Lesson plan on Communication

General Information:
Name of the teacher: Binal
Joshi
Course
Unit
Topic
Group of students
No. of students in group
Date
Time
Venue
Previous knowledge of the
group
Teaching method
Audio-Visual Aids

Management of nursing services and

education
Unit 4
Communication
Seven semester students
60
(1 hour)
classroom

Lecture cum discussion

Black board, PPT, Video

Central Objective
:
After completion of the class students will be
able to gain knowledge and understanding about
Communication
Specific objectives: After completion of the topic students will be able to
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)

Sr.
N

To
To
To
To
To
To
To

introduce the term Communication

define Communication
enlist the steps of Communication
identify Common Barriers to Effective Communication
classify communication
relate communication with language
identify communication system used in hospital.

Specific
Objective

Lesson Plan on Communication

Content
Page 1

Time
(Min.)

Teachin
Learnin

o.
1.

To
introduce
the term
Communic
ation

Introduction:

Communication (from
Latin commnicre,
meaning "to share" is the act of conveying
intended meaning from
one entity or group to
another
through
the
use
of
mutually
understood signs and semiotic rules.

activitie
The teacher
introduces t
term with th
transmission
one sentenc
from first stu
to last stude

Robert Kreitner defined, Communication

process is a chain made up of identifiable links.
The chain includes sender, encoding, message,
receiver, decoding, and feedback.
In the opinion of S. K. Kapur, The
communication process is the method by which
the
sender
transfers
information
and
understanding to the receiver.
According to Bovee, Thill and Schatzman,
The communication process consists of six
phases linking sender and receiver.
2.

To define
Communic
ation

3.

To enlist
the steps
of
Communic
ation

Communication process is the set of some

sequential steps involved in transferring
message as well as feedback. The process
requires a sender who transmits message
through a channel to the receiver. Then the
receiver decodes the message and sends back
some type of signal or feedback.
STEPS OR ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION
PROCESS
The communication process refers to the steps
through which communication takes place
between the sender and the receiver. This
process starts with conceptualizing an idea or
message by the sender and ends with the
feedback from the receiver. In details,
communication process consists of the following
eight steps:

Lesson Plan on Communication

Page 2

Teacher exp
definition by
using the bla
board

Teacher exp
verbally step
communicat
by showing

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

Developing idea by the sender: In the

first step, the communicator develops or
conceptualizes an idea to be sent. It is also
known as the planning stage since in this
stage the communicator plans the subject
matter of communication.
Encoding: Encoding means converting or
translation the idea into a perceivable form
that can be communicated to others.
Developing the message: After
encoding the sender gets a message that
can be transmitted to the receiver. The
message can be oral, written, symbolic or
nonverbal. For example, when people talk,
speech is the message; when people write a
letter, the words and sentences are the
message; when people cries, the crying is
the message.
Selecting the medium: Medium is the
channel or means of transmitting the
message to the receiver. Once the sender
has encoded his into a message, the next
step is to select a suitable medium for
transmitting it to the receiver. The medium
of communication can be speaking, writing,
signaling, gesturing etc.
Transmission of message: In this step,
the sender actually transmits the message
through chosen medium. In the
communication cycle, the tasks of the
sender end with the transmission of the
message.
Receiving the message by receiver:
This stage simply involves the reception of
senders message by the receiver. The
message can be received in the form of
hearing, seeing, feeling and so on.
Decoding: Decoding is the receivers
interpretation of the senders message.
Here the receiver converts the message into
thoughts and tries to analyze and

Lesson Plan on Communication

Page 3

understand it. Effective communication can

occur only when both the sender and the
receiver assign the same or similar
meanings to the message.
8. Feedback: The final step of
communication process is feedback.
Feedback means receivers response to
senders message. It increases the
effectiveness of communication. It ensures
that the receiver has correctly understood
the message. Feedback is the essence of
two-way communication.
4.

To identify
Common
Barriers to
Effective
Communic
ation

10
COMMON BARRIERS TO EFFECTIVE
COMMUNICATION:
1. The use of jargon. Over-complicated,
unfamiliar and/or technical terms.
2. Emotional barriers and taboos. Some
people may find it difficult to express their
emotions and some topics may be
completely 'off-limits' or taboo.
3. Lack of attention, interest,
distractions, or irrelevance to the
receiver.
4. Differences in perception and
viewpoint.
5. Physical disabilities such as hearing
problems or speech difficulties.
6. Physical barriers to non-verbal
communication. Not being able to see
the non-verbal cues, gestures, posture and
general body language can make
communication less effective.
7. Language differences and the
difficulty in understanding unfamiliar
accents.
8. Expectations and prejudices which
may lead to false assumptions or
stereotyping. People often hear what
they expect to hear rather than what is

Lesson Plan on Communication

Page 4

Teacher exp
barriers of th
communicat
by showing
video

5.

To classify
communic
ation

actually said and jump to incorrect

conclusions.
9. Cultural differences. The norms of
social interaction vary greatly in different
cultures, as do the way in which emotions
are expressed. For example, the concept
of personal space varies between cultures
and between different social settings.
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION
1. Verbal
Verbal communication entails the use of words
in delivering the intended message. The two
major forms of verbal communication include
written and oral communication.

A. Written communication includes traditional

pen and paper letters and documents, typed
electronic documents, e-mails, text chats, SMS
and anything else conveyed through written
symbols such as language. This type of
communication is indispensable for formal
business communications and issuing legal
instructions.

B. Oral Communication
The other form of verbal communication is
the spoken word, either face-to-face or
through phone, voice chat, video
conferencing or any other medium.
Various forms of informal communications
such as the grapevine or informal rumor
mill, and formal communications such as
lectures, conferences are forms of oral
communication. Oral communication finds
use in discussions and causal and informal
conversations.
The effectiveness of oral conversations
depends on the clarity of speech, voice
Lesson Plan on Communication

Page 5

15

Teacher verb
explains the
of communi
with exampl
and particip
of students

modulation, pitch, volume, speed, and

even non-verbal communications such as
body language and visual cues.

Verbal communication makes the process

of conveying thoughts easier and faster,
and it remains the most successful form of
communication. Yet, this makes up only
seven percent of all human
communication!

2. Nonverbal Communication

Nonverbal communication entails

communicating by sending and receiving
wordless messages. These messages
usually reinforce verbal communication,
but they can also convey thoughts and
feelings on their own.

A. Physical nonverbal communication, or

body language, includes facial
expressions, eye contact, body posture,
gestures such as a wave, pointed finger
and the like, overall body movements,
tone of voice, touch, and others.
Facial expressions are the most common
among all nonverbal communication. For
instance, a smile or a frown conveys
distinct emotions hard to express through
verbal communication. Research
estimates that body language, including
facial expressions, account for 55 percent
of all communication.
B. Paralanguage
The way something is said, rather than
what is actually said, is an important
Lesson Plan on Communication

Page 6

component of nonverbal communication.

This includes voice quality, intonation,
pitch, stress, emotion, tone, and style of
speaking, and communicates approval,
interest or the lack of it. Research
estimates that tone of the voice accounts
for 38 percent of all communications.
Other forms of nonverbal communication
usually communicate ones personality.
These include:

Aesthetic communication or creative

expressions such as dancing, painting, and
the like.
Appearance or the style of dressing and
grooming, which communicates ones
personality.
Space language such as paintings and
landscapes communicate social status and
taste.
Symbols such as religious, status, or egobuilding symbols.

C. Visual Communication
A third type of communication is visual
communication through visual aids such as
signs, typography, drawing, graphic design,
illustration, color and other electronic
resources.
Visual communication with graphs and
charts
usually
reinforces
written
communication, and can in many case
replace written communication altogether.
As the adage goes a picture is worth a
thousand
words,"
such
visual
communication is more powerful than
verbal and nonverbal communication on
many
occasions. Technological
developments have made expressing visual
Lesson Plan on Communication

Page 7

communications much easier than before.

A good understanding of the different types
of
communication
and communication
styles can help you know and deal with
people better, clear up misunderstandings
and misconceptions, and contribute to the
success of the enterprise.
6.

7.

To relate
communic
ation with
language

To identify
communic
ation
system
used in
hospital.

Teacher verb
explains the
students

Teacher exp
the student
the use of P

RELATIONSHIP WITH LANGUAGE AND

COMMUNICAION
A. Paralanguage is presented in the
tone and voice and in the pacing
speech.
B. Inconsistent messages are
interpreted by noting facial and
voice clues
C. Gestures can indicate process
occurring in social interaction
D. Facial expressions are given special
attention in receiving interpersonal
feeling
E. Bodily postures act as a signal of
important features of social relations
such as dominance and attraction
F. The extent of interaction is shown
by actions to gain closeness or
distance
COMMUNICATION SYSTEM USED IN
HOSPITAL
1) PERIODIC TALKS BETWEEN EMPLOYER
AND EMPLOYEE
2) Sign posts for the patient and general
public
3) Staff conferences to get suggestions
and for decision making
4) Social gathering so improve IPR
5) Employee consultation in problem
solving

Lesson Plan on Communication

Page 8

6) Sending orders and protocols

7) Handbook to provide general
information
8) Manuals
9) Bulletin boards
10) Suggestion systems complaint
books
11) Hospital magazine
12) Annual reports
13) Light signaling systems
14) Alarm systems in accident prone
areas
15) Telecommunication system
16) Enquire officer and public relation
officer\
17) Patient information booklet
18) Inserts in payrolls and attendance
register
1) Assignment to the students :

WRITE DOWN THE

ASSIGNMENT ON: Telecommunication system

Date of Submission

Bibliography

1 BT Basavanthappa,Nursing Administration, first edition,jaypee

brothers,Kundli,2008.
2 Deepak k.,A Comprehensive Textbook On Nursing Management, first
edition, Vinay Printers,Banglore:2013.
3 Mary Lucita,Nursing Practice and PublicHealth Administration,Second
edition,ELSEVIER,New Delhi:2007
4 Neelam Kumari,A textbook Of Management of Nursing Services and
Education ,First edition, P V Books:2011.(as per INC Syllabus)
5 Neelam Kumari,A textbook Of Management of Nursing Services and
Education ,First edition, P V Books:2011.
6 Patricia Kelly, Leadership and Management in Nursing First edition,
DELMAR CENGAGE learning,Australia:2008.
7 Swinder Kaur,A Professional Adjustment ward Management and Trends in
Nursing ,Second edition, Lotus publishers, Jalandhar::2011.
Lesson Plan on Communication

Page 9

8 Shabnam Masih, Nursing Managemnet-In Service And Education first

edition, Lotus publishers,Jalandhar::2011.

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