HYPOTHESIS TESTS FOR A SINGLE MEAN

11.1 TESTING A HYPOTHESIS CONCERNING THE

MEAN BY USE OF THE

test statistic
is
greater
than

DISTRIBUTION

+ z / 2

H o :=o

less

Test Statistic: z test (if is known, or

is unknown)

z=

x 0
/n

z=

Note:

population

The
standard

n 30

t=

x 0
s / n

where:

H A : > o

p value

Reject Ho if the

p value=P ( z > z )

Alterna
tive
Hyp
othe
sis

H A : < o

z .

H A : o Reject

H A : > o

H0

if
the
computed
test statistic
is less than

H0

if
the
computed

sample mean

Reject Ho if the

hypothesized mean

s=

sample standard deviation

n=

sample size

Critical
Region

Reject

is less than .

+ z .

Reject

x =

0=

H0

if
the
computed
test statistic
is
greater
than

is not known.

Test Statistic: t test (if is unknown)

is exactly normally distributed. If the sampling

distribution is normal, the test is appropriate for any
sample size.

Reject

H o :=o

sample size

Critical
Region

DISTRIBUTION

distribution is the appropriate basis for

is unknown, unless the sampling population

Alterna
tive
Hyp
othe
sis

determining the standardized test statistic when the

sampling distribution of the mean is normally

sample standard deviation

The test requires that the sample size

is the computed test statistic.

MEAN BY USE OF THE

hypothesized mean

n=

when

distributed but

s=

than

11.2 TESTING A HYPOTHESIS CONCERNING THE

sample mean

=
deviation

if

s /n

0=

is less than .

z /2 .

x 0

x =

where:

n 30

or

H0

p value

if

the
computed
test statistic
is
greater
than

Reject Ho if the

p value=P ( t>t )
is less than .

+t .

p value=P ( z < z )

H A : < o Reject

is less than .

Reject Ho if the

p value=2 P ( z >|z |)

H0

if

the
computed
test statistic
is less than

Reject Ho if the

p value =P ( t<t )
is less than .

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HYPOTHESIS TESTS FOR A SINGLE MEAN

t .
H0

Reject

H A : o

the
computed
test statistic
is
greater
than

+t /2
less

t /2 .

Note: 1)

or

Reject Ho if the

p value=2 P ( t >|t |)
is less than .

than

is the computed test statistic.

2)

(n 1)

if

t /2

and the p-values are based on

degrees of freedom. If

the sample size is large (

used in place of the

n 30

is unknown but
, the

-test is

-test.

Example 01: DUNKIN donuts claim that the waiting

time of customers for service is normally distributed
with a mean of three minutes and a standard deviation
of one minute. The quality assurance department found
in a sample of 50 customers that the mean waiting
time is 2.85 minutes. At a 0.05 level of significance, can
we conclude that the mean waiting time is less than
three minutes?
Example 02: Home Videos Inc. surveys 450
households and finds that the mean amount spent for
renting or buying videos is P135 a month and the
standard deviation of the sample is P75.25. Is this
evidence sufficient to conclude that the mean amount
spent is greater than P127.50 per month at a 0.025
level of significance?

Example 03: A manufacturer contemplating the

purchase of new tool making equipment has specified
that, on average, the equipment should not require
more than 10min of setup time per hour of operation.
The purchasing agent visits a company where the
equipment being considered is installed; from records
there the agent notes that 25 randomly selected hours
of operation included a total of 4hr and 30min of setup
time, and the standard deviation of setup time per hour
was 3.0 min. Based on this sample result, can the
assumption that the equipment meets setup time
specifications be rejected at the 1 percent level of
significance?
Example 04: A teachers' union would like to establish
that the average salary for high school teachers in a
particular state is less than $32,500. A random sample
of 100 public high school teachers in the particular
state has a mean salary of $31,578. It is known from
past history that the standard deviation of the salaries
for the teachers in the state is $4,415. Test the union's
claim at the 5 percent level of significance.
Example 05:
Canon, Inc., introduced a copying
machine that features two-color copying capability in a
compact system copier. The average speed of the
standard compact system copier is 27 copies per
minute (as advertised in national business magazines
and elsewhere). Suppose that the company wants to
test whether the new two-color copier has the same
average speed as its standard compact copier and it
conducts a test of 24 runs of the new machines, giving
a sample mean of
deviation

s=7.4

significance level

=24.6 and sample standard

(copies per minute). Using the

=0.05

, is there evidence to

conclude that the average speed of the new machine is

different from the standard machine?

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