Quiz

1. State the Mean Value Theorem.

2. Apply the Mean Value Theorem to the
following, if possible.

2
f x
, a, b 1, 2
x 3

Applications of Derivatives

Equation of Lines
The line with slope m and passes through
the point
has equation

Recall
Consider the curve
, and let P be
a point on the curve with coordinates

The slope of line tangent to the curve

passing through P is given by

Normal Lines
The normal line of a curve at a point is the
line perpendicular to the tangent line of the
curve at the point.
Recall:
Two lines are perpendicular if the product
of their slopes is -1.
negative reciprocals

Example
Find an equation of the tangent line to the
parabola
at the point

When
,
Then, an equation of the tangent line is

Example
The slope of the normal line is
An equation of the normal line is

Example
Find an equation of the tangent line to the
curve
at the point

When
An equation of the tangent line is

Example
The slope of the normal line is
An equation of the normal line is

Example
Find an equation of the tangent line to the
curve
at the point

Applications of Derivatives

Rectilinear Motion
The motion of a particle moving
along a straight line may be
expressed as
where s is the directed distance of
the particle from a fixed point at t
units of time.

Instantaneous Velocity
The instantaneous velocity of the particle
at t units of time v is given by

Velocity
If the velocity is positive, the
particle is moving to the right.

If the velocity is negative, the

particle is moving to the left.
If the velocity is zero, the particle
is at rest.

Example
A particle is moving along a
horizontal line according to the
equation
What is the initial position of the
particle?
Note that if
,
Then, the particle is initially 2 units to
the right of the origin.

Example
Where is the particle after 2 units
of time?
If
Then, the particle is 6 units to the
left of the origin after 2 units of
time.
When is the particle moving to
the left?
The particle is moving to the left
if the velocity is negative.

Example
The instantaneous velocity of the
particle is given by

The velocity is negative when

Then, the particle is moving to the
left when the unit of time is
between 0 and 3.

Example
Note that

when

Then, the particle is moving to the

right when the unit of time is
greater than 3.

Also, the particle is at rest when the

unit of time is exactly 3.

Example
A particle is moving along a
horizontal line according to the
equation

where s is in inches, while t is in

seconds.
Determine when the particle is
moving to the left and when it is
moving to the left.

Example
The instantaneous velocity of the
particle is given by

Example
We will set up a sign table to
determine when the velocity is
positive and when it is negative.

 The critical numbers are 2 and

Then, the particle is moving to the

left when
,
while it is moving to the right on the
interval

Example
If rock is thrown upward on the planet Mars
with a velocity of 10 m/s, its height after t
seconds is given by
H t 10t 1.86t .
2

a. What is the velocity of the rock

after 1 second?

Example
If rock is thrown upward on the planet Mars
with a velocity of 10 m/s, its height after t
seconds is given by
H t 10t 1.86t .
2

b. When will the rock reach its

highest point?

Example
If rock is thrown upward on the planet Mars
with a velocity of 10 m/s, its height after t
seconds is given by
H t 10t 1.86t .
2

c. When will the rock hit the

surface of Mars?

Example
If rock is thrown upward on the planet Mars
with a velocity of 10 m/s, its height after t
seconds is given by
H t 10t 1.86t .
2

d. With what velocity will the rock

hit the surface?