Stephen Flowers

Stephen Edred Flowers (born May 5, 1953), commonly

known as Stephen E. Flowers, and also by the pennames Edred Thorsson, and Darban-i-Den, is a former
American professor, scholar, runologist, runosophist,
goi[1][2] and proponent of occultism, Odianism, esoteric
runosophy, Germanic mysticism, Asatru, and Mazdaism,
being instrumental in the early establishment of the Germanic Neopagan movement in North America and has
also been very active in Left-Hand Path occult organizations. He has over three dozen published books and hundreds of published papers and translations on a disparate
range of subjects. Flowers advocates "Esoteric Runology and runosophy" and "Odianism" (occultist aspects
of Germanic Neopaganism).[3]

skeppslag (later kindred) of the AFA. In 1980 he was

initiated as a goi by Stephen A. McNallen.
In Yule-Tide 1979/80 Flowers founded the Rune-Gild,
an initiatory order focused on the revival of the elder
Runic tradition, advocating runic magic. Flowers currently is the executive ocer, or Yrmin-Drighten, of the
Rune-Gild. In 1981-1982 he studied the history of occultism and academic runology at the University of Gttingen, Germany under Klaus Dwel.
Sometime during late 1981 and 1983 he became associated with the Armanen Orden, attending their gatherings
at an ancient castle in central Germany, but was never
formally or ritually initiated in any of their rites. Contact
was again made with the Burggesellschaft.

On November 11, 1983 he founded a small group to explore what he saw as the dark, futuristic undercurrent of
1 Background
Odinism called The Order of Shining Trapezohedron or
O.S.T. (Order of the Shining Trapezoid) which closed
The Bonham, Texas-born scholar was the only son of on January 13, 1984.
Betty Jane Eden, daughter of Edred Cosgrove Eden
(1888-1945) who is said to belong to the same house as Flowers received his Ph.D. in Germanic Languages and
Lord Avon, Anthony Eden, and was a Mason and knight Medieval Studies in 1984 with a dissertation entitled
Runes and Magic: Magical Formulaic Elements in the Elof the KKK. In 1960 his family moved to Dallas.
der Tradition, and began his career as a university lecIn September 1971 Flowers left for Germany, where he turer. From 1984-1989 he was a lecturer in the departspent his rst two months there studying at the Goethe ments of English and Germanic Languages at the UniverInstitut in Prien am Chiemsee and traveling around cen- sity of Texas.
tral Europe. At the Institut he became involved in the
Sadean world of the Chateau Society (Burggesellschaft) In February 1984 he became a member of the Temple
and in the Order of the Trapezoid (Triskelenorden), and of Set, being recognized to the Second Degree of Adept
was sworn to secrecy regarding these matters for 18 years. and to the Priesthood (III) on October 7, 1984. On
November 14, 1986 he was recognized as a Magister
Returning to Dallas, Flowers attended the Bryan Adams Templi (IV). In November 1987 the AFA (old AFA)
High School (class of 1971 (September 1972-May collapsed, and on December 20, Thorsson founded the
1973)). He joined the Church of Satan in 1972 though he Ring of Troth.
reportedly never became involved with the organization
The leadership fell to James Allen Chisholm, with Thorsbeyond receiving their newsletter, The Cloven Hoof.
son remaining as a spiritual advisor. In 1989 Meek and
In the summer of 1974 Flowers moved to Austin and did others began a hate campaign again Thorsson, exposing
his graduate work in Germanic and Celtic philology under him of practicing dark arts and being a member of the
professor and scholar Edgar Polom at the University of Temple of Set, although this was well known within the
Texas at Austin from 1973-1984.
Asatru community and was never a secret. In the SumIn 1978 Flowers joined the Asatru Free Assembly (old mer of 1990 he was recognized to the Fifth Degree of
AFA) where he was one of the earliest members, with the Temple of Set. The O.S.T. served as a segue into
membership number 072. In May 1979 he received an his involvement with the Temple of Set, an organization
M.A. degree with a thesis entitled Rebirth and Rites of in which he currently holds the degree of Ipsissimus VI.
Transformation in the Saga of Sigurr Sigmundarson, Within the Temple of Set he served as Grand Master of
(This was later released on a limited basis within the the Order of the Trapezoid from January 1987 until June
Rune-Gild under the title Sigurr, Rebirth and Initiation, 1996. In 1990 he met his soon to be future wife, Crystal
and republished as Sigurr: Rebirth and the Rites of Dawn. It was also during this time that the 18-year ban
Transformation in 2015), and also founded the Austin on manifestation of the Order of the Triskelion (Triske1

3 CONTROVERSY

lenorden) was lifted - an organization for the practice of ated a new organization called the Runic Brotherhood.[16]
operant Sadeanism and Carnal Alchemy, founded in early Flowers was last known to be teaching Classical Philology
1991 by Thorsson and Dawn.
at Austin Community College.
In March 1992 the administrative power of the Ring Flowers is currently director of the Woodharrow Instiof Troth was handed over to Prudence Priest and a full
tute of Germanic Studies and former owner and operator
contingency of Rede members by Chisholm, which gave of Rna-Raven Press, which he states, The mission of
Thorsson the ability to spend most of his time to matRna-Raven goes beyond mere book-selling the purters pertaining to the Rune-Gild. In 1993 Thorsson and pose of Rna-Raven is transformative. Transformation
Dawn bought 30 acres of wilderness east of Austin and occurs when knowledge is put into action. But for the
adjacent to Buescher State Park, named Woodharrow, on changes to be strong and true, the knowledge must be acwhich the future history of the Gild and of the many of curate. Therefore, we constantly attempt to bring increasThorssons many other undertakings would be written. At ing amounts of the highest quality scholarship exoteric
the end of 1993 they moved to Woodharrow and over the and esoteric to you. Rna-Raven to provide a knowlnext two years built up the physical facilities on the land edgeable reading public with the best material and most
where a meeting hall was erected and completed in 1996. reliable service in a variety of cutting edge elds with
In 1993 the publishing company Rna-Raven Press formerly began and continued to develop over the years. In
the Spring of 1995, due to inner turmoil, Thorsson withdrew from any involvement with the Ring of Troth. In
August 1995 he and Dawn traveled to Iceland and England to strengthen the work of the Gild. In April 1996
Thorsson retired from his position as Grand Master of the
Order of the Trapezoid in order to focus more intently on
Rune-Gild matters.[1][2][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]

a concentration in the areas of Germanic lore and magic

as well as left-hand path studies. Rna-Ravens mission
is to publish deeper level works in the Germanic tradition
that larger and more commercial houses will not print.

After issues surrounding and damage done to RnaRaven Press in 2011, Flowers was sued by friend and
business partner Waldo Thompson, which resulted in
closing operations on September 20, 2012,[2][11][12][13]
Flowers later established Lodestar, a project growing to
ever expanding levels of communication for the ideas and
practices of the Indo-European, Germanic, Mazdan and
Left Hand Path traditions and being the legitimate inheritors of the mission of Runa-Raven Press.[14] registering the website on May 31, 2014 by registrant, Edward
Flowers.

In addition to being a prolic writer, Flowers is known

for translating obscure texts and manuscripts written in
Icelandic, Old Norse and German into English, making
many of them available to a wider range of readers.

As reported in February 2015, the Woodharrow Institute

is still in operation, but as a subsidiary of the Occidental
Temple of the Wise Lord and has expanded its mission to
the study of all Indo-European traditions, with an emphasis on the Germanic, Celtic, and Iranian.[2] Flowers has
also developed a temple, Occidental Temple of the Wise
Lord, for the establishment of a restored Indo-European
religion. This is based on the prophetic insight of the ancient priest Zarathustra who lived in Central Asia almost
four thousand years ago. It is completely universal in its
appeal. This is the mission of our most ancient ancestors
to the whole wide world. Flowers, as Darban I Den, has
also written the foundational book for the religious organization known as the Occidental Temple of the Wise
Lord.[15]

2 Work

3 Controversy
In 1989, Flowers was expelled from the Odinic Rite
(OR)[17] following his Open Letter to the Leadership of
the Asatru/Odinist/Troth Movement [18] wherein he detailed his involvement with the Temple of Set. Thorsson later responded in full to this condemnation by the
OR.[19][20][21][22][23]

Sweyn Plowright, a former member of the Rune Gild

who resigned from the organization in 2000,[24][25] has
referred to the philosophy of Flowers as being neoSatanic" and antinomian.[26] As with others, he has propagated the belief that Flowers writings on Runes and Germanic Native Faith (Asatru/Odinism) is polluted with
Setian/Satanic philosophy and ideals. Flowers has responded to these accusations,[19][27][28][29][30][31] as have
others.[1] Flowers has also stated that he is "... not a Satanist but may be characterized as a practitioner of the
left-hand path based on purely indigenous Indo-European
[32]
February 2015 also saw the announcement that prisoners models.
will no longer be able to actively participate in the Rune- He has also been criticized by Freya Aswynn.[33]
Gild, due to the institutions reformation in that the system
As of September 20, 2012, Flowers publishing house,
is based on personal, face-to-face interaction and comRna-Raven Press, ceased operations due to damage
munication, as well as the establishment of local Halls.
done to the business in 2011.[11][12][13] Flowers was sued
To ll the need of incarcerated Runers, Thorsson generby friend and business partner, Waldo Thompson.

Partial bibliography
A Primer of Rune Magic, 1975 (unpublished)[1]
Rebirth and Rites of Transformation in the Saga of
Sigurr Sigmundarson (M.A. degree thesis, 1979).
This was later released on a limited basis within the
Rune-Gild under the title Sigurr, Rebirth and Initiation in 1985. It was later republished as Sigurr:
Rebirth and the Rites of Transformation, Lodestar,
copyright 2015 (preface refers to 2011 edition and
written January 13, 2011. Not published until 2015
due to the destruction of Rna-Raven Press).
Runes and Magic: Magical Formulaic Elements in
the Elder Runic Tradition, May 1984 (Flowers Ph.D
doctoral dissertation paper). Republished in hardback by Peter Lang Publishing, December 31, 1986,
ISBN 0-8204-0333-4 (250 copies of this work were
printed in a prohibitively expensive edition). Revised and expanded in a third edition on May 1,
2011 (Amazon details), by Lodestar, but preface is
to the Second Edition, dated February 2009, and
copyright 2014. Maybe not published until 2014
due to the destruction of Rna-Raven Press. ISBN
1-8859-7232-6.

of appendices which contains magical material from

other Icelandic books of magic (galdrabkur) as
well as spells from other Germanic areas. This is the
hardcore traditional bedrock upon which the 2016
book Icelandic Magic: The Mystery and Power of
the Galdrabk Grimoire by Flowers and published
by Inner Traditions is based.)
Fire and Ice: Magical Teachings of Germanys
Greatest Secret Occult Order, Llewellyn (Teutonic
Magick Series) 1990, 1995. Reprinted & retitled
The Fraternitas Saturni or Brotherhood of Saturn:
An Introduction to its History, Philosophy, and Rituals, Rna-Raven Press, 2006
(ed./trans.) The Secret of the Runes by Guido von
List, Destiny Books (Inner Traditions), 1988. ISBN
0-89281-207-9
The Nine Doors of Midgard, Llewellyn (Teutonic Magick Series) 1991, ISBN 0-87542-7812. Reprinted & retitled as The Nine Doors of
Midgard: A Curriculum of Rune-Work, Rna-Raven
Press, 1997 (second revised edition), 2003 ISBN 1885972-23-7.

Futhark: A Handbook of Rune Magic, Red

Wheel/Weiser, 1984 ISBN 0-87728-548-9

Northern Magic: Mysteries of the Norse, Germans

& English, Llewellyn, 1992. Reprinted & retitled
Northern Magic: Rune Mysteries and Shamanism,
Llewellyn, 1998 ISBN 1-56718-709-9

Runelore: A Handbook of Esoteric Runology, Red

Wheel/Weiser, 1987 ISBN 0-87728-667-1

Book of Ogham: The Celtic Tree Oracle, Llewellyn,

1992 ISBN 0-9754278-4-9

At The Well of Wyrd, Red Wheel/Weiser, 1988;

reprinted and re-titled Runecasters Handbook: The
Well of Wyrd, 1999 ISBN 1-57863-136-X

(ed./trans.) Rune-Magic by Siegfried Adolf Kummer, Rna-Raven Press, 1993. ISBN 1-885972-008

The Truth about Teutonic Magic, Llewellyn, 1989

(Teutonic Magick Series)

Green Rna - The Runemasters Notebook: Shorter

Works of Edred Thorsson, Volume I (1978-1985),
Rna-Raven Press, 1993. Second improved and expanded edition 1996. ISBN 1-885972-03-2

Rune Might: Secret Practices of the German Rune

Magicians, Llewellyn (Teutonic Magick Series),
1989, 1990 (corrected edition). Rna-Raven Press,
2004 (Revised and Expanded Second Edition).
A Book of Troth, Llewellyn, 1989, 1992 (Teutonic
Magick Series). Rna-Raven Yrmin-Edition 2003
ISBN 0-87542-777-4
(ed./trans.) The Galdrabk: An Icelandic Grimoire,
Red Wheel/Weiser, September 1989, ISBN 087728-685-X; Revised translation by Rna-Raven
Press, 2005 as Galdrabk: An Icelandic Book of
Magic, ISBN 1885972431 (this second edition includes a completely revised translation and the explanatory notes have been doubled. The text consists
of a substantial topical introduction that covers the
history, theory and practice if magic in Iceland in
the medieval and early modern periods. This is followed by the translation of the Galdrabk itself with
copious explanatory notes. There are also a number

Rune-Song Book & CD, Rna-Raven Press, 1993.

An Introduction to the Germanic Tradition, RnaRaven Press, 1994
Black Rna - Being the Shorter Works of Stephen
Edred Flowers: Produced for the Order of the Trapezoid of the Temple of Set (1985-1989), Rna-Raven
Press, 1995
Carnal Alchemy: A Sado-Magical Exploration of
Pleasure, Pain and Self-Transformation, RnaRaven Press, 1995, 2001. Republished in 2013
by Inner Traditions as Carnal Alchemy: SadoMagical Techniques for Pleasure, Pain and SelfTransformation. (with Crystal Dawn Flowers)
Hermetic Magic: The Postmodern Magical Papyrus
of Abaris, Red Wheel/Weiser, 1995 ISBN 0-87728828-3

4 PARTIAL BIBLIOGRAPHY
Rnarml I - The Runa Talks: Summer 1991ev,
Rna-Raven Press, 1996
(ed./trans.) The Invincible by Guido von List, RnaRaven Press, 1996
Lords of the Left-Hand Path: A History of Spiritual
Dissent, Rna-Raven Press, 1997. Republished as
Lords of the Left-Hand Path: Forbidden Practices
& Spiritual Heresies - From the Cult of Set to the
Church of Satan, Inner Traditions, 2012
Johannes Bureus and Adalruna: Being a Study Toward the Delineation of the Historical Movement Toward the Northern Dawn Vol. 1, Rna-Raven Press,
1998

A Source-Book of Seid (with James Chisholm),

Rna-Raven Press, 2002.
(ed./trans.) The EDDA as Key to the Coming Age by
Peryt Shou, Rna-Raven Press, 2004
(ed./trans.) The Religion of the Aryo-Germanic Folk:
Esoteric and Exoteric by Guido von List, RnaRaven Press, 2005
The Magian Tarok: The Key Linking the Mithraic,
Greek, Roman Hebrew and Runic Traditions with
that of the Tarot, Rna-Raven Press, 2006.
Lodestar, 2015

(ed./trans.) Ibn Fadlan's Travel Report As it Concerns the Scandinavian Rs: Introduction and Commentary, Rna-Raven Press, 1998

Symbel: A Journal of Early Germanic Studies, Issue

1 (Fall 2006), The Woodharrow Institute for Germanic and Runic Studies, 2006

Witchdom of the True: A Study of the Vana-Troth

and the Practice of Seidr, Rna-Raven Press, 1998

Mainstays from Rune-Kevels, Volume 1 (19931998), Rna-Raven Press, 2006

(ed./trans.) A Concise Edition of Old English Runic

Inscriptions, Rna-Raven Press; Reprint edition,
1999
Wendish Mythology: Divinities and Religious Traditions of the Western Slavs, Rna-Raven Press, 1999.
Republished by Lodestar, May 5, 2015.
Studia Germanica, Volume I, Rna-Raven Press,
2000
(ed./trans.) Strange Tales by Hanns Heinz Ewers,
Rna-Raven Press, 2000
Blue Rna: Edreds Shorter Works Vol. III (19881994), Rna-Raven Press, 2001
Red Rna: Shorter Works Vol. IV (1987-2001),
Rna-Raven Press, 2001
(ed./trans.) The Secret King: Karl Maria Wiligut
- Himmlers Lord of the Runes, Dominion/RnaRaven Press, 2001 (ed., trans., and introduced.
Limited and hand numbered) ISBN 1-885972-21-0
(Clothbound hardcover). Paperback edition of original hardcover print, Dominion/Rna-Raven Press,
2001. Updated, retitled and republished as, The Secret King: The Myth and Reality of Nazi Occultism,
Feral House, 2007. (with Michael Moynihan)
True Brothers: A Guide to the Practice of Asatru in
Prison, Rna-Raven Press, 2002, 2010. Lodestar,
2015.
(ed./trans.) The Synagogue of Satan by Stanisaw
Przybyszewski, Rna-Raven Press, 2002
(ed./trans.) The Rune-Poems, Vol I: Introduction, Texts, Translations and Glossary, Rna-Raven
Press, 2002. ISBN 1-885972-19-9

The Northern Dawn - A History of the Reawakening of the Germanic Spirit, Volume 1: From the Twilight of the Gods to the Sun at Midnight, Rna-Raven
Press, 2006 (preface 2003).
History of the Rune-Gild, Volume III: The Reawakening of the Gild (1980-2005), Smithville, Texas:
Rune-Gild, 2007
The Mysteries of the Goths, Rna-Raven Press, 2007
(Limited numbered and signed rst edition of 500.
Bound in purple with silver ink).
Freemasonry and the Germanic Tradition, RnaRaven Press, 2008
(ed./trans.) The Practice of the Ancient Turkish Freemasons by Rudolf von Sebottendorf, RnaRaven Press, March 3, 2011. Republished and retitled as Secret Practices of the Su Freemasons: The
Islamic Teachings at the Heart of Alchemy, Inner
Traditions, January 17, 2013.
ALU, An Advanced Guide to Operative Runology,
Red Wheel/Weiser, Dec 19, 2012
The Good Religion: The Occidental Temple of the
Wise Lord, Lodestar, March 20, 2014
Rnarml II : Essays Out of Time, Lodestar, September 20, 2014
Icelandic Magic: The Mystery and Power of the
Galdrabk Grimoire, Inner Traditions, January 22,
2016

4.1

Other published works

Revival of Germanic Religion in Contemporary

Anglo-Saxon American Culture, Mankind Quarterly
21:3 (1981), pp. 279-294.

[5] Flowers, Stephen (1995). Black Rna: Being the Shorter

Works of Stephen Edred Flowers Produced for the Order
of the Trapezoid of the Temple of Set (1985-1989). p. 11.
[6] Runes: The Journal of the Order of the Trapezoid Vol
XIV Number 2

Toward an Archaic Germanic Psychology, Journal

of Indo-European Studies 11:1-2 (1983), pp. 117138

[7] Kaplan, Jerey; Radical Religion in America: Millenarian

Movements from the Far Right to the Children of Noah,
Syracuse University Press, 1997. pp. 21-29, 159-160.

(ed./trans.) Religious Sculpture in Roman Germania

and Adjacent Regions by Peter Buchholz, Journal of
Indo-European Studies, 12: 1-2 (1984), 31-75

[8] Gardell, Mattias; Gods of the Blood: The Pagan Revival

and White Separatism, Duke University Press, 2003. pp.
19, 162-164, 284, 286, 321-323.

The Way of Wodan, Gnosis, 9 (Fall 1988), 30-35

FringeWare Review Magazine Issue #3, 27 January
1994: The Secret of the Gothick God of Darkness or
October 31, 1994 in Fringeware Review #6(66).
Utgard Magazine of Northern Traditions, Issue #3,
September 1998, published by Skergard. The Secret
of the Gothick God of Darkness. (alternative link)
Rna Journal: Exploring Northern European Myth,
Mystery and Magic, Rune-Gild, London. Edited by
Ian Read
Tyr: Myth-Culture-Tradition Volume I: The Idea of
Integral Culture: A model for a Revolt Against the
Modern World, 2002 ISBN 0-9720292-0-6

[9] Lewis, James R.; Magical Religion and Modern

Witchcraft, State University of New York Press, 1996.
pp. 197, 210, 213-224.
[10] Betty A. Dobratz, Stephanie L. Shanks-Meile; White
Power, White Price! The White Separatist Movement in
the United States, Twayne Publishers, 1997. pp. 138,
142.
[11] https://runaraven.com/runa-raven-closing-9202012
[12] http://web.archive.org/web/20031205112939/http:
//www.runaraven.com/
[13] https://weihekrieger.wordpress.com/2012/08/17/
on-runa-raven-press-going-out-of-business/
[14] http://seekthemystery.com

Tyr: Myth-Culture-Tradition Volume II: The First [15] http://seekthemystery.com/mazdan-studies

Northern Renaissance: The Reawakening of the Germanic Spirit in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Cen- [16] The Runic Brotherhood is an initiatory school of Runic
Knowledge based on the Viking Age lore of the Younger
turies in Germany, Sweden and England, 2004 ISBN
Futhark. It stems from the same esoteric stream as the
0-9720292-1-4
(ed./trans.) On Magical Runes by Magnus Olsen,
Symbel (1: 2006), pp. 27-47
Tyr: Myth-Culture-Tradition Volume III: The Spear
of Destiny, 2007 ISBN 0-9720292-3-0

References

[1] Chisholm, James Allen; Appendix A, The Awakening

of a Runemaster: The Life of Edred Thorsson, from
Thorsson, Edred; Green Rna - The Runemasters Notebook: Shorter Works of Edred Thorsson Volume I (19781985)", 1993, second improved and expanded edition
1996.
[2] Lodestar IV (February 2015) Newsletter of the emerging enterprise, Lodestar.
[3] Runelore: A Handbook of Esoteric Runology (1987), p.
172.
[4] Flowers, Stephen Edred; Freemasonry and the Germanic
Tradition, Rna-Raven Press, 2008, p. 11

Rune-Gild, but is distinct and separate from it. It is open

to prisoners and is tailored to their needs. The Brotherhood will begin operations on April 30, 2015. To enter
into the Brotherhood send a letter of petition stating your
background and interests along with your rst years dues
of $30.00. Dues will be payable every new year. You
will rst get a Lore-Book to study which contains unique
runelore based on the Viking system. After you have reported on this, you will receive the Work-Book which contains a curriculum of initiatory study. Upon completion
of the course, you will be named a vitki of the Brotherhood and receive a certicate. To register as a member,
send your rst years dues to: LODESTAR at P.O. Box 16,
Bastrop, Texas 78602. - Lodestar IV (February 2015)
Newsletter of the emerging enterprise, Lodestar.

[17] Odinic Rite Brieng No.86, 14 July 1989. See Thorsson, Edred; Appendix 15: - ORBrieng: Condemnation
of Thorsson (part 1, 2) from History of the Rune-Gild,
Volume III: The Reawakening of the Gild (1980-2005),
Smithville, Texas: Rune-Gild, 2007.
[18] Appendix 13: First Response to Attack (part 1, 2, 3).
Scans taken from History of the Rune-Gild, Volume III:
The Reawakening of the Gild (1980-2005), Smithville,
Texas: Rune-Gild, 2007.

[19] Thorsson, Edred; Appendix 16 Response to ORs Condemnation (part 1, 2.) from History of the Rune-Gild,
Volume III: The Reawakening of the Gild (1980-2005),
Smithville, Texas: Rune-Gild, 2007. See also related
"Charitable Status for OR article that the response refers
to.
[20] Thorsson, Edred; The Dark Side from History of the
Rune-Gild, Volume III: The Reawakening of the Gild
(1980-2005), Smithville, Texas: Rune-Gild, 2007. pp.
79-98
[21] Thorsson, Edred; Contra Templum, from Red Rna:
Shorter Works Vol. IV (1987-2001)", Rna-Raven Press,
2001. pp. 33-45.
[22] Appendix 13: First Response to Attack (part 1, 2, 3).
Scans taken from History of the Rune-Gild, Volume III:
The Reawakening of the Gild (1980-2005), Smithville,
Texas: Rune-Gild, 2007.
[23] Appendix 8: Polarian Statement (part 1, 2.) Scans taken
from History of the Rune-Gild, Volume III: The Reawakening of the Gild (1980-2005), Smithville, Texas: RuneGild, 2007
[24] According to Sweyns Authorsden.com prole here
[25] Plowright, Sweyn (2006). The Rune Primer. LuLu. p.
103. ISBN 1-84728-246-6.
[26] Plowright, Sweyn (2006). The Rune Primer. LuLu. pp.
98103. ISBN 1-84728-246-6.
[27] Flowers, Stephen Edred; Rnarml II: Essays Out of
Time, Lodestar, September 20, 2014. Chapter IX: Antinomianism?, pp. 53-58.
[28] Thorsson, Edred; The Dark Side from History of the
Rune-Gild, Volume III: The Reawakening of the Gild
(1980-2005), Smithville, Texas: Rune-Gild, 2007. pp.
79-98
[29] Thorsson, Edred; Contra Templum, from Red Rna:
Shorter Works Vol. IV (1987-2001)", Rna-Raven Press,
2001. pp. 33-45.
[30] Appendix 13: First Response to Attack (part 1, 2, 3).
Scans taken from History of the Rune-Gild, Volume III:
The Reawakening of the Gild (1980-2005), Smithville,
Texas: Rune-Gild, 2007.
[31] Appendix 8: Polarian Statement (part 1, 2.) Scans taken
from History of the Rune-Gild, Volume III: The Reawakening of the Gild (1980-2005), Smithville, Texas: RuneGild, 2007
[32] Flowers, Stephen E.; Introduction, from Lords of the LeftHand Path: A History of Spiritual Dissent, Rna-Raven
Press, 1997. Republished as Lords of the Left-Hand Path:
Forbidden Practices & Spiritual Heresies - From the Cult
of Set to the Church of Satan, Inner Traditions, 2012. p.
2.
[33] Appendix 17: Response to Freya Aswynn (part 1, 2.)
Scans taken from History of the Rune-Gild, Volume III:
The Reawakening of the Gild (1980-2005), Smithville,
Texas: Rune-Gild, 2007.

EXTERNAL LINKS

6 External links
Ocial website
Woodharrow Institute of Germanic Studies
New Ocial Rune Gild website
New Dawn Magazine Wisdom for the Wolf-Age: A
Conversation With Dr. Stephen Flowers - magazine
interview
The Awakening of a Runemaster: The Life of Edred
Thorsson by James Allen Chisholm
Lords of the Left-Hand Path - a conversation with
Dr Stephen E. Flowers, Ph.D. - an interview with
Dr. Flowers, Witchtalk Radio, June 2012
Rna and Initiation - Dr. Stephen E. Flowers, Ph.D
- a 2009 talk given at the Conclave (ToS) held in
Austin, Texas by Dr. Stephen E. Flowers, Ph.D.
(Edred Thorsson) on the concept of Rna and how
it applies to ones initiation.
Old Edred.net website, available via Way Back Machine
Old RuneGild webite, available via Way Back Machine
Old Rna Raven Press website, available through the
Way Back Machine
Temple of Set
Order of the Trapezoid

Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

7.1

Text

Stephen Flowers Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Flowers?oldid=737858577 Contributors: Balanone, Haukurth, Xaven,

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