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Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
Espigones
Jos A. Jimnez
jose.jimenez@upc.edu
ESPIGONES
ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
ESPIGONES
ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
General
alternatives to approach
to erosion-induced
problems
Protection-reduction
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ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
PROTECTION-REDUCTION
Objective: To reduce sediment transport rates along
the beach / to reduce the intensity of responsible coastal
dynamics/processes.
Effect: Beach maintenance.
ESPIGONES
ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
ESPIGONES
ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
ESPIGONES
ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
Espigones - tipologa
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ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
ESPIGONES
ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
ESPIGONES
ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
ESPIGONES
ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
ESPIGONES
ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
ESPIGONES
ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
ESPIGONES
ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
ESPIGONES
ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
ESPIGONES
ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
ESPIGONES
ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
ESPIGONES
ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
ESPIGONES
ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
ESPIGONES
ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
ESPIGONES
ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
ESPIGONES
ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
ESPIGONES
ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
corriente
longitudinal
corrientes de
gradiente
zona de
difraccin
zona de
erosin
corriente
longitudinal
zona de
acumulacin
lnea de
orilla original
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ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
ESPIGONES
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Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
Parameter Description
Bypassing
Dg/Hb
Permeability
Over-passing
Zg(y)
Through-passing
P(y)
Shore-passing
Zb/R
Longshore
Transport
Qn/Qg
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ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
ESPIGONES
ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
FIG. 10:
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ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
Puede apreciarse que mientras el espign u otro elemento natural o artificial acta como barrera
total al transporte longitudinal de sedimentos (t < tf) el ngulo que forma la lnea de orilla en ese
punto es ab, es decir, coincide con el ngulo de aproximacin del oleaje (debido a que en este
punto la condicin de contorno que se impone es Ql = 0, lo cual slo tiene lugar si el oleaje incide
paralelo a la costa).
Por tanto a partir de fotografas areas en zonas donde pueda garantizarse la existencia de un
obstculo total al transporte puede deducirse grficamente con gran aproximacin el ngulo del
oleaje medio incidente.
Cuando el espign deja de actuar como barrera total la lnea de orilla va perdiendo dicha
orientacin y tiende a disponerse paralelamente a su posicin original. El espign va reteniendo
material pues sigue actuando como barrera parcial (lo que permite la acrecin de la playa situada
aguas abajo) pero parte del material lo sobrepasa. Paulatinamente va disminuyendo la fraccin
frente de sedimento retenido frente a la que pasa por delante del espign.
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ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
CORRIENTE LONGITUDINAL
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2008-09
La corriente longitudinal se extiende a zonas con profundidades mayores a la de rotura (hb o db), si
bien la fraccin principal de la corriente s se mantiene entre la lnea de costa y la de rotura.
ESPIGONES
ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
BYPASS
Sl = Sl original * BYP
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2008-09
ESPIGONES
ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
ESPIGONES
ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
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2008-09
ESPIGONES
ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
Jose.jimenez@upc.edu
2008-09
Property
1. Wave angle and wave height are leading parameters (Sl)
For fixed groin length, these parameters determine bypassing and the net and gross longshore
transport rates.
2. Groin length is a leading parameter for single groins (Length controls depth at tip of groin.)
With groin length defined relative to surfzone width.
3. Groin length to spacing ratio is a leading parameter for groin fields.
4. Groins should be permeable.
Permeable groins allow water and sand to move alongshore, and reduce rip current formation and
cell circulation.
5. Groins function best on beaches with a pre-dominant longshore transport direction.
Groins act as rectifiers of transport. As the ratio of gross to net transport increases, the retention
functioning decreases.
6. The updrift shoreline at a groin seldom reaches the seaward end of the groin.
Because of sand bypassing, groin permeability, and reversals in transport, the updrift shoreline
cannot reach the end of a groin by longshore transport processes alone. On-shore transport is
required for the shoreline to reach a groin tip, for a groin to be buried, or for a groin compartment to
fill naturally.
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ENGINYERIA COSTANERA
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2008-09
7. Groin fields should be filled (and/or feeder beaches emplaced on the downdrift side).
Filling promotes bypassing and mitigates downdrift erosion.
8. Groin fields should be tapered if located adjacent to an unprotected beach.
Tapering decreases the impoundment and acts as a transition from regions of erosion to regions of
stability.
9. Groin fields should be built from the downdrift to updrift direction.
With the caution that the construction schedule should be coordinated with expected changes in
seasonal drift direction.
10. Groins cause impoundment to the farthest point of the updrift beach and erosion to the farthest
point of the downdrift beach.
Filling a groin field does not guarantee 100% sand bypassing. Sand will be impounded along the entire updrift
reach, causing erosion downdrift of the groin(s).