Grammar Present Perfect vs Past Simple

Look at the examples:

Olha para os exemplos:
1. Ive never visited so many interesting places before in my
whole life.
Eu nunca visitei tantos lugares interessantes antes na
minha vida toda.

2. One day my life changed and I decided that it was time

to do it.
Um dia a minha vida mudou e eu decidi que estava na
hora de o fazer.

Use:
Usa:
1. Present Perfect
Presente Perfeito
time until now
tempo at agora
>---------------------------------------<
Past
Now
Passado
Agora

2. Past Simple
Passado Simples
finished time
tempo concludo
>----------------------------------------<
Past
Now
Passado
Agora

Present Perfect
When the time period has not finished - Quando o perodo
de tempo no
estava
acabado.

Past Simple
When the time period has finished - Quando o perodo de
tempo estava
concludo.

Example Exemplo
1. She has gone to Verona.
Ela foi para Verona.
2. She went to Verona.
Ela foi a Verona.

Present Perfect
When giving recente news Ao dar noticias recentes

Past Simple
When giving older information / news - Quando d
informaes / notcias
mais antigas.

Example Exemplo
1. I have already seen this film.
Eu j tenho visto este filme.

2. I saw this film last week.

Eu vi este filme na semana passada.

Present Perfect
When the time is not specific Quando o tempo no
especfico

Past Simple
When the time is clear - Quando o tempo estiver limpo.

Example Exemplo
1. I havent seen her for a long time.
Eu no a vi por muito tempo.
2. I saw her yesterday.
Eu vi-a ontem.

Present Perfect
In questions - Em perguntas.

Past Simple
In questions - Em perguntas.

Example Exemplo
1. Have you ever been to London ?
J estiveste em Londres ?
2. Did you visit Buckingham Palace ?
Visitaste Buckingham Palace?

Form:
Formato:
Present Perfect : have / has ( havent / hasnt ) + past
participle of the
main verb
Presente Perfeito: have / has (have not / have not) +
particpio passado do
verbo principal

Past Simple : did / didnt + infinitive of the main verb

Passado Simples: did / did not + infinitivo do verbo principal

Signal words Palavras de sinalizao

Present Perfect:
For = a period of time
Para = um perodo de tempo
Since = a point in the past
Desde = um ponto no passado
Just = a short time ago
Somente / apenas = h pouco tempo atrs
Already = before you expected ( happened earlier )
J = antes do que se esperava ( aconteceu mais cedo )
Ever = in interrogative sentences
Sempre = em frases interrogativas
Never = in affirmative sentences with negative meaning
Nunca = em frases afirmativas com significado negativo

Yet = until now

Ainda = at agora
Today
Hoje

Lately / recently
Recentemente

This week / month / year

Esta semana / este ms / este ano
quo longo

So far
To longe
How long
Quo mais /

Past Simple:
Yesterday
Ontem
Last week
A semana passada
A month ago
Um ms atrs
In 2014
Em 2014
The other day
O outro dia

Exercicios:
1.Complete the chart . Follow the example.
Complete o grfico. Siga o exemplo.
Infinite
Simple

Present Perfect

I / be
Eu / estar

I have been
Eu estive

Past

I was
Eu fui

She / Know
knew
ela / saber
soube

She has known

She

Ela tem sabido

Ela

They / not see

didnt see
Eles / no ver
no viram

They havent seen

They

Eles no tem visto

Eles

We / go
went
Ns / ir
fomos
He / not meet
didnt meet
Ele / no conhecer
conheceu

We have gone

We

Ns temos ido

Ns

He hasnt met
Ele no tem conhecido

He
Ele no

2. Past Simple or Present Perfect ? Complete with the right

verb tense.
Passado Simples ou Presente Perfeito? Complete com o
tempo correto
do verbo.
a) for, since, how long are signal words for Present
Perfect
so palavras de sinal para
b) ago, is a signal word for Past Simple
uma palavra-sinal para
c) yesterday , last week and in 2014 are signal words
for Past Simple

so
palavras de sinal para
d) just , already, yet are signal words for Present Perfect
so palavras de sinal para

3. Complete the dialogue writing the verbs into the correct

tense. Past Simple or Present Perfect ?
Complete o dilogo escrevendo os verbos no tempo
correto. Passado Simples ou Presente Perfeito?
Marco: Hello, Maria, I didn t expect ( not / expect ) to see
you here .
Ol, Maria, eu no esperava ver-te aqui.
Maria: Oh, well I have been ( be ) here for quite a while now.
Oh, bem, eu tenho estado aqui por um bom tempo
agora.

Marco: When did you arrive ( you / arrive ) ?

Quando chegaste?
Maria: Just after lunch. I have travelled ( travel ) by train
since 6 a.m.
Logo aps o almoo. Tenho viajado de comboio
desde 6:00.
Marco: Did Patrick pick ( pick ) you up at the station?
O Patrick apanhou-te na estao?
Maria: No, he didnt answer ( not / answer ) the phone. I m
worried about
him.
No, ele no atendeu o telefone. Estou preocupada
com ele.

Marco: Have you already had ( have ) lunch? You look

hungry.
Tu j almoaste ? Pareces com fome.
Maria: Oh, thats not true. I ate ( eat ) some pie and drank
( drink ) an
orange juice.
Oh, isso no verdade. Eu comi um pouco de torta
e bebi um
sumo de laranja.
Marco : Thats fine, then ! And what about Jennifer ? Why
hasnt she come
( not / come ) ?
Isso bom, ento ! E a Jennifer? Porque no tem
ela vindo?
Maria: Well, she woke up ( wake up ) not feeling good and
she couldnt
come.
Bem, ela acordou a no se sentir bem e ela no
podia vir.

3. Right or ( V ) or wrong ( X )? Correct the wrong ones.

a) My friend Ana is a writer . She has wrote many books
about studying abroad.
X she has written Ela escreveu
b) Vera and I didnt go to a summer school last year.
V didnt go last year No fomos ano passado.
c) How long did they stayed there?
X - have they stayed? H quanto tempo eles ficaram
l?
d) We are ready for school. We already finish our summer
camp.
X have already finished ns j terminamos

e) Where have you been last night ?

V last night a noite passada
f) The students havent done anything today and dont
realise what happened.
X and I didnt realise what happened no fizeram
nada e eu no percebi o que aconteceu.
g) How long did the students wait for the teacher?
V - did the students ? Quanto tempo os alunos
esperaram ?
h) Maria has never visited so many interesting places
before.
V- has never visited nunca visitou
i) Last night