Experiment 2

Measurement of magnetic field inside a solenoid with finite length

Verification of the instructors
Class: MEC-1 K58
Group: 1
Name:Tran Nam Anh
Student ID: 20130225

I EXPERIMENTAL RESULT

1.Measurement of the relationship B(x)

a) Measurement result
Table 1.1: Experimental magnetic field

B ex

*The table of measurement (I=0.4A, U=6V,R=2.02(cm); n=750 turns)

x (cm)
B (mT)
x (cm)
B (mT)
x (cm)
B (mT)
x (cm)
B (mT)

0
0.91
10
1.86
20
1.87
30
0.92

1
1.43
11
1.87
21
1.87

2
1.65
12
1.87
22
1.87

3
1.75
13
1.87
23
1.86

4
1.80
14
1.88
24
1.85

5
1.83
15
1.88
25
1.85

6
1.84
16
1.88
26
1.81

7
1.85
17
1.88
27
1.76

Table 1.2: Theorectical result of magnetic field Bex

8
1.86
18
1.88
28
1.66

9
1.86
19
1.88
29
1.45

B 0=
I0

0 . r
. I 0 . n0 . ( cos 1cos 2 )
2

is the maximum current in solenoid and

n 750
n0= =
=2500
L 0.3

I 0 =I . 2( A )

(turns per unit length)

cos 1=

x
x
= 2 2
r1 R + x

cos 2=

Lx
Lx
= 2
r2
R +( Lx)2

X(cm) 0
1
2
3
4
B(mT) 0.89 1.28 1.51 1.62 1.68
X(cm) 10
11
12
13
14
B(mT) 1.76 1.76 1.76 1.76 1.76
X(cm) 20
21
22
23
24
B(mT) 1.76 1.75 1.75 1.74 1.73
X(cm) 30
B(mT) 0.89
b) Evaluation of the obtained measurement

5
1.71
15
1.76
25
1.71

6
1.73
16
1.76
26
1.68

- Make a plot of B = f(x) based on the measured results:

7
1.74
17
1.76
27
1.62

8
1.75
18
1.76
28
1.51

9
1.75
19
1.76
29
1.28

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

B (mt)

1
B-ex
B-th
0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

12

15

18

21

24

27

30

I (a)

2).a)Measurement of relationship between the magnetic field and the

current through the solenoid-B(U). (x=15 (cm))
Trial
1
2
3
4

U(V)
3
6
9
12

B(mT)
0.67
1.23
1.79
2.40

B(mT)
3
2.5
2
B(mT)

1.5

B(mT)

Linear (B(mT))

1
0.5
0
2

10

12

14

U(v)

Error bar with height of

2. B=0.02 mT

We see that :
- The magnetic field is proportional with the intensity.
- The graph of function B(U) should be a line go through the origin and
monotonic increasin
c). Comparison of experimental and theoretical magnetic field
Trial
1
2
3
- I=0.4A

x(cm)
0
15
30
U =9V

Calculation of magnetic field B ( x) :

Equation:

cos 1=

x
x
= 2 2
r 1 r +x

cos 2=

Lx
Lx
= 2
r2
R +( Lx )2

B(mT)
0.92
1.90
0.95

B=

0 r
I n ( cos 1cos 2 )
2 0

- The maximum current

I0

is calculated as:

I 0 =I 2=0.566 ( A )

- n is number of turns per unit length, n=2500 .

Result:
B (mT )
Position of the
probe x(cm)

cos 1

cos 2

B=|Bth Bex|
Theorical

0.000

-0.998

15

0.991

-0.991

30

0.998

0.000

Experimental

Conclusion:
- The theoretical result is quite close to the experimental result, we can conclude
that the measurement is precise.
- These difference is caused by random error of tool and environment.