Revised Drug Index

DRUG INDEX
(June 2015 Revision)

Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Acetazolamide
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
250-375 mg/day
250-1000 mg 24
hrly
8-30 mg/kg/day
Acetylcysteine
(Fluimucil)
600mg/200mg
Acetylsalicylic
acid
(Aspirin)
325 mg/tab or 80
mg/tab
Mode of Action
The action of acarbose is
based on inhibition of the
intestinal enzymes (glucosidases) involved in
the degradation of
disaccharides,
oligosaccharides and
polysaccharides. This
leads to a dosedependent delay in the
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
the drug forces the
kidneys to excrete
bicarbonate, the
conjugate base of
carbonic acid. By
increasing the amount of
bicarbonate excreted in
the urine, the blood
becomes more acidic.
Acidifying the blood
stimulates ventilation,
which increases the
amount of oxygen in the
blood
Exerts mucolytic action
through its free
sulfylhydryl group which
opens up the disulfide
bonds in the
mucoproteins thus
lowering mucous
viscosity.
Antithrombotic,
analgesic/antipyretic
Inhibits prostaglandin
synthesis, resulting in
analgesia, antiinflammatory activity
and platelet aggregation
inhibition; reduces fever
by aacting on the brains
heat-regulating canter to
promote vasodilation
and sweating.
Indications
Additional therapy in
association with diet in
patients with diabetes
mellitus.
Prevention of onset of type
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
inactive constituents.
Chronic intestinal
disorders associated with
distinct disturbances of
digestion and absorption.
severe renal impairment
Adverse Effects
Flatulence. Common: Diarrhea,
gastrointestinal and abdominal
pain. Uncommon: Nausea,
vomiting, dyspepsia. Not
Known: Subileus/ileus,
pneumatosis cystoidis
intestinalis.
Prophylaxis of high altitude

sickness, Acute closed
angle glaucoma, Epilepsy
Hypersensitivity to
sulphonamides; sodium
or potassium depletion,
hepatic insufficiency;
hepatic cirrhosis;
hyperchloraemic
acidosis; severe renal
impairment; severe
pulmonary obstruction;
chronic noncongestive
angle-closure glaucoma;
adrenocortical
insufficiency. Pregnancy,
lactation
Phenylketonurics
Drowsiness, paraesthesia,
ataxia, dizziness, thirst,
anorexia, headache; confusion,
malaise, depression; GI
distress, metabolic acidosis,
polyuria, hyperuricaemia, renal
calculi, nephrotoxicity, hepatic
dysfunction.
Potentially Fatal: Rarely, skin
reactions or blood dyscrasias.
Use with caution in

patients prone to
dyspepsia or known to
have a lesion of the
gastric mucosa. Do not
administer to patients
with hemophilia and is
not recommended to
infants <1 year. Caution
is necessary when renal
or hepatic function is
impaired and particularly
Gastric hemorrhage,
hypersensitivity and
thrombocytopenia may occur
Acute and chronic

respiratory tract infections
with abundant mucus
secretions.
Prophylaxis of
thromboembolic disorder;
prevention of MI & stroke
Rarely, urticaria,
bronchospasm, nausea and
vomiting.
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Allopurinol
(Allomaron,
Allurase,
Alpurase, Elavil,
Llanol, Lopric,
Lopurine,
Loricid,
Purinase)
300mg / tab
Adult 2-10 mg/kg
BW/day.
Mild 100-200 mg
daily.
Moderately
severe 300-600
mg daily
Almitrine
30mg/tab q8
Ambroxol
Cap: 75mg
1cap TID
Susp: 30mg/5ml
0.5~5ml TID
Ambroxol
30mg/5ml
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
Absorption of most oral
penicillins is impaired by
food (except amoxicillin),
and should be
administered 1-2 hours
before a meal.
Intravenous route is
preferred because of
irritation and local pian
produced by the
intramuscular injection
of large doses. Penicillin
is rapidly excreted by the
kidney into the urine,
small amounts excreted
via other routes
Almitrine is a peripheral
chemoreceptor agonist
that is used as a
respiratory stimulant in
acute respiratory failure
such as COPD. It is
believed to improve
oxygenation by
enhancing the
ventilation perfusion
mismatch.
Causes the formation of
qualitatively different
mucus of lower viscosity
by the mucus-secreting
cells and thus leads to a
liquefaction of the mucus
in the lumen of the
respiratory tract
a secreolytic. It causes
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
in children who are

dehydrated
Pregnancy & lactation.
Hepatic or renal
impairment (reduce
dose). Initiate therapy
after acute gout attack
has subsided
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
Rash or hypersensitivity
reactions (discontinue). Acute
attack of gouty arthritis in early
stages of therapy. GI
disturbance. Blood & lymphatic
system disorders. Fever,
general malaise, headache,
vertigo, ataxia.
Minor age-related
neurological disorders.
Some visual disorders
related to the circulation.
Some disorders of the inner
ear related to the
circulation
Concurrent
administration with
MAOIs.
Abdominal discomfort,
epigastric distress, peptic
ulceration, headache, nausea,
peripheral angioedema,
tinnitus, edema.
Acute & chronic diseases of

the respiratory tract with
pathologically thickened
mucus & impaired mucus
transport
1st trimester of
pregnancy
Mild GI disturbance eg nausea,

vomiting & diarrhea
respiratory tract disease
mild GI effects and
mild GI effects and allergic
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
(Mucosolvan)
Amlodipine
(Amvasc)
(Norvasc)
5mg/tab OD
Amino acids
(Dipeptiven)
1.5-2ml/kg
BW/day, max 3
wk
Amoclav
Clavulanic acid Amoxicillin
1 g tab once a
day
Amoxicillin
500 mg/ cap P.O
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
the formation of the
qualitative different
mucus of the lower
mucus-secreting cells
and thus leads to the
liquefication of the
mucus in the lumenof
the respiratory tract.
Inhibits Ca++ ions from
the entering the slow
channels of select
voltage-sensitive areas
of vascular smooth
muscle and myocardium
during depolarization,
producing relaxation of
coronary vascular
smooth muscle and
coronary vasodilation;
increases myocardial
oxygen delivery in
patients with vasospastic
angina.
As a supplement to
amino acid solutions or
an amino acid-containing
infusion regimen in
parenteral nutrition for
hypercatabolic or
hypermetabolic patients
Inhibit cell wall
synthesis. Beta
lactamase inhibitor and
protect hydrolysable
penicillins from
inactivation.
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
associated with abnormal

mucus secretions,
especially in exacerbation
of asthmatic bronchitis and
chronic bronchitis
allergic reactions
reactions
Hypertension, Angina,
myocardial ischemia.
Reduce the risk of coronary
revascularization.
Known sensitivity to
dihydropyridines
Headache, edema, fatigue,

somnolence, nausea,
abdominal pain, flushing,
palpitations, dizziness.
Asthenia, vasodilation and
epistaxis.
Inhibit cell wall
Respiratory tract, skin &
Monitor hepatic function

in patients with
compensated hepatic
insufficiency. Pregnancy
and lactation , children
Contraindicated in
patients with penicillin
hypersensitivity.
Superinfections involving
pseudomonas or
candida. Pregnancy and
lactation
Contraindicated in
Diarrhea, nausea, skin rashes,

urticaria, vaginitis, abdominal
discomfort, flatulence,
headache
Effects: diarrhea, nausea,
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Ampicillin
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
synthesis. Beta
penicillins from
inactivation.
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
soft tissue infections
skin rashes, urticaria, vaginitis,

abdominal discomfort,
flatulence, headache
Ampicillin acts as a
competitive inhibitor of
the enzyme
transpeptidase.
Transpeptidase is needed
by bacteria to make their
cell walls
Respiratory tract infections,

bacterial meningitis,
septicemia and
endocarditis, urinary tract
infections, gastrointestinal
infections,

hypersensitivity.
pseudomonas or
lactation.
Hypersensitivity to
drugs,
pseudomembranous
colitis
itching, nausea, vomiting,

candidiasis, fatigue, malaise,
headache, chest pain,
flatulence, abdominal
distension, glossitis, urine
retention, dysuria, edema,
facial swelling, erythema, chills,
tightness in throat, substernal
pain, epistaxis and mucosal
bleeding.
Asparaginase
(Elspar,
Oncaspar,
Erwinase)
Adults and
children:
200 IU/KG
intravenously
daily for 28 days
Asparaginase interferes
with malignant cell
growth by breaking down
asparagine to aspartic
acid and ammonia as
leukemic cells are unable
to synthesise asparagine
and depends on
exogenous source of
asparagine for survival.
It acts on the G1 phase of
the cell cycle.
Induction of remissions in
acute lymphoblastic
leukaemia
Hypersenstivity.
Pregnancy: Use only if
potential benefit justifies
risk to the fetus
Breast Feeding:
Discontinue nursing or
the drug
Nausea, vomiting, headache,

fever, abdominal pain,
hyperglycaemia leading to
coma, hypersensitivity, renal
damge, coagulation defects,
thrombosis, CNS depression or
hyperexcitability, acute
hemorrhagic pancreatitis
Atenolol
250mg/tab
Competitively and
selectively blocks
stimulation of beta1adrenergic receptor
within vascular smooth
muscle to produce
negative chronotropic
and positive inotropic
Hypertension, angina
pectoris, cardiac
arrhythmia, MI, prophylaxis
of migraine.
Metabolic acidosis, sinus

bradycardia, partial
heart block
Heart failure, heart block and

bronchospasm
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Atorvastatin Ca
Lipitor
10 mg/tab
Atropine
1amp q3min
Atropine sulfate
1 drop 3 times a
day at left eye
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
activity. It also decreases
RAAS at high doses and
inhibits beta2-receptors
in brochial system at
higher doses.
Inhibitor of HMG-CoA
reductase, the rate
limiting enzyme in
cholesterol synthesis,
result in compensatory
increase in expression of
LDL receptors on
hepatocyte membranes
& stimulation of LDL
catabolism
Blocks the action of
acetylcholine at
parasympathetic sites in
smooth muscle,
secretory glands and the
CN; Increases cardiac
output, dries secretions,
antagonizes histamine
and seotonin
mechanism of action
involves blocking the
contraction of the
circular pupillary
sphincter muscle, which
is normally stimulated by
acetylcholine release,
thereby allowing the
radial pupillary dilator
muscle to contract and
dilate the pupil
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
Reduction of elevated total

& LDL cholesterol
apolipoprotein B &
triglycerides & increase
HDL cholesterol in patients
with primary
hypercholesterolemia.
Active liver disease,

pregnancy and lactation.
Nausea & vomiting, diarrhea

abdominal pain, constipation,
dyspepsia, flatulence,
headache, myalgia, insomnia,
muscle cramps, peripheral
edema
Premd to general anesth,

to counteract muscarinic
effects of
anticholinesterases, aystole
& electromechanical
dissociation, bradycardia,
antidote to
organophosphate
poisoning, antidote to
cholinomimetic poisoning
Mydriasis &/or cycloplegia.
For cycloplegic refraction,
for pupillary dilation
desired in acute
inflammatory conditions of
the iris & uveal tract.
Prostate enlargement,
paralytic ileus, pyloric
stenosis, angle-closure
glaucoma & narrow
angle between iris &
cornea. Childrn with high
ambient temp.
Dryness of the mouth & skin,

thirst, reduced bronchial
secretions, mydriasis,
cycloplegia, photophobia,
flushing, transcient bradycardia
then tachycardia, palpitations,
arrhythmia, difficulty in
micturition, constipation,
hyperthermia
Primary glaucoma or a
tendency toward
glaucoma.
Hypersensitivity.
Prolonged use may produce

local irritation.
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
500mg/250mg
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
Inhibits RNA-dependent
protein synthesis at the
chain elongation step;
binds to the 50s
ribosomal unit resulting
in blockage of
transpeptidation.
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
Upper and lower

respiratory tract infections,
skin and soft tissue
infections, otitis media,
STD due to Chlamydia
trachomatis &
uncomplicated genital
infections due to nonmultiresistant Neisseria
gonorrhoeae.
Hypersensitivity to
erythromycin and other
macrolide antibiotics.
Nausea, abdominal discomfort,

vomiting, flatulence, diarrhea
and loose stools.
Azithromycin
(Zithromax)
500mg/tab OD
Respiratory tract infections,

skin and soft tissue
infections, otitis media,
STD due to N.gonnorhea,
prophylFaxis for MAC in
HIV,
hypersensitivity
GI disturbances,
hypersensitivity, angioedema,
anaphylaxis, hearing
impairment, abnormal liver
function, dizziness, vertigo,
reduced cell counts
Bacillus clausal
(Erceflora)
2billion/5ml
Adult : 2~3
vials/day,
children :
1~2vials/day
Inhibits RNA dependent

protein synthesis at the
chain elongation step,
binds to the 50s
ribosomal unit resulting
in blockage of
transpeptidation
Antidiarrheal
N/A
N/A
Betahistine
diHCl
8 mg 1-2 tab TID
Treatment of acute diarrhea

with duration of 14 days
due to infections, drugs or
poisons or for chronic or
persistent diarrhea with
duration of 14 days
Menieres disease, Menierelike syndrome
characterized by attacks of
vertigo, tinnitus &
sensorineural deafness,
peripheral vertigo
Pheochromocytoma,
bronchial asthma, history
of peptic ulcer
Mild gastric symptoms, rash,

pruritus, urticaria
Azithromycin
dihydrate
Bethanecol
Chloride
(Uriflow)
Anti-histamine with
specific cellular
receptors located ont the
surface membrane
Stimulates muscarinic
acetylcholine receptors
directly; mimics effects
of parasympathetic
system stimulation;
stimulates gastric
motility, micturition;
increases lower
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
esophageal sphincter
pressure
Stimulates enteric
nerves to cause colonic
mass movements
Bisacodyl
(Dulcolax)
1-2 tab at night
Brimonidine
tartrate 2.0
mg/mL and
Timolol 5.0
mg/mL eye
drops
(COMBIGAN)
1 drop every 12
hours
combines reversibly with

a part of the cell
membrane, the betaadrenergic receptor, and
thus inhibits the usual
biological response that
would occur with
stimulation of that
receptor.
predominant action may
be related to reduced
aqueous formation. A
slight increase in outflow
facility was also
observed.
Bromazepam
( Lexotan )
1.5 mg/ tab
Benzodiazepine:
Potentiates the action of
GABA by increasing the
frequency of opening of
the chloride channel
complexed with the
GABA A receptor.
Binds to stereo specific
benzodiazepine
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
Constipation. Preparation
for radiography,
antepartum, postpartum
care, preparation for
sigmoidoscopy or
protoscopy or colonoscopy,
hemorrhoids and anal
fissures
for the reduction of
elevated intraocular
pressure in patients with
open angle glaucoma or
ocular hypertension not
adequately responding to
monotherapy.
Ileus, intestinal
obstruction, acute
surgical abdominal
conditions, severe
dehydration
Rarely, abdominal discomfort

and diarrhea
in patients with
hypersensitivity to any
component of this
medication, in patients
receiving monoamine
oxidase (MAO) inhibitor
therapy, in patients with
bronchospasm, bronchial
asthma or patients with
a history of bronchial
asthma, or severe
chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease, in
patients with sinus
bradycardia, second or
third degree
atrioventricular block,
overt cardiac failure or
cardiogenic shock.
Early pregnancy,
lactation, Myasthenia
Gravis, Hypersensitivity
Very common (>1/10):

conjunctival hyperaemia,
burning sensation.
Common (>1/100, <1/10):
stinging sensation in the eye,
eye pruritus, allergic
conjunctivitis, conjunctival
folliculosis, visual disturbance,
blepharitis, epiphora, corneal
erosion, superficial punctate
keratitis, eye dryness, eye
discharge, eye pain, eye
irritation, foreign body
sensation.
Emotional disturbances,
functional disturbances in
the cardiovascular and
respiratory systems,
psychosomatic disorder,
emotional reactions to
chronic organic disease.
Acute anxiety, hallucinations,

insomnia or excitation
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Bromhexine
16 mg/ capsule
Budesonide MDI
64 mcg MDI
Budesonide +
Formoterol
fumarate
(Symbicort)
320/9 mcg
160/4.5 mcg
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
receptors on the post
synaptic GABA neuron at
the several sites within
the CNS. Enhancement
of the inhibitory effect of
GABA on neuronal
excitability results by
increased neuronal
membrane permeability
to chloride ions.
Secretolytic therapy in
acute and chronic
bronchopulmonary
disease associated with
abnormal mucus
secretion and impared
mucus transport
Glucocorticosteroid with
a high local antiinflammatory effect.
Budesonide: Antiinflammatory
corticosteroid, has
potent glucocorticoid
activity and weak
mineralocorticoid
activity.
Formeterol: Long acting
beta 2 adrenergic
agonist, local
bronchodilator,
stimulates IC adenylyl
cyclase, which results in
increased cyclic
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
acute & chronic
bronchopulmonary disease
associated with abnormal
mucus secretion &
impaired mucus transport
GI ulcerations
Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting &

other mild GI side effects.
Allergic reactions
Bronchial asthma.
Seasonal allergic &
allergic/non-allergic
perennial rhinitis.
Treatment & prevention of
nasal polyps after
polypectomy
Asthma
COPD
Not intended for rapid

relief of acute episodes
of asthma where an
inhaled short-acting
bronchodilator is
required.
Mild irritation in the throat,

hoarseness & coughing.
Candida infection in the
oropharynx. Hemorrhagic
secretion, epistaxis & nasal
irritation (nasal spray).
URTI
Headache
Nasopharyngitis
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Calcium
polystyrene
sulfonate
(Kalimate)
Candesartan
5g sachet
Captopril
(Capotec)
25mg/tab
Carbimazole
15mg/day PO
divided q8hr
initially
Carbocisteine
( Solmux )
100 mg/ 5 ml, 3

ml TID
16 mg once daily.
total daily doses
ranging from 8-32
mg.
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
adenosine
monophosphate levels,
causing relaxation of
bronchial smooth muscle
and inhibition of release
of mast cell mediators.
Is a calcium-type resin
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
Hyperkalemia resulting
from acute or chronic renal
failure.
Constipation, anorexia, and

nausea.
Angiotensin II is formed
from angiotensin I in a
reaction catalyzed by
angiotensin-converting
enzyme (ACE), kininase
II.
Blocks the
vasoconstrictor and
aldosterone secreting
effects of angiotensin II;
selectively blocks the
binding of angiotensin II
to the AT1 receptor
found in the tissues.
Is an ACE-inhibitor which
converts angiotensin I to
angiotensin II.
Hypertension
Heart failure
Careful administration in
patients with
hyperparathyroidism and
multiple myeloma.
Hypersensitivity
Severe hepatic
impairment and/or
cholestasis.
Discontinue
breastfeeding or drug
due to potential risk to
breastfeeding infants,
Pregnancy. Severe or
end-stage renal
impairment, children
GI symptoms
Inhibits synthesis of
thyroid hormone by
blocking oxidation of
iodine in thyroid gland;
blocks synthesis of
thyroxine (T4) and
triiodothyronine (T3)
Reduces the viscosity of
bronchial secretions anf
Hyperthyroidism, graves
disease, thyrotoxic crisis
Patients with
hypersensitivity to the
drug and who
experienced angioedema
during ACE drug therapy.
Hypersensitivity,
breastfeeding
For relief of cough

associated with excessive
Peptic Ulcer and

hypersensitivity to
Nausea, diarrhea, gastric

discomfort, GI bledding and
For treatment of
hypertension, CHF.
Hypotension, tachycardia,
palpitation, angina pectoris,
myocardial infarction.
Nausea, abdominal pain,
diarrhea, dyspepsia, vomiting,
anorexia, gastroenteritis,
stomach discomfort, epigastric
pain, stomatitis.
Epistaxis, neutropenia,
leukopenia, agranulocytosis,
leukocytosis, eosinophilia,
anemia.
Agranulocytosis, alopecia,
aplastic anemia, dermatologic
reaction, hepatotoxicity,
leukocytoclastic vasculitis,
neuritis, polyarthritis
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Carvedilol
(Dilatrend)
Cefaclor
Cefalexin
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
facilitates excretion
Is a multiple action
neurohormonal
antagonist consisting of
nonselective beta and
alpha blockade, and
antioxidant properties.
>1mth:
20mg/kg/day PO
divided TID
>6mth:
20mg/kg/day PO
once daily or 15
mg/kg/day PO
divided BID
500mg/cap
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
and tenacious sputum, as

with acute and chronic
bronchitis and chronic
obstructive pulmonary
disease
Management of essential
hypertension. Treatment of
angina pectoris. Treatment
of symptomatic CHF.
carbocisteine
skin rash
Patients with NYHA Class

IV decompensated heart
failure requiring
intravenous inotropic
support; asthma; COPD;
2nd and 3rd degree AV
block; severe
bradycardia; cardiogenic
shock; sick sinus
syndrome
Patients allergic with
penicillin, GI disease esp
with history of colitis
Dizziness, headache, fatigue,

bradycardia, skin reactions, GI
upset
Hypersensitivity to
cephalosporins or
penicillins
fever, headache,lethargy,
paresthesia, syncope, seizures,
edema,
hypotension,vasodilation,
palpitations, chest pain,
hearing loss, nausea, vomiting,
diarrhea, abdominal cramps,
oral candidiasis,
pseudomembranous colitis
vaginal candidiasis
nephrotoxicity, lymphocytosis,
eosinophilia, bleeding
tendency, hemolytic anemia,
neutropenia,
thrombocytopenia,
Inhibit mucopeptide
synthesis in the bacterial
cell wal. Broad spectrum
& b-lactamase-resistant;
used for infections by
gm-ve bacilli.
Cephalexin, like the
penicillins, is a betalactam antibiotic. By
binding to specific
penicillin-binding
proteins (PBPs) located
inside the bacterial cell
wall, it inhibits the third
and last stage of
bacterial cell wall
synthesis. Cell lysis is
then mediated by
bacterial cell wall
autolytic enzymes such
as autolysins; it is
UTI, respiratory tract

illness, skin and soft tissue
infections, first line
treatment for cellulitis
Hypersensitivity reaction
(urticaria, pruritus, rash, severe
reactions eg anaphylaxis can
occur); GI effects (diarrhea,
N/V, rarely antibioticassociated diarrhea
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Cefazolin
0.5~1gram every
5~12 hours
Max 6g/day
Cefixime
(Tergecef)
200mg/cap
Cefoxitin
sodium
(Monowel)
1g IV every 8
hours
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
possible that cephalexin
interferes with an
autolysin inhibitor.
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Bind to PBPs on bacterial

cell membranes to
inhibit bacterial cell wall
synthesis by
mechanisms similar to
those of the penicillins
Acts by inhibitng cell wall
synthesis. Bactericidal.
Bone & joint infection,

bronchitis, gonorrhea,
meningitis, otitis media,
peritonitis, pharyngitis,
sinusitis, skin infection,
surgical infection, UTI
Acute bronchitis,
bronchiectasis with
infection, pneumonia,
sinusitis, pharyngitis,
cystitis, cholangitis
2nd generation
cephalosporin
Active against g+ cocci

(pneumococci,
streptococci and
staphylococci) and gorganisms. Active
against B fragilis and
some Serratia species
but less active against H
influenzae. Exhibit in
vitro activity against
enterobacter species,
but should not be used
to treat infections caused
by these organisms
because resistant
mutants constitutively
express a chromosomal
beta-lactamase that
hydrolyzes these
compounds are readily
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
agranulocytosis, joint pain,

dyspnea, rash, maculopapular
urticaria, superinfection, chills,
pain, allergic reaction,
hypersensitivity reactions
anaphylaxis, serum sickness
Hypersensitivity to
cephalosporin
Hypersensitivity to
penicillins
Patients with transient

persistent reduction of
urinary output due to
renal insufficiency.
Precaution when used for
neonates
Shock, hypersensitivity
reaction, granulocytopenia,
eosinophilia,
thrombocytopenia, GI
disturbance, convulsion, HA,
dizziness, malaise
Shock, anaphylactoid
symptoms, agranulocytosis,
vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal
pain
Hypotension, phlebitis,
thrombophlebitis,
pseudomembranous colitis,
nausea, vomiting, diarrhea,
acute renal failure, transient
neutropenia, dyspnea,
maculopapular and
erythematous rash, urticaria,
hypersensitivity reactions,
serum sickness, anaphylaxis,
fever
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Ceftazidime
(Tazidem)
1 gm vial
Ceftriaxone
1~2 g once a
daily
Cefuroxime
500mg every 12
hours
IV, oral
Cefuroxime
750 mg 3 times
daily by IM or IV
injection, may be
increased to 1.5 g
3 times daily IV in
severe infections.
30-60 mg/kg/day,
may be increased
to 100 mg/kg/day
given as 3 or 4
divided doses, if
necessary.
Celecoxib
(Celebrex)
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
selected.
Bactericidal in action by
inhibitng bacterial cell
wall synthesis.
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
Treatment of single or
multiple infections caused
by susceptible organisms.
Diarrhea, urticarial rash, pain

on injection site.

cell membranes to
synthesis by
cell membranes to
synthesis by
Lower respiratory tract.

Acute bacterial otitis
media, skin & skin
structure, urinary tract,
meningitis & surgical
prophylaxis
Bone & joint infection,
bronchitis, gonorrhea,
meningitis, otitis media,
peritonitis, pharyngitis,
sinusitis, skin infection,
surgical infection, UTI
Patients with known

hypersensitivity to
cephalosporins
antibiotics.
Hypersensitivity to
cephalosporin
Cephalosporin (2nd
generation); binds to
essential target proteins
and the resultant
inhibition of cell-wall
synthesis.
Treatment of susceptible
infections which include
bone and joint infections,
bronchitis (and other lower
respiratory tract
infections), gonorrhea,
meningitis (although
treatment failures have
been reported in H.
influenzae meningitis),
otitis media, peritonitis,
pharyngitis, sinusitis, skin
infections (including soft
tissue infections) and
urinary tract infections.
Injection: Prophylaxis for
surgical infection.
Treatment of signs and
symptoms of osteoarthritis
Is a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug
hypersensitive to the
drug or other
nitroimidazole
derivatives and in
patients in 1st trimester
of pregnancy
Hypersensitivity to
cephalosporin
antibiotics.
Patients with known

hypersensitivity to
Hypersensitivity reaction,
urticaria, eosinophilia, serum
sickness-like fever,
anaphylaxis, neutropenia,
thrombocytopenia, ATN, acute
intestinal nephritis
GI disturbances, occasionally
pseudomembranous colitis;
hypersensitivity reactions.
Eosinophilia. Headache.
Superinfection or eythema
multiforme, Stevens-Johnson
syndrome, toxic epidermal
necrolysis
Transient pain at the site of IM
injection which is more likely to
occur with higher doses.
Skin rashes (maculopapular
and urticaria),
Diarrhea and nausea.
Pseudomembranous colitis
Decreased hemoglobin
concentration and/or
eosinophilia, leukopenia and
neutropenia
Transient rise in serum glutamic
oxaloacetic transaminase
(SGOT) and serum glutamic
pyruvic transaminase (SGPT)
and bilirubin may occur.
Abdominal pain, diarrhea,
dyspepsia, flatulence, nausea,
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
(NSAID) that exhibits
anti-inflammatory,
analgesic and antipyretic
activities due to
inhibition of
prostaglandin synthesis.
Chamomile
extract +
Methyl
salicylate +
Peppermint +
sage oil + anise
oil + pine
needle oil +
bergamot oil +
Cineol
(Kamillosan-M)
Chlorphenamine
maleate
(Antamin)
Spray TID to the

affected region of
the buccal and
pharyngeal cavity.
2 puffs applied w/
the spraying head
correspond to a
fully effective
single dose.
10 mg IV
Competes with histamine

for H1-receptor sites on
effector cells in the
gastrointestinal tract,
blood vessels, and
respiratory tract
Cinnarizine
25mg/tab q12
Inhibits contractions of
vascular smooth muscle
cells by blocking calcium
channels. In addition to
this deformability and
derdirect calcium
antagonism, cinnarizine
decreases the contractile
activity of vasoactive
substances. It may
further improve deficient
microcirculation by
increasing erythrocyte
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
and rheumatoid arthritis.

Treatment of acute pain.
celecoxib and to patients

who have experienced
asthma, urticaria or
allergic-type reactions
after taking aspirin or
other NSAIDS.
None
back pain, dizziness, headache,

insomnia, rashes.
Lower resp tract disease.

Newborn or premature
infatns
Sedation, lassitude, elation or

depression, irritability, paranoid
psychosis, delusion,
hallucination. Muscular
weakness, incoordination. GIT
disturbances. Headache,
tinnitus. Difficulty in
micturition. CV effects
Somnolence & GI disturbance.
Aggravation or appearance of
extrapyramidal symptoms
(prolonged use in the elderly).
Inflammation affections of
the buccal and pharyngeal
cavity, parodontosis, acute
gingivitis, pain after tooth
extraction and during
second dentition, mucosal
irritation caused by dental
plates, tonsillary angina,
canker sores, bad breath
Allergy, allergic rhinitis,
bronchial asthma,
vasomotor rhinitis,
dermatoses of allergic
etiology, urticaria, drug
sensitization, serum
sickness, anaphylactic
shock, insect bites
Maintenance therapy of
labyrinthine disorders,
cerebrovascular origin,
migraine. Prophylaxis of
motion sickness,
maintenance therapy for
symptoms of peripheral
circulation disorders.
Hypersensitivity
Precautions: do not spray

directly to the nose. Contains
about 25% by vol ethyl alcohol.
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Ciprofloxacin
(Ciprobay)
500mg/tab q12 x
7 days
Ciprofloxacin
HCl
Prozine
500mg / tab
Cystic fibrosis
20mg/kg, max
750mg BID
Gonorrhea
500mg OD
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
deformability and
decreasing blood
viscosity. Cellular
resistance to hypoxia is
increased. Cinnarizine
inhibits stimulation of
the vestibular system
which results in
suppression of
nystagmus and other
autonomic disturbances.
Acute episodes of vertigo
can be prevented or
reduced by cinnarizine.
Blocks bacterial DNA
synthesis by inhibiting
bacterial topoisomerase
II (DNA gyrase) and
topoisomerase IV
Inhibits DNA-gyrase in
susceptible organism;
inhibit relaxation of
supercoiled DNA and
promotes breakage of
double-stranded DNA
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
For gram-negative bacterial

infections
Intra-abdominal infections.
Respiratory tract, middle
ear, sinus, eyes, kidneys,
Urinary Tract genital
abdomen, skin & soft tissue
infections, bone & joints,
septicemia; infections in
patients with reduced host
defense & selective
intestinal decontamination
inmmunocompromised
patients
Gram negative infection.
Treatment of wide range of
infections including
anthrax, biliary tract
infection, bone & joint
infections, brucellosis,
infected bites & stings, cat
scratch disease, chancroid,
exacerbations of cystic
fibrosis, gastroenteritis,
Hypersensitivity
Pregnancy and lactation
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea,

headache, restlessness ,rash
Pregnancy & lactation,

methicillin-resistant
S.aureus infections

abdominal pain, dyspepsia.
Headache, dizziness,
restlessness, tremor,
drowsiness, rarely insomnia,
visual & other sensory
disturbances. Rash, pruritus,
elevated liver enzyme values,
jaundice, hepatitis.
Eosinophilia, leucopenia,
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Citicoline Na
500mg/cap
Citicholine;
cytidine 5'diphosphocholin
e
200-600 mg for
head injury
Cerebrovascular
disorders
Adult: 200-600
mg daily in
divided doses.
Oral
Parkinsonism
Adult: 200-600
mg daily in
divided doses.
Parenteral
7.5 mg/kg bid up
to a max 500 mg
bid. Usual
duration: 5-10
days
Clarithromycin
(Klaricid)
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
A derivative of choline
and cytidineinvolved in
the synthesis of lecithin.
It is claimed to increase
blood flow and oxygen
consumption in the
brain.
Citicoline increases blood
flow and O2
consumption in the
brain. It is also involved
in the biosynthesis of
lecithin
Clarithromycin prevents
bacteria from growing by
interfering with their
protein synthesis.
Clarithromycin binds to
the subunit 50S of the
bacterial ribosome and
thus inhibits the
translation of peptides.
Clarithromycin has
similar antimicrobial
spectrum as
erythromycin but is more
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
gonorrhea, legionnaires
disease, otitis media &
externa, peritonitis, Q
fever, lower respiratory
tract infection
Cerebrovascular disorder
including ischemic stroke,
parkinsonism, and head
injury
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
thrombocytopenia, hemolytic
anemia or agranulocytosis.
Transient increase in serum
creatinine or BUN
Parasympathetic
hypertonia
Stomach pain, diarrhea,

hypotension, tachycardia,
bradycardia
Head injury
Cerebrovascular disorders
Parkinsonism
Cerebrovascular disorders
hypersensitivity reaction
Parasympathetic
hypertonia.
Stomach pain, diarrhea;

hypotension, tachycardia,
bradycardia.
Upper & lower resp tract,

acute otitis media, skin &
soft tissue infections.
Disseminated or localized
mycobacterial infections
due to Mycobacterium
avium or Mycobacterium
intracellulare
Known hypersensitivity
to macrolides.
Concomitant use of
clarithromycin w/
astemizole, cisapride,
pimozide, terfenadine &
ergotamine or
dihydroergotamine.
Patients receiving
terfenadine therapy w/
preexisting cardiac
abnormalities or
electrolyte disturbances
Nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia,

abdominal pain, taste
perversion, diarrhea, headache
& skin rash.
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Clindamycin
150-300 mg 6
hourly
Clonidine
(Catapres)
Oral: 0.1,0.2,0.3
mg tablets
Patche: release
0.1,0.2,0.3 mg/24
hrs
Clopidogrel
75 mg OD
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
effective against certain
gram-negative bacteria,
particularly Legionella
pneumophila. Besides
this bacteriostatic effect,
clarithromycin also has
bactericidal effect on
certain strains such as
Haemophilus influenzae,
Streptococcus
pneumoniae and
Neisseria gonorrhoeae..
Partial alpha-2
antagonist. Decrease
preganglionic
sympathetic outflow
from brain resulting in
decrease in blood
pressure
Inhibits platelet
aggregation by
irreversibly blocking the
ADP receptor on
platelets.
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
Treatment of anaerobic,
staphylococcal &
strepcoccal infections & in
the prophylaxis of
endocarditis; it is also used
in the treatment of acne &
protozoal infections such as
Pneumocytis carnii
pneumonia or
toxoplasmosis.
Hypersensivity drug &

lincomycin. Pregnancy &
lactataion.
Diarrhea. Pseudomembranous
colitis may develop.
Hypersensitivity reactions
including skin rashes, uticaria &
very rare anaphylaxis. Transient
leucopenia occasionally
agranulocytosis, eosinophilia,
thrombocytopenia, erythema
multiforme polyarthritis &
abnormalities in the liver
function tests. Jaundice &
hepatic damage. Local irritation
& contact dermatitis.
Orthostatic hypotension, rash,
drowsiness, dry mouth,
constipation, headache,
impaired ejaculation
Decrease dose with renal

insufficiency
For the reduction of

atherosclerotic events
evidenced by recent stroke,
MI, or established PAD. For
the treatment of nonSTsegment elevation acute
Severe liver impairment,

peptic ulcer and
intracranial hemorrhage,
lactation, patients with
hereditary galactose
intolerance.
GI bleeding, mucocutaneous
bleeding, intracranial and
ocular hemorrhage, abdominal
pain, dyspepsia, rash, pruritus.
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
Cloxacillin Na
(oxacillin)
500mg tab q4
It acts as a competitive
inhibitor of the enzyme
transpeptidase.
Transpeptidase is needed
by bacteria to make their
cell walls
Co-Amoxiclav
1 g tab once a
day
Inhibit cell wall

synthesis. Beta
penicillins from
inactivation.
Co-amoxiclav
(Augmentin)
625mg / cap
BID or TID
Colchicine
Taken at first
sign of flares
0.6mg PO OD or
BID; do not
Clavunate blocks the

beta lactamae enzymes,
thus, rendering the
organisms sensitive to
the amoxicillins rapid
bactericidal effect at
concentrations readily
attainable in the body.
Clavunalate by itself has
little bactericidal activity;
however, in association
with amoxicillin, it
produces an antibiotic
agent of broad spectrum
May interfere with
intracellular assembly of
inflammasome complex
present in neutrophils
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
coronary syndrome,
patients undergoing stent
placement following PTCI in
combination with ASA for
thrombolysis.
Treatment of infections due
to staphylococci resistant
to benzylpenicillin including
infection of skin & soft
tissue, bones & joints, resp
& urinary tacts, otitis
media, endocarditis,
septicemia, & meningitis
Infections of the upper and

lower respiratory tract,
GUT, skin & soft tissue,
bone & joint, septic
abortion, puerperal sepsis,
intra-abdominal sepsis,
dental infection
Gouty flares, Familial

Mediterranean fever,
gout prophylaxis,
behcets syndrome
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
Hypersensitivity to
penicillins
Gi disturbances
Contraindicated in
hypersensitivity.
pseudomonas or
lactation
Hypersensitivity to
penicillins and
cephalosphorins or other
allergen, possible cross
sensitivity with other lactams. History of
penicillin-associated
cholestatic jaundicehepatic dysfunction.
Diarrhea, nausea, skin rashes,

urticaria, vaginitis, abdominal
discomfort, flatulence,
headache
Do not coadminister with

P-gp or strong CY3A4
inhibitors in patients with
hepatic or renal
GI effects, Fatigue, Headache,

Pharyngolaryngeal pain, Goat
Side effects are uncommon and

mainly of a mild and transitory
nature
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
exceed 1.2
mg/day
Combivent
Nebules
16 mg/capsule
8 mg/5 mL syrup
4mg/ 5mL syrup
8mg/tablet
Cotrimoxazole
160mg/tabBID
Dexamethasone
5mg IV
Dexketoprofen
12.5 mg every 4
6 hours, or 25 mg
every 8 hours;
max 75 mg daily.
Elderly: initially
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
and monocytes that
mediates activation of
interleukin-1B; disruption
of cytoskeletal functions
through inhibition of Btubulin polymeration into
microtubules which
prevents activation,
degranulation, and
migration of neutrophils
thought to mediate some
gout symptoms
acute and chronic
bronchopulmonary
disease associated with
abnormal mucus
secretion and impared
mucus transport
SMZ inhibits formation of
dihydrofolic acid from
PABA, TMP inhibits
dihydrofolate reductase
blocking the synthesis of
tetrahydro folic acid
Decreases inflammation
by suppression of
migration of PMN
leukocytes and reversal
of increased capillary
permeability ;
suppresses normal
immune response
It works by blocking the
action of a substance in
the body called cyclooxygenase. Cyclooxygenase is involved in
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
impairment as lifethreatening and datal

colchicine toxicity has
been reported with
therapeutic doses,
hypersensitivity
Used in the treatment of

wet cough
GI ulcerations
Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting &

other mild GI side effects.
Allergic reactions and
anaphylaxis
UTI,RTI, skin infections,

septicemia, GUT and GIT
infections
Liver damage,pregnancy
GI upsets and Steven Johnson

Syndrome
Cerebral edema due to

malignancy
Severe shock
Neonate and infant
Risk of osteoporosis and

spontaneous fracture, muscle
wasting, nitrogen depletion,
hyperglycemia
Short-term treatment of
mild to moderate pain,
including dysmenorrhoea.
Active bleeding, Allergy

to any of its
ingredients,Allergy to
aspirin or other
medicines in this
This medicine may cause

dizziness and so may affect
your ability to drive or operate
machinery safely. Do not drive
or operate machinery until you
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
max 50 mg daily.
Child: not
recommended
Dexlansoprazole
60mg OD
Dextromethorp
han HBr
Guafenesin
(Robitussin DM)
TID
Diazepam
5-20 mg OD
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
the production of
chemicals in the body
called prostaglandins.
Prostaglandins are
produced in response to
injury or certain diseases
and would otherwise go
on to cause swelling,
inflammation and pain.
By blocking cyclooxygenase,
dexketoprofen prevents
the production of
prostaglandins and
therefore reduces
inflammation and pain.
Along with Peripheral
analgesic action it
possesses central
analgesic action
Proton pump inhibitor. Binds to
H+/K+ exchanging ATP in gastric
parietal cells resulting to blockage
of acid secretion
Controls cough by
depressing the medullary
cough center
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
class,Asthma or history
of asthma, Bleeding
disorders, Bleeding from
the stomach or intestines
know how this medicine affects

you and you are sure it won't
affect your performance
For erosive esophagitis, GERD
Hypersensitivity
Diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, upper

respiratory infection, vomiting, flatulence
Cough suppressant.
Patients at risk of
developing resp failure.
During an acute attack.
Patients receiving MAOI
or for 2 wk after
discontinuing them.
Persistent or chronic
cough.
Dependence on other
substances like alcohol
except in management
of acute withdrawal
reactions.Severe chronic
hypercapnia.
Dizziness, GI disturbances.
Facilitates the action of

GABA-A in the central
nervous system thereby
acts in preventing
spasticity.
Symptomatic relief of
anxiety, agitation and
tension, as adjunct in
organic neuropsychotic
states and reflex muscle
spasm due to local trauma.
Mild to moderate nausea,

vomiting, abdominal pain,
dyspepsia, flatulence,
diarrhoea, cramping;
angioedema, cholestatic
jaundice; dizziness, headache,
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
Diclofenac K
(Cataflam)
50~150mg /day
Nonsteroidal
Anti0inflammatory Drugs
Digoxin
(Lanoxin)
0.25mg/tab
Diltiazem HCl
Dilzem
90 mg/ tab OD
Digoxin is a cardiac
glycoside which has
positive inotropic activity
characterized by an
increase in the force of
myocardial contraction.
It also reduces the
conductivity of the heart
through the
atrioventricular (AV)
node. Digoxin also exerts
direct action on vascular
smooth muscle and
indirect effects mediated
primarily by the
autonomic nervous
system and an increase
in vagal activity.
Calcium antagonist
Inhibits movement of
calcium ions across cell
membrane in systemic
and coronary vascular
smooth muscle; slows
calcium ion movement
across cell membranes in
both cardiac muscle and
cardiac pacemaker cells,
decreasing sinoatrial and
atrioventricular
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Short term treatment of

post-traumatic & post op
pain & inflammation,
dysmenorrheal, migraine,
adnexitis
Adult: PO Heart failure;
Supraventricular
arrhythmias<>D> Rapid
digitalisation: Loading
dose: 0.75-1.5 mg in the
1st 24 hr. Slow
digitilisation: 250 mcg 1-2
times/day. Uusal
maintenance: 125-250
mcg/day. IV Emergency
heart failure For patients
who have not received
cardiac glycosides in the
previous 2 wk: 0.5-1 mg via
infusion as a single dose or
in divided doses.
Maintenance: Usually via
oral admin.
Management of Angina
pectoris & hypertension
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Known hypersensitivity
to diclofenac or other
NSAIDs, gastric or
intestinal ulcer
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
vertigo, somnolence; transient

elevations of liver enzyme
values.
Occasionally, GI disorder, HA,
dizziness, vertigo, rash,
elevation of serum
transaminase
Digitalis toxicity,
ventricular
tachycardia/fibrillation,
obstructive
cardiomyopathy.
Arrhythmias due to
accessory pathways (e.g.
Wolff-Parkinson-White
syndrome).
Extra beats, anorexia, nausea

and vomiting. Diarrhoea in
elderly, confusion, dizziness,
drowsiness, restlessness,
nervousness, agitation and
amnesia, visual disturbances,
gynaecomastia, local irritation
(IM/SC inj), rapid IV admin may
lead to vasocostriction and
transient hypertension.
Potentially Fatal: Cardiac
arrhythmias in combination
with heart block.
Sick sinus syndrome, 2nd

or 3rd degree AV block,
hypotension, pregnancy
acute MI
Peripheral edema, hypotension

bradycardia, angina, AV block,
abnormal ECG, arrhythmias;
CNS: dizziness,
lightheadedness, headache,
weakness, shakiness,
somnolence, asthenia; DERM:
dermatitis, photosensitivity,
petechiae, rash; GI: nausea,
vomiting, constipation,
abdominal discomfort, cramps,
dyspepsia, dry mouth.
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Diphenhydrami
ne
(Benadryl)
50mg/mL for
injection
Dobutamine
2.5-40
mcg/kg/min IV
infusion
Domperidone
(Motilium)
10mg, 1mg/ml
1tab TID
Dopamine
Low dose: 1-5

mcg/kg/min
Medium dose: 5-
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
conduction
H1 receptor antagonist /
Antihistamine
Competes with histamine
for H1-receptor sites on
effector cells in the
blood vessels, and
respiratory tract
Directly stimulates beta
1 receptors to increase
myocardial contractility
and stroke volume.
Decrease vascular
resistance, reduces
ventricular filing
pressure and facilitate
AV node conduction
Peripheral dopamine
receptor blocking
properties. It increase
esophageal peristalsis
and increase lower
esophageal sphincter
pressure, increase
gastric motility and
peristalsis and enhances
gastroduodenal
coordination, therefore,
facilitating gastric
emptying and decrease
small bowel transit time
Endogenous
catecholamine; acts on
both dopaminergic and
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
Allergic reaction; motion

sickness
condition like urticaria,
angioedema, rhinitis,
conjunctivitis, inpruritic
skin disorder
GIT ulceration or
inflammation
GI disturbances, bleeding,
drowsiness, dizziness
Inotropic support of the

myocardium for acute
congestive heart failure or
cardiogenic shock
Obstructive
cardiomyopathy
Dyspeptic symptom
complex associated with
delayed gastric emptying,
GERD, esophagitis eg
epigastric sense of fullness,
early satiety, feeling of
abdominal distention,
upper abdominal pain;
bloating, erucation,
flatulence; heartburn w/ or
w/o regurgitations of
gastric contents in the
mouth. Nausea & vomiting
of functional, organic,
infectious or dietetic origin
or induced by radio or drug
therapy
Hypotension, low cardiac
output, poor perfusion of
vital organs, used to
GI hemorrhage,
mechanical obstruction
or perforation; in
patients w/ prolactinreleasing pituitary tumor
(prolactinoma). Known
intolerance to the drug.
Rarely, increased prolactin

levels. GI disorders.
Very rarely, transient intestinal
cramps. Galactorrhea.
Gynecomastia. Amenorrhea.
Hypersensitivity to
dopamine,
pheochromocytoma,
Ventricular arrhythmia, atrial

fibrillation, ectopic beats,
tachycardia, angina pain,
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
15 mcg/kg/min
High dose: 20-50
mcg/kg/min
Dopamine HCl
40 drops per min
Doxofylline
(Ansinar)
400mg tablet
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
adrenergic neurons. Low
dose stimulates mainly
dopaminergic receptors,
produces renal and
mesenteric vasodilation.
Higher dose stimulates
both beta 1 and
dopaminergic receptors,
produces cardiac
stimulation and renal
vasodilation. Large dose
stimulates alphaadrenergic receptors.
A myocardial inotropic
agent which may
increase mesenteric and
renal blood flow plus
urinary output
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
increase mean arterial

pressure in septic shock
patients who remain
hypotensive after adequate
volume expansion.
ventricular
fibrillation/tachyarrhythm
ias
palpitation, cardiac conduction

abnormalities, widened QRS
complex, bradycardia,
hypotension, hypertension, and
vasoconstriction
Correction of hemodynamic
imbalances present in the
shock sndrome due to MI,
trauma, endotoxic
septicemia, open heart
surgery, renal failure &
chronic cardiac
decompensation as in CHF,
hypotension
Ventricular arrhythmia, ectopic

beats, tachycardia, anginal
pain, palpitation, cardiac
conduction abnormalities,
widened ORS complex,
bradycardia, hypotension, HTN
& vascoconstrition; dyspnea,
nausea, vomiting, azotemia,
headache, anxiety,
piloerection; gangrene of the
extremities.
Bronchodilator xathine
that differes from
theophylline for the
presence of a dioxolane
group in position.
Particularly effective in
both decreasing the daily
asthma attack rate as
Treatment of chronic
respiratory disease
Patients w/
pheochromocytoma,
presence of uncorrected
tachyarrthmias or
ventricular fibrillation.
Those w known allergy to
corn & corn products &
sulfite sensitivie
patients. IV soln may
cause fluid overloading
leading to dilution of
secrum electrolyte conc,
overhydration,
congested states of
pulmonary edema.
Excess administration of
K-free soln
Hypersensitivity to the
components
Patients with acute MI
and hypotension.
Occasionally nausea, vomiting,

cephalalgia (headache),
irritability, insomnia, palpitation
and tachycardia may occur.
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Doxorubicin
(Adriblastina,
Adrim, Axibin,
Caelyx,
Dactorubin,
Rubidox)
IV 60-75 mg/m2
as single dose at
21 day interval
Doxycycline
100mg/tab
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
well as the beta2-agonist
consumption.
Doxorubicin prevents
DNA replication. The
exact mechanism is still
being studied, but it may
be a "topoisomerase
inhibitor".
Topoisomerases are
enzymes that
temporarily cut one
strand of DNA during
replication to help
unwind the double helix..
Doxorubicin prevents the
topoisomerase from
reattaching the cut ends
inhibition of protein
synthesis, making them

bacteriostatic agents.
Doxycycline inhibits both
the 70S and the 80S unit
of bacterial and
mammalian ribosomes,
respectively, with more
sensitivity for the
former. They reversibly
bind to the smaller 30S
subunit of the 70S unit at
the A-site, preventing
the attachment of the
amino acyl tRNA. This
irreversible binding leads
to the termination of the
translation process
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Allergy to penicillin
Allergy to penicillin Secondary syphilis,
Anthrax
Anthrax;
Prophylaxis
Bacterial infectious
disease,
Chlamydial
infection
Cholera,
Epididymo-orchitis, acute
Gonorrhea, Uncomplicated
Granuloma inguinale
Prophylaxis
Nongonococcal urethritis ,
Pelvic inflammatory
disease
Postexposure;
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
Close observation is
required esp during
initial treatment. Monitor
cardiac function.
Myelosuppression &
immunosuppression.
Hepatic impairment,
obesity & extravasation
Cardiotoxicity. GI &
dermatologic disturbances.
Myelosuppression &
leucopenia. Dehydration &
facial flushing
Pregnancy,
breastfeeding and in
children less than 8
years of age
Dermatologic:
Photosensitivity
Gastrointestinal: Druginduced gastrointestinal
disturbance
Renal: Serum blood
urea nitrogen raised
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
Duxaril
Tab BID
Dydrogesterone
(Duphaston)
10mg/tab
Antihypoxic drug with

actions of almitrineraubasine: Increase in
the arterial partial
pressure of oxygen
(PaO2); Increase in the
arterial saturation of
oxygen (SaO2); Decrease
in the arterial
desaturation during
effort, a dynamic control
considered as one of the
best techniques currently
available to assess the
efficacy of an
antihypoxic molecule;
Increase of the blood
level of 2,3diphosphoglycerate, a
factor of oxygen
availability in the arterial
blood; Increase in the
metabolism of the
cerebral tissue as
demonstrated, during
the glucose test, by the
analysis of the cortical
active
Dydrogesterone is
characterised by
progestational and antioestrogenic activity. This
is demonstrated by its
ability to induce a
secretory transformation
in the endometrium of
immature or
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Treatment and Prophylaxis

Minor age-related
nurological disorders. Some
visual disorders related to
the circulation (hearing
loss, dizziness, buzzing
sounds in the ear).
Irregular duration of cycles

and irregular occurrence
and duration of periods
caused by progesterone
deficiency.
Combined with an
estrogenic substance,
Duphaston can be applied
in secondary amenorrhoea,
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
Avoid concurrent
adminstration of
almitrine-raubasine w/
MAOIs
Have been occasionally

reported during long-term
treatment: wt loss, peripheral
neuropathy should lead to
treatment withdrawl. Mild GI
disorders, sleep disturbances,
drowsiness, agitation, anxiety,
palpitation, dizziness
Duphaston should not be

given to patients with
undiagnosed vaginal
bleeding nor to those
with a history of
thromboembolic disorder
Breakthrough bleeding
(prevented by increasing the
dosage). Altered liver function
w/ asthenia or malaise,
jaundice & abdominal pain.
Allergic rash, pruritus, urticaria
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Enoxaparin
sodium
(Clexane)
Ensure
250kCal
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
ovariectomised animals
after they have been
primed with oestrogens
(cf. the Clauberg test).
The oral progestogenic
potency of
dydrogesterone is 20
times higher than that of
progesterone. The
progestational efficacy
and potency of
dydrogesterone was
confirmed by standard
test (i.e. delay of menses
and induction of
withdrawal bleeding).
The benefits of
oestrogen or other target
organs are not
compromised by
dydrogesterone
Causes higher anti-factor
Xa to antithrombin
activities (anti-factor IIa)
ration than heparin,
which may prevent
thrombosis
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
Use with caution in

patients prone to
not recommended to
in children who are
dehydrated
Derma: local eythema, Hema:

hemorrhage,
thrombocytopenia, anemia,
Other: local irritation and pain;
hematoma; nausea, confusion,
fever, edema, peripheral
edema
dysfunctional uterine
bleeding and postmenopausal complaints
where endogenous
progesterone deficiency is
implicated
Prophylaxis of venous
thromboembolitic disease.
Treatment of deep vein
thrombosis, unstable
angina and non-Q wave
myocardial infarction.
Patients requiring
supplementation,
convalescence, early or
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Epinephrine Hcl
1amp q3
Epoietin
50-100units/kg
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
An adrenergic agent that

has an excitatory action
on smooth muscles of
the blood vessels in the
skin and mucous
membranes, inhibitory
actions of smooth
muscles of the wall of
bronchial tree and the
blood vessels supplying
the skeletal muscles,
cardiac excitatory action
on the rate and force of
contraction, metabolic
actions on
glycogenolysis in the
liver and muscle,
modulating action on the
secretion of insulin,
rennin, pituitary
hormones and excitatory
CBS actions particularly
on respiration,
wakefulness and feeling
of satiety
Mimics effects of
erythropoietin which
functions as a growth
factor and as a
differentiating factor,
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
uncomplicated carcinoma,
coma, pre-op prep, post-op
care, bowel prep, moderate
protein-caloric malnutrition,
nutritional support of
chronically ill or elderly
patients
Cardiac stimulant in case of
collapse, shock & anesth
accidents. Hemostatic in
hemorrhages. Prolongs
action of infiltration anesth
agent. Urticaria.
Treatment of anemia
associated with renal
insufficiency or CRF
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
Cardiac arrhythmia,
tachycardia >140 bpm,
severe HTN, narrow
angle glaucoma, anesth
w/ halogenated
hydrocarbon f
cyclopropane, w/ local
anesth of finger or toe,
woman in labor, cardiac
dilation & coronary
insufficiency
Hypersensitivity
Hypertension, seizures,
arthralgia, asthenia, chest pain,
diarrhea, edema, headache,
nausea, vomiting, tachycardia
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
enhancing RBC
production
Synthetic erythropoeitin
needed for RBC
production
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
Epoetin
(Renogen)
4000 I.U./mL Vial
Treatment of anemia
associated with chronic
renal failure, HIV-infected
patients, cancer patients
on chemotherapy,
Reduction of allogenic
blood transfusion in
surgery patients
Hypersensitivity to
mammalian cell-derived
products
Hypersensitivity to
albumin (human)
Uncontrolled
hypertension
Ash, hives, itching

swelling of the face, throat,
tongue, lips, or eyes, wheezing,
difficulty breathing or
swallowing, hoarseness, lack of
energy, dizziness, fainting
Erceflora
Bacillus clausal
Susp: 2billion/5ml
Adult : 2~3
vials/day,
children :
1~2vials/day
Antidiarrheal
N/A
N/A
Ercefuryl
Nifuroxazide
Cap: 200mg
1cap QID
Susp: 220mg/5ml
5mlTID, 10ml
divide by 3/d
Antidiarrheal
N/A
N/A
Esomeprazole
(Nexium)
40 mg/tab OD
Children <12yrs lactation
Headache, abdominal
pain,diarrhea,flatulence,nausea
, and vomiting
Eterocoxib
(Arcoxia)
120mg/tab OD
Proton pump inhibitor

which suppresses gastric
acid secretion by
inhibition of the H+/K+
ATPase in the gastric
parietal cell
Inhibits prostaglanded
synthesis by decreasing
the activity of the
enzyme cyclooxygenase2 (COX-2), which results
in decreased formation
of prostaglandin
precursors.
Treatment of acute diarrhea

with duration of 14 days
due to infections, drugs or
poisons or for chronic or
persistent diarrhea with
duration of 14 days
Acute diarrhea; food
poisoning; salmonella
infections, bacillary
dysentery; tourist diarrhea
& its prophylaxis;
inflammatory colitis
For erosive reflux
esophagitis,symptomatic
Tx of GERD, upper GI
symptoms,assoc. with
NSAID therapy
For relief of acute or
chronic pain.
Advanced renal disease;

preexisting edema,
hypertension or heart
failure; liver dysfunction;
previous acute asthmatic
attacks, urticaria or
rhinitis precipitated by
salicylates or
nonselective COX
Asthenia/fatigue, dizziness,
lower extremity edema,
hypertension, dyspepsia,
heartburn, nausea, increased
ALT & AST
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Febuxostat
80 mg/ tablet
For hyperurecemia and

acute gouty attacks
Felodipine
5 mg/tab
OD
Treatment of chronic
hyperuricemia in
conditions where urate
deposition has already
occurred (including a
history or presence of
tophus and or gouty
arthritis
Dihydropiridine
derivative, calcium
antagonist; interfere with
voltage- dependent Ltype calcium channels in
membranes of smooth
muscle cells
Treatment of hypertension
and angina pectoris
Pregnancy, unstable
angina, significant aortic
Ferrous Sulfate
1 tablet/day
Replaces iron, found in

hemoglobin, myoglobin,
and other enzymes;
allows the transportation
of oxygen via
hemoglobin
Iron deficiency anemia
GI irritation & abdominal pain

w/ nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
or constipation.
Flenax forte
550mg / tab BID
Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs

( NSAIDs)
Flunarizine
(Sibelium)
Migraine
prophylaxis:
<65 yr 10 mg at
night, >65 yr 5
Relief of mild to moderately

sever pain & fever w/ or
w/o inflammation eg
musculoskeletal trauma,
post-op pain & post dental
extraction
Prophylaxis of classic or
common migraine.
Symptomatic treatment
of vestibular vertigo
Ferrous sulfate (or other

oral iron products) are
considered
contraindicated in
patients with
hemosiderosis,
hemochromotosis,
hemolytic anemias, or
known hypersensitivity
to any component of the
product.
Aspirin or other NSAIDs
induced asthma, rhinitis
or urticaria. Children
under 2 y/o
Patient with a history of
depressive illness;
preexisting symptoms of
parkinsons disease or
Frequent; Drowsiness and or

fatigue, wt gain, depression,
extrapyramidal symptoms.
inhibitors
Pregnancy and lactation.
Ischemic heart disease
or CHF. Acute gouty
attacks, xanthine
deposition, altered tyroid
function.
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
Liver function abnormalities,

diarrhea, headache, nausea
and rash
Abdominal discomfort,
epigastric distress, GI reaction,
peptic ulceration, HA, nausea,
peripheral edema
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Folart
(Folic Acid)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
mg at night.
Maintenance if
patient is
responding
satisfactorily
and if a
maintenance
treatment is
needed,
decrease dose
to 5 days
treatment at
the same daily
dose w/ 2
successive drug
free days every
week
Adult & childn >1
yr 5 mg daily for
4 mth.
Maintenance: 5
mg every 1-7
days depending
on underlying
disease. Childn up
to 1 yr 500
mcg/kg daily.
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
Megaloblastic anemia
secondary to vit B12
deficiency. Folic acid
administration may
produce hematologic
remission while
neurologic damage
progresses.
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
due to a diagnosed
functional disorder of
the vestibular system
other extrapyramidal
disorders. Driving or
operating machinery
Folic acid
(pteroylmonoglutamic acid)
in its reduced form of
tetrahydrofolate, serves as
an important mediator of
many reactions involving 1carbon transfers. Important
reactions involve the
conversion of
homocysteine to
methionine and of
deoxyuridylate to
thymidylate, an important
step in DNA synthesis. It is
also implicated in the
conversion of some amino
acids, and in the synthesis
and utilization of formate.
The deficiency of folic acid
can lead to megaloblastic
anemia, which develops
Folic acid is generally

tolerated. Rare cases of
gastrointestinal
disturbances have been
reported.
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
Prevention and treatment of

folate deficiency state; also
used in women of child-bearing
potential and pregnant women
to protect against neural tube
defects in their offspring. In
chronic hemolytic anemia,
exfoliative skin disease,
gingivitis, angular cheilitis,
alcoholism, anorectic cancer,
cervical dysplasia, elderly
patients, gout, cardiovascular
diseases, GI inflammation and
malabsorption
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
Fondaparinux
Na
(Arixtra)
2.5-7.5mg
Sythetic activated Factor

X inhibitor, that binds to
antithrombin III
Fucidin
ointment
Apply BID-TID for

7 days
Inhibit bacterial protein

synthesis; it does not
bind to the bacterial
ribosome but inhibits the
factor necessary for
translocation of peptide
subunits and elongation
of peptide chain;
Furosemide
(Fremid, Fretic,
Frusema,
Furoscan,
Fusimex, Lasix)
Initially 20-40 mg
IV/IM. If diuretic
effect is not
satisfactory, dose
may be increased
stepwise, at 2hrly interval by 20
mg each time
until satisfactory
diuresis is
obtained, the
dose should then
Furosemide primarily
inhibits sodium and
chloride absorption in
the thick ascending limb
of the loop of Henle
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
when dietary intake of folic

acid is inadequate eg, in
pregnancy, excessive
menstrual flow, and as a
result of the concurrent
administration of folate
antagonist and other drugs
which interfere with normal
folate metabolism.
Prevention of venous
thromboembolic events
undergoing major
orthopedic surgery of lower
limbs. Unstable angina,
NSTEMI, ACS, MI, refractory
ischemia
Skin infections caused by
Staph, Strep and other
fusidic acid-sensitive
microorganisms
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
Clinically significant
bleeding, acute bacterial
endocarditis
Anemia, bleeding, purpura,

edema
None
Hypotension, latent or
manifest diabetes
mellitus, gout,
obstruction of urinary
passages; hepatic
cirrhosis w/ concomitant
renal insufficiency;
hypoproteinaemia;
premature infant.
Pregnancy, lactation
Rarely hypersensitivity
Symptomatic hypotension,
dehydration,
hemoconcentration;
hypokalemia, hyponatremia,
metabolic acidosis; increase of
blood lipid levels, urea, uric
acid; reduced glucose
tolerance; hearing disorders,
tinnitus; pancreatitis, GI
symptoms; fever, vasculitis,
interstitial nephritis; hemolytic
or aplastic anemia,
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
be given once-bid
Furosemide
40mg, KCL
600mg
(Diumide K)
Adult: 1 tab daily
Gabapentin
300 mg/tab OD
Gatifloxacin
(Zymar)
1 drop every two

hours on the left
eye
Gentamycin
1~1.7mg/kg
every 8 hours
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Cardiac, pulmonary,
hepatic, renal and
peripheral edema of
various etiologies
Gabapentin is
structurally related to
the neurotransmitter
GABA but is neither a
GABA agonist nor
antagonist. Gabapentinbinding sites have been
identified throughout the
brain tissues e.g.
neocortex and
hippocampus. However,
the exact mechanism of
action is still unknown.
antibiotic of the fourthgeneration
fluoroquinolone family,
that like other members
of that family, inhibits
the bacterial enzymes
DNA gyrase and
topoisomerase IV
Aminoglycoside
Treatment of partial
seizures with or without
secondary generalization ,
neuropathic pain.
Adjunctive therapy in
patients unresponsive to or
intolerant of standard
anticonvulsant.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Hyperkalemia,
precomatose states
associated with liver
cirrhosis, addisonss
disease, concomitant
administration of Ksparing diuretics,
prostatic hypertrophy,
impairment of
micturition, latent
diabetes
Absence seizure.
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
leukocytopenia,
agranulocytosis,
thrombocytopenia
Allergic reaction,
hyperurecemia, bone marrow
depression
Somnolence, dizziness, ataxia,

fatigue, nystagmus, tremor,
diplopia, amblyopia,
pharyngitis, dysarthria,
paresthesia, arthralgia,
purpura, anxiety, UTI.
Treatment of bacterial
conjunctivitis caused by
susceptible strains of both
gm+ve & gm-ve
microorganisms.
Diabetes
Conjunctival irritation,
increased lacrimation, keratitis
& papillary conjunctivitis.
Bone & joint infection. CNS.

Burn & wound infection.
UTI. Acute & chronic
Hypersensitivity to
amynoglycosides
Nephritic (renal) effects,

dizziness, tinnitus, vertigo,
numbness, skin tingling,
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
Gliclazide
(Diamicron MR)
30 mg tab OD
Inhibiting ATP-sensitive
potassium channels in
pancreatic beta cells.
This inhibition causes
cell membrane
depolarization, which
causs voltage-dependent
calcium channels to
open, which causes an
increase in intracellular
calcium in the beta cell,
which stimulates insulin
release.
Gliclazide
(Diamicron)
60mg tablet
Sulfonylurea which
stimulates insulin
secretion by the
pancreas. Its action on
insulin secretion is
mainly due to the
restoration of the early
hase, resulting in a
physiological release of
insulin. This, gliclazide
restores glycemic control
throughout 24 hours. It
normalizes fasting and
postprandial blood sugar.
Glimepiride
1-4 mg daily
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
suppurative otitis media,

pneumonia, septicemia *
sinusitis
Type 2 Diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
muscle twitching, respiratory

depression, lethargy, confusion.
Type 1 diabetes,
ketoacidosis, diabetic
precoma, severe renal or
hepatic impairment,
Pregnancy, lactation. Coadminstration w/
miconazole
Hypoglycemic manifestations,
skin reactions, GI disorders
Non-insulin dependent
diabetes mellitus (Type 2)
Should not be used alone

in the type I diabetes;
diabetes complicated by
ketosis and acidosis;
pregnancy; diabetics
undergoing surgery,
after severe trauma or
during infection; patients
known to have
hypersensitivity to other
sulfonylureas and related
drugs.
Generally well tolerated.

Nausea, headache, rashes and
gastrointestinal disturbances
have been reported.
NIDDM (Type II). May be

used in combination w/
metformin & insulin.
IDDM (type I); diabetic

ketoacidosis; diabetic
precoma or coma.
Serious renal or hepatic
dysfunction; dialsis
patints.
Hypoglycemia. Temporary
visual impairment. GI
symptoms. Elevated liver
enzymes, impairment of liver
function, hepatitis, liver failure.
Thrombopenia, hemolytic
anemia, erythrocytopenia,
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Glipizide
(Minidiab)
5mg/tab OD
Godex DS
Carnitine
orotate 300mg
17-AA 25mg
Adenine HCL
5mg
Vit B6 50mg
Vit B2 1mg
Vit B12 250mcg
1 cap TID for the

the first 4-12
months
Hexetidine
(Bactidol)
gargle
Humulin 70/30
56 'u' SQ prebreakfast
28 'u' pre-dinner
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
Stimulates insulin
release from the
pancreatic beta cells,
reduces glucose output
from the liver; insulin
sensitivity is increased at
peripheral target sites.
Carnitine orotate have
synergistic effect for
solubility and absorption.
Orotic acid prohibits
necrosis of injured cells
by normalizing cell
proliferation process,
hepatic enzymatic
system and normal
hepatic function.
Vit B12 and adenine HCL
act synergistically for the
treatment of hepatic
disease.
disruption of bacterial
cell membrane.
Contains isophane
human insulin of
recombinant DNA origin.
It is an intermediatedacting preparation; onset
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adjunct to diet in patients

with Type 2 diabetes when
proper dietary
management alone has
failed
IDDM, keto-acidosis,
diabetic coma, gangrene,
severe trauma, infection
or febrile status
For treatment of acute and

chronic hepatitis, fatty
liver, liver cirrhosis, liver
intoxication by drug or
chemical substances,
mitochondrial dysfunctions
Hypersensitivity to any
of the components of
Godex DS. Severe renal
dysfunction (serum
creatinine >3 mg/100
mL).
Minor sore throat; halitosis;

general oral hygiene;
improves appearance of
mouth tissues; protects
tooth surfaces against
formation of decay acids.
Treatment of patients with
diabetes mellitus for the
control of hyperglycemia
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
leucopenia, agranulocytosis,
pancytopenia. Allergic or
pseudoallergic reactions
including shock, allergic
vasculitis. Hypersensitivity to
light. Decreased serum Na.
Leukopenia, agranulocytosis,
anemia,pancytopenia.
Gastrointestinal disturbances
eg, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
and abdominal cramps have
been reported after the daily
use of large doses of levocarnitine. Body odor has also
been noticed in some patients,
possibly due to the formation of
the metabolite trimethylamine.
Transient numbness &

alteration in taste may occur.
Protamine zinc and

isophane insulin, and
insulin zinc suspensions
should bever be given IV
and are not indicated for
Lypodystrophy, insulin
resistance and hypersensitivity
reactions have been associated
with insulin therapy, but the
incidence and severity of these
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Hydrocortisone
sodium
succinate
(Solu-cortef)
100mg IV every 8
hours
Hydroxyurea
(Hydab,
Krabinex,
Litalir)
Myeloproliferative
disorders 20-30
mg/kg daily. Acute
leukemia 50-75
mg/kg
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
of action is
approximately 1 hour,
with a duration of about
14 hours and peak
activity at 2-8 hours
Corticosteroids enter the
cell and bind to cytosolic
receptors that transport
the steoid into the
nucleus. The steroidreceptor complex alters
gene expression by
binding to glucocorticoid
response elements
(GREs) or
mineralocorticoidspecific elements.
Tissue-specific responses
to steroids are made
possible by the presence
in each tissue of different
protein regulators that
control the interaction
between the hormonereceptor complex and
particular response
elements
Cuases cell death by

specific inhibition of DNA
synthesis. This action
cuases regressions in
chronic myeloid
leukemia and other
malignancies and
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
hyperglycemic coma
unwanted effects is minimal

with monocomponent insulin.
Corticosteroids may
mask some signs of
infection, and new
infections may appear
during their use. There
may be decreased
resistance and inability
to localize infection when
corticosteroids are used.
Prolonged use of
corticosteroids may
produce posterior
subcapsular cataracts,
glaucoma with possible
damage to the optic
nerves, and may
enhance the
establishment of
secondary ocular
infections
Corticosteroids should be
used cautiously in
patients with ocular
herpes simplex for fear
of corneal perforation.
Sodium retention, fluid

retention, congestive heart
failure in susceptible patients,
potassium loss, hypokalemic
alkalosis, hypertension,
increased calcium excretion,
steroid myopathy. Increase in
alanine transaminase (ALT,
SGPT), aspartate transaminase
(AST, SGOT) and alkaline
phosphatase, these changes
are usually small, not
associated with any clinical
syndrome and are reversible
upon discontinuation
Monitor hematological
parameters during
treatment. Chickenpox or
herpes infection, active
infection or dental
disease, marked renal
dysfunction, gout or
Anemia, neutropenia,
leukopenia, thrombocytopenia;
burning, redness or pain at site
of radiation therapy; erythema,
maculopapular rash, sore
mouth or lips, skin rash; fever
or chills, cough or sore throat;
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
psoriasis. The S-phasespecifec action of
hydroxyrea can deplete
bone marrow precurso
cells associated with
megaloblastic changes
Reversible .blockade of
the actions of
cholinomimetics at
muscarinic receptors
Hyoscine-Nbutylbromide
(Buscopan)
10mg/tab,
20mg/amp
1~2 tab / amp IV
several times
Hydroxyzine Hcl
(Iterax)
10mg/tab
May be caused by
suppression of activity in
subcortical areas of CNS.
Ibuprofen
200mg cap :
1cap Q4~6hr
100mg/5ml susp:
5~15ml Q6~8hr
Itopride HCl
(Ganaton)
50 mg/tab
Inhibit the synthesis of

prostaglandins in the
CNS & peripherally
blocks pain impulse
generation; produces
antipyresis from
inhibition of
hypothalamic heartregulating center
Activates GI propulsive
motility due to its
dopamine D2
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
nephrolithiasis, patients
who have received
radiation or cytotoxic
therapy causing
myelosuppression
constipation or diarrhea;
stomatitis; difficulty in
micturition, nausea, vomiting,
low back pain, fatigue,
hyperuricemia
Acute GI, biliary &

genitourinary spasm,
including biliary & renal
colic. Parenterally also as
an aid in diagnostic &
therapeutic procedures eg
gastroduodenal endoscopy,
radiology
anxiety and tension
associated with
psychoneurosis; adjunct
therapy in organic disease
states with anxiety;
management of pruritus
caused by allergic
conditions; sedative before
and after general
anesthesia
Avoid driving and

operating machinery
after parenteral
administration
Xerostomia, tachycardia,
urinary retention, allergic
reactions, skin reactions
Precaution to pregnant
and lactating mothers.
CARDIOVASCULAR: Chest
tightness. CNS: Transitory
drowsiness; involuntary motor
activity, including tremor and
convulsions. GI: Dry mouth.
RESPIRATORY: Hypersensitivity
reactions (eg, wheezing,
shortness of breath).
Temporarily relief of minor

aches & pains due to
common cold, flu, sore
throat, headache,
toothache, muscular ache,
backache, minor pain of
arthritis, pain of menstrual
cramp, reduction of fever
Last trimester of
pregnancy, lactation
Special precaution :
severe allergic reaction
to aspirin
Allergic reaction, redness &

swelling in the painful area
Treatment of GI symptoms
of functional, non-ulcer
dyspepsia ie feeling of
Known hypersensitivity,
GI hemorrhage,
Leucopenia and
thrombocytopenia. Dizziness,
headache, tremors. Diarrhea,
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
antagonizing activity and
acetylcholinesterase
inhibitory activity.
Immuzinc
Zn sulfate
(syrup
55mg/5ml =
20mg)
Syrup 55mg/5ml,
5ml once a day
Pediatric mineral
Insulin
(Humulin R)
The dosage
should be
determined
according to the
individual
requirements of
the patient.
The time course of

action of any insulin may
vary considerably in
different individuals or at
different times in the
same individual. As with
all insulin preparations,
the duration of action of
Humulin is dependent on
dose, site of injection,
blood supply,
temperature and
physical activity.
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
abdominal bloatedness,
upper abdominal pain,
heartburn, nausea and
vomiting.
Help stimulate the
activities of many
enzymes, promoting
normal biochemical
reactions in the body.
Adequate daily zinc
supplementation helps
strengthen the immune
system. Supports normal
growth & development.
Also helps in the
management of acute
diarrhea in infants &
children
Treatment of patients
with diabetes mellitus for
the control of
hyperglycemia.
or perforation.
constipation, abdominal pain,

jaundice.
None
None
Protamine zinc and

isophane insulin, and
insulin zinc suspensions
should never be given IV
and are not indicated for
hyperglycemic coma.
Hypoglycemia.
Lipodystrophy, insulin
resistance and hypersensitivity
reactions have been associated
with insulin therapy, but the
incidence and severity of these
unwanted effects is minimal
with monocomponent insulin.
Common Problems of Diabetes:
Hypoglycemia (Insulin
Reaction): Hypoglycemia (too
little glucose in the blood) is
one of the most frequent
adverse events experienced by
insulin users. It can be brought
about by: Taking too much
insulin; missing or delaying
meals; exercising or working
more than usual; an infection or
illness (especially with diarrhea
or vomiting); a change in the
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
body's need for insulin;

diseases of the adrenal,
pituitary or thyroid gland, or
progression of kidney or liver
disease; interactions with other
drugs that lower blood glucose
eg, oral hypoglycemics,
salicylates (eg, aspirin), sulfa
antibiotics and certain
antidepressants; consumption
of alcoholic beverages.
Ipratropum
Bromide +
Salbutamol
(Combivent)
2.5ml vial
Antiasthmatic & COPD

preparation
Isoniazid
10-15mg/kg
Inhibits the formation of

mycolic acid, leading to
loss of integrity of the
bacterial cell wall
Isosorbide-5mononitrate
(Imdur)
325 mg/tab or 80
mg/tab
synthesis, resulting in
analgesia, antiinflammatory activity
and platelet aggregation
inhibition; reduces fever
by acting on the brains
heat-regulating canter to
promote vasodilation
and sweating
Management of revesible
bronchospasm associated
with obstructive airway
disease in patients who
require more than a single
bronchodilator
Prophylactic treatment of
angina pectoris. Treatment
of post-myocardial
infarction anginal attacks.
Hypertrophic obstructive
cardiomyopathy or
tachycarrhythmia.
History of
hypersensitivity to soya
lecithin or related food
products
Convylsive disorders,
history of psychosis,
hepatic or renal
impairment
Patients prone to
not recommended to
Fine tremor of skeletal muscle;

palpitations; headache,
dizziness, nervousness; dryness
of mouth, throat irritation;
urinary retention
Hepatic effects(asymptomatic
elevation of aminotransferase,
clinical & fatal hepatitis); CNS
effect (dysarthria, irritability,
seizures, dysphoria, inability to
concentrate); hypersensitivity
reaction; Hematologic effects;
GI effects
Gastric hemorrhage,
hypersensitivity and
thrombocytopenia may occur
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Isoxsuprine HCl
(Duvadilan)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
10mg/tab
Isoxsuprine HCl
(Isoxilan)
Itopride HCl
(Ganaton)
Ivabradine
50 mg/tab
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
a -adrenoceptor agonist
with selectivity of action
for the smooth muscles
of the blood vessels,
particularly the cerebral
vessels and the deeper
vessels of the limbs. In
higher doses, isoxsuprine
has a relaxant action on
the smooth muscles of
the uterus. Isoxsuprine
also has a beneficial
effect on blood viscosity.
Isoxsuprine, a adrenoceptor agonist, is
an orally and
perenterally active
peripheral vasodilator. It
has a strong relaxing
action on arteries and to
a certain extent, also on
cutaneous blood vessels.
In addition to this, it had
a direct relaxant effect
on the smooth muscle
tissue of the uteru
Treatment of circulatory
disorders & uterine
hypermotility.
Activates GI propulsive
motility due to its
dopamine D2
antagonizing activity and
acetylcholinesterase
inhibitory activity.
Treatment of GI symptoms
of functional, non-ulcer
dyspepsia ie feeling of
abdominal bloatedness,
upper abdominal pain,
heartburn, nausea and
vomiting.
Symptomatic treatment of
Is a pure heart rate
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
in children who are

dehydrated.
Recent arterial
hemorrhage, heart
disease, severe anemia
Recent arterial
hemorrhage, heart
disease, severe anemia.
Parenterally,
hypotension,
tachycardia, premature
rupture of membranes or
immediately post partum
Known hypersensitivity,
GI hemorrhage,
or perforation.
Hypersensitivity to said
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
Transient palpitations, fall in BP,

dizziness. Skin rash
After oral administration, side

effects are rare; palpitations,
chest pains, mild flushing,
dizziness, nausea, vomiting and
rash have been reported.
Parenteral administration can
result in tachycardia,
palpitations, hypotension,
dizziness and flushing which
can be controlled by dose
reduction and by supine
position of the patient and
reversed if necessary by
parenteral administration of
noradrenaline.
Leucopenia and
thrombocytopenia. Dizziness,
headache, tremors. Diarrhea,
jaundice.
Luminous phenomena, blurred
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Ivabradine
(Coralan)
Kalium
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Usual
recommended
initial dose: 5 mg
bid. Increase if
necessary to 7.5
mg bid after 3-4
weeks. Titrate
downward to 2.55 mg bid if
patient
develops bradyca
rdia symptoms
(e.g. dizziness,
fatigue) or resting
heart rate is
persistently <50
beats/min).
Elderly: 75 yr
old: Initiate
treatment at 2.5
mg bid. Titrate up
if necessary.
Renal
impairment: Cau
tion in patients
with CrCl <15
ml/min.
750 mg durule
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
lowering agent acting by
selective and specific
inhibition of the cardiac
pacemaker.
Ivabradine is a heart rate
lowering agent that
works through selective
and specific inhibition of
the cardiac
pacemaker If current. If c
urrent controls the
spontaneous diastolic
depolarisation in the
sinus node and regulate
heart rate.
Needed for adequate

transmission of nerve
impulses and cardiac
contraction, renal
function, intracellular ion
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
chronic stable angina

pectoris in patients with
normal sinus rhythm who
have contraindication or
intolerance to beta
blockers.
Chronic stable angina
pectoris in coronary
artery disease patients
with normal sinus
rhythm
drug and heart rate of

<60 bpm, cardiogenic
shock, severe
hypotension, renal
insufficiency
vision, palpitations, nausea,

constipation, headache.
Pregnancy, lactation,
resting heart rate <60
beats/min prior to
treatment, cardiogenic
shock, acute myocardial
infarction, severe
hypotension (<90/50
mmHg), severe hepatic
insufficiency, sick sinus
syndrome, sino-atrial
block, heart failure
patients with NYHA class
III-IV, pacemaker
dependent, unstable
angina, 3rd degree AVblock, concurrent use
with potent CYP3A4
inhibitors.
Luminous phenomena
(phosphena), blurred vision,
bradycardia, 1st degree AVblock, ventricular extrasystole,
supraventricular extrasystoles,
palpitations, headache,
dizziness, nausea, constipation,
diarrhoea, vertigo, dyspnoea,
muscle cramps,
hyperuricaemia, eosinophilia,
elevated blood-creatinine.
Hypokalemia, prophylaxis
during treatment with
diuretics
Renal insufficiency,
hyperkalemia, untreated
Addisons disease,
constriction of the
esophagus &/or
Hyperkalemia.
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Ketoprofen
(Orudis)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
maintenance
100-300 mg IV
daily for a max of
48 hrs
30 mg IV TID
Analgesic
Lactulose
(Duphalac)
3.3g/5ml
Starting
Adult : 15~45ml
Child :5~15ml
Maintenance
Adult : 10~25ml
Child :5~20ml
Laxative; the fecal bulk

is increased and
softened and peristalsis
is stimulated, by which
normal bowel action is
restored. Lactulose does
not irritate gut mucosa
Lansoprazole
Peptic ulcer
Adult: 30 mg
once daily in the
morning given for
4 wk (duodenal
ulcer) or for 8 wk
(gastric ulcer).
Hypersecretory
conditions
Adult: Initially,
60 mg daily and
adjust as
required. Daily
doses >120 mg
should be given in
Ketorolac
trometamol
(Toradol)
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
obstructive changes in
the GIT.
Renal impairment
Analgesic, can also

replace morphine in
situations involving mild
to moderate pot op pain
Constipation associated
with ped problems, postop; pregnancy & postnatal
period; bedridden &
geriatric patients; surgical
procedures; painful rectal &
anal conditions; laxative
dependence; barium x-ray
investigation; drug-induced
constipation
Peptic ulcer
Hypersecretory conditions
Acid-related dyspepsia
Gastro-oesophageal
reflux disease
NSAID-associated
ulceration
Prophylaxis of NSAIDinduced ulcers
H.pylori infection
Erosive oesophagitis
Special Precautions: in
patients with impaired
renal function. History of
GIT disease,
anaphylactoid reactions,
elderly, coagulation
disorders. Avoid driving
and operating machinery
Galactosemia, bowel
obstruction,
hypersensitivity
Special concerns in
lactose intolerance
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
GI disorders, headache,
drowsiness, dizziness, edema,
bullous dermatoses
GI reactions, nausea,
dyspepsia, drowsiness,
headache, sweating edema,
bradycardia, palpitation,
hypotension, chest pain
Initial dosing may produce

flatulence and meteorism,
which are usually transient and
disappear under continued
therapy
Diarrhea
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
2 divided doses.
Acid-related
dyspepsia
Adult: 15-30 mg
once daily in the
morning for 2-4
wk.
Gastrooesophageal
reflux disease
Adult: 30 mg
once daily in the
morning for 4-8
wk. Maintenance:
15-30 mg once
daily according to
response.
NSAIDassociated
ulceration
Adult: 15-30 mg
daily for 4-8 wk.
Prophylaxis of
NSAID-induced
ulcers
Adult: 15-30 mg
daily for 4-8 wk.l
H.pylori infectio
n
Adult: 1-wk triple
therapy: 30 mg
bid combined
with
clarithromycin
500 mg bid and
either amoxicillin
1 g bid or
metronidazole
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Levetiracetam
(Keppra)
Levocetirizine
and
Montelukast
(Co-altria)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
400 mg bid.
Erosive
oesophagitis
Adult: 30 mg
over 30 minutes
daily for up to 7
days
500-1500mg BID
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
q HS
Montelukast: The
cysteinyl leukotrienes
(LTC4, LTD4 and LTE4)
are potent inflammatory
eicosanoids released
from various cells
including mast cells and
eosinophils. These
important mediators
bind to cysteinyl
leukotriene receptors.
Cysteinyl leukotrienes
have been correlated
with the pathophysiology
of asthma and allergic
rhinitis. In asthma,
leukotriene-mediated
effects include
bronchoconstriction,
mucous secretion,
vascular permeability
and eosinophil
recruitment. In allergic
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
Adjunctive therapy in the

treatment of partial onset
seizures w/ or w/out
secondary generalization in
adults and children from
4yrs of age w/ epilepsy
Hypersensitivity.
Relief of symptoms
associated with seasonal
and perennial allergic
rhinitis.
Patients with a known

hypersensitivity to
montelukast or
levocetirizine, severe
renal (CrCl <10 mL/min)
or hepatic impairment,
children 6-11 years with
renal impairment.
Asthenia, somnolence.
Amnesia, ataxia, convulsion,
dizziness, headache,
hyperkinesia, tremor, agitation,
depression, emotional lability,
hostility, insomnia,
nervousness, personality and
mental disorders
Dyspepsia, Dizziness, Nasal
congestion, Rash, Somnolence,
Dry mouth, fatigue, agitation,
convulsion
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Levofloxacin
250mg, 500mg
tablets, 5mg/ml x
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
rhinitis, cysteinyl
leukotrienes are released
from the nasal mucosa
after allergen exposure
during both early- and
late-phase reactions and
are associated with
symptoms of allergic
rhinitis. Intranasal
challenge with cysteinyl
leukotrienes has been
shown to increase nasal
airway resistance and
symptoms of nasal
obstruction. Montelukast
is an orally active
compound which binds
with high affinity and
selectivity to the
cysteinyl leukotriene
type 1 receptor thereby
preventing cysteinyl
leukotrienes from
exerting their effects.
Levocetirizine: The
active enantiomer of
cetirizine is an
antihistamine. Its
principal effects are
mediated via selective
inhibition of H1 receptors.
The antihistamine
activity of levocetirizine
has been documented in
a variety of animal and
human models
Semi-synthetic
antibacterial agent that
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
Treatment of CAP, acute

bacterial exacerbation of
Age<19 y/o,
hypersensitivity,
Diarrhea, nausea, anorexia,

stomatitis, insomnia, headache
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
100 ml
Linagliptin
(Trajenta)
5 mg once daily.
Loperamide
(Diatabs,
Imodium)
2mg/cap,
2cap followed by
1cap after
unformed stool
Loratadine
Adult: syrup
5mg/5ml
Tablet 10mg
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
inhibits bacterial DNA
gyrase, necessary for
supercoiling of the DNA,
thereby preventing DNA
replication in susceptible
bacteria
Linagliptin is an inhibitor
of the enzyme DPP-4 (EC
3.4.14.5), an enzyme
which is involved in the
inactivation of the
incretin hormones
glucagon-like peptide-1
(GLP-1) and glucosedependent insulinotropic
polypeptide (GIP).
Directly acts on intestinal
muscles to inhibit
peristalsis and prolongs
transit time enhancing
fluid & electrolyte
movement through
intestinal mucosa;
reduces fecal volume,
increase viscosity &
diminishes fluid and
electrolyte loss;
demonstrates
antisecretory activity;
exhibits peripheral action
Long-acting tricyclic
antihistamine with
selective peripheral
histamine h1-receptor
antagonistic activity
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
chronic bronchitis, acute

maxillary sinusitis, UTI.
pregnancy and lactation.
& dizziness. Joint pai, pruritus,

eczema, increased liver
enzymes, phlebitis.
For type II DM
to improve glycemic control
in conjunction with diet and
exercise, or as add-on to
metformin, sulfonylureas,
thiazolidinediones, insulin
(with or without metformin
and/or pioglitazone and/or
sulfonylurea) or metformin
plus sulfonylureas.
Anti-diarrheal
Symptomatic control of
acute & chronic diarrhea,
ileostomy
Hypersensitivity to
linagliptin or any of the
excipients of Trajenta.
Trajenta should not be
used in patients with
type 1 diabetes or for the
treatment of diabetic
ketoacidosis.
Hypoglycemia
Constipation, acute
ulcerative,
pseudomembranous
colitis, acute dysentery
Constipation, nausea, vomiting,

tiredness, drowsiness or
dizziness, dry mouth
Perennial and seasonal

allergic and vasomotor
rhinitis, relief of
sympotoms from colds,
angioedema, anaphylactic
reactions, pruritus, allergic
conjunctivitis, chronic
idiopathic urticarial
Hypersensitivity, hepatic
and renal impairment
Headache, somnolence,
fatigue, nervousness, dry
mouth, hyperkinesia,
conjunctivitis, drowsiness
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Losartan
(Cozaar)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
50mg/tab
100mg/tab
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
Losartan is a selective,
competitive Angiotensin
II receptor type 1 (AT1)
receptor antagonist,
reducing the end organ
responses to angiotensin
II. Losartan
administration results in
a decrease in total
peripheral resistance
(afterload) and cardiac
venous return (preload)
All of the physiological
effects of angiotensin II,
including stimulation of
release of aldosterone,
are antagonized in the
presence of losartan
Antacids, antireflux &
antiulcerants agents
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
HTN. Reduction in the risk

of CV morbidity & mortality
in hypertensive patients w/
left ventricular hypertrophy.
Renal protection in type 2
diabetic patients w/
proteinuria. Hypertensive
pediatric >1 mth-16 yr.
Childn w/ GFR <30

mL/min/1.73 m2, hepatic
impairment. Neonates.
Dizziness, dose-related
orthostatic effects, rash,
asthenia/fatigue, vertigo,
hypotension & hyperkalemia,
hypersensitivity, GI, CV,
hematologic, musculoskeletal,
nervous, psychiatric, resp &
dermatologic effects; vomiting,
dysgeusia & erythroderma.
Maalox
Al(OH)3 200mg,
Mg(OH)2 200mg
Mannitol
Chewtab 2~4
Susp 2~4tsp
QID
150cc/TSS
hyperacidity
Severe debilitation,
kidney failure
Rarely, GI disturbance
Increases the osmotic

pressure of glomerular
filtrate, which inhibits
tubular reabsorption of
water and electrolytes
and increases urinary
output.
Promotion of diuresis in the

prevention or treatment of
oliguric phase of acute
renal failure before
irreversible renal failure
becomes establish,
reduction of intracranial
pressure or brain mass
Severe impairment of
renal function, excessive
loss of electrolyte,
osmotic nephrosis,
Pulmonary congestion, fluid

electrolyte imbalance, acidosis,
electrolyte loss, dryness of
mouth, thrist, marked dieresis,
urinary
retention, edema,
headache,blurred vision,
convulsion, nausea
Mebendazole
100mg/tab
None
Inhibits glucose uptake,

degenerative of
cytoplasmic microtubules
in the cell; interferes with
absorption, secretory
function
Pain, headache, muscular
and traumatic pain, dental
none
Enterobiasis, ascariasis,
hookworm infections,
trichomoniasis, roundworm
Mefenamic acid
500 mg/cap P.O
GIT ulceration or
inflammation
GI disturbances, bleeding,
drowsiness, dizziness
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Meloxicam
15mg/tab OD
Memantine HCl
(Zimerz)
5-20mg
Menadione
10mg/tab q8
Meperidine
(Demerol)
50 to 150 mg
every three hours
Meropenem
500mg IV q6
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
the activity of the
enzyme,
cyclooxygenase, which
results in decrease
formation of the
protaglandin precursor
Selective COX-2 inhibitor,
thus, preventing
prostaglandin synthesis
and inflammation
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Antagonist action of CNS

NMDA receptorsthat may
contribute to the
symptoms of Alzheimers
disease
Menadione is a synthetic
lipid-soluble vitamin K
analogue. It is an
essential cofactor in the
hepatic synthesis of
prothrombin (factor II)
and other blood clotting
factors (factors VII, IX, X
and proteins C and S),
and in the function of
proteins important for
bone development (e.g.
osteocalcin).
acting as an agonist at
the -opioid receptor.
it has local anesthetic
activity related to its
interactions with sodium
ion channels.
Is a carbapenem
Moderate to severe
Alzheimers disease
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
pain, post-op & post

partum pain,
dysmenorrhea
Management of RA, acute

exacerbation of OA and
ankylosing spondylitis.
Cross sensitivity to
Aspirin and other
NSAIDs, history of
stroke, heart attack,
uncontrolled
hypertension,
pregnancy
Hypersensitivity
Prevention and control of

minor to severe
hemorrhagic disorder,
menorrhagia, & pre-& postop procedures. Prophylaxis
and treatment of neonatal
hemorrhage.
for the treatment of

moderate to severe pain
Pneumonias, UTI, pelvic
Gastrointestinal toxicity and

bleeding, tinnitus, blinding
headaches, rash, very dark or
black stool (sign of intestinal
bleeding)
Hallucination, confusion,
dizziness, headache, tiredness
Hemolytic anemia,
hyperbilirubinemia & kernicterus
in newborns especially in
premature babies.
in patients who are

receiving monoamine
oxidase (MAO) inhibitors
or those who have
recently received such
agents
Hypersensitivity to
constipation, dry mouth,

lightheadedness, twitchiness,
muscular twitches, and nausea
Allergic reactions, inflammation
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
(Meronem)
Metformin HCl
500mg/tab BID
Methylergometr
ine hydrogen
maleate
(Methergin)
125~250mg
orally TID
Methylergonovi
ne
(Syntocinon)
Methylprednisol
40 mg/tab
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
antibiotic for parenteral
use that is relatively
stable to human
dehydropeptidase-1.
Decreases hepatic
glucose production,
decreasing intestinal
absorption of glucose
and improves insulin
sensitivity
Similar smooth muscle
actions as seen with
ergotamine; however,
affects primarily uterine
smooth muscle
producing sustained
contractions and thereby
shorten the third stage
of labor
Produces rhythmic
uterine contractions and
can stimulate the gravid
uterus; has vasopressive
and antidiuretic effects;
can control postpartum
bleeding or hemorrhage
by increasing
postpartum myometrial
tonus
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
inflammatory disease, skin

infections, septicemia
meropenem
of injection site
Type II diabetes mellitus as

monotherapy or in
combination with other oral
antidiabetics.
CHF, impaired hepatic

or renal function,
diabetes complicated by
acidosis, infection or
gangrene.
GI symptoms: diarrhea, nausea,

vomiting, abdominal bleeding,
flatulence, anorexia
Completion of 3rd stage

labor. Uterine
atony/hemorrhage
Abnormal presentation,
before delivery of child
is completed & in
multiple birth not before
the last child has bee
delivered.
Headache, HTN, skin eruptions,

abdominal pain
xerostomia, tachycardia, urinary

retention, allergic reactions, skin
reactions
Is a synthetic steroid
In some cases, include
Documented
hypersensitivity;
pregnant patients with
severe toxemia,
unfavorable fetal
positions, and a
contracting uterus with
hypertonic or
hyperactive patterns;
labor in which vaginal
delivery should be
avoided, such as
invasive cervical
carcinoma, cord
presentation or
prolapse, active herpes
genitalis, total placenta
previa, and vasa previa
Gastric and duodenal
Gastric and duodenal ulceration
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
one
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
which is easily absorbed
from the GIT. It has an
antiallergenic, antitoxic,
antipyretic and
immunosuppressive
properties.
Methotrexate
(Biomedis
Methotrexate
soln, Emthexate
vial, Methobax
vial, Pfizer
Methotrexate
vial)
Induction 3.3
mg/m2 w/
prednisolone 60
mg/m2 daily.
Maintenance
therapy 30
mg/m2 IM twice
wkly or 2.5 mg/kg
IV every 14 days
Inhibits dihydrofolic acid

reductase and therefore
interferes with DNA
synthesis and cell
replication. Actively
multiplying cells such as
malignant cells, bone
marrow, foetal cells,
buccal and intestinal
mucosa and cells in
urinary bladder are more
sensitive. In patients
with rheumatoid arthritis,
mehtotrexate reduces
joint swelling and
tenderness
Metoclopramide
HCl
(Reglan, Plasil)
10mg/tab,
5mg/5ml susp.
10-15mg QID, 30
minutes before
food intak IV, Tab,
Syrup
Metoclopramide
stimulates motility of the
upper GIT without
stimulating gastric,
biliary or pancreatic
secretions. Its mode of
action is unclear. It
seems to sensitize
tissues to the action of
acetylcholine. The effect
of metoclopramide on
motility is not dependent
on intact vagal
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
pericarditis, idiopathic,
postmyocardial infarction.
ulcers. Systemic fungal

infections. Glaucoma.
Hypersensitivity to
glucocorticoids.
with prolonged use.
Preexisting liver
damage or impaired
hepatic function.
Malignant disease w/
preexisting bone
marrow aplasia,
leucopenia,
thrombocytopenia or
anaemia. Infection,
peptic ulcer, ulcerative
colitis, debility &
extreme youth & old
age. Monitor renal
function & serum levels
when giving high dose;
give Ca folinate,
hydration & urine
alkalinisation
GI hemorrhage,
or perforation,
pheochromocytoma,
epileptics
Dermatological &
hypersensitivity reactions. Bone
marrow depression, leucopenia,
neutropenia, thrombocytopenia,
decreased serum albumin,
anemia, pancytopenia,
hypogammaglobulinemia.
Mucositis, anorexia, nausea,
vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal
distress, hematemesis, melena,
Renal failure, azotemia, cystitis,
hematuria, urogenital or
menstrual dysfunction
Antiemetic, prokinetic
agent
Disturbances of GI motility
including GERD & diabetic
gastroparesis. Nausea &
vomiting of central &
peripheral origin associated
with surgery, metabolic
disease, infectious disease,
migraine headache or
drugs including cancer
chemotherapy. Facilitate
small bowel intubation &
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
In approximately 10%
restlessness, drowsiness, fatigue
and lassitude. Less frequently,
insomnia, headache, dizziness,
nausea or bowel disturbances
may occur
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Metoprolol
(Neobloc)
Metronidazole
500mg every 8
hours
IV, Oral
Metronidazole
500 mg,
nystatin
1 vag supp before

retiring for 7-10
days
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
innervation, but it can be
abolished by
anticholinesterase.
Blocks dopamine and
serotonin in the CTZ of
the CNS, which is
responsible for its
antiemetic action. Also
increases LES tone
The -blocking activity
primarily affects the
cardiovascular system
(decreases heart rate,
decreases contractility,
decreases BP) and lungs
(promotes
bronchospasm)
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
A direct acting
trichomonacide and
amebecide that works at
both intestinal and
extraintestinal sites.
Thought to enter the
cells of microorganisms
that contain
nitroreductase. Unstable
compounds are then
formed that bind to DNA
and inhibit synthesis,
causing cell death
Metronidazole is
converted to reduction
products that interact
Amoebiasis, giardiasis,
urethritis & vaginitis due to
trichomonas, aerobic
infection
Hypersensitive to the
drug or other
nitroimidazole
derivatives and in
patients in 1st trimester
of pregnancy
Mixed infectious vaginitis,

trichomonal vaginitis,
monilial vaginitis, other
Digitalis toxicity,
ventricular
tachycardia/fibrillation,
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
radiological procedure of
GIT
Lactation: excreted in
breast milk; Children:
safety and efficacy not
established;
Anaphylaxis: Deaths
have occurred;
aggressive therapy may
be required; AV block,
slows AV conduction
and may cause heart
block; Bradycardia
CV: hypotension, edema,

flushing; bradycardia; CNS:
headache, fatigue, dizziness,
depression, lethargy,
drowsiness, forgetfulness;
sleepiness; vertigo, paresthesia;
DERM: rash, facial erythema;
alopecia, urticaria, pruritus;
EENT: dry eyes, visual
disturbances; GI: Nausea,
vomiting, diarrhea; GU:
impotence, urinary retention,
difficulty with urination
vertigo, headache, ataxia,
dizziness,syncope, confusion,
irritability,weakness, depression
Local irritation
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
100,000 IU.
(Flagystatin)
MgSO4
4grams, slow IV
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
with DNA to cause
destruction of helical
DNA structure and strand
leading to a protein
synthesis inhibition and
cell death in susceptible
organisms. It is effective
against a wide range of
organisms including E.
histolytica, T. vaginalis,
Giardia, anaerobes e.g.
Bacterioides sp,
Fusobacterium sp,
Clostridium sp,
Peptococcus sp and
Peptostreptococcus sp,
and moderately active
against Gardnerella sp
and Campylobacter sp
Nystatin, a polyene
antifungal, binds to
ergosterol in the fungal
cell membrane. This
binding affects the cell
wall permeability
allowing leakage of
cellular contents.
Magnesium prevents or
controls convulsions by
blocking neuromuscular
transmission and
decreasing the amount
of acetylcholine liberated
at the end plate by the
motor nerve impulse.
Magnesium is said to
have a depressant effect
on the CNS, but it does
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
fungal infections.
obstructive
cardiomyopathy.
Arrhythmias due to
accessory pathways
(e.g. Wolff-ParkinsonWhite syndrome).
For eclampsia or
preeclampsia; For
replacement therapy in
magnesium deficiency,
especially in acute
hypomagnesemia
accompanied by signs of
tetany similar to those
observed in hypocalcemia
I.V. magnesium should

not be given to mothers
with toxemia of
pregnancy during the 2
hours preceding
delivery.
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
The adverse effects of

parenterally administered
magnesium usually are the
result of magnesium
intoxication. These include
flushing, sweating, hypotension,
depressed reflexes, flaccid
paralysis, hypothermia,
circulatory collapse, cardiac and
CNS depression proceeding to
respiratory paralysis.
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Midazolam
(Dormicum)
Montelukast
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
tablet initially
then tablet
every 2 hours
prior to operation
10mg PO
qEvening (use
10mg tablet)
Morphine
sulfate
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
not adversely affect the
mother, fetus or neonate
when used as directed in
eclampsia or preeclampsia.
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Hypocalcemia, with signs of

tetany secondary to magnesium
sulfate therapy for eclampsia,
has been reported.
Acute narrow angle
glaucoma, premature
infants
Sedation, hypnosis, anesthesia,

anticonvulsant, muscle relaxant
Headache, abdominal pain,
asthenia, bronchitis, cough,
dental pain, diarrhea, dizziness
Abdominal pain, anorexia,
nausea, vomiting, confusion,
headache.
Blocks binding of
leukotriene D4 to its
receptor
Analgesic and for
sedation
Asthma maintenance, EIB,

Allergic or perennial rhinitis
Hypersensitivity
Prolonged relief of
Inhibits DNA gyrase and

Topoisomerase IV. This
results in inhibition of
DNA replication and
translation, DNA repair,
recombination and
transposition, which
causes bacterial cell
death
Antibiotic / Quinolone
Patients with known

hypersensitivity to the
drug, with respiratory
depression, patients with
paralytic ileus
Caution for use with
other QTc prolonging
drugs and
corticosteroids. May
aggravate myasthenia
gravis
Moxifloxacin
(Avelox)
400mg / tab once

a day
Moxifloxacin
HCl
(Vigamox)
1 drop tid for 4

days.
Mupirocin
ointment
Apply up to TID
for 10 days
Interferes with bacterial

protein synthesis
Myrin
(Ethambutol
HCl, Rifampicin,
300/150/75 mg
tab once a day
Oral chemotherapeutic
agent which is specially
effective against actively
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
Treatment of
bacterial conjunctivitis.
Hypersensitivity to
moxifloxacin or to other
quinolones.
Primary and secondary

skin infections including
methicillin-resistant strains
Hypersensitivity
Dizziness (3%) Nausea (7%)

Diarrhea (6%)
Transient ocular discomfort,

burning & stinging. Ocular pain,
pruritus & hyperemia.
Headache, keratitis, pharyngitis
& subconjunctival hemorrhage.
Burning sensation, stinging,
itching, cutaneous sensitization
reactions
Ethambutol may produce
decrease in visual acuity which
appear to be due to optic
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Isoniazid)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
growing microorganisms
of the genus
Mycobacterium
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
neuritis and to be related to

dose and duration of treatment.
The effects are generally
reversible when administration
of the drug is discontinued
promptly.
Isoniazid: peripheral
neuropathy is the most
common toxic effect. It is doserelated, occurs most often in
the malnourished and in those
predisposed to neuritis, and is
usually preceded by
paresthesias of the feet and
hand. Pyridoxine has been used
successfully for prophylaxis and
treatment of isoniazid induced
peripheral neuritis. Severe and
sometimes fatal hepatitis
associated with isoniazid
therapy may occur and may
develop even after many
months of treatment. The risk
of developing hepatitis is agerelated and is increased with
daily consumption of alcohol.
Urinary disturbance in the
male, constipation and dryness
of the mouth have been
reported.
Rifampicin: GI disturbances,
headache, drowsiness, fatigue,
menstrual disturbances, ataxia,
dizziness, fatigue, metal
disturbances. Chronic liver
disease, alcoholism and old age
appear to increase the
incidence of severe hepatic
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Nalbuphine
(Nubain)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
5 mg IM 0.15-0.2
mg/kg BW
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Binds to opiate receptors

in the CNS. Alters the
perception of and
response to painful
stimuli, while producing
generalized CNS
depression. Decrease in
moderate and severe
pain
the activity of the
enzyme cyclooxygenase,
which results in
decreased formation of
prostaglandin precursors
Opioid Analgesic
Impaired renal or hepatic

function, biliary tract
surgery, impaired
respiration, MI, labour
and delivery
For the relief of signs and

symptoms of rheumatoid
arthritis, osteoarthritis,
ankylosing spondylitis,
juvenile arthritis
Apirin intolerance,
advanced renal failure,
active peptic ulcer
Tab : 1 tab BID

Syrup :1.25~5ml
TID
Drops : 0.5~1ml
TID
Cough & cold

preparations
Allergic & vasomotor or

other hyperactive nasal
disorders & acute coryza.
Relief of nasal congestion &
hypersecretion in infants &
children up to 12yr
HTN, coronary disease.

Concurrent use or use
w/in 2weeks of MAOIs.
Brain damage or
epilepsy. Premature
infants or neonates.
5mg/day PO
Competitive and
selective beta 1-receptor
antagonist; has little or
no effect on beta 2
receptors at doses
<10mg; possesses mild
vasodilating properties;
reduces systemic
Hypertension
Hypersensitivity, severe
hepatic impairment,
cardiogenic shock,
uncontrolled heart
failure, bradycardia,
hypotension, COPD
Naproxen Na
(Flanax Forte)
Nasatapp
(Tab/syrup/drop
):
Bromphenirami
ne Maleate
12/4/2mg,
Phenylpropanol
amine HCL
15/12.5/6.25mg
Nebivolol
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
problems when rifampicin is

given alone or concurrently
with isoniazid
Sedation, infrequently
sweating, GI upsets, vertigo,
dizziness, dry mouth,
headache, allergic reactions
Rash, ringing in the ears,

headaches, dizziness,
drowsiness, abdominal pain,
nausea, diarrhea, constipation,
heartburn, fluid retention,
shortness of breath, stomach
and intestinal bleeding and
ulcers, black tarry stools,
weakness,
Severe HTN, drowsiness,
lassitude, nausea, giddiness,
dry mouth, mydriasis,
increased irritability &
excitement
Headache, fatigue, dizziness,

diarrhea, nausea, insomnia,
peripheral edema, weakness
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Nicardipine HCl
(Cardepine)
Oral: 20,30 mg
Parenteral: 2.5
mg/mL
Nifedipine
(Adalat,
Calibloc,
Calchek,
Nelapine,
Nifelan)
10mg TID or
30mg OD
(Extended release
tablets) max 120180mg/day
Nitroglycerine
Norgesic tab
Orphenadrine
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
vascular resistance
Potent peripheral
vasodilator. Little
depression of nodes.
Causes reflex increase in
heart rate and output
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
Hypertensive emergencies
or urgencies, periop &
post-op HTN, hypertensive
states of NPO patients
Peripheral edema; dizziness,

nausea, transient hypotension,
MI, reflex tachycardia,
pulmonary edema, fewer
myocardial infarctions, more
palpitations
Inhibits calcium ion from

passing through slow
channels on voltage
sensitive areas of both
smooth muscle and
myocardium, causing
coronary vasodilation,
stabilizes cell
membranes. Increases
myocardial oxygen
sypply
All forms of HTN; HTN in

pregnancy; coronary
insufficiency w/ or w/o
angina; vasospastic angina,
to increase heart rate in
sinus bradycardia & sick
sinus syndrome
Nitroglycerin causes a
relaxation of vascular
smooth muscle thereby
inducing a
vasodilatation. Both
peripheral arteries and
veins are relaxed by
nitroglycerin. The latter
effect promotes venous
pooling of blood and
decreases venous return
to the heart, thereby
reducing ventricular enddiastolic pressure and
volume (preload).
Orphenadrine: Muscular
Prophylaxis of angina
pectoris. Long-term
treatment of CHD.
Treatment of chronic heart
failure in combination w/
digitalis &/or diuretics
Severe aortic stenosis.

Patients who do not have
complete hemostasis
following intracranial
hemorrhage. Increased
intracranial pressure
during acute phase of a
stroke
Hypersensityvity to any
component of nifedipine
tablet or capsule.
Do not use short acting
nifedipine in cases of
emergency, serious side
effects such as0020CVD,
syncope, heart block,
stroke, AMI, etc.), Avoid
with concurrent intake of
grapefruit juice. Do not
withdraw abruptly in
Hypertensive patients
Acute circulatory failure,
severe hypotension,
acute MI. Avoid sildenafil,
tadalafil, vardenafil
Glaucoma; myasthenia
Nausea, dry mouth, blurred
Acute or chronic painful
Flushing, Edema, Headache,

dizziness, Weakness, transient
hypotension
Transient headache, reflex

tachycardia, postural
hypotension, nausea, dizziness,
allergy
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
citrate 35 mg,
paracetamol 450
mg.
Ofloxacin
(Inoflox)
200mg IV every 8
hours
Olmesartan
(Olmetec)
10-40 mg once
daily, adjusted
according to
patient need.
Olmesartan
medoxomil
(Olmetec)
20mg-40mg
OD
Omeprazole
(Losec,
20mg OD
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
analgesic combination;
not clearly identified.
May be related to its
analgesic properties;
possesses anticholinergic
actions.
Blocks bacterial DNA
synthesis by inhibiting
bacterial topoisomerase
II (DNA gyrase) and
topoisomerase IV
Olmesartan is a selective
and competitive
angiotensin II Type 1
(AT1) receptor antagonist
that blocks the
vasoconstrictor and
aldosterone-secreting
effects of angiotensin II.
As a result, olmesartan
relaxes blood vessels,
hence lowering BP and
increases blood supply
and oxygen to the heart.
Blocks the
vasoconstrictor and
aldosterone secreting
effects of angiotensin II
by selectively blocking
the binding of the
angiotensin II to the
angiotensin I receptor in
the vascular smooth
muscle.
Suppresses gastric acid
secretion by inhibiting
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
muscular conditions, nonarticular rheumatism,

whiplash injury, acute
torticollis, tension
headache, dysmenorrhea.
gravis; prostatic
hypertrophy or bladder
neck obstruction. Childn
<12 yr.
vision, dizziness & restlessness.
Lower respiratory tract

infections, skin, and skin
structure infections,
prostatitis, STD, Acute
uncomplicatied gonorrhea,
Typhoid fever, Shigella
enteritis
Treatment of essential
hypertension.
Hypersensitivity to
quinolones, Pregnancy
and lactation. Children.
GI effects, neurological
reactions, superinfection,
tendenitis
drug.
Use of drugs that act
directly on the reninangiotensin system
administered during the
2nd and 3rd trimesters
of pregnancy has been
associated with fetal
injury and even death.
Dizziness
Peripheral edema, headache,
cough, abdominal pain, nausea,
vomiting, diarrhea,
anaphylactic reaction, rash,
pruritus, angioedema, acute
renal failure, increased hepatic
enzymes and blood creatinine,
hyperkalemia, myalgia and
asthenic conditions eg,
asthenia, fatigue, lethargy,
malaise.
hypertension
Hypersensitivity
Hepatic impairment
Severe renal impairment
Primary aldosteronism
Pregnancy & lactation
Biliary obstruction
Children & adolescents
up to 18yrs of age
Dizziness, vertigo, hypotension,

angina pectoris, bronchitis,
cough, pharyngitis, rhinitis,
abdominal pain, diarrhea,
dyspepsia, gastroenteritis,
nausea, rash, arthritis, back
pain., skeletal pain, hematuria,
UTI, chest pain, fatigue,
hypersensitivity
Duodenal ulcer,prevention
of relapse of duodenal
Presence of significant
unintentional weight
Headache, diarrhea,
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Mepracid,Hoviz
ol)
OMX Probiotics
Probiotics 12+
Professional
Formula
2~10 cap per day
Orofar
(Benzoxonium
Cl 0.5 mg,
lidocaine HCl
0.5 mg)
Soln After
morning &
evening meals,
gargle or rinse
mouth for 30-60
sec w/ 1 tbsp of
undiluted soln (do
not swallow). If
continued
treatment is
indicated, the
soln may be used
more often or
may be replaced
by loz during the
day. Childn >4 yr
Dose should be
reduced. Max: 6
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
the parietal cell H+/K+
ATP pump
Normalizes the micro
flora (lactic acid
bacteria) in the intestinal
tract, Reestablishes the
colon's optimum pH level
and Probiotics 12 plus,
Suppresses the growth of
bad bacteria, stimulates
the immune system,
fortifies the body's ability
to absorb nutrients,
provides complex B
vitamins, antioxidants,
minerals & amino acids.
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
ulcer, gastric ulcer and

reflux esophagitis, poorly
responsive gastric
ulcer,dyspepsia.
Effective in vitro against
the most virulent
pathogens including:
MRSA - the Methicillinresistant Staphylococcus
aureus superbug,
E coli-157 (cause of food
poisoning),
Bacillus cereus (cause of
intestinal anthrax),
H. pylori (the cause of
peptic ulcers), and
L clostridium, that results
in morning sickness,
migraine and cluster
headaches.
loss, recurrent vomiting,

dysphagia, hematemesis
or melena.
nausea, vomiting, flatulence.
Pregnancy & lactation.

Not for childn <4 yr
Isolated cases of skin rash;

occasional & transient cases of
mild local irritation
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Orphenadrine
citrate+
Paracetamol
(Norgesic Forte)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
loz/day. Use only
1 tsp of soln to
rinse or gargle
50mg/
650mg/
tab
1-2tab TID
Oxytetracycline
(Terramycin)
0.5 inch ointment

through eyes once
Oxytocin
(Syntocinon)
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.

CNS & peripherally
blocks pain impulse
antipyresis from
inhibition of
Broad spectrum
bacteriostatic antibiotics
that inhibit protein
synthesis
Acute, chronic muscular

conditions, non-articular
rheumatism, whiplash
injury, acute torticollis,
tension headache,
dysmenorrhea.
Glaucoma, myasthenia
gravis, prostatic
hyperthropy, bladder
neck obstruction
Nausea, dry mouth, blurred

vision, dizziness & restlessness
Prophylaxis of opthalmia
neonatorum; treatment of
superficial ocular infection
due to susceptible
organism;
Ophthalmic use is
contraindicated in
epithelial herpes simplex
keratitis, fungal disease
of ocular structure and
after removal of corneal
compound
Nausea, vomiting and diarrhea;

can cause teeth discoloration.
Produces rhythmic
uterine contractions and
can stimulate the gravid
uterus; has vasopressive
and antidiuretic effects;
can control postpartum
bleeding or hemorrhage
by increasing
postpartum myometrial
tonus
For induction of stimulation

of labor, control of
postpartum uterine
bleeding, treatment of
incomplete or inevitable
abortion
Documented
hypersensitivity;
pregnant patients with
severe toxemia,
unfavorable fetal
positions, and a
contracting uterus with
hypertonic or
hyperactive patterns;
labor in which vaginal
delivery should be
avoided, such as
invasive cervical
carcinoma, cord
presentation or prolapse,
active herpes genitalis,
total placenta previa,
vasa previa
Xerostomia, tachycardia,
urinary retention, allergic
reactions, skin reactions
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
Pankreatoflat
(Pancreatin,
dimethicone)
170/80 mg tab
OD
Pancreatin corrects the

fermentative and
putrefactive process that
are the main causes of
pathological formation of
gas. Activated
dimethylpolysiloxane
eliminates foam,
facilitating the
absorption of
pathological
accumulation of gas in
the intestine
Pantoprazole
(Ulcepraz,
Pantoloc)
20-40mg 1x a day
Paracetamol
500mg/tab,
250mg/5ml
250~500mg
every 3~6hrs
Paracetamol
(Aeknil)
150mg/ml
2~3ml every 4
hours for adult
1~2ml every 4
hours for child

CNS & peripherally
blocks pain impulse
antipyresis from
inhibition of
CNS & peripherally
blocks pain impulse
antipyresis from
inhibition of
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
Hypersensitivity reactions have

been reported; these may be
sneezing, lacrimation or skin
rashes
Proton Pump Inhibitor
Safety and efficacy not

established beyond 16
weeks. Prolonged
treatment may lead to
Vit B12 malabsorption
Relief of fever, minor aches

& pains
Anemia, cardiac &

pulmonary disease.
Hepatic or severe renal
disease
Pyrexia of unknown origin.

Fever & pain associated
with common childhood
disorders, tonsillitis, upper
resp tract infections postimmunization reactions,
after tonsillectomy & other
conditions. Prevention of
febrile convulsion.
Anemia, cardiac &

pulmonary disease.
disease
Chest pain, migraine, anxiety,

dizziness, headache ;Rash;
pruritus; Hyperglycemia;
hyperlipidemia, Diarrhea;
constipation, dyspepsia,
gastroenteritis, nausea
Allergic skin reaction & GI
disturbances
Hematological, skin & other

allergic reactions
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Paracetamol
(Biogesic)
500mg/tab,
250mg/5ml
250~500mg
every 3~6hrs
Perindopril
(Coversyl)
2, 8 mg/tab
Pethidine HCl
(Demerol)
25 mg IV
Pethidine or
meperidine
(Demerol)
50 to 150 mg
every three hours
Piracetam
4.8-6gm/day
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.

CNS & peripherally
blocks pain impulse
antipyresis from
inhibition of
ACE inhibitor
Perindopril is a prodrug
of perindoprilat, which is
a competitive ACE
inhibitor. Perindoprilat
prevents conversion of
angiotensin I to
angiotensin II. It acts as
a vasodilator and it
reduces peripheral
resistance.
Exert its analegic effects
by the same mechanism
as morphine, by acting
as an agonist at the uopioid receptor.
acting as an agonist at
the -opioid receptor.
it has local anesthetic
activity related to its
interactions with sodium
ion channels.
Adjunct in the treatment
of myoclonus of cortical
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
Anemia, cardiac &

pulmonary disease.
disease
Allergic skin reaction & GI

disturbances
Essential hypertension,
CHF. Prevention of stroke
recurrence, history of CVD
Hypersensitivity,
pregnancy and lactation
Headaches, dizziness, cramps,

dry cough
For moderate to severe

pain, pre op medication,
analgesia
Head injury, increased

intracranial pressure,
acurte asthma, atrial
flutter, convulsive
disorders, acute
abdominal conditions
for the treatment of

in patients who are

receiving monoamine
oxidase (MAO) inhibitors
or those who have
recently received such
agents
Severe renal
insufficiency, cerebral
Respiratory depression,
circulatory depression, resp.
arrest, shock, cardiac arrest, GI
disturbance. Dizziness,
sedation, headache, dysphoria,
tremor, agitation, hallucination,
disorientation
lightheadedness, twitchiness,
muscular twitches, and nausea
Headache, cold, sinusitis,

muscle pain, arthritis &
toothacke
Relief of fever, minor aches
& pains
CVA, cerebral circulatory

insufficiency, chronic
Nervousness, agitation,
irritability, anxiety, sleep
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Pinaverium
chloride
( Eldicet )
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
500 mg/
tab TID
Polynerve
Potassium
citrate
(Acalka)
supplementation
1080 mg / Tablet
TID
Prednisone
Prednisolone
acetate
(PREDFORTE )
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
origin, dementia,
alcoholism, vertigo, CVA,
behavioral disorders in
children, after trauma or
surgery.
Anti- spasmodic
1 drop every two

hours on the left
eye
Inhibitor of
crystallization; used in
treatment of patients
with renal lithiasis and
hypocitraturia, chronic
formers of calcium
oxalate, phosphate
calculi; uric acid lithiasis
alone or accompanied by
calcium lithiasis, and
renal tubular acidosis
with calcium
nephrolithiasis.
Is a synthetic steroid
which is easily absorbed
from the GIT. It has an
antiallergenic, antitoxic,
antipyretic and
immunosuppressive
properties.
Decreases inflammation
by suppression of PMNs
and reversal of increased
capillary permeability
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
manifestations of CVA or
cerebral atherosclerosis,
post-traumatic syndromes
hemorrhage, end stage

renal disease.
disturbances.
Spasmodic digestive
disorders, functional
colonopathies, preparation
for radiologic exams,
Prevention & treatment of
deficiency disorders
following poor dietary
intake .
Treatment of patients with
renal lithiasis &
hypocitraturia, chornic
formers of Ca oxalate,
phosphate calculi. Uric acid
lithiasis alone alone or
accompanied by Ca
lithiasis. Renal tubular
acidosis with Ca
nephrolithiasis.
Rare cases of minor GI

disturbances, isolated cases of
undesirable cutaneous effects
Patients with altered

potassium excretion
mechanism,
hyperpotassemia may
appear. In patients with
renal insufficiency, an
increased risk of
appearance of
hyperpotassemia
Slight gastrointestinal disorders

may appear which can be
palliated by means of
concomitant administration
with food.
In some cases, include

pericarditis, idiopathic,
postmyocardial infarction.

ulcers. Systemic fungal
infections. Glaucoma.
Hypersensitivity to
glucocorticoids.

ulceration with prolonged use.
Steroid responsive
inflammation of the
palpebral and bulbar,
cornea and anterior
Acute, untreated
purulent occular
infections. Acute
superficial herpes
Increase intraocular pressure

with optic nerve damage and
visual field defects. Posterior
subcapsular cataract formation
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Pregabalin
(Lyrica)
Initially 75mg bid,

increased to
150mg bid after
an interval of 3-7
days and up to
max 300 mg bid
after and
additional week
Propanolol
40mg PO q12hr
initially,
increasing every
33-7 days;
maintenance: 80240mg PO q8q12hr; not to
exceed 640
mg/day
500mg / tab
Cystic fibrosis
20mg/kg, max
750mg BID
Gonorrhea
500mg OD
Prozine
Ciprofloxacin
HCl
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
Precise mechanism of
action unknown but is a
GABA analogue that
binds to a subunit of
voltage-gated calcium
channels in cns; does not
affect sodium channels,
opiate receptors, or
cyclo-oxyenase enzyme
activity; interactions with
descending
noradrenergic and
serotonergic pathways
originating from the
brain stem appear to
reduce neuropathic pain
transmission from spinal
cord
Non selective beta
adrenergic receptor
block; competitive
inhibition results in
decreases in heart rate,
myocardial contractility,
myocardial oxygen
demand, and blood
pressure
Inhibits DNA-gyrase in
susceptible organism;
inhibit relaxation of
supercoiled DNA and
promotes breakage of
double-stranded DNA
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
segment
simplex, varicella and

most other viral diseases
of the cornea and
conjunctiva
Hypersensitivity
secondary ocular infection from

fungi or viruses
Hypertension, migraine,
angina,
pheochromocytoma,
supraventricular
arrhythmia
Asthma, COPD, sinus

bradycardia, cardiogenic
shock, hypersensitivity,
overt heart failure, sick
sinus syndrome without
permanent pacemaker
Aggravated CHF,
bradyarrhythmia, hypotension,
decreased exercise tolerance,
Raynaud phenomenon,
potential increase in insulin
resistance, depression, fatigue,
insomnia, paresthesia,
psychotic disorders
Gram negative infection.

Treatment of wide range of
infections including
anthrax, biliary tract
infection, bone & joint
infections, brucellosis,
infected bites & stings, cat
Pregnancy & lactation,

methicillin-resistant
S.aureus infections

abdominal pain, dyspepsia.
Headache, dizziness,
restlessness, tremor,
drowsiness, rarely insomnia,
visual & other sensory
disturbances. Rash, pruritus,
Neuropathic pain in adults.

Epilepsy, as adjunctive
therapy of partial seizures
w/ or w/o secondary
generalization in patients
>12 years
Dizziness, somnolence.
Appetite increase, euphoric
mood, confusion, decreased
libido, irritability. Blurred vision,
diplopia, vertigo, dry mouth,
constipation, vomiting,
flatulence, erectile dysfunction,
fatigue, peripheral edema,
feeling drunk, edema, gait
abnormality, wt increase.
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Polynerve
PTU
Pyrazinamide
Racecadotril
(Hidrasec)
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
supplementation
300-450 mg/day
PO divided q8hr
initially
Maintenance:
100-150 mg/day
divided q8fr
15-30mg/kg
100-mg cap
1.5 mg/kg per
dose, with 1 initial
dose and 3 doses
spread over the
day. Children >9
years (approx
>27 kg): 2
sachets/dose; 30
months - 9
years (approx
Inhibits synthesis of
thyroid hormone by
blocking oxidation of
iodine in thyroid gland;
blocks synthesis of T4
and T3
Its metabolic derivative,
pyrazinoic acid, has
specific antimicrobial
activity against M.
tuberculosis & lowers the
pH of the environment
below the level required
for mycobacterial
growth.
Hidrasec is an inhibitor of
enkephalinase, the
enzyme responsible for
breaking down
enkephalins. It is a
selective but reversible
inhibitor and protects
endogenous enkephalins
which are physiologically
active in the digestive
tract.
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
scratch disease, chancroid,

exacerbations of cystic
fibrosis, gastroenteritis,
gonorrhea, legionnaires
disease, otitis media &
externa, peritonitis, Q
fever, lower respiratory
tract infection
Prevention & treatment of
deficiency disorders
following poor dietary
intake .
Hyperthyroidism, thyrotoxic
crisis, grave disease, renal
impairment
For the treatment of acute

diarrhea.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
elevated liver enzyme values,

jaundice, hepatitis.
Eosinophilia, leucopenia,
anemia or agranulocytosis.
Transient increase in serum
creatinine or BUN
Hypersensitivity
Agranulocytosis, aplastic
anemia, dermatologic
reactions, hepatitis, drowsiness,
fever, headache, vertigo,
alopecia
Renal insufficiency
GI effects( mild N/V);

Musculoskeletal effect (non
gouty polyarthralgia); Other
effects (hepatotoxicity,
hyperuricemia)
Known hypersensitivity to
racecadotril. Renal or
hepatic impairment.
A few cases of drowsiness have

been reported during clinical
trials. Nausea and vomiting,
constipation, dizziness and
headaches have also been
reported rarely. The side
effects have been mild, and
equivalent in nature, frequency
and intensity to those reported
with placebo. Post-marketing
surveillance has indicated side
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
13-27 kg): 1
sachet/dose; 9-30
months (approx
9-13 kg): 2
sachets/dose; 1-9
months: 1
sachet.dose.
Rebamipide
100 mg tid, in the

morning, evening
and before bed.
Ranitidine
(Ulcin / Zantac)
50mg SIV TID
Renogen
2,000 u/ml
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
Hidrasec has a pure
intestinal antisecretory
agent which has been
shown to have no effect
on GI motility. It reduces
intestinal hypersecretion
of water and electrolytes
caused by cholera toxin
or inflammation without
affecting basal secretion.
There is therefore no
effect in the normal
intestine.
Rebamipide is a mucosal
protective agent and is
postulated to increase
gastric blood flow,
prostaglandin
biosynthesis and
decrease free oxygen
radicals.
Inhibits action of
histamine at the H2
receptor site located
primarily in the gastric
parietal cells
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Hypersensitivity to
mammalian cell-derived
products & to albumin,
uncontrolled
hypertension
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
effects to be extremely rare in

general use.
Peptic Ulcer, Gastritis
Lactation.
Rash, pruritus, constipation,

diarrhoea, nausea.
Histamine H2 Antagonist,
Antiulcer
Renal impairment,
hepatic impairment,
pregnancy, lactation, or
children
Headache, dizziness, nausea

and vomiting
Hematopeitic growth factor
Hypertension, partial or
complete clotting at the
site of vascular access,
seizures, increased
potassium, BUN,
creatinine, arthralgia,
asthenia, chest pain,
diarrhea, edema,
headache, nausea,
tachycardia, vomiting
Anemia associated with renal

insufficiency or chronic renal
failure, for the reduction of
allogenic blood transfusions in
surgery patients.
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
10-20mg/kg
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
Inhibits transcription by
blocking DNA-dependent
RNA polymerase
Rofecoxib
(Vioxx)
50mg tab BID
Produces antiinflammatory, analgesic

and antipyretic effects,
possibly by inhibiting
prostaglandin synthesi
Roxithromycin
(Ruthison)
Adult: 150 mg
bid or 300 mg
once daily for 510 days in
susceptible
infections.
It prevents bacteria from

growing, by interfering
with their protein
synthesis. Roxithromycin
binds to the subunit 50S
of the bacterial
ribosome, and this
inhibits the translocation
of peptides.
Roxithromycin has
similar antimicrobial
Rifampicin
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Contraindicated in
patients hypersensitive
to drug or its
components and in those
asthma, urticaria,
allergic reactions after
taking aspirin or other
NSAIDs. Also
contraindicated in
patients with advanced
renal disease or
moderate or severe
hepatic insufficiency and
in pregnant women
because it may cause
ductus arteriosus to
close prematurely
Treatment of infections
caused by susceptible
strains of gm+ve & gm-ve
microorganisms.
Patient who developed

liver disorders on
previous therapy
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
Hepatic Effects( transient

asymptomatic
hyperbilirubinemia, clinical
hepatitis); GI effects (N/V,
anorexia, abdominal pain,
diarrhea); Other effects (flu-like
syndrome, orange
discoloratiohn of body fluids)
Headache, asthenia, fatigue,
dizziness, hypertension, leg
edema, sinusitis, diarrhea,
dyspepsia, epigastric
discomfort, heartburn, nausea,
abdominal pain, UTI, back pain,
bronchitis, URTI, flu syndrome
GI disturbances, increase in
liver enzyme values, hepatitis,
rash, headache, dizziness,
weakness, changes in CBC
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
spectrum as
erythromycin, but is
more effective against
certain gram-negative
bacteria, particular
Legionella pneumonia.
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
Rosuvastatin
(Crestor)
10-40 mg orally
once a day.
Rosuvastatin is a
selective, potent and
competitive inhibitor of
HMG-CoA reductase, the
rate-limiting enzyme that
converts 3-hydroxy-3methylglutaryl coenzyme A to mevalonate,
a precursor of
cholesterol.
Adjunct to diet when the

response to diet and
exercise is inadequate.
In adult patients with an
increased risk of
atherosclerotic
cardiovascular disease
based on the presence of
cardiovascular disease risk
markers
Hypercholesterolemia
Patients with
hypersensitivity to any
component of Crestor.
Patients with active liver
disease.
Crestor is contraindicated
during pregnancy, while
breastfeeding and in
women of childbearing
potential not using
appropriate contraceptive
measures.
Salbutamol
(Asmalin)
2mg/tab,
2mg/5ml susp.
1tab TID, 2.5 ~
5ml TID
Relaxes bronchial
smooth muscle by action
on B2-receptors with
little effect on heart rate
Asthma
Prevention & relief from
bronchospasm associated
with reversible obstructive
airway disease eg bronchial
asthma
Salbutamol
(Ventolin)
Inhalant: 40
micrograms/puff
aerosol
Oral: 2,4 mg
tablets; 2 mg/mL
syrup
Beta adrenergic receptor

agonist - causes
bronchodilation
Inhalational: Onset < 15
m, dur 3-4 h
PO: onset <30m, dur 4-8
hours
Treatment & prevention of

bronchial asthma,
bronchitis, emphysema
with associated reversible
airway obstruction.
Special precaution :
coronary insufficiency,
cardiac arrhythmias,
hypertension, convulsive
disorder,
hyperthyroidism,
diabetes mellitus;
pregnancy, lactation.
Threatened abortion
during 1st or 2nf
trimesters of pregnancy.
Toxaemia of pregnancy,
antepartum
haemorrhage, placenta
praevia.
Common (1/100, <1/10):

Headache, myalgia, asthenia,
constipation, dizziness, nausea
and abdominal pain.
Uncommon (1/1000,
<1/100): Pruritus, rash and
urticaria.
Rare (1/10,000, <1/1000):
Myopathy (including myositis),
(including angioedema),
rhabdomyolysis and
pancreatitis.
Palpation, tachycardia,
increased BP, headache,
nervousness, dizziness,
heartburn, epistaxis, cough, GI
discomfort, throat irritation &
tremor
Senna
(Senokot)
187mg/tab,
374mg/tab,
stimulation of colonic
motility, resulting in
Functional constipation of
hospitalized patient, O & G
Acute surgical abdomen,

abdominal pain, nausea,
Thyrotoxicosis, inhaled
salbutamol prep are not
appropriate for managing
premature labour. Pregnancy,
lactation. Acute severe asthma.
Monitor fluid balance,
cardiorespiratory function &
ECG
Mild abdominal discomfort;
diarrhea w/ excessive loss of
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Simethicone
(Disflatyl )
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
40 to 125 Mg
1-2 tab after
meals, for prep
for x-ray, give
2-3 days before
exam
Sinupret
Gentianae
radix (gentian
root),
Primulae
flos (primrose
flowers with
calyx),
Rumicus
herba (common
sorrel herb),
Sambuci
flos (elder
flowers),
Verbenae
Adult:
2 dragees.
Children of
school age:
1 dragee.
To be taken tid.
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
augmented propulsion
and accelerated colonic
transit, reducing the
opportunity for fluid
absorption from the
faeces. It also influences
fluid and electrolyte
absorption and secretion
by the colon, resulting in
a net fluid secretion. The
mucilage inhibits fluid
absorption, enhancing
the laxative effec
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
patient, post-surgical,
prenatal, postpartum,
geriatric patient, functional
constipation due to intake
of certain drugs, ped
patient.
vomiting or symptoms of
appendicitis; intestinal
hemorrhage or
obstruction, persistent
diarrhea.
water & electrolytes (high

doses), atonic non-functioning
colon (prolonged use).
Accumulation of gas in
GIT, sensation of
pressure and fullness in
the epigastrium,
temporary meteorism,
post-op meteorism,
gastrocardiac
syndrome, prep for xray exam and before
gastroscopy
Acute & chronic
inflammations of the
sinuses & the resp tract;
supplementary measure in
antibacterial therapy.
allergic to Simethicone.
allergic reaction; skin irritation,

hives skin rashes, redness,
difficulty in breathing, swelling,
and chest pain, chest
congestion, swelling of the
face, lips tongue or throat.
drug or any of its
contents
Very rare cases of

gastrointestinal disorders (eg,
stomachache, nausea) and
(exanthema, erythema,
pruritus, angioedema, dyspnea,
face edema) have been
reported. In these cases, intake
of Sinupret dragees should be
discontinued and a physician
must be consulted.
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
herba (shop
vervain wort).
Simvastatin
(Vidastat,
Zocor)
10~80mg tab OD
Sitagliptin
50mg tablet
Sitagliptin
phosphate
monohydrate,
metformin HCl
(Velmetia)
50mg/500mg/tabl
et BID
Statins inhibit the

enzyme HMG-CoA
reductase which is the
rate limiting step in the
synthesis of cholesterol.
Intake of statins results
in lowering of LDL and
elevation of HDL. Statins
have been demonstrated
to be cardioprotective
and reduces risk of
cardiovascular events
Antidiabetic agent. DPP4 enzymes, sitagliptin
increases the levels of 2
known active incretin
hormones, glucagon-like
peptide-1 (GLP-1).
Increases insulin
synthesis.
Sodium Chloride
(Muconase)
2-4 sprays each

nostril TID
Replaces and maintains

sodium chloride levels
which are essential ions
necessary in normal
cellular metabolism.
Spirinolactone
(Aldactone)
25 mg, 50 mg
tabblets
Antagonizes aldosterone
in the distal tubules,
increasing sodium and
water excretion
Sulbactam-
375 mg/tab BID
Inhibition of cell wall
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
The most common side effect

of statins is in the
gastrointestinal system, with
reports of constipation and
nausea. May also affect the
liver, causing drug induced
hepatitis
Initial therapy in patients

with type 2 diabetes
mellitus to improve
glycemic control when diet
and exercise alone do not
provide adequate glycemic
control, or cannot be with
metformin or sitagliptin
alone, or a combination of
both.
For the relief of nasal
congestion due to dry,
irritated, crusty or inflamed
nasal passages, low
humidity, heat,
environmental factors and
air travel.
Hypertension, CHF, edema,
hypokalemia, primary
aldosteronism. Nephritic
syndrome, cirrhosis,
management of hissutism
secondary to PCOS.
Renal disease or
dysfuctin, acute or
chronic metabolic
acidosis including
diabetic ketoacidosis
with or without coma.
Lactic acidosis.
Generally well tolerated.

Hypoglycemia, dyspepsia,
flatulence, nausea, vomiting,
diarrhea, abdoinal pain, loss of
appetite, metallic taste, upper
respiratory tract infection,
headache, cough, fungal skin
infection, peripheral edema.
None
None
Acute renal insufficiency,

anuria, hyperkalemia,
pregnancy and lactation,
hypersensitivity.
Gynecomastia may develop.

Diarrhea and cramping,
nausea, vomiting, gastritis,
agranulocytosis.
Overgrowth of non-
GI disturbances, phlebitis, skin
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Ampicillin
(Unasyn)
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
synthesis
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Phenoxymethylpenicillin
(penicillin V) is a natural
penicillin which kills
bacteria by interfering
with the synthesis of the
bacterial cell wall. It
binds to penicillinbinding proteins on the
bacterial cell wall and
blocks peptidoglycan
synthesis.
Treatment of respiratory
tract infections,
genitourinary tract
infections, skin and soft
tissue infections, oral and
dental infections, and
surgical infections caused
by susceptible organisms.
Prevention and treatment
of secondary bacterial
infections in measles,
mumps, chickenpox,
influenza, and other viral
infections. Also useful in
preventing bacterial
endocarditis after
tonsillectomy or tooth
extraction in patients with
history of rheumatic fever.
Sumapen
Adults: 250-500
mg every 6 hrs.
Children:
Suggested dosage
for infants and
children is 50
mg/kg body
weight/day in 4
divided doses.
Systane Ultra
Instill 1-2 drops

in affected eye
as needed
Tazobactam
2g/250mg + 10ml
diluent, 4g/500mg
+10ml diluent
Inhibits the action of

beta-lactamases. It has
the potential to enhance
the activity of other
beta-lactam antibiotics.
Telmisartan
40mg OD
Angiotensin receptor
Temporary relief of
burning and irritation
due to dryness of the
eyes
Treatment of systemic &/or
local bacterial infections
caused by susceptible
organisms.
Esssential hypertension.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
susceptible organism.
Check periodically for
organ system
dysfunction during
prolonged therapy
hypersensitivity to
penicillins.
rashes, itching, blood disorders,

anaphylaxis, superinfection
History of allergic
reactions to any
penicillins,
cephalosporins, or betalactamase inhibitors.
Hypersensitivity,
mild rash, eosinophilia and

fever. Anaphylaxis, nausea,
vomiting, epigastric distress,
diarrhea, sore mouth or tongue,
and black hairy tongue.
moderate rise in aspartate
aminotransferase (AST, ALT)
Discontinue if eye pain or

changes in vision occur, or if
redness or irritation of the eye
gets worse or lasts >72
Hypotension, ileus, syncope,
rigors, back pain, malaise, CV
effects, tremors,
pseudomembranous colitis,
thirst, myalgia, arthralgia,
genital pruritus, hematuria,
photophobia, hepatitis,
hemolytic anemia.
Upper respiratory tract
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
blocker.
Inhibits vasoconstriction
and aldosteronesecreting effects of
angiotensin II.
Angiotensin receptor
blocker + thiazide
diuretic
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
Prevention of CV morbidity
and mortality in patients
>55 at high risk of CV
disease.
pregnancy, bilateral
renal stenosis
infections, back pain, diarrhea,

myalgia, sinusitis, chestpain,
hypertension, headache,
dizziness, pharyngitis
Esssential hypertension
Hypersensitivity.
Pregnancy, lactation.
Biliary obstructive
disorders.
Cholestasis & obstructive
disorders. Severe
hepatic and renal
impairment (CrCl <30
mL/min). Refractory
hypokalemia,
hypercalcemia.
Pregnancy & Lactation
IgA deficiency and
concurrent presence of
antibodies to IgA
Diarrhea, angioedema
Hypersensitivity
reactions
Pain, rashes, induration, or

edema, associated with SC
nodule and rarely aseptic
abscesses. Transient
hyperthermia associated or not
associated with a local reaction
and lymphadenopathy,
immediate hypersensitivity
reaction such as generalized
pruritus, urticarial or edema,
dizziness, low BP, myalgia,
arthralgia
and headaches.
Epithelial herpes simplex
Localized ocular toxicity &
Telmisartan +
Hydrochlorothia
zide
(Micardis)
Telmisartan +
HCTZ
(Micardis plus)
40mg + 12.5
mg/tab OD
40mg + 12.5mg
tablet
Angiotensin II antagonist,
antihypertensive,
thiazide diuretic
hypertension for patients in
whom combination therapy
is appropriate
Tetagam
(Human Tetanus
Ig,
pasteurizaed)
250 IU, IM single

dose
500 IU, IM in
infected wounds
and delayed
debridement
Primary
vaccination: 2
successive SC/IM
1 or 2 mos. apart
followed by
booster 6-12
mos.after 2nd
inj.Booster: one
0.5ml inj.every
10yrs after the
primary
immunization and
every 10yrs
thereafter
1 drop four times
Vaccines for passive

immunization
Prophylaxis in persons with

recent injuries who have no
immunity or incomplete
immunity against tetanus;
therapy of clinically
manifested tetanus
Tetanus prevention; post
exposure prophylaxis for
recent wounds that may
have been contaminated
with tetanus spores in
subjects who have not had
any primary vaccination, or
was incomplete, or
uncertain
Tetanus toxoid
(Adsorbed)
TOBRANYCIN +
Vaccines for active

immunization
Tobramycin binds
For steroid-responsive
Bronchitis, pharyngitis,
sinusitis, hypokalemia,
hyponatremia, hyperuricemia,
anxiety, depression,
exacerbation or activation of
SLE, dizziness, depression,
syncope/fain, paresthsia
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
DEXAMETHSON
E (TOBRADEX)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
a day
Tramadol
(Dolotral,
Silverol, TDL,
Tradonal,
Trama)
50-100mg every
4-6 hours, not to
exceed
400mg/day
Tramadol HCl
and
paracetamol
(Dolcet)
1-2 tab 4-6 hrly.

Max: 8 tab/day.
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
irreversibly to one of two
aminoglycoside binding
sites on the 30 S
ribosomal subunit,
inhibiting bacterial
protein synthesis.
Tobramycin may also
destabilize bacterial
memebrane by binding
to 16 S 16 S r-RNA. An
active transport
mechanism for
aminoglycoside uptake is
necessary in the bacteria
in order to attain a
significant intracellular
concentration of
tobramycin.
Binds to Mu Opiate
receptors in the brain
and spinal cord, which
alters sensation and
response to pain. Also
inhibits reuptake of
serotonin and
norepinephrine, which
also results in alteration
in pain signal
transmission
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
inflammatory ocular
conditions for which a
corticosteroid is indicated
& where bacterial infection
or risk of bacterial ocular
infection exists
keratitis (dendritic
keratitis), vaccinia,
varicella & many other
viral diseases of the
cornea & conjunctiva.
Mycobacterial eye
infection. Fungal
diseases of ocular
structures. After
uncomplicated removal
of a corneal foreign body
hypersensitivity including lid

itching & swelling &
conjunctival erythema.
Secondary infection.
Most common side effects are

CNS related: Headaches,
dizziness, somnolence, vertigo.
May cause vasodilaton and
hypotonia
Tramadol acts as a opioid receptor agonist,

serotonin releasing
agent, norepinephrine
reuptake inhibitor, NMDA
receptor antagonist, 5HT2C receptor antagonist,
Moderate to severe pain.
Hypersensitivity to
tramadol or any
component of the tablets
or Ampoule solution.
Patients intoxicated with
alcohol or other sedating
drugs
Use with extreme
precaution among
patients taking other
CNS drugs particularly
sedatives or CNS
depressants
Acute intoxication w/
alcohol, hypnotics,
narcotics, centrallyacting analgesics,
opioids or psychotropic
drugs. Hypersensitivity.
CNS & GI disturbances. Nausea,

dizziness, somnolence.
Asthenia, fatigue, hot flushes,
constipation, diarrhea,
flatulence, dry mouth, pruritus,
increased sweating, tinnitus.
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Tranexamic Acid
250-500mg/cap
1-2 cap TID/QID
250-500mg IV
slow push
Trimetazidine
20 mg/tablet
35 mg/tablet
3 tabs daily in 3
divided doses
Trimetazadine
hydrochloride
As conventional
tab: 40-60 mg
daily in divided
doses.
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
(7)5 nicotinic
acetylcholine receptor
antagonist, and M1 and
M3 muscarinic
acetylcholine receptor
antagonis
Competitively inhibits
activation of
plasminogen to plasmin,
which inhibits
fibrinolysis. Also inhibits
plasmin proteolytic
activity
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
Menorrhagea,
Metrorrhagea, valvular
heart surgery, GI
hemorrhage, Hereditary
angioneurotic edema
Gastrointestinal >10% (nausea,

diarrhea, vomiting),
Cardiovascular and Ocular 1%
to 10% (Hypotension,
thrombosis, blurred vision)
A metabolic agent, a
specific ad selective
inhibitor of an enzyme of
the fatty acids beta
oxidation: 3-ketoacyl
CoA. This inhibition of
beta oxidant allows a
recoupling of glycolysis
and an increase in
glucose oxidation for
better energy production
under ischemic
conditions.
Trimetazidine is a cellular
acting anti-ischaemic
agent. It has 3 main
properties by which it
acts as a cytoprotective
agent. It inhibits the
anaerobic glycolysis and
fatty acid metabolism,
Long term treatment of

coronary insufficiency;
angina pectoris and
ischemia of the
neurosensora tissue as in
Meniere's disease
Acquired defective color

vision, active
intravascular clotting,
subarachnoid
hemorrhage, Concurrent
factor IX complex or antiinhibitor coagulant
concentrates, patients
with cardiovascular,
renal, CVD, and
thromboembolic disease
Hypersensitivity to any
of the ingredients
Pregnancy and lactation,
children.
Hypersensitivity.
Pregnancy and lactation.
GI disturbances, vomiting,
nausea.
Angina pectoris,
Meniere's disease
Rare cases of gastrointestinal

disorders nausea, headache
and vertigo
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Ursodeoxycholic
acid
(Ursofalk)
10 mg/kg body
weight/day
equivalent to: Up
to 60 kg: 2 caps;
up to 80 kg: 3
caps; up to 100
kg: 4 caps; >100
kg: 5 caps.
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
thus allowing only
aerobic glycolysis. This
action helps to restore
the energy balance in
the cell. It inhibits
acidosis and free radical
accumulation in the cell.
All these action help the
cell to restore the normal
ionic and metabolic
balance.
Each capsule also
contains maize starch,
colloidal anhydrous
silica, magnesium
stearate, gelatin titanium
dioxide (E171) and
sodium dodecyl sulfate
as inactive ingredients.
class of bile acids
Valdecoxib
(Bextra)
20mg / tab once

daily
Inhibition of
cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) pathway
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
Treatment of cholestatic
liver disease. Dissolution of
cholesterol gallstone in the
gallbladder. The gallstones
should not show up on xray and should not be >15
mm. The gallbladder must
be functioning despite of
(a) gallstone(s).
Treatment of biliary reflux
gastritis.
Symptomatic treatment of
primary biliary cirrhosis
provided no
decompensated liver
cirrhosis is present
Acute inflammation of
the gallbladder and bile
ducts; obstruction of the
biliary tract (common
bile duct or cystic duct),
inflammation disorders
of the large and small
intestine, pregnancy.
Ursofalk should not be
taken when the
gallbladder cannot be
visualized at x-ray, in
patients with calcified
gallstones, disturbed
contractility of the
gallbladder or frequent
biliary colic
During treatment with Ursofalk,

gallstone calcification may
occur. In rare cases, the stool
may become doughy.
Decompensation of liver
cirrhosis has been observed in
isolated cases during the
treatment of primary biliary
cirrhosis of an advanced stage.
This receded, however, after
discontinuing therapy.
During the treatment of
primary biliary cirrhosis with
Ursofalk, severe, right-sided
epigastric pain resulted in
isolated cases.
Patients with known

hypersensitivity to
Valdecoxib. Patients who
have demonstrated
allergic-type reactions to
sulfonamides. Patient
asthma, urticaria,
allergic type reactions
Dry mouth, hypertension,

peripheral edema, , abdominal
fullness, abdominal pain,
diarrhea, dyspepsia, nausea,
anemia, sinusitis, rash
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Valproic acid,
Divalproex Na
(Depakene)
250mg, 15ml NGT

30ml/day
Valsartan
(Diovan)
80 or 160 mg
once daily,
40 mg twice
daily002E
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
Valproic acid and its

derivative, divalproex,
are oral drugs that are
used for the treatment of
convulsions, migraines
and bipolar disorder. The
active ingredient in both
products is valproic acid
or valproate. Scientists
do not know the
mechanism of action of
valproate. The most
popular theory is that
valproate exerts its
effects by increasing the
concentration of gammaaminobutyric acid
(GABA) in the brain.
Gamma-aminobutyric
acid is a
neurotransmitter, a
chemical that nerves use
to communicate with one
another
an orally active, potent
and specific Ang II
receptor antagonist. It
acts selectively on the
AT1receptor subtype
which is responsible for
the known actions of Ang
II.
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Treatment of simple and

complex seizures.
Hypertension.
Heart Failure: Treatment of
heart failure (NYHA class IIIV) in patients receiving
standard therapy eg,
diuretics, digitalis and
either angiotensinconverting enzyme (ACE)
inhibitors or -blockers but
not both; presence of all
these standard therapies is
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
after taking NSAIDS

including other COX-2
inhibitors
Should not take this drug
if you have liver disease
or your liver is not
functioning properly, or if
you have had an allergic
reaction to it.
Hypersensitivity.
In pregnancy,
2nd and 3rd trimesters
has been reported to
cause injury and death
to the developing fetus.
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
The most common side effects

with valproic acid therapy are
drowsiness, dizziness, nausea,
vomiting, indigestion, diarrhea,
weight loss and tremors.
Liver injury, pancreatitis and
abnormal bleeding
swelling of the face, throat,

tongue, lips, eyes, hands, feet,
ankles, or lower legs
hoarseness
difficulty breathing or
swallowing
unexplained weight gain
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
Vandol
Cream/ointment
None
Verapamil
(Isoptin)l
240mg OD
Vincristine
(Alcavixin,
Biomedis
Vincristine,
Nevexitin,
Pfizer
Vincristine)
Adult 0.4-1.4
mg/m2 BSA.
Childn 1.5-2
mg/m2 BSA, <10
kg or BSA <1 m2
0.05 mg/kg wkly
Vitamin A
Retinol
25,000iu
A calcium antagonist
that inhibits the
transmembrane influx of
calcium ions into the
heart and vascular
smooth muscles.
vincristine and other
vinca alkaloids exert
their cytotoxic effects by
binding to tubulin, the
protein subunit of the
microtubles that form
the mitotic spindle. The
formation of vincristinetublin complexes prevent
the polymerization of the
tubulin subunits into
microtublues and
induces
depolymerization of
microtubules resulting in
inhibition of microtubule
assembly and cellular
metaphase arrest. In
high concentrations, the
drug also exerts complex
effects on nucleic acid
and protein synthesis.
Vincristine exerts some
immunosuppressive
activity
Supplementation
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
not mandatory.
Post-Myocardial Infarction
Emollients
None
Chronic coronary
insufficiency, long term
treatment of angina
pectoris, coronary spasms.
Hypertesnion. Tachycardia.
Cardiovascular shock,
complicated acute MI,
severe conduction
disorders and sick sinus
syndrome.
Diaper rash, chafing, sunburn,

dry skin, abrasions, superficial
wounds, minor burns.
Bradycardic arrythmias when
given in large doses.
Constipation. Nausea, vertigo,
dizziness, headache, flushing,
fatigue, nervousness, ankle
edemas in rare cases.
Neurotoxicity. CNS effects eg
depression, agitation, insomnia,
hallucinations & episodes of
altered consciousness. Rare
hypersensitivity. Leucopenia,
anemia, thrombocytopenia. GI
effects. Hyperuricemia, uric
acid nephropathy, polyuria,
dysuria & urinary retention due
to bladder atony. Alopecia.
Increased urinary Na excretion.
Hypertension, hypotension.
Fever, headache
Biliary obstruction,
preexisting neuropathies,
liver dysfunction or
jaundice & elderly.
Extravasation,
nephrotoxicity, hepatic
impairment. Pregnancy,
lactation. Fatal if given
intrathecally
Treatment of vit A
deficiency
Special precaution in
pregnancy. Excessive
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
palmitate
Vitamin B
Complex
(Neurobion)
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.
doses may lead to

hypervitaminosis
Tab BID
Supplementation
Vitamin E
DI-a-tocopheryl
acetate
(Mira E )
300iu, 400iu
an allithiamine that
boosts Advanced
Glycation Endproduct
(AGE)-inhibiting thiamine
pyrophosphate and cellshielding transketolase
activity.
Supplementation
Vitamin K
0.5mg IM
Warfarin
(Coumadin)
2-5 mg/day
2-10 mg daily
Vitamin B
Complex with C
(BNC)
Promotes liver synthesis

of clotting factors (II,
VII,IX,X).
Anticoagulant.
Coumadin and other
coumarin anticoagulants
act by inhibiting the
synthesis of vitamin K-
Neuritis, neuralgias,
shoulder-arm syndrome,
facial paresis, pregnancy
neuritis, drug-induced &
alcoholic neuropathy,
diabetic neuropathy,
sciatica, lumbagolumbalgia, intercoastal
neuralgia, trigeminal
neuralgia, herpes zoster,
optic neuritis, numbness of
the extremities,
hyperemesis gravidarum,
vit B deficiency, CVA
Increased requirement of
these vit as in pregnancy,
lactation, periods of rapid
growth & development,
infection, physical &
mental strain.
Maintains healthy skin &
eyes. Protects against
artherosclerosis & CV
disorders. Improves nerve
functions & prevents onset
of neuromuscular
degenerative diseases
Prophylaxis and therapy of
hemorrhagic disease of the
newborn
Prophylaxis and/or
treatment of venous
thrombosis and its
extension, pulmonary
embolism, thromboembolic
Hypersentivity
Coumarin and
indanedione derivatives
Hemorrhage
Embryopathy
Allergic reactions, including

anaphylactoid reaction, pain,
swelling
Hemorrhagic complications
Generic/ Brand
Acarbose
(Glucobay)
Dosage
1 tablet of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day
up to 2 tablets of
Glucobay 50 mg
three times a day
or 1 tablet of
Glucobay 100 mg
three times a day.
Mode of Action
the degradation of
disaccharides,
digestion of these
carbohydrates.
dependent coagulation
factors.
Indications
mellitus.
2 diabetes
complications associated
with atrial fibrillation,
cardiac valve replacement
and as an adjunct in the
prophylaxis of systemic
embolism after myocardial
infarction.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to
acarbose and/or to
Chronic intestinal
Adverse Effects
intestinalis.

Revised Drug Index

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DRUG INDEX

(June 2015 Revision)

Prophylaxis of high altitude

Use with caution in

Acute and chronic

in children who are

Acute & chronic diseases of

Mild GI disturbance eg nausea,

respiratory tract disease

mild GI effects and

mild GI effects and allergic

500 mg/ cap P.O

associated with abnormal

Headache, edema, fatigue,

Inhibit cell wall

Respiratory tract, skin &

Monitor hepatic function

Diarrhea, nausea, skin rashes,

Effects: diarrhea, nausea,

soft tissue infections

skin rashes, urticaria, vaginitis,

Respiratory tract infections,

patients with penicillin

itching, nausea, vomiting,

Nausea, vomiting, headache,

Metabolic acidosis, sinus

Heart failure, heart block and

Reduction of elevated total

Active liver disease,

Nausea & vomiting, diarrhea

Premd to general anesth,

Dryness of the mouth & skin,

Prolonged use may produce

Upper and lower

Nausea, abdominal discomfort,

Respiratory tract infections,

Inhibits RNA dependent

8 mg 1-2 tab TID

Treatment of acute diarrhea

Mild gastric symptoms, rash,

1-2 tab at night

combines reversibly with

1.5 mg/ tab

Rarely, abdominal discomfort

Very common (>1/10):

Acute anxiety, hallucinations,

Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting &

Not intended for rapid

Mild irritation in the throat,

100 mg/ 5 ml, 3

Constipation, anorexia, and

For relief of cough

Peptic Ulcer and

Nausea, diarrhea, gastric

and tenacious sputum, as

Patients with NYHA Class

Dizziness, headache, fatigue,

UTI, respiratory tract

Bind to PBPs on bacterial

Bone & joint infection,

Active against g+ cocci

agranulocytosis, joint pain,

Patients with transient