Harmes Paris Logo Shaped Wearable Antenna for

Multiband Applications
Pujayita Saha *, Bappaditya Mandal , Ayan Chatterjee , Susanta Kumar Parui
*

Dept. of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering

Indian Institute Engineering Science & Technology Shibpur, Howrah, India 711103
*
Email: pujayita.2011@hotmail.com, Email: bappaditya.kgec@gmail.com

Email: ayanmrinal26@gmail.com, Email:arkapv@yahoo.com

Abstract In this article a compact wearable Harmes Paris
logo antenna for multiband applications is presented. For proper
antenna design, the electrical properties of various leathers are
measured. The antenna has been optimized to operate within the
ISM frequency bands with centre frequencies are 2.41GHz as
well as 3.1GHz and 3.7GHz.
Index Terms Wearable, Logo Antenna, Leather, ISM

I. INTRODUCTION
Wearable antennas are an important research topic last few
years. A flexible textile material and planar structure are
normally used by wearer in order to effortlessly integrate
antennas into a garments as well as shoes. In several wearable
antennas for GPS, WLAN, and Bluetooth applications were
studied [1]. A wearable antenna using a textile material for
wireless body area network (WBAN) applications has
growing research interest due to its low weight, low cost, ease
of production [2].Usually, to fabricate a textile antenna, a
conductive material is used for the radiating element or
ground, while a nonconductive material, such as cotton,
leather, or felt, is used as a substrate [3]-[4]. Now a days an
idea growing up, a textile antenna can be integrated onto the
cloth or bag as well as shoes with a manufacturers logo or
brand name for advertising purposes. Logotype antennas are a
hopeful research area in the antenna field. However, designing
antennas to have a unique logo shape is very tricky, and some
types of antenna have been proposed to achieve this. Different
symbol shapes have been proposed, such as university
emblems, circle-shapes, and shield-shapes, and their operating
principles have been described [5][6].A wearable logo
antenna using the AIUB shape was demonstrated for a
WBAN application [7]. Yet, few logo antennas for
commercial advertisement purposes have been investigated.
In this letter, a compact wearable multi band logo antenna
is proposed that can be mounted on shoes as well as bag for
tracking and health monitoring applications. The radiating part
of the antenna is made of copper sheet, whilst a leather sheet
material is used as a substrate and fed by a coaxial line
through the ground plane. The H shaped logo is composed of
two long thin arms and other arms in middle, which are
responsible for three desire bands. The antenna is designed to

Fig. 1 Fabricated Logo antenna

Fig. 2 Proposed designs

operate at ISM band 2.41GHz, as well as 3.1GHz, and

3.7GHz. The proposed antenna is simulated by Ansoft HFSS
FEM based EM simulator.
II. ANTENNA ARCHITECTURE

A. Geometry of the Antenna

Fig 2 shows photographs of the Harmes Paris bag with H
logo. The H shaped logo is composed of two thin arms with
same length and other arms of different lengths. Fig. 3 shows
the geometry of the proposed antenna. The logo is used as a
patch radiator having a practical size (5070) mm for a logo
on the shoes. The logo patch and ground are designed to
implement a conductive copper sheet. The antenna is fed by a
coaxial cable at the top point at the one arm of H. The
electrical properties of the wearable substrate are important
factor in the antenna design because they determine the
overall antenna size and the size of the radiating element. The
radius of the proposed antenna is 45 mm, and a leather
substrate of 2 mm thickness is used for this practical
integrated application on a shoes or bag.

S11 (dB)

-10
-20
-30
Simulated
Measured
On Body Simulated
On Body Measured

-40
-50
2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

Freq (GHz)
Fig. 3 Antenna geometry

Fig. 4 Simulated and measured return losses of proposed antenna with on

body measured S11

TABLE I
R
45

w
22

L1
30

L2
10

L3
12

W1
26

H
2

100

r
2.75

Input impedance(re,im) ohm

L
50

Fig. 1 shows the fabricated prototype of the proposed antenna.

The proposed antenna is made with conductive copper sheets
and nonconductive leather materials. The H-shaped logo patch
and the ground are made of copper sheet conductive with a
thickness of 0.1 mm. The mixed leather, which is a substrate
material (r=2.75 =0.02) with thickness 2 mm, is used as a
substrate. The SMA connector is attached to the logo patch
through the ground.

50

0
Imaginary part
Real part

-50
2.0

2.5

3.0
3.5
4.0
Freq(GHz)

4.5

5.0

Fig. 5 Impedance variation of proposed with frequencies

III. EXPERIMANANTAL RESULT

200
150
Phase(deg)

100
50
0
-50

-100
-150
-200
2.0

2.5

3.0 3.5 4.0

Freq(GHz)

4.5

5.0

Fig. 6 Phase variation proposed with frequencies

0

-10

-10
Gain(dB)

-20
Gain(dB)

A. Reflection Coefficient
Measured and simulated reflection coefficient (S11) of the
fabricated antenna is presented in Fig. 4. The measurements
have been taken inside an anechoic chamber, and the
measurements results are in good agreement with the
simulated results. The measured -10dB reflection coefficient
bandwidth is 60 MHz (2.5%), over the range from 2.38 GHz
to 2.44 GHz in the ISM 2.45 GHz band, 100 MHz (1.9%) over
the range from 3.04 GHz to 3.14 GHz and 240MHz (6.4%)
over the range from 3.66 GHz to 3.88 GHz . The
inconsistency between the simulated and measured results is
possibly due to a fabrication error of the fabricated antenna.
Fig. 5 shows the antenna input impedance variation with
frequency while Fig.6 representing a phase shifts as a function
of frequency arising out of impedance mismatch. The real part
related to the input impedance of the antenna is found to be
58.37 at 3.11GHz and 49.40 at 3.78GHz where as the
imaginary part of the frequencies is nearly 0 . The phase shift
of antenna is seen to be close to almost 00 at the corresponding
resonating frequencies.

-30
-40
-50
-60
-180 -120

Co-pol(Simulated)
Co-pol(Measured)
X-pol(Simulated)
X-pol(Measured)

-60

0
Theta

(a)

60

-20
-30
-40

120

180

-50
-180 -120

Co-pol(Simulated)
Co-pol(Measured)
X-pol(Simulated)
X-pol(Measured)

-60

0
Theta

(b)

60

120

180

-10

-10
Gain(dB)

Gain(dB)

-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
-180 -120

Co-pol(Simulated)
Co-pol(Measured)
X-pol(Simulated)
X-pol(Measured)

-60

-20
-30
-40

60

120

-50
-180 -120

180

Co-pol(Simulated)
Co-pol(Measured)
X-pol(Simulated)
X-pol(Measured)

-60

Theta

(c)

-10

-20

Gain(dB)

Gain(dB)

180

-10

-30

-50
-180 -120

120

(d)

-40

60

Theta

-30

Co-pol(Simulated)
Co-pol(Measured)
X-pol(Simulated)
X-pol(Measured)

-60

0
Theta

-20

Co-pol(Simulated)
Co-pol(Measured)
X-pol(Simulated)
X-pol(Measured)

Fig.8 Surface current distribution at 2.38GHz, 3.1GHz and 3.84GHz

60

120

180

-40
-180 -120

-60

60

120

180

Theta

(e)
(f)
Fig. 7 Normalized Radiation pattern (a), (b) =00, =900 at 2.38GHz and (c),
0
0
0
0
(d) =0 , =90 at 3.1GHz, (e), (f) =0 , =90 at 3.84GHz

B. On Body Performance
To validate the on-body performance, measured with the
antennas placed on the chest was performed. The measured
S11 value is illustrated in Fig. 4 shows a constant resonate
frequencies, which is indicating a satisfactory on body
performance. S11 variation is due to scattering and absorption
by the lossy body area where the antenna is mounted.

V. CONCLUSION
In this letter, a leather based Hermes Paris logo antenna is
proposed. The H shaped patch representing the Hermes Paris
logo is analyzed for application as an antenna. The overall size
of the composite structure is 45mm2. The proposed logo
antenna is fabricated from a leather material and has a realistic
logo size for bag and smart shoes applications. The measured
corresponding -10 dB reflection coefficient bandwidths are
60MHz, 140MHz, and 180MHz with free-space gains are
0.8dBi, 2.2dBi and 3.2dBi respectively. Efficiency of desire
frequencies more than 62% achieved. Therefore, this logo
antenna is a good applicant for wireless communication and
anti-theft applications for smart wearable devices such as
luxury bags as well as smart shoes.

C. Radiation Characteristics
Radiation patterns are simulated and measured in both
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
principal planes of = 00 (x-z plane) and = 900 (y-z plane), at
2.41GHz, 3.1GHz, and 3.7GHz in Fig. 7. As can be seen, in
Authors like to acknowledge Indian Institute Engineering
both the planes, there is a significant difference near about
Science & Technology, Shibpur (I.I.E.S.T) (formerly known as
average 17dB between co-pol and X-pol radiation. The
B.E.S.U.) for providing necessary support in this research
work.
composite structure provides a nearly constant gain are
0.8dBi, 2.2dBi and 3.2dBi in the desired frequency band. The
REFERENCES
efficiency of proposed antenna is more than 62% achieved at
[1] N. H. M. Rais et al., A review of wearable antenna, in Proc. LAPC
desired frequencies.
Loughborough, U.K., Nov. 2009, pp. 225228.
[2] Low Profile Inverted-F-L Antenna for 5.5 GHz WiMAX Applications Al-

D. Surface Current Distribution:

Simulated surface current distributions of the proposed
antenna at 2.41GHz, 3.1GHz, and 3.7GHz are shown in fig.8.
This is a result of the repulsion of electrons on the metallic
surface which tend to migrate toward the edges. Since the
majority of surface current was concentrated toward the edges.
The current distribution is relatively stable over the operating
frequency range, which indicates that the radiation
characteristics are to be stable as well. It is also observed from
the current distribution pattern that the proposed antenna is a
good radiator.

[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]

Ahsan Talukde1, Debabrata Kumar Karmokar, Khaled Mahbub Morshed2

and Md. Nurunnabi Mollah ACEEE Int. J. on Communications, Vol. 03, No.
01, March 2012.
Kaivanto, E.K., Berg, M., Salonen, E. and de Maagt,. Wearable circularly
polarized antenna for personal satellite communication and navigation. IEEE
Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 59(12), pp.4490-4496.
T. Kaufmann and C. Fumeaux, Wearable textile half-mode substrate
integrated cavity antenna using embroidered vias, IEEE Antennas Wireless
Propag. Lett., vol. 12, pp. 805808, 2013
M. Rafiee and M. R. Kamarudin, UTM-logo wideband printed monopole
antenna surrounded with circular ring patch,Prog. Electromagn. Res. C,
vol. 15, pp. 157164, 2010.
W. G. Whittow and J. M. Rigelsford, Performance and radiation patterns of
aesthetic and asymmetric logo-based patch antennas,J. Electromagn Waves,
vol. 28, no. 7, pp. 848860, Mar. 2014.
M. S. Mahmud and S. Dey, Design, performance and implementation of
UWB wearable logo textile antenna, in Proc. 15th ANTEM,Toulouse,
France, Jun. 2012, pp. 14.