988G Bulletin

Caterpillar Product Information
Product Bulletin
November 2000
Cat 988G
Wheel Loader
988G Wheel Loader
The Cat 988G wheel loader is the newest addition to the Cat wheel
loader family. It replaces the 988F Series II. The 988G delivers
what customers need and expect in Cat wheel loaders: the ability
to work in tough applications, innovation that enhances production,
increased operator comfort and improvements to serviceability.
The 988G also features a sleek new styling that sets it apart from
the competition. These features combined result in a solid machine
that delivers the power and performance customers need to run
efficient and cost-effective job sites.
For Dealer Sales Personnel
Table of Contents
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
General Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Machine Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
Service Refill Capacities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
Benefits and Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
Product Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Flywheel Power and Torque Rise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Basic Engine Rebuild Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Planetary Powershift Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Power Train . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Driveshaft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Axles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Differentials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
Impeller Clutch Torque Converter (ICTC) . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Rimpull Control System (RCS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Engine End Frame (EEF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Non-Engine End Frame (NEEF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Linkage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Boom Manufacturing Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Other Improvements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Hydraulics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Implement System Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Implement Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Steering System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Demand Fan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Operators Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Access and Exit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Viewing Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Spaciousness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Sound Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Ventilation and Air Conditioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Cat Comfort Seat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
TEJB7023
Cat 988G Wheel Loader
November 2000
Table of Contents
Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Electronic Monitoring System II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Warning Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Cat Data Link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
Transmission Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
Steering and Transmission Integrated
Control (STIC) System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
Autoshift . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
Controlled Throttle Shift . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Electronic Implement Control System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Advanced Diesel Engine Management II . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Ride Control Attachment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
Payload Control System Attachment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
Serviceability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Electronic Technician . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Daily Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Application Match and Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Buckets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
Performance Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
Operation/Bucket Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
Tire Dimensions/Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
Supplemental Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
November 2000
TEJB7023
Introduction
General Specifications
988G
Engine
Gross Power
@ 1900 rpm
Flywheel Power
@ 1900 rpm
Bore
Stroke
Displacement
Transmission
Travel Speeds
1st km/h (mph)
2nd km/h (mph)
3rd km/h (mph)
4th km/h (mph)
Frame
Axles
Bucket Capacity
TEJB7023
Caterpillar 3456 Electronic Unit Injection (EUI), six-cylinder, turbocharged

and air-to-air aftercooled diesel engine; meets US EPA emissions standards
through 2001.
388 kW (520 hp)
354 kW (475 hp)
140 mm (5.5 in)
172 mm (6.8 in)
15.8 L (964 in3)
Planetary powershift transmission with four forward speeds and three
reverse speeds.
Forward
Reverse
7.1 (4.4)
8.1 (5.0)
12.7 (7.9)
14.5 (9.0)
22.5 (14.0)
25.7 (16.0)
39.9 (24.8)
Articulated frame consisting of a durable box-section engine frame and a
rigid thick-plate front frame, with a spread hitch design to distribute forces
more evenly.
Fixed, planetary front axle. Rear axle groups oscillates 13 degrees.
6.3 m3 (8.2 yd3) to 7.0 m3 (9.2 yd3)
November 2000
Introduction
Machine Specifications
Specifications
Flywheel Power
Engine Model
Displacement
Rated Bucket Capacity
Dump Clearance
with teeth*
Reach @ Full Lift
and 45 discharge*
Overall Length
Loader Clearance Circle
with bucket in carry position
Wheelbase
Static Tipping Load @ 35
Static Tipping Load straight
Breakout Force
Operating Weight
988G
354 kW
(475 hp)
3456 EUI
15.8 L
(964 in3)
6.4 m3
(8.33 yd3)
3994 mm
(13'1")
2121 mm
(6'11")
12 505 mm
(41'0")
17 500 mm
(57'5")
4550 mm
(14'11")
28 705 kg
(63,283 lb)
27 654 kg
(60,966 lb)
26 968 kg
(59,464 lb)
32 282 kg
(71,169 lb)
460 kN
(103,500 lb)
50 090 kg
(110, 428 lb)
988F II
321/350 kW
(430/470 hp)
3408 HEUI
18.0 L
(1099 in3)
6.3 m3
(8.25 yd3)
3210 mm
(10'7")
2055 mm
(6'9")
10 928 mm
(35'10")
16 966 mm
(55'8")
3810 mm
(12'6")
27 596 kg
(60,711 lb)
988F II HL
321/350 kW
(430/470 hp)
3408 HEUI
18.0 L
(1099 in3)
5.7 m3
(7.5 yd3)
3672 mm
(12'1")
2121 mm
(6'11")
11 314 mm
(37'1")
17 340 mm
(56'11")
3810 mm
(12'6")
23 524 kg
(51,753 lb)
30 794 kg
(67,747 lb)
366 kN
(82,282 lb)
45 583 kg
(100,492 lb)
26 365 kg
(58,003 lb)
383 kN
(86,051 lb)
46 018 kg
(101,451 lb)
* Non-SAE specification measured to tip of bucket teeth to provide accurate clearance data. SAE standard specifies the cutting edge.
November 2000
TEJB7023
Introduction
Service Refill Capacities
Fuel tank standard
Cooling system
Crankcase
Transmission
Differentials and final drives
front
rear
Hydraulic system
factory fill
tank only
Liters
679
95
60
70
Gallons
179.4
25.1
15.9
18.5
146
146
38.6
38.6
470
267
124.2
70.5
Application
988G
Benefits and Features
TEJB7023
This bulletin describes the Cat 988G wheel loader and its systems,
along with the benefits customers can expect to receive taking
a closer look at the features that deliver those benefits.
November 2000
Product Description
Engine
Features
Benefits
Gallery cooled steel pistons
Better ring control, improved emissions, better performance and

fuel consumption
Cylinder head exhaust port sleeves
Reduces heat rejection, resulting in less heat transfer into water

jacket system
Air flow matched turbocharger

with power rating
Improves emissions
Isolation mounted
Reduces vibration transfer to frame and cab
Single overhead camshaft design

one-piece cylinder heads
Allows increased cylinder head pressures for improved horsepower,

fuel efficiency, emissions, reliability and durability
Flywheel Power and Torque Rise

The 988G is powered by the Cat 3456 Electronic Unit Injection
(EUI) diesel engine, which replaces the 3408E. This six-cylinder,
turbocharged, diesel engine is based on the 3406E, one of the most
proven Caterpillar engines. The addition of an air-to-air aftercooler
has increased fuel economy while helping the engine run cleaner
with increased horsepower.
The 3456 features 354 kilowatts (475 hp) flywheel horsepower at
1900 rpm and 42.3 percent torque rise. The bore is 140 millimeters
(5.5 in) and the stroke is 172 millimeters (6.8 in) for a displacement
of 15.8 liters (964 in3). The two-piece articulated pistons, with
forged steel crown and case aluminum skirts, are cooled by oil
spray for improved oil control and increased service life. These
gallery cooled steel pistons feature better ring cooling, improved
emissions, better performance and more efficient fuel consumption.
Cat 3456 EUI diesel engine
The bearing area in the 3456 engine has increased by 19 percent.

This allows the engine to operate at a 15 434 kilopascal (2240 psi)
maximum cylinder pressure. A higher cylinder pressure capability
translates into better fuel consumption, cleaner emissions and higher
altitude capability.
There are fewer parts in the Caterpillar 3456 engine than in the
3408E. In addition, the engine crankcase oil change interval is
500 hour with CH-4 oil. The result is an efficient engine with
lower maintenance costs. Future overhaul costs can be reduced
by 25 percent due to the new engine design and fewer parts.
November 2000
TEJB7023
Product Description
Basic Engine Rebuild Kit
988F II
PART NUMBER
QTY
Ext. Sugg.
List Price
OVERHAUL COMPARISON
988G
PART NUMBER
QTY
Ext. Sugg.
List Price
0R8200
REMAN CYLINDER PACK
0R4176
0R8512
REMAN CYLINDER HEAD
0R9536
1175975
MAIN BEARINGS (kit)
1175975
7E9261
THRUST BEARING
7E9261
4W5702
CONNECTING ROD BEARING
7E0558
4N1151
OIL PAN GASKET
4N1151
7E7308
CYLINDER HEAD GASKET
1539653
4W4794
THERMOSTAT
7C3095
1R0716
OIL FILTER
1R0716
1R0749
FUEL FILTER
1R0749
$5,286.70
EST. PRICE TOTAL
$3,546.80
Cooling System
The 3456 EUI engine has a separated cooling system which isolates
the Advanced Modular Cooling System (AMOCS) radiator and
demand fan from the engine compartment. Advantages of this type
of cooling system include improvements to efficiency, serviceability,
visibility and lower sound levels. First, the cooling system is
isolated from the engine compartment by a shield allowing the
radiator to receive outside ambient air through the side and top
vents at a much lower temperature than the hot air from the engine
compartment. This improves the systems efficiency and allows
the radiator size to be decreased and the rear hood to be sloped,
improving rear visibility. Also, sound levels are reduced due to
the lower fan speed of a more efficient cooling system.
AMOCS
The 988G cooling system has been upgraded to the Advanced

Modular Cooling System (AMOCS), a Caterpillar exclusive
technology that improves G-Series serviceability.
The AMOCS is constructed from straight, in-line brass tubes that
are welded to a large, thick header plate, providing the strength
of the tube-to-header joint. This reduces the possibility of
coolant leaks. With nine steel fins per inch, fin bending
resistance is improved.
TEJB7023
November 2000
Product Description
The cooling system on the 988G works much like that of an
automobile coolant flows from the engine to the radiator
and then returns. However, AMOCS uses a two-pass system for
increased cooling capability. Coolant travels from the engine to the
fan side of the bottom tank, up the fan side of each core, over the
top, down the engine side of the core, into the engine side of the
bottom tank and back to the engine. The improved flow pattern
allows coolant to pass through the radiator twice for better cooling.
The AMOCS design improves serviceability, reduces downtime
and increases cooling capability.
Transmission
Features
Benefits
Electronic Clutch Pressure Control
Improves shift quality, reduces torque spikes, improves overall

transmission durability
Control Throttle Shifting
Allows smoother shifts with lower torque spikes for improved

quality and durability
Impeller Clutch Torque Converter
Improves transmission component life, rimpull controllability

and reduces tire wear
Optional Torque Converter

Lock-up Clutch
Reduces fuel consumption by improving efficiency during travel
Autoshift Capability
Increases operator efficiency by allowing transmission to shift

at optimum points
The 988G uses an updated version of the heavy-duty powershift

transmission used in the 988F Series II wheel loader. Updates
include the use of electronic clutch pressure control, control throttle
shifting and an additional planet carrier in forward planetaries,
resulting in smoother operation and reduced stress.
November 2000
TEJB7023
Product Description
Planetary Powershift Transmission
The 988G uses an updated version of the successful planetary
powershift transmission utilized in the 988F Series II. This
transmission distributes loads more evenly throughout the
transmission and can easily handle full speed powershifts for both
speed and direction. The transmission uses five planetary drives
that work in combination to provide four forward and three reverse
speed selections. It uses large 431 millimeter (17 in) clutches, in
addition there is an extra planet carrier in each of the forward
planetaries versus the 988F II to improve load distribution and
reduce stress. The electronically controlled transmission updates
include an additional planet carrier in each of the forward planetaries,
electronic clutch pressure control (ECPC) with control throttle
shifting and standard autoshift feature.
Planetary powershift transmission
This design uses individual clutch housings as the case enclosing

the planetary trains. Clutch housings function as structural members
with O-ring seals between the housings. The main benefit of
this transmission design is the increased level of control achieved
as a result of the ECPC valves.
The ECPC valves operate by software controlled electronic pulses
which are converted to clutch pressure. These pressures are adjusted
to improve overall shift quality based on factors such as clutch fill
time, response time and hold pressure. Control Throttle Shifting
also contributes to smoother shifts and longer life by managing
engine speeds during directional shifts. Stress levels and load
distribution are also improved with the additional planet carriers
in each of the forward planetaries. The result is better shift quality,
increased durability and additional operator comfort.
Electronic controls give the operator a choice between manual and
automatic shifting. In autoshift mode, the transmission automatically
shifts at factory preset points to prevent potential overspeed
conditions. Each shift occurs at optimum torque and ground speed
for maximum machine performance. The operator can override
the preset shift points if necessary.
10
TEJB7023
November 2000
Product Description
Power Train
The driveshaft, axles, differentials and axle shaft brakes on the

988G are designed for added durability and improved serviceability.
The Impeller Clutch Torque Converter and Rimpull Control
System allow the operator maximum flexibility in modulating
rimpull, provide smoother shifts on directional changes and
maximize component life.
Driveshaft
New features on the 988G driveshaft include snap ring and O-ring
yoke design, metric fasteners and permanent lubrication on the slip
shaft and all universal joints.
Axles
The 988G uses a fixed, planetary front axle. The rear axle
group oscillates plus or minus 13 degrees. The axle housings
are manufactured from ductile iron, similar to the wheel and
planetary castings.
The new heavy-duty axles include larger axle housings, differentials
and larger wheel brakes in the final drives for increased durability
and reliability.
Axle
Additional design changes include separate front and rear axle

shaft brake circuits, increased driveshaft size, larger rear trunnion
support casting and bolted joint improvements.
November 2000
TEJB7023
11
Product Description
Differentials
The differentials and bevel gear groups are redesigned for
improved durability. Features include:
Stronger, precision bronze castings replace differential pinion
spherical washers
Addition of bevel gear thrust pin lowers stresses from deflection
of the bevel gear set
New axle housing castings stiffen the bolted joint to the
differential carrier assembly
Shot-peened bevel gear set increases life expectancy
Larger B1, B3 and B4 bearings allow for higher capacities and
improved durability
Differential side gear washer is retained by precision machined
slots in the differential case rather than by bent tabs to reduce
washer motion
Larger differential gears increase life expectancy
Brakes
Oil-enclosed, multiple-disc brakes provide consistent performance
and reliability through heat rejection and easy serviceability.
Inboard mounted brakes operate on the low-torque side of the
final drive, requiring less braking force. The location of the brake
disc improves axle oil circulation, promoting efficient cooling and
heat dissipation. The overall result is less heat build up and a long
service life.
The 988G features a spring applied, oil-released, dry disc parking
brake. The parking brake is mounted on the transmission transfer
gear output shaft for manual operation. The Electronic Monitoring
System II (EMS II) monitors the parking brake and alerts the
operator if the brake is engaged. EMS II will also alert the operator
if pressure drops and automatically apply the parking brake.
12
TEJB7023
November 2000
Product Description
Impeller Clutch Torque Converter (ICTC)
The Impeller Clutch Torque Converter (ICTC) engages the input
of the torque converter (impeller) to the engine and allows the
operator to vary rimpull from 100 percent (maximum) to
20 percent. This works well to control ground speed, provide
smoother directional shifts and for controlling occasional tire
slip. Rimpull can instantly be increased or decreased simply by
depressing or releasing the left most brake pedal. With the pedal
in its at rest position, the ICTC is producing maximum rimpull.
Depressing the ICTC pedal reduces the impeller clutch pressure,
resulting in decreased torque or rimpull available to the wheels.
As rimpull is reduced, machine ground speed is also reduced.
Further movement of the pedal engages the machine service brakes.
ICTC
Rimpull Control System (RCS)

Certain loading conditions such as poorly shot rock or wet, slick
floors may require a reduced rimpull setting for long periods in
order to prevent costly tire slip. The operator can use the Rimpull
Control System (RCS) to select the maximum desired rimpull
from the four factory preset positions of 90 percent, 85 percent,
75 percent or 65 percent. These presets can be changed using
Electronic Technician. To use RCS, the operator selects reduced
rimpull on the rocker switch located on the implement pod.
When RCS is on, an indicator light on the dash will illuminate.
The operator can then choose the reduced setting that best matches
the conditions. Additional rimpull modulation can still be achieved
with the left pedal. When the rocker switch is returned to the
maximum position, rimpull will be maximum regardless of
the rimpull selection switch setting.
RCS rocker switch
RCS is active in first gear only. If the operator shifts to second gear,
the 988G will provide 100 percent rimpull. When he/she shifts
back to first gear, the rimpull will revert back to the level selected.
RCS control dial
November 2000
TEJB7023
13
Product Description
Structures
Features
Benefits
Fabricated box boom linkage
Improves rigidity, lift/dump clearance, visibility and overall

performance
Box rail section with straight side

rail engine end frame
Improved bending and torsional strength
Rubber isomounts
Reduces engine and transmission noise and vibration
90% robotically welded frame
Provides consistent welds with deep plate penetration and excellent

fusion that adds durability and fatigue strength
Box style sections in upper and

lower hitch
Improves frame structure rigidity and increases

fatigue life
Large center hitch window design
Convenient component access
988G frame
14
TEJB7023
November 2000
Product Description
Engine End Frame (EEF)
The 988G features a box section engine end frame with boxed-rail
sections that provides improved torsional strength, shock load
absorption and easier manufacturability. In addition, the 988G now
uses the same rail assembly on both sides of the frame, eliminating
separate right and left pieces, which reduces the number of unique
parts. This simplified design improves both quality and reliability.
Castings are used in critical high stress areas to spread the load and
distribute stress evenly. Castings also reduce the number of parts
since some castings integrate multiple parts. Engine end frame
castings include:
- Rear trunnion
- Front trunnion mounts
- Steering cylinder brackets
- Articulation stops
- Lock link
- ROPS mount
Engine End Frame (EEF)
The engine mounts directly to the rear cross member, eliminating

the need for pedestal-type mounts. Rubber isomounts help reduce
engine and transmission noise and vibration input to the structures
for increased life and comfort.
Steering cylinder brackets are mounted to the front corner or
pillar of the frame for increased component clearances and
improved structural strength. The new side rail pillar design
permits the frame to absorb steering loads more effectively.
The steering cylinder pins are now straight flag pins rather
than tapered pins, improving manufacturing and serviceability.
An integral four-post ROPS is part of the 988G cab. The cab
is mounted to the frame with four M36 bolts and isomounts.
The bolts make the cab easily accessible for servicing while
the isomounts ensure a comfortable work environment.
November 2000
TEJB7023
15
Product Description
Non-Engine End Frame (NEEF)
The 988G NEEF provides improved stability, lift height, payload
and durability.
The tower is closed box construction, and the contoured plates
between the two main plates provide a load path to direct stress
down to the cast tube, which serves as the lift cylinder mount.
The two 40 millimeter (1.5 in) thick, high-strength steel plates
provide mounts for the tilt cylinder and the inner support for the
boom pivot pins.
Constructed of high strength steel, the midship bearing plate
carries the driveshaft thrust loads. It is designed to form an I-beam
between the upper and lower hitch plates for excellent durability.
The two main plates are 40 millimeters (1.5 in) thick to eliminate
the need for welding and bosses. A window in the side plates
provides easy access to the hydraulic valve body.
988G Non-Engine End Frame (NEEF)
The lift cylinder mounts are located at the two ends of a tubeshaped heat-treated steel casting. The tubes outside diameter is
400 millimeters (16 in) and the inside diameter is 350 millimeters
(14 in) at the center section, tapering down to provide pin bores on
each end. The tube carries bending loads from the cantilevered lift
cylinders into the frame side plates.
Linkage
The 988G linkage is completely redesigned from the 988F. The new
fabricated boom linkage is designed to improve visibility, rigidity
and durability. The use of computer simulation and analysis tools
combined with past experience contribute to the linkage structures
that are designed to the highest standards of quality and durability.
Manufacturability has also been improved through the use of
concurrent product and process design methodology.
988G linkage
16
TEJB7023
The 988G uses a fabricated full box section boom rather than
conventional lift arms to provide increased torsional stiffness and
viewing area. Castings are used in critical high stress areas, which
allow for smooth transitions of the loads into the box sections.
The boom ends are split to allow the use of short pins that are
less susceptible to bending.
November 2000
Product Description
The B-pin subassembly is also fabricated as a smaller box section
to provide the necessary stiffness near the joint between the boom
and bucket. The assembly consists of two 90 millimeter (3.5 in) side
plates that are joined together by a 25 millimeter (1 in) wrapper
plate and 20 millimeter (0.8 in) baffle plate. The dump stops for
the bucket are incorporated into the side plates, providing a solid
contact surface to distribute impact loads through the structure.
The B-pin assembly is tied to the main box structure by two
24 millimeter (1 in) side plates, a 25 millimeter (1 in) top plate and
a 20 millimeter (0.79 in) bottom plate. The top and bottom plates
overlap the B-pin side plates, allowing the welds to be terminated
in lower stressed areas.
Weld joint
Fabricated boom
The lower rack stops are located on the top plate and supported
by the boom side plates and an internal baffle to better distribute
the impact loads on the stops into the F-pin subassembly and
surrounding structure. The edges of the stops are contoured to
allow the welds to be terminated farther away from the edges
of the top plate.
A high strength casting is used at the K-pin to provide a smooth
load path transition between the lift cylinders and the box boom
structure. The casting is tied to the side plates using a full
penetration v-groove weld and it is tied to the top plate using an
internal baffle plate. The casting also provides a solid mounting
surface for the upper rack stops. The stiffness of the casting limits
deflection during impact rack loads and prevents bending stresses
from being directed into the box section.
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17
Product Description
Since fewer welds are used in this design, the stress path is
improved. An internal baffle is located between the A-pin and
K-pin casting to increase the stiffness of the booms box section
between the two castings. This provides an improved stiffness
transition between the booms plate and the A-pin casting.
The A-pin casting provides a smooth transition from the
booms box section to the split A-pin connection and eliminates
the need for welds in this highly stressed transition region.
Boom Manufacturing Technique
The 988G boom is manufactured using some of the latest
manufacturing processes available. Critical plates are laser cut
and subassemblies are machined prior to tack welding to ensure
proper fit-up and reduce the amount of variability in the welding
process. The boom is welded using the latest welding technology.
The external joints are welded with a new robotic tandem wire
welding system, which increases deposition rates without increasing
the heat input. The result is deeper weld penetration and less part
distortion to improve the overall quality. The system also incorporates
adaptive fill to ensure that the weld joints have consistent weld
geometry and strength. After welding, the boom is stress relieved
to remove the residual stresses that build up during the welding
process. This extra step helps guarantee the customer is getting
the durability they expect. To account for any distortion that may
occur during the welding and stress relieving process, the boom is
machined at the top-level to ensure the linkage components will
assemble properly and the linkage system will meet the quality
and durability standards expected from Cat equipment.
Other Improvements
Several other design factors contribute to the overall quality and
performance of the 988G structures. They include:
Box shaped tower provides maximum structural strength in
resisting torsional loads experienced during corner bucket loading.
Over 90 percent of the structure is robotically welded, promoting
high strength, consistent quality and fatigue resistance.
Elimination of doubler plates and bosses result in fewer welds
and improved fatigue resistance.
Improved visibility to the bucket as a result of the lower tower,
which accommodates the narrow fabricated boom structure.
This reduces human fatigue and increases efficiency when
operating in tight or congested areas.
Enhanced serviceability from easily accessible hydraulic valves
and wiring harnesses through the loader tower.
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Product Description
Hydraulics
Implement System Operation
The 988G hydraulic system is designed to match its rimpull
capability to quickly load the bucket and consistently achieve
a full-heaped bucket load. It features an electro-hydraulically
controlled implement system that provides flow up to a pressure
of 31 000 kilopascal (4500 psi). An open-center main valve directs
implement flow while Caterpillar Electro-Hydraulic Actuators
control spool motion. The electronic control system monitors
cylinder positions, electronic control level positions, engine speed,
machine velocity and several operator-controlled toggle switches.
A MAC-14 electronic control module (ECM) translates these
inputs into solenoid currents that control spool motion and pump
stroking pressure based on software logic. Increased controllability,
greater operator and machine efficiency are results of this system
approach. The implement pump remains at full displacement
except while digging.
To fully understand the 988Gs power management strategy and
its benefits, here is a review on how the classic wheel loader design
manages power.
With the classic wheel loader design of the 988F Series II, power
management was controlled by system components where engine
horsepower is distributed in some fixed ratio to hydraulics and
rimpull. The engine power is controlled by engine rpm, or the
throttle, and is distributed without any variation or control.
The ratio of power distribution is dictated by the sizing of
components and cannot be optimized for both loading and
hydraulic speed, so one must be compromised for the other.
By combining electronic controls with the two-position variable
displacement implement pump, the 988G engine power distribution
is not limited by component size. Instead, electronics and the twoposition pump are used to intelligently and efficiently distribute
power to the hydraulic and rimpull systems. During the loading
cycle, the hydraulic speed (pump displacement) is reduced,
requiring less engine horsepower thereby providing improved
fuel efficiency and more available rimpull. When the machine
is not in the loading position of the cycle, the hydraulic speed
(displacement pump) is increased for faster cycle times. As a
result, the 988G delivers increased hydraulic and rimpull
performance when it is needed throughout the loader cycle
improving the total machine system efficiencies, performance
and fuel consumption.
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Product Description
A manual override switch, referred to as loose material mode,
allows the operator to maintain the high pump displacement setting
for faster hydraulic speed in easily penetrated, loose material
conditions where hydraulic speed is required to quickly and
efficiently load the bucket.
During TOUGH DIGGING

Hydraulic Speed Decreased
moderate to heavy dig where
speed is not required to load bucket
Fuel Efficiency & Available Rimpull
When NOT DIGGING

Hydraulic Speed Increased
faster lift/loader cycle times
Implement Software
The implement software was developed with operator comfort,
ease of operation and productivity as primary considerations.
The software determines several system characteristics and, to
a large extent, the smoothness of operation. Some of the control
features include rate limits to provide smooth starts and stops
of the linkage, in-cab adjustable kickouts and feather catch.
The feather catch control prevents the boom from stopping
abruptly while lowering. It limits the rate of deceleration at the
end of the cycle, bringing the boom to a smooth stop. Feather catch
contributes to productivity by maintaining a consistent level of
comfort that Cat equipment operators have come to expect.
All of this contributes to faster hydraulic cycle times for the 988G.
The following hydraulic cycle times are standard arrangement,
rated load, high idle.
(time in seconds)
Raise (lift)
Dump
Lower Float Down (empty)
Total
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988G
19.4
12.4
13.8
___
15.6
November 2000
Product Description
Steering System
The 988G uses a closed center, load-sensing steering system
controlled by the pilot operated Steering and Transmission
Integrated Control (STIC) system. The 140 cc/rev variable
displacement piston pump provides flow to maintain the necessary
pressures. System pressure is controlled by a series of valves.
This type of system maximizes machine performance by directing
power through the steering system only when it is needed,
allowing available power for rimpull, breakout force or improved
fuel efficiency.
Demand Fan
The demand fan on the 988G is a speed controlled, hydraulic
fan with 43 degree C (110 degree F) ambient cooling capability.
The horsepower required by cooling the system is directly related
to the amount of fan speed necessary for cooling. For example,
the amount of cooling required on a 0 degree C (32 degree F)
day would be much less than a 35 degree C (95 degree F) day.
By varying the speed of the fan between 100 percent of maximum
and 42 percent of maximum (440 rpm to 1040 rpm), horsepower
efficiency is improved while providing overcooling which saves
horsepower resulting in increased performance and improved
fuel efficiency.
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Product Description
Operators Station
The G-Series sets a new industry standard for operator station
comfort and efficiency. The 988G offers easier entry and exit,
increased spaciousness, improved viewing area, reduced sound
levels and unmatched ease of serviceability.
988G cab
Entry and Exit

Right and left doors are front hinged to provide easy access to
and from the operators station. A new, standard left side access
stairway on the 988G makes entry and exit much easier than
the ladder on the 988F Series II. A switch located at ground level
turns on lamps that illuminate the stair area. The lamps can also
be operated from inside the cab. The 988G also offers an optional
right rear access stairway.
Right and left stairways
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Product Description
Viewing Area
The 988G features a 38 percent larger cab with improved viewing
area in all directions. Bonded glass in the windshield eliminates
distracting metal frames and guarding on the lower portion of the
front windshield ensures durability in tough work environments.
An internal Rollover Protection System (ROPS) improves
peripheral viewing by eliminating the large structure outside the
cab. The downsloped hood also improves rearward viewing by
allowing the operator to see objects closer to the machine.
Spaciousness
The 988G provides a great deal of space for the operator over
3.18 cubic meters (112 ft3). It includes increased storage space for
personal belongings, including room for a large lunch cooler, an
insulated bottle and a cup or can.
Viewing area
Sound Levels
A thick, non-metallic floor, electro-hydraulic controls and the
separated cooling system contribute to a quiet work environment.
All combined, the improvements result in an interior noise
reduction from 82 dB(A) on the 988F II to 77 dB(A) for the 988G.
Ventilation and Air Conditioning
Improved ventilation in the 988G provides better air flow to the
operator and windows. Air flow totaling 385 cfm comes from ten
louvered vents. Air conditioning uses blended air for immediate
temperature changes, improving operator comfort. The system
sits neatly out of the way, behind the operators seat and uses
environmentally safe R134a refrigerant. Quick-connect couplings
permit easy cab removal with no release of refrigerant.
Air vents
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Product Description
Cat Comfort Seat
The 988G features the all new Cat Comfort seat, which replaces
the Cat Contour Series seat. This new air suspension seat has been
ergonomically redesigned to provide increased operator comfort.
The Cat Comfort seat has a dual-sided support recliner instead of
the center support recliner found in the previous seat. The recliner is
geared, replacing the clutch-type recliner, for improved durability.
Additional comfort comes from thicker cushions. The back
cushion is 12.7 millimeters (0.5 in) thicker and the seat cushion is
25.4 millimeters (1 in) thicker than the previous seat. The lumbar
support is an automotive-style with pressure over a broad area
compared to the hard line contact of the Cat Contour Series seat.
Comfort is further increased with the new cast one-piece back
and seat pan, which ensures that there are no protrusions into
the cushion.
Comfort seat
Seat pans
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Product Description
Controls
The controls on the 988G are grouped for convenience and ease of
operation. There are five main locations for these groupings: front
console, left console, right console, upper left and upper right.
The left console features the STIC system, which allows the
operator to control the speed, steering and transmission direction
with one hand. The upper left controls are designed to help tailor
machine performance to the specific application or operating
condition. Included are:
The reduced rimpull selector switch that allows the operator to
reduce the potential for costly tire slippage without reducing
hydraulic efficiency.
Loose material operating mode tailors hydraulics to provide
maximum loose material loading efficiency.
The kickout positioner control which helps increase production
by allowing the operator to set customized bucket dig angle and
upper and lower kickouts for maximum operating efficiency.
The right console houses implement and other operating controls
related to productivity. The upper right controls are designed to
help tailor machine performance and operator comfort in the cab.
Included are:
Conveniently placed horn button.
Low effort lift (including float position) and tilt electrohydraulic levers.
Set or decelerate engine button that works with the on/off switch
on the main console to control throttle lock.
Resume button that also works with on/off switch located on the
main console to control throttle lock.
Electronic hydraulic lock to prevent implement movement.
Console adjustment lever to move console to most desirable
position (the armrest is also independently adjustable).
Auxiliary third lever for logger arrangement to control additional
hydraulic functions of clamps and multi-function forks.
Climate, wiper and light controls.
Optional ride control switch activates automatic ride control.
Optional lock-up clutch torque converter switch activates
lock-up clutch for direct drive efficiency.
Autoshift feature allows operator to set the maximum gear into
which the transmission will be allowed to shift.
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Upper left controls
Left console
Upper right controls
Right console
25
Product Description
Controls
Advanced electronics play a major role in the operation of the
988G. Featured are the Electronic Monitoring System II, Payload
Control System attachment, transmission controls, attachment
controls and Cat Data Link which all work together with EMS II
to provide a high degree of control.
Electronic Monitoring System II
Electronic Monitoring System II (EMS II)

The front console in the operators station contains the Electronic
Monitoring System II (EMS II). The EMS II is an electronic
system that continuously monitors various machine systems
through three instrument clusters. There are three warning levels
that alert the operator of immediate or pending problems.
Center front console
The front center console houses the tachometer/speedometer

module. This panel displays engine speed, ground speed and
an actual gear indicator. When power is first applied, the
instrumentation performs a three second self-test. After power-up,
the instruments display readings according to their inputs.
Software, using signals from Pulse Wide Modulation (PWM)
sensors, detects if the input is within the normal range for each
display. If the input is out of range, the software will detect if the
signal is a valid fault or if the sensor has failed. Fault codes are
stored in the computer and can be retrieved by the operator or
service technician.
Right front console
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Product Description
The EMS II main module consists of ten fault indicators and one
display panel. The ten warning lights represent various parameters
and warning levels. Located in the right front console, the message
center module displays alert indicators and a digital display panel.
In NORMAL MODE, the digital panel displays a choice of
hourmeter, odometer, digital tachometer or diagnostic display.
In SERVICE MODE, the digital panel displays operating parameters,
diagnostic codes and out-of-range gauge readings. The panel is
used with all electronic control modules on the machine.
The quad gauge panel is located in the left front console. It contains
four gauges that receive information from the message center
module regarding engine coolant temperature, power train oil
temperature, hydraulic oil temperature and fuel tank level.
Left front console
Warning Operation
Whenever inputs from switches, sensors or other electronic controls
are out of range, the monitoring system warns the operator of
immediate and impending problems with the machine. There are
three categories of warning:
Category 1 Alert indicator flashes
No immediate action required
Will not cause harmful or damaging effects
Category 2 Alert indicator flashes and action lamp flashes
Change machine operation or perform
maintenance to the system
May cause severe damage to components
Category 3 Alert indicator flashes, action lamp flashes,
action alarm sounds
Immediately perform a safe engine shutdown
May cause operator injury or severe damage
to components
All three clusters in EMS II provide a certain amount of warning
when inputs are out of normal range.
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Product Description
Cat Data Link
The Cat Data Link is a 62.5 baud serial communications system
that shares information between EMS II, the implement controls
and the transmission controls. Sharing information eliminates the
need for duplicate switches and sensors for each system. Cat Data
Link also communicates machine conditions for fault codes and
provides data to display parameters and fault codes during service,
which greatly simplifies troubleshooting and service.
Transmission Control
The STIC system uses a single controller for both steering and
transmission controls both direction and gear selection. Switches
for forward or reverse and gear selection are located in the STIC.
The 988G uses a MAC-14 module, common to the Cat Data Link,
to control the transmission. It is located inside the right hand side
platform in the E-bay for convenient access.
Steering and Transmission Integrated Control (STIC) System
With inputs from the STIC and other sensors and switches, the
transmission controller directs the transmission to engage speed
and direction clutches based on the condition of those inputs.
The STIC also has diagnostic capabilities.
STIC
The operator controls the 988G with substantially less effort when
using the STIC system. Turning the machine simply requires
moving the controller to the desired side. The built-in transmission
controls allow the operator to make direction or gear changes in
a comfortable, fluid motion without lifting his/her hand from
the controller.
Autoshift
The autoshift feature provides automatic shifting of the ECPC
transmission with an operator determined maximum gear. The rotary
selector switch has four positions: manual, fourth, third and second.
The transmission will not shift above the selected gear. The manual
position disables the autoshift feature, giving full shift control to
the operator.
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Product Description
Controlled Throttle Shift (CTS)
The new 988G features controlled throttle shifting (CTS) to
prolong transmission life. The CTS allows the operator to run the
machine at high idle and make a directional shift without damaging
the transmission. When the operator chooses to make a directional
change, the power train electronic control module (ECM) will
require engine speed to drop to the programmed speed of 1600 rpm
for a duration of 1.5 seconds.
Electronic Implement Control System (EICS)
The 988G uses an Electronic Implement Control System (EICS)
to improve operator efficiency, productivity and serviceability.
Commonly called electro-hydraulics, EICS uses a MAC-14 module
similar to the one used for transmission control. The MAC-14
relies on a number of inputs and outputs to monitor implement
positions and operator commands, as well as to control the pilot
valve manifold.
EICS
Advanced Diesel Engine Management II (ADEM II)

Advanced Diesel Engine Management II (ADEM II) contains
information defining optimum fuel system operational parameters
to control key components. Multiple sensor signals such as engine
speed and timing are input to ADEM II every 15 milliseconds to
identify the engines current operating condition. ADEM II uses
these signals to control the fuel system operation. The control software
contains operating maps that define horsepower, torque curves and
transmission shift strategies. ADEM II controls the injectors using
feedback from the various engine sensors, and using these inputs,
determines injection timing and duration for optimum performance.
The maintenance-free electronic control module of the Cat 3456
engine offers exceptional reliability. The control modules ability
to sense and respond to operating conditions maximizes the 988Gs
performance, increasing efficiency while lowering operating costs.
Diagnostic capabilities are built into ADEM II. When a problem is
detected, a diagnostic code is generated and permanently stored in
memory. Active diagnostic codes indicate that a problem currently
exists. ADEM II is part of the Cat Data Link, allowing for fast and
easy troubleshooting if problems occur.
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Product Description
Ride Control Attachment
Ride control is offered as a 988G attachment. Ride control uses
the weight of the lift arms and bucket to smooth the ride of the
machine. It is enabled by a two-position switch (OFF/AUTO).
and activates at 9.66 kilometers (6.0 mph) per hour. Benefits to
operator comfort and productivity are direct results of the ride
control system.
Payload Control System (PCS) Attachment
The Payload Control System (PCS) is an attachment to the
standard 988G. This system tracks data regarding the load in the
bucket during operation and provides the operator with the ability
to track the load dumped into each truck. In the operators station,
PCS features a numeric keypad and easy-to-view display. Optional
onboard ticket printing capability is achieved through an available
thermal printer. PCS is connected to the other controls systems via
the Cat Data Link.
PCS keypad
Data that can be recorded in the PCS includes:

Loader identification number
Date, time, weight and number of passes
Material identification
Up to 21 different materials
Truck identification numbers (up to five digits)
Up to 2,639 truck loads
This data can be displayed in twelve different reports to help
improve various aspects of the operation, from production
measurement to inventory control to machine operation and
personnel scheduling.
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Product Description
The 988G is designed with an increased emphasis on easily
accessible routine maintenance items. This encourages completion
of the maintenance tasks which helps extend the machines
service life.
Serviceability
Electronic Technician
Electronic Technician (ET) is a software program which locates
problems and analyzes how to repair them quickly. It also allows
access to the ECM from a personal computer. Using ET, the status
of a group of parameters (temperatures, pressures, etc.) can be
displayed simultaneously, and it is possible to view and clear active
and logged diagnostics or display the current configuration of the
ECM. Diagnostic tests and calibrations can also be performed
with the software.
Daily Maintenance
The 988G offers unmatched accessibility to all service points
for daily maintenance through 250-hour service intervals.
Most daily maintenance checks can be performed from the
left side of the machine.
Remote grease fittings near the right side articulation joint make
axle and cylinder greasing fast and easy. A ground level hydraulic
oil sight gauge on the same side expedites pre-start level checks.
An increased area between the cooling system and the engine gives
excellent access for compartment cleaning. Hinged doors on the
left and right side gives additional accessibility for cleaning
between the AMOCS radiator and the air aftercooler and
condenser area.
Left side serviceability
Lockable doors can help protect the service areas from vandalism.
On the right side of the engine compartment, service doors give
access to the air filter, engine oil fast fill, fuel filter and ECM.
Maintenance-free batteries and the cooling system are also
accessible from the right side. The engine oil filter and SOS port,
engine oil check and fill, transmission and coolant sight gauges,
fuel/water separator and air cleaner indicator are all accessible
from the left side of the 988G.
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Product Description
Application Match and Tires
The 988G is an aggressive first gear loader in face and bank

excavation and is capable of taking full advantage of the
impressive hydraulic and rimpull power. With increased dump
clearance, the 988G can easily load off-highway trucks ranging
from 36 to 63 tonnes (40 to 70 ton) capacities. Versatility is
also designed into the machine with well-balanced rimpull and
hydraulics to provide a quick and efficient loose material loader
and improved load and carry performance.
The 988G utilizes a newly designed rim that accommodates the

larger wheel bearings and final drive area. It maintains the same
35/65-33 tires as the 988F Series II, however, the ply rating is
upgraded to 36 ply to better handle higher payload capacities.
In applications requiring additional lateral stability, such as
travel on uneven floor conditions and dense material handling
at high load heights, the 988G offers several 42 ply tire options.
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Product Description
Bucket
Description
Capacity
Weight
Cutting Edge
Thickness
Spade Rock
6.4 m3
(8.33 yd3)
4665 kg
(10,285 lb)
50.8 mm
(2 in)
J460
No
Spade Nose
Rock
6.6 m3
(8.7 yd3)
4701 kg
(10,364 lb)
50.8 mm
(2 in)
J460
No
Large Spade
Rock
6.9 m3
(9.0 yd3)
4740 kg
(10,450 lb)
50.8 mm
(2 in)
J460
No
Straight Rock
6.3 m3
(8.2 yd3)
4468 kg
(9850 lb)
50.8 mm
(2 in)
J460
No
General Purpose
7.0 m3
(9.2 yd3)
4,289 kg
(9455 lb)
50.8 mm
(2 in)
J460
No
Heavy Duty
Quarry
6.4 m3
(8.33 yd3)
6016 kg
(13,261 lb)
63.5 mm
(2.5 in)
J550
Yes
High Abrasion
6.4 m3
(8.33 yd3)
6113 kg
(13,476 lb)
63.5 mm
(2.5 in)
J550
Yes
G.E.T.
Buckets
Floor/Shell
Liners
Bucket weights include segments and short teeth if offered.
Bucket design
The 988G has several bucket sizes available ranging from 6.3 to
7.0 cubic meter (8.2 to 9.2 yd3) that may be configured for a variety
of impact and abrasive conditions. All buckets are built with shelltine construction that resists twisting and distortion and feature
replaceable, weld-on wear plates to protect the bottom of the
bucket. An integral rock guard helps retain big loads while heavyduty pins and retainers provide durability. In addition, the Aurora
Bucket Group and Caterpillar Work Tools offer additional bucket
sizes and types. Please contact them for any special needs.
Standard buckets feature improved wear protection on the bucket
sides larger side wear plates, dual side bar protection capability
and conventional weld-on bottom wear protection. Mechanically
Attached Wear Plates (MAWP) for bucket bottom protection,
which use the compression retention system, are available as
an option. The compression retention system allows for less
replacement downtime, resulting in lower operating costs.
Spade Edge Rock Buckets with bolt-on segments are available
in 6.4, 6.6 and 6.9 cubic meters (8.33, 8.7 and 9.0 yd3). Each accepts
up to two sets of sidebar protectors and features shouldered,
double strap adapters, easily changed bolt-on segments and
several tip options.
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Product Description
Straight Edge Rock Buckets are available in 6.3 cubic meter
(8.2 yd3) Straight Edge Rock and 7.0 cubic meter (9.2 yd3) General
Purpose configurations. The 6.3 cubic meter (8.2 yd3) Straight
Edge Rock bucket features shouldered, double strap adapters and
accepts two sets of sidebar protectors, bolt-on segments and tips.
The 7.0 cubic meter (9.2 yd3) General Purpose bucket is available
with bolt-on cutting edge, bolt-on adapters or bolt-on adapters
with segments.
Heavy Duty Quarry Bucket is available with a 6.4 cubic meter
(8.33 yd3) capacity and is recommended for use in face loading
where moderate abrasion and high impact is encountered. This
bucket features additional wear protection items including thicker
base edge and adapters, additional liners and wear plates, bolt-on
half arrow segments and four sidebar protectors.
High Abrasion Bucket is available with a 6.4 cubic meter
(8.33 yd3) capacity and is recommended for use in face loading
where high abrasion and moderate impact is encountered.
This bucket features additional wear protection items including
independently attached edge and adapter covers, additional liners
and wear plates, one set of sidebar protectors and a thicker base edge.
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Product Description
Performance Results
Several job performance studies have been conducted comparing

the 988G to the 988F Series II and 988F Series II High Lift.
These studies show productivity advantages in the range of 10 to
20 percent in loose rock, load and carry and overburden material
loading 36 to 63 tonnes (40 to 70 ton) off-highway trucks.
Overburden Material
3 pass loading Cat 769 trucks
Cycle Time*
Travel Loaded
Dump
Travel Empty
Load
Total Cycle Time
Production**
Cycles/60 min. hr.
Bucket Size m3 (yd3)
Avg. Bucket Payload t (T)
Bucket Fill Factor
Avg. Truck Payload t (T)
Tonnes/60 min. hr.
(Tons/60 min. hr.)
988F II Baseline
Fuel
Tonnes/Liter
(Tons/U.S. Gal)
Liters/60 min. hr.
(U.S. Gal/60 min. hr.)
988F II Baseline
988F II
0.147
0.091
0.096
0.227
0.561
988F II HL
0.139
0.070
0.097
0.204
0.510
988G
0.111
0.082
0.098
0.186
0.477
107.0
6.3 (8.25)
12.89 (14.21)
111%
38.67 (42.63)
1379
(1521)
100%
117.6
5.7 (7.5)
11.65 (12.85)
111%
34.96 (38.54)
1370
(1511)
99%
125.8
6.36 (8.33)
13.11 (14.46)
112%
39.35 (43.38)
1650
(1819)
120%
74.17
(81.77)
70.40
(18.60)
100%
70.32
(77.53)
73.77
(19.49)
95%
87.99
(97.01)
70.97
(18.75)
119%
**Cycle Time in minutes

Overburden earth/rock mix, estimated density 2370 kg/lcm (3100 lb/lcy)
**Production based on average bucket payload and cycle time, it does not
include normal delays or truck transfer time.
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35
Product Description
Loose Rock
3 pass loading Cat 769 trucks
Cycle Time*
Travel Loaded
Dump
Travel Empty
Load
Total Cycle Time
Production**
Cycles/60 min. hr.
Total Tonnes/Study Period
(Total Tons/Study Period)
Bucket Fill Factor
Tonnes/60 min. hr.
(Tons/60 min. hr.)
988F II Baseline
Fuel
Tonnes/Liter
(Tons/U.S. Gal)
Liters/60 min. hr.
988F II Baseline
988F II
0.122
0.073
0.095
0.112
0.402
988F II HL
0.130
0.060
0.092
0.108
0.390
988G
0.117
0.063
0.094
0.106
0.380
149.3
6.3 (8.25)
375.63
(414.15)
10.43 (11.50)
100%
31.30 (34.51)
1557
(1717)
100%
153.9
5.7 (7.5)
340.99
(375.95)
9.47 (10.44)
99%
28.42 (31.33)
1458
(1607)
94%
157.9
6.9 (9.0)
400.03
(441.05)
11.11 (12.25)
97%
33.33 (36.75)
1754
(1934)
113%
92.21
(101.66)
63.93
(16.89)
100%
81.98
(90.38)
67.29
(17.78)
89%
102.83
(113.37)
64.57
(17.06)
112%

Loose Material Mode on Material rock, estimated density 2064 kg/lcm (2700 lb/lcy)
**Production based on average bucket payload and cycle time, it does not reflect normal delays
or truck transfer time.
36
TEJB7023
November 2000
Product Description
Load and Carry
Cycle Time*
Travel Loaded
Dump
Travel Empty
Load
Total Cycle Time
Production**
Cycles/60 min. hr.
Bucket Fill Factor
Tonnes/60 min. hr.
(Tons/60 min. hr.)
988F II HL Baseline
Fuel
Tonnes/Liter
(Tons/U.S. Gal)
Liters/60 min. hr.
988F II Baseline
988F II
0.524
0.068
0.338
0.139
1.069
988F II HL
0.469
0.055
0.318
0.127
0.969
988G
0.493
0.058
0.326
0.136
1.013
56.1
6.3 (8.25)
9.16 (10.10)
87%
514
(567)
100%
61.9
5.7 (7.5)
8.37 (9.23)
88%
518
(571)
101%
59.2
6.9 (9.0)
9.67 (10.66)
85%
572
(631)
111%
31.65
(34.89)
61.51
(16.25)
100%
27.15
(29.93)
72.23
(19.08)
86%
34.51
(38.0)
62.87
(16.61)
109%

The haul distance included 36 576 mm (120 ft) of +3%, 21 641 mm (71 ft) of +4% and a ramp of
21 641 mm (71 ft) of +15%. The return was a mirror image of the haul.
Loose Material Mode on, material rock, estimated density 2217 kg/lcm (2900 lb/lcy)
**Production based on average bucket payload and cycle time, it does not include normal delays
or truck transfer time.
November 2000
TEJB7023
37
Product Description
Overburden Material
4 pass loading Cat 773 and 5 pass loading Cat 775 trucks
Cycle Time*
Travel Loaded
Dump
Travel Empty
Load
Total Cycle Time
988F II HL
0.148
0.095
0.113
0.238
0.594
988G
0.134
0.094
0.114
0.187
0.529
Production**
Cycles/60 min. hr.
Bucket Fill Factor
Tonnes/60 min. hr.
(Tons/60 min. hr.)
988F II HL Baseline
101.0
5.7 (7.5)
12.05 (13.29)
114%
53.06 (58.50)
1217
(1342)
100%
113.4
6.3 (8.25)
13.11 (14.45)
113%
57.66 (63.57)
1487
(1639)
122%

Overburden earth/rock mix, estimated density 3100 kg/lcm (2370 lb/lcy)
**Production based on average bucket payload and cycle time, it does not
include normal delays or truck transfer time.
38
TEJB7023
November 2000
Specifications
Operation/Bucket Specifications
Straight
Rock
Rated capacity ()
m3
yd3
m3
yd3
mm
in
Struck capacity ()
Width ()
Dump clearance at full lift and
45 discharge. With teeth*:
Bare ():
Reach at full lift and 45
discharge.
With teeth*:
Bare ():
Teeth &
Segments
6.3
8.2
5.2
6.7
3800
150"
Spade Rock
Teeth &
Segments
6.4
8.33
5.3
6.9
3800
150"
Teeth &
Segments
6.6
8.7
5.5
7.2
3900
154"
Teeth &
Segments
6.9
9.0
5.7
7.5
3980
157"
Gen.
Purpose
H.D.
Quarry
High
Abrasion
Teeth &
Segments
7.0
9.2
5.9
7.7
3729
147"
Teeth &
Segments
6.4
8.33
5.3
6.9
3800
150"
Teeth &
Segments
6.4
8.33
5.3
6.9
3926
155"
mm
in
mm
in
4199
13' 9"
4460
14' 8"
3994
13' 1"
4276
14' 0"
3994
13' 1"
4278
14' 0"
3994
13' 1"
4278
14' 0"
4333
14' 3"
3930
12' 11"
4285
14' 1"
3905
12' 10"
4275
14' 0"
mm
in
mm
in
1895
6' 3"
1669
5' 6"
2096
6' 11"
1613
5' 3"
2099
6' 11"
1655
5' 5"
2099
6' 11"
1648
5' 5"
1838
6' 0"
2127
7' 0"
1616
5' 4"
2187
7' 2"
1612
5' 3"
Reach with boom horizontal

and bucket level.With teeth*:
mm
4199
4485
4488
4488
4553
in
13' 9"
14' 9"
14' 9"
14' 9"
14' 11"
Bare ():
mm
3854
3746
3804
3795
4064
3750
in
12' 8"
12' 4"
12' 6"
12' 5"
13' 4"
12' 4"
Digging depth ()
mm
129.2
99.7
98.1
99.6
99.6
99.7
in
5.1"
3.9"
3.9"
3.9"
3.9"
3.9"
Overall length
With teeth*:
mm
12 238
12 505
12 508
12 508
12 572
in
40' 2"
41' 0"
41' 0"
41' 0"
41' 3"
Bare:
mm
11 893
12 163
12 160
12 160
12 083
12 151
in
39' 0"
39' 11"
39' 11"
39' 11"
39' 8"
39' 10"
Overall height with bucket at
mm
8164
8164
8164
8164
7943
8164
full raise ()
in
26' 9"
26' 9"
26' 9"
26' 9"
26' 1"
26' 9"
Loader clearance circle with bucket in
carry position. With teeth*:
mm
17 588
17 500
17 656
17 722
17 602
in
57' 8"
57' 5"
57' 11"
58' 2"
57' 9"
Bare ():
mm
17 482
17 394
17 550
17 616
17 408
17 496
in
57' 4"
57' 1"
57' 7"
57' 9"
57' 1"
57' 5"
Static tipping load straight
kg
32 725
32 282
32 278
32 280
32 626
30 824
lb
72,146
71,169
71,160
71,164
71,927
67,955
Static tipping load at full
kg
29 136
28 705
28 699
28 700
29 079
27 246
35 turn
lb
64,223
63,283
63,270
63,273
64,108
60,067
kg
28 081
27 654
27 647
27 648
28 037
26 195
40 turn
lb
61,907
60,966
60,951
60,953
61,810
57,750
kg
27 391
26 968
26 959
26 961
27 354
25 509
43 turn ()
lb
60,386
59,464
59,434
59,438
60,305
56,237
Breakout force ()
kN
548
460
460
460
484
455
lb
123,300
103,500
103,500
103,500
108,900
102,375
Operating weight ()
kg
49 846
50 090
50 120
50 127
49 560
51 352
lb
109,890
110,428
110,495
110,510
109,260
113,211
() Specifications and ratings conform to all applicable standards recommended by the Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE Standards
4613
15' 2"
3746
12' 4"
101.9
4.0"
12 634
41' 5"
12 165
39' 11"
8164
26' 9"
17 544
57' 7"
17 438
57' 2"
30 793
67,086
27 215
59,998
26 165
57,683
25 478
56,169
451
101,475
51 400
113,316
J732C govern loader ratings and are denoted in the text by ().
Dimensions are also measured to the tip of the bucket teeth to provide accurate clearance data. SAE Standards specifies the cutting edge.
Static tipping load and operating weight shown are based on standard machine configuration with 35/65-33, L-4 tires, full fuel tank, coolant,
lubricants and operator.
Measured 102 mm (4.0"): behind tip of cutting edge with bucket hinge pin as pivot point in accordance with SAE J732C.
November 2000
TEJB7023
39
Specifications
Dimensions
All dimensions are approximate.
65
45
5886 mm
(19' 4")
5560 mm
(18' 3")
4155 mm
(13' 8")
4146 mm
(13' 7")
55.5
3416 mm
(11' 2")
3185 mm
(10' 5")
787 mm
(31")
583 mm
(23")
2275 mm
(7' 6")
45.7
1012 mm
(3' 3")
4550 mm
(14' 11")
3132 mm
(10' 3")
Dimensions vary with bucket. Refer to operation specifications chart on page 20.
Tire Dimensions/Specifications
35/65-33, 36-ply L-4 General (Standard)

35/65-33, 36-ply L-4 Firestone
35/65-33, 36-ply L-5S Firestone
35/65-33, 42-ply L-5 Bridgestone
35/65-33, 36-ply L-5 General
35/65-33, 42-ply L-5S General
35/65-33, 42-ply L-5 General
35/65-33, RL4K L-4 Goodyear
35/65-33, 42-ply L-5 Goodyear
875/65-33, 2-Star L-5 Goodyear
35/65 R33, 1-Star L-4 Michelin
Width over tires

mm
inches
3543
139.5
3515
138.4
3574
140.7
3537
139.3
3554
139.9
3538
139.3
Ground
clearance
mm
inches
583
23.0
498
19.6
508
20.8
550
21.7
514
20.2
520
20.5
Change in
vertical
dimensions
mm
inches
85
3.3
75
3.0
33
1.3
69
2.7
63
2.5
NOTE: In certain applications (such as load-and-carry work) the loaders productive capabilities might exceed the tires tonnes-km/f (ton-mph) capabilities. Caterpillar
recommends that you consult a tire supplier to evaluate all conditions before selecting a tire model. Other special tires are available on request.
40
TEJB7023
November 2000
Specifications
Supplemental Specifications
35/65-33, 36-ply L-4 General (Standard)

35/65-33, 36-ply L-4 Firestone
35/65-33, 36-ply L-5S Firestone
35/65-33, 42-ply L-5 Bridgestone
35/65-33, 36-ply L-5 General
35/65-33, 42-ply L-5S General
35/65-33, 42-ply L-5 General
35/65-33, RL4K L-4 Goodyear
35/65-33, 42-ply L-5 Goodyear
875/65-33, 2-Star L-5 Goodyear
Change in Operating
Weight Standard
(for four tires)
kg
lb
+1103
+2,608
+553
+1,152
1047
2,308
+659
+1,452
987
2,176
339
748
Change in Full
Turn Static
Tipping Load
kg
lb
+686
+1,512
+321
+708
608
1,340
+383
+844
573
1,263
197
435
To accommodate L-5 slicks and/or chains for the rear axle, optional
axle oscillation blocks need to be ordered. These blocks limit rear
axle oscillation from plus or minus 13 degrees to approximately
plus or minus 6 degrees. Axle oscillation limits reduce the
possibility of sheet metal/tire interference.
November 2000
TEJB7023
41
Notes
42
TEJB7023
November 2000
Notes
November 2000
TEJB7023
43
The information contained herein is intended for circulation only to Caterpillar and dealer employees whose duties require knowledge of such reports and is
intended exclusively for their information and training. It may contain unverified analysis and facts observed by various Caterpillar or dealer employees. However,
effort has been made to provide reliable results regarding any information comparing Caterpillar built and competitive machines. Effort has been made to use the
latest available spec sheet and other material in the full understanding that these are subject to change without notice.
Any reproduction of this release without the foregoing explanation is prohibited.
TEJB7023
November 2000
www.CAT.com
2000 Caterpillar
Printed in U.S.A.

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Caterpillar Product Information

988G Wheel Loader

For Dealer Sales Personnel

Cat 988G Wheel Loader

Cat 988G Wheel Loader

Caterpillar 3456 Electronic Unit Injection (EUI), six-cylinder, turbocharged

Cat 988G Wheel Loader

Cat 988G Wheel Loader

Benefits and Features

Cat 988G Wheel Loader

Gallery cooled steel pistons

Better ring control, improved emissions, better performance and

Cylinder head exhaust port sleeves

Reduces heat rejection, resulting in less heat transfer into water

Air flow matched turbocharger

Reduces vibration transfer to frame and cab

Single overhead camshaft design

Allows increased cylinder head pressures for improved horsepower,

Flywheel Power and Torque Rise

Cat 3456 EUI diesel engine

The bearing area in the 3456 engine has increased by 19 percent.

Cat 988G Wheel Loader

REMAN CYLINDER PACK

REMAN CYLINDER HEAD

MAIN BEARINGS (kit)

CONNECTING ROD BEARING

OIL PAN GASKET

CYLINDER HEAD GASKET

EST. PRICE TOTAL

The 988G cooling system has been upgraded to the Advanced

Cat 988G Wheel Loader

Electronic Clutch Pressure Control

Improves shift quality, reduces torque spikes, improves overall

Control Throttle Shifting

Allows smoother shifts with lower torque spikes for improved

Impeller Clutch Torque Converter

Improves transmission component life, rimpull controllability

Optional Torque Converter

Reduces fuel consumption by improving efficiency during travel

Increases operator efficiency by allowing transmission to shift

The 988G uses an updated version of the heavy-duty powershift

Cat 988G Wheel Loader

Planetary powershift transmission

This design uses individual clutch housings as the case enclosing

Cat 988G Wheel Loader

The driveshaft, axles, differentials and axle shaft brakes on the

Additional design changes include separate front and rear axle

Cat 988G Wheel Loader

Cat 988G Wheel Loader

Rimpull Control System (RCS)

RCS rocker switch

RCS control dial

Cat 988G Wheel Loader

Fabricated box boom linkage

Improves rigidity, lift/dump clearance, visibility and overall

Box rail section with straight side

Improved bending and torsional strength

Reduces engine and transmission noise and vibration

90% robotically welded frame

Provides consistent welds with deep plate penetration and excellent

Box style sections in upper and

Improves frame structure rigidity and increases

Large center hitch window design

Convenient component access