04 FT42724EN02GLA4 System Overview

System Overview
System Overview
Contents
1
1.1
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
3
3.1
3.2
3.3
4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
5
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
6
6.1
IDU Modular Assembly

Hardware and Functionality
IDU Processing
E1 payload processing
STM1 payload processing
Features available with the 2xSTM-1 Expansion I/O Module
Ethernet payload Processing
Master IO: Auxiliary Channels
Controller Module: NMS Functions
Framer and Cross-Point Switch capability
Modulations and channel bandwidth
Outdoor Unit
HC AP/CC Outdoor Unit
HC AP Odu
IDU ODU Cable
System Configurations
Available configurations
1+0 (Single Unprotected Terminal)
Protected terminal
2+0 Systems
Cross Connections up to SW 3.0
Introduction
Termination Points Identification
Bidirectional Connections
Ring Cross Connections
CROSS- CONNECTION FROM SW 3.1
Classic SNCP and SNCP-Like Cross-Connections
Loopbacks
Introduction
FT42724EN02GLA4
2011 Nokia Siemens Networks
3
3
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26
27
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36
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57
62
63
64
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97
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98
102
103
106
108
109
110
System Overview
6.2
6.3
6.4
7
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
8
8.1
8.2
8.3
Loopback from the "Analysis" menu

E1/T1 Loopback from the Data Link menu
STM-1 Mini IO Loopback from the Data Link Menu
TMN management
IDU and Network Management
IP Address
Network
TMN Interworking
License Fee
License Levels
License Fee Upgrading
Modes Files
110
116
118
121
122
122
122
123
125
125
126
127
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
IDU Modular Assembly
1.1
Hardware and Functionality
Indoor unit is modular. Several modules are available, providing a wide range of
traffic interfaces and configurations.
Second Power
Supply Module
Power Supply
Module
= Mandadory
Controller
Module
Master I/O Module
E1 Expansion
I/O Module
Second Modem (7, 14, 28, 56 MHz)

4,16, 32,64, 128 QAM
and IF Telemetry
Module
STM-1
Modem (7, 14, 28, 56 MHz)
Mini I/O Module
4,16, 32,64, 128 QAM
and IF/Telemetry Module,
= Optional
Fig. 1 Modular Indoor Unit
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
Module
Performed Logical function
Controller
IDU programming and supervision

NMS management (SNMP)
Alarm remotization (input and
Note
output)
Master IO card
Process User Payload

Manage Framer
Manage Cross-point Switch
Provide Voice Order-wire
Provides Data Order-wire
Optional I/O
Cards
Provide additional payload
Modem/IF
Forward-error-correction (FEC)
Note that Framer/Crosspoint Switch is housed on

Master IO card; this
means that switching and
framing capacity of the
IDU depend on the type
of equipped Master I/O
module.
capabilities
encoding/decoding
QPSK, 4QAM, 16QAM, 32QAM,

128QAM modulation and
demodulation
Bandwidths: from 7MHz to

56MHz.
Power Supply
Carrier Recovery
Timing Recovery
Equalization
The IF chain
Transmit: 350 MHz carrier
Receive: 140 MHz carrier
IDU-ODU Telemetry
Accepts 48 Vdc
Provides power to IDU and ODU
No mechanical switch for

IDU nor ODU power up is
present
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
1.1.1
IDU Modules
A list about the IDU Modules is reported below.
Fig. 2
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
From SVR 2.1 the following new units have been inserted:
Controller2 unit
Standard2 Master IO unit
Enhanced2 Master IO unit
Enhanced GigE Master IO unit
From SVR 3.0 the following new units have been inserted:
Wideband Modem2 unit: this unit replaces the old Wideband Modem unit (it has
the same features of the old unit)
2xSTM-1 Expansion unit (optical or electrical): this unit is installed in the

ExpansionIO slot and provides two channels with STM-1 interface
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
MASTER I/O MODULE
16E1 + 2 FE
Standard Master
16E1 + 2 FE + Mux/Demux
Enhanced Master
42E1 Master
42E1 + 2 FE
GBE Master
4 GBE/FE + 1 GBE (SFP) +2E1
GBE Enhanced
Master
4 FE/GBE + 1 GBE (SFP) +2E1

+ Mux/Demux
Fig. 3 Master I/O Modules
2XSTM-1 el. or opt

Expansion Mod. (SVR3.0)
I/O Expansion Modules
21 E1 Expansion Module
16 E1 Expansion Module
I/O Exp. Mod.

STM-1 I/O
STM-1 I/O Mini Module

For STM-1/E1 mux/demux functionality
provide Master I/O Module Expanded type.
STM-1 modules not compatible with 42E1 Master
STM-1 Optical
STM-1 Electrical
Fig. 4 Expansion Modules
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
1.1.2
Indoor Unit Block Diagram
Fig. 5 shows the FlexiHybrid Indoor Unit simplified Block Diagram.
Ethernet I/f
Controller
E1 i/f
Ethernet L2
Switch
Expansion
I/O
STM1
I/O
Modem
MODEM
Cross point
Switch
framer
Modem
MODEM
E1s
E1s
Mux/demux
MASTER
Power Supply
Power Supply
Fig. 5 IDU Simplified Block Diagram
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
1.1.3
IDU Configurations
1.1.3.1
Standard PDH Configuration (16E1+2FE)
Fig. 6 Standard PDH Configuration
Configurations:
1+0/1+1/Repeater/Ring (East-West)
1+0 configuration consists of Chassis/Backplane + 4 modules:
Power Supply Module

Controller Module version 1,version 2
Standard I/O Module version1, version 2
Modem and IF/Telemetry Module
1+1/1+1/Repeater/Ring configurations require an additional modem and power

supply unit.
Modulations, Channel bandwidth: QPSK-128QAM, 7/14/28/56 MHz (14and 28
MHz bandwidth available with SVR 1.1/1.2/1.3/1.4; 7,14,28 MHz available with
SVR.2.1; 56 MHz future release)
Payload Options:
100BaseTX Ethernet: scalable (from 1 100 Mbps)

16xE1
Voice Order Wire & Data Order Wire
64Kbps Voice Order Wire plus RS422/RS232 64Kbps data

Traffic capacity (please see "mod files" in chapter13)
up to 16xE1 (E1 traffic only)

up to 155 Mbps with Master I/O version1/version2 (Eth traffic only in "Plus" mode)
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
1.1.3.2
Super PDH configuration (up to 63E1+2FE)
Fig. 7 Super PDH Configuration
Configurations:
Power Supply Module

Controller Module
Standard I/O Module+16 E1 Expansion I/O Module or 42E1 I/O Module+21 E1
Expansion I/O Module

1+1/Repeater/Ring configurations require an additional modem and power supply
unit
Payload Options:

32xE1, (Standard I/O Module+16 E1 Expansion I/O Module)
42XE1, (42E1 I/O Module)
63XE1, (42E1 I/O Module+21 E1 Expansion I/O Module)

Traffic capacity (please see "mod files" in chapter13)
up to 63xE1 (E1 traffic only)

up to 155 Mbps with Master I/O version1/version2 (Eth traffic only in "Plus" mode)
10
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
1.1.3.3
GigaEthernet configuration with Geth I/O module (up to

4Gbe/FE+1Gbe+18E1)
Fig. 8 Gigabit Ethernet Configuration
Configurations:
o
1+0/1+1/Repeater/Ring (East-West and East-East)
Power Supply Module

Controller Module
GEth I/O Module

unit
Payload Options:
4 x 10/1001000Base-TX RJ-45 modular local port connectors

SFP Slot (1000Base-TX, 1000Base-SX, 1000Base-LX)
2 E1 (RJ-48C) interface connections
E1 capability can be expanded to 18xE1 by using optional 16xE1 expansion
module.
Traffic capacity (please see "mode files in chapter13")
up to 300 Mbps in 1+0 configuration and 56 MHz channel
FT42724EN02GLA4
11
System Overview
1.1.3.4
GigaEthernet configuration+STM1 with EnhGEth I/O Module, (up to

4Gbe/FE+1Gbe+18E1)
Fig. 9 IDU EnhGig E STM1e/o
Configurations:
1+0/1+1/Repeater/Ring (East-West and East-East)

Power Supply Module

Controller Module
Enhanced GEth I/O Module with integrated Mux/Demux capability
STM-1 Optical or Electrical Mini IO Module

unit
Payload Options:
4 x 10/1001000Base-TX RJ-45 modular local port connectors

SFP Slot (1000Base-TX, 1000Base-SX, 1000Base-LX)
2 E1 (RJ-48C) interface connections
E1 capability can be expanded to 18xE1 by using optional 16xE1 expansion
module.
Traffic capacity (please see "mode files in chapter13")
up to 300 Mbps in 1+0 configuration and 56 MHz channel
12
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
1.1.3.5
SDH configuration (STM1 opt/el+16E1+2FE)
Fig. 10 (SDH Configuration)
Configurations:
Power Supply Module

Controller Module
Enhanced I/O Module Ver.1/Ver.2 with integrated Mux/Demux capability
STM-1 Optical or Electrical Mini IO Module

unit
Payload Options:

16xE1
1xSTM-1 Optical or Electrical (depends on option selected)

When the STM1 is transparently transported to the remote (28.128-1s mode file) no
E1/Ethernet traffic is available.
FT42724EN02GLA4
13
System Overview
14
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
1.1.3.6
SDH configuration (2xSTM1 opt/el+16E1+2FE
STM-1 #1
STM-1 #2
Fig. 11
NOTE
the functionality related to the 2XSTM1 expansion module, is available from
SVR. 3.1
Configurations:
1+0/1+1/2+0/Ring, (East, West), (East, East)

Power Supply Module

Controller Module
16E1+2FE standard I/O Module Ver.2
2xSTM-1 Optical or Electrical expansion Module

unit
Payload Options:

42xE1
2xSTM1 transparent transport.
FT42724EN02GLA4
15
System Overview

When the STM1 is transparently transported to the remote (28.128-1s mode file) no
E1/Ethernet traffic is available.
Transparent transport of two STM-1
1XSTM-1
1XSTM-1
128QAM
128QAM
28 MHz ch.
28 MHz ch.
STM-1 #1
STM-1 #2
2xSTM-1 Exp. Module is available with

electrical or optical interface
Fig. 12
Transparent transport of two STM-1
2XSTM1
128QAM
56 MHz ch.
STM-1 #1
STM-1 #2
Available with electrical or optical

interface
Fig. 13
16
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
2X STM-1 with mux/demux functionality
Other LIUs
Framer/Cross Point Switch

(Master I/O Module)
Modem 1
Modem 2
I/O Bus
MUX/DEMUX
SDH
LIUs
SDH
LIUs
STM-1 #1
STM-1 #2
2XSTM-1 Exp module with embedded

mux/demux functionality (126E1)
Fig. 14
2X STM-1 with 1+1 MSP functionality

Other LIUs
APS = Automatic Protection Switch

Framer/Cross Point Switch
(Master I/O Module)
Modem 1
Modem 2
I/O Bus
APS
SDH
LIUs
STM-1 #1W
SDH
LIUs
STM-1 #1P
2XSTM-1 Exp module with 1+1 MSP

functionality
Fig. 15
FT42724EN02GLA4
17
System Overview
1.1.4
Idu Composition
The IDU P/N is followed by a letter identifying the license fee:
a for license L1
b for license L2
c for license L3
d for license L4
e for license L5
f for license L6
For License detail refer to chapter 8.
18
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
Svr 3.0-3.1
Fig. 16 IDU Slot
Fig. 17
FT42724EN02GLA4
19
Svr 3.0-3.1
System Overview
Fig. 18
NOTE
Each row corresponds to 2 IDUs: the 1+0 and the 1+1 version. The 1+1 version
has the redundancy of Modem and Power Supply modules. Note that here the
1+1 name is used as a reference name; the 1+1 configurations support also the
2+0 systems.
L/U = In 1+0 configuration only 1 module is equipped in the Lower slot. In 1+1
configurations two modules are equipped (Lower and Upper).
- - = the slot is empty.

// = the slot can not be equipped because it is not free (42E1 master is wider
than the Master Slot).
In the SVR section:

o x = the IDU compositions are supported and can be ordered.
o S= the IDU compositions are supported but not orderable (no purchasing code
associated). As per previous SVR these combinations are supported in the current
SVR to ensure the possibility to upgrade the already installed cases and to support a
certain level of module swap and substitution (IDUs in Mixed configurations section
of the table).
20
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
1.1.4.1
Link Terminals with different configuration
A link composed of two IDUs equipped with different HW modules can be setup (this
link is called Mixed Link). This type of link allows using different payload interfaces for
the two network elements (for example, STM1 interface in one terminal and 32 E1
interface in the other one).
Fig. 19 Link terminals with different configuration
A mixed link is ensured by the fact that the configurations of the two terminals are
over the air compatible. This requires that the following conditions are met:
1. The two modems are configured with compatible Modes files: the same RowIDs
contain the same configuration for modem and payload parameters (and
obviously the same mode is selected).
2. The Master IO modules of the IDUs have compatible framer structure.
Fig. 20summarize the master IO modules with the over the air compatibility (starting
from the SVR this is ensured).
FT42724EN02GLA4
21
System Overview
Fig. 20 Over the air compatibility for Master IO modules (link terminals are intended to have the same SVR)
22
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
1 Due to modes file not compatible between SVR 1.0 and SVR 1.1/1.2
2 Incomaptibility due to the different framer structure
3 Incompatibility due to the different framer structure The incompatibility
affects only the E1 and STM1 payload. NMS radio channel is compatible.
Fig. 21 Over the air compatibility between different SVRs (the two terminal links have different SVR).
Fig. 21 summarizes which SVRs are over the air compatible. Note that it describes
cases where different SVRs are loaded on the two link terminals. Although this
condition is not supported as standard working condition it shall be considered during
SVR upgrade phase, mostly if the upgrade is performed from remote site.
FT42724EN02GLA4
23
System Overview
24
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
IDU Processing
FT42724EN02GLA4
25
System Overview
2.1
E1 payload processing
E1s can be cross connected towards Modems or User interface.

Performance monitoring is not currently available for E1 payload.
AIS and LOS alarms are available for each E1 channel.
E1/T1 Port 1
E1/T1 Port n
Standard Master: 16E1 + 2 FE
Line
Interface
Unit
Cross-point
Switch
n=16
:n=2
42 + 2 FE
42E1 Master:n = 42E1
Expanded Master: 16E1 + 2 FE + Mux/Demux
GBE Master:
GBE Expanded: 4 FE/GBE + 1 GBE (SFP) +2E1

Master
+ Mux/Demux
Modem 1
Framer
Modem 2
Fig. 22 E1 Payload Processing
WARNING
Cross connections are explained in details in chapter 05.
26
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
2.2
STM1 payload processing
2.2.1
STM1 Payload processing up to SW 3.0
If Mux/Demux option is not used, the STM1 is transparently transported. In this case
the IDU is a pure transport; no RST termination is supported.
STM-1 Port
Framer
Modem
Fig. 23 STM1 Payload Processing
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27
System Overview
2.2.1.1
STM-1 Mux/Demux Option
This option requires the Enhanced Master IO module. The structure that can be
managed via Mux-Demux is TUG3-VC12 (Asynchronous mapping) and the entire
frame (63VC12) is completed terminated. This implies that there is not a pure SDH
Add/Drop capability because the frame over the air is not STM1 but it is a proprietary
frame. Consequently this appliance has not RST, nor MST regeneration processing,
but the termination (line-side) is implemented. STM1 clock is not transported over the
air.
Cross-point Switch provides any-to-any routing of E1s between front-panel ports,
east link, west link, and STM-1 Mux-Demux as reported in details in chapter 12.
WARNING
Mixed TUG3 structures are not supported.
E1 P1
E1 P16
Line
InterfaceUni
t
Modem 1
Framer
Modem 2
Cross-point
Switch
Mux/
Demux
Line
InterfaceUni
t
STM-1 Port
Fig. 24 STM1 Mux/Demux Option
28
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
2.2.1.2
STM-1 Mux/Demux Characteristics
STM-1 Mux/Demux provides for a STM-1 Terminal Mux/Demux capability.

It can Mux/Demux up to 63 x E1 from an STM-1 signal.
Performance monitoring is via WebGUI and SNMP.
Only the front-panel STM-1 signal may be routed to the STM-1 Mux/Demux
Line
InterfaceUni
t
STM-1 Port
E1 1
E1 2
E1 3
Mux/
Demux
E1 63
Fig. 25 STM1 Mux/Demux
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FT42724EN02GLA4
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29
System Overview
2.2.2
2.2.2.1
STM1 Payload processing from SW. 3.1 SU1

STM-1 Crosspoint Switch
The STM-1 Crosspoint switch provides the routing of STM-1 channels between the
STM-1 Mini I/O Module, the 2xSTM-1 Expansion Module, the modems, and the
E1/T1 Crosspoint switch and can be configured to operate in Pass-Through mode or
Mux/Demux mode.
Fig. 26 illustrates the full functionality of the STM-1 Crosspoint switch to direct STM-1
channels and how it interconnects to the E1/T1 Crosspoint switch.
Fig. 26 STM-1 Crosspoint Switch
30
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
2.2.2.2
STM-1 Pass-Through
The STM-1 Crosspoint switch performs the following functions in the Pass-Through
Mode:
Directs STM-1 streams from the front panel (Mini I/O Module and Expansion I/O
Module), unchanged, to either modem.
Directs STM-1 streams from either modem, unchanged, to the front panel.
Directs STM-1 streams from one modem, unchanged, to the other modem.
Fig. 27 illustrates the IDU installed with the 2xSTM-1 Expansion I/O Module and the
Mini I/O module operating in the Pass-Through mode.
Fig. 27 STM-1 Pass-Through
FT42724EN02GLA4
31
System Overview
2.2.2.3
STM-1 Mux/Demux
The STM-1 Crosspoint switch performs the following functions in the Mux/Demux
Mode:
Directs STM-1 streams from either the front panel or modem to the demultiplexers.
Directs STM-1 streams from the multiplexer to either the front panel or modem.
In Fig. 28 are two examples of the IDU installed with the 2xSTM-1 Expansion I/O
Module operating in the Mux/Demux mode. STM-1 streams may pass between
modems and the front panel as STM-1 streams or pass through the Mux/Demux
cores providing Add/Drop functionality. Each core is capable of
demultiplexing/multiplexing up to 63 E1/T1s i.e. 1 x Core per STM-1 stream. With the
2xSTM-1 Expansion IO Module installed, up to 42 E1/T1s may be added or dropped
through the front panel.
Fig. 28 Mux-Demux option
Depending on the Standard Module I/O installed in the IDU the number of E1/T1s
that may be added or dropped is given in the following table:
Fig. 29 Local Add/Drop
32
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
2.3
2.3.1
Features available with the 2xSTM-1 Expansion

I/O Module
STM-1 Pass-Through
The STM-1 Pass-Through capability provided by the FlexiHybrid allows for

transparent transmission of STM-1 signals across a wireless link. The FlexiHybrid
equipment and wireless link are not an SDH Network Element (NE), but rather may
be considered as a "bump in the wire".
When operating as an STM-1 Pass-Through, the FlexiHybrid recovers the STM-1
signal clock from the STM-1 signal received from the wireless link. This STM-1 signal
clock is used to clock the STM-1 signal out of the FlexiHybrid ID and transmit the
STM-1 signal to the connected NE.
2.3.1.1
Linear network
The 2xSTM-1 Expansion IO module allows up to two SDH NEs to be connected to

each FlexiHybrid. This allows two independent STM-1 signals to be transmitted
across the wireless link(s) as shown in Fig. 30.
Fig. 30
2.3.1.2
Ring network
When equipped with a 2xSTM-1 Expansion IO module a 2+0 configured FlexiHybrid

may be incorporated within a wireless SDH ring. The entire ring may be deployed
with wireless segments as shown in Fig. 31, or individual segments of a ring may be
deployed using 2+0 and/or 1+0 FlexiHybrid links.
FT42724EN02GLA4
33
System Overview
Fig. 31
2.3.2
2.3.2.1
STM-1 functions
STM-1 Core Function
The 2xSTM-1 Expansion I/O module provides Mux/Demux & ADM features. The
signal termination capabilities include:
1. Regenerator Section termination and performance monitoring
2. Multiplex Section termination and performance monitoring
3. High-Path termination and performance monitoring
4. Low-Path termination and performance monitoring (i.e. E1/VC-12 Mux/Demux)
5. Support for SNCP and 1+1 MSP capabilities.
34
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
2.3.2.2
Slave Equipment Clock (SEC) Timing Function
The 2xSTM-1 Expansion I/O module contains a Slave Equipment Clock (SEC)
Timing Function in compliance with ITU-T Recommendation G.813. The SEC Timing
Module provides a stratum 3 timing reference when no reference clock is available.
The timing module is able to synchronize to timing references. Possible
synchronization sources are:
STM-1 Receive Signal on Port 1

STM-1 Receive Signal on Port 2
E1 BITS Reference Clock on Master IO E1 Port 1
STM-1 signal received from the RF link
E1 or VC-12 received from the RF link

The 2xSTM-1 Expansion I/O module acts as a timing master for STM-1 links for
which a free-running stratum 3 clock is sufficient.
2.3.2.3
Synchronization Status Message (SSM)
The 2xSTM-1 Expansion I/O module has the Synchronization Status Message (SSM)
transporting a quality identifier in compliance with ITU-T Recommendation G.781.
This quality level identifier can be used to select the highest synchronization level
incoming reference signal from a set of nominated synchronization references
available at the network element.
2.3.3
STM-1 Capabilities
2.3.3.1
Applicable standards
The two STM-1 ports are compliant to the following standards:

ITU-T: G.703, G.957, G.958, G.825, G.813, G.841
Telcordia: GR-253-CORE
2.3.3.2
E1 or VC-12 Mux/Demux
The 2xSTM-1 Expansion I/O module supports Mux/Demux of E1 signals from the
STM- 1 signals. Up to 63 E1s may be mux/demuxed from each STM-1 signal, for a
total of 126 E1s.
The 2xSTM-1 Expansion I/O module supports Mux/Demux of VC-12 signals from the
STM-1 signals. Up to 63 VC-12s may be muxed/demuxed from each STM-1 signal,
for a total of 126 VC-12s.
It is possible to configure each LP channel for VC-12 termination to allow VC-12
crossconnection and E1 add/drop.
It is possible for one STM-1 signal to be configured for pass-through operation while
the second STM-1 signal is configured for Mux/Demux operation.
Performance monitoring is performed for the entire SDH hierarchy (RS, MS, HP, LP)
as per G.826.
FT42724EN02GLA4
35
System Overview
2.3.3.3
Subnetwork Connection Protection
The 2xSTM-1 Expansion I/O module supports Subnetwork Connection Protection

(SNCP) for E1 path protection. This capability is complies with ITU-T
Recommendation G.841. Both SNC/I and SNC/N capabilities is provided, with user
configurable selection.
This mode uses the SEC for STM-1 Tx timing synchronization.
2.3.3.4
SDH 1+1 Multiplex Section Protection
The 2xSTM-1 Expansion I/O module supports SDH 1+1 Multiplex Section Protection
(1+1 MSP). This capability will provide unidirectional 1+1 protection for fiber and LIU
components. In this mode, only one STM-1 signal may be received and processed.
This capability complies with ITU-T Recommendation G.841. This mode uses the
SEC for STM-1 Tx timing synchronization.
2.4
Ethernet payload Processing
The switch block reported in Fig. 32 is a standard Ethernet switch, with two (or more)
ports connected to the front-panel and two ports connected to the Framer (one port
for each modem).
The Ethernet switch manages traffic using source and destination addresses and
forwards traffic to the appropriate ports.
The standard Ethernet switch does allow traffic forwarding between the front-panel
ports.
The characteristics of Ethernet payload processing and features strictly depend on
the equipped Master IO module type.
36
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
Controller Card Processor
Eth. Port 1
Eth. Port n
Layer 2
Ethernet
Switch
Standard Master: 16E1 + 2 FE
Modem 1
Framer
Modem 2
Spanning Tree
Enhanced Master: 16E1 + 2 FE + Mux/Demux

42E1 Master:
42E1 + 2 FE
GBE Master:
GBE Enhanced:
Master
4 FE/GBE + 1 GBE (SFP) +2E1

+ Mux/Demux
Fig. 32 Ethernet Payload Processing
FE Master/FE Master Enhanced: 2FE+16E1
GBE Master/GBE Master Enahnced Module: 5GBE+2E1
Fig. 33 Ethernet Ports
FT42724EN02GLA4
37
System Overview
2.4.1
Maximum bit rate over the air
Standard and Enhanced Master IO version 1 and version 2 characteristics

They have 2 E/FE interfaces and the maximum supported rate over the air is up to
100Mbps for each radio interface.
The max traffic rate for each Ethernet channel to the framer is defined in the modes
file.
There is the possibility to increase the payload rate up to 155Mbps by configuring the
Plus mode:
in this mode Ethernet payload rates over 100 Mbps (such as 155 Mbps) may be
achieved by utilizing both 100Base-TX front panel payload ports.
In this configuration, two Ethernet channels are provisioned in the payload frame
using internal Port-based VLAN (not accessible or configurable by the user).
A user is not permitted to use Plus modes in a 2+0 (East-West) configuration.
Plus mode available with the SVR 1.2/1.3/1.4/2.1 has these two possible maximum
rates:
Ethernet Port 1 = 55Mb and Ethernet Port 2 = 100Mb
Ethernet Port 1 = 78Mb and Ethernet Port 2 = 77Mb
Standard and Enhanced Master I/O card Max packet size is 1536 bytes.
38
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
GigE Master IO characteristics

This module has 5 Gig Ethernet ports. The maximum supported payload rate over
the air is 300Mbps for each radio interface (the 300 Mbps will be available when the
wider bandwidths will be supported; with SWR1.4 is 155Mbps).
The Enhanced Gig Ethernet Master IO module has similar characteristics. In addition
it will have a larger framer to support features such as extra large (up to 9728 byte)
Jumbo packets or Mux/DeMux (jumbo packets is supported with SWR 2.1; with
SWR1.4, maximum packet size is 1522 bytes).
42E1 Master IO characteristics
42E1 Master IO has 2 E/FE interfaces and the maximum supported rate over the air
is up to 100Mbps for each radio interface.
There is the possibility to increase the payload rate up to 155 Mbps by configuring
the Plus mode as explained for the "Standard and Enhanced IO".
in the "Plus" mode, Ethernet payload rates over 100 Mbps may be achieved by
utilizing both 100Base-TX front panel payload ports. In this configuration, two
Ethernet channels are provisioned in the payload frame using internal Port-based
VLAN (not accessible or configurable by the user).
A user is not permitted to use "Plus" modes in a 2+0 (East/West) configuration.
The maximum packet size is 2048 bytes.
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FT42724EN02GLA4
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39
System Overview
2.4.2
Port Setting
Autonegotiation is supported for each interface. It can be enabled and disabled by

the user.
When disabled the following parameters can be set by the user:
Port Speed: For Standard/Enhanced Master IO the possible values are 10 or

100Mbps. For GigE Master IO the possible values are 10, 100 or 1000Mbps.
Port Duplex: possible values are "Half" and "Full".

When enabled, the parameter values after the auto-negotiation procedure is not
available via WEB-LCT.
Flow Control is supported; it can be configured as disabled, symmetric-enable or
symmetric-and-asymmetric enabled.
Flow control is supported in both full-duplex and half-duplex. Full-Duplex is
implemented with respect for PAUSE packets as well as generation of PAUSE
packets. Half-Duplex is implemented with back-pressure.
Ingress rate-limiting per front-panel port is not supported.
The possibility to disable the Ethernet ports is not supported.
Master-Slave mode for clock is supported (in GigEth Master IO); it can be configured
as Auto, Slave or Master mode.
The possibility to Disable the Ethernet ports is not supported.
2.4.3
Learning Functionality
With the Standard2 and Enhanced2 Ethernet switch, the MAC DB can learn up to
1024 MAC Addresses, as in 42E1 Master IO Module, while both the Standard and
Enhanced version 1 and Gbe standard and enhanced allowed up to 4096 MAC
addresses in their MAC database.
It is not possible to add static entries and the MAC DB table is not available for the
user.
40
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
2.4.4
VLAN Management and Max packet size
Single and double tag VLAN management is supported from SVR 2.2 .
The Ethernet payload manipulation is performed by the Ethernet switch device
housed in the Master IO module. The VLAN Management is supported by the
following Master IO and Controllers:
Controller
Controller2
Standard2 Master IO
Enhanced2 Master IO
GigE Master IO
EnhGigE Master IO
42E1 Master IO
VLAN management cover the following functionalities:
Single Tag
Double Tag (Stag + Ctag)
Double Tag (Ctag + Ctag)
The maximum packet size depends on the module type.
Standard and Enhanced Master I/O card: Max packet size is 1536 bytes
Standard and Enhanced Master I/O version 2 and 42 E1 master I/O Max packet size
is 2048 bytes
GigE Master IO card: Max packet size is 4000 bytes.
2.4.5
Forwarding Mode
Two forwarding modes are supported:

Port based
VLAN based
WARNING
The two forwarding modes can not be enabled at the same time
2.4.5.1
Port Based Forwarding Mode
When the forwarding mode is Port Based the user can configure which ports are
connected to each other. Forwarding is allowed only among connected ports.
Fig. 34 shows an example of port connection table. x means that the port in the row
is connected to the port in the column. The connection is intended to be bidirectional.
FT42724EN02GLA4
41
System Overview
Fig. 34 Port Connection Table
The GUI interface shows a table similar to Fig. 34 where a radio button permits to
enable the connection between the ports. Fig. 35shows an example of connection
scheme and the related table to configure the shown connections.
Fig. 35 Example of Port connection configuration
42
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
2.4.6
VLAN based Forwarding Mode
When the forwarding mode is VLAN based the user configures the VLAN to be
managed and the ports that belong to each VLAN.
It shall be possible to configure up to 64 different VLANs and per each one the user
selects the ports that belong to that VLAN.
The forwarding is allowed only between the ports that belong to the same VLAN.
Fig. 36 VLAN connection Table
2.4.7
Counters, Link Monitoring
Packet monitoring is provided in the form of Ethernet switch statistics (i.e. Tx

Packets, Tx Bytes, Tx Errors, Rx Packets, Rx Bytes, Rx Errors).
2.4.8
QoS
In FlexiHybrid IDU, the priority Assignment criteria and output queue management
depends on the Master IO module type. In the following the two different
implementations are described.
2.4.8.1
QoS in GigE Master IO Module
Priority Assignment:
For each frame entering the Ethernet user interfaces (Port1, Port2, Port3, Port4 and
SFP) the following priority criteria are applied:
Port-based
802.1Q VLAN priority
DiffServ priority (DSCP)
Each criterion can be globally enabled or disabled, it is not possible to enable or
disable the criteria on per port base.
FT42724EN02GLA4
43
System Overview
When multiple priority schemes are enabled, the resolved priority for a particular
packet will be the highest available priority.
The Ethernet switch used on the GigE Master IO module provides 8 switch priority
levels (from 0-lowest to 7-highest). Each criterion can be assigned to one level (as
schematically represented in Fig. 37.
The granularity of 8 switch priorities could be used to mitigate priority conflicts
between port priorities and DiffServ priorities.
Each Switch Priority level can be associated to a Tx priority queue for the
transmission over the Radio link.
Output queues
In GigE Master IO module the Radio ports (that is the internal switch interface
connected to the Radio link) contain four independent output queues, one
corresponding to different priority level. The order the frames are transmitted out
each port depends from the scheduling mode.
The unit supports Weighted Fair Queuing (WFQ) scheduling modes with
configurable weights. Moreover the Preemption of highest priority queue is available.
It can be enabled or disabled by the user; when the Preemption is enabled the
highest priority queue is serviced until it is empty before servicing lower priority
queues.
The lower priority queues are always serviced with the WFQ scheduling mode.
44
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
Fig. 37 Priority assignment logic scheme in GigEth Master IO Module
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45
System Overview
2.4.8.2
QoS in Standard and Enhanced Master IO Modules
For each frame entering the Ethernet user interface (Port1 or Port2) the following
priority criteria are applied:
Port-based
IPv4 ToS priority (first 3 bits of the DiffServ field)
Each criterion can be Enabled or Disabled (global setting) and the user can select
which QoS criterion shall be resolved first (Priority Resolution configuration).
The configurations are the following:
1) Port based only enabled
2) 802.1Q VLAN priority enabled with priority resolution and port based enabled as
second priority (IPv4 disabled)
3) IPv4 ToS priority enabled with priority resolution and port based enabled as
second priority (802.1Q VLAN disabled)
The Ethernet switch used on the Standard and Enhanced Master IO Module provides
2 switch priority levels (0-lowest, 1-highest), corresponding to two queues (High and
Low).
Output queues
In Standard and Enhanced Master IO Module, radio port contains two independent
output queues (High and Low) as reported in Fig. 38.
46
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
Fig. 38 Priority assignment logic scheme (Standard and Enhanced Master IO Modules)
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47
System Overview
2.4.8.3
QoS in Standard and Enhanced Master IO Modules version 2 and

Standard 42 E1 Master IO Module
For each frame entering the Ethernet user interfaces (Port1, Port2) the following
priority criteria are applied:
Port-based
DiffServ priority
Each criterion can be Enabled or Disabled (global setting) with the following
constraints:
When Port-based is Enabled the other two criteria are automatically reset to
Disabled
When Port-based in Disabled the other two criteria can be Enabled or Disabled
(separately or both at the same time).
When 802.1Q and DiffServ priority are Enabled the user can select which QoS
criterion shall be resolved first (Priority Resolution configuration) between 802.1Q
VLAN and DiffServ priority.
Output queues
In 42E1 Master IO module the Radio ports (that is the internal switch interface
connected to the Radio link) contain four independent output queues, each one
corresponding to different priority level (see Fig. 39.
The order the frames are transmitted out each port depends from the scheduling
mode.
The unit supports Weighted Fair Queuing (WFQ) scheduling modes with fixed
weights 8, 4, 2, 1 (the user can not configure them). Moreover the Preemption of
highest priority queue is available.
It can be enabled or disabled by the user; when the Preemption is enabled the
highest priority queue is serviced until it is empty before servicing lower priority
queues.
48
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
Fig. 39 Priority assignment logic scheme in standard2, enhaced2 and 42xE1 Master IO Module
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49
System Overview
2.4.8.4
Ethernet QoS Summary
QoS is implemented using weighted priority queues. Incoming packets are

assigned to a priority queue based on one or more of the following criteria
Incoming Port: port based priority allows assignment to a priority queue

based upon the port the packet arrived on
802.1Q VLAN Tag Priority: packets are assigned to a priority queue
based upon the priority tag field in the VLAG TAG
IPv4 TOS: packets are assigned to a priority queue based upon the
TOS field in the IPv4 header
DiffServ: packets are assigned to a priority queue based upon the value
of the DS field of the IPv4 header (the DS field is the re-defined IPv4 TOS
field)
50
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
2.4.9
Ethernet Payload Spanning Tree
The Rapid Spanning Tree protocol for Ethernet payload is supported. It can be
Enabled or Disabled by the user and the following parameters can be configured:
Bridge Priority,
Hello Time,
Max Age
Forward Delay.
Without Spanning-Tree Protocol, Ethernet loop would be formed and packets would
flood the network as reported in Fig. 40.
LOOP!
DATA
Fig. 40 Ethernet loop
FT42724EN02GLA4
51
System Overview
With Spanning-Tree, an artificial network break is created to eliminate the Ethernet

loop.
Spanning Tree Initiated

Break
DATA
Fig. 41 Spanning Tree Network Break
52
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
In the event of a network outage, the Spanning-Tree Protocol will remove the artificial
break, restoring connectivity as shown in Fig. 42.
Spanning Tree Break

Removed
Link
Outage
DATA
Fig. 42 Spanning Tree Break removed
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53
System Overview
2.5
Master IO: Auxiliary Channels
FlexiHybrid auxiliary channels are the "Voice Order Wire" and the Data Order Wire"
The "Voice Order Wire"(VOW) provides a PTP connection via a PTT handset and
buzzer (via RJ-45). The call button on the Master I/O unit initiates a Voice Order wire
ring. Only IDU link partner will receive the ring (Point to Point mode) or all IDUs in
consecutive point network received ring (Party Line mode).
The Data Order wire meets the following requirements and specifications:
RJ-45 port connector

Asynchronous RS-232 operation:
Data rate up to 19.2 Kbps

Single ended data in/data out
Synchronous RS422 operation:
Data rate up to 64Kbps

Differential clock and data
Voice O/W
Data O/W
Modem
Framer
Fig. 43 Auxiliary Channels
54
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
2.6
Controller Module: NMS Functions
The IDU supports SNMP for network management. In particular:

SNMPv1, SNMPv2
SNMP Traps
The IDU supports remote logging of alarms and messages to a Syslog server as
specified in RFC3164.
The IDU does not support routing for NMS traffic but bridging.
Telnet server and Spanning Tree are supported for NMS interface.
NMS Port 1
SNMP Agent
Telnet
Server
Framer
CLI
Modem 1
Modem 2
Web Server
System
Monitor/Control
Logic
NMS Port 2
Layer 2
Ethernet
Switch
SSH
Server
Spanning Tree
Fig. 44 Controller Module: NMS Functions
FT42724EN02GLA4
55
System Overview
2.6.1
Controller module: Serial Alarm Port
A DB-15HD female connector on the controller unit reports the following signals:
two relay alarm outputs (rated load: 1A/24VDC) configured to simulate TTL levels
two TTL alarm outputs
four TTL alarm inputs
serial console

Serial Data
TTL Alarm Outputs x2
Form C
Relay
System
Monitor/Control
Logic
Serial/Alarm
Port
CLI
TTL Alarm Inputs x4
Form C
Relay
Fig. 45 Controller Module: Serial Alarm Port
56
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
2.7
Framer and Cross-Point Switch capability
Framer and Cross-point device are housed on Master IO modules. Consequently

Cross-point capabilities depend on Master IO module type.
The cross-point switch provides any-to-any E1 routing between the front-panel

ports, east and west RF links.
Some examples are shown in Fig. 47, Fig. 48, Fig. 49.
Up to 32 E1
Up to 32 E1
Modem East
Framer
IO
Up to 16E1
Modem West
Crosspoint
Switch
Optional IO
Up to 16E1
Fig. 46 Framer and Cross-Point Switch capability
WARNING
Cross Connections are explained in details in chapter 05.
FT42724EN02GLA4
57
System Overview
Repeater Example:
E1s may be passed through the cross-point switch between east and west.
Up to 32 E1
Up to 32 E1
Modem East
Framer
IO
Up to 16E1
Modem West
Crosspoint
Switch
Optional IO
Up to 16E1
Fig. 47 Repeater
58
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
Add/Drop Example:
E1s may be dropped from east or west to the front-panel ports.
Up to 32 E1
Up to 32 E1
Modem East
Modem West
Crosspoint
Switch
Framer
Optional IO
IO
Up to 16E1
Up to 16E1
Fig. 48 Add-Drop
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59
System Overview
STM-1 MUX/Demux Capability:
The IDU STM-1 Mux/Demux provides capability to demultiplex 63xE1 PDH signals
from the SDH signal.
The demultiplexed E1s are routed via the crosspoint switch to east, west, or frontpanel.
Enhanced IO Module is required for this function.
Up to 64 E1
Up to 64 E1
Modem East
Framer
Up to 32 E1
Modem West
Crosspoint
Switch
Up to 63 E1
STM-1 Mux/
Demux
Optional IO
IO
Mini IO
Up to 16E1
STM-1
Up to 16E1
Fig. 49 STM-1 Mux/DEmux Capability
60
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
2.7.1
E1 Modem and E1 IO side
The number of E1 on IO side is completely independent from number of E1 modem

side. For example, it is possible to configure 63E1 for each modem with an IO
module that can manage only 16E1.
Modem East
Modem West
63 E1
63 E1
E1 pass through
(max 63)
Cross-point Switch
E1 add-dropped
(max 16)
16 E1
IO
Fig. 50 E1 Modem and IO side
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61
System Overview
2.8
Modulations and channel bandwidth
Modulations supported by modem are:
4QAM,
16QAM,
32QAM,
64QAM,
128QAM.
Supported channel bandwidths:

7MHz 14MHz 28 MHz 56 MHz
Roll Off = 0.15 for all modulations and channel bandwidths
NOTE
7 and 56 MHz bandwidth are not available with SVR 1.1/1.2/1.3/1.4
56 MHz is not available with SVR. 2.1/3.0
62
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
Outdoor Unit
FT42724EN02GLA4
63
System Overview
3.1
HC AP/CC Outdoor Unit
Microwave section is composed by a Receiving and a Transmitting chain.

The first one is responsible to receive the signal coming from the antenna through the
duplexer, to amplify it, introducing a low noise degradation and to convert the
amplified signal by means of a mixer to the IF frequency.
The second chain works in the opposite way: it converts the IF signal to the
microwave desired frequency with the proper power level.
ODU approach is based on two cards:
"Main board", which integrates the IF unit, the microprocessor and the Microwave
circuits.
"Power Supply" board, which houses the power supply function.
Fig. 51 AP/CC ODU "Main Board" simplified block diagram
64
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
Fig. 52 AP/CCODU Connectors
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FT42724EN02GLA4
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65
System Overview
Fig. 53 AP/CC F Odu Connectors
66
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
3.2
HC AP Odu
Fig. 54
FT42724EN02GLA4
67
System Overview
3.3
IDU ODU Cable
Connection between IDU and ODU is realized with a single coaxial cable
The signal transported on the cable is an aggregate signal including the main signal,
the supervision and the DC voltage to the ODU remote power supply.
Max. IDU/ODU distance:
HC AP/CC ODU and HC AP/CC F

100 m (with 3/10 50 ohm coax. cable)
HC AP ODU
80 m (with 3/10 50 ohm coax. cable)
For installations that require cable longer than 100 m a 1/4 cable can be used.
The max cable lengths are as follows:
ODU HC AP/CC and HC AP/CC F: max 160 m

ODU HC AP: max 110 m
Since the new Unified Modem is used from SVR 3.0, longer CNT-300 cable is
supported.
Fig. 55
68
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
4
4.1
System Configurations
Available configurations
Fig. 56 Equipment composition
Note 1: The waveguide connection between ODU and antenna can be flexible or elliptical type.
Note 2: The coupler can be balanced or unbalanced.
Note 3: To interface the E1 tributaries between the FlexiHybrid and the station equipment are available
the patch panels to be installed in the same ETSI rack.
Fig. 57 FlexiHybrid SVR 3.1 available configurations
FT42724EN02GLA4
69
System Overview
4.2
1+0 (Single Unprotected Terminal)
1+0 unprotected radio is reported in Fig. 58.

System with integrated antenna is shown in Fig. 59.
System with independent antenna connected via flexible waveguide is shown in Fig.
60.
Supporting frame is reported in Fig. 61.
WARNING
Independent antenna can be connected also using elliptical waveguide.
TIP
See the installation training manual for details.
Fig. 58 1+0 unprotected radio
70
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
Fig. 59 1+0 with integrated antenna
FT42724EN02GLA4
71
System Overview
Fig. 60 1+0 with independent antenna
72
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
Fig. 61 1+0 supporting frame
FT42724EN02GLA4
73
System Overview
74
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
4.3
Protected terminal
A protected terminal consists of:
Two ODUs
One or two antennas
One IDU
One coaxial cable for each IDU-ODU interconnection.
Following options are available for protected configuration:
Protected non Diversity or Hot Stand-by

Protected Diversity or Frequency Diversity
Spatial Diversity or Space diversity
One modem is referred to as the west modem and the other as the east modem.
In 1+1 mode, the east and west modems are run in parallel. The receive data from
both modems is constantly compared, and the highest-quality data is used. The RF
transmitters may be configured for Diversity or Non-Diversity operation.
Diversity: In a diversity mode, the FlexiHybrid transmits continuously from both
attached ODUs. The ODUs have to be set to different frequencies (Frequency
Diversity), connected to one or two antennas (Spatial Diversity).
It's also possible to connect the ODUS to a Dual Polarization Antenna (Polarization
Diversity).
Non-Diversity: In non-diversity mode, only one ODU is transmitting at any given
time. This term is generally interchangeable with Hot Standby (HSB).
Receive Performance:
In the receive direction, FlexiHybrid constantly compares the data streams coming in,
allowing it to hitless switch between the two channels.
Diversity Transmit Performance: In diversity mode, both transmitters are operating
in parallel. In that case, an ODU or cable failure on one side of the link will not cause
any bit errors in the data traveling over the link.
FT42724EN02GLA4
75
System Overview
Non-Diversity Transmit Performance:

In non-diversity mode, there are always bit errors that occur as one ODU shuts down
and the stand-by ODU begins transmitting. Depending on the configuration of the
IDU, and the nature of the failure, the link outage times can be minimized. There are
five conditions that will cause the IDU to switch transmitters:
ODU Alarm
Loss of Receive Signal
ODU Communications Failure
Far-End Receive Failure
Operator Requested Switch
Operator Requested Switch: The operator can request a switch, for maintenance or
testing purposes. The switch can be requested from either the GUI, or via SNMP.
Other 1+1 Parameters: FlexiHybrid has a few other parameters that can be set to
customize the operation in 1+1 mode:
Power Down ODU After Switch: After a protection switch in non-diversity mode, the
radio can either leave the ODU powered up, but muted and in stand-by, or turn power
off to the ODU.
Preferred ODU: FlexiHybrid can select either the east or west modem to be the
preferred ODU at boot (or after reset). This is valuable in systems with an asymmetric
power coupler, where the two ODUs may not exhibit the same performance.
Coupler Loss: FlexiHybrid can automatically compensate for asymmetric coupler
loss, in order to keep the output power constant when switching ODUs.
TX ODU
On Line
TX ODU
STANBY
TX ODU
STANBY
TX ODU
On Line
Fig. 62 Protected non Diversity (Hot Standby) with 2 antennas
76
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
ODU
STANBY
ODU On
Line
ODU
STANBY
ODU On
Line
Fig. 63 Protected non Diversity (Hot Standby) with 1 antenna
ODU
On Line
ODU
On Line
ODU
On Line
ODU
On Line
Fig. 64 Protected Diversity (Frequency Diversity) with 2 antennas
ODU
On Line
ODU
On Line
ODU
On Line
ODU
On Line
Fig. 65 Protected Diversity (Frequency Diversity) with 1 antenna
FT42724EN02GLA4
77
System Overview
Fig. 66 shows a 1+1 Hot standby with integrated antenna.

Fig. 67 shows a system with independent antenna with flexible waveguide.
Supporting frame is available with balance (3db) or unbalance coupler (10db).
Fig. 70 and Fig. 71 show balanced and unbalance supporting frame simply block
diagrams.
Fig. 68 shows a 1+1 system with dual polarization antenna.
Fig. 69 reports a 1+1 system spatial diversity.
WARNING
Independent antenna can be connected also using elliptical waveguide.
TIP
See the installation training manual for details.
78
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
Fig. 66 1+1 Hot standby with integrated antenna
FT42724EN02GLA4
79
System Overview
Fig. 67 1+1 Hot standby with independent antenna
80
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
Fig. 68 1+1 system with dual polarization
FT42724EN02GLA4
81
System Overview
Fig. 69 1+1 SD with two separated antennas
82
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
Fig. 70 1+1 Balanced supporting frame
Fig. 71 1+1 Unbalanced supporting frame
FT42724EN02GLA4
83
System Overview
4.4
2+0 Systems
2+0 operations are supported: 2 independent Radio directions can be managed.

When East/West configuration is selected it is possible to configure the E1 payload in
Repeater mode or Add-Drop.
Up to the SW version 3.0 is also supported the Ring Protection for E1/T1.
From the SW Version 3.1 SU1 is supported the SNCP like Protection and with the
expansion 2XSTM1 the Standard SNCP protection.
4.4.1
Ring
RING system type is characterized by two different radio directions and it employs
two ODUs.
Ring configuration creates a self-healing redundancy that is more reliable than
traditional point-to-point networks.
Protection consists of two paths through the ring, the Active path (blue) and the
Stand-by path (red) as reported in Fig. 72.
In the event of an outage, traffic is automatically rerouted from the Active to the
Stand-by path on either side of the outage, thus recovering service interruption.
Ring configuration can be used to protect E1 circuits. It is possible to use the STM-1
Mux/Demux option with an E1 Protected Ring configuration.
When an IDU participating in the ring is configured with an Enhanced Master IO
module, the crosspoint switch can map ring timeslots to STM-1 tributaries and/or
front-panel port.
WARNING
As for Ethernet payload, to support Ring configuration STP must be enabled.
84
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
Active path
Protecting
path
Fig. 72 Protected Ring
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FT42724EN02GLA4
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85
System Overview
86
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
4.4.1.1
Ring Protection
Since the data are flowing in the active ring, the protection ring is idle.
If one of the links goes down, however, the protection ring comes into service.
The FlexiHybrid on the east side of the link damaged automatically switches the data
from the east modem to the west modem.
The data then circulates around the ring until it reaches the other side of the break,
where the equipment patches the data back in, restoring the ring as in Fig. 73.
Fig. 73 Ring protection
FT42724EN02GLA4
87
System Overview
4.4.1.2
Ring protection main parameters
Switching Time
The E1/T1 outage time, or switching time, for an individual E1/T1 channel is
dependent on link configuration. Typical switching time for an individual E1/T1
channel is 50 ms or less.
Switching Criteria
In Protected RING configuration, the protection gets enable only for breakdown or
heavy anomaly (as DEM unlock) and not for error rate.
Protected Ring Size
The FlexiHybrid E1/T1 Protected Ring architecture supports a minimum of three
nodes and a maximum of 16 nodes on the ring.
Protected Ring E1/T1 Channels
The FlexiHybrid E1/T1 Protected Ring architecture, supports a minimum of one
E1/T1 channel and a maximum of 64 E1 channels and 84 T1 channels, subject to
overall IDU data rate limitations.
Revertive Switching
The FlexiHybrid supports two methods of reverting to active path once a link fault is
cleared:
1. Automatic Reverting: After the link fault has been cleared, for the user specified
time (1- 255 s), the FlexiHybrid radio automatically un-switch data from the
protected path on both sides of the link where the fault was previously present.
2. Manual Reverting: After a link fault, the FlexiHybrid radio will remain in the
protection state until the link fault has cleared and the operator issues a
command to allow the link to revert.
88
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
4.4.2
"SNCP LIKE" Protection
This new feature is introduced from SVR3.1

Requirements
Hardware
Module P/N
Description
FPGA
612-315/37
Standard Master IO Module
4101_ST03.03.xx
612-315/39
Enhanced Master IO Module
4121_ST03.03.xx
612-315/03
42 Channel T1/E1 Master IO

Module
4142_ST03.03.xx
FOR FLEXIHYBRID EQUIPPED WITH MODULE THAT DOESN'T SUPORT SNCP

LIKE CAPABILITIES PLEASECONSIDER THE STANDARD PDH RING
PROTECTION CHAPTER 4.4.1
SNCP-like adds and manages a redundant (protected) data path to allow continued
data connectivity in the event of the primary (working) data path suffering an outage.
Failover from the working path to the protected path will take less than 50 ms. Fig.
74 illustrates a simple diagram of how the STM-1 and RF interfaces on three
FlexiHybrids can be connected utilize this feature.
In this example, E1 traffic from the 2+0 unit is replicated and sent to both 1+0 units.
Each 1+0 unit allows traffic intended for the other 1+0 unit to pass through. This
creates two unique paths for E1 traffic from the 2+0 unit to each of the 1+0 units.
When the E1 traffic on one of the two paths fails, the receiving unit selects the other
path.
By extending this approach of connecting one node to another, additional nodes may
be added to create larger ring or mesh structures.
FT42724EN02GLA4
89
System Overview
Fig. 74 Connecting multiple FLEXIHYBRIDs as a protected ring.
Configuration of SNCP-like requires the user to designate paired working and

protection channels. A channel from any E1 source may be protected, and the
working and protection channels can be composed of any two other E1 channels.
The following sources of E1 traffic can be used in a SNCP-Like protected
configuration:
E1 STM-1 sub-channels demuxed from STM-1 data streams using the Add-Drop
Mux (ADM) cores available on the variants of the 2xSTM-1 Module (612-315/43 or
612-315/44 FUTURE RELEASE 3.1 SU1).
E1 STM-1 sub-channels demuxed from the enhanced Master IO Module (612315/39 w/ 612-315/25 or 612-315/20).
E1 channels transmitted over the East or West RF links.

E1 channels sourced at the front panel interface of the Master IO Modules (612315/37, 612-315/39, or 612-315/03)
E1 channels sourced at the front panel interface of the Expansion IO Modules

(612-315/05 or 612-315/06)
WARNING
Mini IO modules (612-315/25 and 612-315/20) do not support SNCP-Like feature.
90
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
4.4.2.1
NETWORK OBJECTIVES
Switch time: As fast as possible, less than 50ms.

All the SNCP-like protection shall be switched within 50ms even if all required
protection groups are trigged simultaneously.
Hold-off times: Hold-off times are useful for interworking of protection schemes.
These times shall be provisionable on an individual traffic basis. A hold-off timer is
started when a defect condition is declared and runs for a non resettable period
which is provisionable from 0 to 10s in steps of 100ms. When the timer expires,
protection switching is initiated if a defect condition is still present at this point.
Only non-revertive switching shall be supported.
The following externally initiated commands shall be supported. (All commands apply
to only non-revertive mode.)
Clear
Lockout of Protection (LP)
Forced Switch to Protection (FS-P)
Forced Switch to Working (FS-W)
Manual Switch to Protection (MS-P)
Manual Switch to Working (MS-W)
4.4.2.2
SWITCH INITIATION CRITERIA
The priority of local requests (i.e. automatically initiated command, state, or externally
initiated command) is given inFig. 75.
Fig. 75 Priority of local requests
FT42724EN02GLA4
91
System Overview
4.4.2.3
PROTECTION ALGORITHM OPERATION
The normal traffic signal is permanently bridged to working and protection.

The selector is controlled by the highest priority local condition. If a condition of equal
priority exists on both working and protection channels, switching shall not be
performed. For automatically initiated commands, the protection switch completion
shall operate as fast as possible, but must be within 50ms if there is only one SNCPlike instance at the same time.
Protection switch completion time excludes the detection time and hold-off time.
In the non-revertive mode, when the failed SNC is no longer in an SF condition, and
no other externally initiated commands are present, a No Request state is entered.
During this state, switching does not occur.
4.4.2.4
SNCP-LIKE SWITCH CONDITIONS
The SNCP-like fabric only switches on detection of an AIS condition within E1

stream. The SDIDU will detect certain SDH level defects, and use them to create a
PDH level AIS condition on the affected channels. The lists of defects which will
cause a switch are the same for the 2xSTM-1 and the STM-1 Mini IO module:
LOS
LOF
MS-AIS
HP-LOP
HP-AIS
LP-AIS
TU-AIS
4.4.2.5
ALARM TRANSLATION FOR SNCP-LIKE
For the devices located at the border of PDH and SDH, alarm translation is required.
To the traffic from PDH to SDH, the device should generate TU-AIS for SDH traffic if
there is E1-AIS in PDH traffic; To the traffic from SDH to PDH, the device should
generate E1-AIS for PDH traffic if there is TU-AIS in SDH traffic. More details refer to
the following scenarios.
4.4.2.6
TU-AIS generation
The FlexiHybrid devices interoperate with other SDH NEs in a ring as shown in Fig.
76, and Device A and D are located at the border of PDH and SDH. Some E1s are
uploaded at device C and dropped at device F. If there is link error between device B
and C, these E1 traffic from device C to A are carried with E1-AIS. The device A
should generate TU-AIS for these E1 traffic, so the device F can switch correctly to
the direction from device C to D based on these generated TU-AIS.
92
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System Overview
Fig. 76 TU-AIS alarm
4.4.2.7
E1-AIS generation
The FlexiHybrid devices interoperate with other SDH NEs in a ring as shown in
Figure, and Device A and D are located at the border of PDH and SDH. Some E1s
are uploaded at device F and dropped at device B. If there is link error between
device E and F, these E1 traffic from device F to D are carried with TU-AIS. The
device D should generate E1-AIS for these E1 traffic, so the device B can switch
correctly to the direction from device G to A based on these generated E1-AIS.
The same action is required if the SDH traffic contains LOS, LOF, MS-AIS, HP-LOP,
HP-AIS, LP-AIS.
Fig. 77 E1-AIS alarm
FT42724EN02GLA4
93
System Overview
4.4.3
4.4.4 East/East System Type
From SW 3.1 is also available an EAST, EAST configuration that give the possibility
to transport in a transparent way 2XSTM1 in a Link AP (Alternate Pattern).
4.4.4
East/East System Type with Gigabit IO equipped
East/East 2+0 same destination operations are supported:

2 ODUs are present and they point the same direction on different channels.
The purpose of this configuration is to increase the Ethernet capacity by applying the
load-balancing of traffic on the two links.
Load balancing is performed on the basis of MAC address value. Therefore the
utilization of full capacity depends on the traffic: a large number of different MAC
addresses ensure the real capacity utilization. On the other hand, if the MAC
addresses are few only one link will be loaded.
Fig. 78 Ethernet Processing in East/East configuration
94
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
Fig. 79 2+0 system with integrated antenna
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95
System Overview
96
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System Overview
Cross Connections up to SW 3.0
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97
System Overview
5.1
Introduction
Cross-connection matrix capability is "any to any":

E1 configured over the radio interface can be connected to any E1 of the other radio
interface or to any E1 of the front panel; moreover an E1 of the front panel can be
connected to any E1 radio side or to another E1 of the front panel.
In addition, when the Enhanced Master IO is equipped there is the possibility to
add/drop any E1 in the STM1 TUG3-VC12 structure.
In this section the "Termination Point" (TP) name will be used to identify each
possible time slot logically managed by the Cross-connection matrix.
A Cross-connection is defined by the list of the TP that are connected and by the type
of cross-connection.
5.2
Termination Points Identification
Fig. 80 shows the physical position of the payload interfaces. There are at most two
radio ports:
the East side, associated to the modem in the lower slot

the West side, associated to the modem in the upper slot.
The West port is present only in East/West configurations (2+0).
Payload interfaces line side is housed on the front panel of three different modules
that can be equipped:
the Master IO slot,

the Mini IO slot and the
the Expansion slot.
On the base of the type of module equipped the number and type of the interface
connectors are different.
Fig. 81 shows the logical scheme associated to the physical view that can be used to
understand and manage the cross-connections.
The TPs of the three side of the cross-connection matrix are identified with a Prefix
and a Number:
<Prefix><Number>
The prefixes contain the information of the matrix side and the cross-connection type
while the number identifies the time slot or the connectors.
Fig. 81 summarizes the logical view of the cross connection matrix associated to the
physical one and Fig. 82details the syntax used to identify all possible TPs.
98
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
Fig. 80 Physical location of E1 TP
Fig. 81 TP name and associated Prefix
FT42724EN02GLA4
99
System Overview
Fig. 82 TP identification and Prefix Syntax
100
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
General Notes about Range and TP availability

The number of the E1 present on the Radio side depends on the number of E1
present in the configured mode (the mode is independent for each modem).
Generally speaking the maximum hardware capability is 64 E1.
Anyway, in SVR 1.2 the maximum number of E1 is 63 E1
The number of MA and EX depends on the Master IO module and Expansion module
equipped.
For the modules supported in SVR 1.2 the number of E1 interfaces and consequently
the range to be used in the syntax is listed in Fig. 83.
Fig. 83 Module interfaces
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101
System Overview
5.3
Bidirectional Connections
Bidirectional cross-connection is defined by specifying the couple of TP that shall be

connected.
Fig. 84 Standard Cross connection with related syntax
Examples of Cross Connections

MA1, W3 = the E1#1 present on the Master IO module is connected to the E1
timeslot #3 of the West side
E6, W45 = the timeslot of E1#6 East side is connected to the E1 timeslot #3 of the
West side
EX3, MA2 = the E1#3 present on the Expansion module is connected to the E1#2 of
the Master IO module
ST221,W7 = E1 timeslot #7 west side is add/dropped to/from the VC12#221 of the
STM1
102
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
5.4
Ring Cross Connections
WARNING
This chapter is valid up to SW3.0 or with master unit with no SNCP like
capability
Ring cross connections are used to set up protected E1 paths within a ring topology
network.
At IDU level the Ring configuration consists in routing all the incoming E1 to be
protected to the West side and use the opposite direction as protection path (see Fig.
85).
When a link failure occurs, the two NEs of the link detects the RX failure the NEs
start feeding the Rx failed signal with the signal incoming from the other path as
shown in Fig. 86.
Fig. 85 Normal E1 data path within the IDU
FT42724EN02GLA4
103
System Overview
Fig. 86 Protected E1 data path within the IDU
104
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
The syntax used to configure the ring cross-connection has a dedicated prefix radio
side (see Fig. 87):
radio side TPs are identified with the "R" letter. The differentiation of East and
West is not required because East and West assume the fixed role of Active and
Protection.
The syntax for line side TPs still remain the same.
The possible cross-connections are:
Drop from line side (to extract/insert the E1 in the protection ring)
Pass-through (to route the protected path towards the ring).
WARNING
Ring cross-connection can not be mixed with non-Ring cross connections;
if one cross-connection is set up as Ring all the others shall be ring too.
Fig. 87 Ring Cross connection with related syntax
FT42724EN02GLA4
105
System Overview
5.5
5.5.1
CROSS- CONNECTION FROM SW 3.1

New termination point with 2XSTM1 EXP. Unit
More than the cross connection explained in the previous chapter,

is now possible to have any new application.
When the 2XSTM1 module is equipped we are going to have two new termination
port:
Expansion I/O Module front panel ports

Letter pair and number: letter pair EX indicating that the port is an Expansion I/O
Module front panel port and followed by the port number.
Valid front panel ports:
EX1 - Expansion I/O STM-1 I/F 1
EX2 - Expansion I/O STM-1 I/F 2
EX1
EX2
Fig. 88
5.5.2
STM-1 Capability Summary
The STM-1 capabilities for the different configurations are shown below in the
following figure.
106
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
Fig. 89
Table 51 below shows the STM-1 Pass-Through capabilities and the STM-1
Mux/Demux capabilities for the different configurations. All the configurations shown
support at least one-channel STM-1 Pass-Through. The number of Mux/Demux
components indicates the number of STM-1 signals that may be terminated and the
component E1/T1s Mux/Demuxed. The STM-1 Rings column indicates the Add-Drop
Mux capability.
Fig. 90
FT42724EN02GLA4
107
System Overview
5.5.3
STM1 Channel Mapping
5.5.3.1
STM1 Pass-Through Configurations with Mini I/O Module
MA1,E1 connect the port STM1 to the East Radio link Direction
MA1;W1 connect the port STM1 to the West Radio Link Direction
5.5.3.2
STM1 Pass-Through Configurations with 2XSTM1 EXP Module
EX1,E1
EX1,W1
EX2,E1
EX2,W1
where EX1 AND EX2 are the 2 Physical port,
E1 and W1 are the 2 possible Radio Link directions.
5.5.3.3
Mux Demux configuration
If we need to connect to a MUX-DEMUX Block, (master enhanced unit ore 2XSTM1

EXP unit) an STM1 from a termination point is necessary to configure the related
Channel Mapping.
MA1, ST
in case of Mini I/O STM1 module connected to the ADM block in the Master
Enhanced unit
EX1, EXx
EX2,EXx
Where x can be A ore B ( the 2 ADM block inside the2 X STM1 unit).
In order to Drop/Insert vc12 from the STM1 we have to use:
STKLM for ST Mux /Demux Block

EXAKLM for EXA ADM Block
EXBKLM forEXB ADM Block
K13 L17 M 13
5.6
Classic SNCP and SNCP-Like Cross-Connections
Since SVR. 3.1 in case of SNCP LIKE PROTECTION, the cross-connection

necessary to configure the protection will be :
Working Path:Protection Path, Source termination Point
for Example:
EXA111:EXB111,MA1
E1:EXA111,MA2
108
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
Loopbacks
FT42724EN02GLA4
109
System Overview
6.1
Introduction
IDU provides system loopbacks as a means to test and to verify the link and/or the
network.
Loopbacks are available at different levels and they are selectable from different
software position.
WARNING
In these chapter will be reported some Web Interface Windows that will be
explained in details later on in other chapters.
6.2
Loopback from the "Analysis" menu
The following 3 loop-backs are available from the "Analysis" menu as reported in
Fig. 91:
Local Line Interface Unit

Local Modem
Remote Line Interface Unit
In Fig. 93 the three loopbacks are reported.
For each loopback, it will be possible to set the duration as reported in Fig. 92
WARNING
These loopbacks are applied on all tributaries. It's not possible to put in loop a
single tributary.
110
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
Fig. 91 Loopbacks from the "Analysis" menu
Fig. 92 Loopback duration
FT42724EN02GLA4
111
System Overview
Trib
Trib
Trib
Trib
Trib
Trib
Fig. 93 block diagram about the Loopbacks from the Analysis menu
112
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6.2.1
Local Line Interface Unit loop-back
The tributary signals can be looped back at Line Interface Unit (LIU) level.
Loopback LIU types are E1 and (or) STM-1 level (both are selectable simultaneously)
as shown in Fig. 94.
This type of loop-back when activated, allows testing the integrity of the circuitry
related to line interface access.
STM-1 Connector
E1 P1
E1 P16
Line
InterfaceUni
t
Mux/
Demux
LIU
LIU
Modem 1
Framer
Modem 2
Cross-point
Switch
Line
InterfaceUni
t
STM-1 Port
Fig. 94 Local Line Interface Unit Loop-back
FT42724EN02GLA4
113
System Overview
6.2.2
Local Modem loop-back
The tributary signal can be looped back at MODEM level. This type of loop-back
when activated allows testing the integrity of the circuitry related to line interface
access.
The loopback duration is selectable.
STM-1 Connector
E1 P1
E1 P16
Line
InterfaceUni
t
Cross-point
Switch
Modem 1
Framer
Modem 2
Mux/
Demux
Line
InterfaceUni
t
STM-1 Port
Fig. 95 Local Modem Loopback
WARNING
Modem loop-back doesn't put in loop the Ethernet Traffic
114
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6.2.3
Remote Line Interface Unit loop-back
The tributary streams can be looped back to the remote station, just before the output
interface.
Loopback LIU types are at E1 and (or) STM-1 level (both are selectable
simultaneously) as shown in Fig. 96.
This type of loop-back when activated, allows testing connection integrity between
two terminals, with the only exception of the physical output drivers of the remote
terminal.
WARNING
Considering a radio link formed by "site A" and "site B", applying the remote
loopback command on radio "site A" loopback will be executed on the remote
radio link "site B".
STM-1 Connector
E1 P1
E1 P16
LIU
Line
InterfaceUni
t
Mux/
Demux
LIU
Modem 1
Framer
Modem 2
Cross-point
Switch
Line
InterfaceUni
t
STM-1 Port
Fig. 96 Remote Line Interface Unit Loopbacks
FT42724EN02GLA4
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System Overview
6.3
E1/T1 Loopback from the Data Link menu
These loopbacks are available from the "Data Link" menu as shown in
Fig. 97 and are executed inside the E1/T1 Port Blocks.
WARNING
These loopbacks are available for the single tributary.
Two types of loopback are selectable as represented in Fig. 98:
Near or
Far
WARNING
If we apply the "Far" loopback on radio "site A", loopback will be executed on
the radio "site A" and the signal coming from the remote radio link "site B" will
be looped back to the "site B" radio.
116
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
Fig. 97 Loopback from the Data Link menu
16xE1 Connectors (Standard IO shown)

Near
Far
E1/T1 Port 1
E1/T1 Port n
Line
Interface
Unit
Cross-point
Switch
Standa
GigaE
42 x E
Modem 1
Modem 2
Framer
Fig. 98 Loopbacks inside the E1/T1 Port Block
FT42724EN02GLA4
117
System Overview
6.4
STM-1 Mini IO Loopback from the Data Link Menu
STM-1 Mini IO Loopbacks are available from the Data link Menu when configuring
the Mode Files in order to support the STM1 signal.
Two loopbacks are available as reported in Fig. 99 and in Fig. 100:
Local
remote
With the Local Loopback, STM signal at the input of the STM Mini I/O unit will be
looped back to the unit output.
With the Remote Loopback, the STM1 received from the remote station, will be
looped back to the remote station.
Fig. 99 STM Mini IO Loopback .
118
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
STM-1 Connector
E1 P1
Line
InterfaceUn
it
E1 P16
Cross-point
Switch
Mux/
Demux
Modem 1
Line
InterfaceUn
it
Framer
Modem 2
Local
STM-1 Port
Remote
Fig. 100 Loopbacks inside the STM-1 Mini IO
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119
System Overview
120
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
TMN management
FT42724EN02GLA4
121
System Overview
7.1
IDU and Network Management
All of the IDU parameters are accessible in three ways:

1. Using a standard web-browser via HTTP to access the built in web server.
2. Via SNMP using the fully featured MIB, allowing for automation of data collection
and network management.
3. Via a command line client accessible from a terminal client connected to the
serial port or telnet over the NMS Ethernet.
The GUI (HTTP), SNMP, and CLI interfaces will be discussed in detail in dedicated
chapters in this Training Manual.
7.2
IP Address
Each IDU is configured independently for network parameters such as IP address,

subnet, and gateway. However, the IDU also supports acting as a DHCP client, in
which case the IP address can be assigned to the IDU using a DHCP server. A
specific IP address may be associated with a particular IDU by configuring the DHCP
server to serve IP addresses based upon the IDU Ethernet MAC address.
7.3
Network
The IDU uses an Out-of-Band NMS network which is separated from the payload
Ethernet network. Each IDU contains a managed Layer 2 Ethernet switch that
supports Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) for managing NMS traffic. This allows the
IDU to be configured in a protected ring configuration where the STP will prevent an
Ethernet loop in the ring. This will also allow the ring to re-configure in the event of an
outage. The IDU acts as a network bridge via the Ethernet switch and STP. The IDU
does not currently support NMS routing capability.
From SVR 1.1 FlexiHybrid is integrated in NetViewer with screen-integration and
summarized fault monitoring (severity status). The same NetViewer plug-in version
supports also the SVR 1.0.
All configurations and other features are managed by activating the WEB-LCT that
can be launched from NetViewer interface.
For the FTP file transfer an external FTP application shall be used (it is not possible
to activate an FTP session directly from NetViewer).
122
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
7.4
TMN Interworking
The IDU does not provide routing capability. Therefore, all IDUs must be on the same
subnet as the PC being used to access the IDU. If the IDUs and/or the PC are on
different subnets, a router must be used, with the gateway addresses set
appropriately.
Fig. 101 shows the PC and both IDUs of a radio link in the same subnet.
In this case, no router is required.
Fig. 102 shows the PC and one of the IDUs in one subnet and the other IDU in a
different subnet. In this case, a router is required.
Note how the GW addresses are set to allow communication from the PC to the IDU
in the other subnet.
192.168.1.21/24
192.168.1.22/24
192.168.1.10/24
SWITCH
Subnet
192.168.1.0
Fig. 101 PC and IDUs on same subnet
FT42724EN02GLA4
123
System Overview
192.168.1.21/24
GW 192.168.1.1
192.168.2.33/24
GW 192.168.2.1
192.168.1.1/24
192.168.2.1/24
SWITCH
192.168.1.10/24
Subnet
192.168.2.0
GW 192.168.1.1
Subnet
192.168.1.0
Fig. 102 PC and IDU on different subnet
124
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
8
8.1
License Fee
License Levels
From SVR 1.1 the License Fee management has been introduced. The management
implies the differentiation of IDU HW codes on the base of the loaded license level.
There are 6 different License levels identified by the following suffixes: L1, L2, L3, L4,
L5 and L6.
Chassis contains in its backplane an EEPROM device which stores also the License
Fee information.
Fig. 103 License Levels
Fig. 104 License Levels
FT42724EN02GLA4
125
System Overview
8.2
License Fee Upgrading
To upgrade the license fee send the IDU serial number to NSN.
NSN will send back an Authorization Code which must be inserted by the LCT in the
relevant menu (Link Configuration --> Authorization).
126
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
8.3
Modes Files
License Level gives the possibility to support Mode Files.

Mode files give the association among Modulation, Signal Bandwidth, Payload.
In other words, IDU management interface does not permit to configure modem
parameters separately from payload combination. The configuration of the selected
payload pattern (number of E1s, number of STM1, Ethernet bit rate) and related
modem parameters (modulation and bandwidth) are contained in a file called Modes
file; each row of this file contains a specified pattern of modulation, bandwidth and
type of payload.
See Fig. 105 and Fig. 106 for the complete Mode file list about the SVR 1.1/1.2
where:
RowID: It is the ID assigned to the row and it univocally identifies the mode (License
masking is based on this number and link configuration negotiates this number).
Mode Name: It is the name of the mode displayed by Web LCT in the choice list
according to the following form:
< Bandwidth >. < Modulation>-< number of E1>e< Eth Mbps >M< number of
STM1 >s
Where:
<bandwidth>= Bandwidth value in MHz
<modulation> = Modulation levels, 4 for QPSK, 16 for 16QAM, Etc
e = short notation for E1
M = short notation for Mbps
s = short notation for STM1
Examples:
28.128-8e128M = 28MHz bandwidth,128QAM that transports 8E1 and 128Mbps of
Ethernet payload
56.128-16e100M1s = 56MHz bandwidth, 128QAM that transports 16E1, 100Mbps of
Ethernet and 1 STM1.
FT42724EN02GLA4
127
System Overview
There is one exception:

the PLUS modes are named by inserting Plus after modulation.
The Plus tag is followed by the Mbps configured for Port1 and Port2 respectively:
<bandwidth>.<modulation>-P<Eth Mbps for Port1>-< Eth Mbps for Port2>M
Modes with more than 100Mbps of Ethernet payload require the GigE Master IO
module except for Plus modes that can transport more than 100Mbps with a
Standard/Enhanced Master IO.
For Standard or Enhanced Master IO modules, the limitation of Ethernet payload is
100Mbps for each radio.
Each radio is connected to the Ethernet switch as is each front-panel port.
Each Ethernet switch port is capable of 100Mbps. Therefore, from the switch to the
West radio is 100Mbps, from the switch to the East radio is 100Mbps, and from the
switch to each front-panel port is 100Mbps.
Plus modes are supported:
In 1+0 and 1+1 configuration (they are not supported in 2+0)

by Standard Master IO module and Enhanced Master IO module.
by GigE Master IO module.
by 42xE1 IO
WARNING
In the Gigabit IO Unit, Front panel ports 1&2 become one group and ports 3&4
become the second group. The SFP port can be associated to one of the
groups.
128
FT42724EN02GLA4
System Overview
Fig. 105 The SVR 3.1 supported modes
FT42724EN02GLA4
129
System Overview
Fig. 106
130
FT42724EN02GLA4

04 FT42724EN02GLA4 System Overview

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System Overview

IDU Modular Assembly

Loopback from the "Analysis" menu

IDU Modular Assembly

Hardware and Functionality

Master I/O Module

Second Modem (7, 14, 28, 56 MHz)

Fig. 1 Modular Indoor Unit

Performed Logical function

IDU programming and supervision

Process User Payload

Provide additional payload

Note that Framer/Crosspoint Switch is housed on

QPSK, 4QAM, 16QAM, 32QAM,

Bandwidths: from 7MHz to

No mechanical switch for

A list about the IDU Modules is reported below.

2xSTM-1 Expansion unit (optical or electrical): this unit is installed in the

MASTER I/O MODULE

4 GBE/FE + 1 GBE (SFP) +2E1

4 FE/GBE + 1 GBE (SFP) +2E1

Fig. 3 Master I/O Modules

2XSTM-1 el. or opt

I/O Expansion Modules

I/O Exp. Mod.

STM-1 I/O Mini Module

Fig. 4 Expansion Modules

Indoor Unit Block Diagram

Fig. 5 shows the FlexiHybrid Indoor Unit simplified Block Diagram.

Fig. 5 IDU Simplified Block Diagram

Standard PDH Configuration (16E1+2FE)

Fig. 6 Standard PDH Configuration

Power Supply Module

1+1/1+1/Repeater/Ring configurations require an additional modem and power

100BaseTX Ethernet: scalable (from 1 100 Mbps)

64Kbps Voice Order Wire plus RS422/RS232 64Kbps data

up to 16xE1 (E1 traffic only)

Super PDH configuration (up to 63E1+2FE)

Fig. 7 Super PDH Configuration

Power Supply Module

Modem and IF/Telemetry Module

100BaseTX Ethernet: scalable (from 1 100 Mbps)

Voice Order Wire & Data Order Wire

64Kbps Voice Order Wire plus RS422/RS232 64Kbps data

up to 63xE1 (E1 traffic only)

GigaEthernet configuration with Geth I/O module (up to

Fig. 8 Gigabit Ethernet Configuration

Power Supply Module

Modulations, Channel bandwidth: QPSK-128QAM, 7/14/28/56 MHz (14and 28

4 x 10/1001000Base-TX RJ-45 modular local port connectors

up to 300 Mbps in 1+0 configuration and 56 MHz channel

GigaEthernet configuration+STM1 with EnhGEth I/O Module, (up to

Fig. 9 IDU EnhGig E STM1e/o

1+0/1+1/Repeater/Ring (East-West and East-East)

Power Supply Module

Modulations, Channel bandwidth: QPSK-128QAM, 7/14/28/56 MHz (14and 28

4 x 10/1001000Base-TX RJ-45 modular local port connectors

up to 300 Mbps in 1+0 configuration and 56 MHz channel

SDH configuration (STM1 opt/el+16E1+2FE)

Fig. 10 (SDH Configuration)

Power Supply Module

1+1/Repeater/Ring configurations require an additional modem and power supply

100BaseTX Ethernet: scalable (from 1 100 Mbps)

64Kbps Voice Order Wire plus RS422/RS232 64Kbps data