Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
(DraF, 2014)
Poiseuille (1840):
0
=
1 + T + T 2
= constant coefficients
SloNe
(1881,1892):
He
proposed
a
formula
with
three
constants:
c
=
(a + T )n
Graetz
(1888):
He
proposed
the
formula
A( T )
(T T1 )
k = k0 exp[ E/RT ]
= 0 exp[B/T ]
J.
de
Guzman,
Anales
de
la
Sociedad
Espanola
de
Fisica
y
Quimica,
1913,11,353.
Andrade,
Enda
C.
"Viscosity
of
liquids."
Nature
125.3148
(1930):
309-310
Andrade,
E.
D.
C.
(1934).
LVIII.
A
theory
of
the
viscosity
of
liquids-Part
II.
The
London,
Edinburgh,
and
Dublin
Philosophical
Magazine
and
Journal
of
Science,
17(113),
698-732.
= A exp(B/T )
Raman
notes
that
the
constants
A
and
B
cannot
be
directly
related
to
the
parameters
in
the
Boltzmann
distribu.on,
but
are
sugges.ve
of
the
exponen.al
form.
= A exp(B/R T )
Ward
also
suggests
that
the
constants
A
and
B
can
depend
on
temperature
In
his
paper
he
gives
a
list
of
references
that
explore
the
Arrhenius
behavior,
including
work
by
Raman
1923;
Frenkel
1926;
Andrade
1930,1931,1934;
Sheppard
1930;
Eyring
1936;
Viscosity
Dependence
on
Temperature:
Data
The
next
couple
of
slides
show
some
data
on
the
viscosity
dependence
on
temperature
for
small
molecules
CH2 I2
CHCl3
poise
D2 O
HF
H2 O
CH3 Cl
TiBr4
MelTng
point
Br2
NH3
HCN
K
Arrhenius Viscosity:
log = A + E/R T
T increasing
cyclohexane
cyclopentane
C(NO2 )4
(CH3 )3 Cl
C 2 H6
C(CH3 )4
C 2 H4
CH3 CCl3
T increasing
Arrhenius Viscosity:
log = A + E/R T
= 0 exp
B
T
T0
Gas Constant
Temperature (K)
(300)/(310) = 1.67
Data
from:
Gupta,
Polymer
Composite
Rheology,
1977
Tg
Temperature increasing
= 0 [1 + ( )2 ](n
1)/2