CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Problem
Speaking is one of the most demanding skills in the daily life, every person
needs to communicate with others through speaking. Speaking plays an important
role in making a social insteraction with another people in order to gain information.
Thus, it is necessary for every people to have a good speaking skill as the needs of
English increase over the year, people do not only communicate with people who
come from the same country, but also with different countries.
In order to be able to convey meaning and talk to people around the world,
they must be able to speak English since it is an international language. Due to its
importance,it is very reasonable why English as a foreign language is taught as a
compulsory subject from the elementary level to the university level.
Egan (1999:277) stated that speaking is at the heart of second language
learning but has been somewhat ignored in teaching and testing for a number of
logistical reasons. Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) can give speaking a central
role in language.
Teaching English in any level, always involves four basic skills. They are
listening, reading writing and speaking. However, in using English to communicate
one another, we often use it orally or speaking, than the other skills. If you have
learned a language other than your own, which of the four skills listening ,speaking,
reading or writing did you find to be the hardest? Many people feel that speaking in

a new languages harder than reading,writing, or listening for two reasons. Firts ,
unlike reading, or writing, speaking happens in real time, usually the person you are
talking to, is waiting for you to speak . Second, when you speak, you cannot edit or
revise what you wish to say, as you can if you are writing
Base on the statements above, the writer can conclude that speaking is an
activity involving 2 or more people in which the participants are both the listeners
and the speakers having to act what they listen and make their contribution at high
speed becuase speaking is communicaton, if we would like to make our speaking
fluent we must always practice talking everytime and everywhere.
According Hoge (1996:1) you speak English automatically when your speech
is effortless. You speak uent English when the words come out of your mouth-without translation and without hesitation.

Sometimes this is called thinking in

English, but truly automatic speech is even faster than that-- there is no thinking.
You dont think about the language at all- you just speak as easily and effortlessly as
you do with your native language.
Learning English as a foreign language is not an easy task for many students.
In the early months of studying English I noticed that many of my classmates have
difficulties in speaking English accurately and fluently, they dont speak English as it
should be. A few years later many of them still have the same problems, there is no
progression or improvement. Why thats problem happen is caused the students do
not contributed and followed the process , they just looked on forward but their mind
at outside. Possiblity ,the student do not have stimulation in learning english, exactly

speaking. The student do not pay attention to the teacher, not enthuastic to the subject
matter, getting bored soon, uninteresting with english subject, dont paticipate with
teachers instruction, and then a few of them look sleepy during the instruction
process.
All of them happen because of the teachers monotounous an inappropriate
teaching techniques, they are always exposed to the monotonous instruction in
teaching, therefore students dont participate. The instruction proccess always keep
happens even though the students dont show their interesting in the classroom
activity, actually the students just need stimulation to study so that can follow the
process enjoyably.
In fact, in education it is the duty of the teacher to look for strategies that may
help students to achieve better and to reach the required level in speaking, for that and
as a future teacher I would like to try about a strategy to enhance speaking capacities
of foreign language learners. With the rapid growth and availability of technology,
language teachers are incorporating different additional aids along with the text books
to teach speaking. Different electronic boards, overhead transparency, multimedia
projector, computer, audio and video equipment are making the language teachers
task easier and dynamic. I find it crucial to spot the light on the use of audiovisual
aids as an effective strategy to enhance teaching and learning speaking English in this
modest research.
According to Daniel (2003:3811) English is a foreign language, students
cannot understand it as they understand their mother-tongue. Therefore, teaching of

English becomes difficult for us. In the teaching of language, the main purpose of the
use of audio-visual aids is to enable the teacher to make his lessons effective and
interesting. In teaching English the teacher uses the direct method. Therefore, it is for
the teacher to give a clear idea to the students through audio-visual aids. Such type of
teaching makes the idea permanent in the pupils mind. Books and other printed
materials have been the basic tools of teaching for centuries, and they are still of great
importance. History suggests that the basic conditions which strongly encouraged
study and experimentation with visual aids were excessive verbalization in teaching.
We assumed that if the teacher uses and stimulate his/her students to use audio-visual
aids, classroom speaking skill will be: interesting, challenging, and motivating to
watch and then the impact students speaking will be inproving. Finaly, the use of
audio visual aids is a necessity that makes language learning and teaching easy,
effective and enjoyable. According to Wright (1976:1) many media and many styles
of visual presentation are useful to the language learner.
Serb (1962:1) thus far we have suggested that audio visual aids are a valuable
tool for the planner, we have briefly difined audio-visual aids and the more important
pieces of audio visual equipment.
Daniel (2003:3811) to convey some concepts more effectively and
successfully to students, the teacher takes help of some instructional aids, such aids
are called audio- visual aids. Such aids can serve many a purposes in teaching of
English. The effectiveness of teaching aid implies its relevance to the teaching point,
achievement of some instructional objective and appropriate use.

1.2 Identification of the Problem

Based on the background above , we can see the problems are focused on
1)
2)
3)
4)

Students do not have progression or improvement in speaking

Students do nott have stimulation in learning speaking
One method used by the teacher may be not effective
The students do not participate with instruction of the teacher, a few of
students look sleepy during the instruction proccess

1.3 Limitation of the Problem

Based on problems are described above, it will be limited to find out the
students progression to speak by using audio visual aids in teaching speaking

1.4 Formulation of theProblem

The problems of this research are formulated as follows :
1)
2)

What is the students stimulated in learning speaking by using audio visual aids?
What do the students get progress to speak by using audio visual aids?

1.5 Objective of the Study

This experiments will be conducted to achieve certain purposes of the first
year SMAN-1 labuhan deli and then the objective of research are as follow;
1)
2)

To find out students stimulation in speaking by using audio visual aids

To know the significant students progress in speaking by using audio visual
aids.

1.6 Significance of the Research

The findings of this study are expected to be useful theoretically and

practically:
1)

Theoretically:
To enrich strategy in teaching speaking and to add more references
about strategy in teaching.

2)

Practically:
1.6.2.1 For teacher, as an input to increase the quality of teaching speaking.
1.6.2.2 For students, to overcome their difficulties in speaking and learning
easier and enjoyably by using Audio Visual Aids
1.6.2.3 For other reseacher, to add reference for further research in teaching
speaking more creative
1.7 Hypothesis
Hypothesis is a prediction or tentative answer of the research problem until it
proves through the data collected.
Based on the problem of the study, the hypothesis of the reearch as the
following:
Ha

: there is a significant progression to speak through the use of

audio visual aids

Ho

: there is no significant progression to speak through the use

of audio visual aids