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NAME : XXXX
CLASS : 4 XXXX
YEAR : 2010

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CHEMISTRY AND ITS IMPORTANCE

c What is chemistry ?
The word chemistry comes from the earlier study
alchemy, which is an art of transforming common
metals such as lead into precious metals, such as gold
and silver. Although no one ever succeded in doing
so, substance like mercury, sulphur, antimony and
phosphorus, and processes like purification and
distillation were discovered.
Anyway, chemistry is defined as the study of the
composition, structure, properties, and interactions of
matter.

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 c Common chemicals used in daily life

Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass.

All matter is considered as chemical.

Common chemicals Uses of common chemicals

Baking powder(sodium bicarbonate) Raises the dough for bread making

Lime (calcium oxide) Reduces the acidity of soil

Marbles tiles(calcium carbonate) Flooring in our house

Nail varnish removal(propanone) Removes nail varnish

PVC(Polyvinly chloride) Pipe, electrical insulators

Soap(sodium stearate) Soap used in bathing

Table salt(sodium chloride) Gives salty taste

Preserves food
Vinegar(dilute ethanoic acid)

*Example of some common chemicals and their uses

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Careers that use chemistry

Many professions require the knowledge

chemistry. Chemist is among the careers that
relies 100% on chemistry knowledge. Chemist do
analysis works in laboratories and carry out
researches to produce new materials to improve
our quality of life.

Field Career Scope of job

Agriculture Aquaculturist >Study the ways of growing
aquatic organism
Horticulturist >Study or practice the ways
of growing fruits, flowers
and vegetables.
Medicinal Doctor >Treat people who are ill
and injured
Pharmacist >Prescribe medicines in a
shop or hospital or create
new drugs to cure diseases
Veterinarian >Treat animals which are ill
or injured

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 Industry Nutritionist >Study the nutritional value
of food


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c >Study the correct mixture
of flavours, antioxidants,
colourings, stabilizers,
thickners and preservatives





c >Study the use of living cells
and bacteria in industrial
and scientific process
Education Lecturer >Teach chemistry related
topics in universities,
colleges and matriculation
Teacher >Teach chemistry in school

General Geologist >Study the chemical

elements present in the
earth samples
Hazardous materials expert >Have information on
thousands of types of
chemicals and how they
react with people, fire and
air
>Help the fire fighters to
evacuate people, tell them
how to contain the
unidentified chemicals
*Example of careers and their scope of jobs

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 c Chemical-based industries in Malaysia and their
contribution

Malaysia has great number of chemical-based industries.

Petroleum, natural gas, rubber and oil palm are among the
important industries in Malaysia.

Chemical-based industries Product

Petroleum Liquefied natural gas, gasoline,
kerosene, bitumen
Rubber Rubber glove, footwear, tyre,
condom
Palm oil Margarine, cooking oil, raw material
for manufacturing soap, detergent,
cosmetic and lubricant
Petrochemical Plastic, raincoat, pail, and other
plastic ware
Inorganic chemical Chlorine, caustic soda, bleaching
agent
Paint Paint, varnish, dye
Agricultural chemical and fertiliser Fertiliser, pesticide
Soap and detergent Soap, detergent
Cosmetic Cosmetic
Pharmaceutical Drugs used in medicine

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 c Chemical-based industries are very important in

c Producing new materials to improve our quality of life.

c Providing job opportunities.

c Earning foreign exchange at which it contributes to the

economy of the country.

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 c Scientific method

The scientific method involves the following steps :

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