Important notes

--------------Ls.7. ncert science class 6-We would require one bud and two fresh
flowers each, of any of the following
datura, china rose, mustard, brinjal,
lady s finger, gulmohur. Also a blade, a
glass slide or a sheet of paper, a
magnifying glass and water.
Observe Fig. 7.20 carefully. Look at
the prominent parts of the open flower.
These are the petals of the flower.
Different flowers have petals of different
colours.
Where do you think the petals are in a
closed bud? Which is the most prominent
part in a bud? Did you see that this part
is made of small leaf-like structures? They
are called sepals. Take a flower and
observe its petals and sepals. Now,
answer the following questions:
How many sepals does it have?
Are they joined together?
What are the colours of the petals
and the sepals?
How many petals does your flower
have?
Are they joined to one another or are
they separate?
Do the flowers with joined sepals have
petals that are separate or are they joined
together?
Make a table based on the
observations of the whole class
(Table 7.3). Add observations to this
table, from a field trip to a locality where
Do you now agree that the structure
of the flower is not always the same?
The number of sepals, petals, stamens
and pistils may also be different in
different flowers. Sometimes, some of
these parts may even be absent!
there are plants with flowers. Fill the
last two columns after you have gone
through the entire section.
To see the inner parts of the flower
clearly, you have to cut it open, if its
petals are joined. For example, in datura
and other bell shape flowers, the petals
have to be cut lengthwise and spread
out so that the inner parts can be seen
clearly (Fig. 7.21).
Remove the sepals and petals to see
the rest of the parts. Study the Fig. 7.22
carefully, compare your flower with the
illustration and identify the stamens and
pistil in your flower.
Look at Fig 7.23 carefully. It shows
the different kinds of stamens present
in different flowers. Can

you recognise both the

parts of the stamens in
your flower? How many
stamens are there in
your flower? Draw one
stamen and label its
parts.
The innermost part
of a flower is called the
pistil. If you cannot see
it completely, remove the remaining
stamens. Identify the parts of the pistil
with the help of Fig. 7.24.
Draw a neat, labelled diagram of the
pistil of your flower.
Activity 11
Let us now study the structure of the
ovary of a flower (Fig. 7.24). It is the
lowermost and swollen part of the pistil.
We will cut this part to study how it looks
inside! Look at Fig. 7.25 (a) and (b)
carefully to understand how to cut the
ovary of a flower.
Take two ovaries from different
flowers. Cut them in two different
ways as shown in Fig. 7.25. To
prevent them from drying, put a drop
of water on each of the two pieces of
the ovary, you have cut.
Observe the inner parts of the ovary
using a lens (Fig. 7.26). Do you see some
small bead like structures inside the
ovary? They are called ovules. Draw and
label the inner parts of the ovary in your
notebook.
On your field trip, try to find out the
names of as many of the flowers as you
can by asking the gardener or any other
person. Remember, not to pluck more
flowers than you need. Based on what
you have filled in Table 7.3, answer the
following questions.
Do all flowers have sepals, petals,
stamens and pistils? Are there flowers that
do not have any of these? Are there flowers
which have parts other than these?
Did you find any flowers which have
sepals and petals that look similar?
Did you find any flowers in which
the number of sepals is different from
the number of petals?
Important question
-----------------5. Which of the following leaves have reticulate venation?
Wheat, tulsi, maize, grass, coriander (dhania), China rose
6. If a plant has fibrous root, what type of venation do its leaves likely to ha
ve?
7. If a plant has leaves with reticulate venation, what kind of roots will it ha
ve?

8. Is it possible for you to recognize the leaves without seeing them? How?
9. Write the names of the parts of a flower.
10. Which of the following plants have you seen? of those that you have seen, wh
ich
one have flowers?
Grass, maize, wheat, chilli, tomato, tulsi, pipal, shisham, banyan, mango, j
amun,
guava, pomegranate, papaya, banana, lemon, sugarcane, potato, groundnut
13. Name two flowers, each with joined and separated sepals.
Answers
------5.Tulsi, coriander and china rose leaves have a reticulate venation.
6.Plants with fibrous roots, have a parallel type of venation in its leaves
7.Plants with leaves having a reticulate venation, have tap roots.
8.Yes, it is possible to recognize the leaves without touching them.If, it has t
ap roots then the leaves a have reticulate type of venation and if, it has fibro
us roots
then the leaves have a parallel type of venation.
9.The names of parts of the parts of a flower are:(a)petals
(b)sepal
(c)stamen
(d)pistil
(e)anther
(f)filament
(g)stigma
(h)style
(i)ovary
(j)ovules
10.I have seen grass, wheat, chilli, tomato, tulsi, peepul, banyan, mango, jamun
, guava, pomegranate, banana, sugarcane and of those all have flowers and some l
ike
tulsi, peepul, sugarcane, etc. have very small flowers which cannot be seen b
y naked eyes.
13.Flowers with joined sepals are periwinkle(sadabahar) and hibiscus(China rose)
and flowers with separated sepals are rose and magnolia.
Fact file
*********
Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons
Key Concepts
Atoms are made of extremely tiny particles called protons, neutrons, and electron
s.
Protons and neutrons are in the center of the atom, making up the nucleus.--------------------Important
Electrons surround the nucleus.---------------------------------------------------------------Important
Protons have a positive charge.
Electrons have a negative charge.
The charge on the proton and electron are exactly the same size but opposite.-----------------Important
Neutrons have no charge.
Since opposite charges attract, protons and electrons attract each other.---------------------Important