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n (Common eland)
#= R\ (Common/Golden Jackal)
#= nyH (Common bushbuck)
I~ (Abyssinian colobus)
w (African civet cat)
Oa (Common duiker)
]

/ (Spotted Hyena) EA #= / (Stripped hyena)
#= x\ (Anubis baboon)
00\ (Common warthog)
d ZY (Wild pig) LU Ag,,
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Black-faced firefinch/Lagonosticta larvata

Dark-headed Oriole/Oriolus monacha
4 )G (Harwood's rancolin/Francolinus harwoodi)
Red throated bee eater/Merops bulocki
Rueppell's Robin-chat/Cossypha semirufa
m
j! (Ruppell's chat/Myrmecocichla melaena)
Swainson's Sparrow/Passer swainsonii
Tacazze sunbird/Nectarinia tacazze
x= (Vulturine guineafowl)
11
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(Central Ethiopian Highlands Endemic Bird Areas)
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E&m #h
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Black-faced Firefinch
Red throated bee eater
Chestnut-crowned Sparrow-Weaver
Black-rumped Waxbill
Green-backed Eremomela
Ei3 A1\ !\

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AE+1! x
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E&m a
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Dark-headed Oriole
Harwood's Francolin
Rueppell's Robin-chat
Ruppell's chat
Tacazze sunbird
Swainson's Sparrow
N- E(`- AE+1! x 0A1\ !\

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1 A1= Globally threatened species, A2= Restricted-range/ Endemic species, A3= Biome-Restricted species (Global IBA Criteria).
12
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! 1=1I !A /x. -*X H*
01#2 O! E" (,,

A
6. #F\ 8 u

A A7G ! 34
R
0A È)/ \ *7G (,, A38 XG! #7A0
y u
Y*! 0!=* EA AY=
5 mGA A|= (+wA ! E Z!
01#2 A E"! *2
,, Xf! #F\ 8 7G E 0 ~I 7G
0&! OY e*Y&>A Y-"z -H> ! h EO*h # ~
Y ^ n@ Y`h! 0OYA 0A Y-"/ h (! H*
n n *H
,,
7. `H
'( (HR) ES A=!
0
7AA ~ Y( #(Z uw (ES u) 0!=*
/j
' 01 y
R E 0 400 / 1 2,, AQm A Y-"/
ER! p R "/"/ 0[ G #J* EO
'( Ah7A
,, *'8 0pH A r uw ./ EO*7(RWA * /5 / !
Y[!A ! / Y" R ! A ' / u!A ES
`k |O * #+H
,, 0N- pH AiAu*A Y*/w XO X 5 7 ES
A= Y-=!A A T& ' 0Hg ./! A7uR H* !
#0"# '8A E1!A Yh : F
hg ES ~ A3 n
! <ng RH EZ! u75 #h
7A XnR *,,
26
8. X"
#F\ 8 #0# 0!=*
h X" F! ! '

#* #F\ 8 7G A ghw 34 F
3
5 y
0#F\ ./! u AQ (! H* F

h
,,
9. AY h
#F\ /G c ' AG
0xx }[< S[ E ! AYh #F\ r

H
#ZZ* A\I@5 } A ^" 7k X* p Gw! &
` #A Y= 1= (,, #F\ 8 +A(! @/#-#A
nHn
# -O (Combretum-Terminalia Woodland Ecosystem) X
' *- Z
/G 1= !2 c E
/ Y*A J! #uzA 7G g
E " GY W E^! )H +~ @ ES ~1 } + HA
]
E$+! `c u /In-situ conservation/ A
5!

c
'( /G 1= ' 1= (,,
N- *- c }u=< un w"u u=[! d E Z! -(! #
-O u e*Y&>A w> G 7/) Y)!A wx 0"7 G
t !-!A Z*Z> \ & A #+$O 0/G 1= '
AG Yh FL EA /G 1= ' 0& 7Rq AQ 0#
n #!
,,
9.1. Z /G 1= & 7Rq
7Rq
1. # -O=> 7Rq (ECOSYSTEM VALUES)

8 A A # -O EO*~ 01#2 A #+ h
,,
J! #uz! W E^! ES ~1 + H " ]
GYA
)H +~ E$+! 7G H
,, Z /G 1= /x. -*X!
Z*7J Ei& h
,, A A ~ Ei7G H
,, d E Z!A
E$+! cg Ei7WA EO*7k *O
,,
(ECO
OMICAL
VALUES
2. I@&> 7Rq (EC
ONOM
ICAL VALUE
S)
Z /G 1= 0/ h #*} 0wx AY= -/#"zA
! 2
,, Z /G 1= u =#(!A b(! Ei3
#FR I@&> EG u H* #1 A -/#"/ R#2 #7u
*'A
,, 0A *Z> A! EG u h #*} A A AG
/
,, I@wx EG u JJ A -/#"/ An u=Y 2
U JM,, A A ~ 7G 0Et = [ `HA
27
A #YY *'A
,, '_
A A
5! 7! (+w 8\Ag Ytt
*H,, ES ~1 M

A EZ `H(! 7R H
,,
SOCIAL
VALUES
3. Y-=> 7Rq ((SO
SO
CIAL VALUE
S)
YRJ>A Y-"> '8 7u -
A
n
*&=
,, 0Z /G
1= aa h #*} #
YL JJ! !/! I@ wx Y-=!
=! "A E Z! A H *(,, #F\ 8 -
neL
AA Ob Y-"/ (!
*H
,, A (+w
8 7G '( Az 7R
U 34 *F7=
,, ~wY
E A E} X} Y
Y! A!
!A Z E Ei Yn H
,,
ESA ]
E$+L Y
Y! `H(! 7R H
,, 8 !
"aA O
t. OY! e*Y&>A w> G (g #7/) !
n Ei#Hk
Yn H
,,
CIENTIF
VALUES
4. Z*Z> 7Rq ((S
SCIENTI
FIC VALUE
S)
d E"Z!A E$+! ! 34A #F\> A=g
YE0
(! H
,, -H> n.L -(! 7GA 00/ G H*
Y+
*Z> A! Y<n *O
,, J! H d E Z!A E$+! H*
Z*Z> n H
,, #F\ 8A A> -(! /x.
-*X!A # -O #0
Hg A #+$O
- '8 N- n
\ Hc=L ' *H
,,
(NATURALNESS
SS))
5. #F\>(! 7Rq (NATURALNE
SS
E #F\ 8 0"
A ! E Z! #$E& (Q *' A=>(!
0A #t '8 #F\>(! 7/) Y)! H
,, r ! /x.
-*X!A p5 (AF .A I! ARYY) #F\> g )*# `

G Ei"rA #F\> *`g EO*o
*O
,,
(AES
VALUES
6. -/(! 7Rq (AE
STHETIC VALUE
S)
A #F\> *` "
R
/ z Y= A E
"r U
0j c ! ' 0#F\> -/( #^Yw A
e*Y&> w>A -H> EG wx _t
./L ` c (,,
9.2
9.2. /G "1= ' AG Yh FL
28
#F\ u -/! (IUCN) /G 1=(! R7 F! !

AYh #F\ /G 1= Ei' ! (c H #F\
E$+!A d E Z! YE0
E'( 0# 34 #`x
,,
1. X* '( ( -O (REPRESENTATIVENESS)

#F\ 8
G ]A G=! 1^J "n EZ! - X A `H

'( (HR) ES A=!A X" L 0J 34 E#|O '
A @/#-#A
#--O X
'( /G 1=(! 0
#0: #J"
Y! R7A X* '( /<=> ? { /G 1= ' *H
,,
0 #--O
A #^Yw 4 )G m
j! /H <nn I ! OwT
I~ )H AhÀ n Z" /GA E

/ Y* d E Z! Ei3
# AE+J!A A 7G X* A (,, 0N- #^Yw AYh
= /j pH c E
/ Y*A S {A 01#2 1!
Hg E " GY } ES ~1 W E^!A + Z" ~
! #F\ (,, '( #ZZ* #--O Hg p5 A 020
q! H* W!A 08 q! H* 7( w Hg ~ Y[! A ghw (::
2. /x. -*X! ! (DIVERSITY)

Z /G 1= u<er 030 H* LLp u= ` eX 0102 H*
` 0112 H* }K ` k ' 0N- W
E^! + ES ~1 H y
A'Y A5 X* = GY ]
X`# Z"! E$+! /~! *

,, #^Yw 4 )G m
j! /H
<nn I ! OwT
I~ )H AhÀ n Z" /GA = E
/
Y* d E Z! *
,, '( /x.--*X!
#ZZ*
A\ I@5 } 0 c #t E'( O! *jH
,,
3. Y=A ! #F\ $ (DISTINCTIVENESS)

7GHH #F\ 8 0860-1767 q 01
(! ' M)A
X} #0JF #== ""L #H '8 #F\ 8
+
,, *- '8 A/~2 G )YA #X"(
y X*A h
#--O EA #` E$+! / AL ` '8 {A 01#2 1!
Hg ~ #MF( (,, 0N- #^Yw c #F\ E}
E A ~wY X} #0
5 ' w>A e*Y&> L /j #7/)
& #F\ (,, r A!A # E$+!A /G
d E Z! *
,, w>A e*Y&> G ("aA O
t +
n OY!) 8
'Ag AYh #F\ 0p5 /G 1= #

,,
29
4. ( -O=> 7Rq (ECOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE)

Z /G 1= A A # -O EO*~ 01#2 A #+$O
' #* 0A # #t ]J H xA/
# #0 Ei' H
,, *- A
J! #uz! W
E^! )H +~ @ ES ~1 } +A E$+! 7G
H
,, A d E Z!A E$+! A*(! '( /~! #F\>
$g Ei7W h
,, /G d E Z!A E$+! cg Ei7WA
EO*7k *O
,,
Y! R7A # #0 . ./! Ei& H
,,
5.
Z
/G
1=
H*
E

A>
#$E&
(DEGREE OF
INTERFERENCE)
G ]A G=!
- X 1^J
"n EZ!
- X A
A -/#"/ ~
#F\ 8 u A A7G ! 34 EA
`H
'( (HR) ES A=! A38 XG! #F\ 8 E#Fb
+A +A \ Ag,,
6. Z /G 1= Z*Z> 7Rq (S

(SCIENTIF
CIENTIFIC AND
AND MONIT
MONIT
NITO
ORING
RING US
USES)
E$+!A d E"Z! #F\ Ag YA!
(! H
,, A
!!
& 7Rq #F\ ~ ! H
,, d E$+!
AbAA #F\> En!A " S
u /(! S Y! H
,,
7. c J! (AREA SIZE)

Z /G c /G 1=(! #xc r ! #F\ ./L x
An ]- < 7G *&
IUCN F! HA
028326 </ H* J! c (,,
8. G X* 7( w (SHAPE)

/G 1= aab! XG! #j 7 xG#2 7( w Ei&=g
*7u
,, AYh #F\ 0 X}A M) #0JF
#JYA #==Y c ! ' 0 y
#F\ E E}A
~wY X} #0 '8 3
5 0
c #R X"
!,, #^Yw 0 J A
* #F\ 8 7( w X* O n
30
XS(! Y*~!A G 0SS(! *

G X /(! #7h '8 uA
W S A ' RH O! EO*h ~
,,
9. r /GA nG x (ENDEMICITY)

= / c E
/ Y*! 0HHG A I~ )H AhÀ
n ! ' 0AE+1! x 0
4 )G m
j!A /H
<nn I ! OwT
! '8 /G 1= ' c (,,
9.3. Z /G 1= 7RqA /G c ' AG Yh FL
! xnA
AYh #F\ Z /G 1= ' 01#2 7Rq A `> '(
n 0#7R "Sg 7Rq A> A=>A
YRJ> A #+$O
*&=g+
,, #* ]JA
n=> ARY /x. -*X!A
#F\> $ 07G A
bR!A c
R! R( |H E"#+$O
*&+
,,
'( #F\ 8 /G 1= ' "7 7Rq (Values) IUCN /G
1= ' YH! 0 FL (Quality Criteria) h Y(Q c
/G 1= ' AG F#M F
h
,, N- "7 4 #F\ 8
"7 7Rq /G 1= ' YH! 0 FL h Y(Q
7G X { (Protected Area Category) X" H
,,
An #F\ /G 1= ' c /G 1= ' "7 7Rq
(Values) IUCN /G 1= ' YH! 0 FL (Quality Criteria)
h (Q 75 0L H* ! YZ! *&
,, 07 4 H* Y!
Ej $$m X | '( X A/~2 75 0L H* Z* '8
#F\ 8 /G 1= ' AG EO H
,,
9.4. AY h #F\ Z /G 1= ' +A
HY
AYh /G 1= ' AG /x. -*X! ./! 0"7 7RqA

IUCN /G 1= ' YH! 0 FL (Quality Criteria) AQ
#h
,, *3 E AYh IUCN /G 1= { (Protected Area
Category) "! !2 n/ (Protected Area Category I-VI) H E
EA Zg w { Y (Primary Management Objectives) !A

X" F
h
,, N- Z4 `n AY h !2 { /
E
AY= (Possibilities) "7 5 "! #H
,,
31
An #F\ !2 /G 1= { (protected area category) E/

X" 8 /G 1= ' YZ! ! w { HY (Primary
management objective) !A YXG ' *&
,,
X*(!
/x.
-*X!

I@5>
7R
A
H* A
7
A
Z*Z>
7Rq
c J!
G$ /7(
w/
/GA
nG
x
{
01#2 %
"7 4. AY h #F\ 7RqA /G 1= ' AG `2 FL $$
(--O=>
7Rq
02
89
#F>(!
7Rq
x3
89
I@&
7Rq
100
Y-=>
7Rq
100
Z*Z>
7Rq
100
-/(!
7Rq
100
100
100
100
100
67
100
100
100
100
94.5
{ 01#2
%
7 5 H* Y! Ej AYh { 3! (protected area category II)
"! /G 1= ' #= W 2 E 8 0#Rr! w { HY
#R 3 Z *'A
,, N- AYh /<=> ? { Yaa
*jH
,, *3 E 3 nt AH! Z /G 1= A38 XG!
F 34 1! yHg nt XS! EA c -h> EGA E
n Az Y 7G *g+
,, N- #F\ 8 H* E#Fb \
b b Y Xn E 0#j n AYh 0#! w { HY
(Primary management objective) Z *'A
,,
/x. -*X!A # -O u
@/#-#A
nHn (Combretum-Terminalia Woodland Ecosystem) EA X}A
M) #0! . O & #--O [ /x.
-*X! ./! `c
Y!A u Y<n
E$+!A E"Z! /
Y
Y!A 7G ## !
Y #H1
#F\ -H>A w> -c 7GA Y
Y! wx 7R
2
3
0,- 01!2 1-2 \A YHg (c

x,- xG#2 03! H* \A YHg (c
32
#F\>A Y= '( I! ARY w>A -H> -c 7GA

Y
Y! "
AE\ Yt Yn xA2 En5 17A 0(#F\>
$ Y)! r ! #F\> -H> w>A e*Y&> ./L
`> wx
Y! G H* Y+
7 5. Matrix for protected area categories and Management objectives (IUCN, 1994)4
No.
1
Management categories
Scientific research
Habitat/Species
Management Area
Protected
Landscape/Seascap
e
Managed Resource
Protected Area
Total
(%)
Natural Monument
VI
National Park
Wilderness area
IV
Strict natural
reserve
IUCN protected area categories

Ia
Ib
II
III
22
Wilderness protection
11
Preservation of species
and genetic diversity
22
Maintenance of
environmental services
11
Protection of species,
natural /culture features
44
Tourism and recreation
11
Education
11
Sustainable use of
resources from natural
ecosystems
11
Maintenance of
natural/cultural/traditiona
l attributes
33
Total (%)
11
33
77
22
11
11
11
!-!A Z*Z>

/x. -*X! @/#-#A
nHn # -O (Combretum-Terminalia
Woodland Ecosystem) EA X} #0! . O & (Evergreen Riverine
Vegetation) X
( -O !-!A YE0
Yn `k
7R Z*Z> En! YS!A #F\ ./ A/ n
Y
Y!A 7R
Note: 3= Primary management objective, 2= Secondary management objective,

1=potentially applicable objectives, 0=Not Applicable
33
10. A XG! h7b \

1. /
/ A Y A&,A&,- #F\ & EG ./!A /G 1=
' AG YA! 9: X R! E ox
*7*u
,, #^Yw GG Y1 *7*u
,, E(N-
\ aaA b -(! Yh N- *(! = #/
`h A
Z!A Y 7R F
h
,, *3 E E(N-

WZW #ab FROg b 9: #ZZ*
= XG! hr * #+H
,,
2. ! b #FR A
A',A',- A38 XG! 8\
n(! ! b 0 ! ! FR 70 / R A

A*,, = .w
!A AG F# '8 34
/A E1! Yn (#SS A
h Y[!) *7*u
,, E A
'& E(N- (\ 00F R A

AQ Y[! g=
,, *-
= H* A> #$E& EF7 *2
,,
11.
11. Xf! 0AX g =
N- xx A! #O"" AYh Z /G 1= #F\>A # -O=>
X*( Z*R 7/) Y)!A A/
y Y
Y!A 7R X /G
1=(! EiS Yn n *H
,, *-
& ! X* # -O
]J 0(! 2 0L 01 Ei
A 5 E Yn / 7 /G 1=
Ad EnAZ = *'A
,, N- *- Z /G 1= O nm
#0
5 A+ -h> "(! ! 34 Yjg! X f! 0A g
#=! G #0#
E0# #R7+
,,
11.1.
11.1. A ! Ah AH!
AH! H A A #! R
N- A! ! \ YG/ xx YZXG \ { Y7u

.ZcU H* h= ! 17A A ! 0g AH! H A
A #! R
11.2.
11.2. Z /G 1=
1= !2 /G 1= { (protected
(protected area category)
E/
E/ X"
A ! "! Yn A #F\ /G 1=(! 7Rq
# Y /G 1= { IUCN /G 1= { (protected area category)
"! !2 n/ (Protected area category I-VI) H E
X"A
RS* = 1(! Y0AX #F\ 8 0e*Y&> ! AQ 7G &
0'8 h #*} #F\ ./ A7G ! H* 0OY A4L h (!
H* n Ei3 A|= Rp (+w H* ~ 17 = =!
34
11.3. H = Y0AX
w { _]
O"Z A! R5 xx A! ^t HA -h>
EGA Y"7! An #F\ X /G 1= YS! G #0#
0AX8 A! = Ag,, *3 E #F\ 8 +(2(! 0

G ]A
G=! "n EZ! 1^J EA - X A h #*} 01#2 O! E"!
EA ./ ES( '( 9: Z*"7 1(! HH = Ei<n Yn
11.4. h> EGA Y"7!
_]
xxA H AL #! Y7u (t Yn R#2A
R#2
'8 7Rq #F\ ./! uA wx
Y! Hg A #+$O
Yh Z /G 1= O - EiX" 0_]
xxA H
AL # Y7u .Zc ` hf "(nA G A+ Y`h! 0#
A
4 YG/A h> "(! Y"7!
11.5. #
Y!A c
c !A
!A / ! YFH
uA
Y! g /G 1= { (IUCN criteria for protected area
category (I-VI) selection) "! Z /G 1= /G 1=(! 0
A -h>
"! "7 0'( 0/! \ uA wx
Y! A FH9 '8
#
Y!A c A! !A A FH9 / ! YH!
`/ nh1 YFH
11.6. Ah AH! #Z! #=!A eHf(L !A YZXG
# A! HA #
Y! 0g Ah AH!
Y#1 YZXGA eHf(g EiXrA `H Ah(g Yh XG>
(!A #=> EG Yn
12. O LA nt AH! #=!A eHf(! !#A
!#A
0H* xx #RrA Xf! 0AX g p5 A FH9 = YZ!
O LA nt AH! 7Gg #A eHf(! #F 7
XS! *&g+
,, N- 0H* xx #RrA X f! =! Hg
= XZA Ah Ag #/ #r nt AH!A O R#2 L
#A ef(! #*# E0# #R7+
,,
12.1.
}A XO -
A
-
A wx
35
A+ #7
SA # "! \ = R#2A #7w(! d
E"Z! A!
Y! uA A7uR = ! +A(! 0H* 0#= W 1 E 0 6
#``m X f! 0AX g #=! eHf(! X Y F A!,,
0 /0! # -(! EA 00g Ob w h ' 8
A7G ! H* h= (! H* n (
)
#F\ ./ H* A> hL 0#Xd H 00g AH! h
' H = =! (
)
0Rp A= A0H! h ' A Y-"/ ~ Y ^
!-! 7! (XO)
0 H = H #F\ 8 A+ -h> "(! Ei Y j
(
)
12.2. =
d E Z!
Y!A u
S
#F\ 8 AY=A !=* /<=>
5 0
'8
*)= 7G! 34 Yjg!
12.3.
}A XO #O

/ e*
Yaa 3
5 #F\ 8 1
X"
!A m 1! (
)
#F\ 8 u ! ( Y2 A> A0L
Y Xn Rp A=\A Y-"z YZ = =! (XO)

H = E 0AX Rp #aab / e*5A t
7R #7A0 uA ~ Y ^ = Ei<d Y #
(XO)
RS* !
! A FH9 ! / #7A0 u =
Ei<d Y # (
)
A|= Rp f! ( I! w! #* ] c X
(m! Ei Y #/Yjg! (XO)
12.4.
}A XO /A

A|= Rp A ! E Z! x Ytt
W=g R( EA À> ! E Z! E ` Y JJ!

(XO)
x Ytt
& Y
Y!
E Z! A u
À> R
E! AGc!
36

Z E
Rp #aab / e*5 Y7A0A X = Eiz Yn
(XO)
A|= Rp
Y! = J! Y<n (XO)
A|= Rp EtA ] IL Y(! YZ (XO)
00g Ah AH! h ' ~ Y ^ !-! 7!
(XO)
ES ~1 ! /~! ! #|O '( E n Y1
Ei
N- w XS w #=> Ei' Yn (
)
Rp ES ~1A ]

Y! Y<n (XO)
X} A ZA p5 ./L H* " O! 0H0
AA #* neL Az G H* +Hg b AY(!
Yh (}A XO)
12.5. }A XO A u I! A #OA A7uR

A|= Rp f! ( I! w! #* ] c X
(m! (XO)
A #F\ ./! Ei7G ~ Y ^ !-! 7!
(XO)
!/L A E / ! Ei Jk Ei7A0mA X = Eiz
Yn (XO)
A #$E& Y A! Y<n (}A XO)
12.6.
A XO A #O
H = XG! A FH9 E~ Yn (
A XO)
#F\ 8A A Fb - #F\ ./! n! 0H0
A
)S7 (XO)
] 0# A r E Z! 0H0
(XO)
12.7. XO 1! A|= Rp [ Y-"/ u# - !-! 7!
#F\ 8A A [ #F\ ./! H* - X n9! (A
x 7R
G ] "n EZ!) F$b "c FSA A #Yw
'( Z4 Y"7!
12.8. XO A

#F ne! Rz ne! \A ) H* WA
0!!
Yn
37
p Z Y E ~wY nG) EA E} X} H* x

7R
12.9. "q | } #F\ ./! uA A7uR \=
A FH9 ! / HA u = E~ Yn
0 H H /G 1= < #
Y! Y JJ! =
E~ Yn
12.10. XO .
. YEnA I(
Y )S n{A AY= e*
A7uR Y JJ!
= A XSL Y- Y=! E ~wYA E} X} YEn
Y! = En
17
- 7 . "A E Z! J! Yn
12.11
.11. XO -/! = Y={A Jf
#F\ ./! `H(! 7R Y-=!A YaaA Y=!,
Z A hw Y-=!
YEn A Y-=!
L Y-=!
&
Y! Y-=!
! E Z! E Y-=!
Y-= XG Oi! An| Oi! w! AH!
!
34 Yjg!
13. Y7u
"q | } AiAu* XO [ AYh Z /G 1= /x.
-*X! wx ]T I@& w>A e*Y&> 34 xx A!
#
,, xx A, Z /G 1= r +A(! @/#-#A
nHn #
-O (Combretum-Terminalia Woodland Ecosystem) X
' *Z /G 1= = !2 c E
/ Y*A J!
#uzA 7G g E " GY W E^! )H +~
@ ES ~1 } + HA ]
E$+! ! ' E
4 )G m
j! /H <nn I ! OwT
I~ )H AhÀ
n Z" /GA = E
/ Y* d E Z! Ei3
# AE+J!A A 7G X* A E'( Yh #v
,,
38
AYh #F\> *` "

R
/ z Y= A
E "r U
0j c (Y*RHd Y*='! =A
y Ac o
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14. + 1! (References)
1. Azene Bekele Tesema (1993). Useful Trees and Shrubs for Ethiopia: Identification,
Propagation and World Agroforestry Center, RELMA, ICRAF Eastern Africa Region,
Nairobi, Kenya .
2. Azene Bekele Tesema (2007). Useful Trees and Shrubs for Ethiopia: Identification,
Propagation and Management for 17 agroclimatic zones. World Agroforestry Center,
RELMA, ICRAF Eastern Africa Region, Nairobi, Kenya.
3. Abate Shiferaw (2010). An Appraisal of the challenges that affect sustainability and
productivity of the land use in the Borena woreda of south Woll Highlands: Ethiopia
4. W/Michael Kelecha (1987). A glossary of Ethiopian plant names 4th edition Addis Ababa,
Ethiopia.
5. FAO of UN (1984). Vegetation and Natural region and their significance for land
use planning: report paper for the government of Ethiopia, United Nations
development program, technical report 4. AG: DP/ETH178/0031 Rome Italy.
6. IUCN (1994). The IUCN Guideline for protected area management categories.
7. IUCN (1996). Managing protected area in the tropics.
8. John G.Williams and N. Arlott, (1980). A field Guide to the birds of East Africa.
Collins St James place, London.
39
9. Kumera Wkjira and Zelalem Tefera (eds) (2005). Wildlife Management. Parks
Development and protection Authority: Compendium of notes on wildlife
conservation and Management A training manual for park management and
project experts, Bahir dar, Ethiopia.
10. Chane Gebeyehu (2000). Land Use and Spatial Distribution of Two Gum and Incense
producing Tree Species. A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Range Management in the
Faculty of Agriculture University of Nairobi. Wogidi, Ethiopia.
11. " *h (2AAA) A Ai A I!T
12. A/ ?@
Y!A u
S (1998) ()\ O n
H w! - O I!T
13. A/ ?@
Y!A u
S (1999) A* M) #F\
/G 1= ' AG Yh #< O"Z A! w! -
O I!T
14. A/ ?@
Y!A u
S (2001) yZ Yw
#F\
/G 1= ' AG Yh #< O"Z
A! w!
- O I!T
15. A/ -
wxA ?@
Y! \ (2002) X1 +t /G
! /G 1= ' AG Yh #< O"Z
A! w! - O I!T
16. Fentahun Mengistu Tiruneh (2008). Fruit tree species in the wild and in homegarden
agroforestry: species composition, diversity and utilization in western Amhara
region, Ethiopia
Ex
1. #`z +A +A E$+!
E$+! x {
No
1.
Vernacular name
x= =
Scientific Name
2.
=
Acacia albida
3.
=/A
Acacia amythethophylla
4.
=/\
Acacia bussei
5.
h\! =
Acacia ocrfota
6.
=O
Acacia polycantha
7.
G/A
Acacia Senegal
8.
AOq
Acacia seyal
9.
@]]H
Acanthus eminens
10.
x
Acokanthera schimperi
11.
iY
Adansonia digitata
12.
/ u/u
Agave sisalana
13.
I!
Aloe sp.
Acacia abyssinica
Remark
Remark
40
No
Vernacular name
=/GG=
Scientific Name
14.
15.
0n
Boscia agustifolia
16.
S~1/R
Boswellia papyrifera
17.
7I
Buddleja polystachya
18.
/ 9i
Calotropis procera
19.
xS
Calpurnia aurea
20.
AO
Capparis carfiligenia
21.
\
Capparis micrantha
22.
A
Capparis micrantha
23.
??
Carica papaya
24.
Ah
Carissa edulis
25.
~/Y! Y
Chenopodium murale
26.
5
Cifrus limoni
27.
y /'S
Citrus aurantium
28.
/
Citrus Cinensis
29.
!
Citrus medica
30.
A} A/A
Clematis sp.
31.
zA
Coffee arabiea
32.
A5
Combrefum molle
33.
Aa
Commiphora africana
34.
+~
Cordia africana
35.
n A
Cordia ovalis
36.
/ ]y!
Crinum sp
37.
ZA
Croton mycrostachyus
38.
n `
Cyathula uncinulata
39.
}
Dalbergia melanoxylon
40.
\/A
Dichrostachys cinerea
41.
"/s-
Diospyros mespiliformis?
42.
@
Erythna abyssinica
43.
a=
Erythrina abyssinica
44.
0 A*
Erythrina sp.
45.
W
a
Euphorbia candelabrum
46.
G/
Euphorbia tirucalli
47.
H/ZH
Ficus sur
48.
/ZH
Ficus sycomorus
49.
/.
Ficus thonningii
50.
+/OE\
Ficus vasta
51.
h5/A
Gardenia ternifolia
Anogeissus leiocarpus
Remark
Remark
41
No
Vernacular name
aS
Scientific Name
52.
53.
!b
Grewia mollis
54.
7
Jasminum abyssinicum
55.
~
Justica schimperana
56.
7\
Landolphia sp.
57.
Lepidiam sativum
58.
#RH/S=
Loranthus sp.
59.
Y
Mangifera indica
60.
Ai
maytenus ovatus
61.
Melia azedarach
62.
y
Mimusops kummel
63.
Z
Ocimum basilicum
64.
]
Oxytenanthera abyssinica
65.
A
Persea americana
66.
"4
Phonex reclinata
67.
A'Y
Pignut africanum?
68.
)H +~/O/O*
Piliostignia thonningii
69.
A=
Plumbago zeylanicum
70.
Prumus persica
71.
W E^!/*
Prunus Africana
72.
R7J
Pterolobium steliatum
73.
Rhus vulgaris
74.
Ricinus communis
75.
M@= AO
Saccharum officinarum
76.
Xx AnG
Salix mucronata
77.
Scirpus corumbosus
78.
EA
Securidaca longepedunculata
79.
Z ?
Sesbania sesban
80.
X!
Silene macroselen
81.
/#4
Solanum giganfum
82.
E*/Ep
Solanum sp.
83.
Op
Sterculia sp
84.
~A
Streospermum kunthisnum
85.
x
Strychnos innocua
86.
5u
Strychnos spinosa
87.
GY/
Syzygium guineese
88.
@
Tamarindus indica
89.
*
Terminalia brownii
Grewia ferruginea
Remark
Remark
42
No
Vernacular name
++
Scientific Name
90.
91.
=Y*p
Vangueria edulis
92.
E@*/

Ximenia americana
93.
x/
Zingibel officinale
94.
h/
Ziziphus Mauritania
95.
A!w
Zizyphus spina-christi
96.
!'
Not Identified
97.
"A
98.
AHt*
99.
EY
100.
AJ@q
101.
M#=
102.
!
103.
"Y/5
104.
(1L5
105.
}/S/p
106.
AX
107.
aA/RA
108.
GntO
109.
Y"\ \
110.
$

111.
nA
112.
!Jt*
113.
tt_ A
114.
A- A
115.
AY
116.
Z
117.
m]
118.
# Z x
Remark
Remark
Thymus serrulatus
Ex
2. #`z +A +A AE+J! x
x {
N0.
Common name
Scientific name
Remark
1.
Abdims stork
Ciconia abdimii
2.
Abyssinian ground hornbill
Bucorvus abyssinicus
3.
Abyssinian roller
Coracias abyssinica
4.
African firefinch
Lagonosticta rubricata
5.
African fish eagle
Haliaeetus vocifer
43
N0.
Common name
Scientific name
Remark
6.
African goshawk
Accipiter tachiro
7.
African hoopoe
Upupa epops africana
8.
Amani sunbird
Anthreptes pallidigaster
9.
Augur buzzard
Buteo augur
10.
Beautiful sunbird
Nectarina pulchella
11.
Black bee eater
Merops gularis
12.
Black headed gonolek
Laniarius erythrogaster
13.
Black headed paradise fly catcher
Terpsiphone rufiventer
14.
Black headed tchagra
Tchagra senegala
15.
Black-faced Firefinch
Lagonosticta larvata
A & A04
16.
Black-rumped Waxbill
Estrilda troglodytes
C & A04
17.
Black-throated wattle-eye
Platysteira peltata
18.
Blue breasted bee eater
Merops variegatus
19.
Blue capped cordon bleu
uraeginthus cyanocephalus
20.
Carmine bee-eater
Merops nubicus
21.
Cattle Egret
Bubulcus ibis
22.
Chestnut sparrow
Passer eminibey
23.
Chestnut-crowned Sparrow-Weaver
Plocepasser superciliosus
C & A04
24.
Common waxbill
Estrilda astrild
25.
Crested francolin
Francolinus sephaena
26.
Crimson rumped waxbill
Estrilda rhodopyga
27.
Crowned plover
Vanellus coronatus
28.
Dark-headed Oriole
Oriolus monacha
A & A07
29.
Drongo
Dicrurus adsimilis
30.
Dwarf raven
Corvus edithae
31.
Egyptian goose
Alopochen aegyptiaca
32.
Egyptian plover
Pluvianus aegyptius
33.
Emerald-spotted wood dove
Turtur chalcospilos
34.
Giant kingfisher
Megaceryle maximus
35.
Golden breasted starling
Cosmopsarus regius
36.
Great white egret
Ardea alba
37.
Greater blue eared glossy starling
Lamprotornis chalybaeus
38.
Greater honey guide
Indicator indicator
39.
Green wood hoopoe
Phoeniculus purpureus
40.
Green-backed Eremomela
Eremomela pusilla
C & A04
41.
Grey headed bush shrike
Malaconotus blanchoti
42.
Grey headed social weaver
Pseudonigrita arnaudi
43.
Grey heron
Ardea cinerea
44.
Grey hornbill
Tockus nasutus
45.
Grey Kestrel
Falco ardosiaceus
46.
Hadada ibis
Hagedashia hagedash
47.
Hamerkop
Scopus umbretta
48.
Harwood's Francolin
Francolinus harwoodi
B & A07
49.
Laughing dove
Streptopelia senegalensis
44
N0.
Common name
Scientific name
Remark
50.
Lesser Blue-eared Glossy Starling
Lamprotornis chloropterus
51.
Lesser honey guide
Indicator minor
52.
Lesser jacana
Microparra capensis
53.
Little egret
Egretta garzetta
54.
Little Green Bee-eater
Merops orientalis
55.
Long-crested eagle
Lophaetus occipitalis
56.
Long-tailed Cormorant
Phalacrocorax africanus
57.
Marabou stork
Leptoptilos crumeniferus
58.
Morning dove
Streptopelia decipiens
59.
Mouse colored penduline tit
Remiz musculus
60.
Namaque dove
Oena capensis
61.
Paradise flycatcher
Terpsiphone paradisi
62.
Paradise whydah
Vidua paradisaea
63.
Pied crow
Corvus albus
64.
Pied kingfisher
Ceryle rudis
65.
Pygmy falcon
Polihierax semitorquatus
66.
Red billed hornbill
Tockus erythrorhynchus
67.
Red billed oxpecker
Buphagus erythrorhynchus
68.
Red bishop
Euplectes orix
69.
Red cheeked cordon bleu
Uraeginthus bengalus
70.
Red chested cuckoo
Cuculus solitarius
71.
Red headed blue bill
Spermophaga ruficapilla
72.
Red tailed or familiar chat
Cercomela familiaris
73.
Red throated bee eater
Merops bulocki
A & A04
74.
Red-billed firefinch
Lagonosticta senegala
75.
Red-eyed dove
Streptopelia semitoquata
76.
Ring necked dove
Streptopelia capicola
77.
Rosy-patched shrike
Rhodophoneus cruentus
78.
Rueppell's Robin-chat
Cossypha semirufa
A & A07
79.
Rueppell's vulture
Gyps rueppellii
80.
Rufous chatterer
Turdoides rubiginosa
81.
Ruppells long-tailed glossy starling
Lamprotornis purpuropterus
82.
Ruppell's chat
Myrmecocichla melaena
A & A07
83.
Sacred ibis
Threskiornis aethiopicus
84.
Senegal coucal
Centropus senegalensis
85.
Senegal plover
Vanellus lugubris
86.
Speckled pigeon
Columba guinea
87.
Splendid glossy starling
Lamprotornis spendidus
88.
Spur winged plover
Vanellus spinosus
89.
Stone Partridge
Ptilopachus petrosus
90.
Stout cisticola
Cisticola robustus
91.
Straight crested helmeted shrike
Prionops plumata
92.
Striped kingfisher
Halcyon chelicuti
93.
Swainson's Sparrow
Passer swainsonii
A & A07
45
N0.
Common name
Scientific name
Remark
94.
Tacazze sunbird
Nectarinia tacazze
A & A07
95.
Tawny eagle
Aquila rapax
96.
Tiny cisticola
Cisticola nana
97.
Tropical boubou
Laniarius aethiopicus
98.
Two banded crouser
Rhinoptilus africanus
99.
Verreauxs Eagle
Aquila verreauxii
100.
Verreaux's Eagle Owl
Bubo lacteus
101.
Vieillots black weaver
Ploceus nigerrimus
102.
Village Indigobird
Vidua chalybeata
103.
Vulturine guineafowl
Acryllium vulturinum
104.
White backed vulture
Gyps bengalensis
105.
White crowned shrike
Eurocephalus ruppelli
106.
White-bellied go-away bird
Corythaixoides leucogaster
107.
White-headed Buffalo Weaver
Dinemellia dinemelli
108.
White-headed Vulture
Trigonoceps occipitalis
109.
Winding cisticola
Cisticola galactotes
110.
Wing snapping cisticola
Cisticola ayresii
111.
Wire-tailed swallow
Hirundo smithii
112.
Woolly-necked stork
Ciconia episcopus
113.
Yellow billed oxpecker
Buphagus africanus
114.
Yellow vented bulbul
Pycnonotus barabatus
Note:
A=Observation during the fieldwork
B= Recent observation by locals
C= IBA (important Bird Area) recorded in 1992 bird Survey in Tekeze valley (Shire lowland areas )
A04= Sudan-Guinea Savanna Biome Restricted species
A07= Afrotropical Highland Biome Restricted species
Ex
3. #`z +A +A A E Z! x {
No.
1.
2.
Common name
Common/Golden Jackal
Caracal
Scientific name
Canis aureus
Caracal caracal
Conservation status
LR/lc
LR/lc
3.
Vervet monkey
Cercopithecus aethiops
DD
4.
5.
African civet cat

Abyssinian colobus
Civettics civetta
Colobus guereza
LR/lc
LR/lc
6.
Spotted Hyena
Crocuta crocuta
LR/lc
7.
8.
Serval Cat
African wildcat
Felis serval
Felis silvestris lybica
LR/lc
LR/lc
9.
Abyssinian genet
Genetta abyssinica
LR/lc
10.
11.
12.
Large gray mangoose

Slender mangoose
Stripped hyena
Herpestes ichneumon
Herpestes sanguineus
Hyaena hyaena
LR/lc
LR/lc
LR/nt
13.
Porcupine
Hystrix cristata
LR/nt
14.
15.
White tailed mangoose

Common hare
Ichneumia albicauda
Lepus timidus
LR/lc
LR/lc
16.
Honey Badger/Ratel
Mellivora capensis
Remark
46
No.
Common name
Scientific name
Conservation status
Remark
17.
Klipspringer
Oreotragus oreotragus
LR/lc
18.
19.
Aardvark
oribi
Orycteropus afer
Ourebia ourebi
EN
LR/cd
20.
Leopard
Panthera pardus
LR/lc
21.
Anubis baboon
Papio anubis
LR/cd
22.
23.
Common warthog
Rock Hyrax
Phacochoerus aethiopicus
Procavia capensis
LR/lc
LR/lc
24.
Wild pig
Sus scrofa
LR/lc
25.
Common duiker
Sylvicapra grimmia
LR/lc
26.
Lesser kudu
Tragelaphus imberbis
LR/nt
27.
Common eland
Tragelaphus oryx
LR/lc
28.
29.
Common bushbuck
Tree Squirrel species
Tragelaphus scriptus
LR/lc
30.
Bat species
NI
31.
Crocodile
NI
32.
33.
Monitor Lizard
Python
NI
NI
34.
Snakes
35.
Nile tilapia
Oreochromis niloticus
36.
37.
Cat fish
Barbus
Clarias gariepinus
Barbus barbus
B
NI
NI
Note:
A=Observation during the fieldwork
B= Recent observation by locals,
EN= Endangered
V= Vulnerable
LR= Lower risk with three subcategories:- cd= conservation dependent, nt= near
threatened, lc=least concern
DD= Data deficient
NI= Not Identified
Ex
4. ]T I@& {
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210
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1997
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1931037
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218
448
2509

61
61
n
21252
20499
5241
6727
10318
64037
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4.8. AYh Z /G c w ! E Z! /~! A! Rp !AE/TLU

!AE
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Rp
A
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7619.5
7042.7
2286.9
2382.8
3208.1
22540
83.22

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1
928
977.3
174
310.5
528.7
2918.5
10.78
F
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50.4
572.4
3.5
396
3.5
137.4
130.8
268.8
57.4
1505.4
0.21
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61
61
0.22
n
9231.3
8419.5
2601.8
2824.1
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80
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67
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100
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20
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58
57.5
60
62
59.64
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09-12
16
12
17
14
16
15
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0.6
0.5
0.8
0.5
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15
30
10
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4
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2
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
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F7( 0-
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5. +A +A {
Name of the place
Adi Arkay/Adi aregay
Adiha welawul
Ensiya river
Fikir river
Kisad Agazen
Dirsha Wuha valley
Sifra Abay
Sekolif
Tsadamay river
Kefero
Agam
Dokima river
Dama bariya
Gual zerima
Zarima river near mayitebeqo
Mayitebeqo
Mitsab minjaro Irrigation
Dewarg zana T/hayimanot church
Dewarg zana primary school
Dewarg zana
Diqiqo/zerima rivers
Dereq river
Mayiqelabadu
Divbola
Girar Ambo spring
Kumer Ambo spring
Zarima river near megacho
Tariya (Ali kebele center)
Adi Chiray primary school
Qeren Amba
Dalsha K/Mihiret Monastry
Sequar K/Mihiret Monastry
Sequar meqabir
Endamikael
DilgebeYa
Mayilham
Siwur
Inzo river near Mayifedin
Sequar KMM cultivation
Bermariam (Kebele center)
Chewber
Zerima
Y
398206
388074
387627
385248
384930
385114
384080
382942
379870
379901
380648
379543
379057
377499
372213
371676
370070
365781
367274
367153
368083
369228
372572
373424
372666
371066
369371
366534
369809
372245
374070
383626
383070
383093
384831
384299
382438
388735
389679
392100
386712
379053
Altitude
1486657
1491458
1490888
1491627
1491983
1494077
1495193
1496151
1498603
1500193
1494245
1493635
1494152
1493738
1492934
1492077
1495968
1498881
1498989
1499452
1507309
1506825
1508721
1504962
1504875
1503918
1503759
1491075
1486969
1485342
1485064
1480086
1480644
1481727
1483076
1486408
1488822
1485824
1485472
1481481
1478139
1474674
1556
1239
1068
1236
1265
1221
1302
1354
1246
1265
1322
1385
1378
1299
964
1014
932
945
937
958
859
912
1210
1261
1054
948
886
1340
1407
1177
1063
1320
1322
1459
1513
1332
1767
1133
1353
1626
1671
1233
51
Y
1.
2.
3.
4.
................................................................................................................................................... 0
A (t .......................................................................................................................................... 1
A A FH9(! ................................................................................................................................. 2
A #<! c A7uH* 34 ............................................................................................... 3
4.1. 2A J! ................................................................................................................................... 3
4.2. A /! .................................................................................................................................. 3
4.3. I! ARY ......................................................................................................................... 5
5. A HY .......................................................................................................................................... 5
5.1. A xx HY ..................................................................................................................... 6
6. A
LA WZW...................................................................................................................... 6
6.1.
L............................................................................................................................................. 6
6.2. A G H* + WZW ................................................................................................. 7
6.3. A #0AX8 #=! ................................................................................................ 7
7. A !A #O" A ...................................................................................................... 7
8. 0O"Z A # L............................................................................................................... 9
8.1. #F\ 8 u
!A w .......................................................................................... 9
8.2. # -O 34................................................................................................................... 9
8.3. AYh Z /G c w> -H>A wx -/ /L ............................... 13
8.4. M I@& 3(L ................................................................................................................. 17
8.5. 8 H* E \ (0A #7u )................................................................ 24
9. AY h #F\ /G c ' AG ....................................................................... 27
9.1. Z /G 1= & 7Rq .................................................................................. 27
9.2. /G "1= ' AG Yh FL ..................................................................... 28
9.3. Z /G 1= 7RqA /G c ' AG Yh FL ............... 31
9.4. AY h #F\ Z /G 1= ' +A HY ........................................... 31
10. A XG! h7b \........................................................................................................ 34
11. Xf! 0AX g = ................................................................................................. 34
12. O LA nt AH! #=!A eHf(! !#A ..................................................... 35
13. Y7u ............................................................................................................................................ 38
14. + 1! (References) ............................................................................................................. 39
Ex
1. #`z +A +A E$+! x {........................................................................... 40
Ex
2. #`z +A +A AE+J! x {.......................................................................... 43
Ex
3. #`z +A +A A E Z! x { ................................................................ 46
Ex
4. ]T I@& { .......................................................................................................... 47
Ex
5. +A +A { ...................................................................................................... 50
52

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