Security Level:

47pt

Huawei UMTS Radio Network

Planning

www.huawei.com

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Huawei Confidential

Content

Radio Network Planning Overview

Radio Network Dimensioning



Link Budget

Capacity Dimensioning

CE Dimensioning

Iub Bandwidth Dimensioning

Huawei Confidential

Page 2

Huawei UMTS RNP Procedure



Preparation





Deployment

Preliminary planning


Information Collection, such as, coverage related,

capacity related
Digital map

Dimensioning

Cell radius, No. of sites, CEs,

Nominal Planning

Coverage prediction, simulation

Site Survey

Final RF design




Site survey
Cell planning

Dimensioning

Nominal
Planning

Detailed Planning
& Pre-optimization

Final RF Design

Preliminary design
Preparation

Information collection

Huawei Confidential

What will we discuss in the following slides

How to determine the cell radius or the inter-site distance for

UMTS network?

How to dimension the multi-service capacity in UMTS?

How to dimension the CE and Iub bandwidth?

Huawei Confidential

Page 4

Content

Radio Network Planning Overview

Radio Network Dimensioning



Link Budget

Capacity Dimensioning

CE Dimensioning

Iub Bandwidth Dimensioning

Huawei Confidential

Page 5

Dimensioning Procedure
Wireless Network Dimensioning Platform
GENEX RND is a radio dimensioning tool designed for link budget,
capacity dimensioning, CE Iub dimensioning and etc.
start
Coverage Requirement

Link Budget
Cell Radius

Capacity Requirement

Capacity Dimensioning

Meet Capacity Requirement?

No

Adjust Carrier/NodeB

Yes
CE/Iub Dimensioning
Output result
End
Huawei Confidential

Page 6

Content

Radio Network Planning Overview

Radio Network Dimensioning



Link Budget

Capacity Dimensioning

CE Dimensioning

Iub Bandwidth Dimensioning

Huawei Confidential

Page 7

Uplink: Radio Link Budget

Slow Fading Margin

SHO Gain

Fast Fading Margin

NodeB Antenna Gain

AntennaGain

Interference Margin
Body Loss

UE Antenna Gain
Cable Loss
UE Transmit Power
Penetration Loss

UPLINK BUDGET
CableLoss
NodeB
Sensitivity

Antenna Gain

Maximum Allowable
Path Loss

SHO Gain

Penetration
Loss

Margin
Loss

Cell Radius
NodeB Reception Sensitivity

Huawei Confidential

Page 8

Downlink: Radio Link Budget

Slow Fading Margin

SHO Gain

Fast Fading Margin

UE Antenna Gain

Interference Margin

Antenna Gain
Node B Antenna Gain

Body Loss
Cable Loss

Node B Transmit Power

Penetration Loss

DOWNLINK BUDGET
Maximum Allowed
Path Loss

Cable Loss
Antenna Gain

NodeB
Sensitivity

SHO Gain

Penetration
Loss

Cell Radius

Margin
Loss
UE Reception Sensitivity

Huawei Confidential

Page 9

Interference Margin

WCDMA is a self-interfered system

Higher cell load leads to higher noise rise

Noise Rise (dB)

Interference Curve in Uplink

UL Load

Noise Rise = 10 Log10 (1 UL )

[dB ]

Huawei Confidential

UL Load
50%
60%
75%

Page 10

Noise Rise
3dB
4dB
6dB

Rx Sensitivity
PG = 10*log(3840/R)
R: data rate

Rx Sensitivity
= Thermal Noise (dBm) + NF Processing Gain + Eb/No

=-174dBm/Hz + 10*log(3840000)

NodeB: 1.6dB for 2.1GHz;

1.8dB for 900MHz, 800MHz
UE:
7dB

Case Study: Sensitivity in uplink UMTS2100

Channel model: TU3
CS64kbps
 Eb/No=2.72dB

Rx Sensitivity :
= -108+1.6-10*log(3840/64)+2.72
= -121.6dBm

Case Study: Sensitivity in downlink UMTS2100

Channel Model: TU3
CS64kbps
 Eb/No=6.3dB

Rx Sensitivity :
= -108+7.0-10*log(3840/64)+6.3
= -112.6 dBm

Huawei Confidential

Page 11

Case: UMTS 850 Link Budget

Scenario
Propagation Model

Dense Urban
OkumuraHata(Huawei)

Urban
OkumuraHata(Huawei)

Suburb
OkumuraHata(Huawei)

Rural
OkumuraHata(Huawei)

NodeB Tx Feeder Loss (dB)

UE/NodeB Antenna Height
(m)

Input

0.50

Input

0.50

Input

0.50

Input

0.50

1.50

25.00

1.50

30.00

1.50

35.00

1.50

40.00

Frequency (MHz)

830

875

830

875

830

875

830

875

SHO Overhead

20.00%

20.00%

20.00%

20.00%

Softer HO Overhead

20.00%

20.00%

20.00%

20.00%

Area Coverage Probability

95.00%

95.00%

95.00%

90.00%

Penetration Loss

18.00

14.00

10.00

8.00

HSPA link Budget

R99 services

Huawei Confidential

Page 12

Case: UMTS 2100 Link Budget

Scenario

Dense Urban

Propagation Model

Cost231-Hata(Huawei)

Urban
Cost231Hata(Huawei)

Suburb
Cost231Hata(Huawei)

Rural
Cost231Hata(Huawei)

NodeB Tx Feeder Loss (dB)

UE/NodeB Antenna Height
(m)

Input

0.50

Input

0.50

Input

0.50

Input

0.50

1.50

25.00

1.50

30.00

1.50

35.00

1.50

40.00

Frequency (MHz)

1950

2140

1950

2140

1950

2140

1950

2140

SHO Overhead

20.00%

20.00%

20.00%

20.00%

Softer HO Overhead

20.00%

20.00%

20.00%

20.00%

Area Coverage Probability

95.00%

95.00%

95.00%

90.00%

Penetration Loss

20

16

12

R99 service link

budget

HSPA link budget

Huawei Confidential

Page 13

Differences between UMTS 850 and 2100MHz

1

Cable Loss
Lower frequency  Smaller Cable Loss




850MHz: 3.87dB/100m
1800MHz: 5.75dBm/100m
2100MHz: 6.29dBm/100m

cable 7/8 for reference

Propagation Model
Lower frequency  Less Path Loss



Lower Frequency,
Better Coverage!

850MHz: Okumura-Hata
2100MHz: COST231-Hata

Building Penetration Loss

Lower frequency  Lower BPL

Antenna Gain
Lower frequency  Lower Gain

Huawei Confidential

Page 14

Cell Radius for Reference

Different service, different coverage range

Higher bits rate, smaller coverage, more sites, higher investment
Cell radius depends on the continuous coverage service, typical continuous coverage
service:



DU, U, SU = CS64kbps, RU = AMR12.2kbps

DU=PS384kbps, U, SU, RU = CS64kbps

Scenario

Cell Radius of UMTS2100

AMR12.2k

CS64k

PS128k

PS384k

Dense Urban

---

0.3~0.5 km

0.3~0.5 km

0.2~0.4 km

Urban

---

0.7~0.9 km

0.7~0.9 km

---

Suburban

2.03.0 km

1.2~2.0 km

---

---

Rural

5.08.0 km

3.0~6.0 km

---

---

Huawei Confidential

Page 15

Content

Radio Network Planning Overview

Radio Network Dimensioning



Link Budget

Capacity Dimensioning

CE Dimensioning

Iub Bandwidth Dimensioning

Huawei Confidential

Page 16

Factors Affecting Cell Capacity

NodeB Power

Users
Distribution

Own Cell Load

HSPA+

Factors Affecting
Capacity
Neighboring
Cell Load

Bearers

Radio Condition

UE Performance

Huawei Confidential

Page 17

Cell Capacity Dimensioning of Multi-Services

RND Tool

Input parameters


Traffic Model

Output the max.

GoS requirement for CS services

subs supported by

Max. Cell load

one cell

Start

load

Traffic Model
Target Load
GoS

Iterative process

Assuming Subscribers

Calculate Load Consumption

PS
No
=Target Load

Adjust subscribers

CS
Yes

CCH

Output subscribers per cell

Cell load is dynamically shared between multi-services

End

Huawei Confidential

Page 18

Commercial Network Traffic Model for Reference

Typical voice Erl per subs @ BH: 0.01Erl~0.03 Erl

Typical PS bits rate per subs @ BH: 1kbps~7kbps

StarHub Singapore

PCCW HongKong
Bearers

UL Traffic

DL Traffic

AMR12.2k

0.0263 Erlang

0.0263 Erlang

CS64k

0.0002 Erlang

PS64k

Bearers

UL Traffic

DL Traffic

AMR12.2k

0.0133 Erlang

0.0133 Erlang

0.0002 Erlang

CS64k

0.0000 Erlang

0.0000 Erlang

19 kbit

438 kbit

PS64k

1895 kbit

59 kbit

PS128k

2 kbit

584 kbit

PS128k

211 kbit

78 kbit

PS384k

0 kbit

584 kbit

PS384k

0 kbit

78 kbit

HSUPA

1056 kbit

HSUPA

2629 kbit

HSDPA

4241 kbit

HSDPA

10529 kbit

ETISALAT UAE

Digitel Philippines
Bearers

UL Traffic

DL Traffic

AMR12.2k

0.0067 Erlang

0.0067 Erlang

CS64k

0.0000 Erlang

PS64k

Bearers

UL Traffic

DL Traffic

AMR12.2k

0.0285 Erlang

0.0285 Erlang

0.0000 Erlang

CS64k

0.0002 Erlang

0.0002 Erlang

4378 kbit

34 kbit

PS64k

1162 kbit

711 kbit

PS128k

486 kbit

45 kbit

PS128k

0 kbit

711 kbit

PS384k

0 kbit

45 kbit

PS384k

0 kbit

948 kbit

HSUPA

2 kbit

HSUPA

79.14 kbit

HSDPA

17389 kbit

HSDPA

12477 kbit

Huawei Confidential

Page 19

Example of Capacity Dimensioning

Parameters and assumptions
Scenario
Dense Urban

DL
Max. UL Max. DL Max. DL CCH
Load Load of R99 Load
Load
50.00%

75.00%

HSDPA
Max. Code

90.00% 20.00%

15

Urban

50.00%

75.00%

90.00% 20.00%

15

Suburb

50.00%

75.00%

90.00% 20.00%

15

Rural

50.00%

75.00%

90.00% 20.00%

15

Link Budget result cell radius

Scenario
TCH Cell
Radius
(km)

Dense
Urban

Urban

0.98

1.68

Suburb

4.67

Rural

12.10

Traffic Model
Bearers

UL Traffic

DL Traffic

AMR12.2k

0.0263 Erlang

0.0263 Erlang

CS64k

0.0002 Erlang

0.0002 Erlang

PS64k

19 kbit

438 kbit

PS128k

2 kbit

584 kbit

PS384k

0 kbit

584 kbit

HSUPA

1056 kbit

HSDPA

4241 kbit

Huawei Confidential

Scenario

Subscribers per cell

Dense Urban

472

Urban

364

Suburb

462

Rural

453

Page 20

Cell Capacity of R99 Field Test

Larger cell capacity while the neighbor cell interference is lower

Different cell throughput for different bearers

Test conditions


Urban Scenario

Subs evenly distribution in the cell

Neighbor cells are 75% DL load

Test conditions


Urban Scenario

Subs evenly distribution in the cell

No neighbor cells interference

Huawei Confidential

Page 21

Cell Capacity of HSDPA Field Test

Higher cell throughput in good radio condition

Different terminals have different performance

Higher own cell load available, higher cell throughput

Test conditions


Urban Scenario




HSDPA Cell Throughput: macro Cells

HSDPA Power

70%

50%

20%

Subs evenly distribution in the cell

Cell Throughput @ CAT10

5.30 Mbps

3.60 Mbps

2.20 Mbps

Neighbor cells are 90% DL load

Cell Throughput @ CAT8

4.40 Mbps

3.20 Mbps

1.80 Mbps

Test conditions


Indoor DAS Scenario

Subs evenly distribution in the cell

HSDPA Cell Throughput: CAT8

HSDPA Power
70%
50%
20%
Cell Throughput @ Indoor DAS
9.00 Mbps 6.50 Mbps 3.50 Mbps
cell

Huawei Confidential

Page 22

Cell Capacity of HSUPA Field Test

Higher cell throughput in good radio condition

Different terminals have different performance

Higher own cell load available, higher cell throughput

Urban Scenario

Subs evenly distribution in the cell

Huawei Confidential

Page 23

Cell Capacity of HSPA Simultaneous HSPA Users

HSDPA Users

WBBPd1
128 Users

RAN12.0
WBBPd2
144 Users

WBBPd3
144 Users

HSUPA Users

96 Users

96 Users

96 Users

Huawei Confidential

Page 24

Content

Radio Network Planning Overview

Radio Network Dimensioning



Link Budget

Capacity Dimensioning

CE Dimensioning

Iub Bandwidth Dimensioning

Huawei Confidential

Page 25

Huawei CE Definition and Highlights

Definition of a CE: A Channel Element is the base band resource required
in the Node-B to provide capacity for one voice channel, including control
plane signaling, compressed mode, transmit diversity and softer handover.

No need extra CE resource for CCH

--- reserved CE resource for CCH

No need extra CE resource for TX diversity

No need extra CE resource for Compressed Mode

--- reserved resources for Compressed Mode

No need extra CE resource for Softer HO

HSDPA does not occupy R99 CE resource

--- separate chipset module for HSDPA traffic processing

Huawei Confidential

Page 26

CE Dimensioning
Input parameters:
 Traffic model
 Subs per site
 Soft handover overhead
 Retransmission Ratio
 PS Burt ratio
 Gos for CS services

CEUL _ Total = Max (CE Erlang _ Peak _ UL , CE Erlang _ Average _ UL + CE PS _ Average _ UL + CE HSDPA _ UL + CE HSUPA _ UL )

CE DL _ Total = Max (CE Erlang _ Peak _ DL , CE Erlang _ Average _ DL + CE PS _ Average _ DL + CE HSDPA _ DL + CE HSUPA _ DL )

Output :
 UL CE per site
 DL CE per site
Huawei Confidential

Page 27

Input Parameters for CE Dimensioning

Traffic Model
Service type

Uplink

Downlink

AMR12.2 (Erl)

0.035

0.035

PS64 (kbit)

144

96

PS128 (kbit)

192

PS384 (kbit)

288

HSPA (kbit)

576

2304

Total

720

2880

subscriber per site (S111) is 586

 SHO overhead 20%

 Retransmission for PS 1%
 PS Burst Ratio 40%
 average 20kbps per HSUPA online user
 average 128kbps per HSUPA active user
 average 50kbps per HSDPA online user
 average 500kbps per HSDPA active user

Huawei Confidential

Page 28

Step1: CE for CS Services

ErlangB
33

Traffic of voice = 0.035*586*(1+20%) = 24.612 Erl

CEPeakCEforCS = CSPeakConnections * CEFactor

CE Factor for R99 CS Services
Bearer

Uplink

Downlink

AMR12.2k

CS64k

Erlang per subs * total subs per site

CE AverageCEf

orCS

CSErlTraff

icPerNodeB

(1 + SH Overhead) CEFactor

= 0.035 * 586 * (1 + 20%) *1

= 25CE
Huawei Confidential

Page 29

Step2: Average CE for R99 PS Services

AverageConnectionNumberi =

TotalThroughputperSite
AverageBitsRate

CE PS _ Average = AverageConnectionNumberi CEFactori

i

CE Factor for R99 Bearers

Case: UL R99 PS64

CE UL _ PS 64 =

Bearer

Uplink

Downlink

PS64k

PS128k

PS144k

PS256k

10

PS384k

10

144 * 586 * (1 + 20%) * (1 + 1%) * (1 + 40%)

* 3 = 10CE
64 * 0.2 * 3600

Huawei Confidential

Page 30

Step3: DL HSDPA CE Dimensioning

DL: Only consider downlink SRB CE consumption, one HSDPA user
consume 1 CE; if SRB over HSDPA, no CE consumption:
HSDPAConnections =

TotalHSDPAThroughputperSite
AverageBitsRate

CEHSDPA _ DL = HSDPAConnections *1
HSDPA connections including:
HSDPA connections with data transmission
HSDPA connections without data transmission

Case: Without SRB over HSPA

CE HSDPA _ DL =

2304 * 586 * (1 + 1%) * (1 + 40%)

*1 = 10.6CE
50 * 3600

Huawei Confidential

Page 31

Step4: UL HSDPA CE Dimensioning

UL: Only consider CE consumed by A-DCH of HSDPA in uplink:
HSDPAConne ctions withdatatr an =

TotalHSDPA Throughput perSite

AverageBit sRate withdatatr an

CEHSDPA _ UL = HSDPAConnectionswithoutdatatran *1 + HSDPAConnectionswithdatatran * CEFactor

HSDPAConnections withoutdatatran = HSDPAConnections HSDPAConnectionswithdatatran

Case: Without SRB over HSPA

2304 * 586 * (1 + 1%) * (1 + 40%) * (1 + 20%)

*3
500 * 3600
2304 * 586 * (1 + 1%) * (1 + 40%) * (1 + 20%) 2304 * 586 * (1 + 1%) * (1 + 40%) * (1 + 20%)
+(

) *1
50 * 3600
500 * 3600
= 15.3CE

CE HSDPA _ UL =

Huawei Confidential

Page 32

Step5: HSUPA CE Dimensioning UL SRB

UL CE consumed by HSUPA including


Signalling of HSUPA users (SRB)

Traffic of HSUPA users

UL SRB

HSUPAConnections =

TotalHSUPAThroughputperSite
AverageBitsRate

SRB over DCH

CE SRB _ UL = HSUPAConne ctions * 1

SRB over HSUPA

No additional CE comsuption

Case: SRB over DCH

CE HSUPA _ ULSRB =

576 * 586 * (1 + 20%) * (1 + 1%) * (1 + 40%)

*1 = 8CE
20 * 3600

Huawei Confidential

Page 33

Step5: HSUPA CE Dimensioning UL Traffic

UL Traffic

HSUPAConnectionswithdatatran =

TotalHSUPAThroughputperSite
AverageBitsRatewithdatatran

CEHSUPA _ UL = HSUPAConnectionswithoutdatatran *1 + HSUPAConnectionswithdatatran * CEFactor

HSUPAConnectionswithoutdatatran = HSUPAConnections HSUPAConnectionswithdatatran

SF

CE factor
RAN12.0

CE HSUPA _ ULTraffic
576 * 586 * (1 + 1%) * (1 + 40%) * (1 + 20%)
=
*4
128 * 3600
576 * 586 * (1 + 1%) * (1 + 40%) * (1 + 20%)
+(
20 * 3600
576 * 586 * (1 + 1%) * (1 + 40%) * (1 + 20%)
) *1

128 * 3600
= 12CE

Huawei Confidential

RLC Bit-rate (Kbps)

10ms TTI

2ms TTI

SF32

35.4

35.4

SF16

69

69

SF8

169.8

169.8

SF4

709.2

709.2

2*SF4

16

1448.4

1399

2*SF2

32

1995

2886

2*SF2 +
2*SF4

48

NA

5742

2*M2+2*
M4

64

NA

11498

Page 34

Step6: Total CE Per Site

CEUL _ Total = Max (CE Erlang _ Peak _ UL , CE Erlang _ Average _ UL + CE PS _ Average _ UL + CE HSDPA _ UL + CE HSUPA _ UL )

CE DL _ Total = Max (CE Erlang _ Peak _ DL , CE Erlang _ Average _ DL + CE PS _ Average _ DL + CE HSDPA _ DL + CE HSUPA _ DL )

Total CE of Uplink = max(33,25+10+15.3+8+12)=71 CE

Total CE of Downlink = max(33,25+4.143+8.28+8.28+10.6)=57CE

Huawei Confidential

Page 35

Content

Radio Network Planning Overview

Radio Network Dimensioning



Link Budget

Capacity Dimensioning

CE Dimensioning

Iub Bandwidth Dimensioning

Huawei Confidential

Page 36

Iub Bandwidths for All Bearers

Iub Bandwidth Occupation for R99 Bearers
Bearer

ATM over E1

IP over E1

IP over Ethernet

AMR12.2k

13.7 kbps

11.7 kbps

13.7 kbps

CS64k

80.7 kbps

71.7 kbps

86.7 kbps

PS64k

83.7 kbps

74.7 kbps

89.7 kbps

PS128k

165.7 kbps

141.7 kbps

156.7 kbps

PS384k

492.7 kbps

418.7 kbps

447.7 kbps

Bearer

ATM over E1

IP over E1

IP over Ethernet

HSDPA

33%

12%

20%

HSUPA

30%

10%

15%

Iub Bandwidth Occupation for CCH

Bearer

ATM over E1

IP over E1

IP over Ethernet

RACH

56 kbps

46 kbps

51 kbps

PCH

29 kbps

25 kbps

27 kbps

FACH

41 kbps

35 kbps

39 kbps

Huawei Confidential

Page 37

Iub Dimensioning Procedure

Input
Subscribers
Subs per NodeB

Iub Dimensioning

Output

Erlang Services Iub

Average Bandwidth
Iub Bandwidth

CS Traffic
Voice Traffic
VP Traffic

GoS Requirements

PS Traffic
PS64 Throughput
PS128 Throughput
PS384 Throughput

PS Retransmission

PS Iub Bandwidth
HSPA Iub
Bandwidth

Service Iub
Bandwidth
max

HSPA End-user Experience Rate

Bandwidth

HSPA Traffic
Common Channel Bandwidth
O&M Bandwidth

Total Iub bandwidth = max(IubHSDPAPeak , Iubcs+Iubps+IubHSDPA)+IubCCH+IubO&M

Huawei Confidential

Page 38

Input Parameters for Iub Bandwidth Dimensioning

Traffic Model
Service type

Uplink

Downlink

AMR12.2 (Erl)

0.035

0.035

PS64 (kbit)

144

PS128 (kbit)

PS384 (kbit)

576

HSPA (kbit)

576

2304

Total

720

2880

 Subscriber per site (S111) is 586

 SHO overhead 20%
 Retransmission for PS 1%
 PS Burst Ratio 40%

Huawei Confidential

Page 39

Step1: Iub Bandwidth for R99 Services

CSErlangTr

Iub CS =

afficPerNo deB i * (1 + OH SHO ) * IubFactor

IubPS = PSConnecti onNumberi * IubFactori

i

Iub Bandwidth Occupation for R99 Bearers

Bearer
IP over Ethernet
13.7 kbps
AMR12.2k
86.7 kbps
CS64k
89.7 kbps
PS64k
156.7 kbps
PS128k
447.7 kbps
PS384k

Case: DL CS&PS Iub bandwidth

IubCS = 0.035 * 586 * (1 + 20%) *13.7 = 337.18kbps

IubPS =

576 * 586 * (1 + 20%) * (1 + 1%) * (1 + 40%)

* 447.7 = 185.48kbps
384 * 3600

Huawei Confidential

Page 40

Step2: Iub Bandwidth for HSDPA

IubHSPA = ThroughputPerNodeB * (1 + RBurst ) * (1 + RRe trans ) * (1 + IubOverhead ) / 3600
Bearer

IP over Ethernet

HSDPA

20%

HSUPA

15%

Case: Iub bandwidth for HSDPA

IubHSDPA = 2880 * 586 * (1 + 1%) * (1 + 40%) * (1 + 20%)/3600 = 795.46kbps

Step3: Total DL Iub Bandwidth

Total Iub bandwidth = Iubcs+Iubps+IubHSDPA+IubCCH+IubO&M
= 337.18 + 185.48 + 795.46 + (27 + 39) +64
= 1410kbps

Huawei Confidential

Iub Bandwidth Occupation for CCH

Bearer
IP over Ethernet
RACH
51 kbps
PCH
27 kbps
FACH
39 kbps

Page 41

Iub Bandwidth for HSDPA Peak Bits Rate

Iub Bandwidth for the Peak Rate of a HSDPA User
Terminal Type with
Peak Data Rate (L1)

ATM over E1

IP over E1

IP over
Ethernet

CAT6 (3.6Mbps)

4.50 Mbps

3.80 Mbps

4.00 Mbps

CAT8 (7.2Mbps)

8.90 Mbps

7.50 Mbps

8.00 Mbps

CAT10 (14.4Mbps)

17.80 Mbps

15.00 Mbps

16.00 Mbps

Consider HSDPA peak bits rate requirement, the total Iub bandwidth
should be
Total Iub bandwidth = Max(IubHSDPAPeak , Iubcs+Iubps+IubHSDPA)+IubCCH+IubO&M
= Max( 16Mbps, 337.18 + 185.48 + 795.46) + (27 + 39) +64
= 16.13Mbps

Huawei Confidential

Page 42

Thank you
www.huawei.com