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ISSN 2250-3153
484
I. INTRODUCTION
International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 6, Issue 8, August 2016
ISSN 2250-3153
485
5.0g
4.0g
1000mL
6.80.2
1.0g
0.8g
0.2g
0.1g
0.1g
0.01g
0.5g
1000mL
7.0
Day1
Day2
Day3
Day4
Day5
Day6
Day7
S1
0.253
0.290
0.355
0.531
0.693
0.256
0.182
S2
0.196
0.234
0.283
0.401
0.263
0.156
0.120
S3
0.126
0.156
0.181
0.131
0.131
0.126
0.110
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International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 6, Issue 8, August 2016
ISSN 2250-3153
486
Day1
Day2
Day3
Day4
Day5
Day6
Day7
0.70
0.65
0.60
0.55
0.50
0.45
0.40
0.35
0.30
0.25
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.00
S1
S2
S3
Bacterial strains
day of incubation. From 6th to 7th day the growth will become
significantly reduced. Table 4 and Figure 3 showed that S 1 had
the maximum capacity (0.296 mg protein/ml) to grow on mineral
medium
Table 4 : Growth tolerance studies of isolated bacterial strains in Mineral salt medium (mg protein/ ml)
Strains
Day1
Day2
Day3
Day4
Day5
Day6
Day7
S1
0.153
0.186
0.230
0.256
0.296
0.243
0.216
S2
0.131
0.156
0.198
0.213
0.258
0.138
0.101
S3
0.108
0.153
0.162
0.168
0.132
0.128
0.118
0.30
0.28
0.26
0.24
0.22
0.20
0.18
0.16
0.14
0.12
0.10
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
0.00
S1
S2
S3
Bacterial strains
Sterilized
soil+fipronil
Rh
NRh
30.57
10.57
90.57
40.57
20.57
30.57
140.57
90.57
40.33
30.57
10.57
30.57
40.57
10.57
120.57
110.57
640.57
30.57
140.57
100.57
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International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 6, Issue 8, August 2016
ISSN 2250-3153
S11
S12
180.57
340.57
120.57
480.57
110.33
180.57
487
100.57
240.57
30.57
60.57
80.57
50.57
100
80
60
40
20
0
S1
S2
S3
S4
S5
S6
S7
S8
S9
S10
S11
S12
Sample sites
Fungal population
In rhizospheric region the fungal population was ranged
from 11x103 to 51 x103in controls and 9 x103 to 36 x103 in
unsterilized soil with fipronil. In the case of sterilized soil with
0.3% of fipronil the fungal population was ranged from 6 x10 3 to
32 x103. In nonrhizospheric region the fungal population was
ranged from 1 x103to 31 x103 in control, 3 x103 to 18 x103 in
Control
S1
S2
S3
S4
S5
S6
S7
S8
S9
S10
S11
S12
Rh
260.57
120.57
340.57
480.57
110.57
280.57
200.33
160.57
310.57
510.57
430.88
160.57
Sterilized
soil+fipronil
Rh
NRh
140.57
30.57
80.57
140.57
260.57 120.57
320.57 180.57
90.57
160.57
160.57
20.57
120.57 160.57
90.33
20.57
210.57
40.57
60.57
90.57
280.57 130.57
110.57
10.57
50
40
30
20
10
0
S1
S2
S3
S4
S5
S6
S7
S8
S9
S10
S11
S12
Sample sites
Actinomycetal population
Actinomycetes compose 10% to 33% of the bacterial
population and are more abundant in surface soils with high pH.
In control the actinomycetal population was ranged from 1x10 4
International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 6, Issue 8, August 2016
ISSN 2250-3153
488
Sterilized
soil+fipronil
Rh
10.57
30.33
20.57
40.33
20.57
10.33
80.57
40.57
20.57
10.57
20.57
30.57
nRh
50.57
30.57
30.57
70.57
20.57
10.57
10.57
40.57
20.57
70.57
10.57
40.57
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
S1
S2
S3
S4
S5
S6
S7
S8
S9
S10
S11
S12
Sample sites
IV. CONCLUSION
According to the study, we can conclude that the isolated
and selected fipronil degraded three strains had growth response
on two different media. In nutrient broth , the strains have
significant growth up to 4th day and in mineral salt media the
strains had growth tolerance up to the 5 th day of incubation. Both
in rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere the microbial density was
showed maximum in control than the sterilized and unsterilized
soils amended with 0.3% fipronil. According to our observations
unsterilized soil supplemented with 0.3% fipronil had a
maximum microbial density than the sterilized soils. Reduction
in number of microorganisms in different soil types and at
various depths was investigated and insecticides and /or their
residues inhibited the growth of microorganisms. The gradual
increase in microbial counts may be attributed to their ability to
temporarily mineralize and use fipronil as an energy source. Our
plantation soil was the richest source of naturally occurring
fipronil degrading bacterial strains. In future we can isolate and
identify the fipronil degrading strains and use it as a
bioremediator in fipronil contaminated soils.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
We express our sincere gratitude to UGC, New Delhi for
granting financial support in concern with a Major Research
Project.
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International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 6, Issue 8, August 2016
ISSN 2250-3153
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489
AUTHORS
First Author Keerthi.A.T, MSc. MPhil, Research Scholar,
Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Kerala,
Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala
Second Author Dr.V.Salom Gnana Thanga, Associate
Professor, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of
Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala
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