Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
By:
Eng. Motasem M. Abushaban.
Eng. Fedaa M. Fayyad.
ARCHIMEDES PRINCIPLE
ARCHIMEDES PRINCIPLE
The force of the fluid on the body is opposite, or
vertically upward and is known as the Buoyant
Force.
The force is equal to the weight of the fluid it
displaces.
The buoyant forces acts through the centroid of
the displaced volume
Unstable Equilibrium:
2- Theoretically:
MG = BM + OB OG..........(2)
In Water
9
V
OB = 0.5
b.d
10
PURPOSE:
11
EXPERIMENTAL SET-UP:
12
PART (1)
Determination of floatation
characteristic for unloaded and for
loaded pontoon.
13
PROCEDURE
1. Assemble the pontoon by positioning the bridge
piece and mast.
2. Weigh the pontoon and determine the height of
its center of gravity up the line of the mast.
3. Fill the hydraulic bench measuring tank with
water and float the pontoon in it, then ensure
that the plumb line on the zero mark.
4. Apply a weight of 50 g on the bridge piece
loading pin then measure and record the angle of
tilting and the value of applied weight
14
PROCEDURE
5. Repeat step 4 for different weights; 100, 150, &
200 g, and take the corresponding angle of tilting.
6. Repeat the above procedure with increasing the
bottom loading by 2000 gm and 4000 gm.
7. Record the results in the table.
8. Calculate GM practically where , W has three
cases.
9. Draw a relationship between (x-axis) and GM
(y-axis), then obtain GM when equals zero.
10. Calculate GM theoretically.
15
Pontoon measurement:
- Pontoon dimension : Depth (D) = 170 mm
Length (L) = 380 mm, Width (W) = 250 mm.
-The height of the center of gravity of the pontoon is OGvm = 125 mm from
outer surface of vessel base.
- The balance weight is placed at x = 123 mm from pontoon center line.
- The weight of the pontoon and the mast Wvm = 3000 gm
Bilge
Weight
Off balance
wt.
Wb (gm)
P (gm)
0.00
50
Mean
Def.
(degree)
Exp.
GM
(mm)
GM at
=0
from
graph
BM
OB
Theo.
GM
(mm)
(mm)
(mm)
100
150
200
2000.00
50
x1 = 30
100
150
200
4000.00
100
x1 = 37.5
150
200
250
16
PURPOSE:
17
Remember:
- Pontoon dimension : Depth (D) = 170 mm
Length (L) = 380 mm,
Width (W) = 250 mm.
- The height of the center of gravity of the pontoon is
OGvm = 125 mm from outer surface of vessel base.
- The balance weight is placed at x = 123 mm from
pontoon center line.
- The weight of the pontoon and the mast Wvm = 3000 gm
18
PROCEDURE
GM =
P (123)
3500.
19
PROCEDURE
6. Move 50 gm bilge weight to the mast ahead, then
repeat steps 3,4&5.
7. Repeat step 6 moving 100, 150 & 200 gm bilge
weight to the mast.
8. Determine the height of the center of gravity for
each loading condition according to equation
L
Wvm(125) + Wb(35) + Wb1(190) + Wm(790 + )
2
OG =
W
20
L
3000(125) + 300(190) + Wb(35) + Wm(790 + )
2
OG =
3500
21
22
Mean Def.
Exp. GM
BM
OG
Theo. GM
P (gm)
(degree)
(mm)
(mm)
(mm)
(mm)
2.40
80
4.88
120
7.50
3.45
80
7.23
120
10.50
3.28
40
6.35
80
12.00
3.70
20
10.23
40
14.78
23
24
QUESTIONS
25