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environment
*chopping down trees - American beaver Castor canadensis
- upper and lower incisors that keeps on growing
- need to dam a stream (beaver dam) --> slowing down of current --> still
water
- lodges as home
These interactions determine the DISTRIBUTION and ABUNDANCE of organisms
*black sea urchin
Complex interactions between species
*2 species of sea urchin in the Galapagos - a green sea urchin and pencil sea urchin
- green: in shallow, fast and active
- pencil: more widespread, slower, preferred by fish predators
Early ecology was primarily descriptive and on natural history
- naturalists
- plant ecology developed earlier
- Early ecologists studied plant associations ---gave rise---> community
ecology
Animal ecology took off later
- marine animal ecology flourished - with economic and medical importance
were studied
- *some as parasites : blood flukes Schistosoma in copula = ONLY
gonochoristic fluke
- worlds number 2 eukaryote killer
- *intestinal nematodes going out
- copepod that parasitizes horn shark => copepod being parasitized by
monogeneans
Avocado seed moth Stenoma catenifer
- larva of S. catenifer - attacked by parasitoids
- Wasp eggs inside the moth whose larva feed on the larva of the moth
(Costesia)
superparasitoid wasp --->hyper parasitoid Wasp --parasitoid wasp--> caterpillar
larva
Praying mantises [mandadangcal] caught in flagrante delicto
-male is inhibited by some compound in the brain
- female turns her head and starts EATING the head of the MALE
-male copulates and aggressively transfers the sperm
-she continues to eat him male -> meal
*the family that prey together slay together
Animals that feed on feces DUNG beetle
Ernst Haeckel German
- animal ecology
In the list:
Philippine Eagle Pithecophaga jefferyi
- down to 3% of rainforest remaing
- Sierra Madre Mt. Apo
Yangtze River dolphin Lipotes vexillifer
- worlds only FRESHWATER dolphin
Javan Rhinoceros Rhinoceros sondaicus
- Indonesia
- officially extinct as of 2006
Mindoro tamaraw Bubalus mindorensis
- FEU mascot
Sumatran rhinoceros Dicerorhinus sumatrensis
Philippine crocodile Crocodylus mindorensis
The local extinction of one species can have an negative impact on other species in
an ecosystem
- Marianas flying fox bat Pteropus mariannus (bats) important
pollinators
Biodiversity and Human welfare
- Human Biophilia value of biodiversity for its own sake
- practical benefits
- loss of species = loss of genes and genetic diversity
Benefits of species and Genetic Diversity
- plant breeders bred virus resistant commercial rice by crossing with WILD
population