U-Boat Archive - Type VII C Manual

26/10/2016
UboatArchiveTypeVIICManual
ThisdocumentwasgenerouslyprovidedbyDonPrince
TranslatedbyMaciekFlorek
CopyNo.____
SECRET
UboatInformation
UboatTypeVIIC
for
NavyOfficialInstructionNo.371/181
http://www.uboatarchive.net/Manual/Manual.htm
1/173
26/10/2016
ThisisaSecretitemforthepurposeofReichPenalCode88
[24April1934version].Violationispunishableinaccordance
withthiscode,ifanyothercriminallawrulesdonotapply.
UBoatTypeVIIC
UboatInformation
PageI
Title
SECRET!
UboatInformation
for
UboatTypeVIIC
2/173
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Effective15.7.40
Shipyards:
PrimaryYard:Fried.KruppGermaniawerftA.G.,KielGaarden
FollowonYards:seepage1
Yearofconstruction:1939
NavyOfficialInstructionNo.
371/181
PageII
UboatInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
Excerptfromtheregulations
fortheestablishment,examinationandconductof
GeneralNavyRegulationsandDamageControlProcedures
(Issuedby15670KIdon23December1936)
[KI=KonstructionsabteilungSchiffbau=ConstructionDepartment(Ships)]
a)+ Schiffskommando[NavalHeadquarters]hasdevelopedpreliminaryGeneralNavy
RegulationsandDamageControlProceduresonthebasisofexperiencegainedduring
thefirstyearsofcommissioningswhich,supplementedwithnecessaryappendixes
andmodifications,weresubmittedtohigherauthority.
b)+ AfterexaminationbyOberkommandoderKriegsmarine[NavyHighCommand],these
weresubmittedforapprovaltoSchiffsmaschinenInspektion(NavalEngineering
Inspectorate)inWilhelmshaven.
c)+ Afterapproval,bookswiththetitle"Schiffskunde"[Ship'sInformation]and
"Leckwehrregeln"[DamageControlProcedures]or"Schiffskundeund
Leckwehrregeln"wereprintedanddeliveredinsufficientnumbersto
Schiffskommando.
+ NotapplicableforongoingspecialprojectsinaccordancewithSchiffsmaschinen
InspektionOrdernumberG5780MVIIfrom10.9.40.
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UBoatTypeVIIC
PageIII
UboatInformation
Amendments
Notethesection,pageandparagraphNo.,to
whichchangesoradditionsareregistered:
Page
Contents
ParagraphNo.
CertifiedtobeCorrect
Place
Date
Signed
PageIV
UboatInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
Amendments
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Notethesection,pageandparagraphNo.,to
whichchangesoradditionsareregistered:
Page
Contents
ParagraphNo.
CertifiedtobeCorrect
Place
Date
Signed
UBoatTypeVIIC
UboatInformation
PageV
TableofContents
ContentsofUboatInformation
=====================
TitlePage
Excerptfromtheregulationsfortheestablishment,examinationandconductof
GeneralNavyRegulationsandDamageControlProcedures
AmendmentstoUboatInformation
TableofContentsShipInformation
TableofContentsMachineryInstallations
Introduction:DevelopmentoftheTypeVIICUboat
Page
I
II
III
V
X
XIII
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A.ShipInformation
I.General.
1. Shipyardinformation
2. Overviewofshipconstruction
a) Dimensions
b) Measureddisplacement
c) Volumeanddistancefromcenterofmass
d) Testandoperatingpressures
e) Materials
f) Weights
g) Stability
3. Weaponsoverview
a) Torpedoesandmines
b) Artillery
c) Smallarms
4. Safetyandrescueequipmentoverview
a) Structuralsafetyinstallations
b) Safetyequipment
c) Rescueequipment
5. Testdata
a) Speed [surfaced]and [submerged]
b) Divingtime
c) Divingdepth
d) Depthdifferencesforbowandstern
1
2
2
3
3
7
8
9
9
11
11
12
12
12
12
13
13
14
14
14
14
15
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UboatInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
TableofContents

6. Practicalvalues
a) Speedsforvariousoperatingconditions
b) Behavioroftheboatunderdifferentrudderangleandwindconditions
c) Turningradius
d) Behaviorinaseaway
e) Divingcharacteristics
f) Depthcontrol
g) Vibrations
h) Soundlevels
II.BoatandPressureHullincludingopenings.
1. Generalconstructionoftheboat
2. Constructionofthepressurehull
3. Partitioningofthepressurehull
Page
15
15
17
17
20
20
21
23
24
26
26
27
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4. Conningtowerstructure
28
5. Openingsinthepressurehull
6. Constructionoftheoutershell
7. Partitioningoftheoutershell
III.DivingInstallations.
1. Tanksandfueloiltanks
a) Mainballasttanks
b) Mainballastandreservefueloiltanks
c) Bowandsternbuoyancytanks
d) Regulatingtanks
e) Regulatingandreservefueloiltanks
f) Trimtanks
g) Negativebuoyancytanks
h) Torpedocompensatingtanks
2. Blowingandexhaustgasblowinginstallation
a) Compressedairblowing
b) Exhaustgasblowing
3. Ventingandventvalves
4. Compressedairsystems
a) Electricaircompressor
b) Dieselaircompressor
c) Highpressurecompressedairflasks
d) Compressedairequipment
5. Pumps
6. Diveplanes
29
34
36
37
37
37
38
38
39
39
39
40
40
40
40
40
41
41
42
43
43
46
47
UBoatTypeVIIC
UboatInformation
PageVII
TableofContents

IV.Armament.
1. Torpedoesandmines
a) Torpedotubes
b) Installationformineejection
c) Stowage
d) Torpedoloadingequipment
e) Torpedofirecontrolsystem
f) Weightcompensationduringtorpedofiringandmineejecting
2. Gunnery
a) Weapons
b) Ammunition
3. Mineanddemolitionequipment
4. Smallarms
V.Communications
1. Visualandacousticequipment
Page
48
48
49
49
51
51
53
56
56
56
56
57
58
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a) Visualequipment
b) Acousticequipment
2. Electroniccommunicationequipment
a) Radioinstallation
b) Broadcastandannouncementsystem
c) Ultrashortwaveportabletransmitterandreceiver
d) Aerialinstallations
e) Radioconverterinstallation
f) UTInstallation(sound)
g) G.H.G.installation
h) K.D.B.equipment
3. Powersupplyforelectroniccommunicationsequipment
4. Aerials
VI.SteeringSystemandAnchorInstallation.
1. Steeringsystem
a) General
b) Mainrudderinstallation
c) Diveplanesinstallation
2. Anchorinstallation
VII.EquipmentandInstallationsforShipControl.
1. ShipControl
2. Periscopes
58
58
59
59
61
61
62
63
63
63
64
64
66
67
67
68
69
69
71
71
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UboatInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
TableofContents
a) Attackperiscope
b) Airsearchperiscope
c) Periscopedrive
3. Compassinstallation
a) Gyrocompassinstallation
b) Projectorcompassinstallation
4. Signalequipment
5. Depthsoundingequipment
a) Echolot
b) Elektrolot
c) Handlead
6. Loginstallation
7. Alarminstallation
8. Orderingandreportinginstallations
VIII.SafetyandRescueInstallations.
1. Installationsforsubmergedandsurfacedboat
a) Emergencylighting
Page
71
72
72
73
73
74
74
75
75
76
76
76
77
78
79
79
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b) Handlamps
80
c) Fireextinguishers
d) Floodinginstallation
e) Drainageinstallation
f) UTandG.H.G.installation
g) Emergencysteeringgear
h) Divingsuit
i) Emergencyescapegear
k) Liferafts
l) Damagecontrolmaterials
2. Installationsforsurfacedboat
a) Batteryventilation
b) Emergencyventvalves
c) Coaming
d) Lifebuoy,nightsignalbuoyanddinghy
e) Lifejackets
f) Railingandtethers
g) Recognitionmarksforaircraft
3. Installationsforsubmergedboat
a) Compartmentation
b) Airpurificationsystem
80
80
80
80
81
81
81
81
81
81
81
81
82
83
83
83
84
84
84
84
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TableofContents
c) Compressedairandemergencyblowingmanifold
d) Emergencyairsupplysystem
e) Liferafts
f) Airtrap
g) Emergencyescapegear
h) Netdeflector
i) Netcutter
k) Compartmentreadyindicatingsystem
l) Hullclosureindicatingsystem
m) Ventvalveindicatingsystem
IX.DamageControl.
1. General
a) Damagecontrolparties
b) Balancingtheboat
c) Reservebuoyancy
2. Weightsandtrimadjustmentwithwaterflooding
a) Leakageintoexternaltankswiththeboatsurfaced
b) Leakageintopressurehullwiththeboatsurfaced
c) Leakageintoexternaltanksandintopressurehullwiththeboatsurfaced
Page
86
86
87
87
87
88
88
88
88
88
89
89
90
91
91
92
93
97
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d) Leakagewiththeboatsubmergedandwiththeboatlyingonthebottom
3. Leakagecountermeasures
a) Blowing
b) Sealingthecompartments
c) Sealingleaks
d) Pumping
e) Weightrelief
4. Escapefromasunkenboat
a) Escapeprocedures
b) Influenceofchlorinegas,nitrogenandoxygen
c) Thepracticaluseoftheemergencyescapegear
d) Floodingoptionsandfloodingtime
5. Gashazard
6. Firehazard
7. Fireextinguishingequipmentandfloodinginstallation
8. Drainageandcompressedairsystems
102
103
103
104
104
105
106
106
106
107
111
112
117
117
117
117
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UboatInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
TableofContents
B.MachineryInstallation.
I.PropulsionPlant
1. M.A.N.dieselengineinstallation
a) M.A.N.generalandperformancefigures
b) ConstructionoftheM.A.N.propulsionplant
c) AuxiliarymachineryassociatedwithM.A.N.engines
1. G.W.dieselengineinstallation
a) G.W.generalandperformancefigures
b) ConstructionoftheG.W.propulsionplant
c) AuxiliarymachineryassociatedwithG.W.engines
11 ComparisonbetweenM.A.N.G.W.engines
2. Batteries
a) Technicalandperformancedata
b) Constructionandmaintenance
c) Capacity,discharging,finalvoltage
d) Charging
3. Themainswitchboardsandbatteryconnections
4. Emotorinstallation
a) Designandperformancedata
b) Motorconstructionandconnections
5. Shaftlines
Page
118
118
118
119
120
123
124
124
125
129
131
131
131
133
133
134
134
134
135
136
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a)
Propellers
136
b) Driveshafts,bearingsandshaftbrakes
c) Mainthrustbearing
d) Clutches
6. Interactionoftheenginesandmotors
a) General
b) Dieselengineonlydrive
c) Emotorsonly
d) Supportandbuffermode
e) Dieselelectricdrive
f) Chargingoperation
II.AuxiliaryMachineryforPropulsion.
1. Ship'sauxiliarymachinery
a) Mainrudderanddiveplanes
b) Anchorandwarpingcapstaninstallation
c) Aircompressor
136
137
138
140
140
140
140
140
141
141
142
142
142
143
144
UBoatTypeVIIC
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TableofContents
d) Auxiliarydrainandtrimpump
e) Maindrainpump
f) Intakeandexhaustairfan
g) Periscopedrive
h) Refrigerationplant
i) Distillingunit
k) Handpumpsetc
l) W.C.installation
m) Gyrocompassinstallation
2. Auxiliarymachineryforthedieselengineinstallation
a) Auxiliarylubricatingoilpump
b) Auxiliarycoolingwaterpump
3. AuxiliarymachineryfortheEinstallation
a) Emotorfanblower
b) Coolingpump
III.DrainingandFlooding.
1. Maindrainageinstallation
2. Auxiliarydrainageinstallation
3. Handdrainageinstallation
4. Artificialfloodinginstallation
5. Naturalfloodinginstallation
IV.Sea,Wash,andFreshWaterInstallations.
1. Seawaterinstallation
2. Washwaterinstallation
Page
145
145
145
146
148
149
150
151
151
151
151
152
153
153
153
155
155
156
156
156
158
158
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3. Freshwaterinstallation
V.VentilatingSystems.
VI.HeatingInstallations.
VII.LubricatingOilInstallations.
VIII.FueloilInstallations.
IX.EInstallations.
1. Emotors
2. Batteries
3. Mainswitchboards
a) Mainswitchboardswithleverswitches
b) Mainswitchboardswithrotaryswitches
158
160
161
163
165
167
167
168
168
170
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UBoatTypeVIIC
TableofContents
4. Auxiliaryswitchboardsandpowerdistribution
5. Electricequipment
a) Edrivemotorsandtheircurrentdraw
b) Rotaryconvertersandassociatedequipment
c) Orderingandreportinginstallations
Generalinformationandpowersupply
Engineordertelegraphsystem
Shaftrevolutionindicatorsystem
Rudderordertelegraphandrudderangleindicatorsystem
Diveplanesangleindicatorsystem
Alarmbellandflashinglightsystem
Compartmentreadyindicatingsystem
Hullclosureindicatingsystem
Ventvalveindicatingsystem
Torpedoordersindicatorsystem
d) Signalequipment
Generalinformationandpowersupply
Runninglights
Searchlightequipment
e) Powerloadforshipspurposes
Boatlighting
Hotplates
Boatsheating
C.Annex:Drawings
.............................
Page
173
174
174
175
179
179
180
180
181
182
182
183
183
183
184
184
184
185
185
185
185
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UBoatTypeVIIC
UboatInformation
PageXIII
Introduction
DevelopmentoftheTypeVIICUboat
===========================
ThefirstmediumsizeUboatsoftheGermanNavyweretheTypeVIIUboats
(displacement500tons)ofUFlotilla"Saltzwedel"(1936).Theirmaindistinguishing
characteristicwastheafttorpedotubeontheupperdeck.
ThisboatwasdevelopedintotheTypeVIIB(displacement517tons).Theseboats
whichtogetherformedUFlotilla"Wegener"(1938)hadtheafttorpedotubeinside
thepressurehullandalsosomedivingandoperationalimprovementsandgreater
propulsionplantperformanceasaresultofinstalledsuperchargers.
TheTypeVIIBUboatscameintoserviceduringpeacetime,butafterwarbrokeout
in1939,theyprovedtheiroutstandingutilityasaprefectfrontlinesubmarine.They
fulfilledallrequirementscompletely.
Nevertheless,evenbeforewartimetherewereattemptstomakesomeother
improvements,whicheventuallyledtotheTypeVIICUboat:
1.Newelectronicandcommunicationequipmentrequiredmorespacetoinstall.
Thisspacewasobtainedbylengtheningthecontrolroombythedistanceofonehalf
frameforwardof,andonehalfframeaftofthesearchperiscope.ThetypeVIICboat
waslengthenedbyoneframe.
2.Relatedtoabovechanges,thequiteconstrictedtypeVIIBconningtower
dimensionswereincreasedinwidthby60mmandlengthby300mm.
3.Divingcharacteristics,especiallyinheavyseas,wereimprovedbyadding
pressureproofnegativebuoyancytanksforwardoftheportandstarboardregulating
tanks.
4.Surfacerangewasimprovedbyincreasingthefueloilcapacityoffueloiltank1
(internal).Thiswasachievedbymovingtheaftbulkheadofmainballasttank3one
frameforward.Thevolumeoffueloiltank1(internal)wasincreasedfrom32.5min
thetypeVIIBto37.9minthetypeVIIC.
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Introduction
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5.Oneofthetwoelectricallydrivencompressors(Kruppdesign)wasreplacedbya
dieselenginedrivencompressor(Junkersdesign)inordertoreduceelectricpower
consumption.
6.Toachieverequiredreliabilitythelubricatingoilpurifyinginstallationwas
provided.
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page1
UboatInformation
I.General
A.ShipInformation.
I.General.
1.Shipyardinformation.
Shipyards.
PrimaryYard:
FriedrichKruppGermaniawerftA.G.,KielGaarden
NorthSeaArea
FollowonYards:
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NordseewerkeEmden
KriegsmarinewerftWilhelmshaven
VegesackerWerft
BlohmandVoHamburg
HowaldtwerkeHamburg
H.C.StlkenHamburg
BalticArea
FlensburgerShipbuildingCompany
DeutscheWerkeKiel
LbeckerFlenderwerke
DanzingerWerft
SchichauwerftDanzig
ConstructiondataforU____
Construction Keel
yard
laying
1.
Launching Commissioning Decommissioning
2.
Commissioning
UboatCommandsmustentervaliddataonpage1under"ConstructiondataforU____"
andonpage3under"Measureddisplacement"fortheirboatsintheirUboatManuals.
[Pastednote]
Page2
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
I.General
UboatInformation
2.Overview(shipconstruction).
a) Dimensions.
Length:
Lengthoverall
Lengthatthewaterline
Lengthofthepressurehullwithendcaps
Lengthofpressurehullwithoutendcaps
Width:
Maximumwidth
Maximumwidthatthewaterline
Maximumwidthofthepressurehull
Diameteroftheforwardendofthepressurehull
m
m
m
m
mm
mm
mm
mm
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Diameteroftheaftendofthepressurehull
Draft:
Draftaft
Draftamidships
Draftforward
Note:Length,width,anddraftareclassified.
Height:
Upperdeckabovekeel
Topofconningtowerabovekeel
Topofattackperiscopeaboveconningtowerfairing
Topofsearchperiscopeaboveconningtowerfairing
Extendedattackperiscopeabovekeel
Extendedairsearchperiscopeabovekeel
Conningtowerandkeel:
Heightofconningtowerabovepressurehull
Lengthoftheconningtower
Widthoftheconningtower
Heightofthekeel
Widthofthekeel
Lengthofstraightkeel
mm
m
m
m
6000 mm
9397 mm
5266 mm
2602 mm
14663 mm
11999 mm
2630 mm
2950 mm
1760 mm
550 mm
1100 mm
32355 mm
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page3
UboatInformation
I.General
b)Measureddisplacement.
UboatCommandsmustentervaliddataonpage1under"ConstructiondataforU____"
andonpage3under"Measureddisplacement"fortheirboatsintheirUboatManuals.
[Pastednote]
Surfaceddisplacement
Submergeddisplacement
Officialdisplacement
m
m
m
c)Volumeanddistancefromcenterofmass.
InteriorRooms:
Room
AfttorpedoroomandEmotorroom
Dieselengineroom
Pettyofficerquarterswithout/withbatterycompartment1
Volume Distance
m
meters
62
88
33/47
18.75
10.95
4.55
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Controlroom
Officers,chiefpettyofficers,radio,listening,switchrooms
without/withbatterycompartment2
Forwardtorpedoroom
Conningtowerwithout/withperiscopeshaft
Totalvolume:
63/77 +9.65
72 +18.85
10/14
+2.3
405
ExteriorSpaces:
Volume Distance
m
meters
Sternbuoyancytank
Bowbuoyancytank
4.28 31.15
8.0 +29.05
Ballasttanks,Fueloiltanks,TanksandReservoirs:
Measuredvolume(liters)
+2.3
Room
45
Uboat
No.
Regulatingtanks
Stb.
Port
F93
(Type
boat)
...
(7850)
Regulatingand
Torpedocompensating
Trimtanks
reservefueloiltanks
tanks
Aft Forward
Stb.
Port
1
2
3
(7850) (3550) (3600)
(4700)
7800
7660
3640
3680
Figuresinparenthesesarecalculated
4640
(4700) (2350) (5750) (5750)
4580
2450
5680
5790
Page4
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
I.General
UboatInformation
Tanks:(Calculatedvalues)
Tank
Mainballasttank1
Mainballasttank3(withventduct1m)
Mainballasttank5
Regulatingtank2stb.(total7.850m)
Regulatingtank2port(total7.850m)
Afttrimtank
Forwardtrimtank
Torpedocompensatingtank1
Freshwatertank1(Galley)
Freshwatertank2(Controlroom)
Capacitym
working
volume
TestPressure
metersH2O
Distance
meters
30.700
47.750
25.150
7.600
7.600
3.550
3.600
2.350
5.750
5.750
2.625
0.465
6
30
6
140
140
30
30
30
30
30
3
3
26.00
+2.10
+26.47
0.10
0.10
23.05
+18.55
21.15
+15.25
+15.25
7.05
+1.25
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Freshwatertank3(Officersroom)
0.785
+9.90
Washwatertank(Listeningroom)
Wastewatertank1
Wastewatertank2
Negativebuoyancytankstb.(total2.15m)
Negativebuoyancytankport(total2.15m)
0.485
0.760
0.485
2.070
2.070
3
1
1
30
30
+7.75
6.05
+7.75
+2.45
+2.45
FuelOilTanks:(Calculatedvalues)
Bunker
TestPressure
metersH2O
Distance
meters
11.300
7.9
11.300
7.9
13.300
+7.0
13.300
4.700
4.700
37.900
32.800
0.425
6
140
140
8
8
6
+7.0
3.2
3.2
3.2
+8.3
9.5
Mainballastandreservefueloiltank2
starboard
Mainballastandreservefueloiltank2port
Mainballastandreservefueloiltank4
starboard.
Regulatingandreservefueloiltank1starboard
Regulatingandreservefueloiltankport
Fueloiltank1(internal)
Fueloiltank2(internal)
Fueloilcollectingtank
Volumem
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page5
UboatInformation
I.General
Tanks:
Tank
Lubricatingoilsupplytank1
Lubricatingoilsupplytank2
Lubricatingoilcollectingtankstarboard
Lubricatingoilcollectingtankport
Dirtylubricatingoiltank
Capacitym
working
volume
TestPressure
metersH2O
Distance
meters
3.270
3.230
0.800
0.800
0.790
6
6
6
6
6
11.45
11.45
11.65
10.45
12.85
StorageandWeight:
Storage
Fueloilgravityfeedtank
Lubricationoildailyservicetank
Waterdistillatetanks13
149liters+199liters+153liters
Capacitym
workingvolume
0.730
0.026
0.501
TestPressure
metersH2O
Distance
meters
11.50
7.55
18.50
16.70
16.25
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Storageforflareshells
0.033
+5.45
Storagefordemolitioncharges
Ammunitionmagazine
Provisionsstorageaft
Provisionsstorageforward
Washwaterdailysupplytank
Brinetank
0.500
7.350
2.000
1.600
0.030
0.030
+9.90
+6.85
6.65
+13.15
5.90
+3.05
Torpedostowage:
Tubes
TorpedotubesIV
withpistoninserted
withoutpiston
Upperdeckcontainerforward,aft
with/withoutG7A
Volumeliters
Distance
meters
Remarks
Piston70kg
1680
1740
2500
0.5at
testpressure
fwd:+25.25
aft:26,15
fwd:+25.10
aft:26.00
fwd:+19.18
aft:20.23
fwd:+18.75
aft:19.80
Page6
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
I.General
UboatInformation
Torpedostowage:
Tubes
Volumeliters
Torpedointhetube
G7E/G7A
Reservestowageforward,aft
G7E=
G7A=
G7E=
G7A=
G7A=
Distance
meters
fwd:+25.63
aft:26.53
fwd:+25.56
aft:26.46
fwd:+17.75
fwd:+17.66
aft:18.30
ResidualWaterintanksandbunkers:
Designation
Remarks
Mainballasttank1
Mainballasttank3
Mainballasttank5
Mainballastandreservefueloiltank2port/stb.
Mainballastandreservefueloiltank4port/stb.
Volumem
Remarks
2.550)
0.800)
1.980)
0.950)
1.050)
100mmabove
upperedge
offloodopening
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Regulatingandreservefueloiltank1port/stb.
Regulatingtank2port/stb.
Negativebuoyancytankport/stb.
Notpumpable
Notblowable
Totalcapacity:
Ballasttanks
Ballasttanksandballastandreservefueloiltanks
Fueloiltank1and2(internal)
Fueloiltanks(internal),mainballastandreservefueloiltanks,and
regulatingandreservefueloiltanks
Lubricatingoilsupplytanks1and2
Lubricatingoilcollectingtanksportandstb.
Freshwatertanks
Highpressureairflasksat205kg/cm
Oxygenflasksat150kg/cm
~0
0.500
0.160
103.600m
152.800m
70.700m
129.700m
6.500m
1.600m
3.875m
3900liters
500liters
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page7
UboatInformation
I.General
d)
Testandoperatingpressures.
Spaces,vents/valves.
Pressuretestinpressuredockunderexternalpressure
Watertightbowandwatertightsternunderairpressure
Pressurehullandconningtowerincludingperiscope
shaftswithinternalpressureequivalenttowaterpressure
atthebottomofthepressurehull
Pressureproofcurvedwatertightbulkheadsfromthe
cuppedsidewithinternalpressureequivalenttowater
pressureatthetopofthepressurehull
Watertightbulkheadswithinternalpressureequivalentto
waterpressureatthetopofthepressurehull
Testingthebulkheadtightnessoftheammunition
magazineforgastightness
Hullplatingtestedto
Floodvalvesofmainballastandreservefueloiltanks
andmainballasttank3atthevalve
Ventvalveswithpressureequivalenttowaterpressure
atthetopofmainballasttanksormainballast
andreservefueloiltanksto
Emergencyventvalvesformainballasttank3
Emergencyventvalvesformainballastandreservefuel
oiltanks2and4portandstb.
Deckofthebatterycompartmentbyfillingthebattery
compartmentwithairunderpressure
10.5at
0.02at
30metersPressurehead
30metersPressurehead
1meterPressurehead
1meterPressurehead
15at
1meterPressurehead
6metersPressurehead
1meterPressurehead
6metersPressurehead
100mmPressurehead
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Tanks,FuelOilTanks,Bunkers,GravityTanksseeparagraphI2c
Highpressureair,oxygenandpressureoilflasks.
Highpressureairflasks:
Operatingpressure
Testpressure
StartingairflasksMAN:
Operatingpressure
Testpressure
StartingairflasksGW:
Operatingpressure
Testpressure
Oxygenflasks:
Operatingpressure
Testpressure
Hydraulicoilflasks
Operatingpressure
Testpressure
205kg/cm
280kg/cm
75kg/cm
120kg/cm
30kg/cm
50kg/cm
150kg/cm
225kg/cm
70kg/cm
120kg/cm
Page8
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
I.General
UboatInformation
AuxiliaryMachinery.
Aircompressor:
Operatingpressure
LPstage
1.21.4kg/cm
MPstage1
79kg/cm
MPstage2
19.545kg/cm
HPstage
205kg/cm
Testpressure=1.5xoperatingpressure
Testpressureradiatorcasing15kg/cm
Capstanmotor:
Operatingpressure
3.5kg/cm
Hydraulicoilpumpforperiscopedrive:Operatingpressure
70kg/cm
424mmH2O
Compartmentventilatingfan: Operatingpressure
Testpressureoffanenclosure
0.25kg/cm
Safetyvalves:
HPairmanifold
220kg/cm
Ballasttankblowingmanifold
30kg/cm
Lowpressureairmanifold
18kg/cm
Trimairpressuredistributor
2.5kg/cm
Regulatingtankpressuredischarge
12kg/cm
distributor
Anchorcapstan
6kg/cm
e)
Materials.
Pressurehull
St52KM
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Conningtowercasing
Conningtowerdeck
Upperdeckcanistersfortorpedoes
Casting
Sheet
Floodvalves
Floodvalveframes
Ventvalves,casing
Ventvalves,seat
Emergencyventvalves
Whn/ASpecialtype
ChromiumNickelMolybdenumSteel
Aluminium
Hy51
Hy5W
Steelcasting
Steelcasting
Steelcasting
Steelcastingwithbronze
Steelcasting
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page9
UboatInformation
I.General
f)
Weights.
I.
Ship'shullincludingballast
=%
II.
Auxiliarymachineryforpropulsion
=%
III. Armour
=%
IV. Propulsionplantincludingassociatedauxiliarymachinery =%
V.
Gunnery
=%
VI. Torpedoweaponry
=%
VII. Equipment
=%
VIII. Fuelandlubricatingoil
=%
IX. Weightreserve
=%
SumofIIX=Constructiondisplacement=100%
Note:Abovedataisnotfilledbecauseitissecret.
g)
ChromiumNickel
Molybdenumsteel
Steelcasingwithbronze
Mildsteelinsideand
galvanizedoutside
Piping
Pipinginfueloilbunkers,batteryroomand
freshwatertanks
Galvanizedmildsteel
Allgearrodsandlinkageswiththeirbearingsinstalledoutsidethepressurehullare
galvanizedormadefromseawaterproofmaterial.
HPairflasks
Armatures
Stability.
General.
ThestabilityoftheboatcanbeexpressedastheleverarmMG(socalled"meta
centricheight"),i.e.thedistancebetweenthecenterofgravityGandtransverse
metacentreM(intersectionoftheupwardforceofbuoyancyandshipvertical
centreline).
TheheelingoftheboatbytheforcePbyanglecreatestherightingarm
(stabilizingarm):
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ThepositionoftheMoverthebuoyancycenterFduring cruisedependson
thepositionofthefloatingline(transversewaterlinegivestheheightoftheM).
Page10
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
10
I.General
UboatInformation
Whenheelinganglesaresmall(02)thepositionofMcanbeconsideredas
constant,sostabilizingarm *sinisalsoconstant(startingstability).
AtlargeheelinganglesthepositionofMischanging.InUboats,however,the
stabilityatlargedeclinationsisnotcalculatedasyouknow,Uboatswith
sufficientstartingstabilityarestableatlargeheelingangles.The"starting
stability"willbecalled"stability".
During cruiseMoverlapswithbuoyancycenterF:
Thestabilizingarm *sinisequalforlongitudinalandlateraldeclinations.
Longitudinalstabilityduring cruiseisalsoaslargeastransversestability,
whereofitreactstotrimchanges.
During cruisethelongitudinalstabilityisverylarge(MGapproximately=ship
length).
Note:Freesurfacesarenotaccountedforinstabilityconsiderations.
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UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page11
UboatInformation
I.General
11
Incliningtest.
Theincliningtestverifiespreviouslycalculatedshipstabilityandiscarriedoutby
applyingawellknownheelingmoment ,whichisequaltotherightingmoment
.
Thedeflectionfromtheplumblinegivestheheelangleandthenfrom
therightingarm
canbecalculated.
StabilityValuesforTypeVIICUboats
Forthefollowingtrimconditionsthecorrespondingapproximatestabilityvalues
ratioapply:
a:b:c:d:=5:4:3:2
a)
cruise,trimconditionA
b)
cruise,trimconditionB
c)
cruise
d) Theleaststabilityisduringdiving,whentheupperedgeofthemainballast
reservefueloiltankscomesunderthesurface.
ThestabilityofboatswithG.W.enginesisabout30mmlowerthaninboatswith
M.A.N.engines.
Note:Fortheabsolutevaluesofthemetacentricheight oftheboatswith
M.A.N.andG.W.enginesseesecretdocuments.
3) Weaponsoverview.
a)Torpedoandminearmament.
1453cmtorpedoesmaybecarried
4inthebowtorpedotubes
1inthesterntorpedotube
9inreservestorage
Page12
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
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12
UboatInformation
I.General
Insometorpedostowage2TMAor3TMBminescanbestoredinplaceof
torpedoes.
Thefollowingexamplesofmaximumloadareprovided:
G7a
G7e
TMA
TMB
5
3
3
3
3
9
2
2
1
1
14
16
21
21
1
2
3
4
5
4)
ForstorageseeparagraphIV1c.
b) Artillery
1cannonSKC/35,caliber8.8cm
1machinegunC/30,caliber2cm
FormunitionsseeparagraphIV2b.
c) Smallarms
1LMGC/34
2Machineguns
3Mauserpistols,calibre7.65cm
3bayonets
2signalpistols
FormunitionsseeparagraphIV4.
Safetyandrescueequipmentoverview.
a) Structuralsafetyinstallations.
Sphericalbulkheadsforpressuretightpartition
Watertightbulkheads
Hatchwithretractablelatches
Netcutter
Netdeflector
Recognitionmarksforaircraft
2
3
1
2
3
1
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page13
UboatInformation
I.General
13
b)
Safetyequipment.
Highpressureairsystem,airvolumeat205at:3900liters
Oxygenrenewalsystem,oxygenvolumeat1at:75000liters
Airpurificationsystem,sodiumhydratecartridges:212units
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c)
Emergencyventvalvesforthemainballasttank3andmainballastandreserve
fueloiltanks2and4
Emergencyblowingmanifold(1)forallmainballastandmainballastand
reservefueloiltanks
Emergencyairsupplyconnection(3x2)ineachpressuretightcompartment
Automaticallyswitchedonemergencylamps:8
Batteryventilation
Compartmentreadyindicatingsystem
GHGinstallation
KDBinstallation
UTinstallation
Dryfireextinguisher3
Foamfireextinguisher1
Floodinginstallation
Drainageinstallation
Damagecontrolmaterials
Rescueequipment.
Rescuebuoyswithnightsignallight
Batterypoweredhandlamps
Lifebuoys
Emergencyescapegear
Lifejackets
Divingsuit
Divingsuitwithoutweightingsystems
Watertightsuitfortheemergencyescapeset
Raftwithbuoy
Dinghy
2
8
3
55
40
1
1
1
2
1
ForfurtherinformationaboutsafetyandrescueequipmentseesectionVIII.
Page14
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
14
I.General
UboatInformation
5)
Testdata.
a) Speed and :
Dieselengines
Emotors
Turns
Speed
Turns
Condition Condition
A
B
R.P.M.
knots
knots
R.P.M.
Speed
knots
knots
Ahead
2xKF
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KF
LF
HF
2xHF
GF
AK
3xAK
7.2
10.2
12.4
14.6
16.3
17.7
18.1
7.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
17.5
17.9
55
110
160
215
250
285
300
2.3
4.5
6.3
8.2
9.3
10.5
11
1.5
3
4.5
6
7
8
Astern
KF
LF
HF
2xHF
AK
180
210
250
310
400
b)
Divingtime.
Whilestayingstill
AtHFforward
Fastdiving
c)
Divingdepth.
Constructiondepth
Testedinpressuredock
Deepestallowabledepth
180
275
340
396
435
471
480
55
110
160
215
250
seconds
seconds
seconds
100meters
105meters
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page15
UboatInformation
I.General
15
6)
d) Depthdifferencesforbowandstern.
Asperthechartonpage16.
Practicalvalues.
a) Speedsforvariousoperatingconditions.
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Page16
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
16
I.General
UboatInformation
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TauchungeunterschiedevonBugundHeckgegenberderDruckmessertiefe
Divingdifferencesforbowandsternopposedtothedepthgage
Achterlastig
Downbythestern
BockfrNetzabweiser
Supportfornetdeflector
Bug
Bow
Bug(untere)Netzsge
Bow(bottomof)Netsaw/cutter
Bughher
Bowhigher
Bugtiefer
Bowdeeper
Grad
Degrees
Heck
Stern
Hhertauchung
Shallowerimmersion
Kiel
Keel
Netzsge(oben)
Netsaw/cutter(topof)
Rudderhacke
Rudderheel(bottomoftherudder)
Tiefertauchung
Deeperimmersion
Turm
Conningtower
Vorlastig
Downbythebow
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page17
UboatInformation
I.General
17
b)
c)
Behavioroftheboatunderdifferentrudderangleandwindconditions.
Turningcircles.
Turningcirclediameter
Dependingonmainrudderangleandspeed.
Surfaced:
Turningcirclediameterinmeters
Trim Rudder
AK
GF
HF
LF
KF
Condition angle RPM=471 RPM=435 RPM=340 RPM=275 RPM=180
B
32
270
30
265
253
245
295
260
250
25
20
15
350
418
530
310
370
475
290
345
440
32
30
25
286
270
265
280
230
253
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20
15
Page18
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
18
I.General
UboatInformation
Submerged:
Circleto:
32
30
25
20
15
10
Starboard
280
260
270
315
370
440
525
225
250
260
305
350
405
480
205
180
Note:RPMarevalidatthemomentofrunningintotheturningcircleand
duringthesteadyturningconditionoftheboatareaccordinglylower.
Timetoreciprocalheading
RudderHardOver and
Speed
setting
Turningcirclediameterinmeters
Rudder
AK
GF
HF
LF
KF
angle RPM=285 RPM=215 RPM=160 RPM=110 RPM=55
32
30
25
20
15
10
Port
AK
GF
HF
LF
KF
TimetoReciprocalheading
TrimCondition
TrimConditionB
Submerged
A
1min10sec
1min11sec
1min17sec
1min33sec
2min23sec
1min13sec
1min15sec
1min23sec
1min36sec
2min35sec
minsec
minsec
minsec
minsec
minsec
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UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page19
UboatInformation
I.General
19
Timetoputinandtotakeeffect
withmainruddersinasterncruise
Rudder
angle
32
30
25
20
15
10
7.3sec
6.8sec
5.8sec
4.8sec
3.8sec
2.8sec
sec
sec
sec
sec
sec
3sec
Timetoresult
RPM=100
RPM=360
8.8sec
8.2sec
7.0sec
5.6sec
4.3sec
3.0sec
sec
sec
sec
sec
sec
3.5sec
MainRudderLimits
asterncruise
Timetoputin
RPM=100
RPM=360
AK
GF
HF
LF
KF
10
15
32
32
32
Page20
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
20
I.General
UboatInformation
d)
Behaviorinaseaway.
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e)
Divingcharacteristics,crashdives.
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page21
UboatInformation
I.General
21
f)
Depthcontrolcharacteristics.
Normal
Inaseaway
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Page22
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
22
I.General
UboatInformation
Duringtorpedofiring
Duringminefiring
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UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page23
UboatInformation
I.General
23
g)
Vibration:
ByenginesatdifferentRPM
bytorpedofiring
byperiscopewithdragatspeed
Attackperiscope(aftperiscope):
Airsearchperiscope(forwardperiscope):
Page24
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
24
I.General
UboatInformation
h)
Soundlevels(fromtestingwith"U45and"U51")
(updatedforVIICboatsaftertesting)
Boatlyingonthebottom
Soundfromauxiliarymachineryat250metersdistance
Operating:Underwatertelegraphyconverterandgyrocompass
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Notheard
Quiet
Moderatelyloud
UTconverter
Gyrocompass
circulationpump
Radioconverter
Gyrocompass
converter
Extendingattack
periscope
Hydraulicoilpump AuxiliaryLO
pump
W.C.pump
Retractingattack
periscope
Extendingairsearch
periscope
Trackingmotorin
torpedodata
computer
Diveplaneselectric
drive
Echolot(shallow
depthdevice)
Controlvalvesfor
theperiscopedrive
Engineorder
telegraphwithout
buzzer
Auxiliarydrainand
trimpump
Aircompressor
Drivemotorfor
turningattack
periscope
Echolot(deepdepth
device)
Boathangingontheperiscope
Soundfromauxiliarymachineryat250metersdistance.Motorsstopped.Noauxiliarymachinery
exceptforUTconverterandgyrocompass.
Notheard
Quiet
Moderatelyloud
Extendingair
searchperiscope
Extendingattack
periscope
Main
drain
pump
Veryloud
Retractingair
searchperiscope
Compartment
Walking Speakingintheboat
ventilationfan
inthe
boat
Engineorder
telegraphwith
buzzer
Workingintheboat
Diveplanes(hand
drive)
Mainrudderelectric Mainrudder(hand
drive
drive)
Loud
Loud
Retractingair
searchperiscope
Retractingattack
periscope
Veryloud
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page25
UboatInformation
I.General
25
Boatatattackdepth
Boatdriven atattackdepthinacircleof500metersradius
Notheard
OnemotorKF
=50RPM
Attack
periscope
Diveplane
drivingmotor
Quiet
Moderately
loud
Drainingand
trimmingwithair
Operatingboth
diveplanesby
hand
Loud
Veryloud
Drainingandtrimmingwith
auxiliarydrainandtrimpump
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BothmotorsKF Compartment
=50RPM
ventilatingfan
Compartment
ventilatingfan
Bothmotors
LF100RPM
Bothdiveplane
drivingmotors
Attack
periscope
Compartment
ventilatingfan
Both
Bothmotors140RPM
motors80
RPM
Both
Bothmotors120RPM
motors50
RPM
BothmotorsLF100RPM
Bothmotors
200RPM
Bothmotors
180RPM
Bothmotors
160RPM
Atstarboard110andport90RPMthenoiseisweakerthanwithbothmotorsat100RPM
Drainingandtrimmingbymeansofairat80RPMorless:slightnoiseisaudible.
DetectionrangewithdifferentRPMrates(submerged)
At
80RPM:
At
160RPM:
Bothmotors
250RPM
4500meters (Detectionrangeparticularly
largebecauseofhowlingsound)
5000meters (Detectionrangelowered.)
Page26
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
II.BoatandPressureHull
UboatInformation
II.BoatandPressureHullincludingthruhullopenings.
1.
2)
GeneralconstructionofUboats.
TypeVIICUboatsaremediumsizedmixedconstructionboats.
Theboatisbuiltfromfollowingparts:
pressurehullwithconningtower
outershell
upperdeckandbridgedeck.
Theconningtower,whichislocatedabovethecontrolroomathalfofthepressure
hulllengthisconnectedtoitbymeansofthecontrolroomhatch.
Theoutershellenclosesthestern,bothsidesandthebowofthepressurehull.
Thesubstructureoftheupperdeckextendsoverthefulllengthoftheboatandis
weldedtothepressurehullbymeansofkneeplates.Toreducethedragwhile
submerged,theconningtowerisenclosedbytheconningtowercasing.
Inthebottomofthepressurehullthereisa0.5meterhighand1.1meterwide
keelbox.
Constructionofthepressurehull.
Thepressurehullhasacircularcrosssectionoveritsfulllength.Thehull
consistsofonecylindricalandsevenconeshapedparts.Thesepartsarejoined
togetherbyarcwelding,andstrengthenedfrominsideby82frameswhichare
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madefrombulbteegirdersandpressureproofandwatertightbulkheads.The
qualityofthearcweldsaretestedbytheshipyardwithradiographics.Atfirst
25%ofallweldedjointsontypeVIIboatswerefaulty,duetostricttestingthis
numberreached15%.Thisensuresgreaterresistancetowaterpressureatdeep
depths.Thethicknessofthepressurehullplatesdecreasestowardstheends.
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page27
UboatInformation
3)
Especiallystressedareas(i.e.undertheconningtowerandaroundtheafttorpedo
hatch,exhaustvalvesanddieselengineroompatch)arefurtherstrengthenedwith
thickerplates.Bothendsofthepressurehullareenclosedbytwooutside
cambereddishedplates.Theforwardendofthepressurehullisadequately
strengthenedtoaccountfortheweakeningduetotheopeningsforthefour
torpedotubes.Thethicknessofplatinginthecylindricalpartofthehullis18.5
mmanddecreasestowardstheforwardandaftendsandinconicalpartsis16
mm.Thethicknessofplatingatbothhullendingsis35mm.
Partitioningofthepressurehull.
Thepressurehullisdividedintothreecompartmentsbytwopressureproof
bulkheadsandsubdividedintosixroomsbythefollowingwatertightbulkheads,
whichfromaftareasfollows:(seeChapterC:Tanksandinstallationsplan)
CompartmentI(Frame039).
Room1:AfttorpedoandEmotorroomFrame0161/2.
1sterntorpedotube,Emotors,converters,switchboards,aircompressors,driving
motorsformainruddersandafterdiveplanes,torpedocompensatingtankand
aftertrimtank,1oxygenflask,1emergencyfreshwatertank.
Underfloor:stowagefor1reservetorpedo,stowagefor3distilledwater
containers.
Room2:DieselengineroomFrame161/229.
Dieselenginesandauxiliarymachinery,2startingairflasks,2oxygenflasks.
Underfloor:lubricatingoilsupplytanks,lubricatingoilcollectingtanks,dirtyoil
tank,fueloilcollectingtanks.
Room3:PettyofficersroomFrame2939.
W.C.,galley,stowageforprovisions,automaticbatteryswitch1,refrigeration
plant,HPairbank3.
Underfloor:freshwatertank1,wastewatertank1,fueloiltank1,batteryroom
1.
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Page28
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
UboatInformation
4)
CompartmentII(Frame39501/2).
Room4:Controlroom.
Maindrainpump,auxiliarydrainandtrimpump,driveforaft(attack)periscope,
controlstationformainrudderanddiveplanes,gyrocompass,refrigerationplant,
distillingunit,trimmingstation,freshwatertank2,4oxygenflasks.
Underfloor:mainballasttank3(Frame4148).
CompartmentIII(Frame501/280).
Room5:OfficersandchiefpettyofficersquartersFrame501/260,radioand
underwatertelegraphyroom,listeningroom,automaticbatteryswitch2,stowage
forprovisions,W.C.,freshwatertank3.
Underfloor:fueloiltank2(Frame4863),storageforexplosivecharges,
munitionsmagazine,activesonarroom,washwatertank,wastewatertank2,
batteryroom2.
Room6:ForwardtorpedoroomFrame6380.
4bowtorpedotubes,auxiliarystowagefor2reservetorpedoes,HPairpressure
bank4and5,3oxygenflasks.
Underfloor:stowagefor4reservetorpedoesormines,torpedocompensation
tanks2and3,forwardtrimtank.
Conningtowerstructure.
Theshapeoftheconningtowerinhorizontalcrosssectionisanellipseintheaft
sectionandthearcofacircleinthelateralandforwardsections.Thesepartsare
joinedtogetherwithoutflatspots.Theradiusoftheforwardarcis575mm,and
thatofthesidearcs2260mm.Todecreasethedragoftheconningtowerduring
submergedcruise,thetowerisenclosedwithacasing.
Theconningtowerisenclosedatthetopbythebridgedeckfabricatedfrom30
mmthicksteelplate,whichisweldedtotheconningtowerwalls.Thethickness
oftheconningtowerwallplatesis32mm.
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page29
UboatInformation
5)
Inconningtowerareinstalled:aft(attack)periscopewithhydraulicdriving
motor,mainruddersteeringstation,torpedofirecontrolinstallation.
Openingsinthepressurehull.
Theopeninginthepressurehullarenecessaryfor:
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Linkageandshafts
Lines
Hullfittings
Communicationequipment
Measuringequipment.
Allinstallationspassingthroughthehullaretestedat15at.
Ineachroomtherearethefollowingopenings:
AfttorpedoandEmotorroom.
Openingsforlinkageand/orshafts:
For Ventvalveformainballasttank1
" Mainrudderdrive
" Aftdiveplanes
" Propellershafts
" Outertorpedotubedooropening
" Ventvalveforthesternbuoyancytank
" Torpedoloadinghatch(clearance660mm)
Openingsforlines:
For Emergencyairsupplyandexhaust
" Mineejection
" Blowinglineformainballasttank1
" Lubricationformainballasttank1
" Hullvalveinblowinglineforsternbuoyancytank
" Floodinglinefortorpedotube
" Ventlinefortorpedotube
" HullvalveforHPairbank1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
Page30
5
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
UboatInformation
Openingsforhullfittings:
For Hullvalveforcoolingwaterdischarge
"
Hullvalveforcoolingwaterpumpintakeandfloodingtorpedo
compensatingtank
1
1
Dieselengineroom.
For Ventvalveformainballastandreservefueloiltank2stb.andport
" Mainblowingvalveformainballastandreservefueloiltank2stb.
andport
" Grindingmechanismfortheexhaustgasvalvesstb.andport
" Ventilationexhaustfootvalve
" Ventilationsupplyfootvalve
" Dieselengineairinductiontrunkfootvalve
1
2
4
1
1
1
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26/10/2016
" Selectorvalveforlubricatingpoints
Openingsforlines:
For Hullvalveinfueloildeliverylinefrommainballastandreserve
fueloiltank2stb.andport
" Hullvalveforairevacuationformainballastandreservefueloil
tank2stb.andport
" Hullvalveforfueloilintake
" Hullvalveforlubricatingoilintake
" Hullvalveforthecompensatingwaterline
" Shipssteamheatingconnection
For Hullvalveforcoolingwaterpumpstb.andport
" Assemblypatch4940x1890mmandinthisanassemblyhatch860
x1890mm
2
2
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
Pettyofficerroom(withgalley).
For Floodvalvesformainballastandreservefueloiltank2stb.and
port
" Emergencyventvalvesformainballastandreservefueloiltank2
stb.andport
" Markerbuoyfloodinganddrainageoperationshafting
Openingsforlines:
For Blowinglinesformainballastandreservefueloiltank2stb.and
port
" Hullvalveforfueldeliverylinefrommainballastandreservefuel
oiltank2stb.andport
4
2
2
2
2
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page31
UboatInformation
For Coolingwatergravitytank(warmseawater)
" Hullvalveforfillingfreshwaterandwashwatertanks
Lubricating,floodvalvesmainballastandreservefueloiltank2stb.
"
andport
Assemblypatch(batteryhatch)550x420mm
AftW.C.
Galleyhatch(600mmdiameter)
1
1
4
1
2
1
Controlroom.
For Floodvalvesformainballastandreservefueloiltank4stb.andport
" Emergencyventvalvesmainballastandreservefueloiltank4stb.and
port
4
2
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" Ventvalveformainballastandreservefueloiltank2and4stb.andport 2
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
Ventvalveformainballasttank3
Floodvalveformainballasttank3
Dieselengineairinductiontrunkheadvalve
Ventilationsupplyandexhaustheadvalve
Emergencyventvalvesformainballasttank3
Exhaustgasblowingvalves
Aft(airsearch)periscope(throughthedeck,mainballasttank3,
pressurehullandconningtower)
" DFantenna
Openingsforlines:
For Lubricationoffloodvalvesmainballasttank3
" Lubricationofemergencyventvalvesmainballasttank3
" Portandstb.blowinglinesformainballasttank3
" Blowinglinesformainballastandreservefueloiltank4stb.andport
Hullvalveforemergencyairsupplyandexhaust
Hullvalveforemergencyblowingofmainballasttanks1and5
Compressedairmeasuringlines
Hullvalveforcompressedairfillingintake
Tyfonairwhistle
2
4
1
2
2
8
3
1
8
2
2
2
2
2
8
1
3
Page32
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
UboatInformation
For
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
Regulatingtankswaterlevelindicators
Depthgauges
Loginstallation
Ventlineforregulatingtank2portandstb.
Ventlineforregulatingreservefueloiltank1portandstb.
Viewingportformagneticcompass
Ventgatevalveformainballastandreservefueloiltank4stb.andport
Hullvalveforoxygenintake
Coolingwaterforgyrocompassintakeanddischarge
Drainageforcompartmentventilationsupplyandexhaustanddiesel
engineairinductiontrunkheadvalves
Hullvalvedeckwashingwater
Hullvalveinfueloildeliverylinefrommainballastandreservefueloil
tank4stb.andport
Echodepthsounder(deepdepthdevice)
Intakeforfinecontroloffloodingregulatingtanksand/orregulating
reservefueloiltanks
Telephoneconnectionforpressuredock
Lubricationforfloodvalvesofmainballastandreservefueloiltank4
stb.andport
4
4
2
2
2
1
2
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
1
4
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For Floodvalvesofmainballasttank3
" Intakehullvalveforfinefloodingofregulatingtanks
" Hullvalveforfloodingmunitionsmagazine
" Hullvalvefromthesea
" Hullvalvedischargedrainpump
6
1
1
1
1
Officersandchiefpettyofficer'sroom.
For Antennatrunk
" Activesonar
" Echodepthsounder(shallowdepthdevice)
" Echodepthsounder(deepdepthdevice)
" Underwatertelegraphy
" Activesonartransducer/projector
" Markerbuoyfloodingdrainageandoperationshafting
" Coolingwatergravitytank
1
1
2
3
2
2
3
1
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page33
UboatInformation
" ForwardW.C.
" Assemblypatch(batteryhatch)700x445mm
2
1
Forwardtorpedoroom.
For Controlvalveforanchorcapstan
" Clutchandbrakeforanchorcapstan
" Anchorreleasemechanism
" Chainstopper
" Shifterforraisingandloweringanchor
" Forwarddiveplanes
" Annunciatormechanismforlengthofextendedchain
" Ventvalveformainballasttank5
" Ventvalveforbowbuoyancytank
" Outertorpedotubedooropening
Openingsforlines:
For Passivesonararray
" Transmitterforunderwatertelegraphy
" Rotatingpassivehydrophone
" Hullvalveforemergencyairsupply
" Hullvalveforemergencyairexhaust
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
1
1
1
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" Mineejection
" Blowinglineformainballasttank5
" Blowinglineforbowbuoyancytank
" Floodinglinefortorpedotubes
" Ventlinefortorpedotubes
" Lubricationforventvalveformainballasttank5
For Forwardtorpedoloadinghatch(clearance660mm)
" Hullvalvefromtheseaforfloodingtorpedocompensatingtanks2and3
" Forwardtorpedotubes

4
1
1
4
4
1
1
1
4
Page34
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
UboatInformation
6)
Conningtower.
For Forward(attack)periscope
Openingsforlines:
For Targetingandgyrocompassrepeater
" Torpedofirecontrolinstallation
" Bridgemainrudderangleindicator
" Airwhistle
" Voicetube
" Emergencyairsupply
For Airconnectiontothebridge
" Conningtowerhatch
Openingsforlinesinfloorofconningtower:
For Emergencyairsupply
" Emergencyairexhaust
" Voicetube
" Hydraulicoilforperiscope(pressureandreturn)
" Diveplanesangleindicator
" Drainage
" Airsupplytoconningtower
" Airexhaustfromconningtower
1
2
2
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
Constructionoftheoutershell.
Stern.
Inthesternpartoftheoutershellarelocatedmainballasttank1andthesternbuoyancy
tank,bothwithfloodopenings.Themaintopbeamsare:1longitudinalmaingirderinthe
middleand2shorter,lateralgirders,allweldedtotheafttoppartofpressurehull.
Themainbottombeams:2heavystringers.
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Thestringerswithtransversalframesandtopmiddlegirderareassembledintoatruss.
Thetrussisstrengthenedinthetransversedirectionbymeansofthetorpedotube
bulkhead.
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page35
UboatInformation
10
Theafttorpedotubeisusedashorizontalbracingforthesternbuoyancytank.
Inthebowpartofoutershellislocatedthemainballasttank5andthebowbuoyancy
tank,bothwithfloodopenings.
Themaintopbeams:2Igirdersreachingtheforwardtorpedotubesbulkheadandone
maingirderinthemiddlereachingthebow.
Themainbottombeams:1heavyIgirder.
Thebowpartofoutershellintheareaofthetorpedotubesshuttersisnotbracedby
girders.Anadditionalmiddlegirderislocatedabovethebowbuoyancytankatthedeck.
Allgirdersanddecksarejoinedbytransversalframes,supportingandunitingthe
torpedotubebulkheadandthebuoyancytankbulkheadintoonestrongstructure.
Saddletanks.
Themainballastandreservefueloiltanks,regulatingandreservefueloiltanks,
regulatingtanksandnegativebuoyancytanksarebuiltaslateralsaddletanks,with
framesweldedtothepressurehullbymeansofkneeplates.Theregulatingandreserve
fueloiltanks,regulatingtanks,andnegativebuoyancytanksaremadepressureproof.
Upperdeck.
Theupperdeckspreadsoverthefulllengthoftheboat.Theframesoftheupperdeck
areconnectedwithpressurehullbymeansofkneeandsupportplates.Twosupport
girdersmadefromZshapedironbracetheupperdeck.Thewoodendeck,sideplates
andallfreefloodingspaceshavefloodingholestopreventtheformationofairpockets
whendiving.
Conningtower.
Theconningtowercasingismadefromlightplates.
Thiscasingencloses:
Airtrunks,aerialstrunks,DFantenna,rodantenna,forward(airsearch)periscope,
pressureproofcontainerforMGC/30gunbarrels,coolingwatergravitytank.Thetop
partoftheconningtowercasingisabridge,usedascommandstationwhensurfacedand
asaplatformfortheMGC/30gun.
Page36
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
11
UboatInformation
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Specialstiffeners.
Thepartsofthetorpedotubesextendingbeyondthepressurehullaresupportedby
torpedotubebulkheadslocatedinsternandbowpartsoftheoutershell.Places
especiallyexposedtoloads(areaofdiveplanes,torpedoguidingplates,thewidestpartof
thehull,shaftsupport,anchorcapstanetc.)arebracedwithstringers,girdersandbeams.
7) Partitioningoftheoutershell.
Afterend:fromafttoFrame12.
Sternbuoyancytank
Floodedspace
Mainballasttank1
Freefloodedspace
Amidships:fromFrame19toFrame79.
Freefloodedspace
Mainballastandreservefueloiltank2stb.
Regulatingandreservefueloiltank1stb.
Regulatingandreservefueloiltank1port
Regulatingtank2stb.
Regulatingtank2port
Negativebuoyancytankstb.
Negativebuoyancytankport
Mainballastandreservefueloiltank4stb.
Freefloodedspace
Foreship:fromFrame92tobow
Mainballasttank5
Freefloodedspace
Bowbuoyancytank
Thechainlockerislocatedinmainballasttank5
Sternpost
Fr.10
Fr.9
Fr.+4/6
to
to
to
to
Fr.10
Fr9
Fr.+4/6
Fr.+12
Fr.+19
Fr.+24
Fr.+24
Fr.+34
Fr.+34
Fr.+38
Fr.+38
Fr.+44
Fr.+44
Fr.+46
Fr.+46
Fr.+75
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
Fr.+24
PH. Fr.+34
PH. Fr.+34
PH. Fr.+38
PH. Fr.+38
PH. Fr.+44
PH. Fr.+44
PH. Fr.+46
PH. Fr.+46
Fr.+75
Fr.+75
Fr.+79
Fr.+92
Fr.+106
Fr.+102
Fr.+101
to
to
to
to
PH.
PH.
PH.
PH.
PH.
PH.
PH.
PH.
Fr.+106
Bow
Fr.+113
Fr.+103
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page37
UboatInformation
III.DivingInstallations
III.DivingInstallations.
1) Tanksandfueloiltanks.
a) Mainballasttanks.
Threemainballasttanksareprovided,whichgivetheboatthebuoyancynecessary
forsurfacedcruise:mainballasttanks1and5arelocatedrespectivelyattheaft
andforwardendoftheoutershell,mainballasttank3islocatedinsidethepressure
hullunderthefloorofcontrolroom.Mainballasttanks1and5havefloodingslits
andoneventvalveeach.Theventvalveofmainballasttank5openstotheoutside
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b)
intheoppositedirectionfromalltheotherventvalves.Mainballasttank3is
sickleshaped,andisstrengthenedwithperforatedbulkheads.Ontheportandstb.
sidestherearethreerectangular,outwardopening,floodvalves,whichareoperated
bymeansoffourlinkagerodsfromthecontrolroom.Ventingofmainballasttank
3takesplacethroughtwoseparateportandstb.pressureprooftrunksneartheaft
partofcontrolroom,whicharethenledthroughtheportandstb.regulatingfueloil
tanksrespectively.Thesetrunksareprovidedwithventvalves,whichare
independentlyoperated.Intheareaofpassingthroughthepressurehull,thevent
trunksareprovidedwithtwoemergencyventvalves,whichareoperatedmanually
fromthecontrolroom.Theemergencyventvalvesareopenedinnormal
conditionsandareshutonlyincaseofdamagetotheventtrunks.
Mainballastandreservefueloiltanks.
Mainballastandreservefueloiltanks2and4portandstb.arelocatedintheouter
shell.Thefloodvalvesofthesetanksareoperatedfrominsidetheboatandopen
inwards.Ventingoftankstakesplacethroughventingtrunks.Trunksfromstb.
tank2andstb.tank4areledtoacommonventvalveatthestb.side.Thesame
arrangementismadefortheporttanks.
Page38
A.ShipInformation
UboatTypeVIIC
UboatInformation
c)
d)
Ventvalvesareoperatedfromthecontrolroom.Eachventtrunkalsohasan
emergencyventvalveinstalleddirectlyatthejointwiththetankoperatedfrom
inside.Theemergencyventvalvesareclosedincaseofdamagetotheventtrunks.
Aftereachemergencyventvalveagatevalveinstalled,whichshouldbeclosed,
whenthetanksarefilledwithfueloil.
Mainballastandreservefueloiltanks2portandstb.arealsofittedattheirafter
endswitharesidualairventinstallation.Therearetwocutoffvalvesinstalledat
thejointswiththetanksandtwoventvalvesportandstb.Bothventvalvesare
operatedmanuallyfromcontrolroombymeansoflinkagerods.
Sternandbowbuoyancytanks.
Theaftandforwardpartsofoutershellareconstructedassternandbowbuoyancy
tanksandareusedtodampenlongitudinalpitchingoftheboat.Bothtankshave
floodslitsandoneventvalveeach.
Regulatingtanks.
Tocompensateforchangesofweightcausedbyconsumptionofprovisions,fuel
oil,munitions,differentnumberofcrewandbuoyancychangesduetoleakage,
regulatingtanks2portandstb.areprovided.Theyarelocatedonbothsidesof
pressurehullnearthecontrolroomandarepressuretight.Theamountofwater
insidethetanksisreadablebymeansofwaterlevelindicatorsormeasurableby
meansofanairpressuregauge.Theregulatingtanksareconnectedtothedrainage
installationincontrolroomandcanbedrainedbymaindrainpump,auxiliarydrain
andtrimpumpaswellasbymeansofcompressedair.
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UboatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page39
UboatInformation
e)
f)
g)
Regulatingreservefueloiltanks.
Theregulatingreservefueloiltanks1portandstb.arealsolocatedoutsidethe
pressurehullbetweenmainballastandreservefueloiltanks2andtheregulating
tanks.Theyarepressuretightandhavethesamefloodanddrainabilityas
regulatingtanksexceptforblowingwithcompressedair.Theamountofthewater
insidethetanksismeasuredbymeansofairpressuregauge.Thetankscanbeused
eitherasregulatingtanksorfueloiltanks.Whenusedasfueloiltanks,theyare
connectedwithlowpressureairinstallation(throughpressurereducingvalveto0.5
at)andwithfueloildeliverylines.Thetanksarealsofittedwiththeirownventing
andsoundinglines.
Trimtanks.
Thepreviousconsiderationofsubmergedstability(thelongitudinalstabilityduring
cruiseisasgreatastransversestability)thatsaid,evenrelativelysmallchanges
inweightdisplacementinthelongitudinalaxiscausetrimchanges.Tocompensate
forchangesoftrimduringtorpedoandminelaunching,provisionconsumptionand
soon,thetrimminginstallationisprovided.Intheforwardandafttorpedorooms
therearetwotrimtanks,located41.6metersapart.Theyareconnectedbya
pipelinewithawatermeter,trimlinevalveandtrimcontroller.Trimmingtakes
placebymeansofcompressedairortheauxiliarydrainandtrimpump.
Negativebuoyancytanks.
Thenegativebuoyancytanksstb.andportarelocatedoutsidethepressurehull,
forwardoftheregulatingtanks.Theyareprovidedtoreducedivingtime.The
tanksareconstructedaspressureproof.Eachtankisfloodedbyafloodvalve
operatedfromcontrolroom.Tanksareventedinsidetheboatandblownbymeans
ofcompressedair.
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Page40
A.ShipInformation
UboatTypeVIIC
UboatInformation
Torpedocompensatingtanks.
Thetorpedocompensatingtanksacceptwaterforcompensatingtheweightof
atorpedoormineaswellasthesurroundingwater.Twotanksarelocatedin
forwardtorpedoroomandonetankislocatedinEmotorroom.
Eachtorpedocompensatingtankhasitsownsoundingpipe,canbefloodedwithsea
waterthroughawatermeterandisconnectedtothedrainageinstallation.Torpedo
compensatingtank2intheforwardtorpedoroomisalsoconnectedwithhandwash
waterpumpintheforwardW.C.
2)Blowinginstallation.
a) Compressedairblowing.
Themainballasttanksareblownwithcompressedaircontrolledfromtheblowing
distributor,whichislocatedonthestb.sideofthecontrolroom.Blowingtakes
placeuntiltheboathassufficientbuoyancytosafelyopentheconningtowerhatch.
Allblowinglinesareledinsidethepressurehullandatplaceswheretheypass
throughhulltotankstheyarefittedwithcutoffvalves.Thehighestpressureinthe
installationis25at.
b) Exhaustgasblowing.
Exhaustgasfromthedieselenginesisusedtoblowresidualwaterfromtheballast
tanks.Theexhaustgasesarefedthroughthemainblowingvalvesportandstb.to
theexhaustgasblowingmanifold.Themanifoldislocatedoutsidethepressure
hull,overthecontrolroom,onthestb.side.Linkagerodspassthroughthehullto
controlroom.
Theexhaustgaspressuremeasuredincontrolroomshouldbe0.5at.
3)Ventingandventvalves.
Allballasttanksandreservefueloilballasttanksaswellassternandbow
buoyancytanksarefittedwithventsthatareoperatedfrominsidethehullbymeans
oflinkage.
h)
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page41
UboatInformation
Forprotectionagainstforeignbodiesthetankventsarecasedwithsteelplatesand
wiredmesh.Theventvalvesofbowandsternbuoyancytanksareoperatedfrom
theforwardandafttorpedoroomrespectively.Theventsofmainballasttanksand
reservefueloilballasttanksareoperatedfromcontrolroom.Mainballasttank1
hasaventvalvewhichisoperatedbymeansofalinkagerodandhandwheel
locatedattheaftbulkheadofthecontrolroom.Mainballasttank3isvented
throughpressuredtrunksportandstb.,whichpassthroughregulatingtank2port
andstb.andleadtoventvalvechamberslocatedabovepressurehull.Thevalves
areoperatedfromcontrolroombymeansofhandlevers.
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Mainballastandreservefueloiltanks2and4portaswellasmainballastand
reservefueloiltanks2and4stb.haveonbothsidesventductsinstalledoutsidethe
pressurehull,whichleadtocommonventvalvechambersportandstb.
respectively.Thecommonventvalvesportandstb.areoperatedfromthecontrol
roombymeansofhandlevers.
Mainballastandreservefueloiltanks2portandstb.arealsoprovidedwitha
residualairventinstallation.Bothresidualairventvalvesareoperatedbyone
commonhandwheel.
Mainballasttank3,mainballastandreservefueloiltanks2portandstb.andmain
ballastandreservefueloiltanks4portandstb.alsohaveemergencyventvalves
installed,operatedfromcontrolroomandpettyofficersroomrespectively.
Afterfillingthereservefueloilballasttankswithfueloil,theventscanbesecured
byclosingthegatevalvesinstalledintheventandresidualairventtrunks.
Mainballasttank5hasaventvalve,whichisoperatedbymeansofalinkagerod
andhandwheellocatedattheforwardbulkheadofthecontrolroom.
4)Compressedairsystems.
a) Electricaircompressor.
Thecompressedairrequiredforblowingballasttanks,startingdieselengines,for
torpedolaunchinginstallation,anchorinstallationandsoon,isproducedbytwo
electric,4stageaircompressors,locatedintheafttorpedoroom.
Page42
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
UboatInformation
b)
Theirperformanceis6.1liters/minuteat205kg/cm.
Compressedairfromeachstageiscooleddowninacooler.Theaircoolerand
lubricatingoilcoolerarelocatedinonecaseoutsidethecompressor.The
compressoriscooledbyseawater.Thetwostagecoolingwaterpumpislocatedon
thecouplingsideofcompressorandisdrivenbymeansofhelicalgearsfromthe
crankshaft.Thegeartypelubricatingoilpumpislocatedonthefrontsideof
compressoratitsbaseplateandisdrivenfromthecrankshaftbymeansofgear
wheels.
Thecompressorisdrivenbyadirectcurrent,shuntelectricmotor,withstarting
compoundwindingoncommutatingpoles.Themotorissplashproofandself
cooledwithair.
Dieselaircompressor.
TypeVIICUboatssinceBoatNo.____areprovidedwithoneelectricair
compressorandonedieselaircompressor.
Thedieselaircompressorisahorizontal,doublepiston,twostrokedieselengine
withfreepistonswhicharedirectlycoupledwithafourstagecompressor.Its
performanceis8.5liters/minuteat205kg/cm.
Aftercompressiontheairfromeachstagepassesthroughacondenserforcooling.
Thecoolerforallfourstagesislocatedbeneaththecompressorinindividualcases.
Theairiscooledbymeansofseawater.Thecoolingwaterpump,rotaryvanetype,
drivenbyagearshaft,forcesthewaterinthefollowingorder:coolerIV,
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combustionchambercoolingjacket,compressorstageI,compressorstageIV,
coolerIII,compressorstageIII,compressorstageII,coolerI,coolerII.
Thelubricatingoilpump,drivenbymeansofaneccentricfromthegearshaft,
lubricatesallslidingparts.
ThecompressorisdrivenbytwostrokedieselenginemadebyJunkers,withtwo
opposedpistons,
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page43
UboatInformation
c)
whicharecoupledtogetherbymeansoftwosetsoftraverses,twogearrackswitha
gearedwheellocatedbetweenthem.Enginepistonscontrolintakeofair,whichis
compressedandexhausted.ThestageIcompressorpistonisconnectedwithleft
enginepiston,thestageIIcompressorpistonisconnectedwithrightenginepiston.
ThestageIVcompressorpistoniscoupledwiththeleftpistonrackandthestageIII
compressorpistoniscoupledwiththerightpistonrack.Thecompressorisstarted
bymeansofcompressedairadmittedtoparticularcompressorstagechambers.
Thecompressorcasingissplashproof.
Highpressurecompressedairflasks.
Compressedairisstoredin12highpressureairflaskswithtotalcapacityof3.900
m3.Eachflaskhascapacityof325litersandistestedatpressureof280at.The
flasksaregroupedin6banks(2flaskseach),whicharelocatedasfollows.
Bank1 Upperdeckaft,onbothsidesoftheaftexternaltorpedo
container
Bank2 Upperdeck,abovethedieselengineassemblypatch
Bank3 Pettyofficer'sroomportandstb.
Bank4 Forwardtorpedoroomtoport
Bank5 Forwardtorpedoroomtostb.
Bank6 Oneflaskinthebowbuoyancytank,oneflaskonthestb.side
forwardoftheexternaltorpedocontainer.
Theflasksaresmoothshapedandarelinedwithlead.Onbothendstheynarrow
intotheneck,cappedbymeansofflangeandcover.Todraintheflaskadrainage
pipeisprovidedinthedeepestpointofflask.Furthermore,theflasksareinclined4
degreesfromthehorizontal.
4) Compressedairequipment.
Thefollowingcompressedairequipmentisinstalled:
1.Highpressureequipment
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Page44
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
UboatInformation
2.Mediumpressureequipment
3.Lowpressureequipment
Particulardevicesaresuppliedwithpressureairfromhighairpressuredistributor,
lowairpressuredistributorandblowingdistributor.Forblowingregulatingtanks,
regulatingreservefueloiltanksandnegativebuoyancytanksoneormore
manifoldsareprovidedinthecontrolroom.
HighPressureAirDistributor.
Toblowingdistributor
FromHPairbank2
"""6
"""1
"""5
"""3
"""4
FromHPairfillingconnectiononupperdeck
ToBlowingmanifoldforregulatingtanksand
negativebuoyancytanks
10. TotorpedoHPairmanifoldaft
11. TotorpedoHPairmanifoldfwd.
12. FromHPaircompressors
13. TopressurereducingvalveLPairmanifold
14. ToLPairmanifold
15. Drainvalve
Valves27areprovidedasadjustableconestop
checkvalveswithpressuregauges.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page45
UboatInformation
BlowingDistributorforBallastTanks
1. Masterblowingvalveforballasttanks
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2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
IndividualblowvalveforMBT1
""""MBT5
""""MBT3stb.
""""MBT3port
""""MB/RFOT2stb.
""""MB/RFOT2port
""""MB/RFOT4stb.
""""MB/RFOT4port
Drainvalve
Toblowingdistributorforregulatingtanks,
regulatingandreservefueloiltanks,and
negativebuoyancytanks
Themasterblowingvalveandthevalvesformain
ballasttanks1and5areprovidedwithsharplytapered
seatsforfinecontrol.
LowPressureAirDistributor
1. RegulatingvalveLPairdistributor
2. Topressurereducingvalve
3. ToTyfonairwhistles
4. TotorpedoLPairmanifoldaft
5. TotorpedoLPairmanifoldforward
6. Topneumatictoolconnection
7. Tocompressedairclutchforforwardandaft
diveplanes
8. Toblowtrimtanks
9. Tocompressedairgauge
10. Toblowseaconnectionforflooding
regulatingtanksanddistillingunitintakes
11. Regulatingvalveforraisingdirectionfinding
antenna
12. Drainvalve
Page46
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
10
UboatInformation
Blowingdistributorsforregulatingtanks,regulatingandreservefueloiltanksandnegative
buoyancytanks
Forblowingregulatingtanks,regulatingandreservefueloiltanks,andnegativebuoyancytanksa
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blowingmanifoldisprovidedinthecontrolroom.Thesafetyvalvesforregulatingtanksand
regulatingandreservefueloiltanksaresetat13atandfornegativebuoyancytanksat10at.Each
regulatingtankhasapressuredifferentialgaugeinstalled.
(Regulating/RFOtanks)(Regulatingtanks)(Negativebuoyancytanks)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
5)Pumps.
Thefollowingpumpsarepartofthedivinginstallation:
a)maindrainpump
b)auxiliarydrainandtrimpump.
Themaindrainpumpisaselfpriming,switchable,twostage,centrifugaltype.Itis
builtfromtwoimpellers,whichcanbeconnectedeitherinserial(highpressure
lowperformance)orparallel(lowpressurehighperformance).
Itsperformanceatpressureheadof15metersH2Oinparallelmodeis1300
liters/minuteandatpressureheadof105metersH2Oinserialmodeis500
liters/minuteatRPM=2600.
Regulatingvalveregulatingtanks,regulatingandreservefueloiltanks,andnegative
buoyancytanks
Blowvalvesforregulatingtanks,regulatingandreservefueloiltanks,stb.andport
Hullvalvenegativebuoyancytanksstb.andport(stopcheckvalve)
Drainvalve
Toblowingdistributorformainballasttanks
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page47
UboatInformation
11
Thepumpisdrivenbyanelectricmotorandisusedtodrainlargequantitiesof
waterfromregulatingtanks,regulatingandreservefueloiltanks,torpedo
compensatingtanksandfromroomsduringflooding.Whendrainingfromthe
forwardandaftpartsoftheboat,pumpperformanceisreducedduetoflow
resistanceinpipelines(seeparagraphIX3d).
Theauxiliarydrainandtrimpumpisadoubleacting,twocylinder,pistontype.
Thepumpisdrivenbyanelectricmotorbuiltabovebymeansofwormgearwitha
verticalwormshaft.
Itsperformanceis358liters/minuteatRPM=115.Themaximumoperating
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pressureis10at.Thepumpisusedtodrainsmallquantitiesofwaterfrom
regulatingtanks,regulatingreservefueloiltanks,torpedocompensatingtanks,
bilgesandfortrimming.Boththemaindrainpumpandtheauxiliarydrainpump
havethecapabilityofpumpingwaterouttomainballasttank3.
6)Diveplanes.
Forcontrollingdepththerearetwosetsofdiveplanes,aftlocateddirectlyafterthe
propellersandforwardlocatedlaterallybelowthetorpedotubes.Bothsetofdive
planesareprotectedwithframes,theaftedgeoftheforwardplanesalsowithguy
wires.Diveplanesaredriveneitherelectricallyormanually.Thediveplanes
stationforelectricandmanualcontrolaswellasforoperatingthecompressedair
pistonsofthediveplaneclutchesarelocatedinthecontrolroom.
Page48
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
IV.Armament
UboatInformation
IV.Armament.
1)Torpedoesandmines.
a) Torpedotubes.
Theboatisequippedwith4forwardandoneaftertorpedotubes,whosediameteris
553.6mmandwhoselengthis7552mm.2/3ofthelengthofthese5tubesis
locatedoutsidethepressurehullandtheyaresupportedbytheendsofpressurehull
andbytorpedotubebulkheadsinthebowandaftpartsofoutershell.Torpedo
launchtakesplacebymeansofcompressedair.
Thetubesconsistofforward,middleandaftsections,joinedtogetherbymeansof
flangesandbolts.Theforwardpartisclosedwithanouterdoor,whichopensona
verticalaxistowardsamidships.Thebreechdoorlocatedattheinnerendoftubeis
closedandsecuredbymeansofalockingring.Theinterlockmechanismbetween
thebreechandouterdooroperatinggearspreventssimultaneousopening.
Thefollowinginstallationspassthroughthepressurehull:
Outerdooroperatingshafts,
Floodanddrainageinstallations,
Ventinginstallationfortheforwardpartsoftubes,
Compressedairinstallationfortheminestopboltactuator.
Thetubesareprovidedwithgearsforsettingthedesireddepth,speedandgyro
angleofaloadedtorpedoduringattackapproach.Theairimpulsetankcapacityis
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220litersandisusedtoprovidecompressedairfortorpedolaunch.Duringtorpedo
launch,thefiringrodgearretractsthetorpedostopboltandadmitsairintothetube.
Toavoidtheappearanceofairbubbles,whichcouldbetraytheboatsposition,a
suppressorisprovided.
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page49
UboatInformation
IV.Armament
Distancesbetweentubeaxes.
ForwardtorpedotubesAfttorpedotube
b)
c)
Installationformineejection.
All5tubesareadaptedformineejectioninadditiontotorpedolaunching.
Stowage.
Thelargestpayloadoftorpedoesandminescanbearrangedasfollows:
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Page50
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
IV.Armament
UboatInformation
Payload
Case1
5G7a
9G7e
Case2
3G7a
2G7e
21TMB
Case3
3G7a
2G7e
14TMA
Case4
2G7a
1G7e
24TMB
Case5
3G7a
1G7e
16TMA
Intorpedotubes
Inreservestowage
Indeckcontainers
fwd.
aft
fwd.
aft
fwd.
aft
2
2
2
6
2
4
1
9
1
6
Inauxiliary
stowage
fwd.
2
1
12
12
Cases15arefeasibledowntoseawaterdensity(1.003)withoutadditionalchangesintrim
andweightoftheboat.
G7acanbestoredinallplacesexceptauxiliarystowage,becausetheretheengine
chamberwouldbepositionedatthesupportpoint.
G7ecannotbestoredinbothdeckcontainersandinaftreservestowagebecause
accessformaintenanceisinsufficient.
TMAandTMBcannotbestoredin:bothdeckcontainers,auxiliarystowageunder
forwardtorpedoroomfloorandinaftreservestowage.Theselocationsare
intendedonlyfortorpedoes,andsettheminimalnumberoftorpedoesthatcouldbe
carriedintheforwardtorpedoroom.Minescannotbestoredintheafttorpedo
roombecauseofdangerfromelectricfields,thereforeTMAandTMBminesshould
beloadedintotheafttorpedotubeonlywhentheelectricmotorsaredisengaged.
Case3with14TMAcorrespondstocase2with21TMB.Case5,with16TMA,
allowsonemoretorpedotobecarriedthancase4with24TMB.
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UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page51
UboatInformation
IV.Armament
d)
e)
Securedstoragefortorpedomunitions(9contactpistolsand10torpedofuses)
isprovidedintheforwardtorpedoroom.
Torpedoloadingequipment.
Torpedoescanbeloadedfromlandorfromshipsbymeansofaportorship
crane,orfromthewaterbymeansofaportablecrane.Thiscranecanbe
mountedontheforwardupperdeckonportside,or,ontheafterdeckoneither
theportorstarboardsideofgalleyhatch.
Totransporttorpedoesintotheboat,achuteisinstalledsupportingbeamsare
usedtoassurepropermotionofthetorpedodespiterollingoftheboat.
Torpedoesarepulleddownbymeansofwindlasses,whichareinstalledeither
ontheconningtowerornearthegalleyhatch.
Transportsplintswithgearracksareinstalledintheboat.Eachsplintishung
bymeansoftwohoistsandthreeholdinglugs.Thesplintisequippedwith
twotrolleys.Thetorpedoisattachedtothesetrolleysbymeansofsteel
bands.Thetorpedoismovedlongitudinallybymeansoftheafttrolley,which
isequippedwithgearrackandcrankarm.Twotransversesplintsareprovided
forlateralmovements.
Minesareloadedusingthesameequipment.
Torpedofirecontrolsystem.
TorpedoDirectionComputinginstallation
Thetorpedodirectioncomputinginstallationisintendedtocalculatethegyro
anglebasedonestimatedandmeasuredvaluesandtotransmitittotorpedo
tubeelectrically(singleorsalvoshotwithoutturningtheboat).
Consistsofthefollowingparts:
Onthebridge:
Surfacesightwithtargetbearing
transmitterandpedestal
Page52
A.ShipInformation
UboatTypeVIIC
IV.Armament
UboatInformation
Intheconningtower
Incontrolroom
1
1
Torpedodatacomputer
Targetbearingtransmitter1(for
attackperiscope)
1 Terminalbox(forsurfacesight)
1 Fuzebox
Uboatcouplingandtransmitting
equipment
1 Targetbearingtransmitter2(for
airsearchperiscope)
1 Switchbox
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1
2
1
Inforwardtorpedoroom
Inafttorpedoroom
1
1
Blueswitch
Fuzebox
Mainswitchbox(withstarter
andregulatorforrotaryconverter
andtorpedogyrosettinggears
andfusesfortorpedofirecontrol
system)
Torpedogyroanglereceiver
55VACrotaryamplifierforthe
gyroanglesettinggear
Firingdatafromtheconningtowerandcontrolroomaretransmitted
electricallytotorpedogyroanglereceivers.Intheforwardandafttorpedo
roomsthegyroangleofthetorpedocanbesetelectricallyormanuallyby
meansofgyrosettinggears.
ThisinstallationispoweredwithACvoltagefromauxiliaryswitchboard1
throughrotaryconverterlocatedinafttorpedoroom(theservomotorsare
poweredfromauxiliaryswitchboard2).
Thetransmitterofthetorpedoorderindicatorsystemlocatedintheconning
towerprovidestransferenceoforders(floodtorpedotubes,openouter
doors,gettubesreadyandsoon)fromtheconningtowertoorder
receiversintheforwardandafttorpedorooms.
Torpedofiringinstallation.
Thefiringinstallationprovideselectricalfiringfromthebridgeandfromthe
conningtowerinadditiontomechanicallaunchingatthetube.
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page53
UboatInformation
IV.Armament
Consistsoffollowingparts:
Onthebridge:
Intheconningtower:
Inthecontrolroom:
Intheforwardtorpedoroom:
Intheafttorpedoroom:
Pressureresistantfiringswitch
1 Firingswitch
1 Lampboardforthefivetubes
1 Terminalbox(forfiringswitches)
Switchboxwith
Selectorswitchforbridgeorconningtower
Selectorforsingleshot
Selectorforsalvoshot
Salvointervaltimer
Fuzebox
1 Tubedistributorbox
1 Readylampbox
4 Firingelectromagnetswithautomatic
cutoffswitches
2 Torpedochargingunits
Thesalvointervaltimerlaunchesthetorpedoeswhensalvoisselectedatpredefined
timeintervals.Inthecaseoffailureoftheelectricalfiringsystem,theflashingof
correspondinglampsindicatesthetimedelayformechanicallaunch.
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Thefiringinstallationispoweredwith110DCvoltagefromauxiliaryswitchboard2.
TorpedoOrderIndicatingSystem.
Intheconningtower:
Inthecontrolroom:
Intheforwardtorpedoroom:
Intheafttorpedoroom:
f)
Opticalandacousticordertransmitter
Acousticordertransmitter
Opticalandacousticorderreceiver
Opticalandacousticorderreceiver
Weightcompensationduringtorpedofiringandmineejecting.
Todrainwaterfromtubesandtocompensatefortheweightoflaunchedtorpedoes
twotorpedocompensatingtanksareprovidedintheforwardtorpedoroomandone
torpedocompensatingtankintheafttorpedoroom.Tanksareconnectedtothedrain
installationandareequippedwithventingandsoundingpipes.Theforwardtanks
arefloodedthroughahullvalveontheportsideofhull.
Page54
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
IV.Armament
UboatInformation
Thetankinafttorpedoroomisfloodedfromtheintakeforthecoolingwaterpump.
ForcapacitiesoftorpedocompensatingtanksseeparagraphAI2d.
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UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page55
UboatInformation
IV.Armament
WeightandBalancefortorpedoes
Torpedo
Types
Torpedo
kg
weight
Torpedo
liters
displacement
Volumeto
liters
floodtube
Positive
kg
and
buoyancy
Trim
moment
mkg
forwardshot
Trim
momentaft mkg
shot
G.7a G.7a G.7a

Model Model Drill
Combat 60at
G.7a G.7a G.7a G.7a G.7e G.7e G.7e

Drill Drill Drill Combat Model Drill Combat
100at 130at 200at 200at Combat
1245.5 1540.5
1406
1438
1462
1518
1528
1573.5
1279
1606
1310.5 1310.5
1254
1254
1254
1254
1254
1310.5
1306
1306
370
426
426
426
426
426
370
374
374
230
152
184
208
264
274
263
27
300
+1661 5879
3885
4703
5316
6748
7003
5741
+692
7689
1720 +6086 +4022 +4869 +5504 +6985 +7250 +5977
716
+7959
370
65
TocalculatetrimmomentthedistancebetweenboatandtorpedoG7aorG7egravitycenteristaken
asmomentarm.
WeightandBalanceformines
Minetypes
T.M.A.
T.M.B.
T.M.B.Ex.
Totalweight(CaseandAnchor)
Minedisplacement
Surroundingwater1mine
Surroundingwater2mines
Surroundingwater3mines
Buoyancy
Trimmomentforwardeject
Trimmomentafteject
kg
liters
liters
liters
liters
kg
mkg
mkg
806
585
1095
510
221
5547
+5746
742
470
1210
740
270
272
6827
+7072
740
459
1221
762
303
281
7053
+7306
Page56
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
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UboatInformation
2)Gunnery.
a) Weapons.
8.8cmGun(S.K.C/35).
Thegunisinstalledondeckforwardoftheconningtowernearhullframe54.The
gunmountingispyramidshapedandisstrengthenedbylongitudinalandtransverse
supportingbeams.
Theupperdeckiswidenedtoabout3800mmintheareaofgunmounting.
M.G.C30.
TheM.G.C30gunisinstalledontheaftpartofconningtowercasing.Thebaseis
formedasacylindricalcolumnattachedtopressurehull,strengthenedwith4knee
sheets.
b) Ammunition.
Totalamountofammunitionthatcanbecarried:
8.8cmmunitions:205roundsHEshellC/35
MGC/30munitions:1500rounds
OftheseinmunitionsmagazineinofficersroombetweenFrames5053:
177rounds8,8cmHEshellC/35
1200roundsMGC/30
ReadyuseammunitionfortheS.K.C/35isstoredinpressureproofcanisters[one
shelltoacanisterplacedinarack]intheupperdeckjustaftofandoutsidethe
operatingcircletobothsidesoftheconningtower:
28rounds8.8cmHEshellC/35
3ammoclipswith20roundseacharestoredintheconningtower.
Themunitionsmagazineinofficersroomisconnectedtothefloodinganddrainage
installation.
3)Mineanddemolitionequipment.
ForTMAandTMBminesstowageseeparagraphIV1c.
Additionaldemolitionequipmentincludes:
2boxeswith4demolitionchargeseach[forselfdestruction]
IV.Armament
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page57
UboatInformation
IV.Armament
10
2boxeswith12demolitionslabseach[generalpurposeexplosivesina
rectangularmetalcasewithopeningstoinserttheslowmatchfusewithdetonator]
2boxeswith12timefuseseach
Fuse(slowmatch)withmanualignitionanddetonator.
Explosivesarestoredinafloodablemagazineinthecontrolroom.
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4)Smallarms.
Intheboatarestored:
1MG34machinegun
2submachineguns
6Mauserpistols7.65mm
3bayonets84/98withbodybeltsand2ammunitionpouches
1flaregun(singlebarreled)
1flaregun(doublebarreled)
Theammunitionallocationisasfollows:
3000roundsforsubmachineguns
860roundsforpistols
180roundsforflareguns(starsignals)
200roundsforflareguns(recognitionsignals)
Ammunitionforsmallarmsisstoredinamunitionsmagazineintheofficersroom.
Page58
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
V.Communications
UboatInformation
V.Communications.
1)Visualandacousticequipment.
a) Visualequipment:
Largesearchlightandsmallsignalsearchlight
Aldislamp
Runninglights
Signalandsemaphoreflags
Starsignalpistol
Flares.
The24Vsearchlightispoweredfromthetransformerlocatedincontrolroomfromthe
TDCconverterinstalledinafttorpedoroom.
Watertightswitchesandoutletsareinstalledintheconningtower.
The24Vsignalsearchlightispoweredinthesameway.Thewatertightandpressure
resistantoutletisinstalledonthebridge,onemorewatertightoutletisinstalledinthe
conningtower.Switchesforbothoutletsarelocatedintheconningtower.
Thefollowingrunninglightsareinstalled:steaming,sideandsternlights.These
lightsarecontrolledbymeansofswitchlocatedinconningtower.Bothsternlightsare
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providedwithadimmingresistorinconningtowerwithacontrolswitchandindicator
lamp.
Topowerthesteaminglightawatertightandpressureresistantoutletonthebridgeand
awatertightoutletintheconningtowerareprovided.
Theflaresandflarelighterarestoredinacaninthecontrolroom.
b) Acousticequipment:
Tyfoneairwhistle
Ship'sbell.
Thetyfoneairwhistlecanbeoperatedfromconningtowerandfromthebridge.
Theship'sbellcanbemountedonthebridgerailing,whendivingitwasstoredinside
theboat.
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page59
UboatInformation
V.Communications
2)Electroniccommunicationsequipment.
a) Radioinstallation.
Theradioinstallationconsistsofshortandlongwaveequipmentandanauxiliary
directionfindingreceiver.
Theshortwaveequipmentconsistsofatransmitter(outputpower200W,frequency
range375015000kHzandwavelength8020meters)anda6stagereceiver(1500
25000kHz,wavelength20012meters).
Thetransmitterconsistsofthreestages,withcontinuouslyvariablefrequency.The
controlstageisdividedinto10separateranges,whichareoverlapping.The
transmittercanbeswitchedintotonelessorsoundingtelegraphymode.
Thefollowingvoltagesareneededforoperation:
1500VDCforpoweringvacuumtubeanodesintheoutputstage
400VDCforpoweringvacuumtubeanodesinthebufferstageandthrougha
voltagedivider:
a)screengridsofvacuumtubesinthebufferstageand,
b)screengridsofvacuumtubesintheoutputstage,bywhichoutput
powercontrolispossibleintherangeof2200W.
280V100HzAC
a)afterpreviousrequiredtransformationforheatingthecathodesoftubes
inallstagesand,
b)afterpreviousrectificationasacutoffandbiasingvoltageinthe
controlandoutputstages(from110to300V),
c)forpoweringthekeyrelay(24V).
Thereceiverisafivetube,sixstagelargeshipreceiver.Thefrequencyrangeis
dividedinto8separateranges,whichareoverlapping.Thereceiverrequires
followingpowersupplies:
a)200VDCforpoweringvacuumtubeanodes,
b)4VDCforheatingthecathodesofvacuumtubesand,
c)1.5VDCforcutoffvoltageforalltubes.
Thelongwaveequipmentconsistsofatransmitter(outputpower150W,frequency
range300600kHz,wavelength1000500meters)andadirectionfindingreceiver
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usedaslongwavereceiver.
Page60
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
V.Communications
UboatInformation
(fordetailsseedirectionfindinginstallation).
Thetransmitterconsistsoftwostages,withcontinuouslyvariablefrequency.Unlike
theshortwavetransmitter,theoutputstagewithantennacircuitisseparatedinits
owncasefromthemaintransmittercasing.
Thefollowingvoltagesareneededforoperation:
1500VDCforpoweringvacuumtubeanodesinoutputstage
400VDCforpoweringvacuumtubeanodesincontrolstageandthrough
voltagedividerscreengridsofvacuumtubesinoutputstage,bywhichoutputpower
controlispossible.
280VACafterpreviousrequiredtransformationforheatingthecathodesof
tubesinallstagesandafterprevioustransformationandrectificationasacutoffand
biasingvoltageincontrolandoutputstages.
Bothtransmitterscanbeconnectedwithcommoncontrolunitbymeansofaselector
switchonthetransmitterswitchboard.Thisunitprovidesatelegraphkey,output
powercontrol,volumecontrolandoperationmode(toneless,soundingtelegraphy)
selection.
Thedirectionfindinginstallationisusedtoobtainrelativebearingsformradio
beaconsandinthiswaytogetownlocation.Itconsistsofadirectionfinding
receiverandpressureresistantandwatertightloopantenna.
Thedirectionfindingreceiverhastwooperationalranges:frequency:100075kHz,
wavelength:3004000metersandfrequency:2515kHz,wavelength:1200020000
meters.Thesearedividedinto7separatesubranges.Duetotheirgooddirection
andreceivingpropertiesthelongestwaves(1200020000meters)areespecially
suitableforreceivingwhilesubmerged.
Thededicatedpowersuppliersuppliesfollowingvoltagesneededforthereceiver:
a)4VDCforheatingthecathodesofvacuumtubes
b)60VDCforpoweringthevacuumtubeanodes.
Theloopantennainstallationconsistsofthedirectionalloop,rotatingshaft,clutch
casing,manualdriveforrotatingtheshaftandinstallationforrisingandloweringthe
antenna.Raisingandloweringtakesplacebymeansofcompressedair,controlled
bythreewaycock.Rotationofthedirectionalloopisdonewithadirectionalwheel
intheradioroom.
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page61
UboatInformation
V.Communications
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b)
c)
Broadcastandannouncementsystem:
Thesystemconsistsof:1broadcastradioreceiver,1recordplayerwithamplifier,10
fixedmountedspeakersand6microphones.
Thebroadcastselectionswitchenablesconnectingeithertheradioreceiverorthe
recordplayertothebroadcastsystemamplifier.
Thearrangementofspeakersandmicrophonesisasfollows:
Afttorpedoroom:
Emotorroom:
Dieselengineroom:
Pettyofficersroom:
Controlroom:
Conningtower:
Officersroom:
Chiefpettyofficersroom:
Forwardtorpedoroom:
Radioroom:
Speaker
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
Controlspeaker
Microphone
"
"
2"
"
"
Thespeakerscombinedwithmicrophonesareusedforpassingorders.
Broadcastradioreceiver,recordplayerandamplifierarepoweredby220VAC.
Ultrashortwaveportabletransmitterandreceiver:
Thedeviceisaportabletransmitterandreceiverwithfollowingoperatingmodes:
tonelessandsoundingtelegraphy,telephonyandbroadcastreceiving.Itisusedfor
passingordersandcommunicationwithinvisualrange.
Transmitter,receiver,accumulator,drybatteries,headphones,telegraphkeyand
telescopingantennaarehostedinanarmouredwoodencase.
Thedeviceoutputpoweris0.6W,frequencyrange41.6745.15MHz,wavelength
7.26.5meters.Thisrangeisdividedonthetransmitterandreceiverscaleinto10
channels(918).
Theaccumulatordelivers2Vpowerforheatingthecathodesoftransmitterand
receivervacuumtubes,whilethedrybatteries
Page62
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
V.Communications
UboatInformation
connectedinseriesdeliver120Vvoltageforpoweringthevacuumtubeanodesand
about3Vpowerforcutoffvoltage.
Whenoperatingontheboat,therodaerialinstalledonthepennantmastheadisused.
Whenoperatingonland,atelescopingantennaattachedtoarmouredwoodencaseis
used.
Backupradioequipment.
Incaseofdamagetotheshortwaveequipmenttheauxiliaryradiointhelistening
roomisprovided.Itconsistsofatransmitter(outputpower40W,frequencyrange
300016670kHz,wavelength10018meters)andanallwavereceiver(1520000
kHz,wavelength2000015meters).Thetransmitterandreceiverareconnectedtoa
commoncontrolpanel.
Thetransmitterisdesignedastwostage,longrangedevice.Thefrequencyrangeis
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d)
dividedintothreeseparatesubranges.Itprovidesonlytonelesstelegraphy
operatingmode.
Thededicatedpowersupply,poweredby220VAC,suppliesfollowingvoltages
neededbythetransmitter:
390VDCforpoweringtheanodesofvacuumtubesinthecontrolstage
600V''''''''outputstage
12.6VACforheatingthecathodesofallvacuumtubes
110Vand195VDCforpoweringthescreengridsofvacuumtubes
210Vand190VDCascutoffvoltage
Theallwavereceiverisatwostage,fourvacuumtubedeviceandisdedicatedto
receivingalltypesofmodulation.Thefrequencyrangeisdividedinto10sub
ranges.
Thededicatedpowersuppliersuppliesfollowingvoltagesneededbyreceiver:
100VDCforpoweringtheanodesofvacuumtubes
4Vforheatingthecathodesofallvacuumtubes
3and1.5Vasacutoffvoltage.
Aerialinstallation:
Thejumpingwires[netdeflectors]areusedastransmitandreceivingaerials.The
wiresareseparatedfromhullbymeansofcoconutinsulators.Twoaerialselector
panelsintheradioroomallowplugginginthetransmitterorreceivertotheforward
oraftjumpingwires.Theaerialfeedlinesareledinpressureproofandwater
resistantshafts.
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page63
UboatInformation
V.Communications
e)
f)
Radioconverterinstallation:
Theinstallationconsistsof1transmitterconverterand3receiverconverters.
Thetransmitterconverterprovidesfollowingvoltages:
1500VDC0.3A,400VDC0.3A,280VAC1A.
Thefollowingreceiverconverterscanbeused:
16kVAconverterforpoweringallreceivers,activesonar,passivesonaror
11.5kVAconverterforpoweringreceiverandpassivesonaror
10.3kVAconverterforpoweringonlytworeceivers.
UT[UnderwaterTelegraphy]installation(sound).
TheUTinstallationisusedtocommunicateduringsubmergedandsurfacedcruise.
Theinstallationconsistsof2x2soundtransmittersand2x2soundreceivers,which
arelocatedontheportandstb.side,nearmainballasttank5underthewaterline,the
UTconverterwithautomaticandmanualstarter,theswitchboard,theamplifier,
headphones,andtelegraphykey.
Thetransmittersandreceiversoneachsideareinstalledinapressureresistantcable
box.Fromthere,throughpressureresistantcabletrunks,theconnectingcableslead
intotheboat.
TheDCAC,soundfrequency,singlephaseconvertersupplies120VACcontrolled
bythetelegraphykey,throughtheswitchboardtopowerthetransmitters.Incoming
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g)
soundwavesarepassedfromthereceiversthroughtheamplifiertotheheadphones.
G.H.G.[Grupenhorchgert=GroupListeningApparatuspassivesonar]
installation.
TheG.H.G.installationisusedtoobtainthebearingofsurfaceorsubmergedvessels.
Theinstallationconsistsof24soundreceiverseachonthestb.andportsides,located
belowthewaterline,nearmainballasttank5,eachwithapreamplifier,thepower
supply,thecompensatorand
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V.Communications
UboatInformation
thebearingunitwithbearingscale.Eachsetof8receiversisconnectedthrough
pressureresistanttrunkswithconnectionboxes,sothat,6pressurehullpass
throughsareneededforall48receivers.Theconnectingboxesarelocatednearthe
hullpassthroughs,directlyundertheupperdeckforwardtorpedocontainer.The
installationispoweredby220VACfromtheradioreceiverconverter.
K.D.B.[Kristalbasisgert=CrystalRotatingBaseApparatuspassivesonar]
h)
equipment.
TheinstallationhasthesamefunctionastheG.H.G.Itconsistsofcrystalreceivers
onarotatablemount,theshaft,theamplifierandbearingscale.Theinstallationis
locatedbetweentheforwardtorpedotubes.Theshaftpassesthroughthepressure
hullforwardoftheanchorcapstan.Therotatablemountrises40cmabovetheupper
deck.TheinstallationispoweredinthesamewayastheG.H.G.
3)Powersupplyforelectroniccommunicationsequipment.
Thepowersupplylinefortheelectronicequipmentbranchesfromauxiliary
switchboard1intheEmotorroomandleadstoauxiliaryswitchboard1A(radio
regulatingswitchboard)intheEmotorroomandtotheradioswitchboardinthe
radioandthelisteningrooms.
Fromauxiliaryswitchboard1(regulatedpart)mainbus(110V)alinegoestothe
radioswitchboard110Vbus.Thefollowinginstallationsandequipmentare
poweredfromthisbus:
Transmitterswitchboard,
Underwatertelegraphyinstallation,
Echodepthsounder,
Auxiliarytransmitterandreceivercontrolpanel.
Fromauxiliaryswitchboard1(unregulatedpart)mainbusalinegoesthroughthe
auxiliaryswitchboard1Atothetopbus(110V)oftheradioswitchboard.The
followingdevicesareconnectedtothisbus:
6kVArotaryconverter
1.5kVA''''
0.3kVA''''
These3converterspowerthe220VACbus.
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UboatInformation
V.Communications
BusI,whichcanbepoweredonlybythe6kVAconverter,branchestothefollowing
installations:
Activesonar
Auxiliarytransmitter
Underwatertelegraphyinstallation
Allwavereceiver
Preheatingofthetransmitterswitchboard
BusII,whichcanbepoweredbyallthreeconverters,branchesto:
GroupListeningApparatus(G.H.G.)
RotatingHydrophoneApparatus(K.D.B.)
Depthsounder
Shortwavereceiver
Directionfinderreceiver
Broadcastreceiverwithrecordplayer
Soundamplifier
Codingmachine(throughtransformer220/4AC)
Electricaloutlets
Thetransmitterswitchboardispowered(110VDCand220VAC)fromtheradio
switchboard(seeabove).Bymeansofthetransmitterrotaryconverter(1.2kW)the
110VDCcurrentisconvertedinto1500Vand400VDCand280VAC(double
armatureconverterwithcollectorrings).Thefollowingdevicesarepoweredfrom
thetransmitterswitchboard:
Shortwavetransmitter
1500VDC
400VDC
280VAC
Longwavetransmitter
1500VDC
400VDC
280VAC
Controlunitforshortandlongwavetransmitters
Outputstageforlongwavetransmitter
Ultrashortwaveportabletransmitterandreceiverarepoweredby:
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A2Vbatteryisusedtoheatingthecathodesofvacuumtubes,forpoweringthe
microphoneandfortemperaturecompensationofcapacitors.Two90Vbatteries
powerthetubes,screengridsandforcutoffvoltage.
4)Antennas.
Theshipisequippedwithfollowingaerialsystems:
Forwardjumpingwire[netdeflector]
Aftjumpingwires.
Allthreejumpingwirescanbeusedastransmitterandreceiveraerialsfor
shortandlongwaveandbroadcastradioequipment.
Rodaerial.
Therodaerialisusedastransmitteraerialforshortandlongwave
equipmentwhensubmerged(atperiscopedepth).
Loopaerial.
Theloopaerialisusedasareceiveraerialfordirectionfinderreceiver.(to
obtainpositionofownboatsothershipsandaircraft)
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Page67
VI.SteeringGearSystemandAnchorInstallation 1
VI.SteeringGearSystemandAnchorInstallation.
1)SteeringSystem.
a) General.
Therudderinstallationincludesthefollowing:
Twoidenticalmainrudderplanesparalleltoeachother,
Forwarddiveplanes,
Afterdiveplanes,
Planedrive,
Steeringstations,
Steeringlines.
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Steeringplaneconstruction:
Tokeepthedrivingforcelow,allsteeringplanesarebuiltasdisplacement,balanced
rudders.Theyaremadefromwatertightplatingonbothsides,withstiffeners
providedbetweentheplates.Thespacesbetweenplatesarefilledwithtarredwood.
Steeringplaneprotection:
Askegisprovidedtoprotectthemainrudder,especiallyfromhittingthebottom,
fromwhichtwoarmsleadtobothruddersandareattachedtotherudderpins.To
prevententanglementwithnavalminewiresandantisubmarinenetsalllinkagesare
madesmoothandallfacesarerounded.
Theouteredgesofdiveplanesareprotectedagainstnavalminewires.
Toavoidcorrosion(galvaniccurrentbetweenbronzeandsteelinseawater)all
steeringplanesareprovidedwithzincprotectionplates.
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UBoatTypeVIIC
b)
Mainrudderinstallation.
Themainrudderistwintypeandcanbeeitherelectricallyormanuallydriven.
Themainrudderisdrivenbymeansofverticalintermediateshaft,whichpasses
throughthepressurehullbetweenframes1and2andwhichisdrivenbywormgear.
Theshaftbearingisinstalledatthepressurehullandisretightenedfrominsidebya
stuffingbox.
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Totopoftheintermediateshaft(intheupperdeck)isattachedtoadoublearm,which
isconnectedbymeansoftwolongconnectingrodswithtwo,centerfacing,main
rudderarms.Eachmainrudderhasanareaof2.75m.Theruddermaximum
deflectionis33whenelectricallydrivenand35whenmanuallydriven.
Ruderbltter
Festerwinkel
DrehpunktdesRuderblattes
Hauptruderhebel
Schubstange
SenkrechteZwischenwelle
Doppelhebel
Rudderplanes
Fixedangle
Pivotpointofrudderplanes
Mainrudderarm
Connectingrod
Verticalintermediateshaft
Doublearm
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VI.SteeringGearSystemandAnchorInstallation 3
c)
Themaximumdeflectionofthemainrudderandforwardandaftdiveplanesis
limitedelectricallybymeansofalimitswitchandmechanicallybymeansof
mechanicallimitstop.
Diveplanesinstallation.
Theforwardandaftdiveplanesaremountedoncommonshafts.Themaximum
deflectionoftheforwardplanesis30upand30down,fortheaftplanes25up
and35down.Thespindledrivenbyanelectricmotormovesthepushingrodeither
inoroutandthroughtheconnectionwiththeruddershaftleverdeflectsthedive
planes.Theaftdiveplaneseachhaveanareaof2.25m,eachofthetheforward
diveplanesareais2.4m.
2)Anchorinstallation.
Theanchorinstallationconsistsof:
Anchor,anchorchain,
Chainstopper,chaintrippingdevice,
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Anchorwindlassandcapstan.
TheboatisfittedwithHallstocklesstypeanchorandchainoflength150meters.
Theanchorweightis400kgandchainweightis1676kg.Thechainconsistsof6
partseach25meterslongconnectedbymeansofshackles.
MotormitGetriebe
Drucklager
Kupplung
FhrungsstangemitGewinde
Stopfbuchsen
Kreuzkopf
Druckkorper
Lenkstange
RuderwellemitHebel
Electricmotorwithgearbox
Thrustbearing
Clutch
Threadedguiderod
Stuffingboxes
Limitslider
Pressurehull
Pushingrod
Ruddershaftwithlever
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UBoatTypeVIIC
Tokeeptheanchorchainstillwhenanchorwindlassisnotdriven,achainstopperis
installedattheupperdeck,whichisoperatedfrominsidetheboatbymeansof
linkageandahandle.
Theanchorchainlockerislocatedwithinmainballasttank5.
Thecapstanraisestheloweredanchorataspeedof10meters/minuteandheavesthe
chainataspeedof20meters/minute.Theoutputpowerofthecompressedairmotor
is19Hpat740RPMand3.5at.Themotorcanbeoperatedandreversedfromthe
forecastleandfrominsidetheboat.Thecapstanisdrivenbyacompressedairmotor
throughdoubleconewormgear.Afterdoubleconewormgearandhorizontal
intermediateshaftthedrivebranchestotheanchorwindlass.Moreover,manual
driveispossiblebymeansofaremovablecapstanhead.
Thelengthofexpendedanchorchainisobservedbymeansofanindicatingdevice
frominsidetheboataswellasfromtheupperdeck.
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UboatInformation
VII.EquipmentandInstallationsforNavigation
VII.EquipmentandInstallationsforNavigation.
1)Shipcontrol.
Astheshipcontrolstationareused:
Thebridge
Conningtower
Controlroom
Thefollowinginstallationsareavailable:
Mainruddercontrolstationonthebridge,intheconningtowerandinthecontrol
room,
Diveplanescontrolstationinthecontrolroom,
Engineordertelegraphintheconningtowerandinthecontrolroom,
Gyrocompassrepeateronthebridge(pressureproof),intheconningtowerandin
thecontrolroom,
Mainrudderangleindicatoronthebridge(pressureproof),intheconningtowerand
inthecontrolroom,
Alarmbellactivatingswitchesintheconningtowerandcontrolroom,
Periscopesintheconningtowerandinthecontrolroom,
AuxiliarymainruddercontrolstationintheEmotorroom(manualdrive)with
mechanicalmainrudderangleindicator.
2)Periscopes.
Theboatisequippedwithtwoperiscopes.
a) Attackperiscope(PH.Frame44).
Theaftperiscopehasitsupperparttaperedasmuchaspossible(haslowlight
transmission)andisusedmainlyduringdayattack.
Itisconstructedasafixedeyelevelperiscopeandsoofferstheadvantageoffixed
heightofviewingduringloweringandrisingofthescope.Thescopeisoperatedin
theconningtower.Theperiscopeisleadoutthroughthedeckcoveringtheconning
towerbymeansofaguidebushingandtoavoidvibrationsitissupportedbythe
periscopestandonthebridge.
Theperiscopewellextendsfromthelowerpartofthepressurehulltothelevelabove
theconningtowerdeck.Insidemainballasttank3thewellispressureproofand
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b)
c)
canbeaccessedforinspectionpurposes(removingtheprismbox)fromthecontrol
roomthroughthepressureproofmanholeinthecontrolroomdeck.
Airsearchperiscope(PH.Frame471/2).
Theforwardperiscopehasgreaterlighttransmission(thickertube)andismainly
usedduringnightattacks.
Itisoperatedfromthecontrolroomandisleadoutinfrontoftheconningtower.
Thescopeisguidedinabushingandatthelevelofconningtowercoveringplateby
asupportstandtoavoidvibration.Onthebridgethescopeissurroundedbyalight
protectivecoverwhichisboltedtotheconningtowercasingandprovidedwith
floodingholes.
Thewelloftheforwardperiscopeextendsfromalevel500mmabovethelowerpart
ofpressurehullinmainballasttank3toalevel600mmabovecontrolroomdeck.
Thewellisconstructedaspressureproof.
Forscopesdetailsseeclassifiedperiscopemanuals.
Periscopedrive.
Bothperiscopesaredrivenhydraulically.Hydraulicoilisusedasapressurized
hydraulicfluid.Theelectricallydrivenscrewpump(mainorauxiliary)pressurizes
oilfromthecollectingtankintothreesteelflasksofcapacity125literseach.A
connectionfromhighpressureairinstallationtoeachflaskisusedtocreatethe
requiredpressureandaircushion.Fromtheflaskstheoilunderaworkingpressure
of8045kg/cmissuppliedtothescrewmotors,wheretheenergyofpressuredoilis
transformedintomovement.Eachperiscopehasitsownscrewmotorusedfor
raisingandlowering.Moreover,theattackperiscopeisprovidedwithoneadditional
motor(withsmalleroutputpower)forrotatingthescope.
Theoilpumpsareautomaticallyturnedonandoffwhenthemarginalpressureis
reached(45and80kg/cm)bymeansofpressurecontrolswitches.
Thehydraulicmotorsareturnedonandoffandreversedbymeansofcontrolvalves.
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UboatInformation
Eachperiscopeisprovidedwithanautomaticlimitswitch,whichturnsoffthemotor
attheendpositions.
3)Compassinstallation.
Thecompassinstallationconsistsof:
a)Gyrocompass(Anschutztype)
b)Projectorcompass(Askaniatype)
Incaseofdamagetothegyrocompasstheprojectorcompassisusedfornavigation.
a) Gyrocompassinstallation.
Thegyrocompassinstallationconsistsofthegyrocompass(inthecontrolroom)and
sevengyrorepeaters.
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Therepeatersarelocatedasfollows:
1inthecontrolroom,
1intheconningtower,
2onthebridge(onewithbearingtelescope),
1intheradioroom,
1wallrepeaterinthecontrolroomneartheactivesonarequipment,
1inthelisteningroom.
Bothrepeatersonthebridgearepressureproof.Therepeaterinthecontrolroom
canbemovedtotheauxiliarymainruddercontrolstationintheafttorpedoroom.
Thecurrentsandvoltagesrequiredfordrivingthegyrocompassaresuppliedbythe
gyrocompassrotaryconverter(Anschtztype)locatedintheEmotorroom.This
convertercanbepoweredthroughtheselectorswitchbytheportorstarboard
auxiliaryswitchboard.
Operatingprincipleofgyrocompass:
Whentheshipchangesitscourse,theouterfollowupsphereinitsfloating
mountingrotatesthesameangle.Duetogyroscopiceffect(gyrokeepsalwaysits
mainaxisparalleltothemeridianplane)theinnergyrosphereisalwayssettothe
northsouthline.
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Thusthereoccursadifferenceintheliquidpathresistance,whichaffectsthecurrent,
whichamplifiedpowersthefollowupmotor.Thismotoriscoupledbymeansof
geardrivewithservotransmitter,whichtransmitsthemovementtotheservo
receivers(azimuthmotorandrepeaters)with1/16degaccuracy.
Theazimuthmotorofthegyrocompassrotatesthefollowupspherebymeansofa
geardriveaslongastheservotransmitterisrotatedbyfollowupmotor.Whenthe
followupsphereisrotatedtoaposition,inwhichtheliquidpathresistanceisequal
thatisatthesameangleasthecoursechangethefollowupmotorstops.The
motorsoftherepeatersbehaveexactlyastheazimuthmotorandturntheircompass
rosesatthesameangleastheazimuthmotorturnsthefollowupsphere.
b) Projectorcompassinstallation.
Theprojectorcompassisinstalledforwardoftheconningtowerinapressureproof
casingtogetherwiththecompassroseilluminationandopticssystemwhichprojects
theviewoftherosetothecontrolroom.Toeliminatetheinfluenceofelectric
currentstothemagneticcompass,nonmagneticmaterialsareusedwithinaradiusof
900mmfromthecompasscenter.
Thedesiccatoroftheperiscopescanbeusedtodryouttheopticalprojectionsystem
orthecompasscasing.
4)Signalequipment.
Signalequipmentconsistsofthefollowing:
a) Runninglights.
Sternlight(stern)
Sternlight(conningtower)
Sidelights(portandstb.)
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Steaminglight
Allaroundlight
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UboatInformation
b) Searchlightequipment.
24Voltsignalsearchlight
24Voltsearchlight
FordetailsseesectionV.1.
5)Depthsoundingequipment.
Theboatisequippedwiththefollowingdepthsoundingequipment.
1.Echolot[echosounder]
2.Elektrolot[explosiveechosounder]
3.Handlead
TheEcholotdevicecanbeusedalsoduringsubmergedcruise.
a) Echolot.
TheEcholotconsistsofashallowandadeepdepthdevice.Measurementofwater
depthperformedbybothdevicesisbasedondeterminationoftheelapsedtimeofthe
soundfromtheshiptotheseabottomandback.Theproductoftheelapsedtimeand
soundvelocityinseawatergivesthelengthofthesoundpath.Halfofthislengthis
thewaterdepth.
Thesoundingdevicehasthreemeasurementranges:
1.0125meters
2.01000meters
3.1503000meters
shallow/supersonicsoundingdevice
deep/sonicsoundingdevice
Theshallowanddeepdepthdevicesworktotallyindependently,thoughmeasured
depthisdisplayedonthesamecommondepthindicatorlocatedincontrolroom.By
meansofanarmswitchthedepthindicatorcanbeconnectedeitherwiththeshallow
ordeepdepthsoundingdevice.Bymeansofthescaleswitchtheshallowanddeep
depthdevicescanbeconnectedsimultaneously.
Eachdeviceconsistsof:transmitter,receiverandamplifier.Theshallowdepth
soundingdeviceworksnoiselessly,whilethedeepdepthdevicesendssound
impulseswhichareaudible.BothdevicesarepoweredbytheACshallowanddeep
depthechosoundingconverterlocatedintheEmotorroom.
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UboatInformation
Thedeepdepthsoundingdevicehasthreetransmittersandthreereceiverswhichare
mountedinthekeel.Theshallowdepthsoundingdevicehasonetransmitterandone
receiver.Botharemountedonbottomofthehull,ontheportside,nearthemunitions
magazine.
b) Elektrolot.
Inthismethod,anexplosivechargeisthrownintotheseaandwhenitbreaksthe
watersurface,astopwatchisstarted.Whenthedevicereachestheseabottom(the
soundofexplosionreturns)thetimerisstopped(rateofsinkingis2
meters/second).
c) Handlead.
Thehandleadconsistsofsoundinglineandplummet.Thelineis50meterslongand
isprovidedwithmarksspacedat2metersforreadingthedepth.
6)Loginstallation.
Thespeedisobtainedbymeasuringthepressuredifferencebetweenstaticand
dynamicpressure.Thedynamicpressureisobtainedfromnozzleslocatedonthe
portandstarboardsidesofthebow.
Thestaticpressureisobtainedfromnozzleslocatedonportandstb.sideofmain
ballasttank3.Eachnozzleisconnectedbymeansofpipeswiththemasterunit
installedinthecontrolroom.Thespeedcanbereadonmasterunitinthecontrol
roomoronarepeaterintheconningtower,towhichthespeediselectrically
transmitted.Intheconningtoweradistancecounterisalsoprovided.
Theinstallationconsistsof:
pipingwithcontrolmanifold
masterunit(transmitter)
repeater(receiver)
distancecounter
Thecontrolmanifoldandmasterunitareinstalledinthecontrolroom.Transmitting
theheightofthequicksilvercolumntakesplacebymeansofamagneticclutch.The
indicatoraxisiscoupledbyvariableresistancetotransmittheindicatorpositionto
thelogrepeaterandtotheintegratorofthedistancecounter.
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UboatInformation
Therepeaterisinstalledinconningtower.Thecoiloftheindicatorispoweredby24
Vcurrent,takenfromthelightcircuitthroughthevoltagedivider.Thespeedis
shownbymeansofrotatingindicatoronalinear270arcscale.
Thedistancecounterisinstalledintheconningtower.Thedevicehastwo
mechanicalcounters,onwhichtheupperoneshowsthetravelleddistance.The
counterisresetable.Thesecondcountercanbesettoadesireddistance.Theoptical
indicatorsignalswhenthatdistanceistravelled.Thedistancecounterispoweredby
110Vcurrent.
7)Alarminstallation.
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Thealarminstallationisusedtotellthecrewtotaketheirdivingstationsasquickly
aspossible.
Theinstallationispoweredby110VDCfromeitherstarboardorportlightgroup.
ThepowerlinebranchesfromauxiliaryswitchboardintheEmotorroomandinthe
controlroomandthroughfuseboxesleadstothecontrolpanelinthecontrolroom,
andtoalarmbellsandbothflashingcircuitsinthedieselengineroom.Theflashing
circuitsareconnectedwiththeportandstarboardlightscircuitsofthedieselengine
roomandcontrol5lampsinthestarboardand7lampsintheportcircuit
respectively.
Alarmbellsarelocatedasfollows:
1.intheEmotorroom,
2.inthepettyofficersroom,
3.inthedieselengineroom,
4.inthecontrolroom,
5.inthechiefpettyofficersroom,
6.intheforwardtorpedoroom.
Thealarmcanbeactivatedfromthecontrolroomorfromtheconningtowerby
meansofatwopoleswitch.Whentheswitchison,thealarmcircuitisenergized.
Alarmbellsstarttoringandflashingcircuitsswitchthelampsinthedieselengine
roomonandoffatshortintervals.
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8)Orderingandreportinginstallations.
Theelectricorderingandreportinginstallationandindicatinginstallationconsistsof:
1.Engineordertelegraphsystem,
2.Rudderordertelegraphandrudderangleindicatorsystem,
3.Alarminstallation,
4.Compartmentreadyindicatingsystem,
5.Hullclosureindicatingsystem,
6.Broadcastandannouncementsystem(seeparagraphVb).
FordetailsofelectricorderingandreportinginstallationseeparagraphBIX5c.
Voicetubesareinstalledforpassingverbalordersbetweenrooms.
Connectingbridgeandconningtowerwith:
Emotorroom,
Controlroom(branchestodivingofficerstationandtomainruddercontrol
station),
Radioandlisteningrooms,
CommandingOfficer'sroom.
Alsoconnectingconningtowerwith:
Afttorpedoroom,
Forwardtorpedoroom.
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Bymeansofabidirectionalwhistlesystemthecontrolroomandconningtowercan
becalledfromtheaftandforwardtorpedorooms.
Eachvoicetubehasseveralbulkheadvalvesinstalled,whichenableisolating
pressureproofcompartmentsfromeachotherincaseofwaterintake.
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VIII.SafetyandRescueInstallation
VIII.SafetyandRescueInstallations.
1)Installationsforsubmergedandsurfacedboat.
a) Emergencylighting.
Theemergencylightingshould,incaseofdamagetothemainlighting,pointtheway
toemergencyexitsandilluminatetherooms.
Forthatreasonthereare8automaticallyswitchedonbatterypoweredemergency
lamps,9mountingsforbatterypoweredhandlampsand8batterypoweredhand
lampslocatedasfollows:
RoomPlan
BatteryPowered
EmergencyLamp
No.
PH.Frame
Emotorroom
Dieselengineroom
Galley
Pettyofficersroom
Controlroom
Conningtower
Officerandchief
pettyofficers'room
Forwardtorpedo
room
1
1
1
1
1
1
RoomPlan
BatteryPoweredHand
LampMounting
No.
PH.Frame
161/2
Afttorpedoroom 1 Atthetorpedotube
(Bulkhead)
29
Emotorroom
1
161/2
(Bulkhead)
(Bulkheadstb.)
29
Dieselengineroom 1
29
(Bulkhead)
(Bulkhead)
39
Galley
1
29
(Bulkhead)
(Bulkhead)
Periscopeshaftport
Controlroom
1 Periscopeshaftaft
Airshaftport
Controlroom
1
48
Illuminationofthe
depthmeter
501/2
(Sphericalbulkhead)
63
Conningtower
Officerandchief
pettyofficers'room 1
(Bulkhead)
Forwardtorpedo
room
Tostarboard
501/2
(Spherical
bulkhead)
6970port
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BothtypesoflampshaveasapowersourcebatterytypeM4/1withoutputvoltageof
4V,capacityof10.5Ahat0.75Acurrentload.Theswitchingcircuitofthebattery
poweredemergencylamps
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UboatInformation
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
consistsof2relays,oneconnectedtothestarboard,theotherconnectedtotheport
lightcircuit,sothatincaseofdamagetobothlightcircuits,thelampswillbe
automaticallyswitchedon.
Handlamps.
Eachboatisequippedwith8batterypoweredhandlamps,whoselocationisshown
intheprecedingtable.Tohelpwithlocation,thepowerswitchofeachlampis
surroundedbyaringcoveredwithluminouspaint.
Also,eachcrewmemberhasapocketlamp.
Fireextinguishers.
Thereare4fireextinguishersprovidedasfollows:
IntheEmotorroom1dryextinguisher
Inthedieselengineroom1foamextinguisher
Inthecontrolroom(neartheauxiliaryswitchboard)1dryextinguisher
Intheofficersroom(nearradioandlisteningroom)1dryextinguisher.
Thefireextinguishinginstallationisconnectedtotheauxiliarydrainandtrimpump
manifoldandconsistsofaflexiblehoseconnectionandstopvalve.Thereisa
branchleadingthroughahullvalvetotheupperdeck.Attheupperdeck,thepiping
isledintheupperdeckcasingparalleltothepressurehull.Therearethree
connectionsforhoseswithstopvalvesintheaftpartoftheupperdeck,inthe
middle(conningtowercasing)andtheforwardpart.
Floodinginstallation.SeesectionBIII.
Drainageinstallation.SeesectionBIII.
UTandG.H.G.installation.
TheUTinstallationisusedforcommunicationduringsubmergedcruisebetweentwo
boatsorbetweentheboatandasurfacevessel.Thetransmittersandreceiversare
installedonthebowpartofhull.TheUTrotaryconverterandUTcontrolunitare
locatedinactivesonarroom,theG.H.G.rotaryconverterislocatedinEmotorroom.
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TheG.H.G.installationisusedtolistentopropellernoises,torpedoesetc.during
submergedandsurfacedcruise.6soundreceiversarelocatedoneachsideofbow.
[Note:thenumber6isapparentlyanerrortherewereactually24receiversoneach
sideofthebowfortheG.H.G.]
g) Emergencysteeringgear.
Manualemergencysteeringgearisprovidedforthemainrudderlocatedintheaft
torpedoroom.Thissteeringstationisequippedwithmechanicalmainrudderangle
indicator,1rudderordertelegraphreceiverwithorderedangleindicatorand1call
bell.
h) Divingsuit.
2fulldivingsuits,1simpledivingsuitwithoxygenflask,withouthelmet,1setof
weightchains,1pairofweightedshoesareprovided.
i) Emergencyescapegear.
SeeparagraphAVIII3h.
k) Liferafts.
2Liferaftswithbuoys.
Tostoretheliferaftswithbuoys,2pressureproofcontainersareprovidedonthe
upperdeck,togetherwithinstallationforflooding,ventingandopening,whichis
operatedfrominsidetheboat.
l) Damagecontrolmaterials.
SeeparagraphAIX3c.
2)Installationsforsurfacedboat.
a) Batteryventilation.
Theventilationinstallationofthebatteryroomsshouldpreventaccumulationof
explosivegases,whichareformedwhenthebatteriesarecharged.Inallpartsofthe
batteryventilationsystemthereshouldbeararefactionofthegasesbyfreshairat
least20timesbytheendstageofchargingwith415Acurrent.
Page82
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
UboatInformation
Theextractorpipeunderbatteryroomdeckisconnectedwithmainexhausttrunkby
meansofanextractorduct.Astopvalveisinstalledintheextractorductatthepoint
ofpassagethroughthebatteryroomdeckandisbentupwardjustbeforeconnection
withmainexhausttrunk.
Overthebatteryagridofsuctionpipesisinstalled,whichisconnectedtoeach
batterycellbymeansofglassbendandrubberpipe.Thesinglesuctionpipesare
fastenedtocellpolesbymeansofinsulatedbracketsandareconnectedtothe
extractorpipe,whichinturnisconnectedwithmainexhausttrunk.
Atthejointwithextractorpipeeachsuctionpipehasanadjustable,eboniteorifice
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b)
plateinstalled,whichenablesabalancedflowratetobemaintained.
Tochecktheamountofsuction,pressureindicatingdevicesconnectedattheblank
endofeachextractorpipe,whichareinstalledoverthebatteryroomdeck.They
showthepressuredifferencebetweenthesuctionpipesandbatteryroom.Also,at
theendofeachextractorpipe,atthelowestpoint,atankisinstalled,whichis
dedicatedforacidcarriedawaybytheairflow.
Emergencyventvalves.
Thefollowingmainballasttanksandmainballastandreservefueloiltanksare
equippedwithemergencyventvalves:
Mainballasttank3portandstb.,
Mainballastandreservefueloiltank2portandstb.,
Mainballastandreservefueloiltank4portandstb.
Theemergencyventvalvesformainballasttank3portandstarboardarelocatedat
thepointwheretheventtrunkspassthroughthepressurehull.Theventsformain
ballastandreservefueloiltank2and4portandstarboardarelocatedwherethevent
trunkspassthroughtheouterhullplating.
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page83
UboatInformation
c)
d)
e)
Theemergencyventvalvesareoperatedmanuallyfrominsidethepressurehull.The
operatinghandlesaresealedintheopenpositionandareclosedincaseofdamageto
theventtrunksorventvalvesorafterfillingmainballastandreservefueloiltank2
and4withfueloil.
Coaming.
Incaseoffloodingtheboat,tokeepenoughairspace,coamingsextending
downwardfromthehatchesareprovidedwithadditionalextensibledownward
plates.Thesemovableextensionsarepushedupduringsurfacecruiseandsecuredin
thatposition.Duringsubmergedcruise,theplatesarelowered.
Forthesamepurpose,thelowerconningtowerhatchcoamingisextendeddownward
tothelevelabout1650mmabovecontrolroomdeckbymeansofa3mmthickskirt.
Lifebuoy,nightsignalbuoyanddinghy.
Therearethreehorseshoeshapedlifebuoys,twoofthemarekepthandyduring
surfacedcruiseonthesidesoftheconningtowercasing.Duringsubmergedcruise
theyarestoredtogetherwithtwonightsignalbuoys.Thedinghyisstoredatthe
forwardpartofupperdeck,onportside,nearthetorpedocontainerandisattached
bymeansoflashings.
Lifejackets.
Thereare40lifejacketsonboard.Theyarestoredineachcrewaccommodation
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roomneartheescapehatches.
f)
Railingandtethers.
Therailingisinstalledontheupperdeckonbothsidesandleadsfromthebowtothe
stern.Therailingpennantsaremountedinrailingsupportsbymeansofclamping
bolts.Demountedrailingcanbestowedintheupperdeckcasing.
Page84
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
UboatInformation
Thereare10tethersandsafetybeltsprovidedforusebythecrewoperatingthedeck
gunandthebridgewatchwhilecruisinginstormyseas.
g) Recognitionmarksforaircraft.
Eachboatisequippedwithrecognitionmarksforaircraft,whichareunfoldedonthe
upperdeck,forwardofthedeckgun.
3)Installationsforsubmergedboat.
a) Compartmentation.
Thepressurehullisdividedbymeansoftwosphericalbulkheadsintothreepressure
proofcompartmentsandbymeansofanotherthreewatertightbulkheadsinto6
rooms.
SeeparagraphAII3.
b) Airpurificationsystem.
Theairpurificationsystemconsistsof:
Purificationsystem:removingCO2bymeansofsodiumhydroxidecartridges
Renewalsystem:bleedingO2fromoxygenflasks.
Amanwhenbreathing,creates30liters/hourofCO2andneedsthesameamountof
O2.TheairpurificationsystemmaintainstheCO2contentat1.5%levelandO2
contentat17.5%.
CO2contentabove2%isinjurious.
Theestimationoftime,when1.5%CO2contentin400mofairintheboatwillbe
reached:
37mencreatesperhour:37x30x100/400000=0.28%CO2/hour
So1.5%CO2contentwillbereachedafter5hours20minutes.
ThemeasurementofCO2andO2concentrationismadebymeansofOrsatdevices,
firsttimeafter4hoursofsubmergedcruise.MoreoverthereareCO2samplingtubes
todetectcarbondioxidecontentabove1.5%.
Airpurification
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3airpurifiersareusedforairpurificationconnectedtoexhaustairduct,locatedas
follows:
IntheafttorpedoandEmotorroom
Inthecontrolroom
Intheforwardtorpedoroom
Eachairpurifierconsistsof4sodiumhydroxidecartridges.
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page85
UboatInformation
Theairfromthecompartmentiswithdrawnthroughanairexhaustductthroughthe
airpurifierandpurifiedairisreturnedbyanairintakeduct.Theregulatingvalve
allowsadjustmentoftheamountofairpassingthroughthepurifier.Whenadjusting,
theamountofpassingairshouldbekeptaslowaspossibletoavoidwarmingthe
cartridges,becauseinthiscase,thecartridgesdon'treachtheirfullefficiency.
Ventilationcapacityis:
Inthe1sthour350liters/hour
Inthe2ndhour400liters/hour
Inthe3rdhour450liters/hour
Airrenewal
Airrenewaltakesplace,whentheoxygencontentdropsbelow17.5%.10oxygen
flasksareprovided,withcapacity50literseachatapressureof150at.Theseflasks
arelocatedasfollows:
Emotorroom
Dieselengineroom
Controlroom
Forwardtorpedoroom
1flask
2flasks
4flasks
3flasks
Themainmanifold,towhichallflasksareconnected,hasabranchfromthecontrol
roomtotheupperdeck,whichisusedforfillingtheflaskswithoxygen.Oxygencan
besuppliedthroughconnectingpipestotheairexhaustductandaddedtocirculating
airorbleddirectlyintothecompartmentsoftheboat.
Regulatingvalvesinstalledintheconnectingductsandintheendofbranchleading
totheconningtower,whichallowadjustingtheoxygenfeedratedependingoncrew
numbers.
Thestoredoxygenandsodiumhydroxidecartridgesenablethecrewof37men,to
remaincontinuouslysubmergedfor72hours.
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Page86
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
UboatInformation
c)
Compressedairandemergencyblowingmanifold.
Thecompressedairreserveis3900litersat205at.FordetailsseeparagraphAIII
4.
Toblowthemainballasttanksandthemainballastandreservefueloiltanksfroma
rescuevessel,therearebranchesfrombothemergencyairsupplylines,betweenthe
screwjointandstraightwayvalve,whicheachleadthroughthestraightwayvalve
tothecommonlineandthentotheemergencyblowingmanifoldlocatedinthe
conningtowercasing.Itslocationismarkedwitharedmark.
d)
Justbeforetheconnectionwiththemanifold,acheckvalveisinstalled.Bymeans
of8straightwaymanifoldvalvesallmainballasttanksandmainballastandreserve
fueloiltankscanbeblown.Fromtwoemergencymanifoldvalvesthelineslead
throughthehullvalvestomainballasttank1andmainballasttank5blowinglines.
Thesehullvalvescanbeoperatedfromtheinsidetheboataswellasfromtheupper
deck.Thevalvesarenormallysealed.
Theemergencyblowinglinesoftheothertanksleadfromtheemergencyblowing
manifoldthroughthestraightwayvalvestotherespectiveexhaustgasesblowing
lines.
Theemergencyblowingmanifoldvalvesintheconningtowercasingarelocated
accordingtoorderofthetheballasttanksandhaveenlargedhandlesforeaseof
operationbydivers.
Emergencyairsupplysystem.
Toventilatethesunkenboatfromarescuevesselbymeansofpressureproof,
armoredhose,thefollowingemergencyairsupplyandemergencyairexhaust
connectionsareprovided:
Intheafttorpedoroomovertheaircompressor
Inthecontrolroomontheport,foresideoftheperiscopewell
Intheforwardtorpedoroomnearrearpartoftorpedotubes
Intheconningtower(airsupplyonly)attheconningtowerdeck
Theemergencyairsupplysystemintheaftandforwardtorpedoroomsconsistsof
screwjointsandhullvalvesoperatedfrominsidetheboat.
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page87
UboatInformation
Theemergencyairsupplysystemincontrolroomconsistsofscrewjointsand
valves,whichareoperatedfromtheupperdeck.Insidetheboatintheairsupplyand
exhaustlineshullandthreewayvalvesinstalled.Bymeansofathreewayvalve
eitherthecontrolroomortheconningtowercanbeventilated.
Theemergencyairsupplytotheconningtowerconsistsofexternalscrewjointand
internalvalve,whichisoperatedfrominsidetheboat.Thelocationofall
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connectionsattheupperdeckismarkedwithacirclesign:
e)
f)
Rafts.
SeeparagraphAVIII1k.
Airtrap.
Forthewatertightbulkheadsbetween:
EmotorroomandDieselengineroom,
Dieselengineroomandpettyofficersroom,
Officersandchiefpettyofficersroomandforwardtorpedoroom.
Theareaabovetheupperedgeofbulkheaddoorsservesasanairtrap.Otherair
trapsaremadebythecoamingsofthegalleyhatch,controlroomhatchandconning
towerhatch.
g) Emergencyescapegear.
39setsofemergencyescapegearareprovidedforthecrewonboard,andanother20
setsasreservetotalnumber:59sets.Theescapegearissolocated,thatduring
submergedcruise,incaseofemergency,thereisasufficientnumberofsetsineach
compartmentforeachcrewmemberattheirdivingstations.
Also,twofulldivingsuits(onewithandonewithoutweights)and40lifejacketsare
providedonboard.
Page88
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
10
UboatInformation
h)
i)
k)
Netdeflector.
Overtheentirelengthoftheboat,frombowtothestern,ajumpingwireisstretched
andattachedtothebridgebulwarkinsuchway,thatunderwaternetsaremovedover
thewireanddonotcatchonthebridgebulwark.Fromtheconningtowertothe
bowthereisasinglewire,fromsterntotheconningtoweradoublejumpingwireis
installed.Duringtorpedoloadingthejumpingwirecanbedemountedbymeansof
tensioningscrews.Becausethejumpingwireisusedasanaerial,itisisolatedfrom
theboathullbymeansofachainofthreecoconutporcelaininsulatorsfittedateach
end.
Netcutter.
Atthestem,underthestandardwaterlinethereisafixed,whileatsternadetachable
netcutterisinstalled.Thenetcutteratstemisprotectedbyacovermadeof4mm
thickplate.Thecoveratitslowerpartisformedintongueshape,whichslidesinthe
pocketinthestem,whileatupperpartitismountedtothestembymeansofbolts.
Thusthecovercanberemovedwithoutplacingtheboatinthedrydock.
Compartmentreadyindicatingsystem.
SeeparagraphBIX5c(7).
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l)
m)
Hullclosureindicatingsystem.
SeeparagraphBIX5c(8).
Ventvalveindicatingsystem.
Notinstalled.
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page89
UboatInformation
IX.DamageControl
IX.DamageControl.
1)General.
a) Damagecontrolparties.
Toincreasethesafetyoftheboat,hull,electricalandmachinerypartiesareformed.
Thesepartieshavefollowingtasks:
Removingleaksduetoenemyaction
Removingdamagetomachineryandelectricalinstallationsduetoenemyaction
Passingordersthroughtheboat
Reducingnoiseduringapproachandevasionandtherebyimprovingdepth
keeping,whichisespeciallydemandinginthepresenceoftheenemy.
Damagecontrolpartiesareformedfromoffdutycrewmembersandaredividedas
follows:
Party
Post
Ratings
HullPartyI
Emotorroom
HullPartyII
Pettyofficersroom
HullPartyIII
Forwardtorpedoroom
MachineryParty
Dieselengineroom
2careertrackII
ElectricalPartyI
Pettyofficersroom
1careertrackII
ElectricalPartyII Officersroom
PettyOfficers
1careertrackII
1careertrackVIIT
1careertrackII
1careertrackI
1careertrackIII
1careertrackVIIT 1careertrackVIIT
1careertrackII
1careertrackI
1careertrackII
1careertrackII
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Career
track
(Laufbahn)
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
Specialty
Career
track
Seaman
Machinist(Engineroompersonnel)
Helmsman/Navigation
Radiooperator
Carpenter
Ordnance
Mechanic(Artificers/Torpedomen)
VIII
IX
X
XI
XIII
XIV
XV
Specialty
Unused
Administrative
Clerical
Medical
Musician
CoastalArtillery
MotorTransport
Page90
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
IX.DamageControl
UboatInformation
Thepartyleaderisalwaysthemostseniorrankingcrewmemberintheparty.
Thehull,mechanicalandelectricalpartieshavetotakeactionimmediatelyafter
damageoccurs.Ifnecessary,thememberofpartieslocatednearthedamagemust
assistasfaraspossible.Thedamagecontrolequipmentandtoolsforthemechanical
andelectricalpartiesarekeptathandforimmediateuse.
b) Boat'scompensation.
Theboatissodesigned,thatwhen withstandardload(mainballastandreserve
fueloiltanksfilledwithwater)andemptyregulatingandreservefueloiltanks,
regulatingtanksandnegativebuoyancytanks,atseawaterofdensity=1.003ithas
0tonsofbuoyancy.[seenotebelow]
Theexcessbuoyancywhichwhen withmainballastandreservefueloiltanks2
and4(49.6mofoil+0.223mofairinpressureproofpartsofventpipes)filled
withfueloilofdensity=0.87is
6.28tons,iscompensatedbyloadingonboard
additionalsupplies:
2.11tonsoflubricatingoil
1.61tonsofprovisions
1.77tonsoffreshwater
1.33tonsofwaterinregulatingtanks(oradditionalwashwaterintorpedo
compensatingtanks1and2).
Forbothtrimconditionsthefollowingloadsareprovided:
Supply
FuelOil(density=0.87)
(includingfueloil
gravitytank)
a)regulating/RFO
tanksempty(Baltic)
b)regulating/RFO
tanksfull(NorthSea)
Lubricatingoil
Provisions
Freshandwashwater
TrimConditionA
TrimConditionB
Normalloadcapacity
35Days
Maximumloadcapacity
56Days
tons
tons
71.43
62.14
121.03
105.30
80.83
70.32
130.43
113.47
5.00
2.68
2.72
Remarks
atseawater
density<1.014
atseawater
density>1.014
7.11
4.29
4.50
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Inwartimeconditionsmaximumloadcapacityisalwaystaken.
Note:Theaveragedensityofseawaterattheoceansurfaceis1.025
grams/ml.Seawaterisdenserthanbothfreshwaterandpurewater(density
1.0grams/mlat4C(39F))becausedissolvedsaltsaddmasswithout
contributingsignificantlytovolume.Seawaterdensityvarieswithsalinityand
temperaturefromabout1.0201.030grams/ml.
Thewaterdensity1.003citedabove(atwhichtheboatwouldhave0
buoyancy)isverylowandwouldneverbeencounteredbytheboatwhileit
wasoperatinginseawater.
ThedensityofseawaterintheBalticissignificantlylower(aslowas1.005at
salinity7.5%)duetofreshwaterfromriversthanintheNorthsea(1.025at
salinity35%).
UboatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page91
UboatInformation
IX.DamageControl
Reservebuoyancy.
Asiswrittenabove,whensurfaced ,atseawaterdensity=1.003,withempty
regulatingtanksandregulatingandreservefueloiltanks,buoyancyiscreatedbyair
containedinmainballasttanksandmainballastandreservefueloiltanks.When
seawaterdensityisgreater,itisnecessarytofillregulatingtanksaccordingly.
Thereservebuoyancyin:
TrimConditionA(mainballasttanksandmainballastandreservefueloiltanks
empty,standardload)
Va=154.95155m
TrimConditionB(mainballasttanksandmainballastandreservefueloiltanks
filledwithfueloil,increasedload)
Vb=154.9549.6105m
Reservebuoyancywithincreasedloadisalsomaintainedwhenthelargestroom,the
Dieselengineroom(volume88m),isfloodedbywater.Moreover,thewatertight
bulkheadsallowforisolationandlocalizationoftheleakage(atpressureupto1
meteroverupperedgeofpressurehull)intheaffectedroom.Howeverthetrim
changewhenendroomsarefullyfloodedissolarge,thatifanycounterballasting
actionistaken,theboatslantsforwardoraftrespectively,andtotallossoftheboat
occurs.
Fordetailsseethenextsection.
Remarks:Itshouldbenoted,thatwhenpressureinsidetheboatincreases,thedepth
gaugenotlongershowstherealdepth,butalesservalue,relativetothepressure
differencebetweenwaterpressureandairpressureinsidetheboat.That'swhythe
depthshouldbealsocontrolledbymeansofthePapenbergcolumn,periscopeor
conningtowerfloodvalve.
2)Weightsandtrimadjustmentwithwaterflooding.
Possiblecauses:influenceofenemyweapon,ramming,explosionsandspontaneous
combustiononboard,materialdefectsandoperatingerrors.
c)
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A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
IX.DamageControl
UboatInformation
a)
Leakageintoexternaltankswiththeboatsurfaced(Table1).
Leaksintoexternaltanksarenotdangerousfortheboat.Thereservebuoyancyin
eachcasegivesenoughdisplacement,whichalsoisnotaffectedbytrimchange.In
thecaseoffloodingallexternalmainballasttanks,andmainballastandreservefuel
oiltanks,includingregulatingtanks,regulatingandreservefueloiltanks,and
negativebuoyancytanks,thepressureproofmainballasttank3givesenough
displacementof47.00mwithlevelimmersion.
Thebuoyancywhenexternaltanksarefloodedis(valuesarerounded,regulating
tanks,regulatingandreservefueloiltanks,andnegativebuoyancytanksarehalf
full):
Leak
Capacity
m
Remainingbuoyancyinm
TrimConditionA
TrimConditionB
Mainballasttank1
Mainballasttank5
Mainballast/RFOtank2
portandstb.
Mainballast/RFOtank4
portandstb.
Regulatingtank2portand
stb.
Regulating/RFOtank1
portandstb.
Negativebuoyancytank
portandstb.
32
25
123
130
73
80
11
144
105++
13
142
105++
151+
101+
152+
105+
154+
104+
+)Calculatedhalffullofwater
++)Calculatedfulloffueloil
Limitationstodivingcharacteristicscangenerallybeavoidedbecauseofthespatial
arrangementofventingandfloodinginstallations.Howeverseaworthiness,in
certaincircumstances,canbestronglyaffectedbyheelingandtrimchanges(i.e.the
floodingofmainballasttank5lowersthebowoftheboatupto61cm).These
changescanbefixedbycounterballasting.
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page93
UboatInformation
IX.DamageControl
Table1:
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Counterballastingforleaksinexternaltanks.
Leak
Tank
Capacity
m
MBT5
Measure
25
Trimorheel
Trim
condition
A
aft:37cm MBT1
mid:+12cm
fwd:+61cm
Counter
ballasting
FinalState
Intake Remaining
buoyancy
m
tons
32
97
2.7stb.
130
0Boat
leveled,
slightly
deeper
0Boat
leveled,
slightly
deeper
48
MB/RFOT2stb.
MB/RFOT4stb.
MBT/RFOT2
and4,R1,
R/RFOT2stb.
11
13
31
Bow
moves
40cm
higher
21
cm//deeper
fwd:+84cm
32
mid:+14cm
Trim
condition
A
Trim
Status
Bow
moves
45cm
higher
39cm
//deeper
aft:56cm MBT1
MB/RFOT
4port
13
3stb.
MB/RFOT
2port
11
130
9stb.
MB/RFOT
2and4
port
24
99
~0
20cm
//deeper
WithaleakinMBT1porttanks,themeasurementsareanalogous.
=Flood
b) Leakageintopressurehullwiththeboatsurfaced(Table2).
Smallleaks(seeparagraph3d)canberemovedbymeansofthemaindrainpump.
Howeverlargerleaksintheendroomslead,whenanycounterballastingistaken,to
atrimmoment,whichdespitesufficientbuoyancy,tilttheboatforwardoraft.The
freewatersurfaceeffectalsoincreasesthisdanger.Withoutcounterballastingor
draining,theboatisfloatableonlywhen:
IntrimconditionAthefollowingroomsarefullyflooded:
pettyofficersroom,
orthecontrolroom,
ortheofficerandchiefpettyofficersroom,
ormainballasttank3.
IntrimconditionBthefollowingroomsarefullyflooded:
controlroom,
ormainballasttank3,
possiblythepettyofficersroom.
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Page94
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
IX.DamageControl
UboatInformation
With40tonsorlessbuoyancy,theboatisstillfloatableonlywhenthereisnoload.
Thedangeroustrimmomentcausedbyfloodingendroomscanbecompensatedby
simultaneouscounterballastingorblowinganddraining.Next,weightreductionby
localizationoftheleakagesandimmediateapplyingthestepsfromparagraph3e
shouldbeaccomplished.Thus,anyleakageinoneroomattrimconditionAandB
canbecompensatedbycounterballastingordraining.Ineachcasethefollowing
measuresaretotakentomaintainsufficientbuoyancy(gatheredinTable2):
=Flood =Blow =Drain

Drainthefueloiltothemainballastandreservefueloiltanksbymeansof
auxiliarylubricatingoilpumpthroughtheflexiblehoseandfueloilcompensating
lines,theremainingoverboard.
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page95
UboatInformation
IX.DamageControl
Leak
Room
Measure
Capacity Arm
m
Measurefor
Trim
+/m condition
FinalState
Intake Arm
m
+/
Remaining Total
buoyancy moment
tons
Trim
Status
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AandB
Emotorroom
62
18.75 A MBT5
MB/RFOT
4stb./port
Fueloil
tank1(I)
88
47
4.55
45
37.9
3.25
78
25
16.5 +18.85
22.8
7.85
floatable
26.8 +6.95
25
25.3 +25.8
16.8 +18.85
Asper
A
8.3
+25.8
100
22.8
7.85
80
floatable
Asper
A
1.35 +25.8
Notrequired
60
+103.5
+9.65 A
72
+18.85 A
7.95
Asper
207.6
A
+103.5 floatable
22.8
110
Forwardtorpedo
room
MB/RFOT
2stb./port
MBT5
onlypartly
200.3 floatable
Notrequired
MBT5
onlypartly
79
+2.30 A
77
MB/RFOT
2stb./port
MB/RFOT
4stb./port
MBT5
Forward
torpedo
roomonly
partly
3.25
25.3 +25.8
Officerandchief
pettyofficersroom
37.9
10.95 A MBT5
Forward
torpedo
roomonly
partly
B
Controlroom
26.8 +6.95
25.3 +25.8
Pettyofficers
Room
25.3 +25.8
B MBT5
MB/RFOT
2stb./port
Fueloil
tank1(I)
Dieselengine
room
+/m
tons
Fueloil
tank2(I)
MB/RFOT
2stb./port
MBT1
onlypartly
FuelOil
Tank2
MB/RFOT
4stb./port
MBT1
onlypartly
Fueloil
tank2(I)
MB/RFOT
2stb./port
MBT1
32.8 +8.30
22.8
7.85
11.2
26.0
Asper
A
77
32.8 +8.30
floatable
26.8 +6.95
77
11.0
26.0
floatable
32.8
+8.30
22.8
7.85
61
+66
32.3
26.0
floatable
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Fueloil
tank2(I)
MB/RFOT
4stb./port
MBT1
32.8
+8.30
26.8
+6.95 60
+59
32.3
26.0
Asper
A
Page96
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
IX.DamageControl
UboatInformation
Table2:Measures
forleaksininternalrooms.
Trim
Leak
Emotorroom
Dieselengine
room
88
Pettyofficers
room
47
Controlroom
45
Officersand
chiefpetty
officersroom
77
Fueloiltanks
(internal)
Remaining Total
buoyancy moment
Bow
torpedo
room
meters
tons
79
200.3
78
207.6
only
partly
16.5
25
only
partly
16.8
25
only
partly
8.3
100
only
partly
1.35
80
110
60
77
77
61
+66
60
+59
only
partly
11.2
Forward
torpedoroom
MB/RFOT
tons
m Cond.
62
MBT
B
72
only
partly
11.0
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=Blow
=Drain
=Flood
=DraintoMB/RFOT4andMB/RFOT2,remainingoverboard
MB/RFOT2and4=onbothsides(portandstb.)
Aftertakingthesemeasures,theboatisineachcasefloatable.Further,heavylistcan
becompensatedbyapplyingstepsfromTable4.
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page97
UboatInformation
IX.DamageControl
c)
Leakageintoexternaltanksandintothepressurehullwiththeboatsurfaced.(Tables3
and4)
Stabilitycalculationsshowthatfloodinganinternalroomandadjacentexternaltankat
trimconditionAandBcanbecompensatedforbycounterballastinganddraining.
Itisassumedthatsaddletanksarefullonbothsides(becauseoffloodingorcounter
ballastingtoremovethelist).
Leak
Measure
Room/Tank Capacity Arm

m
Emotor
62
room
Mainballast
32.3
tank1
+/m
Intake Arm
m
Remaining Total
buoyancy moment
+/m
tons
Trim
+/mt
status
+25.8
26.00 FOT1(I)
37.9
3.25
141
not
32.8
+8.30
floatable
72
18.85
148
AsforA
FinalState
25.3
TrimconditionA
orB
18.75 A MBT5
Diesel
88
engineroom
MB/RFOT2
22.8
stb./port
Measurewith
FOT2(I)
Forwardtorpedo
room
34
MB/RFOT2
22.8 7.85 34
stb./Port
MB/RFOT4
26.8 +6.95
stb./port
AdditionalmeasuresasforTrimA
B
10.95 A FOT1(I)
37.9
3.25
7.85 FOT2(I)
32.8
+8.30 56
25.3
+25.8
floatable
33.9
+18.85
MBT5
Forwardtorpedo
roomonlypartly
MB/RFOT4
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B stb./port
Petty
officers
room
47
4.55 A
MB/RFOT2
22.8
stb./port
26.8
MBT5only
partly
15.2
+6.95 56
+25.8 70
MB/RFOT4
26.8 +6.95 70
stb./port
7.85 B
AsforA
floatable
AsforA
Page98
A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
10
IX.DamageControl
UboatInformation
Leak
Room/Tank
Measure
Capacity Arm
m
FinalState
Measurewith Intake Arm Residual
Trim
+/m condition
AorB
+/m
Remaining
buoyancy
Trim
+/mt
status
At
Pettyofficersroom 47
4.55
R/RFOT1stb./port 9.4
3.25
MBT5
onlypartly

MB/RFOT
22.8 7.85 89
2stb./port
MB/RFOT
26.8 +6.95
4stb./port
Pettyofficersroom 47
4.55
RT2stb./port
15.2
0.1
MBT5
onlypartly

ControlRoom
45
+2.30 A
3.92
RT2stb./port
15.2
0.1
MBT1
onlypartly

Controlroom
45
+2.30 A
9.5
25.8 89
floatable
AsforA
8.35
+25.8 84
floatable
AsforA
26.0 91
floatable
MBT1
onlypartly
3.92
26.0 41
AsforA
MBT1
onlypartly
11.1
26.0 72
MB/RFOT
22.8 7.85 84
2Stb./Port
MB/RFOT
26.8 +6.95
2stb./port
MB/RFOT4
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stb./port
26.8
+6.95
Officerandchief
77
pettyofficersroom
MB/RFOT4
26.8
stb./port
MBT1
onlypartly
MB/FOT
2Stb./Port
B
A FOT2(I)
+6.95
MBT1
onlypartly
18.0
floatable
26.0 65
AsforA
22.8
7.85
32.8
+8.30 59
25.2
26.0
floatable
AsforA
MB/RFOT
22.8 7.85 59
2stb./port
72
+18.85 A FOT2(I)
32.8
+8.30
25.3
+25.8 FOT1(I)
MBT1
Emotor
roomonly
partly
37.9
32.3
3.25 41
26.0
floatable
54.6
18.75
22.8
7.85 41
AsforA
26.8
+6.95
Forwardtorpedo
room
MBT5
9.65
MB/RFOT
2stb./port
MB/RFOT
4stb./port
B
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page99
UboatInformation
IX.DamageControl
11
Table3Measures
forleaksininternalroomswithadjacentexternaltanks
Leak
Emotor
room
MBT MBT MB/RFOT MB/RFOT FOT FOT Forward Remaining Total

torpedo buoyancy moment
m Trim 1
5
2
4
1(I) 2(I) room
tons
mt
94
34
141
MBT1
34
148
Diesel
engine
room
111 A
only
partly
33.9
35
only
partly
33.9
56
70
MB/RFOT
2stb./port
Petty
officers
70
only
partly
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room
MB/RFOT
2stb./port
Petty
officers
room
56
62
MB/RFOT
4stb./port
only
partly
9.5
89
only
partly
9.5
89
84
84
91
41
72
65
59
59
only
partly
only
partly
8.35
60
only
partly
A
3.92
RT2
stb./port
Control
room
8.35
RT2
stb./port
Control
room
70
15.24
R/RFOT1
stb./port
Petty
officers
room
15.24
only
partly
only
partly
3.92
72
only
partly
A
11.1
B
only
partly
18.0
Officers
only
andchief
partly
petty
104 A
officers
25.2
room
MB/RFOT
4stb./port
only
partly
Emotor
room
25.2
Page100
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12
IX.DamageControl
UboatInformation
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Leak
MBT MBT MB/RFOT MB/RFOT FOT FOT Forward Remaining Total

torpedo buoyancy moment
m Trim 1
5
2
4
1(I) 2(I) room
tons
mt
Forward
torpedo 97
room
only
partly
54.6
41
MBT5
only
partly
54.6
41
=Blow
=Drain
=Flood
Exceptincase1,theboatisstillfloatableaftertakingthesemeasures.WhentheE
motorroomandmainballasttank1areflooded,immediatemeasuresleadingto
weightreductionandtrimadjustment(table4)aretotaken.
Table4:Additionalmeasures
forweightreductionandtrimadjustment
Drain
Capacity Arm Moment
tons
meters
mt
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Bythebow:
1Afttorpedolaunched,tubedrained,torpedocompensatingtank
1drained
Aftdecktorpedocontaineremptied(1torpedo)
1reservetorpedo(Emotorroom)loadedandlaunchedtorpedo
compensatingtank1drained
Trimweightsaft
Trimtankaft
Dirtylubricatingoiltank
Lubricationoilsupplytankstb.
Lubricationoilsupplytankport
Lubricationoilcollectingtank
[probablyalinemissinghere]
1.600
26.46
+42.34
1.500
1.500
20.23
18.61
+30.35
+27.92
Empty
0.375
Empty
0.790
3.270
3.230
0.800
21.15
19.75
23.05
12.85
11.45
11.45
11.65
0
+7.40
0
+10.15
+37.44
+36.98
+9.32
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
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IX.DamageControl
13
Serial
Pump
Capacity
Arm
Moment
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No.
tons
meters
mt
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
Fueloilgravitytank
Fueloilcollectingtank
Freshwatertank1(galley)
Wastewatertank1
Fueloiltank1(I)
Regulatingandreservefueloiltank1portandstb.
Regulatingtank2portandstb.
0.730
0.425
2.625
0.760
37.900
9.400
Empty
11.50
9.55
7.05
6.05
3.25
3.25
0.1
+8.39
+4.06
+18.50
+4.60
+123.17
+30.55
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Bythestern:
Freshwatertank2(controlroom)
Wastewatertank2
Washwatertank(forwardtorpedoroom)
Fueloiltank2(I)
Freshwatertank3(officerroom)
Torpedocompensatingtanks2and3
Trimtankforward
Forwarddecktorpedocontainer
Trimweightforward
4bowtorpedoes(forwardtorpedoroom)loaded,launched,tubes
drained,torpedocompensatingtanks2and3drained
6reservetorpedoes(forwardtorpedoroom)loaded,launched,
torpedocompensatingtanks2and3drained
Loosetheanchor
andchain
0.465
0.485
0.485
32.800
0.785
Empty
Empty
1.500
0.375
6.400
+1.25
+7.75
+7.75
+8.30
+9.90
+15.25
+18.55
+19.18
+21.05
+25.56
0.58
3.76
3.76
272.24
7.77
0
0
28.77
7.89
163.58
9.000
+17.68 159.12
0.400
1.676
+26.45 10.60
+28.20 47.20
11
12
Allcapacitiesoftrim,regulatingandtorpedocompensatingtanksarecalculatedascompletelyfilled.
Page102
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UBoatTypeVIIC
14
IX.DamageControl
UboatInformation
d)
Leakagewiththeboatsubmergedandwiththeboatlyingonthebottom.
Beforeblowingallmainballasttanks,andmainballastandreservefueloiltanks,
toavoidwastingthecompressedair,incaseofasmallleakage,accordingtothe
DivingOperationsManual,thefollowingshouldbeconsidered:
1.Howmuchwaterpouredintotheboat?
2.Whichmainballasttanksareprobablydamagedandcannotbeblown?
3.Ifallundamagedmainballasttanks,andmainballastandreservefueloil
tanksareblown,willtheboatwillhavesufficientbuoyancytofloat?
ThereserveofcompressedairontypeVIICUboat:
3.900munderthepressure~200at
issufficientforaonetimefullblowof:
allmainballasttanksandmainballastandreservefueloiltanks(155m)ata
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depthof40meters.
Mainballasttanksonly(105m)atadepthof65meters.
Atdepth100metersonly71mcanbeblown.
Withsuddenwaterflooding,accordingtotheDivingOperationsManual,without
anywasteoftimeandwithoutregardingforcompressedairreserve,themain
ballasttanksandmainballastandreservefueloiltanksshouldbeblown
immediatelytotheperformancelimitofthecompressedair.However,theballast
tankslocatedoppositetotheleakage(mainballasttank1or5)shouldbeblown
cautiouslyornotatallinordertokeepanevenkeel.Theavoidanceofdangerous
trimangles,whichdespiteofavailablebuoyancysettheboatinclinedtothebow
orstern,isacrucialmatterinasubmergedboat.
Ifblowingissuccessful,andtheboatgetstothesurface,andwhenonlytheone
room(notcompartment)withadjacentexternaltanksisfullyflooded,by
immediatecounterballastinganddrainingaccordingtoTables2,3and4,theboat
canbekeptfloatable.
Ifthereisnotsufficientbuoyancytogettheboattothesurface,theleakagealways
leadstothefullfloodingofthewholecompartmentuptothe
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page103
UboatInformation
IX.DamageControl
15
controlroombulkhead.Exception:heavyleakage,whichfloodsthe
compartmentuntilpressureequalization.
Theamountofwaterwithfullyflooded:
CompartmentI
CompartmentII
CompartmentIII
ConningTower
(Afterrooms)
(Controlroom)
(Forwardrooms)
197m
45m
149m
10m
Theabilitytosurfaceinthesecasesexistsonlywhenthecontrolroom(aslongas
operationbythecrewispossible),theconningtowerorbotharefullyflooded.
Thepossibleweightreductionwhentheaftorforwardcompartmentarefully
floodedisnotsufficienttocreateenoughbuoyancy.
Whenthecontrolroom,stabilitydecreasesby1/6,whentheconningtoweris
fullyfloodedalsoby1/6.
Forboatlyingonthebottom,incaseofleakage,applytheruleswrittenabove.
Taketheboattothesurfaceslowlyonanevenkeelbyblowing,whichis:
inthecaseoffloodedcontrolroom,conningtowerorbothpossible(aslongas
operationbythecrewispossible).Thestabilityissufficient.Whencompartment
IorcompartmentIIIisflooded,surfacingisnolongerpossible.
Whentheboatistotallyfilledwithwater,thereisnostability.Theboatisstable
onlybecauseitislyingonthebottom.
3)Leakagecountermeasures.
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a)
Blowing.
Theinflowrateformula
Q=
*F*
showsthat,forexample,atthedepthh=50meters,theamountofwaterflooding
intotheboatthroughthesameholeis7timesgreaterthanatdepth1meter.
Blowingthemainballasttanksandmainballastandreservefueloiltanksis
thereforethefirstcountermeasuretodecreasethefloodingandbeingonthe
surfacegivesthepossibilityoflimitingleakageintotheroomsurfacingonan
evenkeelsothatnodangerous
Page104
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UBoatTypeVIIC
16
IX.DamageControl
UboatInformation
trimmomentsarecausedbythefreewatersurfaces.
Inadditiontothemainballasttanksandmainballastandreservefueloiltanks,the
regulatingtanksportandstb.canbealsobeblown.
b) Sealingthecompartments.
Allpressureandwatertightbulkheadsaretobeshut.
Shutisolatingvalvesonvoicetubeconnections:
InEmotorroom:
Incontrolroom:
c)
Sterntorpedotubeconningtowerandcontrolroom
Emotorroomdivingofficerstationandconningtower
DivingofficerstationEmotorroomandconningtower,bridge
Divingofficerstationandhelmsmanconningtower,bridge
Controlroomandconningtower(bothwithwhistleblowing
lines)Emotorroom
Controlroomandconningtower(bothwithwhistleblowing
lines)forwardtorpedotubes
Inofficersroom: Radioandlisteningroomconningtower
Inforward
Forwardtorpedoroomconningtowerandcontrolroom
torpedoroom:
Inconningtower: ConningtowerCommandingOfficer'sroom
Conningtowerradioroom
ConningtowerdivingofficerstationandEmotorroom
Thebulkheadstopvalvesinventilationintakeandexhaustlinesaretobeshutand
checkedfortightness.Checkthetightnessoftheconnectionsofthedrainlines
leadingtotheaftandforeshipfromthemaindrainingmanifold.
Sealingleaks.
Tosupportbulkheadsandsealleakages,thefollowingmaterialsareprovidedonthe
boat:
Leakshoringmaterial.
4
4
2
4
Leakshoringtimber 350x10x10cm
"
200x10x10cm
"
200x10x10cm
Boards
75x30x4cm
indieselengineroom
inforwardtorpedoroom
inafttorpedoroom
indieselengineroom
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"
75x30x4cm
inforwardtorpedoroom
Sealingofthewatertightbulkheadsispossibleonlywhentheleaksoccurwhile
surfaced.
UBoatTypeVIIC
A.ShipInformation
Page105
UboatInformation
IX.DamageControl
17
d)
DamageControlKits.
1eachin
Forwardtorpedoroom
Controlroom
AfttorpedoroomandEmotorroom
Contentsofdamagecontrolkits:
1 Pincherpliers
1 Hammer
1 Screwdriver(adjustable)
1 Prybar
1 Chisel
1 Hatchet
2 Crosscutchisel
1 Flatchisel
1 Handsaw
2 Driftpins/punches
30 Nails(3"to5")
20 Wedges(varioussizes)
20 Leakplugs(varioussizes)
2 Clamps,oakum.
Leakcanvas.
Onlyonsupportship.
Pumping.
Theperformanceofmaindrainpumpwhichis
1300liters/minuteinparallelmodeatapressureheadof15metersH2O
isachievableonlywhendrainingfromthecontrolroom.Duetoflowresistancein
pipelinesthehighestperformancefortheaftershipis:700liters/minuteinparallel
modeatapressureheadof15metersH2O.
Fortheforeshipitis:550liters/minuteinparallelmodeatapressureheadof15
metersH2O.
Withthisperformance,leakagethroughholesofthefollowingcrosssectionsat
differentdepthscanbepumpedout.
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A.ShipInformation
UBoatTypeVIIC
18
IX.DamageControl
UboatInformation
Leakcrosssectionincm
Water
depth
in
meters
Maindrain
pump
operating
mode
Aftership
ControlRoom
Foreship
700liters/minute//
1300liters/minute/
550liters/minute//
500"
500"
500"
1
2
3
4
10
20
50
100
//
//
//
//
//
//
//
31
22
18
15
10
7
4
2
57
41
33
29
18
13
8
2
24
17
14
12
8
5
3
2
//=parallelmode=seriesmode
ThevaluesarecalculatedfromQ=
*F*
with
=0.85
(sharpedgedhole).Thedrainperformanceby//andmodearesimilaruptodepth
of57meters.Atgreaterdepththeperformanceby//modedecreasesstrongly.In
practiceyoushouldswitchtothemodeatadepthof50meters.Bythehookupof
theauxiliarytrimanddrainpump(358liters/minute)inserialtothesuctionand
pressurelinesofthemaindrainpump,thedrainperformanceatdepthsgreaterthan
50meterswasincreasedduringtrialsby40%.
e) Weightrelief.
SeeTable4inparagraph2c.
4)Escapefromasunkenboat.
a) Escapeprocedures.
Assoonasitbecomesclear,thattheboatisnotabletosurface,immediately,without
waitingforanyhelp,thecrewpreparesforescape.Pressureequalizationtakesplace
byintentionalfloodingofthepressurizedcompartmentortheentireboat.Forthe
closureswhichshouldbeopenedseeparagraph4d.
UBoatTypeVIIC
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A.ShipStudy
Page107
IX.DamageControl
19
Escapefromthecontrolroomtakesplaceviatheconningtower,fromtheaftership
throughthegalleyhatch,andfromtheforeship(ifcontrolroomisnotaccessible)
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throughthetorpedohatch.Inthelastcase,thereisnoairtrapprovidedbutasmall
amountofairremainsbetweentheframes,intheupperpartofthepressurehull.
Immediatelyafterbeginningflooding,thecoveroftheescapehatchisunscrewed,so
thatwhenthepressureisequalized,thecovercanberaisedandfloodingprocesswill
beaccelerated.Intheforwardtorpedoroomthecrewistogathernearthetorpedo
hatch(tokeepincontactwitheachother),becauseafterfloodingorientation
becomesdifficult.Tokeepsecurefromwaterinrush,thecrewshouldstayhigh,with
legssupportedbyopenedlockerdoorsorupperbunks.
b) Influenceofchlorinegas,nitrogenandoxygen.
Allavailablemeansmustbeusedtofloodtheboatasquicklyaspossiblebecause
stayinginafloodedboatatseapressureislimitedby:
Influenceofchlorinegas
Influenceofnitrogen(thebends,decompressionsickness)
Influenceofoxygen(oxygentoxicity).
InfluenceofChlorineGas
Thechlorinegasiscreatedwhenthebatteriesarefloodedwithseawater.Itcanbe
recognizedbythestinging,strongsmellandforcestheuseoftheescapegear.
InfluenceofNitrogen
Thebreathingbagfillingstatevariesbetweentwoboundarycases:anoxygenrich
andoxygenpoormixture.Theformerlimitsthemaximumstayingtimeunder
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20
IX.DamageControl
UBoatTypeVIIC
UBoatStudy
pressureduetonitrogeneffects,whilethelatterislimitedbythedamagecausedby
oxygen.
Forfillingthebreathingbagwithanoxygenpoormixture,airwiththefollowing
atmosphericproportionisused:~80%N2and~20%O2,withoutaddingoxygen
fromtheoxygenflask.Themaximumlengthofstayingwithoutsymptomsofthe
bendsisshowninTable1.
Forfillingthebreathingbagwithanoxygenrichmixture,thefollowingproportionis
used:~20%N2and~80%O2.Themaximumlengthofstayingwithoutsymptomsof
oxygentoxicityisshowninTable2.
Atdepthbelow20meterswiththebreathingbagtheremustalwaysbeasufficient
amountofN2asadilutingagentfortheoxygen,becausethelatterisharmfulatan
overpressureof2at.Thenitrogenalsogivesthesensation,thatthereisbreathing
airavailableitremainsinthesamequantity,asnousagetakesplace.Whenthe
oxygencontentdropsbelow10%,themixtureisnolongercapableofbeingbreathed.
Theinfluenceofnitrogenisnotpredictable.Itisnotalwaysharmful,whilethe
symptomsofoxygentoxicityalwaysappearafteracertaintime.Therehavebeen
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casesofescapingfromadepthof40meters,afterremainingonehourunder
pressure,withoutanyaftereffects.
Inthefirstboundarycase,theoxygenpoorairmixture(~80%N2and~20%O2,)is
notlikelytocausesymptomsofthebendsaftercontinuoussurfacing,whenthe
followingtimesarenotexceeded:
Table1:OxygenpoorGasairMixture
DivingDepth
20meters
30meters
40meters
50meters
60meters
70meters
80meters
StayingTime
3060minutes
2025"
15"
12"
8"
4"
3"
UBoatTypeVIIC
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A.ShipStudy
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IX.DamageControl
21
Thereisafavourableeffect,thatthehighestpressureisexperiencedonlyforthe
shortesttimeitmustbewithstoodatthepressureequalizationtime.While
surfacing,thepressureisdecreasing.Thebreathingbaginnormalcasesisfilled
withtheoxygenpoorairmixture.Theshortfloodingtimeatdepthdownto50
metersisachievedwiththemediumcrosssectionholes.Atdeeperdepths,after
beginningflooding,assoonasthewatercounterpressureallows,thelargershutters
(torpedotubes)aretobeopened.
Surfacingwithdecompressionstopsafterstayinglongerunderthepressureisin
generalnotperformedduetothehourusagelimitofthebreathingbag,coldwater,
lackoftimeandexistenceofonlyoneleadrope.Generally,thesurfaceshouldbe
reachedasfastaspossible.
Aftertreatmentforrapidlydecompressedcrewsisalwaysrequired.Theymuststay
inthepressurizedchamberorUboatroomsat0.90.3atoverpressure.Whenthe
pressurizedchamberisnotavailable,withtheassistanceofauxiliaryships,aftera
shortrest(1minute)atthesurface,theyshoulddivebacktoadepthof35meters,
untilthebreathingbag'sCO2absorbentcartridgesareexhausted.
InfluenceofOxygen.
Theinfluenceofoxygenunderhighpressureisnoticeableafteracertaintimein
everycase.Itiscausedbyunboundoxygeninthebloodandleadstothetrembling
ofthelimbs,bodyspasmsandfinallytolossofconsciousness.Movementandbody
effortspeeduptheappearanceofoxygentoxicitysymptoms.Whilesurfacing,this
chemicallyunboundO2isalmostasharmfulasnitrogen.ComparedwithN2,the
advantageis,thatgrowingbubblesaregraduallychemicallybound.Whilethebends
symptomsdonotalwaysappear,pressurizedoxygenisalwaystoxicaftercertain
time.Trialswith100%O2proved,thattheoxygentoxicitysymptomsappearafter
followingtimes:
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IX.DamageControl
UBoatTypeVIIC
UBoatStudy
under3atoverpressure
"4"
"5"
"6"
in35minutes
"15"
"10"
"5"
Inthesecondboundarycase,whichcanoccurwhilesurfacingwiththebreathing
bag,occurswhenanoxygenrich,80%O2and20%N2mixtureused.Trialshave
provedthattheseproportionscauseoxygentoxicitysymptomsaftertimeasshownin
table2.Theexperimentalvalue(developedbyDrger)forthemaximumstaying
timeatadetermineddepthisderivedfromtheformulaO2partialpressure
respectivetodepthandpossiblestayingtimeresultinginconstantproductequalto
50at*minutes.
TheO2partialpressureisi.e.at80%oxygencontentatdepth0metersequalto0.8
at,atdepth10metersequalto1.6atandsoon.
Table2:OxygenrichMixture
Divingdepth
O2Partialpressure
StayingTime
meters
at
=50:O2at
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0.8
1.6
2.4
3.2
4.0
4.8
5.6
6.4
7.2
8.0
8.8
62min
31"
21"
16"
13"
10"
9"
8"
7"
6"
5.7"
Stayingtimeatshallowdepthscanbeevenlonger.Atdepth70100meters(trials
notperformed)itissafertokeepthetimeshorter.Thesetimesweredesignatedwith
respecttooxygentoxicitysymptomsandcanbesafelyclosedup.Theinfluenceof
N2at80%O2fillingisirrelevant.
Thehighgradeoxygenmixtureatgreaterdepthsisalwaysharmfulwhenspecified
timesareexceeded,whilethebendsifanoxygenpoormixtureisused
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IX.DamageControl
23
c)
A.ShipStudy
donotalwaysappear,socloseattentionshouldbepaidwhenfillingwithoxygen.
Consideringallinfluences,thebreathingbagisfilledasfollowsforescaping.
Airwithatmosphericproportionfromboat'sinsideisusedasanagentfordiluting
theoxygen.Thebreathingbagisfilledbybreathingoutair,uptothehalfofthe
volume.Then,asmallamountofoxygenisadded,tillthebreathingbagisfilledup
toofthevolume.Thusthereisalmost50%contentofoxygen.Thebreathingbag
isreadyforuse.Whilethefloodinggoeson,theairinsidetheboatisstill
breathable,althoughbecauseofincreasingpressurethelungscontainingalarger
amountofair.Whenthestingingsmellisnoticeable(chlorinegas),thebreathing
bagshouldbeusedimmediately.
Whenthebreathingmixturespecifiedaboveisused,therearesufficientsafety
marginsthatnosymptomsofthebendsoroxygentoxicityaretobeexpected,if
stayingtimesfromtable1arenotexceeded.
Thepracticaluseoftheemergencyescapegear.
Whenusingthebreathingbag,thefundamentalissuetodetermineisiftherewillbe
divingfromthesurfacedowntodepth,orsurfacingfromdepthuptothesurface.
Whendivingfromthesurfaceintothedepththebreathingbagshouldbeemptied
andthenfilledwithoxygen.Inthiscase,theoxygenisnotharmful,whenadepthof
20meterswillnotbeexceeded.
Whenescapingfromasunkenboatfromadepthofgreaterthan20meters,the
oxygencanbeusedonlywhendilutedwithair.Thefollowingrulesapply:
A.Beforeflooding:
Putontheescapegearwhenordered.
Breathouttheboat'sairintothebreathingbag,tillthebagishalffull.
Closethemouthpiece.
Addtheoxygen,untilthebagisthreequatersfull.
(pureoxygenwithoutaironlyatdepthsdownto20meters)
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IX.DamageControl
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d)
B.Beforeescapingandwhenchlorinegaspresent:
Putthemouthpieceintothemouth.
Putonthenoseclamp.
(theoverpressurevalvemustbeloosened)
C.Whileescaping:
Breatheouttheairthroughthecornerofthemouth.
D.Aftersurfacing:
Securetheoverpressurevalve.
Floodingoptionsandfloodingtime.
Consideringpreviouslydiscussedinfluencesofpressurizednitrogenandoxygen,on
typeVIICUboatsthefollowingopeningsforfastfloodingcanbeused:
Floodingaftershiptothecontrolroombulkhead:
Narrowest
FloodOpening
mm
cm
1.1.)
2.2.)
3.3.)
4.4.)
5.5.)
6.6.)
7.7.)
AtseawaterfilterafttorpedoandEmotorroom
"Seawaterintakeforcoolingpumpandfloodingtorpedo
compensationtank"
50
19.6
"Hullvalveforseawaterintakeforcoolingpumpand
floodingtorpedocompensationtank"
Casing"Coolingwaterdischarge"
"Hullvalveforcoolingwaterdischarge"
50
19.6
Frommanholetorpedocompensatingtank1(batterin)bow
captorpedotube5outerdoor
"Torpedotube5floodinganddrainlines"inpassageway
72
40.8
Atstb.coolingwaterlinefilterinthedieselengineroom:
"Waterintakeforcoolingpumpstb."
110
95.0
"Hullvalveforseawaterintakeforcoolingpumpstb."
Atportcoolingwaterlinefilterinthedieselengineroom:
"Seawaterintakeforcoolingpumpport"
110
95.0
"Hullvalveforseawaterintakeforcoolingpumpport"
Fromcoolingwatergravitytank:removecocksinfueloil
compensatingwaterlineindieselengineroom
"Fueloilcompensatingwaterlinehullvalve"
70
38.5
RemovecheckvalveinW.C.pettyofficerroom
"Outercockgroupon"
65
33.3
"Innercockgroupon"
Totalfloodingcrosssectioncm:
341.8
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UBoatStudy
Waterdepth
inmeters
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Flooding
timein
minutes
18.5
15.7
13.8
12.2
10.9
9.9
9.3
8.3
8.0
7.7
Belowadepthof50meters,floodingtimethroughabovementionedopeningsis
greaterthanrequiredforavoidingthebends.Additionally,thelastescapingcrew
memberineachcaseisexposedlongertothehighpressure.Toshortenthistime,
afterfloodingbegins,assoonasdecreasingpressuredifferenceallows,thetorpedo
tubeistobeopened(floodingtheaftershipthroughtheafttorpedotubeonlyat
depth50meterslasts53second,thefloodingrateis30meters/second).Toflood
additionallythroughtheafttorpedotube:
Removeinterlocks,
Openthebreechdoor,
Opentheouterdoor.
Floodingcontrolroomandconningtower:
mm
Viathebilgefilterandhoseconnection(suctionline)
"Suctionconnectionofthemaindrainpump"
100
"Connectiontothefloodinganddrainagemanifold"
"Seawaterintakeforfloodingregulatingtank"
"Controlroombottomvalve"
"Hullvalveforseawaterintakeforfinefloodingof
theregulatingtanks"
"Connectionforfloodingregulatingtanks,regulating
andreservefueloiltanksstb.andport"
"Regulatingandregulatingandreservefueloiltanks
stb.andportventlines.
4x35
"Negativebuoyancytanksstb.andportventlines"
2x55
Overthelockerforstarsignalcartridges
"Hullvalveforfloodingmunitionsmagazine"
"Connectionforfloodingstarsignalcartridges"
35
Attheregulatingdischargevalveforthemaindrain
pump
"Maindrainpumpdischarge"
"Hullvalveformaindrainpumpdischarge"
90
Conningtowerairoutboardvalve
40
1.1.)
2.2.)
3.3.)
4.4.)
5.5.)
6.6.)
25
IX.DamageControl
NarrowestFlood
Opening
cm
78.5
38.5
47.6
9.6
63.6
12.6
250.6
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26
IX.DamageControl
UBoatStudy
Waterdepth
inmeters
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Flooding
timein
minutes
6.9
5.8
5.1
4.5
4.1
3.7
3.4
3.1
2.9
2.8
mm
cm
Manholetorpedocompensatingtanks2and3(batter
in)
"Hullvalveseawaterintakeforfloodingtorpedo
compensationtanks2and3"
70
38.5
"Floodingtorpedocompensatingtank2"
"Floodingtorpedocompensationtank3"
Torpedotubes2and4outerdoors
"Torpedotubes2and4floodinganddrainvalves"in
passageway
"Torpedotube2drainingconnection"
72
40.8
Torpedotubes1and3outerdoors
"Torpedotubes1and3"floodinganddrainvalves"in
passageway
"Torpedotube3drainingconnection"
72
40.8
CheckvalveWCpettyofficersroom
"Outercocksgroup"
"Innercocksgroup"
33.3
Torpedolowpressureaircontrol
"2cocksateachtube"
8x15
14.5
Totalfloodingcrosssectioncm=
167.9
====================================
2.2.)
3.3.)
4.4.)
5.5.)
NarrowestFlood
Opening
Furtherfloodingoptionsthroughmainballasttank3:
"Closethefloodvalves".
Releasepressurethroughthe"auxiliarytrimanddrainpumpdischarge".
Removemanholecovermainballasttank3.
Openthemainballasttank3vents(2x400mm=2x1256cm).
Floodingforeshipfromcontrolroombulkhead:
1.1.)
Waterdepth
inmeters
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Flooding
timein
minutes
28.6
24.2
21.2
18.7
16.8
15.2
14.1
12.6
12.4
12
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IX.DamageControl
27
Theforeshipfloodingtimeisthelongest.Atdepthsbelowthe30metersitisgreater,
thanrequiredforavoidingthebends.Assoonasdecreasingpressuredifference
allows,thecompartmentisadditionallyfloodedthroughtheforwardtorpedotube
(thecrewhavetotakeplacesinupperpartsofcompartment).
Tofloodadditionallythroughoneforwardtorpedotube(floodingtheforeship
throughonlyoneforwardtorpedotubeatdepth50meterslasts40seconds,the
floodingrateis30meters/second):
Removeinterlocks
Openthebreechdoor
Opentheouterdoor
Whenthecontrolroomisaccessible:
"Hullvalveforfloodingthemunitionsmagazine(65mm)"
"Munitionsmagazinefloodvalve"
"Demolitionchargesstoragefloodvalve"
Floodingtheconningtower
Conningtowerairoutboardvalve
NarrowestFlood
Opening
mm
40
cm
12.55
Page115
A.ShipStudy
Waterdepth
inmeters
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Flooding
timein
minutes
15.4
13.0
11.4
10.1
9.0
8.2
7.6
7.0
6.7
6.4
Floodingtheentireboat
Floodingtheentireboattakesplacewiththesameopeningsasforfloodingthesinglecompartments.
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IX.DamageControl
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Computationoffloodingtime
Thetimeneededforfloodingthepressurizedcompartmenttillthepressure
equalizationatescapinghatch,iscalculatedfromthefollowingformula:
L=airvolumeinthecompartmentabouttoflood..................m3
F=crosssectionofthefloodopening...................................cm2
=valveflowcoefficientdependingonthelinetype
Atdepthsbelow4metersitisequalto:
forlineswithoutvalves
forlineswithonevalveonly
for2linesconnectedbyvalves 0.3
0.6
0.5
=coefficientdependingonthewaterpressureaccordingtothediagram:
Itshouldbenotedthatatshallowdepths,thepressureisequalizedbeforethewater
levelreachestheloweredgeoftheairtrapcoaming.Fromthatmoment,special
attentionshouldbepaiduntiltheexcessairleaksthroughthehatchandthewater
levelrisesuptotheairtrapcoaming.Theadditionalfloodingtime(afteropening
thehatchcover)isnotincludedinthecalculation.Whentheadditionalopeningsare
opened(torpedotubes,manholes,mainballasttank3),theboatcanbeabandonedin
1minuteorless.
UBoatTypeVIIC
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IX.DamageControl
29
5)Gashazard.
Inthewarzonetheappearanceofoffensivewarfare,explosive,combustiongasesas
wellassmokescreensistobeexpected.Whengasesentertheboat,theescapegear
istobeusedandthevesselistobequicklyriggedfordiveexceptthatthediesel
engineairinductiontrunkistobeopened.
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Afterpassingthroughthedangerzone,allcompartmentsaretobeventilatedwiththe
airblowersandallcornersandpocketsaretobeblownoutwithcompressedair.
6)Firehazard.
Thefiresourcesinsidetheboatcanbefoughtwithportablefireextinguishers,atthe
upperdeckadditionallywiththefirehoseandnozzlefromthedeckwashline.
Theoxygenflasks,dieselenginestartingairflasksandhighpressureairbanksarein
certaincircumstancesincaseoflargefirestobeemptied:oxygenflasksthroughthe
intakelinesoutboard,startingflasksthroughthedieselEngines,highpressureair
banksintotheballasttanks.Tofightfiresintheelectricinstallation,thedryfire
extinguishersareused.Endangeredmainandauxiliaryswitchboardsareshutdown
(disconnectedbymeansofautomaticbatterycircuitbreakers).Endangered
munitionsmagazinesaretobefloodedimmediately.
Whenthefirecannotbefoughtwithavailableextinguishingequipment,the
endangeredcompartmentistobeabandonedandsegregated(escapegearistobe
taken).
7)Fireextinguishingequipmentandfloodinginstallation.
ForfireextinguishingequipmentseeparagraphVIII1c.
FloodinginstallationseeparagraphVIII1d.
8)Drainageandcompressedairsystems.
DrainageinstallationseeparagraphVIII1e.
CompressedairsystemseeparagraphIII4.
Page118
B.Machinery
UBoatTypeVIIC
I.PropulsionPlant
UboatInformation
ChapterB.Machinery.
I.Propulsionplant.
1)M.A.N.dieselengineinstallation.
ThedieselengineinstallationforsomeTypeVIICboatsconsistsof2M.A.N.
engineswithassociatedauxiliarymachinery.Theenginesaresingleactingfour
cyclewithfuelsprayinjectionandsupercharging.Bothenginesarereversible.
a) M.A.N.generalandperformancefigures.
Type
RatedPower
M.A.N.Marinedieselengine,TypeM6V40/46
withforcedinductionbyBuchisupercharger
Fullload1400SHP
Overload1500SHP
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RotationalSpeed
Fueloilconsumption
Cylinders
SuperchargerSpeed
Cylinderdiameter
PistonStroke
PistonDisplacement
Overalllength
Overallheight
Overallwidth
Maximumload1600SHP
470/480/490RPM
231kg/hour(fullload)
6
940010900RPM
400mm
460mm
6x57.8liters
5630mm
2810mm
1400mm
UboatTypeVIIC
B.Machinery
Page119
UboatInformation
I.PropulsionPlant
b)
ConstructionoftheM.A.N.propulsionplant.
Thelowersupportfortheengineblockandthecrankshaftbearingsisthebed
plate.Itisbuiltfromthreelying,openframes,whichareheldbyfittingbolts.
Thebottompartoftheframesformtheoilpan.
(Seedrawingpage130)
Theengineblockconsistsofalowerpart,upperpart,andthetopflangeplate.
Thelowerpartisweldedtogetherfromseveralparts.Theupperpartofthe
engineblockconsistsoffreestanding,separatecylinderbarrelsandadmission
ofthereversinggear.Theseareseparatelyboltedontothelowerpart.Onthe
upperpartthecontinuoustopflangeplateasamaingirderisfastenedtothe
cylinderbarrelsbyboltsandshearpins.Theengineblockisconnectedwith
thebedplatebyfittingbolts.Thecylindercoversarepressedtotheblockby
studsandthusformtheuppercounterbearingforthecylindercans.
Thetierodsextendfromthebedplatetothetopflangeplate.Theyrelievethe
engineblockofthecombustionforcesandtransferthesedirectlytothesupport
bearingsinthebedplate.
Thecamshaftissituatedatmidheightintheengine,fromwhichthepushrods
engagetheintakeandexhaustvalvesinthecylinderhead.Thefuelpumpsare
likewisepropelledbycamsonthecamshaft.
Theengineisreversedbymeansofcompressedair.Thereversalisdoneby
raisingtherollsforpushrodsofthevalverockerarmsandoilpumpsandthen
shiftingthecamshafts.
Thefuelisinjectedintothecombustionchamberofeachcylinderbyfueloil
injectionpumpsthroughtypeM.A.N.injectionnozzles.Oilfromthefeed
pump(gearedtype)issuppliedtotheindividualfueloilinjectionpumps.Fuel
oilregulationisdoneviaansafetyautomaticcontroller(centrifugalgovernor),
whichrespondswhenthemaximumpermissibleenginespeedisexceeded.
(overflowvalve).
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Page120
B.Machinery
UBoatTypeVIIC
I.PropulsionPlant
UboatInformation
c)
1.
2.
Charging(increaseintheamountofairtoburn)takesplaceviaaBchitype
supercharger.Theturbineisdrivenbytheexhaustgases.Theenginedevelops
improvedperformancewithconstantcharging.
AuxiliarymachineryassociatedwithM.A.N.engines.
Superchargers.
ThesuperchargerisaBchitypechargerfromB.B.C.Mannheim.Theblower
increasesscavengingofthecombustionchamberafterthepowerstroke,
coolingthepistonsurface,cylinderheadsandexhaustvalves,aswellasfilling
thecylinderswithagreatervolumeofairforthepowercycle.
Intakeairissuppliedbyturboblower,whosedrivetakesplaceviaaturbine
propelledbytheexhaustgasesoftheengine.
Exhaustgasturbineandintakeblowersareassembledtoamountingsetonthe
clutchsideoftheengine.
Pumps.
Coolingwaterpump.
Thecoolingwaterforcoolingtheenginelubricatingoilcooler,thecylinder
barrels,cylinderheads,exhaustvalvesandexhaustmanifoldsisfedbya
doublepistonpump.Thedriveofthepumptakesplaceviathecrank,whichis
propelledbygearwheeltransmissionfromthecrankshaft(Ratio2:1).
Lubricatingoilpump.
Theentireengineaswellasallimportantcontactsurfacesarelubricatedby
pressurizedoil.Lubricatingoilisdistributedbyagearpump,whichislocated
overthecoolingwaterpump.Theoilpumpisdrivenbythegearwheelfrom
thecoolingwaterpumpdrive.Thepressureofthelubricatingoiliscontrolled
bymeansofpressurecontrolvalveattheoperatingstation.
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B.Machinery
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I.PropulsionPlant
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Fueloilfeedpump.
Thefueloilfeedpumpisagearpumpandislocatedontheclutchsideofthe
engine.Itisdrivenfromthecamshaft.Thepumpfeedsthefueloilintothe
individualfueloilinjectionpumpsassociatedwitheachcylinder.
Fueloilinjectionpump.
Eachcylinderhasitsownassociatedfueloilinjectionpump.Thepump
plungerispropelledbycamsonthecamshaft.Theregulationoftheamountof
fueloildependingonloadoccursthroughaspilloffvalvewhichallowspartof
thepressurizedfueloiltobackflowtothesuctionmanifold.
Thehydraulicgovernoroilpump.
Theoilneededforautomaticadjustingofthefueloilinjectionpumpsistaken
fromthelubricatingoillineandissuppliedtothehydraulicgovernorbya
specialsmallgearpump.Thispumpisattacheddirectlytothehydraulic
governorandisdrivenbythisgovernor.
Superchargeroilpump.
Thepumpisresponsibleforlubricatingthebearingsofthesupercharger.Itisa
geardrivenpumpandisflangemountedtotheinletofthechargerturbine.The
driveshaftiscoupledwiththeturbineshaftanddrivesthepumpgearsthrough
awormgear.Theturbineoilpumpdrawstheoilfromitsowntankandforces
itbythehollowboredwormshafttothebearingsoftheturbineshaft.Theoil
runningfromthebearingsflowsbackintothetank.
Auxiliarycoolingwaterpump.
Incaseofafailureofthecoolingpumpsattachedtotheengines,anelectrically
drivencentrifugalpumpservingasauxiliarycoolingwaterpumpisprovidedin
thedieselengineroom.Pumpperformanceis48m/houratadischargehead
of30meters.Thepumpcasingisdirectlyconnectedwithitsdrivingmotor.
Page122
B.Machinery
UBoatTypeVIIC
I.PropulsionPlant
UboatInformation
Handcoolingwaterpump.
Thehandoperatedwaterpumpisdesignedasadoubleactingpistonpump.It
drawsseawateranddischargesittothecoolingwatercontrolmanifold.
Auxiliarylubricatingoilpump.
Theauxiliarylubricatingoilpumpservesforthelubricatingoftheengines
beforestartup,andbacksuptheattachedengineoilpumpsincaseoffailure.
Thepumpisanelectricallydrivenverticallyarrangedscrewpumpandsupplies
38m/hourofoilatadischargehead50ofmetersH2Owithatleast5meters
suctioninlethead.Theauxiliarylubricatingoilpumpcanbeusedbychange
overforthedistributionoffueloil.
Handlubricatingoilpump.
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Thehandlubricatingoilpumpisusedtorefillthelubricatingoilcollecting
tanks,forthelubricationoftheenginesbeforethestartup,andincaseof
failureasanauxiliarylubricatingoilpump.Itisbuiltasadoubleactingpiston
pump.Itsperformanceis4.3m/hour.
SeeparagraphBII.2.
3)Governors,filters,lubricatingoilcooler,startingairtanks(M.A.N.).
Overspeedgovernor.
Inordertopreventengineoverspeedbecauseofasuddenreductionofload,an
automaticgovernorisprovided,whichdecreasesfueldeliverytoprevent
exceedingthemaximumpermissibleenginespeed.Thegovernordoesnot
actuatedirectlyontheadjustingshaft,butactuatesthepilotvalveofthe
hydraulicgovernor.
Hydraulicgovernor.
Thehydraulicgovernoramplifiesandtransfersoutputofthecentrifugal
governortothecontrollinkageofthefueloilpumps.Thetransferand
amplificationisdonebymeansoflubricatingoilwhichissuppliedtothe
governorunderapressureof68kg/cmbyasmallcoupledgearpump.The
centrifugalgovernoractuatesthepilotvalve,whichallowstheflowoftheoil.
UBoatTypeVIIC
B.Machinery
Page123
UboatInformation
I.PropulsionPlant
Thecontrollinkageofthefueloilinjectionpumpsistherebymovedbyapiston
shiftedbythepressurizedoil.Theenginereceivesmoreorrespectivelyless
fueloil.Movingbackthepilotvalveinterruptsthepathoftheoilandthespeed
regulatingprocessiscompleted.
Filter.
ThepurifyingofthefueloilisdonebymeansofECedgediskfiltersandfor
purifyinglubricatingoilanEC2stageedgediskfilterisused.Fueloiland
lubricatingoilfilterscanbecleanedwhileinservicebyturningthehandle.
Lubricatingoilcooler.
Thewarmoilheatedbyfrictionsurfacesiscooledinlubricatingoilcoolers.
Thecoolersarebuiltastubecoolers.Seawaterflowsthroughthetubes
combinedintoabundle,whiletheoilflowsaroundtheradiator.Thecooling
installationisdesignedsothatthecoolerscanbebypassed.
Startingairtanks.
Enginesarestartedbyairunderapressureof30at.Thereversinggearisalso
operatedbythesamecompressedair.Eachenginehasanassociated125liter
airtank.Theairtankoperationalpressureis75at.Itisequippedwitharelief
valve,stopvalve,adrainvalveandapressuregaugevalve.
1)G.W.dieselengineinstallation.
DieselengineinstallationofsomeTypeVIICboatsconsistsof2G.W.engines
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DieselengineinstallationofsomeTypeVIICboatsconsistsof2G.W.engines
withassociatedauxiliarymachinery.Theenginesaresingleactingfourcycle
withfuelsprayinjectionandsupercharging.Bothenginesarereversible.
Page124
B.Machinery
UBoatTypeVIIC
I.PropulsionPlant
UboatInformation
a)
G.W.generalandperformancefigures.
Type
b)
Power
Speed
Fueloilconsumption
Cylinders
Cylinderdiameter
Stroke
Displacement
Overalllength
Overallheight
Overallwidth
GermaniawerftMarinedieselengine,Modele.v.
40/46withforcedinductionbyRootstypeblower
Fullload1400SHP
Overload1500SHP
Maximumload1600SHP
470/480/490RPM
254kg/hour(fullload)
6
400mm
460mm
6x57.8liters
5600mm
2895mm
1525mm
ConstructionoftheGWpropulsionplant.
Bedplateandengineblock(lowerpart)areconstructedasoneweldedblock,
whichconsistsofsingle,verticallystandingcaststeelframes,whichareheld
downbyweldedsteelplate.Thetwocylinderblocks(threecylinderseach)are
connectedwiththisbedplatebymeansoftierodspassingthroughflangeson
theloweredgeofthecylinders.Thesetierodsrelievetheworkingcylindersof
thecombustiongasforcesandtransferthemtotheupperpartoftheraisedbed
plate.Thecylinderheadsarepressedbystudsontheworkingcylindersand
thusformtheupperabutmentforthecylindercans.Thefueloilisinjectedinto
eachcylinderbyafueloilinjectionpump(Boschdesign)andafueloilinjector
(typeG.W.)intothecombustionchamber.Oilfromafueloilfeedpump(gear
pump)istransmittedtotheindividualfueloilinjectionpumps.Thedelivery
rateofthefueloilpumpsiscontrolledbyshiftingtheregulatorlinkage
(changingvolumebymeansofbevelededge).Thecontrolregulatorlinkage
canbemovedbygovernoraswellasbyfueloilcontrolleverattheoperating
station.Thegovernoris
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B.Machinery
Page125
UboatInformation
I.PropulsionPlant
c)
1.
builtasacentrifugalgovernorandisdrivenbyanidlergearfromthecamshaft
drive.Charging(increaseintheamountofairtoburn)takesplaceviaaRoots
typesupercharger(G.W.type).Thechargerisarrangedontheclutchsideof
theengineandisdrivenfromthecrankshaftbymeansofgearwheelsthrougha
hydraulicclutch.Thishydraulicclutchandinterlockingmechanismallowsthe
chargertobeusedonlywhiledrivingforwardandengaginganddisengagingit
onlywhentheengineisrunning.Cylinderbarrels,cylinderheads,exhaust
valvesandexhaustmanifoldsarecooledbyseawater,whichisfedbya
coupledcoolingwaterpump(pistonpump).
Thecoupledlubricatingoilpumps(gearpump)feedlubricatingoilthatisused
tooperatethehydraulicgovernoraswellasforlubricationofthecrankshaft
bearings,cylinderbarrels,camshaftbearings,thefueloilpumpcontrollinkage
anddriveaswellasforsuperchargerblowers.Theenginecanbereversed
eitherbymeansofcompressedairorbymeansofaspecialhandoilpump.
Alteringthedirectioniscontrolledbyshiftingthecamshaftinthelongitudinal
direction,sothatthecamsfortheoppositedirectionofrotationengagepush
rodrolls.
AuxiliarymachineryassociatedwithG.W.engines.
Superchargers.
Inordertohaveagreaterairsupplyavailable,aRootstypeblowerismounted
ontheclutchsideoftheengine.Theblowerispoweredfromthecrankshaftof
theenginebymeansofgearwheels.Theblowerisdrivenbymeansofawrap
springcoupling,whichpreventstorsionvibrationsandwhichtakesupthe
distortionoftherotatingmotion.Thesuperchargerclutchisadoubleconetype
whichcanbeengagedanddisengagedfromtheoperationstationonlywhilein
"Ahead"drive,andonlywhentheengineisrunningatfulloperationalspeed.
Inordertopreservethefrictionlining,theoperatingspeedistobeloweredif
possiblewhenengagingtoon.
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2.
Pumps.
Coolingwaterpump.
Thecoolingwaterforcoolingtheengineoilcooler,cylinderbarrels,cylinder
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Thecoolingwaterforcoolingtheengineoilcooler,cylinderbarrels,cylinder
headsandtheexhaustisfedbyadoublepistonpump,whichisatthefrontof
theengine.Thedrivetakesplaceviaacrank,whichisdrivenbygearwheel
transmissionfromthecrankshaftoftheengine.Asafetyvalveonthedischarge
sideofthepumpshouldrespondwhenoutletvalvesareclosed.
Lubricatingoilpump.
Theentireengineaswellasallimportantcontactsurfacesarelubricatedbyoil
fedfromlubricatingoilpressurelineunderappropriate,reducedpressure.The
lubricatingoilpumpisdrivenbythegearwheelofthecoolingwaterpump
drive.Itisagearpumpandoperatesinbothdirectionsofrotation.The
adjustmentofoilpressuretakesplaceviaapressurecontrolvalvefromthe
operatingstation.
Fueloilfeedpump.
Thefueloilissuppliedbyaspecialfeedpumpfromthegravityfueloiltankto
thefueloilinjectionpumps.Itisagearpumpandissuitableforboth
directionsofrotation.Itisarrangedoverthecamshaft.
Forthecoolingoftheenginesincaseoffailurethecoupledcoolingwaterpump
anelectricallydrivencentrifugalpumpisprovidedinthedieselengineroomas
anauxiliarycoolingwaterpump.Thepumpperformanceis48m/hourof
wateragainst30metersH2O.Thepumphousingisdirectlyconnectedwiththe
associateddrivingmotor.
Handcoolingwaterpump.
Thehandoperatedwaterpumpisdesignedasadoubleactingpistonpump.It
draws
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seawateranddischargesittothecoolingwatercontrolmanifold.
Auxiliarylubricatingoilpump.
Theauxiliarylubricatingoilpumpservesforthelubricatingoftheenginesin
caseoffailureofthecoupledlubricatingoilpumpsandbeforestartup.The
pumpisanelectricallydrivenverticallyarrangedscrewpumpandsupplies38
m/hourofoilwithdischargeheadof50metersH2Oandsuctionheadof5
metersH2O.Theauxiliarylubricatingoilpumpcanbealsobeusedforthe
distributionoffueloil.
Handlubricatingoilpump.
Thehandlubricatingoilpumpisusedtotransferlubricatingoilfromsupply
tankstothecollectivetanks,andincaseoffailureoftheauxiliarylubricating
oilpumptopumpoilbeforethestartupoftheengines.Itisdesignedasdouble
actingpistonpumpanditsperformanceis4.2m/hour.
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3)
Governor,filter,lubricatingoilcooler,startingairtanks,lubricatingoil
purifyingsystem.
Governor.
Acentrifugalregulatorisusedasagovernorwhichismountedontheclutch
sideoftheengineandisdrivenbyanidlergearfromthecamshaftdrive.The
governorpreventsexceedingthemaximumpermissibleenginespeedbymore
than10percent.Ifthemaximumpermissibleenginespeedisexceed,the
governorpushescontrollinkagetowardsthezeroposition.
Assoonasthenumberofrevolutionsdecreases,thegovernorreturnstoits
previouspositionandthecontrollinkagebringsthefueloilleverbacktothe
operationalpositionbymeansofaspring.
Fueloilandlubricatingoilfilter.
ThepurifyingofthefueloilisdonebymeansofasystemofECedgedisk
filters.Toprotectthesefiltersagainstcoarseimpuritiesinthefueloil
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I.PropulsionPlant
UboatInformation
acoarsesieveisinsertedinthelinebeforethefueloilgravitytank.
ForpurifyinglubricatingoilanECedgediskfilterisusedforeachengine.The
bearinglubricatingoilaswellasoilfortheclutchesandthehydraulicgovernor
isfilteredbythesefiltersafterbranchingfromtheoilcooler.
Lubricatingoilcooler.
Theentirelubricatingoilcyclinginstallationiscooledbyalubricatingoil
coolerattachedtoeachengine.Thecoolingeffectisachievedbyforcingoil
throughcoils,aroundwhichseawaterflows.Thecoolingwaterinstallationis
sodesignedthatoilcoolercanbebypassedasawholeorpartially.
Startingairtanks.
Startingandreversingtheenginesisdonebymeansofcompressedairat30at.
Thecompressedairisstoredindedicatedtanksofcapacity200literseach,
connectedtogethertothehighpressuredistributor(highpressureairbank1
highpressuremanifold)throughthereductionvalve.Thepressurereducing
valveworksautomaticallyandholdsthepressureinthestartingaircylindersat
30at.Thetankshavesafetyvalvessetat30atmospheresataswellasnecessary
connectingvalves,drainvalvesandcontrolvalvewithpressuregauge.
Lubricatingoilpurifyingsystem.
Anelectricallydrivenpurifierwithacapacityof250liters/hourisprovidedin
thedieselengineroomforpurifyingdirtylubricatingoil.Thepurifieris
equippedwithanelectricaloilpreheaterandahotwaterpreheater.Directly
coupledwiththedriveshaftarethepureoilanddirtyoilfeedpumps.These
twogearedpumpsarrangedoneaftertheother.Theattacheddirtyoilpump
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sucksthecontaminatedoilfromthelubricatingoilcollectingtanksandpassesit
overtheoilpreheaterintothelubricatingoilpurifier.Thecleanedoilisthen
pumpedbythepureoilpump.
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Thewastewaterfromtheoilpurifyingprocessdrainsintothebilge.Ahot
waterpreheaterisprovidedforbettercleaningofenginelubricatingoil.
11ComparisonbetweenenginesM.A.N.G.W.
M.A.N.
Krupp(G.W.)
Numberofcylinders
Pistondisplacement
Pistonspeed
Efficiency
Speed
Superchargerspeed
Performance
Stroke
Cylinderdiameter
Length(wholeengine)
Width(wholeengine)
Height
Engineweight
Weighttopowerratio
Fueloilconsumption(+)
6
57.8.liters
7.2meters/second
82.5
470RPM
10,900RPM
1400SHP
460mm
400mm
5630mm
1400mm
2810mm
38.476tons
13.75kg/SHP
0.165kg/SHP
6
57.8liters
7.2meters/second
81.0
470RPM
10,900RPM
1400SHP
460mm
400mm
5600mm
1400mm
2895mm
43.440tons
15.5kg/SHP
0.182kg/SHP
Supercharger
Fueloilregulation
BuchiExhaustgas
RootstypechargerG.W.
turbineB.B.C.
Overflowadjustment Chambervolumebymeansof
bevelededgeadjustment
(+)Fullload.
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I.PropulsionPlant
UboatInformation
Assemblybytierods(M.A.N.andG.W.)
Zylinderdeckel
Gurtplatte
Zurganker
Arbeitszylinder
Gestelloberterteil
Gestellunterteil
TriebwerksgehuseundGrundplatte
Grundplatte
lwanne
Cylinderhead
Topflangeplate
TieRod
Workcylinder
Engineblock(upperpart)
Engineblock(lowerpart)
Crankcaseandbedplate
Bedplate
Oilpan
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2)Battery.
Theauxiliaryandmainpowersupplyoftheboatconsistsoftwoseparatelyarranged
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Theauxiliaryandmainpowersupplyoftheboatconsistsoftwoseparatelyarranged
storagebatteries.Battery1islocatedunderthepettyofficersroomandbattery2is
undertheofficersroom.
a)
b)
Technicalandperformancedata.
Type:
Cells:
Numberofnegativeplates:
Numberofpositiveplates:
Cellweight:
Totalweightofbatteries:
Capacityat20hourrate
33MAL800W
2x62
34
33
493kg+/2%
61132kg+/2%
9160Amphours
Constructionandmaintenance.
Thecellsofeverybatteryaresetupin6rowsonstepshapedironstands.Over
thecells,thereisanextractorductthatmovesgasesintothemainexhaust
trunk.Eachcellisconnectedtotheductbyarubbertube.TheUtube
manometerlocatedoutsideofthebatteryroomindicatestheamountofsuction
intheextractorduct.
Betweenthesingleplatesofeachcellareinsulators.Thenegativeplatesare
equippedwithhardrubberfeetandstandontheboxbottom,whilethepositive
plateshangintheboxitself.Platesofthesamepolarityaregroupedtogether,
bothgroupsformapackage.Thisiscoveredwithaglassplateforprotection
againstforeignobjects.Theplatesofeachgroupareconnectedbyterminal
strips.
Eachstriphas5terminals,whicharepassedthroughtheboxcover.Cell
connectors(leadedcopperrails)arescrewedontotheterminalsthelidofthe
cellsisdoublewalledandhas3openings:
Extractionopening
Airentranceopening
Operationopening
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UboatInformation
Theairentranceopeningisdesignedinsuchawaythatduringaboats
inclinationupto35inanydirectionnoacidisspilledfromthecell.Thecell
caseismadeofhardrubberandsostronglyconstructedthatthereadyfor
operationcelliseasilytransportedusingeyelets.Thejointbetweentheboxand
thelidisfilledwithasealingcompound.Thesealingcompoundcanbemelted
bymeansofawireinsertedintothegrooveofthejointbyconnectingthewire
endstotheterminalsofthecell.
Eachcellhasaratingplatewithdataregardingtype,manufacturer'snumber,
manufacturedateofthepositiveandnegativeplatesanddetailsregarding
repairsandmaintenanceofthebattery.Operatinglifeofthebatterydependson
carefulmaintenance.
Maintenanceincludescleaningoftheuppersurfaceofthecells.Foreignbodies
orcontaminationshouldnotdropintothecellsthroughtheoperationopenings.
Particularlydangerousisseawatercontainingchlorine,whichdestroysthe
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positiveplates.Anexternalinspectionofthebatterymustbecarriedout
frequently.Allsuctionpipesaretoberegularlyinspectedtoensuretheyare
workingproperly.Adefectiveventilationsystemmaycauseabattery
explosion.
Anexaminationofallcellsmustbeperformedevery4weeksinconjunction
withrecharging.Thisincludescompensationofacidlevelsbyaddingdistilled
water,themeasurementoftheaciddensity,temperatureandthevoltageofthe
individualcells.
Sothatstands,andthepressurehullarenotcorrodedbyacidwhichspillsinto
thebatteryrooms,thebilgewateristobeexaminedfrequently.Bothbattery
roomscanberinsedwithslakedlimeandareconnectedtothedrainingsystem.
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c)
Capacity,discharging,finalvoltage.
Thecapacityofabatteryismainlydependentonthedischargingcurrentand
thecelltemperature.Thefollowingcapacityvaluesareatareference
temperatureof30C.
Type33MAL800W
Discharge
current
Amps
Duration
Hours
AmpHours
Ah
3630
11/2
5450
1.63
101.06
2960
5920
1.67
103.50
2200
6600
1.71
106.02
1480
7400
1.75
108.50
838
10
8380
1.78
110.36
458
20
9160
1.80
111.60
196
50
9800
1.80
111.60
FinalVoltageinV
Cell
1/2Battery
Theinformationlistedintheprecedingtableaboutthecapacityrefersto
dischargingwithacertaincurrent,withoutinterruptionuptothefinalvoltage.
However,ifdischargeisstoppedbeforebatteryexhaustionandiscontinued
againlater,thetotalcapacityisgreater.Thebatteryhastheabilitytorecoverin
thereststate.
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d)
Charging.
TheType33MAL800Wchargebeginswith1650A(1st,chargingphase)
whichisreducedgraduallyto415A(3rd,chargingphase).Chargingwithlow
currentisallowed.Celltemperatureshouldnotexceed45C.
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UboatInformation
Inspecialcases"fastchargingisdonebydoublingthe1st,chargingphase,the
chargingtimeisshortenedbyabout1/3.
3)Themainswitchboardsandbatteryconnections.
Themainswitchboardsfromthestarboardandportsidesareeachconnectedviathe
automaticbatteryswitchtoabattery.Bothmainswitchboardsarecontainedina
rackandareidentical.Theswitchboardscontaintheswitches,regulators,relays,
andmeasuringinstrumentsforbothdriveandrechargemode.Bythe"batteryin
parallelorseriesswitch"bothbatteriescanbeswitchedtoeitherinparallelor
series,whiletheEmotorinparallelorseriesswitchswitchesthearmatures
ofEmotorsoneachsideoftheboateitherinparallelorserial.
Batteryconnectionforaheadandastern:
Drivesettings
Deadslow
Slow
halfspeed
2xhalfspeed
3/4speed
2x3/4speed
Emergencyspeed
Connectionofthebattery
Voltage
parallel
parallel
parallel
serial
serial
serial
serial
110/170V
110/170V
110/170V
220/340V
220/340V
220/340V
220/340V
4)Emotorinstallation.
a) Designandperformancedata.
Manufacturer
Weightofamachinewithfan
blower
B.B.C.Mannheim
A.E.G.Berlin
B.B.C.8100kg.
A.E.G.8170kg.
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b)
Motorratedpower:
Ratedcurrent:
Voltage:
Numberofrevolutions:
Excitationvoltageand
current:
Generatorratedpower:
Ratedcurrent:
Voltage:
Numberofrevolutions:
Excitationvoltageand
current:
276/238kW(60min/continuous)
1470/1240A(60min/continuous)
210V
295/280RPM(60min/continuous)
110V28A
465kW(continuous)
1550A
300V
450RPM
110V28A
Machineconstructionandconnections.
TheEmotorsserveasmotorstodrivethepropellersandasgeneratorsto
chargethebatteries.EachEmotorisbuiltasafancooled,totallyenclosed,
directcurrent,doublearmature,withcompoundwindingandcommutating
poles,has2x8mainpolesandjustasmanycommutatingpoles.Themotors
aredesignedforforwardandbackwarddrive.BotharmaturesoftheEmotor
canbeconnectedinseriesorinparallelfordrive.Ifonearmatureisdamaged,
themotorcanstillbedriveninparallelconnection.
Coolingisprovidedbyablowerdirectlyattachedtoeachmotor.Itdrawsfresh
airfromEmotorroomandblowsitintothecenteroftheEmotor.The
exhaustedairiscooledin2watercooledaircoolerslyingbetweentheE
motors.
Emotorarmatureconnections:
Drivesetting
Settingofthearmature
Deadslow
Slow
halfspeed
2xhalfspeed
serial
parallel
parallel
parallel
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I.PropulsionPlant
Drivesetting
Settingofthearmature
3/4speed
2x3/4speed
Emergencyspeed
parallel
parallel
parallel
5)Shaftlines.
a) Propellers.
Thethreebladedpropellersaremadefromasinglepiece,andmountedonthe
shaft'sconewithakeyandnut.Forbetterwaterflowandtoprotectthe
propellermounting,theaftendofthescrewhubissecuredbyacowlingcover,
whichalsosecurestheattachingnut.Theareabetweentheshaft'ssupportand
thepropellerhubiscoveredbymetalsheettoprotectagainstpenetrationby
foreignobjects.
Thepropellerscanberemovedusingajackingfixture.
Inforwarddrive,thepropellersturntoptooutboard.
Thepropellershavethefollowingdimensions:
UboatInformation
b)
Diameter
Pitch
Totalarea
Projectedarea
Material
1620mm
1540mm
0.93m
0.81m
SpecialcastingbrassgradeB
Driveshafts,bearingsandshaftbrakes.(Seedrawing)
Eachofthetwodriveshaftsconsistsof
Propellershaft
Thrustshaft
Totheseshaftsarecoupledtheelectricmotorshaftanddieselengineshaft.
ShaftsaremadefromSiemensMartinStahl(specialtypeofsteel)andare
hollow,withconicalends.
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Propellershaftscanberemovedfrombehind,forthatreasontheyhavea
removablecouplingflangeonthefrontend.Thethrustshaftshaveaforged
flangeonbothends.Thetorquemeasuringdeviceindicatorgaugeisfastened
attherearcouplingflange.Thefrontflangeisconnectedtothemainclutch.
Thedrivefortherevolutioncounterisconnectedintherearpartofthemain
thrustbearinghousing.Thebearingsaremadeofbronze,allpartsoftheshaft
exposedtoseawaterarecoatedwithrubber.Awireropetapingbetweenaft
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c)
sterntubebearingandthestrutbearingservesasprotectionagainstdamage.
Thepropellershaft'sstrutbearingismadeasatwopartbronzebushingwith
linedinnersurfacefittedwithlignumvitaewoodstripswhichcanberemoved
fromforwardandwhichissecuredfromrotation.Thesterntubesaremade
fromSiemensMartiningotsteelandthebearingsaremadeofbronze.One
zincprotectionringpertubeisinsertedinforwardandaftbearings.For
lubricatingandcoolingpurposessterntubebearingsareconnectedtotheDiesel
enginecoolingwaterline.
Theshaftbrakeisadifferentialbandbrakewhichisdrivenbyaleadboltand
affectsonashaftdrumbehindtheflangecoupling.Itissodesignedthatthe
propellershaftisheldsafelywhenmainclutchisdisengagedandtheother
propellershaftisrunningatfullspeed.
Mainthrustbearing.
Tocarrytheaxialthrustofthepropellerthereisaonediskthrustbearingfor
eachshaft,whichcantransferupto10,000kgofthrust.
Thethrustistransferredtothefrontorrearslidingpadofthethrustbearingby
athrustcollarontheintermediateshaftandviathebearinghousingtotheboat.
Thethrustbearingshaveautolubricationandaconnectionforclosedcircuit
coolingofthelubricatingoil.
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UboatInformation
d)
Thebearinghousingsaremadeofcaststeelandslidingpadsaremadeof
SiemensMartinsteel.Thebearingholdersandslidingpadsarefilledwith
whitemetal.Thethrustbearingsareconnectedtothefoundationbyboltsand
removablewedges.
Thethrustbearingsareconstructedinsuchawaythataguideringwitha
pressuregaugecanbeinsertedtomeasurethepropellerthrust.Thethrust
bearingsaredesignedforforwardandreversedrive.
Clutches.
Mainclutches.
Thethrustshaftandtheelectricmotorshaftareconnectedbythemainclutch,
whichisconstructedasadisengageabledoubleconefrictionclutch.Itpermits
smallaxialshiftsoftheshafts.Themainclutchismanuallyoperatedfor
engaginganddisengagingthepropellershaftbyshiftingeachoftwofriction
conesonatwopartsleeve.
Thenominaltorquewhichcanbetransferredisabout2150mkg[15,050ft/lbs],
themaximumoperatingtorqueis4400mkg[30,800ft/lbs].
Dieselengineclutch.
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Itisconstructedinthesamewayasthemainclutchandservesfordisengaging
thedieselengine.Theengaginganddisengagingaredoneviaapistonram
operatedwithcompressedairandoil.Incaseoffailureofthepistonor
compressedair,theclutchcanbeoperatedbyhand.Themaximumtorqueis
8800mkg[61,600ft/lbs].
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Motorwelle
Schwingungsdmpfer
Dieselmotor
Dieselmotorkupplung
EMachinewelle
Schott161/2
Maschine2
EMaschine
Maschine1
Hauptkupplung
Druckwelle
Hauptdrucklager
Flanschenkupplung
Schraubenwelle
Wellenbremse
Stopfbuchse
Druckrper
Vorderes
Stevenrohrlager
Engineshaft
Flywheel
Dieselengine
Dieselengineclutch
EMotorshaft
Bulkhead(frame161/2)
Motor2
Emotor
Motor1
Mainclutch
Thrustshaft
Mainthrustbearing
Flangecoupling
Propellershaft
Shaftbrake
Stuffingbox
Pressurehull
ForwardSterntube
bearing
Hinteres
Stevenrohrlager
Wellenbocklager
Schraube
AftSterntubebearing
Shaftstrutbearing
Propeller
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UboatInformation
6)Interoperationoftheenginesandmotors.
a) General.
Thedieselenginesprovideamaximumsurfacespeedofabout18knotsandboth
Emotorsprovideasubmergedspeedof8knots.Thedifferentworkingmodes
arelistedbelow:
Dieselengineonlydrive,
Emotorsonlydrive,
Supportandbuffermode,
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Supportandbuffermode,
b)
c)
d)
Dieselelectricdrive,
Chargingmode.
Exhaustgasfrombothdieselenginescanbedivertedandusedforblowingout
themainballasttanksandmainballastandreservefueloiltanks.
Dieselengineonlydrive.
Indieselengineonlydrivebothdieselenginesdrivethepropellersviathediesel
enginecouplings,Emotors,maincouplings,thrustshaftsandthepropeller
shafts.
InthisarrangementtheEmotorsarejustapartofthedrivetrainandthe
armaturesareunpowered.ThefanblowersoftheEmotorsrotateslowly
poweredbyvoltagegeneratedduetotheremanentmagnetismoftheunpowered
rotatingarmature.
Emotorsonly.
WithEmotordriveonly,thedieselenginecouplingisunclutched.TheE
motorsarepoweredbythebatteryandworkasmotorsdrivingthepropellersvia
themaincouplings,thrustshaftsandthepropellershafts.
Supportandbuffermode.
Insupportmode,theoutputpowerofthedieselenginesisincreasedby
switchingontheEmotorsadditionally.Eachdieselengineviathedieselengine
couplingandinadditioneachEmotoractingasamotordrivesthepropeller.
Thebuffermodeisusedinroughseas.Thedieselenginesdrivetheship's
propellersasin"Dieselengineonlydrive".TheEmotorvoltageisadjusted
suchthatwithnormalconditionstheloadinganddischargecurrent
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e)
f)
areequaltozero.Ifthescrewrunsabovethesurface,thuscausing
unintentionalreductionofloadonthedieselengine,theEmotorworksasa
generatorpreventinganinadmissibleincreaseindieselRPM.
Dieselelectricdrive.
Dieselelectricdriveallowsdrivingbothpropellersevenifonedieselengine
hasfailed.Theoperationaldieselengineworksdirectlydrivingthepropeller
onitsside.TheEmotorwhosearmaturewouldnormallyrunidle,worksasa
generatordeliveringpowertotheothershipside.TheEmotorontheother
sidedrivesthepropellerthedieselengineclutchisdisengaged.Thecurrent
fromtheprimaryEmotorcaneitherbeswitchedinsuchawaythatitonly
drivesthesecondaryEmotororanadditionallightchargeofthebatteriestakes
place.
Chargingoperation.
Chargingoperationscanbedifferentiatedasfollows:
Chargingwithadisengagedpropellershaft,
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Chargingwithadisengagedpropellershaft,
Chargingwhilerunningonthesurfacewithdieselengines.
Whenchargingwithadisengagedpropellershaft,thedieselenginedrivestheE
motorviathedieselengineclutch.TheEmotorrunsasageneratorand
chargesthestoragebatteries.
Whenchargingwhileonthesurfacewiththedieselenginesthedieselengine
powerdrivesthepropeller.Ataconstantnumberofrevolutionsfromthediesel
engine,theEmotorchargesthebatteries.Inthiscase,thedieselenginemust
providepowerforthepropellerandforcharging.
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II.AuxiliaryMachineryforPropulsion
UboatInformation
II.AuxiliaryMachineryforPropulsion.
1)Ship'sauxiliarymachinery.
a) Mainrudderanddiveplanes.
Theoperatinginstallationsofmainrudderanddiveplanesaresimilarintheir
fundamentalconstructionofdrivingmotorsandsteeringservos.Eachsteering
installation(mainrudder,aftdiveplanes,forwarddiveplanes)consistsof
followingparts:
Drivingmotorwithgearbox,
Steeringswitch,
Selectionswitch,
Remotestarter,
Limitswitch,
Starting,breakingandshuntfieldresistor,
Cutoffswitch.
Thedrivingmotorforthemainrudderanddiveplaneinstallationis
manufacturedbyB.B.C.,andisadirectcurrent,4pole,compoundwinding
electricmotorwithacoupledgearboxmanufacturedbyKllmann.
Thesteeringswitchisusedtoturnonandtoggletheelectromagnetically
operatedremotestarter,i.e.toremotelycontrolthroughtheremotestarterthe
drivingmotor.
Theselectionswitchenablesdrivingthemainrudderfromseveraldifferent
steeringswitches.
Theremotestarterisusedtodirectlyswitchthedrivingmotortoruninoneor
theotherdirectionandtoconnectthebreakingresistor.
Limitswitchassuresthatdrivingmotorandcoupledgearboxwillstopwhenit
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reachestheendingposition.
Immediatelyafterswitchingoffthedrivingmotor,thearmaturewindingis
shortcircuitedwiththebreakingresistorinordertostopthemotor.Starting,
breakingandshuntfieldresistorsareusedtostartthemotor,tostopthemotor
byshortcircuitarmaturewindingandtoprotecttheshutfieldwindingfrom
highselfinductancewhileturningoffrespectively.
Thecoupledgearboxconvertshighspeedrevolutionsofthedrivingmotorto
lowspeedrevolutions.
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B.Machinery
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UboatInformation
MainRudderinstallation:
Manufacturer
Model
Weight
Ratedpower
NumberofRPM
Current
Voltage
ForwardDivePlaneinstallation:
Manufacturer
Model
Weight
Ratedpower
NumberofRPM
Current
Voltage
AftDivePlaneinstallation:
Manufacturer
Model
Weight
Ratedpower
NumberofRPM
DirectCurrentMotor
B.B.C.Sarrbrcken
GS10b
198kg
3.54/4.86kW60min
5/7.72kW1min
650/88060min
495/7901min
42.4/34.3A60min
67/57A1min
110/170V
DirectCurrentMotor
B.B.C.Sarrbrcken
GS9b
140kg
2.58/3.75kW60min
5/5.74kW1min
900/117060min
715/10851min
29.7/27A60min
59.8/41.6A1min
110/170V
DirectCurrentMotor
B.B.C.Sarrbrcken
Gs9b
140kg
Sameasabove
Sameasabove
GearingMechanism
KllmannA.G.Lepzig
G2766
137kg
4.8/6.6Hp60min
6.8/10.5Hp1min
650/88060min
495/7901min
GearingMechanism
KllmannA.G.Lepzig
G2717
137kg
3.5/5.1Hp60min
5.00/7.8Hp1min
900/117060min
715/10851min
GearingMechanism
KllmannA.G.Lepzig
G2698
137kg
Sameasabove
Sameasabove
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Current
Voltage
b)
Sameasabove
Sameasabove
Anchorandwarpingcapstaninstallation.
Compressedairengineisbuiltasabidirectionalgearpump.Accordingto
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UboatInformation
c)
requiredrotationdirection,compressedairisadmittedfromoneortheother
sideoftwoslanttoothgearrotors.
Manufacturer
Model
Power
Weight
NumberofRPM
Consumption
Demag,Duisburg
ZSU20
19Hp
330kg
740
48.6m3/HPh?
Aircompressor.
I.EAirCompressor
Two4stageaircompressorsofthesamedesign.
Manufacturer
Model
RatedPower
Weight
NumberofRPM
Currentdemand
Voltage
Operatingpressure
DirectCurrentMotor
Garbe&Lahmeyer
RP81a
23.5/28kW(totalinput)
1030kg
550/650
256/190A
110/170V
AirCompressor
KruppGW,Kiel
HK1/1
6.1/6.61/min
636kg
Sameasmotor
205kg/cm
II.DieselAirCompressor
Manufacturer
JunkersMotorenbauG.m.b.H.
Model
4FK115
Performance
8.5liters/minuteat205kg/cm
Weight
Totalmachinewithexhaustsystem:approximately560kg
Cycleswhenworkingagainstnoload
810at150kg/cmbackpressure
Cycleswhenworkingagainstfullload
860at205kg/cmbackpressure
Operatingpressure
205kg/cm
Minimumallowablebackpressure(Stage
150kg/cm
IV)
Maximumallowablebackpressure
215kg/cm
(Liftedsafetyvalve)
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B.Machinery
Page145
UboatInformation
d)
Auxiliarydrainandtrimpump.
Manufacturer
Model
RatedPower
Weight
NumberofRPM
Current
Voltage
Dischargehead
e)
Maindrainpump.
Manufacturer
Model
RatedPower
NumberofRPM
Weight
Current
Voltage
Dischargehead
f)
DirectCurrentMotor
A.E.G.
AW76
13.2/15.5kW(totalinput)
365kg
1600/1920RPM
144/110A
110/170V
Pump
Klein,Schanzlin&Becker
MKS6
3003601iters/minute
330kg
100meters
DirectCurrentMotor
B.B.C.,Manheim
GS11B
2600/3050RPM
300kg
213/198A
110/170V
Pump
AmagHilpert,Pegnitzhtts
FhI/4
1300/1465liters/minute
against15meters
against105meters
2600/3050RPM
250kg
140meters
Intakeandexhaustairfan.
Twoairfansaremountedinthedieselengineroom,anexhaustairfanonthe
portsideandanintakeairfanonthestarboardside.
Theairfancasingismadeinsuchaway,thatitisgasproofunderthepressure
of2.5metersH2O.Casingandfanwheelsareprimedandsurfacedwithacid
proofcoating.Thefan'sshaftissealedsothatwaterandbatterygasescannot
penetratetothedrivingmotor.
AboveeachairfanisattachedSshapeddrainpipe,connectedwithoutany
valvetotheairtrunk.
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B.Machinery
UBoatTypeVIIC
UboatInformation
g)
Theairfansaredrivenbydirectcurrent,compoundwindingmotorswith
startingwindings.Afterstartingthemotor,theserieswindingisshortcircuited.
Motorshavewatersplashandwaterflushproofcasings.
Bothmotorsareprovidedwithagroupswitchforsettingrequiredoperation
modeandastartingswitch.Usingthegroupswitchthefollowingoperation
modescanbeset:
PositionI
PositionII
PositionIII
PositionIV
Twomotorsinseries(halfvoltage)
Twomotorsinparallel(fullvoltage)
Portmotoronly
Stb.motoronly.
Manufacturer
Model
Weight
Current
RatedPower
NumberofRPM
Voltage
DirectCurrentMotor
A.E.G.
AWV54
110kg
52/46.5A
3000/3450RPM
110/170V
Pressurehead
Fan
Turbon,Berlin
H102/38
45kg
2600/2700m/hour
3000/3450RPM
22/24mmH2O
Periscopedrive.
Periscopedriveisimplementedasahydraulicpowersystem.Thehydraulic
pressureiscreatedbythemainpressureoilpumpand/ortheauxiliarypressure
oilpump,bothwiththesamefanblower.Twohydraulicmotorsareprovidedfor
liftingandloweringtheperiscopesoneintheconningtowerandoneinthe
controlroomathirdhydraulicmotorislocatedintheconningtowerforturning
theattackperiscope.
Pressurepumpsandhydraulicmotorsarescrewtypeandarethesameintheir
construction.Theyaredifferentonlyintheiroperatingmodes.Theyarebuilt
fromonecentralpowerrotorandtwoouteridlerrotors.Allthreescrewrotors
aredoublestartthreaded,engagedwitheachotherinsuchawaythattheyare
sealedagainstthemaswellasagainsttheclosingcover
UBoatTypeVIIC
B.Machinery
Page147
UboatInformation
Theoilworkingchamber,wherethepressurepumpcompressesoilandwhere
thehydraulicmotorconvertspressuretotherotationofthepowerrotor,is
boundedbytheedgesofthethreadsofthescrewrotorsandthesealed
pump/motorcasing.
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Pressureoilpumpscanturninonlyonedirection,hydraulicmotorscanrotate
inbothdirections.
Eachpressureoilpumpisdrivenbyadirectcurrentmotor.Themotorisstarted
automaticallybycontactsensor,butcanbealsostartedmanually.
PressureOilPump
DirectCurrentMotor
Manufacturer Siemens,Schuckert
Model
Weight
RatedPower
Numberof
RPM
Current
Voltage
Propulsion
performance
Maximum
pressure
HG147/17mV1
9.6/19kW
14.8/29.5kW
1600/1470RPM
Pump
(MainandAuxiliaryhydraulic
pumps)KruppG.W.,Kiel
V45/6
75kg
onaverage1061iters/minute
Sameasdrivingmotor
1920/1820RPM
106/210A
110/170V
12.5/24.5HP
90kg/cm
HydraulicMotor(AttackandControlRperiscopes)
Manufacturer
Model
Performance
Weight
NumberofRPM
Maximumpressure
KruppGW,Kiel
386
1151iters/minute
63kg
1500RPM
70kg/cm
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B.Machinery
UBoatTypeVIIC
UboatInformation
h)
RotaryMotor(AttackPeriscope)
Manufacturer
Model
Performance
Weight
NumberofRPM
Maximumpressure
KruppGW,Kiel
256
321iters/minute
22kg
1500RPM
70kg/cm
Refrigerationplant.
Arefrigerationplantisinstalledontheboatforthepreservationoffoodand
productionofice.Itconsistsofarefrigerationunitinthecontrolroomanda
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refrigerationchamberinthepettyofficersroom.Therefrigerationunitconsists
ofacompressorwithitsdrivingmotorandcondenser.Therefrigeration
chamberhousestheevaporator.Refrigerationisachievedbypickingup
externalheatbyaliquidrefrigerant(Freon),whichinsodoingisvaporized.
Theprocessissustained,whentheFreonvaporisdrawn,pressurizedbythe
compressorandcondensedtoaliquid.
Theevaporatorsideofthecompressorprovidesthelowpressurerequiredto
evaporatetherefrigerantwhilethecondensersideprovidesthehighpressure
neededforcondensingthevapor.
Theliquidrefrigerantmovesfromcondensertoevaporatorthrougharegulating
valve.Thevalvemaintainsthesteadyflowofrefrigerantanddespiteitsdouble
statechangesdoesn'tallowittorunoutinanypartoftherefrigerationcircuit.
Thecompressorisanaircooled,1stage,2cylinder,pistontypeofvertical
design.Bothcylindersandcylindersheadarecastasoneblock,whichis
boltedtothecrankcase.Thecompressorisdrivenbyadirectcurrentshunt
motorwithauxiliaryserieswinding.Themotorcasingiswatersplashresistant
anddampproofatinclinationoftheboatupto30andtemperaturesupto45
C.
UBoatTypeVIIC
B.Machinery
Page149
UboatInformation
i)
Therefrigerationplantisautomaticallycontrolledrequiredtemperatureis
achievedbyturningonandoffthecompressor,thereisalsoapressureswitch
whichturnsoffthecompressorifliquefactionpressureistoohigh.
Refrigerator
Manufacturer
Model
Power
NumberofRPM
Voltage
Iceproduction
DirectCurrentMotor
B.B.C.,Mannheim
GS5a
1300/1600RPM
110/170V
CoolingCompressor
B.B.C.Mannheim
250changes/hour
15VaporizerTemperature
+30CoolingTemperature
345RPM
6kg/day
Distillingunit.
Forproductionofthefreshwateranelectricdistillingunitisinstalledinonthe
portsideofthecontrolroom.Distillatecreatedbyevaporationofseawatercan
beusedasdrinkingwaterortofilluptheelectrolyteinbatteries.
Evaporationtakesplaceinavacuumof1.62metersH2O.Thevaporis
drawnfromevaporationchamberandforcedintothecondenserbythe
compressor.Inthecondensertheheatofthecondensatingvapouristakenup
bycoldseawaterbathingthecondenserandinthiswayisusedagaininthe
evaporationprocess.Theheatoffreshwaterleavingthecondenserandofthe
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concentratedbrineiswithdrawninrefrigerationcoilsandusedtopreheatfeed
seawater.
Thedistillingunitconsistsofacastmetalcase,inwhichisinstalledthe
condenser,heatingresistancesandcoolingchamber.Thecastbodyiscovered
byacoppercap,whichcreatesanevaporationchamber.Asafetyvalveis
installedinthecapandthermalinsulationofthedrivingmotorandcase.
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B.Machinery
UBoatTypeVIIC
UboatInformation
k)
Thedrivingmotordrivesthecompressorviaaveebelt,throughfirstgearstage
thebrinepumpandthroughsecondgearstagethescrubberswhichkeepthe
condensercoilsclearofscale.Thedrivingmotorisadirectcurrentmotorwith
compoundwinding.Itincorporatesaselfcoolingfanandawatersplash
resistantcasing.
Manufacturer
RatedPower
Power(totalinput)
NumberofRPM
Weight
Voltage
Current
SiemansG.m.b.H.
8/10liters/hour
1.6kW
2800/3600RPM
325kg
110/170V
18A
Handpumpsetc.
HandLubricatingOilPump:
Manufacturer
Type
Weight
Model
Doubleactingpistonpump
19.0kg
FranconiaGr.3
HandCoolingWaterPump:
Manufacturer
Type
Weight
Model
19.0kg
FranconiaGr.3
HandDirtyOilPump:
Manufacturer
Type
Weight
Model
12kg
KSBGr.3
HandFreshWaterPump:
Manufacturer
Type
Weight
Model
Doubleactingimpellerpump
6.6kg
KSBGr.3
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B.Machinery
Page151
UboatInformation
10
l)
HandWashWaterPump:
Manufacturer
Type
Weight
Model
Doubleactingimpellerpump
4.8kg
KSBGr.3
W.C.installation.
AW.C.pumpisinstalledataftpartofpettyofficersroomandattheforward
partofofficersandchiefpettyofficersroom.Thepump'spistonisdriven
reciprocallybymeansofcompressedair.Thecontrolofairflowisdone
manuallybychangeovercock,whichmustbesetinthemiddleposition
"pumpingbyhand",whenthepumpisoperatedmanually.
Manufacturer
Weight
PumpToilet
Triton,BelcoHamburg
86.5kg
m) Gyrocompassinstallation.
SeeparagraphAVIII3a.
2)Auxiliarymachineryofthedieselengineinstallation.
a) Auxiliarylubricatingoilpump.
Theauxiliarylubricatingoilpumpisareservepumpusedincaseofdamageto
thecoupledlubricatingoilpumptolubricateandcooltheengines.Itcanalso
beusedfortheloadingortransteroflubricatingoil.
Thepumpisascrewtype,ofverticalconstructiondrivendirectlybyadirect
current(shunt)motorcoupledwithelasticboltleathercoupling.Pumpand
motorareplacedonacommonmounting.
Theauxiliarylubricatingpumpcantakesuctionfromthefollowinglocations:
Fromupperdeck
Fromlubricatingoilcollectingtank
Fromlubricatingoilsupplytanks
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Pressurizedoilcanbemoved:
Totheupperdeck
Tothedieselenginesportandstb.
Tothereservelubricatingoiltanks
Tothelubricatingoilcollectingtanks
DirectCurrentMotor
Manufacturer
B.B.C.,Mannheim
Model
GS10a
RatedPower
Weight
174kg
NumberofRPM 2000/2400RPM
Current
87/70A
Voltage
110/170V
Operatingpressure
b)
Pump
Leistritz,Nrnberg
72N
252/6381iters/minute
100kg
200/2400RPM
5kg/cm
Theauxiliarycoolingwaterpumpisbuiltasaonestage,nonselfpriming,
vertical,spiralcasing,centrifugalpump,andisdirectlyflangemountedwithits
drivingmotor(directcurrent,shunt).Thepumpdoesnothaveitsown
propellingshaft.Theshaftofthedrivingmotorislengthenedandiscoupled
withaslotonthepumprotorandsecuredwithaprotectivesleeve.
Theauxiliarycoolingwaterpumptakessuctionfromportorstb.coolingwater
injectionpipesystemandpressurizesthecoolingwaterdistributor.
DirectCurrentMotor
Manufacturer
A.E.G.,Bremen
Model
AWV65
RatedPower
Weight
179kg
Current
96/78A
NumberofRPM 2900/3300RPM
Voltage
110/170V
Operatingpressure
Pump
Odesse,Oschersleben
G80/180
800liters/minute
28kg
2900/3300RPM
3kg/cm
UBoatTypeVIIC
B.Machinery
Page153
UboatInformation
12
3)AuxiliarymachineryfortheEinstallation.
a) Emotorfanblower.
ThemotorwindingsofeachEmotorarecooledbyafanblowerattachedtothe
casing.TheblowerdrawsfreshairfromEmotorroomandblowsitintothe
centeroftheEmotor.Thewarmairleavesthemotorcasethroughlateral
openingsintheupperpartsofthebearingshieldsandthentoapairofcoolers
cooledbyseawater.
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Theblowerisconsistsofagalvanizedironcastcasingandthefanwheelwhich
isattachedtotheshaftofthedrivingmotor.
Thedrivingmotorisseriestype,withoutstartingresistance,andisalways
connectedbyaswitchwithoneoftwoarmatures,sothatwhentheEmotoris
powered,theblowerrunsinrelationtotherotationspeed(airflowrate
correspondswiththedrivelevel).WhentheEmotorisunpowered,thefan
blowerrotatesslowlypoweredbyvoltagegeneratedduetotheremanent
magnetismoftheunpoweredrotatingarmature.
Manufacturer
Model
RatedPower
NumberofRPM
Weight
Current
Voltage
b)
DirectCurrentMotor
SiemensHalske
GS10a
3.2/6.8kW
1400/1800RPM
180kg
18/24A
220/340V
Fanblower
SiemensHalske
Tv4
550/8250m/hour
1400/1800RPM
50kg
Coolingpump.
Whendieselenginesareturnedoff(submergeddrive),thecoolingpumptakes
overthefunctionsoftheportand/orstb.coolingwaterpumpsdrivenbythe
dieselenginestoprovidecoolingforfollowinginstallationsintheafttorpedo
roomandEmotorroom:
Propellershaftstuffingboxesportandstb.
Mainthrustbearingportandstb.
Eachof2Emotoraircoolersportandstb.
Emotorbearingportandstb.
Page154
B.Machinery
UBoatTypeVIIC
13
UboatInformation
Thecoolingpumpistestedunderapressureof12atandalongwithconnected
installationscanfunctionatconstructiondivingdepth.
Manufacturer
Model
Weight
Current
NumberofRPM
RatedPower
Voltage
Testpressure
DirectCurrentMotor
A.E.G.
AWV57
86kg
49/47A
2000/2400RPM
110/170V
Pump
42kg
2000/2400RPM
12kg/cm
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B.Machinery
Page155
UboatInformation
III.DrainingandFlooding
III.DrainingandFlooding.
1)Maindrainageinstallation.
Themaindrainageinstallationconsistsofamaindrainlinewithsuctionpiping
andthemaindrainpump.ThemaindrainlineleadsfromtheEmotorroomto
theforwardtorpedoroom.
Themaindrainpumpisaselfpriming,reversible,2stage,centrifugalpump,
verticaldesignwithdrivingmotorpositionedabove.Avacuumpumpis
positionedbelowtherotor,whichcanremoveairfromthesuctionpiping.
Thedrainlinecanbefloodedbymeansoftheopencheckclosevalveinthe
"forwardand/oraft"drainconnection.Ventvalvesareinstalledinthedrain
lineforwardinthecontrolroomandinafttorpedoroom.
Themaindrainpumpdeliverscapacityof~1300liters/minuteagainstheadsup
to15metersand~500liters/minuteagainstheadsupto100meters.
Themaindrainpumpshouldbeusedtodrainlargequantitiesofwater.Itcan
drainfrom:
Alltoandfromthesea
Regulatingtanksandregulatingandreservefueloil
tanks
Trimtanks
Torpedocompensatingtanks
Wastewatertanks
Periscopeshafts
Munitionsmagazine
Storeroom
2)Auxiliarydrainageinstallation.
Theauxiliarydrainandtrimpumpincontrolroomisprovidedfordraining
smallquantitiesofwaterandfortrimmingoperations.Itisanelectricdriven,
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doublepistonpumpwithcapacity~360liters/minute.Itsdrainingoptionsare
thesameasforthemaindrainpump.Thestb.andportregulatingtankscanbe
emptiedbymeansofthemaindrainpump,auxiliarydrainandtrimpumpor
evencompressedair.
Page156
B.Machinery
UBoatTypeVIIC
UboatInformation
Fordrainingthebilgesatgreaterdepththereisacheckvalveofopencheck
closetypeonthedischargelineofthemaindrainpumpprovided(inthe
pressurizedvalvescasingofthemaindrainpump).Hencewhentheopen
checkclosevalveisintheopenposition,bilgescanbedrainedusingthe
auxiliarydrainpumpthroughthefloodinganddrainagemanifoldtothe
regulatingtanksand/ortheregulatingandreservefueloiltanks.
Theauxiliarydrainandtrimpumpcandischargetothesea,upperdeckwash
line,mainballasttank3,trimtanks,regulatingtanksandtheregulatingand
reservefueloiltanks.
3)Handdrainageinstallation.
Aportablehanddrainpumpisprovidedonboardasahanddrainage
installation,whichcanbeusedtodrainrestingwaterfrombilges,bunkersand
tanks.
4)Artificialfloodinginstallation.
Theauxiliarydrainpumpcanbeusedforartificialflooding.Afire
extinguishingconnectionisprovidedinthedeckwashlineleadingtothe
upperdeck.Themunitionsmagazineandcontainercanbefloodedbymeansof
thehoseconnectedthere.Regulatingtanksandregulatingandreservefueloil
tankscanbefloodedbymeansofthemainandauxiliarydrainpumps.
5)Naturalfloodinginstallation.
Naturalfloodingreferstofloodingtheroomsthroughhullvalveswithoutusing
thepumps.
Naturalfloodinginstallationsareprovidedfor:
a)Regulatingtanksandregulatingandreservefueloiltanks
b)Torpedocompensatingtanks
c)Munitionsmagazineandmunitionscontainer
Regulatingtanksandregulatingandreservefueloiltankfloodingtakesplace
bymeansofthefloodinganddrainagemanifoldeitherthroughthehullvalve
fromtheseaorforaccuratefloodingthroughthehullvalvewithwatermeter.
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B.Machinery
Page157
UboatInformation
Torpedocompensatingtanks1,2,and3arefloodedfromtheseathroughthe
hullvalveswithwatermeterintheafttorpedoroomortheforwardtorpedo
roomrespectively.
Floodingthemunitionsmagazineandcontainerforexplosivechargesinthe
officersandchiefpettyofficersroomaswellasthecontainerforflarecharges
takesplacethroughahoseconnectionfromthehullvalveinthecontrolroom.
ForfloodingoptionsandfloodingtimesforasunkenboatseesectionAIX.
Page158
B.Machinery
UBoatTypeVIIC
IV.Sea,Wash,andFreshWaterInstallations
UboatInformation
IV.Sea,Wash,andFreshWaterInstallations.
1)Seawaterinstallation.
Toprovideseawatercollectioninthegalley,thereisabranchoffthecooling
watermanifoldinthedieselengineroom,whichleadstothevalveandatapin
thewashsink.
Thewarmseawaterinstallationbranchesofffromcoolingwaterheadtankin
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theconningtowercasingandleadstothewashbasinsinbothW.C.sandtothe
washsinkinthegalley.
Thedischargelineoftheauxiliarydrainandtrimpumpbranchesofftothedeck
washline.Ashowerheadcanbeconnectedtothisline,attachedtothenet
protector,andstowedagainafterusage.
2)Washwaterinstallation.
Washwaterisstoredinthefollowingtanks:
1washwatertank(listeningroom)
1washwaterdailysupplytank(aftW.C.)
Asreservetanksthereare:
Washwatertankandwashwaterdailysupplytankareconnectedtothefresh
waterfillingandextractingline.Tanksarefilledthroughtheintakeattheupper
deck.
Thehandfreshwaterpumpisusedforfillingthewashwaterdailysupplytank
fromthewashwatertank.Ahandwashwaterpumpprovidedintheforward
W.C.,towhichasuctionlinecanbeswitchedbytheselectorcocktothewash
watertankortotorpedocompensatingtank2.Extractingthewashwaterfrom
torpedocompensatingtank1takesplacebymeansofcompressedair.
3)Freshwaterinstallation.
Freshwaterisstoredin3tanks(3.870m)situatedin:
Freshwatertank1:Galley,port,underthefloor
Freshwatertank2:Controlroom,port
Freshwatertank3:Officersroom,stb.
UBoatTypeVIIC
B.Machinery
Page159
UboatInformation
IV.Sea,Wash,andFreshWaterInstallations
Thefreshwatertanksareconnectedtothefillingandextractinglinethrough
thefreshwaterselectorcock.Thelineleadsthroughthehullvalveattheupper
deckandinsidethehullbranchesofftotheemergencydrainconnection.The
handfreshwaterpumpinthegalleytakessuctionfromselectedtankand
dischargesthroughthecontrolvalveeitherdirectlytothetapinwashsinkor
throughthefilter.
Thewatersuppliedbythedistillingunitinthecontrolroomiscollectedinthe
distillatetankandismovedthroughthecontrolvalveeitherdirectlyorthrough
thefiltertofreshwatertank1inthegalley.
Allfreshandwashwatertankshavesoundingpipesanddipsticks.
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Page160
B.Machinery
UBoatTypeVIIC
V.VentilatingSystems
UboatInformation
V.VentilatingSystems.
Theventilatingsystemisusedtoexchangetheairinsidetheboatandtoextract
gasesgeneratedwhilechargingthebatteries.Theintakeandexhaustairfansin
thedieselengineroom,whichcanruninparallelorseparately,areusedto
ventilatethroughtheintakeandexhaustducts.Eachfan'sperformanceis2600
2700m/hourwithpressureheadat2224mmH2O.
Theintakeductonthestb.sideandexhaustductonportsiderunthroughout
theboatfromtheafttorpedoroomtotheforwardtorpedoroom.
Intakeandexhaustairductsareconnectedbyairtrunkswhichleadtotheaft
partoftheconningtowercasingthroughthefootvalveinthedieselengine
roomandtheheadvalvewhichcanbeclosedfromthecontrolroom.
Inthedieselengineroomtheintakeandexhaustductsareinterconnected
throughthecompartmentairexhaustselectorandthecompartmentairintake
selectortoenablerunningoneorbothfansinseveralconfigurations(see
MachinerySketchbook).
Ineachcompartmenttherearebranchesfromtheintakeairductendingina
ventilationgrille.Onebranchedductleadstotheconningtower.Thereisalso
aductleadingthroughtheradiatortotheattackperiscopewell.Theducts
leadingfromtheexhaustductareledtothelowestplaceinthecompartment
(CO2isheavierthanair)andareprovidedwithgatevalves.Carbondioxide
absorbentsareconnectedintheEmotorroom,controlroomandinforward
torpedoroom.Emergencyoxygenfeedductsarealsoconnectedtotheexhaust
airductinthedieselengineroom,controlroomandinforwardtorpedoroom.
Theventilationofbatterycellstakesplacethroughductsleadingtotheexhaust
duct,whicharealsoprovidedwithgrillesfornaturalventilation.Shaftswith
grillesleadingfromthecompartmenttothebatterycellsserveasairintakes.
Inafttorpedoroomaswellasinforwardtorpedoroomthereareflexible
connectionstotheEtochargingunits.
Theintakeandexhaustairductswhenpassingthroughbulkheads,areequipped
withwatertightand/orpressureresistantgatevalves,whichcanbeoperated
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frombothsidesofthebulkhead.
UBoatTypeVIIC
B.Machinery
Page161
UboatInformation
VI.HeatingInstallations
VI.HeatingInstallations.
Therearetwoseparateheatinginstallationsprovided:
a)steamheatingsystem
b)electricalheating
Thesteamheatingsystemconsistsofsteamintakeandexhaustinstallations.In
harborthesteamistakenfromthedepotshipthroughaflexiblepipe.Inthe
boat,nexttothesteamhullvalve,asteamheatreducingvalvewithpressure
meterandsafetyvalveareinstalled.Theoperationalpressureis3at.Thereare
21radiatorsofdifferentsizesinstalled.Eachradiatorhasaninletandoutlet
valve.
Todrainthewaterinthesteamexhaustpipe,drainingwaterseparatorsare
installedinthedieselengineroomandintheforwardtorpedoroom.The
condensedsteamisexhaustedthroughthehullvalveandflexiblepipetothe
depotshiporlandconnection.
Thearrangementofradiatorsisasfollows:
Emotorroom
Dieselengineroom
Pettyofficersroom
Controlroom
Radioroom
Listeningroom
Officerandchiefpetty
officersroom
Forwardtorpedoroom
4 Heads HeatingSurface
"
4
"
"
1
"
"
3
"
"
"
"
1
"
"
1
"
"
3
"
"
"
"
"
"
2 Heads
2
"
4
"
1
"
1
"
1
"
1
"
1
"
1
"
1
"
0.615m
0.812m
1.608m
0.745m
0.412m
0.250m
0.745m
0.260m
0.260m
0.278m
1
1
4
0.250m
0.745m
0.804m
"
"
"
Theelectricheatinginstallationconsistsof9portableelectricresistance
heaters.Eachheaterisprovidedwithacableandplugandcanbeconnectedto
theelectricpowerinstallationineachroom.Theheatercanrunatoneof3
levels.
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Page162
B.Machinery
UBoatTypeVIIC
VI.HeatingInstallations
UboatInformation
Theheater'sperformanceis1.53.5kWat13.620.6Acurrent.
Thefollowingroomshaveoutletsforheaters:
Emotorroom
Dieselengineroom
Pettyofficerroom
Controlroom
Conningtower
Radioroom
Listeningroom
Officerandchiefpetty
officersroom
Forwardtorpedoroom
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
3
Outlets
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
UBoatTypeVIIC
B.Machinery
Page163
UboatInformation
VII.LubricatingOilInstallations
VII.LubricatingOilInstallations.
Thelubricatingoilinstallationconsistsof:
Reservelubricatingoiltanks1and2
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Lubricatingoilcollectingtanksportandstb.
ThelubricatingoilpumpsoftheDieselengines
Theauxiliarylubricatingoilpump
Thehandlubricatingoilpump
Thehanddirtylubricatingoilpump
Thedirtylubricatingoiltank
Thelubricatingoilconsumptiontank
Thefillingandtransferlines
Thepurificationsystem.
Reservelubricatingoiltanksarelocatedbelowthedieselenginesandhavea
totalcapacityof6.59m.Bothtankshavesoundingpipesandpipeforfilling
anddrainingpurposes.
Thelubricatingoilcollectingtanksarelocatedoneafteranotherbetweenthe
dieselengines.Eachtank(0.8m)isconnectedwiththesuctionpipeofthe
associatedlubricatingoilpump.Bothtankshaveconnectionstothesuction
pipeoftheauxiliarylubricatingoilpumpandhandlubricatingoilpump.The
suctionpipeoftheauxiliarylubricatingoilpumpcanbeusedasafillingline.
Eachcollectingtankisconnectedtothelubricationoilreturnlineofeachdiesel
engineandtotheselectorcockofthesuctionpipeofthehanddirtylubricating
oilpump.Soundingpipesprovidedforsoundingthetanks.
Thedirtylubricatingoiltankislocatedaftofbothcollectingtanks.Itscapacity
is0.4mandisconnectedthroughtheselectorcocktothehanddirty
lubricatingoilpump.
Loadingoflubricatingoiltakesplacethroughthehullvalveattheupperdeck
eithergravitationallytothereserveandcollectinglubricatingoiltanksorby
meansofauxiliaryorhandlubricatingoilpumpthroughtheappropriately
switchedvalvesandcocks.Thereserveandcollectinglubricatingoiltankscan
bealsopumpedouttotheupperdeckusingboththesepumps.
Page164
B.Machinery
UBoatTypeVIIC
VII.LubricatingOilInstallations
UboatInformation
Thelubricatingoilconsumptiontankcanbefilledwiththehandpump.Its
capacityis26liters.
Thepurificationsystemisconnectedthrough2dirtyandcleanoilmanifolds
withthecollectinganddirtylubricatingoiltanks.
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UBoatTypeVIIC
B.Machinery
Page165
UboatInformation
VIII.FuelOilInstallations
VIII.FuelOilInstallations.
Thefueloilinstallationconsistsof:
Insidepressurehull:
Fueloiltank1(inboard)(pettyofficersroom)
Fueloiltank2(inboard)officersandchiefpettyofficersroom)
Fueloilcollectingtank(Dieselengineroom)
Fueloilgravitytank(Dieselengineroom).
Outsidepressurehull:
Regulatingandreservefueloiltank1portandstb.
Thefueloilinalltankswiththeexceptionofregulatingandreservefueloil
tank1portandstb.istransferredbymeansofseawater.
Theinboardtankshavecapacityof70.70m,theoutboardtankshavea
capacityof59.00m.Totalcapacityis129.70m.Alltankshavemanholes
andhaveexceptforregulatingandreservefueloiltank1portandstbthe
followingconnections:
1connectionforfillinganddeliveryline
1connectionforcompensatingwaterline
1connectionfortestline
1connectionforventline
Thefueloilinregulatingandreservefueloiltank1portandstb.istransferred
onlybymeansoflowpressureairat0.5at.Thetankshavefollowing
connections:
1connectionforfillinganddeliveryline
1connectionforlowpressuredairthroughthereductionvalvefrom13at
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1connectionforlowpressuredairthroughthereductionvalvefrom13at
to0.5at.
Theinboardfueloiltanks1and2havealsoconnectionsforsoundingpipesand
theconnectionsbetweencompensatingwaterlineandvalveboxwithexcess
andnegativepressurereliefvalves.
Thefueloilcollectingtankisusedtocollectleakedoffoil.
Drainingcanbedonebymeansofhandcoolingwaterpumporbythehose
connectionandhanddrainingpump.
Page166
B.Machinery
UBoatTypeVIIC
VIII.FuelOilInstallations
UboatInformation
Afourwayvalveisprovidedforfillingandextractingfueloilfromthegravity
tanklocatedintheupperpartofdieselengineroom.Theventinganddrain
pipesleadthroughthefunneltothecollectingtank.Thegravitytankhasa
capacityof0.73mandhasasightglassonitsfrontside.Thefueloilline
leadsfromthegravitytankthroughthefueloilmeterandcontrolcockandthen
branchestofueloilfeedpumpsattachedtoeachdieselengine.
Thefillinganddeliverylineleadsfromthescrewjointconnectionontheupper
deck,throughthehullvalveandstrainertothemaindistributingmanifold.
Thismanifoldisconnectedthroughthefueloilcontrolcock1,fueloilmeter,
strainerandfueloilcontrolcock2withthetankmanifold.Fromthismanifold
thelinebranchesandthroughthevalvesleadstothetopoftheinboardand
outboardfueloiltanks.
Thefueloilisdeliveredbymeansofpressurizedwaterpassingdownfromthe
coolingwaterheadtankontheupperdecktothebottomofeachfueloiltank.
Thecompensatingwaterlinebranchestotheinboardtanksthroughthecutoff
valvesandtotheoutboardtanksthroughtheselectorvalve.Inthediesel
engineroomthecompensatingwaterlineisconnectedwithhandcoolingwater
pump.
Thetanksarefilledbygravityorbymeansofapumponland.Inexceptional
casestheauxiliarylubricatingoilpumpcanbeusedforfillingthetanks
(pumpingfueloilfromanotherboattotheboatatsea).
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UBoatTypeVIIC
B.Machinery
Page167
UboatInformation
IX.EInstallations
IX.EInstallations.
1)Emotors.
TheEmotorsworkingaselectricmotorsdrivethepropellersandworkingasa
generatorschargethebatteries.Theyarefancooled,encapsulated,direct
current,doublearmature,withcompoundwindingsandcommutatingpoles.
Themotorisbuiltfromtwoparts,casingwithinstalledwindings,whichare
boltedtogether.Therearealsotwoarmaturesinstalledonthesameshaft
inside.Intheupperpartsofcasingsarecoldairinletsandwarmairoutlets.
Bottompartsuptothebottomedgeoftheshaftarewaterresistantandatthe
lowestpointsdrainingcocksareprovided.
Eachdoublearmaturemotorhas2x8mainpolesandthesameamountof
commutatingpoles.Allpolesareboltedtotheinnersideoftherotatingyoke.
Theshafthasinstalledtwoarmaturesandrunsintwoslideoilringlubricated
bearings.Thebearingonthedieselenginesideisbuiltasathrustbearingfor
absorptionundesirablethrust.
ThebearingsoftheEmotorsarecooledbyseawater.Duringsurfaceddrive
thecoolingsystemisfedbythedieselenginecoolingpumpandwhile
submerged,bythecoolingpump.
Afanblowerisattachedtothecasing.ItdrawsfreshairfromtheEmotor
roomandblowsfromaboveintothebothpartsofthemotor.
Thewarmairescapesthroughoutletsintheupperpartsofbearingcasingsand
isdirectedtoaircoolers,whichareinstalledbetweentheEmotors.
2)Batteries.
Onboardare:
Battery1and2
8batteriespoweringemergencylights
8batteriespoweringhandlanterns
Page168
B.Machinery
UBoatTypeVIIC
IX.EInstallations
UboatInformation
Forthespecificationsofbattery1and2seeparagraphB.I.2.
Theemergencylightsandportablelampbatteriescanbechargedatthe
chargingconsoleintheEmotorroomfromthelightingnetwork.Eachbattery
consistsof2cells.Batteryvoltageis4V,capacityonthedischargingcurrent
of0.75Ais10.5Ah.
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3)Mainswitchboards.
a) Mainswitchboardswithleverswitches.
Thestb.mainswitchboardisconnectedthroughtheaftbatteryautomaticcircuit
breakertotheaftbattery,theportmainbatteryswitchboardisconnected
throughtheforwardbatteryautomaticcircuitbreakertotheforwardbattery.
Eachbatteryautomaticcircuitbreakerhasfollowingsettings:
overloadcurrentof5000Ain6seconds
shortcircuitcurrentof13000A.
Themainswitchboardsarebuiltfromanironframework,whichsupports
switches,controlandmeasurementequipmentnecessaryfordrivingand
charging.Theorderoftheswitchesoneachswitchboardfromlefttorightfor
bothEmotorsisasfollows:
1
2
1
1
1
1
Startingrelay
Motorautomaticcircuitbreaker
Mainbatteryswitchwithchargingconnection
Drivedirectionswitchtwopart
Motorseriesparallelswitch
Batteryparallelserialswitch
Abovetheswitchesareinstalledmeasurementdevicesandtheswitchforthe
fanblowermotor.Adoublemotorfieldrheostatisinstalledontherightsideof
eachswitchboard.
Mainbatteryswitchistwopole.Whenswitchedon,thebatteryautomatic
circuitbreakerisconnectedwithmainswitchboard.Theswitchisoperatedby
anisolatedhandle,whichismountedontwoarms.Inonlinestate,thehandleis
intheupperposition,whenoffhandlerestsinthehorizontalpositiononthe
rubberholders.
Abovearechargingterminals,accessiblethroughaflaponthecasing.
UBoatTypeVIIC
B.Machinery
Page169
UboatInformation
IX.EInstallations
Drivedirectionswitchisalsotwopoleandisusedtotogglecurrentdirectionin
thearmaturestochangethemotorsdirectionofrotation.Theswitchisbuilt
fromtwoparts.Bothpartsareoperatedtogether.Byseveranceofthe
connectionmuff,eachpartofswitchcanbeoperatedseparately.Forforward
drive,theswitchisintheupperposition,forreversedrive,inthebottom
position.Whenoff,theswitchisinthemiddleposition.
Motorseriesparallelswitchisthreepole.Themiddlepoleisusedtomake
equalizerconnectionbetweenarmaturesandserieswindingwhenarmaturesare
connectedinparallel.Intheupperpositionthearmaturesofthemotorare
connectedinparallel.Inthebottompositionthearmaturesareconnectedin
series.
Inthesecondcase,thearmoftheswitchhandle,byclosingauxiliarycontacts
bridgestherelaycontactsandpreventsactivationofthestartingrelay,whenthe
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batteryparallelserialswitchisintheparallelposition.
Batteryparallelserialswitchisathreepole,toggleswitchconstructedfor
1500Aofcontinuouscurrent.Intheupperpositionthebatteriesareinseries,
inthebottompositiontheyareconnectedinparallel.
Motorautomaticcircuitbreakerisaonepolecontactorconnectedwiththe
armaturewindings.Theautomaticcircuitbreakercanbeturnedonandoff
manually.Forautomatictriggeringtwoseparatemagneticcontactorsandtwo
triggerlevelsareprovidedforshortcircuitandoverloadcurrent.
Firstissetat3000Aofshortcircuitcurrent
Secondat1100Aoverloadcurrentin4seconds.
Startingrelaynormallyworksfullyautomatic,butincaseofdamage,italso
canbemanuallyoperated.Thiscontactorlimitstoohighstartingcurrent.
Immediatelyafterturningonthedrivedirectionswitchthecontactoropensand
initsoffstateconnectsthestartingresistorintotheEmotorarmaturecircuit.
Thecontactoroperation
Page170
B.Machinery
UBoatTypeVIIC
IX.EInstallations
UboatInformation
b)
latencyisadjustable.Whenthecontactorcontactsclose(thecurrenthasgone
down,thevoltageislow),thestartingresistorisshortcircuited.Theauxiliary
contactsaresimultaneouslyclosedandtheindicatorlamplights.
Allmaneuverswitchesareconnectedinthestartingrelaycontrolcircuitsothat
whenthemotormaincircuitopens,i.e.byturningoffanymaneuverswitch,the
staringrelaywillopen.Anymodificationofthemainmotorcircuitresultsin
connectingthestartingresistor.
Usingthemotorseriesparallelswitchandbatteryparallelserialswitch
threedrivespeedrangescorrespondingthreevoltagerangescanbeset(seeE
Sketchbook)
1.
2.
3.
Batteriesinparallel,armaturesinseries
Batteriesinparallel,armaturesinparallel
Batteriesinseries,armaturesinparallel
Withinthesethreeranges,furtheradjustmentscanbedonebychangingthe
currentinshuntwindingsusingthedoublemotorfieldrheostat.
Mainswitchboardswithrotaryswitches.
TypeVIICUboatsareequippedwithmainswitchboardswithrotaryswitches
providedbyA.E.G.Company,Berlin.
Thestb.mainswitchboardisconnectedthroughtheaftbatteryautomaticcircuit
breakertotheaftbattery,theportmainbatteryswitchboardisconnected
throughtheforwardbatteryautomaticcircuitbreakertotheforwardbattery.
Eachbatteryautomaticcircuitbreakerhasfollowingsettings:
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overloadcurrentof6000Ain10seconds
shortcircuitcurrentof12000A
Themainswitchboardsarebuiltfromironframework,whichsupports
switches,controlandmeasurementequipmentnecessaryfordrivingand
charging.Theorderoftheswitchesoneachswitchboardfromlefttorightfor
bothEmotorsisasfollows:
UBoatTypeVIIC
B.Machinery
Page171
UboatInformation
IX.EInstallations
1
1
1
1
1
1
Mainbatteryswitchwithchargingconnection
below
Startingrelaywithwithindicatorlamp
Fieldswitch2
Drivedirectionswitch
Fieldswitch1withindicatorlamp
Motorseriesparallelswitch
Batteryparallelserialswitch
Abovetheswitchesareinstalledthefanblowermotorswitch,board
illuminationswitch,silentrunningdriveswitch,andmeasurementdevices.
Thespeedcontrollerisinstalledontherightsideofeachswitchboard.Timed
relayandauxiliaryrelayareinstalledbelowthemeasurementdevicesand
abovethedrivedirectionswitch.
Mainbatteryswitchistwopole.Whenswitchedon,thebatteryautomatic
circuitbreakerisconnectedwithmainswitchboard.Theswitchisoperatedby
anisolatedhandwheel.Byrotatingthehandwheeltotheright,theswitchturns
on,rotatingtotheleftturnstheswitchoff.Inthebottompartarecharging
terminals,accessiblethroughflaponthecasing.
Drivedirectionswitchisfivepoleandisusedtotogglethecurrentdirectionin
thearmaturestochangemotorsdirectionofrotation.Byturningthehandwheel
totheright,themotorrunsforward,byturningtotheleft,themotorruns
backward.Theswitchisturnedoffwhenthehandwheelisthemiddleposition.
Thedrivedirectionswitchisinterlockedwiththemotorfieldswitchsothatthe
Emotorcannotbeturnedon,whenthefieldswitchisturnedoff.
Motorseriesparallelswitchisafourpoletoggleswitch.Turningthe
handwheeltotheright,causesthearmaturestobeconnectedinseriesandthe
equalizerlineisdisconnected.Whenthehandwheelisturnedtotheleft,the
armaturesareconnectedinparallelandtheequalizerlineisconnected.By
meansofauxiliarycontactsthecircuitsofthetimedrelayandsilentrunning
driveswitchareclosed.
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B.Machinery
UBoatTypeVIIC
IX.EInstallations
UboatInformation
Batteryparallelserialswitchisadoublethreepoletoggleswitch.Turning
thehandwheeltotheright,causesparallelconnectionofthebatteries.Whenthe
handwheelisturnedtotheleft,thebatteriesareconnectedinseries.Bymeans
ofauxiliarycontactsthecircuitsofthetimedrelayandsilentrunningdrive
switchareclosed.
Startingrelayisatwopolecircuitbreaker.Itnormallyworksfully
automatically,butincaseofdamage,italsocanbemanuallyoperated.This
contactorlimitstoohighstartingcurrent.Immediatelyafterturningonall
switchesorafterexpirationoftheadjustable(to1second)timeoutthecontactor
opensandinitsoffstateconnectsthestartingresistorintotheEmotor
armaturescircuit.Whenthecontactorcontactsclose(thecurrenthasgone
down,thevoltageislow),thestartingresistorisshortcircuited.Whenthe
maincurrentcircuitopens,i.e.byturningoffanyofmaneuverswitches,the
startingrelayisopenedandthestartingresistorisconnected.
Whentherelayisdamaged,thestartingresistorcanbeshortcircuited
manually.Inthatcasebeforesettingthemaneuverswitches,thestartingrelay
mustbeturnedoff.Whenstartingrelayisactivated,theindicatorlamplights
up.
Usingthemotorseriesparallelswitchandbatteryparallelserialswitch
threedrivespeedrangescorrespondingthreevoltagerangescanbeset(seeE
Sketchbook).
1. Batteriesinparallel,armaturesinseries
2. Batteriesinparallel,armaturesinparallel
3. Batteriesinseries,armaturesinparallel
Withinthesethreeranges,furtheradjustmentscanbedonebychangingthe
currentinshuntwindingsusingthedoublemotorfieldrheostatthespeed
controller.ItalsocanbeusedtocontroltheoutputvoltageoftheEmotor
whilechargingthebattery.Eachsinglerheostatisconnectedinserieswith
singleshuntwindingofthedoublearmaturemachine,thentheyareconnected
inparallelwitheachother.
UBoatTypeVIIC
B.Machinery
Page173
UboatInformation
IX.EInstallations
4)Auxiliaryswitchboardsandpowerdistribution.
Thepowerdistributionandthelightingdistributionisdonebymeansofthe
auxiliaryswitchboards.Auxiliaryswitchboard1isinstalledonportsideofthe
Emotorroom,auxiliaryswitchboard2isinstalledonthestb.sideofcontrol
room.
Bymeanstransferswitchestheauxiliaryswitchboardscanbeconnectedeither
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tothebatteryautomaticcircuitbreakerorthecorrespondingmainswitchboard.
Theconnectionswithmainbatterybusandwiththemainswitchboardauxiliary
busarefusedwith430Acartridgefuses.Eachswitchboardisdividedintothe
mainpowersectionandregulatedvoltagesection.Themainpowersection
powerstheequipment,whichcanworkwithvariablevoltagewithinrange110
170V.Theregulatedvoltagesectionpowersequipmentwhichworksatafixed
voltageof110V.Allcircuitsarefusedwithcartridgefuses.
Thefixedvoltageintheregulatedvoltagesectionismaintainedbyanautomatic
voltageregulator.Incaseofdamage,thevoltageregulatorcanbehand
operated.
Auxiliaryswitchboard1feedsthefollowingcircuits:
Regulatedsection
RadioandUTswitchboard
GyrocompassandTDCconverter
Portlightgroup2
Unregulatedsection
Auxiliaryswitchboard1a
Aftroom(powerport)group2
Powerport(forward)group4
Aircompressor1
Aircompressor2
Dieselengineroom(powerport)group3
Auxiliaryswitchboard2feedsthefollowingcircuits:
Regulatedsection
Lightsstb.(aft)group1
Orderingandreportinginstallations
Page174
B.Machinery
UBoatTypeVIIC
IX.EInstallations
UboatInformation
Lights(stb.)forwardgroup3
Unregulatedsection
Powerstb.(aft)group1
Auxiliarydrainandtrimpump
Powerstb.(forward)group5
Maindrainpump
Dieselengineroom(powerport)group3
5)Electricequipment.
a) Edrivemotorsandtheircurrentfeed(powersupply).
1.Pumping
Drivingmotor
Maindrainpump
Detailed
Circuit
Description
B.II1e
Compoundwith
PowerSupply
Aux.switchboard2(power)
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Aux.drainandtrim
B.II1d
pump
Aircompressor1and2 B.II1e
Auxiliarylubricating
oilpump
B.II2a
Auxiliarycoolingwater B.II2b
pump
Coolingpump
B.II3b
Lubricatingoilpump
B.II1g
Drivefordistillingunit B.II1j
Seriesstarting
winding
Compound
Aux.switchboard.2(power)power
port(forward)group4
Aux.switchboard.1(power)
Compoundwith
Seriesstarting
winding
Compoundwith
Seriesstarting
winding
Compoundwith
Seriesstarting
winding
Compoundwith
Seriesstarting
winding
Compoundwith
Seriesstarting
winding
Shunt
Dieselengineroom(powerport)
group3
group3
Powerstb.(aft)group1
Powerport(forward)group4power
stb.(forward)group5
Powerport(forward)group4or
Orderingandreportinginstallations
Powerstb.(forward)group5
DriveforRefrigeration B.II1n
Compound
plant
Driveforlubricatingoil B.II
Compound
purificationsystem
group3
2.DivingPlanesandMainRudderDrivingMotors.
Aftdiveplanedriving B.II1a
Compound
Powerstb.(aft)1oraftroom(power
motor
port2)
UBoatTypeVIIC
B.Machinery
Page175
UboatInformation
IX.EInstallations
Detailed
Circuit
Description
B.II1a
Compound
Drivingmotor
Forwarddiveplane
drivingmotor
Mainrudderdriving
motor
B.II1a
Intakeandexhaustairfan B.II1f
b)
Compound
PowerSupply
Powerport(forward)4aorpowerstb.
(forward)5a
Powerstb.(aft)oraftroom(powerport
2)
3.Airfans.
Compound
Dieselengineroompowerport3
Rotaryconvertersandassociatedequipment.
GyroCompassConverter
Manufacturer:
Anschtz&Co.,Kiel
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Construction:
Powersupply:
Model:
Drivingmotor:
Generator:
SinglephaseGen. Mediumfreq.Gen.
Voltage:110V
50V
112V
Ratedcurrent:19A
17.2A
2.4A
RPM:3330
3330
3330
Frequency:
55.5cycles/second 0.7cycles/second
Powerfactor:
0.5
0.7
Ratedpower:
0.86kVA
0.5kVA
DirectcurrentGen.
220V
1.4A
3330
0.3kVA
TransmitterConverter
Manufacturer:
Telefunken
Construction:
Multiplearmatureconverter
Powersupply:
Radioswitchboard
Model:
TFG110/3
Drivingmotor:
Voltage:110V
Ratedcurrent:13A
RPM3000
Frequency:
Powerfactor:
Multiplearmatureconverter
Auxiliaryswitchboard1and2
A220T
Generator:(ModelTFG412/7)
400/1500VDC280AC
0.3A0.3A1A
3000
100cycles/second
0.8
Page176
B.Machinery
UBoatTypeVIIC
10
IX.EInstallations
UboatInformation
RatedPower:1.1kVA
0.12/0.45kVA
RadioConverter1
Manufacturer:
Conz,Altona
Construction:
Twoarmatureconverter
Powersupply:
Radioswitchboard
Model:
ENG54/4T
Drivingmotor:
Voltage:110V
Ratedcurrent:65A
RPM1500
Powerfactor:
Frequency:
Ratedpower:
Generator:
225V
27A
1500
0.8
50cycles/second
6kVA
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Manufacturer:
Construction:
Model:
Powersupply:
Generator:
225V
6.7A
1500
0.8
50cycles/second
1.5kVA
RadioConverter3
Manufacturer:
Hansa,Altona
Construction:
Onearmatureconverter
Model:
GW7/125Sp
Powersupply:
Radioswitchboard
RadioConverter2
Conz,Altona
ENG34/4T
Radioswitchboard
Drivingmotor:
Voltage:110V
Ratedcurrent:21A
RPM1500
Powerfactor:
Frequency:
RatedPower:
UBoatTypeVIIC
B.Machinery
Page177
UboatInformation
IX.EInstallations
11
Drivingmotor:
Voltage:110V
RatedCurrent:5A
RPM1000
Powerfactor:
Frequency:
RatedPower:0.35kW
Generator:
220V
1.36A
1000
0.8
50cycles/sec
0.3kVA
Manufacturer:
Construction:
Model:
Powersupply:
Drivingmotor:
Voltage:110V
RatedCurrent:9A
RPM5150
Powerfactor:
Frequency:
RatedPower:
UTConverter
Conz,Altona
EHG03BT
Radioswitchboard
Generator:
120V
4.2A
5150
0.9
2060cycles/second
0.5kVA
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ShallowandDeepEchoSoundingConverter
Manufacturer:
Conz,Altona
Construction:
Onearmatureconverter
Model:
EHG25T
Powersupply:
Radioswitchboard
Drivingmotor:
Voltage:110V
RatedCurrent:1.1A
RPM2500
Powerfactor:
Frequency:
RatedPower:
Generator:
100V
7A
2500
0.9
1500cycles/second
0.7kVA
Page178
B.Machinery
UBoatTypeVIIC
12
IX.EInstallations
UboatInformation
Manufacturer:
Construction:
Model:
Powersupply:
TDCConverter
S.S.W.,Berlin
VG86A6/VFEA66b
Auxiliaryswitchboard1
Drivingmotor:
Voltage:110V
RatedCurrent:17A
RPM1500
Powerfactor:
Frequency:
RatedPower:
Generator:
55V
45.5A
1500
0.35
50cycles/second
0.25kVA
2EtoChargingUnits
Manufacturer:
S.S.W.,Berlin
Construction:
Model:
VG46A84
Powersupply:
Drivingmotor:
Voltage:+304010VKBDB
RatedCurrent:35/20A
RPM1500/2600
Generator:
110/150DB170KB
5A
1500/2600
Rotaryamplifier(forthegyroanglesettinggear)
Manufacturer:
S.S.W.,Berlin
Construction:
Threearmatureconverter
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Model:
Powersupply:
Drivingmotor:
Voltage:110V
RatedCurrent:6.44A
RatedPower:0.5kW
RPM:2000
ExcitationVoltage:110
V
VG46A84
Generator:
Coarsesettinggear
Finesettinggear
Generator
Generator
130V
35V
3A
3A
0.39kW
0.105kW
2000
2000
110V
110V
UBoatTypeVIIC
B.Machinery
Page179
UboatInformation
IX.EInstallations
13
c)
1.
Orderingandreportinginstallations.
Generalinformationandpowersupply.
Theorderingandreportingsystemiscomposedofthefollowingdistinct
installations:
1. Engineordertelegraphsystem
2. Shaftrevolutionindicatorsystem
Rudderordertelegraphandrudderangleindicatorsystemformain
3.
rudder
4. Diveplanesangleindicatorsystems
5. Alarmbellandflashinglightsystem
6. Compartmentreadyindicatingsystem(foreachroom)
7. Hullclosureindicatingsystem
8. Torpedoordersindicatorsystem
9. Radiobroadcastandannouncementsystem(seeparagraphVb)
Thefollowingsystemsarepoweredthroughorderingandreportingsystems
fuseboxincontrolroom(110V,directcurrent):
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Rudderordertelegraphsystem
Rudderangleindicatorsystem
Enginetelegraphsystem
Alarmbellandflashinglightsystem
Speedlogsystem
Thefuseboxisconnectedthroughtheselectorswitch(orderingandreporting
systemfeedswitch)eithertoauxiliaryswitchboard2orderingandreporting
powerlinebranchortotheportlightcircuit.
Thehullclosureindicatingsystemispoweredthroughafeedswitch(not
switchable)fromorderingandreportingpowerlinebranch(auxiliary
switchboard2)
Shaftrevolutionindicatorsystemispoweredbytransmitterscoupledtothe
shaftlines,actingasdirectcurrentgenerators.
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Torpedoordersindicatorsystemispoweredby(55Valternatingcurrent)TDC
converterlocatedintheEmotorroom,whichispoweredfromauxiliary
switchboard1.
Page180
B.Machinery
UBoatTypeVIIC
14
IX.EInstallations
UboatInformation
2.
3.
Engineordertelegraphsystem.
Theengineordertelegraphisusedtopassthedrivelevelordersforthediesel
enginesandEmotors.Thecommonfeedcircuit(thirdjunctionintheordering
andreportingsystemsfusebox)isfurtherseparatedintotwoparallelconnected
portandstb.installations.Eachinstallationconsistsofatransmitter,receiver
withindicatorunitandreceiverselectorswitchintheconningtowerandinthe
controlroomandonereceiverindicatorwithansweringtransmitterinthediesel
engineroomandoneintheEmotorroom.Inthecontrolroomarealsotwo
transmitterselectorswitchesoneforeachinstallation.Thereceiverselector
switchconnectstheassociatedtransmitterwith:
Position1:
Position2:
Position3:
Receiverinthedieselengineroom
ReceiverinthedieselengineroomandEmotorroom
ReceiverintheEmotorroom
Thetransmitterselectorswitchenablesthefollowingconnections:
Position1: Controlroomunitactivatesconningtowerunitreadsalong
Position2: Conningtowerunitactivates,controlroomunitreadsalong
Controlroomunitactivates,conningtowerunitis
Position3:
disconnected.
Atwopolerotarycutoffswitchisprovidedintheselectorswitchcasing.The
switchisusedtoenablenoiselessoperatingmode,whenthebuzzersinconning
towerandcontrolroom,bellsindieselengineroomandhornsinEmotorroom
aredisabled.Onlysignallampsareconnectedwithreceivers.Thereisa
flashingcircuitprovidedforeachinstallation.
Shaftrevolutionindicatorsystem.
Theshaftrevolutionindicatorsystemisusedtoshowpresent,average
revolutionspeed(revolutionsperminute)andtherevolutiondirectionofthe
propellershafts.Ithastwoseparateportandstb.installations.Atransmitteris
providedintheafttorpedoroomandEmotorroomforeachofthetwoshafts.
Thetransmitteriscoupledwiththeelectricmotorshaftbyachainand
sprocket.Eachtransmitterisconnectedwithreceiversinthefollowingrooms:
UBoatTypeVIIC
B.Machinery
Page181
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UboatInformation
IX.EInstallations
4.
Acontrolboxisprovidedinthecontrolroomforportandstb.installation,by
whicheverysinglereceivercanbecutoff.
Bothreceiversforportandstb.sidesinconningtowerareprovidedwithself
illumination,whichispoweredfromtheportlightgroup.
Rudderordertelegraphandrudderangleindicatorsystem.
Themainrudderinstallationconsistsoftherudderordertelegraphandrudder
angleindicatorsystems.
Therudderordertelegraphisusedtopasssteeringcommandsfromthecontrol
roomtothemanualsteeringstationintheafttorpedoroom.
Therudderangleindicatorsystemisusedtopassmainruddercurrentposition
tothereceiverslocatedincontrolroom,afttorpedoroom,bridge,conning
tower,dieselengineroomandEmotorroom.
Theinstallationconsistsofthefollowingparts:
Emotorroom:
Dieselengineroom:
Controlroom:
Conningtower:
Bridge:
Listeningroom
Emotorroom
Dieselengineroom
Controlroom
Conningtower
Listeningroom
Afttorpedoroom:
15
1 Ruddertelegraphreceiverwithbuiltinrudder
angleindicator
1 Callbellfortheruddertelegraphreceiver
1 Rudderanglereceiver
1 Ruddertelegraphtransmitterwithbuiltin
rudderangleindicatorwithturnablebuzzer
1 Fuseandterminalbox
1 Rudderanglereceiverwithadjustable
illumination.
1 Controlboxwith3switches
1 Rudderanglereceiverwithadjustable
illuminationandheating(water/pressure
resistant)
Threeswitchesofthecontrolboxinconningtowerareusedtocutthebridge
receiveroutofthesystem,andtoturnonandofftheheating
Page182
B.Machinery
UboatTypeVIIC
16
IX.EInstallations
UboatInformation
andselfillumination(tubelamp)ofthebridgereceiver.
Thepositionofthemainrudderistransmittedelectricallyusingthevoltage
dividerprinciple.
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5.
1
1
Controlroom:
1
1
1
Conningtower:
6.
Diveplaneangleindicatorsystem.
Theplaneangleindicatorsystemisusedtopassthecurrentangleofthe
forwardandaftdiveplanestoreceiverslocatedinthecontrolroomandthe
conningtower.
Theinstallationconsistsofthefollowingparts:
Rudderplaneangletransmittersenderforaftdiveplanes
Rudderplaneangletransmitterforforwarddiveplanes
Rudderanglereceiverforforwarddiveplanes
Rudderanglereceiverforaftdiveplanes
Terminalandfuzebox
Doublereceiverforforwardandaftdiveplanes
Alarmbellandflashinglightsystem.
Thepurposeoftheinstallationistoinformthecrew,thattheymustassume
divingstationsasfastaspossible.Therearealarmbellsandflashinglampsin
followingrooms.
Alarmbelloneperroom:
Emotorroom
Dieselengineroom
Pettyofficersroom
Controlroom
Officerandchiefpettyofficersroom
Forwardtorpedoroom
Becauseofloudnoiseindieselengineroomtherearealso7lampsinportand5
lampsinstb.lightsgroupcontrolledbyflashingcircuitpoweredbyportand
stb.aftlightsgroup.
Thesystemisoperatedbyalarmactivationswitcheslocatedinconningtower
andcontrolroom.Theseswitchesaremadeastransferswitches,sothatthe
alarmcanbeturnedonoroffbyoneofthese,andalsoturnedofforonbythe
other.
UBoatTypeVIIC
B.Machinery
Page183
UboatInformation
IX.EInstallations
17
7.
Thealarmisinitiatedbyoperatingoneoftheseswitches.
Compartmentreadyindicatingsystem.
Thesystemisusedtoreportcompartmentreadinessfordivingthrough
indicatinglamps.Anindicatinglampboxwith5lampsisinstalledinthe
controlroomontheforwardstbsideoftheperiscopewell.Whenthe
compartmentreportsreadinessfordiving,theswitchlocatedinthatroomcloses
thecircuitandtherelatedindicatinglamphighlightsthewordReadyonthe
indicatinglampbox.
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Theswitchesforeachroomarelocatedasfollow:
Emotorroom
Dieselengineroom
Pettyofficersroom
Officersandchiefpettyofficers
room
Forwardtorpedoroom
8.
9.
Attheswitchboard
Ontheforwardbulkhead
Inthegalleyontheforwardbulkhead
Onthebulkheadoftheprovisionslocker
Overthetubesneartheframe
Hullclosureindicatingsystem.
Thehullclosureindicatingsystemisusedtoreportstateofthehullvalveson
theindicatinglampbox.Theboxisinstalledontheforwardstb.sideof
periscopewell,underthecompartmentreadyindicatinglampbox.Thereare5
indicatinglamps,whicharecontrolledbycontactswitchesprovidedforthe
followingvalves:
Fortheouterexhaustgasvalveportandstarboard
"Dieselengineairintakeuppervalve
"intakeairuppervalve
"exhaustairuppervalve
Ventvalveindicatingsystem.
Notinstalled
Page184
B.Machinery
UBoatTypeVIIC
18
IX.EInstallations
UboatInformation
10. Torpedoordersindicatorsystem.
Thesystemisusedtopassordersfromtheconningtowertotheforwardandaft
torpedorooms.Thetransmitterwithanswerreceiverisinstalledintheconning
tower,intheforwardandafttorpedoroomsreceiverswithanswertransmitters
areprovided.Bymeansofthecontrolboxincontrolroom,theconningtower
canbeconnectedwithforwardorwithafttorpedorooms.
d) Signalequipment.
1. Generalinformationandpowersupply.
Theorderingandreportingpowerline(auxiliaryswitchboard2)branchesinthe
firstfuseboxintotherunninglightspowerline.
Thislinehasthefollowingterminals:
Steaminglightwithindicator
lamp
Sidelightstb.withindicatorlamp
Sidelightportwithindicatorlamp Eachhasaswitchatthefuzebox
Sternlightonstem
Sternlightonconningtower
Allroundlight
Theselightscanbeturnedoffandturnedonbywaterresistantswitches(signal
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lampsswitches)providedinconningtower.Inthecircuitsofthesideand
steaminglightsindicatorlampsareconnectedinseriesaftertheswitchesinthe
fusebox.Forsettings"Bright","Dim"andforturningoffthesternlights,there
isadimmingresistorwithindicatorlampandswitchprovidedinconning
tower.Thesternlightandindicatorlampisconnectedinseries.Bymeansof
selectorswitchthesternlightonsternorthesternlightonconningtowercan
beconnectedwithdimmingresistor.
Forpoweringthesteaminglightand24Vsignalsearchlightthefollowing
outletsareprovided:waterandpressureresistantoutletonthebridge(with
associatedwaterresistantswitchlocatedinconningtower)andwaterresistant
outletwithswitchintheconningtower.The24Vsignalsearchlightis
connectedthroughfuseboxandtransformerandpoweredfromthe
UBoatTypeVIIC
B.Machinery
Page185
UboatInformation
IX.EInstallations
19
2.
3.
e)
1.
TRUswitchboardlocatedcontrolroom.
Thepowerforthelarge24Vsearchlightisprovidedthesameasforsignal
searchlight.Intheconningtowerthereisawaterresistantoutletwithswitch
installed.
Runninglights.
Thesidelightsarebuiltintothebridgebulwark.
Thesteaminglightisattachedtotheforwardperiscopebymeansofseveral
brackets.
Thehandlampusedasanallroundlight,whichisattachedtothetopof
forwardperiscopebymeansofseveralbrackets,soitcanbevisiblefromall
directions.
Betweentheswitchandoutletoftheallroundlightisamobilecablewithkey
switch,bywhichthelightcanbyusedforMorsesignaling.
Searchlightequipment.
The24Voltsignalsearchlightisheldby2handlesandiscontrolledbymeans
ofakey.Thedimmingshutterconsistsofamovingtube,whichcoversupthe
lightbulb.Theoutletsareinstalledinconningtowerandonthebridge.Both
associatedswitchesarelocatedinconningtower.
The24Voltsearchlightcanbesetupontheportorstb.sideofthebridge,in
twomountingsupportsprovidedthere.
Itsdimmingdeviceconsistsofseveralslats,operatedbyhandlever.Thewater
resistantoutletisinstalledinconningtower.
Powerloadforboatpurposes.
Boatlighting.
Theboatlightingsystemisdividedintothreegroups:
LightGroup1: Lightstb.aft,Powersupplyauxiliaryswitchboard2
LightGroup2: Lightport""""1
LightGroup3 Lightstb.forward,""""2
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Page186
B.Machinery
UBoatTypeVIIC
20
IX.EInstallations
UboatInformation
2.
Halfofthelightsofeachroomarealwayspoweredfromdifferentlightgroup,
sothefailureofonelightgrouporauxiliaryswitchboarddoesn'tleadto
completeroomlightfailure.
Thenightlightingispoweredfromlightgroupsandinthefollowingrooms
consistsof:
Pettyofficersroom
Officersandchiefpettyofficersroom
Forwardtorpedoroom
2items
2"
1"
Hotplates.
Thestoveispoweredbyvoltage110/170V,thetotalweightis325kg.Ithas:
2Hotplates
each3kW
"1.1kW
"4kW
"1.2kW
Current
consumption
"
"
"
each23A
1"
1Oven
110literboiler
"8.5A
"31A
"9.2A
3.
Inplaceoftheoven,a40liter,8.5kW,65.5Aboilercanbeconnected.
Boat'sheating.
ForelectricheatingequipmentseesectionBVI.
Clicktheiconstoviewtheassociatedrecords
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(7850) (3550) (3600)

(4700) (2350) (5750) (5750)

G.7a G.7a G.7a

G.7a G.7a G.7a G.7a G.7e G.7e G.7e

1720 +6086 +4022 +4869 +5504 +6985 +7250 +5977

=Flood =Blow =Drain

Room/Tank Capacity Arm

Measurewith Intake Arm Residual

MBT MBT MB/RFOT MB/RFOT FOT FOT Forward Remaining Total

MBT MBT MB/RFOT MB/RFOT FOT FOT Forward Remaining Total

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