Pasadena City College

Phsc 002
Dr. Erica Seubert

BRAINSTORMING ABOUT VACCINES

1. Summarize what you learned from Kata 2010 about common
misconceptions about vaccines that can be found online.
Wide spread misinformation found on anti-vaccination websites, False
conclusions made from very selective data from research, false
information on transition of disease and viruses, and very little peer
review on information on websites.

2. Describe the student body at PCC. What would expect their

background to be? What general demographic information can be
used to describe PCC students?
The background at PCC is diverse relatively well informed. General
demographics is w/out children, young, students.

3. What did you learn from your survey about the current knowledge of
vaccines among PCC students?
Overall most thought vaccinations were helpful. The majority of students
surveyed didnt have first hand experience deciding whether to vaccine or
not. 12% of the student body had a negative view of vaccines.

4. Input your graphs for vaccines here.

Pasadena City College

Phsc 002
Dr. Erica Seubert

Pasadena City College

Phsc 002
Dr. Erica Seubert

5. What did you learn in lecture Monday that will need to be considered?

Pasadena City College

Phsc 002
Dr. Erica Seubert

We learned about the different of vaccines available Live vaccines which

include attenuated virus being introduced to people to expose them to
disease and then create immunity and inactivated vaccines which include
toxins produced by disease causing bacteria, modified to make them
harmless (toxids).
34 of the 400 harmful pathogens have been discovered.
Early Critics to Jenner
1998 Anti Vaccine/Big Pharma conspiracy
6. Pick three misconceptions from table 1 (Kata) that you think would be
easily believed by your fellow students at PCC.
Idiopathic, Profit, Alternative treatments

7. Research scientific journal articles on Google Scholar that contradict

(disprove) these misconceptions. Summarize their findings and how
those findings contradict the anti-vaccine stance. Be sure to include a
properly formatted reference at the end of this document for any
reference you find.
Profitability In a study done titled, The Influenza Vaccine Supply Chain:
Structure, Risk, and Coordination it is noted that flu vaccination is more of a
public enterprise than a private one as profit margins are so low.
Idiopathic Illnesses Large well-controlled epidemiologic studies do not
support the hypothesis that vaccines cause allergies disproving the idea that
vaccines cause illnesses.
Alternative Remedies- In 1992, Congress established within the National
Institutes of Health an Office of Alternative Medicine to evaluate alternative
remedies. No controlled clinical trials that would allow any conclusions to be
drawn about the efficacy of an alternative treatment came out of 30 research
grants awarded in 1993. This attempt to quantify the benefits of alternative
remedies and failure to do so shows that homeopathic alternatives are not
valid replacements for vaccines.
8. Summarize the Nyhan article about vaccine opponent education.

Pasadena City College

Phsc 002
Dr. Erica Seubert

The article discussed how the media had been flooded w/false info
about adverse effects about vaccines. Very commonly autism. Studies
concluded that parents w/missed or negative attitudes towards
vaccines are less likely to vaccinate future children after receiving
information disproving the myth that vaccines cause autism. People
rationalize reasons to reinforce their internal beliefs. Trust is a big
factor, and using family doctors to try to reassure parents about the
safety of vaccines may possibly be effective.

9. What information from that Nyhan should you keep in mind as you
design a product to teach your PCC colleagues about accurate vaccine
information?
We should be aware of the tendency for people to fall back on their false
beliefs when presented with the truth. Therefore we should focus on the
positive stats, and encourage people to visit with their family doctors about
vaccines.

10.
What platforms are you considering to develop?
Were considering a pamphlet.

11.
Why do you think this is the best plan of action?
A pamphlet is the best plan of action because it allows us to present a large
amount of information.

12.
Summarize the Gadad article.
The Gadad article is about a study of 79 rhesus monkeys who were given two
different recommended schedules of vaccines one from the 1990s and
another from 2008. These schedules were chosen because the 1990s
schedule contained the highest thimerosal exposure and the 2008 schedule
had the highest number of different vaccines. The data accumulated by the
study showed that administration of TCVs and/or the MMR vaccine to rhesus
monkeys does not result in neuropathological abnormalities, or behaviors
exhibited by those with ASD.

Pasadena City College

Phsc 002
Dr. Erica Seubert

13.
What information from Gadad will help you communicate about
vaccines to fellow PCC students?
There is no link between the administration of TCVs and ASD.

Williams,D.2015. The Influenza Vaccine Supply Chain: Structure, Risk, and

Coordination.
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Zaragoza International Logistics Program:3
Offit, P and Hackett, J. 2003. Addressing Parents Concerns: Do Vaccines
Cause Allergic
or Autoimmune Diseases?. Pediatrics.
3( 3):653
Angell, M and Kassirer, J. 1998. Alternative Medicine The Risks of Untested
and Unregulated
Remedies. The New England Journal of
Medicine.339:12