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Original Article
Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology
February 2005, Volume 33, Issue 1, pp 113-130
First online:

The Etiology of Behavior Problems in 7-YearOld Twins: Substantial Genetic Influence and
Negligible Shared Environmental Influence
for Parent Ratings and Ratings by Same and
Different Teachers

Kimberly J. Saudino

, Angelica Ronald

, Robert Plomin

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Abstract
Parent ratings of behavior problems in childhood show substantial genetic influence and modest
shared environmental influence. However, few studies have compared these results to teacher
ratings and no previous studies have compared same-teacher ratings to different-teacher ratings.
3,714 7-year-old twin pairs in the Twins Early Development Study were rated by parents and
teachers on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Substantial heritability and negligible
shared environmental influence were found for data from all three raters for total behavior
problems, hyperactivity, prosocial behavior, peer problems, conduct problems, and emotional
symptoms. Sex-limitation models revealed similar results for males and females, although there
was some evidence for greater heritability for boys, especially when twins were rated by the
same teacher.
twins behavior problems genetics model fitting
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Title
The Etiology of Behavior Problems in 7-Year-Old Twins: Substantial Genetic Influence
and Negligible Shared Environmental Influence for Parent Ratings and Ratings by Same
and Different Teachers
Journal
Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology
Volume 33, Issue 1 , pp 113-130
Cover Date

2005-02
DOI
10.1007/s10802-005-0939-7
Print ISSN
0091-0627
Online ISSN
1573-2835
Publisher
Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers
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Clinical Psychology

Developmental Psychology

twins

behavior problems

genetics

model fitting

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Kimberly J. Saudino

Angelica Ronald (2)

Robert Plomin (2)

Authors
(1) (3)

Author Affiliations

1. Psychology Department, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts

3. Psychology Department, Boston University, 64 Cummington Street, Boston,

Massachusetts, 02215

2. Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry,

London, UK

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