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HARRY
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By
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GRIFFIN,
H.
By
FOOTBALL-RUGBY
L.A.C.,
GRIFFIN,
H.
H.
GAME.
FOOTBALL
C.T.C.
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ARMSTRONG,
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By
DOUGLAS
GEORGE
London
ADAMS,
BELL
"
Slating
SONS.
Club.
FOOTBALL
RUGBY
GAME.
BY
VASSALL,
HARRY
HON.
LATE
TREASURER
OF
CAPTAIN
WITH
THE
OF
THE
CLUB.
PROFESSIONALISM
ON
CHAPTER
FOOTBALL
UNIVERSITY
OXFORD
UNION,
FOOTBALL
RUGBY
BY
BUDD,
ARTHUR
PAST
LONDON
OF
PRESIDENT
GEORGE
BELL
COVENT
THE
"
RUGBY
SONS,
GARDEN.
UNION.
YORK
STREET,
LONDON
BY
PRINTED
STAMFORD
AND
CLOWES
WILLIAM
STREET
AND
CHARING
LIMITED,
SONS,
CROSS.
PREFACE.
SINCE
the
well-nigh
of
game
magazine
claim
everything
football
has
articles
and
Nevertheless
of
treatment
still
have
We
readers
have,
therefore,
in
of
connection
Keeping
work
to
is
sister
with
intended
no
game
to
fairly
may
less
of
itself,
game
strictly
what
game,
the
than
it
thought
about
various
lay
cannot
this
for
that
work.
hensive
compre-
lines
might
world.
the
on
with
acquaintance
not
in
practical
on
presupposed
elementary
print
we
suppose
football
the
to
to
subject
throughout
an
definition
use
interest
of
prove
the
said
subject-matter
led
been
in
handbooks,
of
be
to
appeared
football
have
we
is
there
already
originality
much
to
that
to
necessary
of
or
the
the
of
part
and
game,
attempt
in
terms
our
any
ordinary
it.
mind
in
bear,
be
all
we
have
termed
the
unnecessary
Association,
practical
the
and,
eschewed
ancient
that
nature
all
after
reference
history
tracing
of
with
comparisons
the
this
rise
the
the
of
vi
PREFACE.
of
Union
Rugby
the
of
the
In
the
game
later
already
the
laws
end
of
the
it
as
book.
hints
is
we
as
we
well
have
of
players
to
various
the
to
the
styles
ments
require-
played.
now
refereeing,
effected,
themselves
development
our
chapters
on
been
the
confined
have
play,
and
something
have
and
on
as
those
placed
the'
reforms
which
in
to
an
are
say
on
fessionalism,
pro-
which
still
Appendix
have
needed;
at
the
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER
PAGE
I.
II.
RISE
OF
THE
RUGBY
THE
UNION
III.
DEVELOPMENT
IV.
CAPTAINCY
UNION
MATCHES
PLAY
THE
OF
ii
...
V.
VI.
VII.
VIII.
IX.
FULL-BACK
16
THREE
QUARTER-BACK
20
HALF-BACK
25
FORWARD
28
THE
REFEREE
34
...
X.
REFORM
THE
OF
THE
LAWS
37
...
XI.
EFFECT
THE
OF
PROFESSIONALISM
ON
THE
RUGBY
GAME
43
APPENDIX"
BYE-LAWS
LAWS
"
UMPIRES,
ETC.
OF
THE
GAME
REGULATIONS
"
FOR
55
RUGBY
UNION
FOOTBALL,
CHAPTER
RISE
THE
of
clubs.
we
Football
Rugby
1871,
(West
E.
had
been
but
players,
formation
which
further
and
plenty
has
Football
could
time
that
for
room
end
the
of
of
^7,
in
afford
the
but,
both,
by
with
an
season,
to
and
due.
thusiasm
en-
Some
in
deavouring
en-
suit
terminated
the
on
under
all
code
accept.
two
has
drifted
have
games
time
and
Currey
would
1863,
was,
there
that
shown
the
consequently
countiy
bifurcation.
the
thirty-three clubs,
income
Association
I.
energy
which
been
not
F.
previously
years
laws
laws
Guillemard
largely
had
apart,
distinctly gained
At
of
forward
further
of
code
G.
and
was
eight
of
A.
untiring
Union
negotiations
Rugbeians
From
is
the
the
engaged
these
of
of
frame
to
whose
to
early part
Blackheath
code
the
Messrs.
by
the
and
(Richmond),
Ash
formation
the
them
H.
Richmond
drafting
mainly
in
organized
the
of
Nomads),
(Marlborough
of
task
UNION.
was
of
undertaken
Kent),
RUGBY
Union
difficult
believe,
THE
initiative
the
at
The
"
OF
I,
and
the
season
the
are
of
290
"$
prised
com-
showed
balance-sheet
expenditure
there
Union
Rugby
clubs
at
an
end
the
the
on
of
list,
RUGBY
the
income
UNION
increased
has
FOOTBALL.
to
nearly ^1200,
and
the
penditure
ex-
^500.
Three
of the originalclubs hailed from
Scotland, viz.
of
West
Scotland, Edinburgh University,and Glasgow
from round
Academicals; the rest all came
London, and
third of them, whose
names
we
a
give lionoris causa, are
still on
the list,viz. Marlborough
Nomads, Richmond,
Rovers, Epsom, Wellington
Blackheath, Guy's, Clapham
and St. Paul's Schools,Queen's (then called Queen's House),
Wasps, and Civil Service.
In the followingseason
the Harlequins, Oxford, Eaton
admitted
the South, and
from
were
Rovers, and Dulwich
from
Lancashire.
Wigan, Liverpool, and
Manchester,
the first Irish club to join
Trinity College, Dublin, was
the Union, and
Hull was
the only representativeof Yorkshire
until Bradford
at the present
joined in 1874; whereas
their members
count
can
day Yorkshire and Lancashire
by
double figures.
the colonies can
muster
scores, and even
In
the entrance
the early days of the Union
fee and
fixed at five shillings
were
subscription
each, in 1874 they
raised to a guinea each, and the Union
could now
in
were
of its members
largelyincrease the number
any singleseason
if for any reason
it should
to the original
by reverting
figures,
to
think
it wise
When
to
of
upwards
to
do
these
so.
facts it is added
condition,we
of the
the
game
historyof
has
been
have
said
Kingdom.
which
enough
be
still
the
Rugby
Union
entrusted
from
more
But
in
started
Wales, respectively,
to
general popularityof
United
can
of their own,
that
are
all in
afford
the Union
perhaps
the
clearlyillustrated
Committee
the
"
first the
the
flourishing
conclusive
code
dence
evi-
out
through-
growth of the
by tracing the
to
which
management
and
body
RISE
of the
control
and
and
RUGBY
four officers
joint secretary
but
in
treasurer
first time
for the
and
treasurer
in the
; but
in
Hill
of
matter
1877, and
offices of secretary
Rowland
Mr.
since
the addition
shape ; first,
by
the
dents,
vice-presi-
it has
"
members
ex-officio
1881, when
fifteen ordinary
president,two
separation of
the final
secondly,by
of
originally
"
in
changes
two
UNION.
Composed
past presidentsas
of the
and
THE
game.
members
undergone
OF
took
office
representationthe
is far different.
case
London
of
that
year
for the
the
North, and
the
South.
forward
North
committee
followingyear
88
J.
of the
became
have
been
Miller
West, and
allotted
Zealand
"
to
Midland
the
by
and
given
was
was
in the
to
next
President.
first
from
that
ture.
fix-
place
on
in
were
place being
unanimous
add
elected
the
Yorkshire, and
the North
the
as
regular Union
extra
an
their powers
Westmoreland,
New
D.
time
same
MacLaren
under
Mr.
elected
made
was
committee,
for Mr.
the committee
1
the
at
places on
made
Kewley
Mr.
and
vice-president,
five other
Liverpool acting
first representativeof
the
as
ranged
ar-
Walker
Roger
committee,
Garnett
W.
H.
Mr.
1877
was
became
South
v.
of
Kewley
the
on
representatives
In
In
and
MacLaren
denied.
match
and
Kewley
F. I.
time
the
E.
Mr.
were
be
not
South
MacLaren
Mr.
Northern
could
v.
by
find Messrs.
we
North
James
and
Manchester,
which
North
the
1873
year
claims
unofficial
an
naturallycomposed
was
the
by
forward
Messrs.
by
of
but
men,
alreadyputting
In
committee
entire
first the
At
to
as
year
Since
wards
after-
vote
of
their number.
the
first representative
Mr.
MacLaren
that date
places
various
parts of
the
kingdom
being
UNION
RUGBY
admitted
to
positionthat
to
In
the
had
the game
it.
warrant
in
share
the
FOOTBALL.
management
reached
face
of
in each
the
as
seemed
of them
facts it
these
soon
as
hardly be
can
election
of
system
than
in
that
could
vogue
have
body.
thoroughly representative
the many
they have had
years of their existence
difficult questions to deal with, such as disputesand
many
rivalries between
the adjustdistricts,
clubs,and individuals,
ment
produced
During
more
of which
sometimes
has
demanded
the
exercise
of
less
diplomacy ; the selection of teams, a thanksub-committee
task which
of their
to a
they entrust
most
judges, with the proviso that they must
competent
all be members
of different clubs; the suppressionof professional
of
Hercules
from
labour
a veritable
which, in
the best interests of the game,
they have not shrunk, though
wait yet awhile
the results of their policy,
to
must
see
we
which
is only now
the
being put to the test; and, lastly,
which
their policy has
of the laws, a question on
reform
in the best sense
of the word
always been conservative
a
policy that is to say of always keeping pace with, but
ing
never
going in advance of, that publicopinion,in the formtake no
small
of which
they themselves
part. As a
signaltestimonyto their success
they can
point with pride
much
tact
and
"
to
carried
vote
no
of
want
of confidence
has
ever
been
which
againstthem
of
two
at
Northerners
and
that no
vice-presidency),
question of the rupture with
all minor pointsthat have
on
should
less
the
be
elected
decisivelyon
International
occurred
from
to
the
Board
vacant
great
than
time to time.
UNION
THE
As
referred
have
we
MATCHES.
incidentallyabove
of committee
roused
has
fears in
of the
the
eventually swamp
advantage here point
rest
makes
meetings
attendance
of .them
those
in
the
from
of the
clause
voting
at the
who
will from
game
another
at
time
same
the
the
the
inclusion
If
will be
Union,
dropping
same
exists
now
of
off
of future Northern
by
chance
any
the
the committee
purpose,
THE
saw
and
which
year
also
won
with
twenty
Clifton
best
have
and
half-backs
owing
aged
under
time
teams
Southern
Southern
the
to
Southerner
on
goes
and
by
the
presidents.
is found
law
may
surelybe
its
not
to
answer
trusted
to
adopt
the
II.
MATCHES.
drawn.
side.
In
of the
foundation
The
those
I.
Currey
were
of
were
the
Union*
Rugby
victory which
less than
no
been
F.
and
Northern
new
the
Scotland"
bership,
mem-
interest
of
the
UNION
saw
repeated,whilst
played
selection
as
by
active
redressed
CHAPTER
THE
of their
in self-defence.
measures
necessary
law, which
expresslydebarred
are
the
inequalityof
originof
they
on
with
may
new
an
will
they
we
"
drop off,whilst
time
law
in full committee
take
to
to
same
the
condition
cease
time
that
committee,
under
that
out
minds
some
fact of
the
to
seven
they
of the sixteen
earlier matches
days
the
build
men
like
twice
have
matches
played
were
J. A.
Bush
typicalforwards
of
W.
H.
Milton
of
the
and
Morse
S.
H.
was
Freeman,
three-quarter-back
a
as
probably have been no less distinguished
the
would
who
FOOTBALL
UNION
RUGBY
best
three-quarter-backin
centre
earlyschoolboy days
then
were
novelty,when
game.
gazing with
remember
In
our
awe
on
of the
heroes
these
well
we
modern
the
they
down
came
play against
to
the school.
In
1874
challenge
for many
beaten
and
proved
be, for
to
They
time
drawn,
was
game
even, until
were
easily
were
the
1882
very
their first victory in what
scored
Ireland
in
but
years,
Ireland, which
from
followingseason.
for the
accepted
was
received
was
1887, when
unfortunately
has
at all
of matches.
We
alreadyexplainedhow
have
got North
it remains
stringof
these
offer
to
in the North
for every
the almost
sightappears
this
plethora
that
spoilstheir
South
We
have
are
Southern
year teams
in
club
that
shall find
of
good
men
chances.
for every
1874;
ball
county foot-
if we
that
there
good
Southern
at
look
matter
into the
that,paradoxicalas
in the North
Nearly
it has
this is
in
a
good
a
benefit
to
seem,
thing
few clubs.
Southern
enabled
first
of the
men
very
undoubtedly
to put in
selectingcommittee
of men
who
thoroughlyknew
it may
is the very
all the
concentrated
arc
of the South
success
; but
maintaining that
general, but
South, and
teams
unbroken
hitherto been
far from
football
in the
one
strange indeed
we
closely,
more
in
match
it is remembered
Northern
good
team,
others
in the
of
regularUnion
and
MacLaren
an
When
contests.
dozens
made
victories which
is very
club
South
v.
Mr.
another's
the
after
play ;
THE
of
principle
the
men
such
County,
claim
In
has
that
title.
the
North,
committee
pressure
that
the
with
the
double
the truth
supply
in it.
with
had
proved
curious
South
were
then
not
and
trial match
by
birth and
their
match
for the
residence
only principlethat
birth gives a prior claim.
anomaly
that
year and
on
some
interest
trial matches
This
have
men
the other
Trial matches
be.
to
in 1888-89
The
tends
only
in that
because
themselves
be
to
far
so
able
fairly
; and
in the
strength.
has
always
English team,
; in such
strictly
been
no
who
one
take
to
part
the North
cases,
or
in order
to
accounts
played
on
side
in
one
the next.
such
as
the North
of their own,
per
good
men
the
genuine
compared
proved
South
result
however
happen
theory advanced,
resist
to
the
as
the South
but
the North
of the
by
North
regarded as
is not
may
selecting
unable
them,
upon
to
teams
many
Leysians had
the
themselves
of them
County
of the
As
so
any
been,
all their
year,
teams
ensure
members
many
Somerset
or
represented, the
generally found
bear
where
Yorkshire
same
hand,
be
to
to
as
teams
superiorto
to
take
to
team
other
victorygained by
prove
year
the
brought
individual
the
able, as
on
being
Blackheath, Oxford,
claims
have
the
to
been
undeniable
have
the best
Richmond,
as
MATCHES.
possiblefrom
as
team,
UNION
se
are
an
are
v.
South, which
admirable
abomination
have
institutions ;
; for many
years
RUGBY
Union
the
had
in the
and
such
their
; whilst
for the
which
emanated
from
the
by
Oxford
in
given
accepted
play
good,
in the
proposal
combined
againstLondon.
team
in
up
than
matches
county
in 1881, to
North
the
harm
more
the Union
South
Cambridge
and
did
they
taken
was
North
Oxford
played both
eventually they were
place
FOOTBALL.
matches
South, but
recognitionof
and
UNION-
few
years
of the
mainly to the indefatigableperseverance
late Harry Fox of Wellington, they started a similar match,
Western
called London
Counties, after which they now
v.
later,thanks
select
to
joint team
great hopes of seeing
and
will be
series of matches
is true
hold
we
discover
To
return
men
without
made
was
than
in the last
1888
In
the
Union
met
match,
followingseason,
and
the Rest
of
that
they are
sure
has
are
County
match
match
to be
simple,
able
to
North
between
victory
metropolitancounties,and lead to
than
organizedsystem of matches
the
Champion
hoped
Champion
effect
adoption
now
County
the international
that the
galvanic
that
but
successful
proved so
when
the
matches;
v.
of which
It is to be
have
to
nearer
international
no
both
interval of
an
of
retained,even
will also
Old
drawn.
was
return
after
yet been
never
which
England,
resumed.
matches
It
has
England played
started
of the
this
North
annual, and
then
them.
to the
they
don
Lon-
pure and
should
be
was
year, in which
match
in trial matches
selectingcommittees
more
between
Richards
and
that
once
England
v.
a
such
have
fairlycomplete
unearthed
We
introduced, and
Leysianswere
but
preliminarycontest
Counties
Midland
the
Universities.
the
meet
of
upon
a
the
better-
in force.
All
DEVELOPMENT
counties,with
claims
any
other
OF
meet
each
least
upon
at
to
THE
PLAY.
be considered
to
once
should
first-class,
and
season,
important club
arrange
should
they
call
matches
on
county-match days.
only Union
of England
The
is that
hardly a
lacked,
the field.
it
an
of
in
which
it did
as
in
the
The
match
interest of the
chief
The
yet referred
not
1888.
opportunity,which
Shrewsbury's team
hold
any
have
we
affords,coming
firm
to which
the Maoris
v.
from
success
the Committee
have
match
they
'Rugby
otherwise
into
team
the
Zealand
New
that it gave
would
lies in the
match
justafter
was
tour
of
proof
and
Shaw
and
Australia,of
the
has
gained
the
game
upon
colonies.
III.
CHAPTER
DEVELOPMENT
need
WE
not
of
discuss
when
to
playersof
the
their
modern
player is
they were
playing the
school.
We
that
place
proper
in
of
inextricablyas
in
not
advance
Sixth
can
Form
day, we
the
much
of
have
much-abused
a
side
were
when
if the
he
dreams
of
forwards, and
may
evolution
of
the
more
in advance
those
who
againstthe
ourselves
twenty
half-back
he would
gloriouschances
the wing-players,would
especially
as
the
to
the
themselves
PLAY.
THE
long to
the days
pause
matches
shoving
OF
remember
that
they
held
game.
The
of them
than
thought nothing
whole
of the rest
taking part
of
of the
in games
RUGBY
io
of
a side,and
fifty
over
remember
phy
curious
for every
two
down
UNION
for the
laughed
at
by
old
any
FOOTBALL.
very
school
one
poor
fun
rule
whereby
the
over
boys' match
"
they
the
which
privilege
respectableschool
boys
of twenty
number
a
We
were
also
could
brought
would
fifteen of the
be
present
day.
The
Union
in
1877,
at
the
request of Scotland.
more
much
so
style of play naturallyfollowed,which was
altered to suit it by
appreciated that the laws were
soon
insistingon the ball being put down
immediately it was
open
held ; and
quarter-backs,first
from
three, with
became
three-quarter-back
and
then
the rush
to
of
opposing
increase
one
one
to
in
two,
the main
forwards.
with
full-back
of three-
number
the
"
two
in
full-backs,
other
words,
line of defence
Meanwhile
the
against
advantages
of
CAPTAINCY.
understanding
and
game,
is at best
that
it goes
that to have
only
hand
ii
in hand
acquired the
half the
battle,and
with
the
firstwithout
is
likelyto
dribbling
the second
end
in total
defeat.
and
in -the way of combination
splendidpossibilities
of passingwith the feet afforded by the dribblinggame
have
been
out.
never
are
fullyworked
yet, so far as we
aware,
This development of the play we
hope to see taken in hand
and
tion
by some
brought to a state of perfeccompetent team
The
in the
near
future.
CHAPTER
IV.
CAPTAINCY.
IT
is not
one
hand.
the
At
place W. MacLagan,
of Blackheath.
head
of the list we
of the London
young
do
not
Scottish,and
captain could
learn
hesitate to
L.
more
Stokes,
of his
UtflOX
RUGBY
12
business
by reading all
than
written
the
upon
endeavour
begin with, he
that
game
leading a
team
has
ever
sine quct
been,
into
against
will
or
be,
to
should
know
he
should
be
as
the
become
means
that
non
in the
theory as
point out
to
who
one
any
it is
in the
well versed
doubtful
subject.
Since,however,
must
turn
victory,or,
them,
them
by watching
FOOTBALL
heart
by
only
not
"
play, but
appeals on
taken
was
If this
men.
might hope
captains we
field of
his mind
up
prevalent
his selection
of
to
not
attempt
which
modifications
capacityof
get
out
like poor
adopt
here
that
team
we
the
more
to
his
which
remark
captain
whenever
him
necessary;
disposal.
that
skilful
start
are
have
course
Of
course
traditions
of any
again by
or
It is his business
they are
worth, and
education, with
;
of
he will
case
introduction
but
it is
no
what
use
to
unsuited.
physically
that it is of the
should
such
in which
the
the
men
the
than
done, by
at
by
sound,
absolutelyall
material
may
his
at
men
be
stylefor
are
seem
men
can
looks
of his
the
of his
great deal
And
captainmust
laws, our
be limited
style may
be wise
the
to what
as
carry it out
styleand
that
the
less of
see
make
his team
his
to
stillfar too
are
thoroughly masteringall
After
next
elementary precaution
present time.
at the
all
by
rules
bickeringand wranglingwhich
the
to
also the
the
is
utmost
unfettered
ance
importselection
possible. At schools,
CAPTAINCY.
and
universities,
to
other
any
trust
unfair
what
selections.
he
men
In
places where
should
choice
make
large field
absolute,and
he
clubs
many
get and
can
be
there is
public opinion as
of
pressure
13
guarantee against
naturallyhas
the
must
we
best
of
take
to
them
but
is
wherever
for the
It lies with
season.
give
him
side,
issues,and
limitinghis
think
to
not
they
it than
about
to
elect
can
make
on
man
straightby
matters
result of such
the nominal
and
man
inferior
an
in the team
captainsspring up
more
to
natural
The
power.
that amateur
know
and
full power,
them
think
who
captain
"
is
course
all
they
of
sense
will
make
probably
his
men
quarters and
find
dribble
finds that
it useless
in
instead.
his
weather, and
wet
If he is
eight
forwards
playing
are
must
four three-
swamped
by
make
his extra
opposing nine, he must
three-quarter
go
forward.
If,when
playing against a strong wind, he finds
the
his backs
may
unable
sometimes
for the
check
the
attack
of his opponents,
be
may
to
have
to
are
make
accustomed
them
to
play an
he
behind
the
man
offensive game,
he
as
RUGBY
14
the
keeping
ball
constantly into
will
captain
UNION
in
tight
touch
the
for
while
; but
hope that
tight game
we
the
adopt
punting
or
scrummage,
his team
make
ever
FOOTBALL.
get
much
as
Defensive
tactics
should
we
behind
or
be
We
have
man
of
said
this,he
must
of his team,
do
their
to
at
no
that
by
show
from
or
certainty;
to
draw
of
luck.
be
unforeseen
meet
in their proper
which
he
in too
a
forwards
follow up
for
and
grow
averted.
up,
Backs
fail to pass
and
mark
to
all
kick-off,
have
soon
close ; half-backs
chance
fail
habits
might
places and
warnings
constant
is lost,or is taken
try is possible,
out,
but
of
captain,bad
the
to
to
forward
make
to
was
ready
ever
whether
"
Without
come
three-quarters
was
and
they keep
work.
disaster ensues,
and
member
advantage
see
proper
exhortations
and
is not
possible.
as
process
as
in
occur
may
to
resources,
to take
dangers, or
be
to win
enough
many
the
ambition
whose
at most
or
to
sorry
team
of
out
no
in specialcases,
quite justifiable
are
very
of
"
match,
every
enjoyment
it
missed, when
their
for lack of
word
try
the line
at
men
from
the
use
his
captain.
It will thus
eyes
be
should
play
fairlygood,
behind
but
forward
he
his head
to
head,
the
centre
which
ought
his
less than
no
that, as
seen
either
or
he must
up,
see.
it is
captain
has
to
better,if possible,that
scrummage.
to control
must
the
the game.
damage
miss
the
many
If he
scrummage
of the
he
is
the
is
playing
by keeping
pointswhich
he
CAPTAINCY.
15
team
a
distinct
If there
had
he
two
ends,
case
he must
is
tries to kick
the
the
to
the
far
as
of
certain
of either
catcher
before
side
should
catching
he
two
that
kick
The
the backs
of
or
the
why
kicker
he can,
as
captain of
to cover
smart
the
make
can
tackling the
the
or
ground
defending
drop
for
catches.
himself
fair catches
not
objection to
the
another
The
being
converted
man
taking
one
long
selection
the
work
others
on
to
it is
together,since
whose
inspiringhis
that
to
or
captain
enthusiasm.
has
A
regular
not
that
with
has
place the
secretary does
the
art
fore
there-
tries
from
each
highlyimportant
keenness
men
match
an
is no
goals. There
short place-kicks and
the
his ways,
of the club
some
into
provided
ones,
captain,but
well
if he loses
thank
to
assistant,accustomed
in
back
receiving
It is also the
with
any
reason
high
as
In
and
contrary, they
it themselves
get off.
can
make
regularlyto help
such
the
high kick, on
of
the
the most
is that
hard
the ball,however
pitch of
between
chief
teams
consequently find
forwards
case
The
or
of them
make
to
high
instead
he can,
as
how
A
in many
slack
so
advantage
the kick-off.
knows
for both.
strong wind,
choose
to
take
kick-out.
wanted
are
followingup
better
the
take
to
nothing
see
following up
is
much
and
kick-off,
of the
and
will be wise
slope,he
the outset.
at
If there is
good
generallylie
they
above
man
to
should
all
slack
secretary
UNION
RUGBY
16
do
can
almost
best
the
even
as
much
as
of
teams
go
FOOTBALL.
bad
to
captaintowards
letting
of a
pieces in the course
season.
Finally, the
he
provided that
his
autocratic
more
has
the
enough
tact
is the
captain
to
keep
good
on
better,
terms
must
He
men.
must
repress
others
amenable
more
CHAPTER
to
instruction.
V,
FULL-BACK.
WE
will
take
now
the
positionson
the
field
in
order,
Full-back
is an
beginning with the last line of defence.
defensive
essentially
probably for that reason
post, and
is undoubtedly more
There
are
rare.
good ones
enjoyment
of playingthree-quarters
than out of watching
to be got out
with perhaps very little to do at full-back ; and the
the game
in front of you is,the
of it is that, the better the team
worst
less you will get to do, because
does not call
a
good team
on
the
post is
the
best team,
and
opponents
and
whenever
depends
men
to
on
often
as
of the
one
since
the ball
so
no
utmost
team
always in
can
weaker
take
to
This
the
fact
front of their
ought
But
importance, even
hope to keep its
one.
three-quarters
;
act, everything
to
upon
to be sufficient to induce
the
two
necessary
FULL-BACK*.
17
as
than
of
three-quarters,
as
full-back
do
is to
three-quarterget
the
would
be
Such
of
man
coming
stand
must
far up
stand
not
the
round
turn
to
of him
be able to
to
and
after
run
that he
made
likelyof
post, and
his
new
to
the
common
receive
it,at
has
to
as
position.
fault
always
must
the
to
then
habits
in
full-back
are
in his
most
not
ground.
far back
so
the
especiallyliable
back
enough
far
having
too
better
there
ready
get the
take
his
whom
time
same
run
get it
to
up
he
must
then
learn
make
to
of
sure
"
him
five
yards
clear if he
in the laws
the part of backs
has
added
; for if
new
they
it true.
catches
danger
touch
the
to
forwards
to
tion
altera-
recent
fumbling
ball and
give
on
then
the
let it
the
is incurred.
Granted, then,
that
our
full-back has
learnt
where
c
to
stand
and
he has
a
UNION
RUGBY
18
how
make
to
drop
distance
he
gettinghis
the
j but
of the
should
it into touch
send
clean,the
wind,
his opponents
free to
are
this rule
only exception to
opponent's goal
should always do
is
for what
out
drop
in this
is lost,though
chance
look
try
is,if
so, if he has
scored
been
often
to
men
the
resume
; whereas
at
which
clear chance.
; but
manner
if
The
once.
enough
near
goal,in
at
much
so
are
is
at
that he
means
attack
he
for touch
line out
next
of
sure
in mind
that
or
He
can.
make
aim
bear
as
punt
he
as
can
and
always
either
"
far he
all costs,
at
kick
thing that
next
ground
by experiencehow
out
states
must
ball
far down
as
kicking in various
that
the
of is
sure
into touch
"
find
must
catch
to
FOOTBALL.
his
to
he
case
Goals
still more
have
often
the
play.
It is far better
his kick
have
againsta
does
feel
and
then
where
only, he
he
has
quarters, who
he
if,accordingly,
with
to
be
the
kick ; but
now
bad
to
bring off
it
as
rule for
days
in
when
far
hurry
to
back
to
find
back
his
to
of the
one
full-backs
two
he can,
as
fill his
playing
heavy that he
his kick, then,
so
to
is
to
place
put it
post,
three-
until his
played,it
were
do
first-class match
England
dropped
good play
field,and
play
rightto expect
ball
wet
with
run
be held
being able
may
has
In
return.
the
of
sure
to
directlyhe is tackled,and
down
used
back
charged down
strong wind,
very
not
for
so,
for
and
we
since the
back
to
have
day
when
take
never
seen
it led to
it done
a
in
disaster
to
international
match.
PULL-BACK.
to
never
and
run,
always
19
make
to
the
of
sure
kick
into
touch.
So
far
they
receiving the
are
the
with
ball.
If he
him
to
lets
the time
second, and
the
is
tackier
can
in
former
the
not
to
about
to
others.
where
another
It is easy
can
backs
and
you
feel bound
livelyrecollection
Cambridge,
of
about
same
The
as
only
way
come
you
going
when
Stoddart
a
of
on
man
and
believe
we
elude
him,
at
fall
such
unless
you
speed, such
Cambridge,
G.
Blackheath, and by
captain has
to
is
sort
as
not
forward,
at
of fascination
clutches.
play
others
that
We
and
some
over
We
of A.
S.
you,
have
Taylor
felt much
the
of Oxford.
B. Tristram
to
to
down
runner
into their
run
him
hold
right moment
to
of
Wauchope
If
H.
to
the
able to understand.
with
the
knows
to
learn to tackle
last
exercise
to
seem
is certain
the
case
certainty
;
tackier
by instinct
the
bring
must
the
all
to aim
"
latter
try is
the
been
to
low
man
the
the
he
man
your
tacklingunder
In
knows
never
stand
to
you
he
enough
at
go
matter
feel that
Some
how
that it comes
suppose
you
lets
with
your
that
have
we
at
off and
provided
go
But
mystery which
only
be shoved
case,
ball.
can
if he
difficulty
; but
the shoulder.
at
always
rightmoment
and
mind
our
receivingthe man
pass him, it is still
it is all up
him,
one
hips and
the
ball
of the
out
get
the
elementary rule
and that is,to go
circumstances,
at
in
to
when
all events.
at
There
The
only
of full-backs
play
work, consists
man
the
ball.
half of his
possible for
the
dealt
have
we
choose
tackier
have
as
C.
very
the
was
Wade
few
is
by passingjust
power
of
turning
possessed by
of
Don
Oxford,
or
others.
between
RUGBY
2o
and
tackier
good
him
become
never
be
it should
as
back
start
every
goes
we
is both
who
long
have
way
tried
feelingof
towards
victory;
that the
show
to
tackier
with
game
tackier
will
and
team
much
is much
learn, and
to
drop-kicking. If
good
bad
"
studied nearly as
is not
it is easy
than
weather
safer in wet
which
backs"
by
mend
certainlyrecom-
one,
art
an
should
tackier
good
in the world
is
punting
and
the
good
kick
the worst
good kick, we
take
to
FOOTBALL,
UNION
possesses
good kick,they
which
confidence
it is for this
of itself
of the
importance
that
reason
post
can
hardly be over-estimated.
CHAPTER
VI.
THREE-QUARTER-BACK,
COMING
settle how
many
of
of
the
introduction
number
have
played
decision
or
fourth
the pros
three
defence
given plenty to
to
fourth
cons
of
teams
"
the
few
other
it
make
more
use
Before
to
case
be
able
attack
an
as
clubs
open
coming
ninth
to
duly
must
in all
to
the
ordinary
defend
their
rather than
the
played,consequently he must
place is to be justified.Now,
be
strengthen the
is
if his
do
to
orthodox
question,the captain
ought
three-quarters
that
great many
is of
man
to
three-quarter.
and
line ; it is therefore
as
success
odd
this knotty
on
consider
cases
as
the
such
the
game
and
Cardiff
Since
play.
to
means
passing
open
four with
questionwhether
forward
he
them
three ; but
been
has
the captainhas
three-quarter-backs,
to the
next
in many
even
of the
first rank
"
in
even
THREE-QUARTER-BACK.
the
three-quartersdo
three
have
to
fourth.
quarter would
be
especiallythe
have
worked
up
to
make
accurate
otherwise
be
work
simple
useless
unless
and
the
three-
the whole
other
ness
mad-
team,
three-quarters
reliable and
system of passing sufficiently
of the ball
sure
the
play
might
he
when
game
than
half-backs
will
he
other
In
worse
and
not
; in such
given them
21
be
reaching him
part of
pretty often,
service in the
doing good
ranks
ot
the forwards.
It will thus be
artificial one,
passing;
the
that he
still has
he
which
but
be
granted
that
good
the
of
use
consider
to
the
would
make
can
that
seen
if he
man
whether
feels
he
sure
enough
has
got him,
safelyspare
can
the
This
forward.
the character
on
depends so entirely
of the opponent's forwards, that it is impossibleto lay down
'If they are
hard
and
fast rule beforehand.
slack,
any
extra
good training,or
in
not
or
he
scrummagers,
to
men
man
hold
their
the
so
who
the post
that he
can
on
can
change
him
be decided
on
the
should
the
that
able
only
always
In
be
being
three
carried
to
select
centre"
can
game,
begun, if he
next
best
mere
for
so
finds
question
opinion, the
in the
captain
againsthim.
played, the
are
forwards
any
to
three-quarter,
play a good forward
has
his
retired hurt,
advise
should
of
most
eight
has
man
of them
our
seen
eight
his
leave
the
make
often
we
to
good
not
are
fourth
also
are
is,which
wings.
; but
playinga
who
man
Supposing
have
We
be done
thing can
is bent
perhaps be
their nine, and
againstnine, when
own
only they
may
with
cope
behind.
extra
if
even
player of the
sprinterswill
be secured
; but
the
to
which
three
do
for
centre
RUGBY
22
UNION
on
his
to
bear
the
their
have
must
has
only
not
he
the
at
feet of the
dribbling down
difficult as
good
at
it
upon
The
before
and,
still further
the
ball
in the
is
which
he
tackled,pass
and
open,
wing
the
safelylanded
to
half
must
by calling.
for the
wing, who
the
up
to
the
than
tackled, and so on
goal line,as it should
difficult positions.In
more
to pass, he
will be
playerson
the field.
of passes,
he
as
If,on
the
positionin
full-back
It is
should
can
other
the
If he
take
sees
it in
likelyto
hand,
his
by
to
is
gain
a
to
must
the
from
much
kick and
when
positionof the
a good opening for a series
preference to kicking into
lead
side
field he will
to kick
deciding when
by
guided principally
being more
touch,
will have
he
full-back,
is
receive
the
forwards
so
equally
be, if
are
is
the
over
they
make
him
back
then
the
to
on
of the scrummage
must
on
the
say, he
of his whereabouts
ball
to
ments
require-
be
must
is to
pass, that
open-fieldside
be
he
hesitation
fearlessly.He
the
win
fulfil these
To
task
"
also
to
is not
receives
he
sometimes
him
the
on
attack,but
when
the half-backs
warn
moment
open,
the
without
giving a
taking and
must
of
who
man
opponent's forwards
looks, if done
always placehimself
and
brunt
himself
throw
must
he is the
shoulders,as
openings, and
by dropping a goal.
himself
match
ball
head
FOOTBALL.
immediate
score.
being pressed,from
more
long
an
the
kick
ground
than
even
his
a
into touch.
where
he ought to stand,
definitely
he has to be constantlychanging his positionat his own
as
discretion.
As
a
general principlehe must stand farther
his side is being'
back when
pressed than when his side is
always be ready to start running to
attacking. He must
the open
side,and at the line out it is not a bad plan for
impossibleto
say
TffRB"QUARTE"BACK*
him
stand
to
either to
start
mentioned
end
extreme
his
on
away
if the
opponents
not
the
at
ball is
of the
line in readiness
account,
own
passed
tackling or
23
back
them.
to
We
requisitesfor
as
pace
tackle
to
or
his
have
centre,
dribbling,in
to
even
which
inferior
an
they
tackier; and
case
in
goal-droppingand
more
in
wings
than
making long
in
in the open
direct
they
can
the
In
run.
earned
often
receivingpasses
from
or
tackled
does, but
often
thrown
away
he
tries,
has
line of
the main
powers,
time
power
be
also
as
any
to
to
and
so
glorious chance
of
does
is the first
pace
and
times
some-
hard
as
be
run
as
the
whilst
make
of
not
reaches
that
real
the
best
into
touch
sprinterso
try
certainty
winning
to
on
match
the
ball
themselves.
solely in scoring
from
still engaging
lie
as
simple,have
post than
gettingthrough
his
try-gettersin the
by wings holding
defence,and
runner
again
back
lies
for
runs
running
of the
himself
Many
work
reputations; but
allow
then
out
prey
more
will pass
easy
gettinginto position
of
from
great
the attention
has
the chief
the
by
hand,
sprinters,
pure
for themselves
other
halves,and
this way
offensive
consists
principalwork
for
his
an
himself.
runs
the
on
wing three-quarters,
essential,because they should be
Their
fall
startingthe
In
team.
should
no
gettingthrough
tackling
mean
line will
by
reserve
The
that
the
wings
RUGBY
24
therefore
should
between
the
UNION
keep
and
centre
well
as
well
out,
the
the
as
FOOTBALL.
so
to
as
if
and
touch-line,
should
man,
at
ground
they fail to
the
cover
once
at
go
full
find himself in
the help of the full-back who
to
may
pace
similar difficulty.In any crisis it is always the duty of
a
one
of the
and
it is also
to
three-quarters
their
duty
speciallydangerous
to win
business
they have
their powers
"
the match
either
the
day,
Bolton
centre, by
his marvellous
far the
was
; Stoddart
full
we
best
he had
clean
have
the
best
it is their
in return
should
He
But
swerve
ran
when
tackier,who
power
opinion,makes
recent
heath, and
to
fast
at
of
Lockwood
nasty
class
Valentine
of
his
going
securingtries
in
to
imitate if they
of
which
from
one
full
he
ful
wonder-
foiled the
his iron
their compeers.
Hubbard
have
been
best
his great
speed which,
Swinton,
Dewsbury,
trick
ball,a
opinion,the
our
by
above
wings ;
whilst
dodger
to
trustingtoo much
and straight,
and had
turning at
players a
times
stopping
way of
to land the
full pace,
received
skill in
novices
was,
in his
was,
passingto
had
marvellous
took
going
It is this
kick, and
Wade
very
only
in
accuracy
recommend
not
their limbs.
strength.
his
of
reason
the full-back
over
more
and
was
speed, and
by jumping
value
the
Of
best
rushes, and
which
carefully
any
opponent's three-
on
Robertshaw.
pace
watch
the
best
at
game,
full-back,
In
and
of the
or
directly
indirectly.But
fair rightto complain if,as is so often the case,
called into play owing to insufficient
not
are
"
feeding
and
amongst
man
modern
in the
fun
of the
mark
help
three-quartersundoubtedly
The
quarters.
to
go to the
of
thigh.
in
our
In
Black-
undeniably
HALfi-BACK.
players,but
first-rate
have
we
Alderson, of whom
and
not
enough
seen
great things
them
able to compare
2$
of Sutcliffe
predicted, to
their predecessors.
with
CHAPTER
be
are
VII.
HALF-BACK.
style of play
the modem
WHEN
predicted that
should
we
by
half-backs
and
Twynam
such
of the old
some
and
Alan
players adapted
Rotherham
of
to
show
that there
the
At
in
notably
secure
their
are
if
of
of
what
captain
has
rid of it.
The
ball when
it
no
to
better
for the
men
have
game,
had
out
of
of
at
the
good
the
to
good
have
failed
could
they
enough
down
material
names
Richards,
worth.
were
ball,and
the
first mark
comes
and
pass
breaks
game
such
good
because
they
after forward
quick on
the
pattern
The
not
to
start
let
whole
unless
unremittingin startingpasses
and
smart
is
passing
of
would
who
halves
of
style,
new
as
mention
first
very
the
to
clubs, who
some
department
years, simply
the
try forward
who
dearth
Taylor,
the
Scotts,Fox,
two
enjoyed
H.
the front
to
other
couple
play
only to
no
time
same
show
three-quarters
halves
one
been
has
fact,from
their
came
have
We
recent
machinery
must
once
for every
men
at
followed.
as
post.
of
matter
able
unenvi-
in the game
share
was
Hutchinson, Evanson,
as
but, as
the
the
it
fill the
to
men
did
poor
with
compared
when
appear
get
never
post of half-back,so
first introduced
was
the
fore,
; thereupon,
post, until he
he
finds
scrummage
is that
he gets the
oftener
than
his
RUGBY
26
opponent.
In
quite close
to
and
the
UNION
order
the
whom
If he is not
the
should
to be
be not
half-back,who gained a
being held, are over; such
the
In
chary
of
spoilsall
he
of
the
neighbourhood
passing as
attempt.
that
In
he has removed
able to pass
the
with
ball;
no
opponent
smother
the
less
play
is
the
half
side
It must
then
be
before
he
Tiis
be
as
danger
warrant
the
until
the
up
further
his
to
to
must
The
to
ground to be
up the ground
have
We
succeeds
who
the
of
game.
great
is to
of
force before
his side.
on
he
object
days
half
goal a
too
and
main
useless
now
safelybecome.
may
important
that opponent
sheer
enough
far
game
play of
gets it.
yards by
is then
his
he
The
own
open
the back
his
the ball.
else
one
impunity;
his
the
on
round
cases
player
him,
all
few
of
every
case
the
ball
smother
can
of their
possibilities
interceptedpass
an
in
with
tackled
old
side,as
start
or
himself, but
scrummage
position of
three-quartersis
favourablyplaced
side,
get off-
to
the
pass
his opponent
not
of the
is to
he
gets it,before
provided always
can
taking care
scrummage,
stand
nowadays
must
constantlyinforming himself
he
side.
this he
do
to
to
three-quarters,
moment
FOOTBALL.
in
so
far
gettingthe
when
his
to
is his
can
pass ;
play
that,to
failing
line of defence
each
the
see
therefore
forwards
still
more
must
the ball
the
come
be
out
situation becomes
must
done
by
do
the
as
much
as
they
halves, because
of the scrummage,
critical;
more
and
can
can,
but
they
can
get
clear
HALF-BACK.
the
for
start
in the
whilst
man
The
scrummage.
half
is therefore
and
second
the
only
forwards
that
to
still
are
tackling
of
amount
second
the
27
criterion
sure
entangled
done
by
his merits,
of
quickness in pickingup
of
and
passing.
duty falls to
throwing the ball
other
One
that of
first learn
must
There
endless
are
whichever
point in
spiteof
the
spot
or
two
case
he
can
end
of the
it may
be
dap it in
line,when
may
to
any
or
he
any
look
then
great deal
out.
The
half
point in
the
line.
he must
has
out
practise
reached
fection
per-
; it may
drop
can
pass
other
ball to
line-out
and
previouslytold
man,
must
opponent's
"
; and
He
exhortations
touch
of
ways
art.
half-back,namely,
properly worked
the
natural
comes
in the
throw
to
lot of the
in from
of it if it is
made
be
can
the
to
back
point down
be
position,who
in
the
better
line,in
at
the
fast
of
either
can
position;
which
case
or
it
he
must
line
out,
it to
we
may
the
man
mention
that
in
the
last international
scored
try.
Lastly,justas
halves
must
be careful
never
to
give a
fair
UNION
RUGBY
28
meaning
when
catch
be
always
to
into
punt
the look-out
on
FOOTBALL.
for
touch,
taking them
they
so
when
must
their
near
take them
near
opponent's goal. They should never
own
goal,unless they feel absolutelycertain of being
to
them
dispose of
of suicidal
safely. We
tendencies,make
had
he
goal-posts that
once
saw
close
so
retire between
to
able
player,evidently
fair catch
their
his
to
them
own
get his
to
CHAPTER
VIII.
FORWARD.
of
work
THE
forward
branches, play in
is
few
given to
as
every
to
go
player,however
he
as
not
every
learn
can
to
be
to
"
follow
to
up
likes it
the
spoilthe play of
; but
at both
not, he
or
has
at
can
genuine scrtimmagers;
show
has
to
make
and
to
tackle,even
shine
It
in the open,
be
may
he
into two
in the scrummage.
equally good
he
whether
scrummager
him
intended
not
to
play
good
into scrummages
least learn
and
few
very
"
and
the open
suitablydivided
be
can
in the open,
if
of
has
nature
passing and
dribbling.
only by working
It is
hope
to
of
number
good
how
pass, he
for
modicum
the
to
open
can
to
afford
pair of
increase
to
scrummagers
advantage.
who
If his
captaincan
settling what
the
wards
of for-
number
that
he
how
know
halves
know
who
halves
are
no
has
he
If
team.
of clever
ball out
in his
have
behind, including
men
to
class
each
lines that
of
great difficulty
the
overcome
these
on
retains
to
bring
good
at
FORWARD.
he
passing,
has
loose, and
he
away
most
in
should
irresistible form
his halves
If neither
it loose, then
he
anythingbetter
that cannot
be
constitutes
real
aim
at
the
ball
at
their
of attack
his forwards
nor
his
and
than
that
dull
make
to
then
with
body
to his forwards
trust
to
29
that
team
feet
has
the
game
break
can
perhaps
"
yet been
the
devised.
be
taught to make
three-quarterscannot
hope for
season's play, for it is an axiom
insisted upon
can
often, that
too
fast open
play
limited
being strictly
the tightgame
football,
to
Supposing, first,that
forwards
brought
ever
the
free themselves
spread
out
another,
over
so
as
the
from
to
the
be
issue
breaking up,
ground
at
take
is
adopted,
is hardly
their
passing whilst
directlythey can
but
distance
some
up
aid.
the
it is their business
scrummage,
ready to
without
will start
half-back
is still
scrummage
game
series of passes
successful
the
that
is true
It
to
passing
that
remember
must
the
the
from
passingas
soon
to
one
as
the
"
the
always be
constant
more
or
less open
course
on
one
side
or
the
other
the
and
runner,
for him
same
him
again before
another
not
to
he should
is so much
Dack
that
that
course
do
player must
he
as
long pass
line with
whilst
keep ;
soon
as
FOOTBALL.
it is in
already warned
have
We
is
of
backer-up should
the
UNION
RUGBY
30
not*
far forward
too
get
keep
ground lost,which
far
it
behind, as
has to be made
anything
it is very
it is to
and
passing game
dribbler,such
in
dribblers
the
start
the
it is not
the
be
if he
to
has
opposing
pass
back.
the
see
side in order
one
this way
the
line,but it should
to make
be
of
circumvent
to
be
can
rushed
in this matter,
open
line,passingrightacross
admit
our
at
oval
once
all
game
that
ball than
the
it is far
an
right
the Association
with
ball
sure
from
We
by
up
is
This
can
it to
as
backed
In
goal
before the line,so
dribbler
best
in
forwards
of the ball
to
effective there
be
ball,if
By all means
possible,but he must
command
up
dribblingto
plays the
dribble
a
good
worth
a
place in
two
or
one
good
"
is
have
to
passed,
which
let the
of the
rest
to
Evershed
enough
for
team;
team
able
be
ball when
combination.
be
must
also
Jeffrey or
as
the
catch
that every
case
should
; but
team
any
difficult to
this
meet
is
ground
more
and
when
lesson
advance
in
necessary.
difficult to
one
we
; but
dribble
then
we
FORWARD.
nine
have
the line
forwards
at
under
Moreover,
on-side
keeps
isolated
the
only
ball has
when
which
team
few
years
the
dribbling,to change
withdrawn
was
who
held
kicking,which
oval
has
always
is
despite
As
its
shape
much
very
stand
it
opinion
time
its
reigns
main
so
long dropfeatures of
spectator'spoint
the
to
between
the
backs
againstdribbling.
own
that, with
supreme
namely,
that
thing
doubt
forwards
work
mere
cannot
the
unlimited
than
watch
other
shoving
to
be
too
must
is all that
get the
the
not
in
to pass,
From
doubt
combined
due
play
dividua
selfish feats of in-
of forward
for
is wanted.
quick
no
for combination
scope
great branch
work, it
scrummage
supposed
no
to
now
popularityis
forwards; good
and
its
of view
change
passing game,
the
the
players,
whether
hold
of old
for
It
one.
few
a
plused,
non-
for any
round
of the
one
doubt
now
into
essential
was
been
will
attractions,
matters
the
to
if at any
; but
Rugby game
adopted, we
players
Rugby
the
the
plan adopted
completely
so
few
system.
in deference
that
the
of the cleverest
were
to
backer-up
On
this
seen
one
proposal was
ago
as
cross
goal-posts.
confidentlypredictsuccess
it
adopted
the
kicked.
been
have
we
should
we
between
can
laws, it is perfectlylegal
we
until the
occasions
of
off-side
our
with
forward
pass
againsttheir five,and
as
point instead
any
31
packing ;
play,
be
moment
It is
for that
but
great
reason
scrummage
that
of late years reduced
to such a science
of
shoving will be of very little avail againsta team
has
been
RUGBY
32
UNION
skilled scrummagers.
FOOTBALL.
recognizedleaders
such as J. G. Walker
in the scrummage,
of Oxford, Gurdon
of Richmond, and
others, who
keep careful watch
many
the whereabouts
of the ball ; the usual
days
over
plan nowabeing to keep it just behind the first row of legs,so as
retain
to
command
off it to
worked
effort the
side
one
is
they should
and to ensure
resistance,
direction
much
standing up.
then
to
as
to
they
your
you.
honest
use
ready
or
"
swung,"
The
your
are
to
push,
and
to
see
final
and
the
to one
screw
line of least
that all
players
for themselves
because
they
can
positionthan when
great points in scrummage-swinging are
of the ball and to keep it,and
for all
direction.
It is no use tryingto screw
feet to
the
in that
command
have
be
able
that
to
of the ball.
You
it for
secure
energiesto stoppingyour
workers
take
to
in order
greater force
get command
then
"
screwed
down
must
with
other,when
been
have
opponents
this it is essential
their heads
have
push with
the
or
be
side only,
in which
the
It is not
should
"
have
teams
it until
of
scrummage
breaks
team
Most
vote
yourselves,and deopponents from screwing
team
hold
must
the
contain
scrummage
enough
; for
if
find that
FORWARD.
there
was
been
able
understand
to
with
back
the
perhaps
may
sketched
heelingout,"but
why
be
considered
sufficient work
out
who
opponent
his
marking
his spare
can
hope
We
are
we
do
to
be
not
member
the
want
do
we
hold
of every
condition.
No
situated than
be
in
every
kick-off
and
every
line-out,with
forward
good
advocates
no
that
to
It will thus
moments.
but
race,
at
man
to
to
pass
rightto
pass
wrong
be
have
we
never
already
of a forward's
most
occupy
the duties of tacklingany and
happens
ball, of followingup
be
have
we
to
it should
it is admitted
foot when
back
It
"
feelingagainst
33
be
who
possession of
kick-out,and
which
is not
for
of
fill up
to
inferred that
the
no
one
in
good training.
beer or his pipe,
stoppinga man's
trainingof an athlete preparingfor a
it to be the imperativeduty of every
team, however
doubt
some
men
humble,
are
keep in good
more
favourably
to
much
others
for
We
slow at packing,
the game
proceeds the forwards become
of the scrummage
to the back
slower stillat coming round
;
As
the
and
followingup
stalwarts
find
the
themselves
inferiors in every
in the game.
point of
tacklingbecome
beaten
by men
physique and, it
slack,and
who
may
are
be, of
your
their
skill
RUGBY
24
UNION
FOOTBALL.
CHAPTER
THE
is of
referee
THE
Rugby
game
REFEREE.
comparatively modern
but
IX.
his
have
powers
that it is
growth
been
in
increased
the
so
exaggerationto say
him
than on
that on
more
depends
any singleindividual
decisions by the
A few bad
our
enjoyment of a match.
for players and
referee
are
enough to spoil the game
points of view the post is a
spectators alike. From
many
it certainly
demands
thankless
small degree of
no
one
; and
the part of old players to make
them
love for the game
on
steadilyyear
out
turn
too
none
by
year
after week
week
to
prone
take
to
now
no
view
of
who
their
are
best
club
that
to
be
sends
prompt
in the
and
names
of
some
competent
referees
secure
an
willingto act under the society'sorders, can
matches
impartialreferee for its own
by applying to the
hope to see this principle
secretary of the society. We
especiallyin London, before
adopted elsewhere, and
another season
has passed.
who
is willing
the responsibilities
to undertake
Any man
of
laws
referee
down
of them
rule-book
to
must
first be
their minutest
certain that he
details,and
the
knows
all the
interpretation
in all their
THE
his
own
captainwho
any
We
hold
each
season,
every
match.
every
game,
but
decision
is
The
referee
it is
only by
given promptly
order
to
laws
study
them
his
decisions
realize
; and
the ball
referee
unless
that considerable
level with
keep
before
in almost
that
study
before
decision
the
up
should
constant
with
next
read
prompt
must
should
referee
and
referee who
game.
that
be
to
requiredin
player
Novel
and
hope
can
begins,and of convincing
the field.
interpretations
on
questionshis
that every
35
the match
before
memory
REFEREE.
in
always
the
ulster is
an
point which
fine
any
should
He
throughout
game
on
is
activity
in
appear
light
clothes
of
the
; if he
him
of his
fear
slightest
does
his
chill
taking a
during
is not
the progress
of
the game.
As
between
if he
the
finds
lose his
as
goal-posts,
direction
of the
he
touch-lines,
that
scrummage
vantage-ground
for
far
is
as
is
game
must
round
move
is
where
the
sudden
formed,
Rowland
line-out,Mr.
touch-line
end,
so
for unfairness
inclined
to
departure
doubt
from
as
to
keep
which
whether
the
may
Hill,our
is
questionsof refereeing,
not
as
close watch
on
to be
as
the
ground
standing
the many
play affords
advantages
rule of
so
highestauthorityon
of
touch-line
general
so
the
in favour
the
to
of the game
move
line
practicable
;
him
forcing
ready to
in
keep
be
cannot
all
the
of
other
At
that
either of the
towards
to
sets
two
should
referee
; but
secured
keeping
to
the
at
the
ings
openwe
are
by
this
middle
RUGBY
36
for the
compensate
that
from
the line-out.
to
any
sometimes
Neutral
success,
start
has
He
faith in
do not
referee
must
is got away
driven
been
get
quickly
to assume
impossible
of umpires, who
are
impartiality
the
take
the
ball
doubt
no
sixteenth
than
nothing more
been
umpires have
because
they do not
referee,and
which
the
the lamentable
positionby
put
bad
FOOTBALL.
positionwhenever
from
the
UNION
tried
men
with
feel the
indifferent
of
responsibility
to be
real solution of
decisions.
The
giving accurate
to us
to lie in abolishingthe umpires
the difficulty
seems
of the whole
and
in giving the referee the direct control
This system is actuallyin operationin Wales, where
game.
and
it has proved a decided
we
hope to see it
success,
Committee, in
adopted without delay by the Rugby Union
the powers
continuation of their policyof steadily
increasing
them
petent
comof referees in proportion as practicehas made
admit
that it is physically
them.
We
to exercise
impossiblefor a referee to see every singlepoint that occurs
keen
about
in
game,
often
but
hampered
umpires
than
by
referees
who
would
to
inability
shrink
from
the
see
the
points.
extra
To
those
responsibility
between
would
the two
evils.
until the
day
when
comes
REFORM
THE
grant
claim
without
his while
It is worth
least
at
to
see
OF
THE
one
of their
that
LAWS.
37
flagsbeing raised.
flagsare of a suitable
the
colour,white
see
dark
notice.
carry
He
all
the
over
hardest.
also
Nothing
see
ground,
is
he
should
than
irritating
more
which
one
always
a
to
will
his
blow
feeble whistle.
X.
CHAPTER
OF
THE
LAWS.
complexity of
the
Rugby
Owing
THE
THE
an
length and
admitted
blot
of their
first be
REFORM
upon
the
origin,it
was
game.
necessary
largelyexplanatory,and
no
that
small
laws
Union
to
the
they
stances
circum-
should
degree
is
of
at
skill
RUGBY
38
of chaos.
of the
on
The
the
with
view
object
observing
to
letter ; but
With
day.
in
for many
a
Nomads
Marlborough
of the
than
fullyrecognizedby
first
was
legislation
no
years
time
as
went
committee
"
spot
with
to
was
brought
was
pressure
Butterworth
K.
and
the
for foul
be found
bear
to
captainsof
others,he
remedied;
glaring defects
substantial penalty
more
the
Budd
of A.
A.
of the ablest
one
"
more
on
scrummage
Yorkshire
help
the
gettingthe
length
At
less than
no
spirit
the main
Union
out
the
his
the laws
to learn
playerswas
evolvingorder
class of
to
In the
in the
them
in
originaldraftsmen
early days of the
the
by
shown
was
FOOTBALL,
UNION
ceeded
suc-
but
play
in the code.
especially
by
"
result that
the
referee
the
was
competent,
more
increase
of power.
demands
These
to
inflict
marked
from
into
which
more
improvement
sufficient
in
justified
Meantime
laws
at the time.
in 1888
the
to
all the
These
in the
show
backed
were
heavy penaltiesfor
play known
in their demands
louder
became
and
game;
that
the
was
serious
changes
ties
authori-
by
power
for
given
forms
of
have
resulted
one
season's
referees
were
more
their demands.
the
improving and simplifying
has been
going on steadilyby piecemeal legislation
the date of the introduction
of the word
immediately
the law for putting the ball down
when
tackled, to
have alreadyreferred.
To
take only a few of the
we
of scoringhas been
important instances,the method
process
revolutionized.
entirely
of
"
"
At
firstit was
necessary
to
score
THE
goal
in order
drawn
many
by
but
ties,school
was
was
important to bring to
delay. Accordingly various
devised
for such
into law
them
the
upon
that
old
school
be
to
by
so
match
scored,
was
tries.
of
inadequate for
cup
which
games
conclusion
for
; but
to
number
other
any
win
goal
any
schemes
purposes
sanctityof
over
led
system
no
definite
resisted
were
the
players of
legal to
and
was
were
made
found
house-matches
39
this
provided
soon
LAWS.
; but
still paramount
concession
This
tries
of
goal was
one
match
that it
games
majority
win
to
THE
OF
REFORM
it
without
scoring by points
all
proposals to make
committee, partlybecause
the
objected
to
encroachment
any
the
goal,whether
placed or dropped,
of selectinga scheme
difficulty
able
accept-
partlybecause of the
stillmore
because
all such proposals
to a majority,and
tainted by assigning a value to minor
were
points. Minor
the
points are
encouraged.
be
This
that
of
of
to
and
goal ;
at
and
the last
way
placed half-
ordinary goal
an
to
that
of
try.
our
any
converted
into
goal one
the value
of
goal
ahead
it deserves
All readers
of
"
into
the
aim
constant
case-law
Tom
Brown
which
goal.
of the
decisions and
"
two
try, whether
leave
would
ties ; but
count
to
for
would
This
in the modern
be
point
one
others, and
of all
in cup
even
would
scheme
not.
or
of technicalities
its conversion
points
goal,and
sort
point
minor
ideal
opinion the
points for
number
counting
for
excuse
in
value
not
eventuallyaccepted,by
was
equal
such, are
as
scale
make
any
made
were
play,and,
compromise
three tries
which
of bad
results
placed
give to
try
game.
will have
used
These
committee
to
some
lie between
technicalities
to
idea
a
of the
try and
it has been
minimize, both
The
by speciallegislation.
cumbrous
by
RUGBY
40
alternative of
punting out
the laws
thereby reduced
At
the
were
time
same
connection
and
made
firstbad
one.
line the
first
second
bringinga
the
in number
from
stroke,and
sixtyto fifty.
forbidden
were
score
law
the
second
to
which
goal-posts,
In
ball out
between
the
the
to
to
was
touchscore
undoubtedly
was
times
recent
more
nearer
was
game.
it was
because
for
the
the
upon
the old
Under
near
at one
had grown
which
tactics,
up in
charge,were therebynipped in the bud,
impossibleto
try
swept away
unfair
with the
it was
was
attackingside
the
various
charge,and
FOOTBALL
UNION
posts has
the
blot
against
law
been
withdrawn,
felt that
wretched
mark
ball
the
the
removal
should
relic of barbarism
who
againstthe
cases
down
be
the
maul
for all.
gives a
fair
advancing the
The
game.
We
"
simplest way
by making
have
to
the
maul
regard a
opening to
brute-force
of
decide
would
be which
have
that mauls
firmlyconvinced
are
as
the enemy
"
argument
abolishingthem
tacklingapply to
ordinarylaws for
behind
the goal-line.The
ball would
then
directlyit was
fairlyheld, and all that the
would
the
which
tires of
never
would
once
we
is to
side
to which
as
uncertainty
of all
side
was
be
put
referee
entitled to
or
not.
THE
Some
the
years
law
considered
facts of
the
consciences
in
this
adopt
that
addition.
no
could
be
most
authorities
in
wonders
which
the
the
was
principlethat
the
side
shall
penalty which
any
forego,and
to
and
scrummage
free kick
that
trust
have
we
nothing
at
the
been
alia
of
are
pick
the
out
this
A.
references
all the
condense
to
the
happens
all
numbers
worked
the game,
mage
scrum-
from
its
option of
not
forcing
en-
their advantage
to
choice
the
between
when
they have
it desirable
positionmakes
the greater
said
penalty.
enough to show
made
This
draftsmen
success.
definitions
and
but, in
incorporate
to
be
to
Butterworth
with
position
op-
benefit
all occasions
chapter.
K.
task
beginning;
side the
already been
undertake
taken
which
in the
code
beginning of
to
proved
it has
derive
never
or
now
it has
game,
entirelyrecastingthe
attempted by
there
to
short
the blot of
remove
on
to choose
order,when
been
by giving them
if wind
the latter,
right to
We
men's
the offence.
other
it
of
kick, from
free
of
interruptions
to
of
out
deciding
knock-on
the
on
has
care
mistakes,by givingthe
own
such
that he had
Lastly,the greatest
judges
penalty of
constant
made
in
do
to
because
penalties,
new
cut
reluctant
players were
time, and still stronger
scored,for
stopping the
41
line-out,because
enough
being
the
the
at
had
Some
at
LAWS.
"
on
play,without
of the best of
one
they
THE
deliberately was
goal
opinion of
the
"
knocking
improvement
was
which
OF
word
the
ago
relatingto
referees
the
REFORM
by
has
W.
the
now
already
Cail, and
committee
would
They
are
referred
we
revision
on
laws, but
will suffice to
which
and
that
inter
scattered
togetherconciselyat the
penalties into a single law, with
put them
of the
laws
for the
infringement
kU"BY
42
of
which
at
the
end
their
fair catches
they
play,
and
The
generally
game
which
catches,
into
in
are
essential
way
of
the
to
the
game
and
one,
the
that
kicks;
game,
the
rather
free
of
claiming
abolition
the
behalf
bit
for
is
now
number,
duction
intro-
bad
in
ot
satisfy even
to
succession
mere
the
this
spare
danger
their
no
for
variety
The
reducing
of
means
sufficient
appetite.
develop
to
whole
their
on
opportunities
many
afford
well
can
since
urged
in
laws
retention
pleasing variety
so
provide
kicks
may
a
have
teams
is
It
them
the
the
weight
their
punishment
they produce
voracious
most
as
surviving
for
arguments
of
repeating
eliminate
probably
kicks.
act
of
the
arrange
much
free
penalty
that
penalty
as
lost
kicks, they
free
of
catches.
that
now
law
and
have
of
that
such
sequence,
fair
of
inflicted, instead
be
each
of
proper
system
but
could
they
FOOTBALL.
UNION
and,
fair
of
is
worthy
consideration.
feel
We
could
hope
attain
to
which
to
stability of
no
players
ultimate
laws
hesitation
in
and
referees
gain which
of
on
clear
carrying
their
to
into
the
revision
alike,
woulr1
accrue
half.
We
the
ball
game
that
be
to
far
the
laws
never
can
cause
be-
Code,
and
but
for
we
ling,
tack-
might
worthy
more
the
cause
the
Persians,
and
would
would
lines
shape
Medes
predicting
these
Association
the
of
code
our
the
such
for
foreign
put
which
by
brevity
provide
both
are
fairlyexpect
have
to
working
bulk
the
to
have
by
in
reduced
be
we
the
that
sure
and
temporary
in
the
game.
we
fusion,
con-
minds
outweighed
ot
by
ot
the
EFFECT
THE
THE
EFFECT
WHEN
OF
few
PROFESSIONALISM.
OF
CHAPTER
XI.
PROFESSIONALISM
ON
years
ago
footstepsof
they stood on
the
in the
43
RUGBY
THE
GAME.
the brink
in ruin.
And,
that
now
plough,
we
they
eminent
though
so
in
article
his
have
to
that
there
view.
throw
up
is not
They
football
on
that
prophesied
they will
that
task
completed the
an
authorityas
rest
once
assured
rest
can
have
it is
only
the sponge
a
Mr.
in the
a
of
For,
Shearman,
Montagu
Series, has
time,
I
struggle,
singlecommittee-man
them.
before
to
pause
Badminton
question
in this
never
the
to
when
confident
am
who
they
shares
great deal
that
of latent
gripIn my
on
as
they have
begun
; if
RUGBY
44
the
UNION
FOOTBALL.
clubs
same
committees,
in
continued
allowed
which
has
the
offenders,which
should
task
before
be
sentimentality
sentences
passed on
false
no
inflicted
fearlessly
be
ultimate
their side.
be
Professionalism
creasin
inand
rendered
be
with
and
is assured
success
would, however,
them
county
in the past, be
them
rigour of
the
then their
severity,
is doomed.
professionalism
The
if
future ; and
interfere with
to
accorded
been
and
would
measurab
im-
itself unanimously
then, I believe,
the effect of
deductions
ever
palpable,that
so
sport ?
of
It
seems
from
conception of which
should
one
profession,
earn
livelihood.
the true
I venture
of
essence
Rivalry in
by
in any
excellence
devoted
the standard
at
The
historyare,
none
to
fail to be
can
length we
those
who
cultivation.
is
pastime
find
that
anomaly
an
men
in sport,
distinguished
as
in order
engaged
to
to
very
time
statistics and
from
game.
the
to one
on
question that naturallyoccurs
did
of an
is, How
inquiry into professionalism
in
institution as professionals
to be such an
come
branch
and
Rugby
first
there
The
the
on
of their cogency.
threshold
any
plainand
so
convinced
The
be derived
to
mind,
my
its admission
the
to
of
its turn
art
devote
This
at
begets a
is
it.
As
their whole
means
rivalryit
for
excellence,
the amount
on
the
art
genders.
en-
of
develops,so
being continually
raised,until
perfectionwhich
last
desire
mainly depends
pursuitof
excellence
reach
sport is the
athletic
time
can
only
and
the devotion
be attained
energiesto
of
its
life; and
EFFECT
THE
there
being
which
is
income
an
d'etre of
but
eliminate
never
this factor
from
while
been
which
has
his agency
by
what
show
often
If you
it would
calculation,
denied
his
introduction
he
that
be hard
has
has
often
and
viz. that
and
time
follows
remarks
these
is
profession,
who
amateur
approached.
been
out
with-
of
degraded and
his whole
his
them
sport,
which
attained,and
benefit
be
means
indisputableaxiom,
gives up
have
the
it cannot
the
is
other
corollary,which
The
45
can
would
to
worked,
who
PROFESSIONALISM.
his agency
indeed
few
which
excellence
OF
cceterisparibus the
this
who
man
and makes
energiesto athletics,
the superiorof the
to become
bound
them
as
for his
recreation
leisure
moments.
To
the
see
have
only to
earthlychance
The
reason
our
except in cricket,amateurs
that
Why,
find ?
you
to
turn
with
professionals.
that
the
best
in cricket
professionals
do.
cricket as professionals
with
devote
same
do
stand
no
their
own
much
call
most
and
professionals
especial
category of athletics,
to
the whole
amateurs
it is the
of time, and
amount
What
wish
which
to
game
is that
hold
can
you
one
game
which
I
the
one
amateurs
of
demonstrated,
practically
of this
truth
they are
the game
which
able to
of the
of
the advocates
invariablycite,in
system
in
two
order
to
classes
nor
show
works.
do
in
professionalism
how
well
They
they seem
do
the
is
football
conjoined
to
pause
to realize that if the
not
UNION
RUGBY
46
cricketers
best amateur
FOOTBALL.
of the two
We
Rugby
that
advance
now
the
What
the
follows ?
The
have
his
axiom
our
bound
to
for
business
avocations
playing oftener,and
will not
allow
him
will
to
the
outstripand
His
leisure for
in
conjunction
instance,
legitimatized
professionalism.
will play'as
he does at present,
amateur
Saturday afternoon.
each
apply
will suppose,
We
amateur.
Union
Rugby
step, and
the
impracticable.
professionalis
The
game.
behind
leave
former, and
competitors become
as
can
the
outclass
soon
very
were
week.
at
the game,
and
sufficient
professional
He
will prevent
every
day
get thoroughly
by regular practicetogether,
professionals,
will become
The
as
smoothly co-ordinated as a machine.
will look on
the game
amateur
as
affordinghim exercise
the professionalas providing him
and recreation,
with the
fit.
of
deteriorates,or
the
eyes,
livelihood,which
of
means
form
of
team
art
and
he
is
will vanish
supplanted by
contingencieswhich
"
cannot
fail to
the
act
as
will be
a
his
moment
better exponent
always
before
perpetual stimulus
his
to
excel.
Under
will be ?
such
The
conditions
can
any
will be
doubt
one
what
the result
heavilyhandicapped to
classed.
keep on terms, and in a brief period will drop behind outOld clubs, with splendid records, will gradually
recede
into obscurity. The
interest which
rounded
formerly surtheir doings will graduallyfade away, and the fickle
brilliant
public will transfer their patronage to their more
like success, and nothing devastates
rivals. Nothing succeeds
like disaster.
amateur
Disheartened
amateur
unequal struggle,
too
by defeat,and
clubs will
one
by
outclassed
one
drop
in
an
away,
EFFECT
THE
until at
OF
PROFESSIONALISM.
football will be
length Rugby
which
course
they
have
events
47
popular profession,
the
sole
instructive
in the Association
run
professionalism.Theories
sanctioned
facts incontestable
; and
however
relics of
strong
an
than
game
the
the
since
disputable,
opinion in favour
are
the
names
1872. Wanderers
"
and
Royal Engineers.
and Oxford
University.
1873. Wanderers
1874. Oxford Universityand Royal Engineers.
1875. Royal Engineers and
1876.
Wanderers
and
Old
Old
Etonians.
Etonians.
University.
and Royal Engineers.
1878. Wanderers
1879. Old Etonians and Clapham Rovers.
1880.
Clapham Rovers and' Oxford University.
1877. Wanderers
88
1.
1882.
Oxford
and
Old
Carthusians
Old
Etonians
Old
and
and
Etonians.
Blackburn
Old
Rovers.
Etonians.
1883. Blackburn
Olympic
1884. Blackburn
Rovers
and
Queen's
Park.
1885.
Blackburn
Rovers
and
Queen's
Park.
1886.
Blackburn
Rovers
and
West
1887.
Aston
Villa and
and
West
Bromwich
Bromwich
Albion.
Albion.
RUGBY
4S
Bromwich
West
1888.
UNION
FOOTBALL.
Albion
and
Preston
North
and
Preston
1883, no
Wanderers
1889. Wolverhampton
End.
North
End.
that
significant
Is it not
club has
amateur
gettinginto
competitionthe preliminaryties
this
In
in
succeeded
that it is
so
districts,
only
in
the
that
the year
Taking
which
qualifiedfor
in which
Carthusians
Old
the
shuffled,
sixth
the
where
the
vivors
sur-
I find
1887-88,
was
classified into
are
be drawn.
comparison can
line of
later ones,
English
in the
fifth
round,
are
round
that
club
only amateur
againsttwelve
as
were
who
thirteen
or
clubs.
professional
The
in the
victors
sixth
round
the
were
amateur
same
left to be
professional
; the final tie was
elevens.
fought out between two professional
I find,moreover,
not one
that,except the Old Carthusians,
and
team
of the
seven
clubs,whose
amateur
in
recent
more
above, has
names
appear
in
gettinginto
years
ceeded
suc-
semi-final
the
ties.
I find that the most
is Preston
time
composed
which
can
of amateur
End
North
eleven
Corinthians,an
talent,skimmed
from
clubs have
way
into
not
the
in
England
eleven
an
and
that
professionals,
be pittedagainst it with
their
"
of
is the
success
powerful club
at
almost
the
only
any
reasonable
composed
number
the present
entirely
amateur
team
hope
of the
of
cream
of clubs.
less
numberprofessionalism,
only sprung into being,but have forced
front rank, displacingtheir amateur
of
predecessors.
I find
a
that, coincident
with
correspondingdecadence
their progress,
of the
gentlemen, and
that
so
EFFECT
been
rapid has
that
by
and
one
49
themselves
Association
clubs
professional
foremost
which, if
banded
rupture with
ever
took
alreadyselected
are
to
compete
and
grows
clubs who
mooted
have
institution which
league, an
and
astonishingly,
legs and
other,
of the executive.
members
And
OF
the
thrives
PROFESSIONALISM.
THE
the
its
of
own
twenty
are
this
"
only recentlybeen
admitted.
It is not
that
often
advocate
an
pictureof
decadence
the
of
rise of
as
present
can
so
vivid
an
whole
its
professionalism,
amateurism
is
placed
data.
And
these,you
must
The
professionalism.
yet, but if his growth in
bear in
child
of
past, I do
rough
My
time before
contention
mainly, if
not
were
importantto
other
but
the
fulfilsthe
"
say that
earlydays
that he is born
promisesof
amateurism
"
has
the
very
it.
become
being, then, that Rugby would
if profesa
exclusively,
professional
sionalism
game,
recognized, it is in the highest degree
and
pause
branches
are
scarcelyknows
the future
hesitate to
not
mind,
consider
what
athletics where
of
has
been
the
fate of
professionalshave
dominated
pre-
independentexistence.
Without
in
exceptionthe corrupt element has invariably
time gained the upper hand, and has crippledand depraved
the sport, or killed it outright.
English professional
rowing,once the best in the world,
or
had
an
RUGBY
50
UNION
administered
men
had
to
to
row
Professional
FOOTBALL.
dead
as
when
bookmakers
order
and
running
walking,
be
afford
the
precisely
same.
is
it suits his
only
when
Even
football
match.
bettors attend
and
would
and
be
remain
would
are
would
You
find
able
that
tarnished
would
sport, and
I
years
not
degraded
put forth
these
ago, and
they
"
the
We
one
venture
to
sport,
so
as
every
were
able
pure
them
form
of
other
their
Mr.
by
to find
their
their intervention,
branch
of
less
by
Mr.
has
professional
disreputeand
decadence.
elaborately,some
in his
Shearman
following terms
Budd, because
know,
assuredly
retain
to
in which
the
"
in cricket,
amateurs
and
tion
conjunc-
improved
least causing
has
tainly
Cer-
attained
have
would
branches,
depravity which
the
criticised
we
professional
surroundings?
you
them
escape
differ from
far
Is there
year.
that you
Series in the
tant
impor-
an
in other
; but
views, though
were
it
unprecedented excellence,that
keep
to
on
football
such
is
of bookmakers
of the
doubt
amateurs
and
and
gaffer,"
betted
the
betting,
win.
must
large army
great gates
your
them,
and
no
"
his
that
decay
of
their
for
cause
his compeer
than
find
draw
unless
football
that
hitherto
to
equalitywith
The
impervious to
his admission
you
machine
great matches
being
purer
not.
by
the
supposing
for
reason
any
Already
ebb
an
discontinue
to
pocket that he
of pounds are
by
gone
low
so
has
Every sprinter
thousands"
now
to
to-morrow.
corpse
in years
admirable
an
backers, and
became
to win.
not
and
its death-blow
and
mutton,
as
the game,
EFFECT
THE
would
It
for
wrong
forced
by
could
we
with
rule to
any
well
where
game,
with
but
those
is
there
b.ut
players.
Union
authorities
Were
gentlemen
they disliked,
need
Nor
in
tie,is
cup
the
club
it chooses.
national
no
no
desert
to
from
whom
opponents
him
agree
clubs
any
meet
51
gentlemen
were
as
soon
PROFESSIONALISM.
strange indeed
be
as
game
OF
the
there
play
ever
Rugby
moral
any
'
"
The
football;and
The
effect of
beneath
prefera
we
so,
to
ever
Rugby
at
Union
so.
; but
So
if ever
far
more
than
'gates' of matches
with, professionalismeither
the
we
are
the
open
or
will,in
our
opinion,remain
of
with
be made
bruta
out
what
secret
the
Rugby
sport if the
sympathy
know
who
few
very
out
can
clubs
to
there
the
of
do
will
Rugby Union
fulmina, and
so."
Shearman
the
still confess
for the
money
drive
to
says that he
liberal sums
for
are
in
pay.
and
money
well
be
be
must
there
present
it will doubtless
remain
only
we
equally
begins to
receives
who
will be
once
money
opportunityof making
football,and
case
plays for
'gentleman'
However,
expenses.
any
who
man
it
surface ; and
the
tried to suppress
Union
Rugby
suppress
movement
have
in vain
if
professionalism,
would
such legislation
to
does
Tudor
vain
that
and
of Lancaster
houses
common
RUGBY
52
alreadyshown,
is
Cricket
and
hour
which
game
half.
much
as
The
success
conjunction of
to
are
professionals
as
able
to
such
Shearman
Mr.
they
written
have
and
Association
us
make
that
during
amateurs
can
Mr.
to
share
of
of
his
is,of
play them,
he
would
article to-day,
in
events
It is
would
no
have
take
the
news
left to
it,but
the
which
the
skeleton
the
entitled
to
his
own
opinion
struggle. I do not
ever,
howthe regulations,
of the present
Union
not
are
mere
bruta
testified
clubs
who
what
to
derive
do
show
the
more
with.
Rugby Union,
would
by
and
money
The
out
Bradford
of
is richer
they
than
last
the
is
no
know
the
clubs
Northern
of many
hundreds.
According to Mr.
the bank-books
balance
of gates than
club
is
fulmina
vigorousproceedingswhich in the
been
taken
two
against the suspects, and
years have
followed.
He
have
suspensions and penaltieswhich
further entirely
when
he supposes
that there are
in error
amply
competitors,but
they
forebodings. That
Rugby
moved.
re-
once
spared.
course,
probable upshot
gloomy
of
own
Nothing,
professionalismhad
the
of
from
field
at
not
years.
their
choose
a
be
If
of the
one
whether
progress
of
that
writinghis
decayed amateurism,
Shearman
the
doubt
were
the
sort
their selection
residuum
havoc
if he
game
questionis,What
the
as
this remark
carefullystudied
had
to
much
exist.
not
need
amateurs
I very
to.
care
the two
are
professionals
that
contends
next
because
institution,
harmless
unless
of
state
one
gentlemen by playing
retain their equality.
things could
the equalitycould
be preserved,I admit
would
great objectionsto professionalism
football
In
I have
parallelexists.
no
is,I repeat,due
classes
cricket,whereas, as
drawing a parallelfrom
of
error
FOOTBALL.
UNION
THE
EFFECT
Shearman's
these
must
go
back
be
the
know
we
once
more,
that
if
became
case,
would
executive
new
PROFESSIONALISM.
theory,professionals
ought
balances, but
To
OF
Union
they have
when
and
have
from
grown
not.
admitted
necessarilyensue,
her troubles
through
to have
as
professionalism,
experienced rulers,who
and
53
contend
predominant,
successfullysteered
for many
years
and
the
succeeded
entrusted
their
to
preservingthe traditions which were
keeping,would be supplanted by a wholly new order of men,
who would
feel themselves
fettered by the historyof the
not
policyit would be impossible to foretell.
past, and whose
There
is,however, a totallydifferent standpoint from
in football.
which
I condemn
professionalism
in
is not
It
game
like
cricket, which
affords
sufficient
part of
man's
would
time
still remain
it is also
But
lasts.
years, and
many
game
after his
at
unutilized.
life of idleness
which
while
it
play
cannot
man
is finished
career
The
it leads to
have
dangers
striven
of
in the
and
one
expense
of
tend
con-
is indefensible.
advantage only
would
the
amateurism
and
you
the
you
would
obtain
by
obtain
sacrifice of
its
it at
purity.
RUGBY
54
is
Excellence
existence
of
its
ability
to
its
constitution.
offering
the
four
some
no
doubt
true
sport
hiring
the
who
season
by
believe
their
that
No
game.
with
player
will
traditions
an
body
of
not
innovation
unsullied
the
available
most
than
they
hope
as
which
reputation
that
fit
the
see
of
circus
the
talent
for
the
in
both
great
for
impair
Rugby
and
the
the
they
game
past,
and
the
to
game.
and
of
on
the
qualities
I
clude
con-
football
magnificent
and
place
vitality
and
every
with
experiment,
offers,
that
future
these
displayed
have
which
question
consider,
to
ever
opportunity
of
to
of
element
of
case
depends
that
subject
will
fail
the
monentous
had
ever
has
recollect
hesitate,
best
the
vanity
salaries.
rulers
earnest
is not
in
determination
and
the
is
have
conspicuously
more
will
this
Union
firmness
the
highest
the
than
from
team
but
team,
into
able, by
the
professionals
more
any
engages
paying
Rugby
the
victorious
being
flatters
It
on
element
invincible
an
dependent
in
fine
the
even
corrupt
so
champion
of
in
comes
proprietor
farm
to
of
globe
important
more
been
has
collect
to
no
as
one,
sometimes
sport
there
the
of
quarters
in
is
what
all,
minor
very
and
introduction
the
biggest bribe,
the
that
of
teaches
prosperity
branch
resist
but
history
for
the
every
after
And,
purity,
that
than
lesson
desideratum,
with
compared
FOOTBALL.
UNION
that
their
heel
tarnish
they
on
the
APPENDIX.
THE
RUGBY
FOOTBALL
UNION.
BYE-LAWS.
That
1.
the
UNION,"
all
General
the
Union
least
at
the
No
selection
of
elected
Union
be
such
Club
belonging
4.
Club
of
the
all
is.,
Clubs
5.
month
Laws,
of
That
of
and
officers
6.
That
ex-offido
of
preceding
such
annual
purpose.
conform
to
to
to
been
the
on
Sub-
of
being
by
the
on
Rules
the
seconded
and
attended
vote
act
before
who
have
they
to
but
proposed
election
chosen
been
the
admission.
on
due
in
been
not
be
for
March,
other
the
admitted,
Clubs
two
for
the
aU
officers
the
the
ensuing
be
or
at
be
year,
elected
and
by
Fee
Entrance
an
whose
Club
of
scription
Sub-
Meeting
General
the
held
of
month
each
List.
consideration
the
of
Subscriptions
Any
Union
Meetings
with
advance,
Annual
before
off
in
is.t
The
October.
paid
struck
General
two
"i
be
Union,
in
payable
Subscription,
fall
shall
the
that
Committee
entitled
be
to
Presidents
past
the
which
to
shall
has
he
duly
to
shall
March,
All
quorum.
Members
membership,
for
Annual
payable
has
in
add
to
power
Union.
belonging
"i
form
and
Secretary,
with
fifteen,
consist
annually,
Hon.
willing
be
the
to
That
for
eligible
must
Presidents,
Meetings
Club
elected
be
of
unless
any
shall
President
past
teams
Committee
That
who
Committee
two
summoned.
3.
year
where
London,
held.
be
to
be
BALL
FOOT-
RUGBY
in
be
head-quarters
Vice-
seven
shall
during
have
shall
"THE
be
Society
Committee
number
the
its
two
and
Treasurer,
of
the
Officers,
President,
their
and
Meetings
That
2.
of
of
that
name
annually,
of
the
October,
other
ballot.
business.
in
one
Bye-laws
for
the
the
and
election
56
UNION
RUGBY
7. That
only
to
each
Club
entitled
be
send
to
exclusive
Meeting,
General
FOOTBALL.
representative
one
of
the
of the
Officers
Union.
8. That
Hon.
the
Special General
requisitionto that e/fect,
shall
Sec.
convene
added
or
thirds of those
That
10.
to, without
at
present
each
Club
General
Laws
expulsion
That
11.
the
from
Laws
with
amendment
three
weeks
advertised
That
sheet
sent
to
hands,
2.
each
be
Club
OF
of the
seconder
placed
keeping it at
Bye-laws
in
of
case
liable
be
to
either, in
Union, together
of every
such
in
the
Meeting
RUGBY
Union.
in October.
OF
AS
FOOTBALL,
UNION.
FOOTBALL
from
the
it rises.
-very instant
is made
by kicking the
nick
made
in the
ground
rest.
PUNT
is made
3. A
by lettingthe ball fall from
and
it
kicking beforeit touches the ground.
Each
two-
it the
KICK
PLACE
to
GAME
is made
kicking
audited, and
General
THE
the
belonging to
belonging
THE
KICK
DROP
been
Bye-laws
Clubs
accounts
BY
and
of the
alteration
or
and
the
to
sent
LAWS
the
or
callingthe
PLAYED
1.
copy
and
proposer
alteration,be given in
the
the notices
THE
amendment
the
altered,
least
at
thereof
12.
with
bound
be
any
Game
of
or
amendment
notice
of
notice
names
of
thereby ;
by any Club, such Club
Union, at a General Meeting.
the
of the
the
shall be
consent
five
than
Meeting.
furnished
be
and
of the Game,
wilful infringementthereof
and
the
less
not
the
hands
ceeding
upright posts, exfeet
the ground, and
feet in height from
ii
placed 18
from
the
6 inches apart, with a cross-bar
feet
10
ground.
the ball from
A
GOAL
be
obtained
can
kicking
by
only
5.
the field of play direct (i.e.
without
touching the ground, or the
dress or person of any player of cither side)over
the cross-bar
4.
GOAL
shall
be
composed
of two
APPENDIX.
of
the
the
or
posts
or
of kick
kind
6. A
his
not
except
is
TRY
if the
; but
not
goal-posts,it is
the
57
goal.
it touches
ball
cross-bar
directlyover
goes
goal
such
either
be obtained
may
by
of
any
punt.
when
gained
player touches
the
ball down
in
opponent's goal.
shall be decided
7. A match
shall equal three
points, with
from
kick
awarded
points, and
two
equal,
or
drawn.
try
When
the
of
way
point.
one
kicked
be
goal
no
by
by
penalty,
If the
shall
number
of
equal
points be
shall be
try obtained, the match
goal is kicked from a try the goal only is
or
scored.
ball is dead
8. The
the
when
it
absolutelymotionless
rests
on
ground.
is when
a player,putting his hand
9. A TOUCH-DOWN
the ball on the ground in goal, stops it so that it remains
upon
dead,
fairlyso.
or
or
playersof
more
11.
being
him,
and
ball
field of
all who
endeavour
to
drive
to
direction
be
to
ceases
scrummage
the
it in
of the
oppositeside.
takes
place when
the
SCRUMMAGE
in the
the holder
is when
TACKLE
10.
of
scrummage
the
ball is held
holder
by
of the
one
ball,
the
ground in front of
their respective sides
on
back, and by kicking the
on
the
opposite goal-line.
when
the
ball is in touch
goal.
or
player may
bounding, except in
13.
order
to
bring it out
in
for any
goal)
scrummage.
to take
up
lawful
It is not
after it has
purpose
unlawfullytaken
it is
take
12.
the
been
ball when
(exceptin
dead
touched-down
rolling or
in touch
or
; whenever
it shall at once
whatever
be brought back to
up
down.
there put
where
it was
taken
so
up, and
the ball with
lawful to touch
it
is
In
not
a
14.
scrummage,
whatever.
the hand
under
If,in the opinion
any circumstance
of the Referee, any player shall,in a scrummage,
intentionally
claim from
either handle
fall down, he shall,on
the ball or
a
been
the
so
in accordance
with
15. It is lawful
it,and
the
if he
ball until
touches
does
he
it down,
Law
for
so
free-kick,such
free-kick
to
be taken
44.
gets behind
it is called
his
a
ball
to
run
player runs
opponent's goal-lineand
RUN-IN.
with
with
there
It is lawful
1 6.
anywhere
run-in
to
FOOTBALL.
UNION
RUGBY
58
the
across
goal-line.
Referee, he
being
claim
from
19. A
in accordance
MAUL
44.
the ball
side
opposing
are
players only who
the
begins, and
maul
their
retain
Law
is when
of the
one
Those
when
with
GOAL
IN
goal-lineand
down.
hand
not
has
taken
be
to
has
the
on
touch, may
touched-down, where
for
in the
continue
endeavours
touching
then
inside
is held
so
maul.
the
the
it
touch
to
ball with
long only
as
the
they
ball shall
The
be
maul
the
is
first had
began, unless
the hold of all parties
of it,or unless it has escaped from
in
shall
which
latter
it
event
belong to the defending side.
engaged,
TOUCH
GOAL.
IN
20.
(See Plan.) Immediately the ball,
of a player or not, goes into touch in goal,
in the hands
whether
of the game,
and must
be brought out
deadoxA
out
it is at once
and
Laws
as
38.
provided by
37
if he enters
x~
21.
Every player is ON-SIDE, but is put OFF-SIDE
/ a scrummage
from
his opponent's side, on being in a scrummage
/ gets in front of the ball, or when
the ball has been
kicked,
/ touched, or is being run with by any of his own
him
side behind
(
between
himself
his
and
own
(i.e.
goal-line).No player can be
maul
off-side in his
4
I
/
/
I
22.
been
or
run
person
or
behind
touch
the
obstruct
may
claim
or
(2) a
before
When
are
with
scrummage
the offence
any
or
having
he is
at
44
the
where
such
spot where
case
any
off-side,the opposite
free-kick
off-side
the
interrupt
In
he
shall
and
of the game,
in any way
or
(i) a free-kick,such
Law
ball
to
play
was
be
taken
occurred
last
played
occurred.
player
off-side may
out
either
in accordance
the ball
whatever,
is again on-side.
case
player until
any
either with
off-side is
ball in any
player wilfullytouches
side
of him
him.
23.
not
in front
run
it when
kicked
\^
side has
own
goal.
own
run,
has
or
who
of the opponents
ball, none
attempt to tackle,or otherwise interrupt
the
APPENDIX.
player,until
such
if any
who
yards
has
his
taken
or
Law
44
(2)
; or
played
before
24. THROWING
the ball to throw
to
any
the
be
at
the
his kick.
But
claim
may
in accordance
the
spot where
either
with
ball
was
occurred.
It is lawful
his
side,who
rules
side
taken
to
towards
own
taken
or
in any way
interferes with
such opponent
has run
five
opposite
scrummage
the offence
BACK.
with
accordance
the
free-kick
of his
player
tackles,
or
kick,
it back
yards
ball before
the
(i) a free-kick,such
last
five
run
off-side
when
player
opponent
an
has
he
59
for any
player who
goal, or
own
is at the
to
time
pass
behind
has
it back
him,
in
of on-side.
thrown
26.
there
on, and
30.
A
FAIR
is
throw
where
the
he
made
has
from
on
CATCH
forward, or
provided the catcher
a
put down.
it be knocked
Unless
Law
i.e.
ON,
throw
catch
made
knock
makes
the
by
on
a
mark
catch, and
of
out
one
with
touch, when
direct
of
from
the
his
kick
or
opposite side,
heel
other of his
no
vide
at
the
spot
side touch
own
ball.
fair
catch, must
punt, or place the
a
to
be
made
in
the
of
the
ball
to
his
with
thence
the
return
providedby
the
it into
spot where
the
the
field of
Law.
the following
line
play
was
in
so
one
crossed, and
of
the
modes
60
UNION
RUGBY
FOOTBALL.
of his own
himself,or by one
side,either
then run
field of play and
with it,kick
side ; or (2) throw
it out
at right
it,or throw it back to his own
angles to the touch-line ; or (3) walk out with it at right angles
less thanyft'"?
distance not
than
to the touch-line,any
or
more
fifteenyards, and there put it down, first declaring how far he
28. He
walk
to
If two
more
or
shall
it in the
of
hold
hold
out.
ball
touch, the
had
ball in the
the
intends
29.
then
must
(1)bound
If the ball be
at
may
If on
the
claim
once
the
cannot
count
ball
either
(i)
with
shall be
the knock
goal
or
occurred.
on
out
of touch
is
not
of the field of
centre
opposite side
stand
must
kicked.
If the ball
on,
free-
spot where
count
to
the
at
44
not
place-kick from
as
a goal. The
knocked
free-kick,such
Law
free-kick
spot where
when
is
KICK-OFF
least ten
may
in accordance
made
the
touch
claim
at
scrummage
31. A catch
fair catch.
play,and
from
out
it out
occurred, such
on
(2) a
32.
bring
to
taken
be
to
knock
at
his
thrown
not
throw-out
opposite side
kick
first
of it.
30.
the
into
to
have
be behind
the ball
again. The kicker's side must
when
kicked-off,and in case of infringement the Referee shall,
claim
to be formed
on
a
by the oppositeside,order a scrummage
in the centre
of the ground.
of
ball shall be kicked-off
(i) at the commencement
33. The
after
the game
obtained
has
been
after
a
a
goal
; (2)
; (3)
change of goals at half-time.
side shall play from either goal for an equal time.
3-j..Each
The
captainsof the respectivesides shall toss up before
35.
it kicked-off
the
the
36.
has
of
commencement
have
option
changed
at
37.
whose
mode
a
had
touch
of
been
to
in
touch
goal
bringing the
goal. (See
Law
the
ball
the
ball
ball
again
40.)
kick-off
at
the
kick-off.
of the
(Law
play,and
gone
into
not
in their
down
has
shall
toss
of the game
shall then
is a drop kick by one
KICK-OUT
has
goals, or
shall have
of the
winner
the kick-off.
commencement
which
goal
; the
match
of
of choice
Whenever
lost the
the
goal or into
20), and is the
own
cannot
count
as
APPENDIX.
61
be a drop-kick,and
from not
must
than
more
38. KICK-OUT
twenty-fiveyards outside the kicker's goal-line; if the ball when
kicked
claim
out
to
pitch in touch, the opposite side may
kick
be
it kicked-off
If
have
the
if
not
a
or
again.
drop-kick,
than twenty-fiveyards outside the kicker's
the kick be from more
if
the
kicker's
side be not
behind
the ball when
goal-line,or
kicked-out, the Referee
shall,on a claim by the opposite side,
either order another
kick-out,or order the ball to be scrummaged
the kicker's goal-line,
and equiat a spot twenty-fiveyards from
distant
not
from
both
obstruct
such
touch-lines
the
kicker
within
opposite side
twenty-five yards of his
; and
the
may
own
goal-line.
side
in their opponent's
the ball down
having touched
:
goal, shall try at goal by a place-kickin the following manner
of
the
shall
the
in
it
One
to
a
goal-line
bring
players
up
from
the
line
the
where
it
to
touch-lines)
(parallel
straight
spot
was
touched-down, and thence walk out with it in a line parallel
39.
the
touch-lines
to
place it for
distance
such
another
as
thinks
he
proper,
and
there
charge
do
as
soon
as
before
charge
Referee
the
the
ball before
and
Law
it has
the game
been
shall
proceed by
with,
forth-
kick-out,as provided
in
38.
41.
CHARGING,
to
kick
the ball
or
tackle
62
RUGBY
UNION1
FOOTBALL.
obstruct
ball,or
such
running
the
In
42.
obstructing
the
of
event
player
player illegallytackling,charging,or
the
opponent,
any
Referee
shall,on
free-kick
a
opposite side, award
such
free-kick
to be
place,
the
at
offence took
Law
is himself
ball.
the
at
unless
opponent,
any
such
claim
from
where
spot
the
in accordance
taken
with
44.
oppositeside adjudge
taken
shall be
ball
the
where
at
touch-down.
point on
any
when
was
place,parallelwith
of
43. In case
and
charge from
The
line
the
such
the touch
unfair
kick
in
of
case
passing through
play or interference
the
try
spot
took
line.
charge
not
until it has
Referee
kicked.
been
In
of
case
ment
infringe-
any
claim
side
to
taken
be
shall
Law
26, it
entitled
being
take
to
been
manner
understood
his kick
a
In
awarded.
in the
made
has
player who
f
it has
which
kick
shall,on
that
shall
respects
the
in
the
be
whence
place
regarded
caution
rough
him
caution, but
warn
off the
for
or
the
always
play,he
foul
offender, and
the
player shall
shall,in
first offence
on
as
second
in every
or
his
with
or
him
warn
offence
case
it shall
to
think fit.
mark
of
have
been
off
without
be his
during suspension,for
any
duty
to
forthwith
report the
shall,in their
the
against him
is
discretion,cither
occurrence
kicker
the
fair catch.
guilty of
all other
such
plays with
period
as
they
APPENDIX.
46. If
Under
other
any
in his
ball down
own
circumstances
player may
touch
the
goal.
FIELD.
THE
OF
PLAN
THE
FIELD
OF
TOUCH
TOUCH
.
PLAY.
A A. A A.
Goal
Lines.
...
Lines.
Touch
TT.TT.
...
PP. PP.
...
QQ.QQ.
in
The
Touch
The
field of
Lines
breadth, and
Goal
and
play should
should
be
not
as
Goal
Posts.
Touch
in Goal.
...
should
Lines
exceed
near
1 10
be
cut
out
of the turf.
those dimensions
RUGBY
64
47. No
be allowed
HACKING,
nails,iron
plates,
shoes
under
OR
48. In the
HACKING
trippingup,
or
No
to
of his
on
the
shall
wearing projecting
one
percha
part
any
play in a match.
law
being broken, or
of any
of
OVER,
gutta
allowed
case
FOOTBALL.
circumstances.
any
or
shall be
UNION
side
boots
or
irregularity
any
play occurring
part
vided
profor, the opposite side may claim that the ball be taken
back
the breach
of the law or
to the place where
of
irregularity
formed
there.
play occurred, and a scrummage
on
of
either
otherwise
not
two
Umpires shall be appointed and a
49. In all Matches
latter
Referee
the
official
Avith the consent
be chosen
of
must
;
either the respectiveSecretaries or Captains of the contending
Clubs
construction
appeal
the
to
Subject
Referee
placed
Rugby
report immediately
to
Union
any
for such
period as
at
In
Referee
either
Clubs
2.
or
In
Referee
be
shall be
play,and
FOR
THE
AND
two
; the latter
official
the
Rugby
offender,
called
in the
until the
of
case
try
or
GUIDANCE
OF
REFEREES.
Umpires
shall
be
be chosen
must
respectiveSecretaries
or
appointed
with
Captains
amended
the
of the
and
consent
of
contending
bodies.
Match
any
must
that
taken
; and
the
of
out
all Matches
If either
taken
of the
Committee
at
the
decisions
right of
duty
Union
Rugby
No-Side
nor
UMPIRES
1.
the
be
the
REGULATIONS
Adopted
the
discretion,suspend
plays with or against him during suspension,
they shall think fit.
Half-time
50. Neither
held or goes
ball is fairly
fair
challenge
shall,in their
which
Club
the
to
side
shall have
it shall
of his
disputes any
Committee
and
he
Law,
any
Committee.
upon
Union
either
of
Captains
right of appeal
this
to
player who
any
If the
bodies.
or
provided
Umpire raises
he
that
Whenever
if he allows
each
be
allows
Umpire
with
his
it ; if he
he disallows
must
carry
stick,and
the
whistle.
stick
on
does
not
and
not
appeal, it will be
raise his stick,
it shall
an
it.
stick is raised
APPENDIX.
waiting
who
confer
to
has
the
not
to
as
stopped.
If,on the contrary, the Referee does not immediately blow
his whistle,it shall be taken
that he disallows the appeal, and
the game
shall proceed as
though no appeal had been made,
without
further
any
Whenever
his
to
both
left
sticks
are
discretion,shall
own
appeal, and
Appeals
3.
consultation.
be
must
made
immediately after
which
cause
them, otherwise they
Decisions
Umpires and Referee.
if
point
one
4.
The
appeals
Umpires
appeals
made
are
made
are
must
cannot
be
interfere
not
given
may
the proper
at
the
points occur
entertained
be
on
the
it
(a) At " kick-off,"when
players on the side which
"
(b) At
side
the
(c) In
ball when
case
In
the
on
of
any
case
of
"
of
case
kicker's
these
lines,and
(d)
In the
at
duty
the
case
that,the
see
not
are
in
to
see
that the
shall, on
be
to
law
by
the
claim
formed
in the
of the
and
ground,
spot twenty-fiveyards from
fair catch
at
goal, and of
charge before
all
of
the
both
the
the
in
the
touch-
spot where
made.
was
of
he
equi-distantfrom
goal-line,and
case
kick-off"
be
scrummage
the centre
in
"
kick-out
duty
his
the ball when
points,
kick-off"
in
"
to
fair
the
of
event
the
"
to
kicked-out.
when
it shall be his duty
a
catch,
kicker's side are
behind the ball when
of
see
be his
has
it shall
behind
are
that
it is kicked.
to
shall
appeal
an
it is kicked-off.
kick-out,"when
kicker's
unless
game
them.
to
of the
the
than
moment.
in
Referee
interfere except on
must
not
5. The
the Umpires otherwise than in the following cases
front
by
more
try
at
free-kicks,if any
the
the ball touches
defending side
ground, he may, provided the kicker has not taken his
kick,on a claim by the opposite side,disallow the charge.
(e) If in the opinion of the Referee any player shall in a
fall down,
the ball, or
intentionallyhandle
scrummage
if he, being on
the ground, has not
or
immediately got
he
claim
a
again,
shall, on
by the opposite side,
up
of the
award
(/)
In
free-kick.
the event
of any
tackling,charging,
player illegally
F
UNION
RUGBY
FOOTBALL.
a
shall,on
obstructingany opponent, the Referee
free-kick
the
award
at
claim by the oppositeside,
a
spot
where
the offence took place.
(g) If,in the opinion of the Referee, on a claim by the
oppositeside,a try would undoubtedly have been gained
of the defending
but for the unfair play or interference
the
On
other hand, if,
side,he shall adjudge such try.
in his opinion,a try would
undoubtedly not have been
gained but for the unfair play or interference of the
attacking side,he shall,on a claim from the opposite
side,adjudge a touch-down.
he
(/*)If,in the opinion of the Referee, any player,when
tackled and the ball held, has not
has been
immediately
claim
the opposite
he
ball
on
the
a
shall,
by
down,
put
or
side, award
free-kick
the
at
where
spot
offence
the
occurred.
his
by blowing
be taken
blown, it must
all
when
cases
catch
(see Law
heel-mark
In
signifythe granting of a
whistle,without further claim
shall
Referee
(z) The
claim
free-kick,it
or
has
once
be
must
is
is
not
not
been
made
fair catch
the
than
promptly
granted.
for
fair
Referee.
(f) If,in
the
been
has
dead
opinion of the Referee, the ball when
order
shall
a
unfairlybrought into play, he
to
scrummage
In
all the
above
be re-formed.
claim
a
cases
from
any
Umpires
being made,
and
out
with-
interfere
may
without
is
opposite side
the
reference
the
to
"
guiltyof rough
been
either caution
off without
him
second
and
to
Union
any
or
him
caution, but
first
in
offence,or
every
case
warn
on
Committee.
(") It shall be
the
the
duty of
Union
report immediately
who
disputes
player
any
the
with
Captains acting
the Referee
Committee
to
Rugby
decisions,except
any
rightsgiven them in Law 49.
and the Referee
in a scrummage,
a playeris down
(c) When
the
for
considers
it dangerous
to proceed,it shall
game
to
of his
APPENDIX.
be his
duty
is
danger
7. The
delays that
8. The
Referee,
spot where
a
shall be
entertain
the
to
scrummage
occurs,
but it is
with
Law
49, the
an
Umpire
Referee
forthwith
dead
not
or
the
at
simply because
Referee.
or
appointed
not
are
Union
Rugby
Umpire
an
formed
be
on
power
for any
time
extra
it touches
shall
decision
he shall have
allow
refuse
may
The
1886
final,and
sole discretion
touching
his
time-keeper,and
accordance
to
take place.
is dead
whenever
the
the game
be
"
Time
and
may
ball
and
shall
"
his absolute
at
order
over.
Referee
questionof
any
to
67
in
to
any
on
Nov.
I2th,
:"
"
The Committee
find that the practiceof Umpires interfering
in the game, without appeals being made
to them, is so prevalent,
that they deem
it necessary
to call the attention of Players and
'
viz.
1.
"
Wing-players
off-side
must
those
for
heads
the
play comes
rough play (Law 45),if necessary.
The
2.
new
penaltiesfor rough play (Law
decisions
the Referee's
discretion
of
the
sole
the
penaltiesfor
new
(Law 49)
Referee
are
without
45), and
be
to
any
for disputing
inflicted at
claim
being
necessary.
new
penalties for (a) handling the ball
3. The
down
in scrummage
tackling and
(Law 14) ; (b)illegal
or
falling
charging
in
(c}tries
putting the
all to
be
inflicted
reference
to the
opposite side.
4. The
from
new
throw
vitiated
ball down
at
and
Umpires, provided
that
of the
a
claim
Referee
is made
without
by the
on
balls
68
RUGBY
will
46)
(Law
UNION
FOOTBALL.
the
through
come
in
Umpires
the
ordinary
way.
throw
ball
must
the
be
now
of
way
penalty may
free-kick
for
be
now
knock
from
on
of touch.
out
6. The
by
the
brought
it
posts
for
out
try
goal
at
touched-down,
was
in
whether
not.
or
by blowing
7. In the future,the Referee will grant fair catches
his whistle without
reference to the Umpires, and without
any
besides
being necessary
26). If,therefore,the whistle is not
is not granted.
that the claim
taken
the
further claim
fair catch
or
heel-mark
forthwith
blown
When
once
it must
made
(vide
it must
be
for
claim
be
Law
taken, if granted
the Referee.
by
CASE
Points
In
the
pending
LAW.
of
case
a
appeal
an
to an
Commit
Union
Umpire play
shall
tec.
not
cease
decision.
until an
nevertheless
is off-side
run
player who
may
has it.
he
the
but
must
ball,
actuallyhas
stop directly
opponent
A fair catch
direct from
an
can
opponent's
only be made
kick,knock-on, or throw forward, and not from a rebound.
in goal,
ball down
A player can
score
a try by touching the
even
though the ball be dead before he reaches it.
To secure
be touched-down
a try the ball must
by the hand.
A
It is lawful
Leather
are
or
to
make
other
fair catch
projectionson
from
boots
kick-out
kick-off.
or
in the nature
of
spikes
illegal.
The
corner
flagsare
in touch
in
goal,and
the
intermediate
in touch
in
goal
touch, as the case may be, if it strikes them.
of touch
the ball
Since it is the object in a throw
out
to land
crooked
to
at right angles to the touch-line,a ball thrown
out
allow for the wind, but eventuallypitchingstraight,is a straight
sequently
throw.
On the other hand, a ball thrown
out
straight,but subdiverted by the wind, is not a straightthrow.
A player,provided that he is not carrying the ball
(a) may be in touch and yet play the ball with his feet,so
touch-flagsare
or
in touch
; the
ball is therefore
in
"
long as the
ball itself is
not
in touch.
APPENDIX.
be
(")may
the ball
The
in touch
down,
in
goal
long as
so
ball is in touch
blown
back
if it
69
and
yet
score
in
in touch
touch-line
the
crosses
try by touching
goal.
is then
and
into
the
play. A goal is scored if the ball crosses
blown back into play.
be obtained
A
by touching-down a ball which is
try can
motionless
behind the goal-line.
and
bar
So
is then
long
in
"
as
kicker's
try has
In
the
the
on
ball to be
whether
has
been
The
remain
must
be included
the ball until
not
behind
before
the
kicker
has
ball has
the
illegalcharge before
ground for a kick at goal, the
an
Referee
may,
kick, allow
his
taken
; but
not
or
goal shall
at
if the
blown,
shall
game
remain
on
decided.
of
case
whistled
has
side," who
been
the
placed
be
his kick
allow
him
the
stopped whenever
the
charging,
whistling
the whistle
before
a
been
if he
kick.
second
blows
Referee
his
whistle,even
Referee.
man
For
(a)
(b) For
months
(c) For
2.
may
the
the
play
"
county in which
in
county
previousto
the
RUGBY
THE
QUALIFICATIONS.
COUNTY
ON
UNION
1.
BY
AUTHORIZED
REGULATIONS
county
he
which
the time
in which
born, or
was
he
of
he
has
resided
for the
six
playing,or
is
residing at
school
or
UNION
RUGBY
70
FOOTBALL.
for
three
other
any
county.
3. No
same
play for
shall
man
than
more
during
county
one
the
season.
the
question arise as to qualifications,
4. Should
any
shall be left to the decision of the Rugby Union
Committee.
AS
RULES
Adopted
1.
Professionalism
2.
or
he
NOTE.
given
"
is
illegal.
:
"
shall
player who
of
money
is to
sub-section
Club,
or
in connection
his
to
time
from
shall
not
debar
incurred
sum
on
or
Club, or any
whatever, actual
the
Club
of which
in
in
the
done
or
on
for
compensation
.Club's
the
at
of the
of
or
other
about
the
loss of
his
amount
hotel
with
transfers
the
or
expense,
at
the
and
Club's
his services
consideration
Insurance
Club.
from
of the
excess
paid
or
of it. This
clause
insuringits playing Members
recognized Accidental
receives
account
Secretary, Treasurer,
Member
from
Member
in connection
another
consideration
money
any
any
Club
trained
playerwho
(d) Any
of it,any
by him
any
as
receives
his Club
of any
expense
include
labour
of any sort
for work
or
with the Club's affairs.
against
Company.
(c) Any player
of
on
the
from
one
Club
to
contract, engagement,
any
of
affairs.
Club, or of any
promise
part
of that Club, to find him
Member
employment.
transfers
his
Whenever
a
membership from one
player
if they think
Committee
Union
to another, the Rugby
may,
such a player for a full explanation of his
do so, call on
or
fit to
rendered
whether
playing Member,
accidents
3.
from
consideration
services
club
receive
Member.
This
any
officer of the
or
is
it,any
for
prospective,
to
ground,
is
Professional
Member
amended
Meeting, October,1886,and
subsequentMeetings.
at
(a) Any
PROFESSIONALISM.
Union
Rugby
at
TO
same
APPENDIX.
for
reasons
his
migration, and
71
suspend
such
player pending
satisfactoryexplanation.
Union
Committee
shall have
the
Rugby Football
4. The
of
for
think
fit
as
as
suspending
long
:
they
power
(a) Any player whom
to be
they shall consider
a
sional
profes"
and
to
shall in their
played
professional after
October, 1886.
Football
Rugby
5. The
of
power
suspending
Club
(a) Any
has
been
Club
; and
which
Umpire,
sum
on
Football
(a)
the
the
event
request
of
with
Match
under
formed
the
out
Rule
3,
an
which
Club
with
or
any
of any
of the nucleus
servants
received
actuallydisbursed
by
travellingexpenses.
of a breach
suspected instance
by any
be instituted by the Rugby
Rules
may
of hotel
amount
or
"
In their absolute
(") At
them
of the
any
of these
any
Union
Committee
of
have
has
excess
account
inquiryin
6. An
shall
or
in
Committee
play a
by
suspended
any
him
In
shall
been
as
proved
I5th day of
the
"
suspended
Club
been
which
has
(b} Any
Club
Union
which
Club
opinion have
discretion.
of any
Club
inquirybeing
which
lodge
may
instituted
at
the
plaint
com-
complaint
shall forthwith
of any Club, such Club
deposit with the Hon.
such
Football
the
of "10.
On
Union
the
Sec. of
sum
Rugby
of the facts relied
deposit being made and a written statement
be
the Hon.
to
Sec., an
inquiry shall forthwith
sent
upon
instituted
place, at
in such
Football
the
Union
such
time, and
in such
manner
as
shall direct.
Committee
Rugby
shall have
Committee
absolute
Union
Rugby Football
with
the
deal
otherwise
deposit
to confiscate,
return, or
power
of
the
circumstances
to
shall
think
fit,having regard
as
they
The
the
case.
7. On
have
the
an
inquirythe Rugby
Football
Union
Committee
shall
shall have
their discretion.
to
power
forthwith
to
suspend
such
Club
during
RUGBY
72
UNION
ADOPTED
ADDENDA
INSURANCE
PLAYERS)
TO
PASSED
AT
PROFESSIONALISM
IN
1.
Club
Club
(AS
TO
AS
TO
RULES
THE
GENERAL
1886.
OCTOBER,
insure
may
COMMITTEE
THE
BY
OF
MEETING
FOOTBALL.
in its,
against accidents
its Members
Matches"
(a) In
(b} In
recognized Accidental
fund
specially
Insurance
the
apart by
set
Company,
Club
object.
be
paid
for each
week-day
to
los.
(ten shillings)
any player shall be
from
which
be
he
shall
playing or
prevented
during
actually
be made
from
All payments
must
through" the
earning wages.
of the Club.
Secretary or Treasurer
shall
be
made
No
to any
Player
payment
(a) For any day for which he receives wages, or
days succeeding the
(") For any day during the first seven
days he
day of the accident, if during such seven
2.
In
either
case
the
maximum
which
amount
may
plays Football.
3. No
payment
shall
be
made
except
on
the
certificate of
tated
practitionerthat the player is incapaciduly qualifiedmedical
by his injuriesfrom pursuing his ordinary employment.
shall on or before the i$th day of January, and
4. Every Club
the 1 5th day of May respectivelyin each year, send to the Hon.
Union
Sec. of the Rugby Football
statement
showing
a detailed
the
made
what
have
been
to
to
day
3ist
players up
payments
of December
and the 3Oth day of April preceding the said dates
shall also, on
before the first-mentioned
or
respectively
; and
days, forward a properly audited account, showing all receipts
and payments
made
during the period covered by such account,
for proving
and
if required all Books
and Vouchers
necessary
the
thereof.
accuracy
the same
time
it shall
be
the
"
APPENDIX.
ADDENDA
AS
TO
and
Football
Rugby
with
an
inquiry shall
be
manner
as
instituted
the
BY
Rugby
in such
Union
have
place, at
Committee
THE
IN
professionalism,which
re
POWERS
COMMITTEE
Committee
Union
Law
in such
OF
ADOPTED
UNION
FOOTBALL
accordance
that
DEVOLUTION
COMMITTEES
COUNTY
RUGBY
The
THE
TO
1888.
decided
reads
such
shall
the
(in
thus
time,
direct)
charge
to investigate any
County Committees
of professionalism or any
Laws
under
offences incurred
45 and
in the
of
club
either
club
member
or
49 against
any
any
any
them
to adjudicate
respectiveCounty Unions, and to empower
and
to
such
on
suspend the
cases
coming before them
any
in
Rule
club
or
offending
player as
4 re professionalism.
the right of
shall have
club
That
or
player
suspended
any
that
the
and
Committee
Committee,
appeal to the Rugby Union
such suspension altogether
shall have full power
either to annul
the
otherwise
to enlarge, shorten, or
or
period of such
vary
the secretary
with
be
lodged
suspension, and that an appeal must
of the Rugby
within seven
Football
Union
days of the meeting
the sentence
at which
was
passed.
be
such
That
accompanied with a deposit of
appeal must
shall have
Committee
Union
"$o, and that the Rugby Football
deal with such
absolute
to confiscate,
return, or otherwise
power
think
fit.
deposit as they shall
of
take shorthand
notes
the County Committees
must
That
of these points and
all proceedings in reference
must
to
any
such
incidental
to
themselves
proceedings.
pay all expenses
Union
to themselves
The
Committee
Football
reserve
Rugby
to
the
empower
rightat
that may
time
any
to
adjudicateon
any
professionalquestions
arise.
THE
LONDON
: PRINTED
STAMFORD
BY
END.
CLOWES
WILLIAM
STREET
AND
CHARING
AND
SONS,
CROSS.
LIMITED,
LUNN
"
CO.,
of every
Exporters of Games
description,
41, BERNERS
STREET,
ALL
ORDERS
CARRIAGE
Lunn's
"Incomparable"
Lunn's
"A
Lunn's
"Eclipse"
Colonel
LONDON,
PAID.
Posts
Special"
W"
(Patented).
Racket.
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Godfrey's
Pins.
Marking
OIRIOIKIIET1.
Lunn's
specially
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Lunn's
"No.
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CROQUET,
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3"
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(64
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