EDUCATIONAL

INSTITUTIONS
Michael Anjielo R. Tabuyan
Teacher, HUMSS Strand
Senior High School Department
San Beda College Alabang

COVERAGE

Education

Functions of Education in the Society

Issues on Philippine Education

EDUCATION

EDUCATION
(Alejandria-Gonzales, 2016)

Development
Act

of the intellect

of thinking critically

EDUCATION
(Santarita and Madrid, 2016)

Notion of education varies

through time and culture

Greeks: school as leisure for

development of holistic
education

Industrial Revolution as
compartmentalization of
education

Educational institutions as
teacher for society membership
and survival

TYPES OF EDUCATION

Formal

Student learns
classroom

inside

the

Follows a curriculum and is

being graded on his/her
performance

Non-Formal

Enables a student to learn

skills and knowledge through
structured
learning
experiences

FUNCTIONS OF EDUCATION
(Santarita and Madrid, 2016;
Alejandria-Gonzales, 2016)

Develop a productive citizenry

Promote self-actualization

GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS
INVOLVED IN EDUCATION

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
(DEPED)
Pre-School

Education

Elementary

Education

Secondary

Education

Junior

High School

Senior

High School

Alternative

(ALS)

Learning System

COMMISSION ON
HIGHER EDUCATION (CHED)
Tertiary

Education

Bachelor

in Arts (BA/AB)
Bachelor of Science (BS)
Graduate

School

Master

Education/Graduate

of Science
Master of Arts
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

CLASSIFICATION OF HIGHER
EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

Public HEI

State Universities and Colleges

(SUC) HEIs established by the
national government through a
Republic Act (ex: PUP, PNU, UP)

Local Universities and Colleges

(LUC) HEIs established by the
local
government
(province/city/municipality)
through an ordinance as provided
in the Local Government Code of
the Philippines or RA 7160 (ex:
PLM, UMAK, PLMUN)

Private HEI

TECHNICAL EDUCATION AND SKILLS

DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY (TESDA)

Trade/Vocational

School system
National Certificate

SPECIALIZED SCHOOLS IN THE PHILIPPINES

MAJOR ISSUES IN PHILIPPINE

EDUCATION

BUDGET CUTS IN STATE UNIVERSITIES

AND COLLEGES (SUCs)
POPULATION
(2011)

2010

2011

Change

12,743

Php2,307,300

2,422,700

5.00%

2,880

Php6,693,000

5,978,000

-10.68%

Philippine Normal University (PNU)

Philippine State College of Aeronautics
(PHILSCA)
Polytechnic University of the Philippines (PUP)

12,084

Php53,656,000

51,245,000

-4.49%

5,699

Php10,383,000

9,646,000

-7.10%

61,990

Php114,114,000

90,684,000

-20.53%

Rizal Technological University (RTU)

Technological University of the Philippines
(TUP)
University of the Philippines System (UP)

20,146

Php21,047,000

18,942,000

-10.00%

22,844

Php83,098,000

62,638,000

-24.62%

SUC

Eulogio Amang Rodriguez Institute

of Science & Technology (EARIST)
Marikina Polytechnic College (MPC)

52,385

Php1,358,332,000 Php653,999,000 -51.85%

LACK OF FACILITIES

LOW SALARY OF
GOVERNMENT TEACHERS
SALARY
GRADE

GROSS MONTHLY SALARY

BASED ON 2015 SALARY STANDARDIZATION LAW
FIRST
TRANCHE
(2016)

SECOND
TRANCHE
(2017)

THIRD
TRANCHE
(2018)

FOURTH
TRANCHE
(2019)

9, 478

9,981

10,510

11,068

PRISON GUARD I

12,488

12,975

13,481

14,007

PRISON INSPECTOR

10

17,730

18,217

18,718

19,233

TEACHER I

11

19,077

18,217

20,179

20,754

TEACHER III

13

22,328

23,257

24,224

25,232

MASTER TEACHER I

18

33,452

35,693

38,085

40,637

PMA CADET

16

28,417

30,044

31,765

33,584

CABINET SECRETARY

31

117,086

152,325

198,168

257,809

RANK

LACK OF TEACHERS IN SCHOOLS

(TABLE: AVERAGE TEACHER-PUPIL RATIO IN SELECTED ASEAN STATES)

COUNRTY

LEVEL
PRIMARY
PHILIPPINES
SECONDARY

2006
1:35
1:37

2013
1:31
1:27

PRIMARY
SINGAPORE
SECONDARY
PRIMARY
VIETNAM
SECONDARY

1:23
1:18
1:21
1:23

No data
No data
1:19
No data

PRIMARY
SECONDARY
PRIMARY

1:31
1:25
1:20

1:26
1:18
1:16

SECONDARY

1:12

1:15

LAOS
INDONESIA

Source: World Bank and Philippine National Statistics Coordination Board

DE-NATIONALIZED K-12 CURRICULUM

OVERCROWDING IN CLASSROOMS
AND INCIDENCE OF DROPPING