Experiment Report

Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics

Modul H-03
Stability of Floating Object

Group 27
Muhammad Farell Javier
Muhammad Fauzan
Muhammad Gebri Adhya P
Nadila Rahmariana
Neysa Dianesdhika

Laboratory Assistant
Experiment Date
Approve Date
Score
Assistants sign

1506789133
1506789146
1506789152
1506789165
1506789171

: Hero Suspadama
: 15 October 2016
:
:
:

Laboratory of Hydraulics, Hydrology and River

Civil Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering
Universitas Indonesia
2016
H-03 Stability of Floating Object

I. Objectives
To determine the metacentric point of the object
II. Theory
-

Metacentric is a point where vertical line that pass through centroid

on stable condition (G) intersect the vertical line that pass through
the floating point (M)
The height of metacentric point is the distance between G and M
Floating point (B) is the point on an object where resultant of
floating force works
Distance between the bottom part of the pontoon and Floating point
is the half of distance between the bottom part of pontoon and the
fluid surface
The position of B usually affected by the move of horizontal
moveable load for x cm

Rolling moment :
w . x=W . GM sin
GM =

w.x
W sin

Theoretically we can calculate GM by using equation:

GM =BM BG

With,
BM =

I
V

and

BG = y

d
2

Where:
W : pontoon weight
w : weight of transversal load
GM: metacentrum height
BM: distance between floating point and metacentrum
BG: distance between floating point and centroid
I: inertia of the pontoon

V: volume of displaced water

y: distance between bottom of pontoon and centroid
III. Apparatus
1. Hydraulic desk
2. stability of floating object apparatus device
Specification
-

Pontoon dimension : Width:200 mm

Height: 75 mm
Length: 350 mm

Pontoon load mass: 1457 gram

Transversal load mass: 322 gram
g = 9.81 m/s2
= 1 gram/cm3

IV. Procedure
1. Setting up the hydraulic desk
2. Preparing the pontoon and its equipment
3. Setting up the transversal load so that will be located on the center
of pontoon
4. Setting up the vertical moveable load so that it is placed above the
pontoon by:
a. Putting the vertical moveable load so that it is located 200
mm above the bottom part of pontoon
b. Determining the centroid of pontoon by hang the pontoon on
a line that tied up on vertical moveable load pole
c. Mark that point (G)
d. Moving the transversal load if the centroid is not placed above
the pontoon
e. Measure the distance between the bottom part of pontoon and
point G
5. Filling up the water tank on hydraulic desk then put the pontoon on
the tank
6. Setting up the so-called unting-unting so that while on stable
condition it will show 0o
7. Measuring the depth of pontoon body that is below the water
surface (d) then calculate (B) point by dividing d into half
8. Moving the transversal load by 15 mm to the right then record the
angle
9. Moving the transversal load into the zero point

10.
Moving the transversal load by 15 mm to the left then record
the angle
11.
Moving the transversal load into the zero point
12.
Repeat the 4th steps to the 11th step with different height of
vertical load
V. Data Analysis
Data :
Distance Of
Vertical
Moveable
Load (mm)

Distance Between
Bottom of Pontoon
to Floating Point
(mm)

200

14

250

18

300

18

Distance of
Horizontal
Moveable
Load (mm)
15
30
45
60
15
30
45
60
15
30
45
60

Pontoon specification: dimension = 350x200x75 mm

Pontoon mass = 1457 gram
Transversal load = 322 gram

Angle
of
Heel
(Right)
2.5
5.5
7.5
9.5
4
6
8
10
5
7.5
10
12.5

Angle
of
Heel
(Left)
2.5
5.5
7.5
9.5
3
6
9
12
3.5
6
10
13

1. Experiment 1
h = 200 mm
y = 95 mm
d = 18 mm
x
15
30
45
60

right
2.5
5.5
7.5
9.5

left
2.5
5.5
7.5
9.5

Mean
Of
2.5
5.5
7.5
9.5

sin
(y)
0.044
0.096
0.131
0.165

total

b=

xy =
x2

GM exp =

0.002864

w
322
=
= 77.15355 mm
bW 0.002864 1457

Theoretical GM
BM =

I min
= 185.1852 mm
V

d
BG = y = 88 mm
2
GM theory =BM BG= 97.18519 mm

|GM theoryGM exp|

Error=

GM theory

100 =

20.61182 %

xy

x^2

0.66
2.88
5.895
9.9
19.33
5

225
900
2025
3600
6750

0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
15

30

45

60

2. Experiment 2
h = 250 mm
y = 105 mm
d = 18 mm

ri
gh
t

le
ft

Me
an
Of

15

3.5

30

45

8.5

60

10

12

11

sin

(y)
0.0
61
0.1
05
0.1
48
0.1
91

to
tal

b=

xy =
x2

GM exp =

0.003287

w
322
=
=
bW 0.003287 1457

67.24201 mm

xy
0.91
5
3.15
6.66
11.4
6
22.1
85

x^
2
22
5
90
0
20
25
36
00
67
50

Theoretical GM
BM =

I min
= 185.1852 mm
V

d
BG = y = 96 mm
2
GM theory =BM BG=

89.1852 mm

|GM theoryGM exp|

Error=

GM theory

100 =

24.60406 %

0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
15

30

45

60

3. Experiment 3
h = 300 mm
y = 115 mm
d = 18 mm
Me
an
Of

4.2
5
6.7
5

rig
ht

le
ft

15

3.
5

30

7.
5

45

10

10

10

60

12
.5

13

12.
75

sin

(y)

to
tal

b=

xy =
x2

GM exp =

0.003813

w
322
=
=
bW 0.003813 1457

57.95509 mm

Theoretical GM
BM =

I min
= 185.1852 mm
V

d
BG = y = 106 mm
2
GM theory =BM BG=

79.1852 mm

|GM theoryGM exp|

Error=

GM theory

100 =

26.810706 %

0.0
74
0.1
18
0.1
74
0.2
21

xy

x^
2

1.1
1
3.5
4
7.8
3
13.
26
25.
74

22
5
90
0
20
25
36
00
67
50

0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
15

30

45

60

VI. Analysis
1. Experiment analysis
The main objective of this experiment is to determine the metacentric
point of the object. To determine the metacentric point of the object,
we must determine the position of centroid of the object, in this case is
the centroid of pontoon with specification below
Dimension = 350x200x75 mm
Pontoon mass = 1457 gram
Transversal load = 322 gram
After that we also measure the depth of pontoon that located below the
water surface on hydraulic desk. The experiment is divided into 3
experiments with different height of moveable vertical load 200 mm, 250
mm, and 300 mm.
The main steps of these 3 experiment is moving the horizontal moveable
load by 15 mm for 3 times to the left and right from the center of pontoon,
right after moving the load, record the angle of heel. To determine the GM
from the experiment, we do regression analysis of distance of horizontal
load to the center and the sinus of angle of heel.
By using the formula:
b=

xy
x2

and

GM exp =

w
bW

We can determine the value of GM from experiment. Not only determine

the GM value from experiment, but also we must compare the result from
experiment with the GM value from theoretical formula and also calculate
the error that occur by using formula :
BM =

I min
V ,

BG = y

GM theory =BM BG ,

2. Result analysis

d
2

|GM theory GM exp|

Error=

GM theory

From the experiment and data calculation that we did, the result that we
get is:
Height of Vertical Load
(mm)

GM exp

GM theory

(mm)

(mm)

200
250

77.15355
67.24201

97.18519
89.1852

300

57.95509

79.1852

Error
20.61182 %
24.60406 %
26.810706
%

From the result above we can make a conclusion that the value of GM
is affected by the location of the centroid, the higher the location of the
centroid will decrease the value of GM. On the other way around, the
value of GM will be increase.
Not only the height of centroid, the distance of horizontal moveable
load that causing the changes of angle of heel also affecting the value
of the GM itself. Since the depth of the part of pontoon that located
below water surface is constant, it will not affecting the GM value. On
the other hand, the total mass and the dimension of the object also
have a significant effect to the value of GM, but in this experiment, the
total mass and the volume are constant, in other word, that will not
affecting the GMexp value at all.
3. Error analysis
On this experiment, there are several mistakes that caused by the
participant or the apparatus that used during the experiment that
causing the error of the data calculation, although the error is still
about 20% it still consider as a quite big error. There are several factors
that might be the cause of error:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Measuring process of centroid location is not 100% accurate

The unting-unting might be blocked by the pole
Misreading of angle measurement
One side of pontoon might be hit the hydraulic desks wall
The distance of horizontal moveable load is not fix on the
determined distance

VII. Conclusion
From the experiment and the analysis above, we can conclude that
1. GM value is depend on the position of centroid, the higher centroid,
the lower GM value will be, which mean the pontoon will be more
unstable.

2. The bigger distance of the horizontal moveable load, the bigger

angle of heel occur, vice versa.
3. Theoretically the GM value is also affected by the total mass, but in
this experiment it is not affecting the value of GM due to its
constant value.
4. error in this experiment is about 20%, the cause of this error is
several factors that have been told on the error analysis above.