About the Ballsim_Direct Spreadsheet ...

Scope :
The Ballsim_Direct spreadsheet was designed to simulate the Size-by-Size Mass Balance around any given
Conventional Ball Mill grinding section, of the Direct configuration (see Flowsheet), operating under various conditions,
on the basis of well accepted mathematical models for the grinding and hydroclassification processes.
Theoretical Framework :
- The Grinding Model :
For the simulation of the ball mill response, this routine is based on the so called Modern Theory of Comminution. This
theory introduced two new sets of parameters : the Selection Function S and the Breakage Function B. The first set
also referred to as Grindability relates to the grinding kinetics of each independent particle and the second set also
referred to as Distribution of Primary Fragments characterizes the size distribution of the fragments produced as a
result of breakage events.
The Figure below helps define both concepts with greater clarity. Consider that at any given instant t, the size distribution
of the mineral charge in a hypothetical batch mill is quantified by the fractions f i (i = 1, n) retained on the n different screens
represented on the left of such Figure. After a time interval t, the resulting size distribution is represented on the right of
the same Figure. During this time interval, some particles will be fractured and their fragments redistributed to the lower
screens. For the particles retained on mesh i+1 (the i fraction), the Selection Function Si (min-1) denotes the fractional
breakage velocity; that is, the fraction of the particles in the size range [d i+1 , di] which are fractured, per unit of time.
Therefore, the product (Sit) represents the fraction of the material retained on mesh i+1, at time t, that will be fractured
by the action of the grinding media, during the following time period t. Complementarily, the Breakage Function bij
denotes the fraction, by weight, of the fragments arising from the breakage of the particles retained on mesh j+1 to be
retained on the lower i+1 mesh.

t = t +t

t =t
(1-S 1t) f1

f1
2

S 1t f1

b21S1t f1

f2
3

(1-S 2t) f2
S2t f2

fi

bi2S2t f2

i +1

bn1S1t f1

fn

i +1

bn2S2t f2

n +1

Moly-Cop Tools / 339210382.xls

bi1S1t f1

n +1

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It is customary to define mesh 1 as the coarsest opening and n as the finest opening. Then, by definition :
i+1

Bij =

bkj

(1)

k=n

represents the cummulative fraction of fragments from the breakage of particles retained on mesh j that will become finer
than mesh i.
With reference to the Figure above, it is then possible to establish, for each size fraction i, the following population
balance of particles :
[Particles in fraction i at time (t+t)] = [Particles in fraction i at time t]
- [Particles in fraction i broken during the time interval t]
+ [New particles added to fraction i as a result of the breakage
of particles originally retained in the coarser fractions (j = 1, i-1)]
then, if H represents the total weight of ore in the mill :
fi(t+t) H = fi(t) H - Sitfi(t) H + bi1S1tf1(t) H + bi2S2tf2(t) H + + bi,i-1Si-1tfi-1(t) H

; for i = 1, 2, , n (2)

Considering the limiting condition when t approaches zero, the expression above reduces to the system of first order
differential equations :
1

d(fi)/dt = -Si fi +

bij Sj fj

; for i = 1, 2, , n (3)

j = i-1

which constitutes the General Grinding Model, in its differential form.

The analytical solution of this complex system of differential equations is fortunately known, under the restrictive
assumption that the parameters S and B are invariant with time; so giving rise to particular solution of the general system
denoted Linear Model, which in its matrix form is expressed as :
f = ( T J T-1 ) f

(4)

where :
f = {fi | i = 1, 2, , n} = vector containing the size distribution of the mill discharge (ground product),
f = {fi | i = 1, 2, , n} = vector containing the size distribution of the mill feed,
T = {Tij | i,j = 1, 2, , n} = lower triangular matrix of values T ij recursively defined as :
Tij = 0 ; when i < j
Tij = 1 ; when i = j
i-1

Tij =

( bik Sk Tkj )/( Si Sj )

; when i > j

k=j

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= {Jij | i,j = 1, 2, , n} = diagonal matrix of values Jij defined as :

Jij = exp (-Sit)
; when i = j ( batch grinding)
Jij = (1 + Si/N)-N
; when i = j (continuous grinding)
Jij = 0
; in all other cases

and where - the average mean residence time - and N are parameters characteristic of the Residence Time Distribution
(RTD) of the mineral slurry in the mill, here represented by :
E(t) = [ NN (t/)N-1 / (N) ] exp (-Nt/)

(5)

referred to as the N-Mixers in Series Model and where the parameter N may be approximated by the effective
(Lenght/Diameter) ratio of the mill.
The grinding model parameters (the Selection and Breakage parameters) are different for different particle sizes. Such
dependence is here represented by the following relationships :
- For the Selection Function :
Si = 0 (di*)1 / [ 1 + (di* / dcrit)2 ]

(6)

with :
di* = (di di+1)0.5 = average particle size of the i-th fraction.
An expanded form of this expression - also available in this simulation routine - is given by :
Si = [1/(1+02/01)] { 01 (di*)11 / [ 1 + (di* / dcrit)2 ] + 02 (di*)12 }

(6e)

- For the Breakage Function :

Bij = 0 (di/dj+1)1 + (1- 0) (di/dj+1)2

(7)

An expanded form of this expression - also available in this simulation routine - is obtained by replacing 0 in
Equation 7 by :
0j = 00(dj+1/1000) -01

, never > 1

(7e)

These expanded forms for Si and Bij are intended to provide the model greater descriptive flexibility when tuning
the model to actual specific grinding systems (see Files BallParam_Batch and BallParam_Open) but, since they
increment the total number of ore characteristic parameters to be estimated, its use should be avoided whenever
possible.
In any case, the proposed expanded forms reduce to the normal forms if 02 and 01 are set equal to zero.
Not considering the expanded forms, the above expressions considerably reduce the number of ore characteristic
parameters to a maximum of seven (0, 1, 2, dcrit, 0, 1 and 2) and simplify the computation of the (n-1) S is values and
the n(n-1)/2 Bijs values required for the evaluation of the model.

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The critical role of the Specific Energy Consumption E (kWh/ton) becomes explicit in the above formulations through a
simple change of variables, when introducing the Specific Selection Function parameter as :
SiEballs = Si (H/Pballs)

; i = 1, 2, ..., n

(8)

and recognizing that (see Equations 2 and 5) :

Eballs = t (Pballs/H)
Eballs = (Pballs/H)

(batch grinding)
(continuous grinding)

(9)

where Pballs represents the contribution of the balls to the Net Mill Power Draw (kW) (see Mill Power_Ball Mills), it may
be concluded that :
SiEballs Eballs = Si t
(batch grinding)
or :
S iEballs Eballs = Si
(continuous grinding)
(10)
Therefore, it is enough to replace in Equations 4 above the products (S it) or (Si) by the product (SiEballsEballs) to obtain the
equations of the Linear Grinding Model in terms of the Specific Selection Function, S iEballs.
- The Hydrocyclone Model : (see Files Cyclosim_Single and Cyclobal_Single)
- Simulation of Grinding/Classification Circuits :
The mathematical simulation of the response of grinding/classification circuits, like the one represented here in Flowsheet,
requires the proper combination of the unit grinding and classification models. As a result of the circulating load stream,
both models can not be solved independently : the feed to the mill is affected by the cyclones discharge stream which
depends on the cyclones feed and this cyclones feed is affected by the mill discharge, which in turns depends on the mill
feed. Such interdependence condition implies that the system must be solved with the aid of numerical convergence
algorithms, starting from an initial guessed value for the Circulating Load ratio (defined as the ratio of the massflowrate of
solids in the cyclones discharge stream to the massflowrate of solids in the cyclones overflow stream). For such purposes,
the present Ballsim_Direct simulator makes use of the Goal Seek tool available in Microsoft Excel.
Data Input and Program Execution :
The data required by the simulator must be defined in each corresponding unprotected white background cell - inside the
red double-lined border - of the here attached Data_File worksheet. Gray background cells contain the results of the
corresponding formulas there defined and are protected to avoid any accidental editing.
In addition to the above, the user is requested to provide an initial guess of the Circulating Load ratio in Cell E21. Finally,
the system is solved by single clicking on the macro button Iterate, next to Cell E21.
Important Notice : Iterate ... must be clicked every time any element of input data gets to be modified. After clicking
ITERATE, Cell E23 must display a zero value; otherwise, the current outputs are not valid.

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Calculation results are presented in the Reports worksheet and graphically summarized in the Flowsheet worksheet.
New Moly-Cop Tools users are invited to explore the brief comments inserted in each relevant cell, rendering the whole
utilization of the worksheets self-explanatory. Eventually, the user may wish to remove the view of the comments by
selecting Tools / Options / View / Comments / None.

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ate the Size-by-Size Mass Balance around any given

onfiguration (see Flowsheet), operating under various conditions,
he grinding and hydroclassification processes.

s based on the so called Modern Theory of Comminution. This

ction Function S and the Breakage Function B. The first set
kinetics of each independent particle and the second set also
aracterizes the size distribution of the fragments produced as a

r clarity. Consider that at any given instant t, the size distribution

tified by the fractions f i (i = 1, n) retained on the n different screens
al t, the resulting size distribution is represented on the right of
s will be fractured and their fragments redistributed to the lower
raction), the Selection Function Si (min-1) denotes the fractional
he size range [d i+1 , di] which are fractured, per unit of time.
e material retained on mesh i+1, at time t, that will be fractured
ime period t. Complementarily, the Breakage Function bij
from the breakage of the particles retained on mesh j+1 to be

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g and n as the finest opening. Then, by definition :

bkj

(1)

he breakage of particles retained on mesh j that will become finer

establish, for each size fraction i, the following population

raction i at time t]
tion i broken during the time interval t]
dded to fraction i as a result of the breakage
nally retained in the coarser fractions (j = 1, i-1)]

f2(t) H + + bi,i-1Si-1tfi-1(t) H

; for i = 1, 2, , n (2)

ero, the expression above reduces to the system of first order

bij Sj fj

; for i = 1, 2, , n (3)

j = i-1

ferential form.

ntial equations is fortunately known, under the restrictive

th time; so giving rise to particular solution of the general system
essed as :

T-1 ) f

(4)

ze distribution of the mill discharge (ground product),

ize distribution of the mill feed,
x of values T ij recursively defined as :

Sj )

; when i > j

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ues Jij defined as :

when i = j ( batch grinding)
when i = j (continuous grinding)
in all other cases

are parameters characteristic of the Residence Time Distribution

by :

) ] exp (-Nt/)

(5)

he parameter N may be approximated by the effective

akage parameters) are different for different particle sizes. Such

nships :

dcrit)2 ]

(6)

size of the i-th fraction.

e in this simulation routine - is given by :

+ (di* / dcrit)2 ] + 02 (di*)12 }

0) (di/dj+1)2

(6e)

(7)

e in this simulation routine - is obtained by replacing 0 in

, never > 1

(7e)

provide the model greater descriptive flexibility when tuning

iles BallParam_Batch and BallParam_Open) but, since they
ameters to be estimated, its use should be avoided whenever

e normal forms if 02 and 01 are set equal to zero.

ions considerably reduce the number of ore characteristic

and 2) and simplify the computation of the (n-1) Sis values and
model.

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E (kWh/ton) becomes explicit in the above formulations through a

fic Selection Function parameter as :
; i = 1, 2, ..., n

(batch grinding)
(continuous grinding)

(8)

(9)

Net Mill Power Draw (kW) (see Mill Power_Ball Mills), it may
(batch grinding)
(continuous grinding)

(10)

he products (S it) or (Si) by the product (SiEballsEballs) to obtain the

pecific Selection Function, S iEballs.

gle and Cyclobal_Single)

/classification circuits, like the one represented here in Flowsheet,

classification models. As a result of the circulating load stream,
to the mill is affected by the cyclones discharge stream which
affected by the mill discharge, which in turns depends on the mill
ystem must be solved with the aid of numerical convergence
Circulating Load ratio (defined as the ratio of the massflowrate of
rate of solids in the cyclones overflow stream). For such purposes,
Goal Seek tool available in Microsoft Excel.

ach corresponding unprotected white background cell - inside the

worksheet. Gray background cells contain the results of the
to avoid any accidental editing.

e an initial guess of the Circulating Load ratio in Cell E21. Finally,

on Iterate, next to Cell E21.

me any element of input data gets to be modified. After clicking

, the current outputs are not valid.

Moly-Cop Tools / 339210382.xls

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eet and graphically summarized in the Flowsheet worksheet.

ief comments inserted in each relevant cell, rendering the whole

, the user may wish to remove the view of the comments by

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Moly-Cop Tools / 339210382.xls

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Moly-Cop Tools

TM

BALLSIM : Conventional Closed Circuit Grinding Simulator

Circuit Type

DIRECT

Remarks

Simulation N

(see Flowsheet)

Base Case Example

Mill Dimensions and Operating Conditions

Diameter
Length
Speed
Charge
ft
ft
% Critical
Filling,%
18.5
22.0
72.0
38.0
rpm
12.82
Cyclone Dimensions (inches) and Operating Conditions
Number
Diameter
Height
Inlet
10
20.0
75.0
3.50
% Solids O'flow
40.0
% Solids U'flow
76.0
% Solids Mill Discharge
72.0
Circulating Load

3.057 (Guess)
3.057 (Actual)
0.000 (Delta)

Ore Density, ton/m3

Balls Density, ton/m3

2.80
7.75

Feedrate, ton/hr (dry)

Feed Moisture, %

400.0
5.0

Mesh
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

1.05
0.742
0.525
0.371
3
4
6
8
10
14
20
28
35
48
65
100
150
200
270
400
-400

Opening

Mid-Size

21997
15554
10984
7978
5641
3989
2812
2003
1416
1001
714
505
357
252
178
126
89
63
45
19

Selection Function Parameters :

alpha0
alpha1
alpha2
0.00918
0.65
2.5

dcrit
6532

Classifier Constants :
a1
a2
9.680
1.401
9.680
1.401

Moly-Cop Tools / 339210382.xls

Vortex
7.50

Iterate

3348
0
536
3885
10.0
4316

Lift
Angle, ()
35.0

Balls
Overfilling
Slurry
Net kW
% Losses
Gross kW

Main Simulated Outputs

150.0
P80
15.08
Wio
18.84
% Fines MD
1566
Q
0.372
Bpf
8.0
Pressure
355.1
Sump Water

Bond's
Feedrate
for a
Target P80
Target P80
170.0
ton/hr
429.8

Feed Size Distribution

ton/hr
% Retained
% Passing

0.00
20.00
66.40
56.28
41.32
33.36
27.36
21.64
20.40
15.60
14.16
12.04
10.36
8.84
7.52
6.48
5.52
4.72
3.40
24.60

0.00
5.00
16.60
14.07
10.33
8.34
6.84
5.41
5.10
3.90
3.54
3.01
2.59
2.21
1.88
1.62
1.38
1.18
0.85
6.15

100.00
100.00
95.00
78.40
64.33
54.00
45.66
38.82
33.41
28.31
24.41
20.87
17.86
15.27
13.06
11.18
9.56
8.18
7.00
6.15
0.00

Expanded Form :
alpha02
alpha12
0
1
0
1 Suggested Default Values
Expanded Form :
beta01
0
0 Suggested Default Value

a3
54.964
54.964

Interstitial
Slurry, %
100.0

Apex
3.67

Very Important :
Simulation results are not valid until
the Iterate button has been clicked
after any input data changes.

25400
19050
12700
9500
6700
4750
3350
2360
1700
1180
850
600
425
300
212
150
106
75
53
38
0

Breakage Function Parameters :

beta0
beta1
beta2
0.2
0.25

Balls
App. Dens.
Filling,%
ton/m3
38.0
5.39

a4
0.523
0.523

0.950
0.950

Suggested Default Values

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Moly-Cop Tools

TM

Remarks

Simulation N

Base Case Example

psi

7.98

# of Cyclones
Vortex
Apex

10
7.50
3.67

% Solids

76.00

ton/hr
F80

400.0
9795

kWh/ton
Wio

40.00 % Solids
60.29 % - Size 18
150.0 P80

0.372 Bpf
0.392 Bpw

Water,
m3/hr

10.79
15.08

Moly-Cop Tools / 339210382.xls / Flowsheet

Circ. Load
m3/hr

3.06
1566

Water,
m3/hr

355.1

% Solids

62.20

223.9

Gross kW
% Balls
% Critical
% Solids

4316.1
38.00
72.00
72.00

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Moly-Cop Tools

TM

Simulation N

BALLSIM
Conventional Closed Circuit Grinding Simulator
Remarks :

Base Case Example

CIRCUIT MASS BALANCE

Configuration : DIRECT

Ore, ton/hr
Water, m3/hr
Slurry, ton/hr
Slurry, m3/hr
Slurry Dens., ton/m3
% Solids (by volume)
% Solids (by weight)

Fresh
Feed
400.0
21.1
421.1
163.9
2.569
87.2
95.00

Mill
Mill
Feed
Discharge
1622.7
1622.7
407.2
631.1
2029.9
2253.8
986.7
1210.6
2.057
1.862
58.7
47.9
79.94
72.00

Sump
Water
0.0
355.1
355.1
355.1
1.000
0.0
0.00

Cyclone
Feed
1622.7
986.1
2608.8
1565.7
1.666
37.0
62.20

Cyclone
U'flow
1222.7
386.1
1608.8
822.8
1.955
53.1
76.00

Cyclone
O'flow
400.0
600.0
1000.0
742.9
1.346
19.2
40.00

Particle Size Distributions (Cummulative % Passing)

i
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

Mesh

Opening

1.05
0.742
0.525
0.371
3
4
6
8
10
14
20
28
35
48
65
100
150
200
270
400

25400
19050
12700
9500
6700
4750
3350
2360
1700
1180
850
600
425
300
212
150
106
75
53
38

D80, microns

100.00
100.00
95.00
78.40
64.33
54.00
45.66
38.82
33.41
28.31
24.41
20.87
17.86
15.27
13.06
11.18
9.56
8.18
7.00
6.15

100.00
100.00
97.65
91.00
85.02
80.19
75.76
71.36
66.87
61.49
55.67
48.60
40.41
31.69
23.97
18.22
14.31
11.73
9.95
8.74

100.00
100.00
98.88
96.32
93.81
91.53
89.16
86.44
83.28
79.16
74.30
68.10
60.53
51.77
42.92
35.18
29.08
24.57
21.24
18.84

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

100.00
100.00
98.88
96.32
93.81
91.53
89.16
86.44
83.28
79.16
74.30
68.10
60.53
51.77
42.92
35.18
29.08
24.57
21.24
18.84

100.00
100.00
98.51
95.12
91.79
88.76
85.61
82.00
77.81
72.34
65.89
57.67
47.78
37.05
27.54
20.52
15.87
12.89
10.91
9.59

100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
99.97
99.49
96.76
89.96
80.01
69.49
60.29
52.82
47.14

9795

4680

1273

1273

2022

150.0

Specific Energy Consumption :

Operational Work Index :

Moly-Cop Tools / 339210382.xls

10.79 kWh/ton (Gross)

15.08 kWh/ton

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Moly-Cop Tools

TM

Simulation N

BALLSIM
Conventional Closed Circuit Grinding Simulator
Remarks :

Base Case Example

CLASSIFIERS PERFORMANCE
Number of Cyclones :
Cyclone Dimensions, in :
Diameter
Height
Inlet
Vortex
Apex
Ore Density, ton/m3

10

Operating Conditions :
Feed Flowrate, m3/hr
Pressure, psi
D50 (corr.), microns
Water By-Pass, %
Solids By-Pass, %
Plitt's Parameter
Circulating Load, %

20.00
75.00
3.50
7.50
3.67
2.80

1565.7
8.0
179.8
39.2
37.2
1.62
306

Mass Balance around the Classifiers

i
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

Mesh
1.05
0.742
0.525
0.371
3
4
6
8
10
14
20
28
35
48
65
100
150
200
270
400

Opening
25400
19050
12700
9500
6700
4750
3350
2360
1700
1180
850
600
425
300
212
150
106
75
53
38

Ore, ton/hr
Water, m3/hr
Slurry, ton/hr
Slurry, m3/hr
Slurry Dens., ton/m3
% Solids (by volume)
% Solids (by weight)

Moly-Cop Tools / 339210382.xls

Mid-Size
21997
15554
10984
7978
5641
3989
2812
2003
1416
1001
714
505
357
252
178
126
89
63
45
19

Size Distributions, % Passing

Feed
U'flow
O'flow
100.00
100.00
98.88
96.32
93.81
91.53
89.16
86.44
83.28
79.16
74.30
68.10
60.53
51.77
42.92
35.18
29.08
24.57
21.24
18.84

100.00
100.00
98.51
95.12
91.79
88.76
85.61
82.00
77.81
72.34
65.89
57.67
47.78
37.05
27.54
20.52
15.87
12.89
10.91
9.59

100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
99.97
99.49
96.76
89.96
80.01
69.49
60.29
52.82
47.14

1622.7
986.1
2608.8
1565.7
1.666
37.0
62.2

1222.7
386.1
1608.8
822.8
1.955
53.1
76.0

400.0
600.0
1000.0
742.9
1.346
19.2
40.0

Page 18

Classifier Efficiency
Actual
Corrected
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
0.999
0.984
0.923
0.810
0.683
0.575
0.497
0.447
0.416
0.383

1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
0.998
0.975
0.878
0.698
0.495
0.323
0.200
0.119
0.071
0.018

Classifier Constants
a1
a2
a3
a4

9.6796052
1.4013309
54.964028
0.5229776
0.95

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Moly-Cop Tools / 339210382.xls

Page 19

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Moly-Cop Tools

TM

Simulation N

BALLSIM
Conventional Closed Circuit Grinding Simulator
Remarks :

Base Case Example

BALL MILL PERFORMANCE

Diameter, ft
Length, ft
Speed, % Critical
App. Density, ton/m3
Charge Level, %
Balls Filling, %
Lift Angle, ()

18.5
22.0
72.0
5.39
38.0
38.0
35.0

Mill Power, kW (Gross)

Mill Power, kW (Net)
Throughput, ton/hr
% Solids (by weight)
Sp. Energy, kWh/ton
Reduction Ratio

4316
3885
1622.7
72.0
2.66
3.68

Size Distributions
i
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

Mesh
1.05
0.742
0.525
0.371
3
4
6
8
10
14
20
28
35
48
65
100
150
200
270
400

Opening
25400
19050
12700
9500
6700
4750
3350
2360
1700
1180
850
600
425
300
212
150
106
75
53
38

Mill
Feed

Mid-Size
21997
15554
10984
7978
5641
3989
2812
2003
1416
1001
714
505
357
252
178
126
89
63
45
19

D80, microns

alpha01
0.00918

Selection Function Parameters

alpha02
alpha11
alpha12
alpha2
0.0000000
0.650
1.000
2.50

Moly-Cop Tools / 339210382.xls

Page 20

Mill
Discharge

100.00
100.00
97.65
91.00
85.02
80.19
75.76
71.36
66.87
61.49
55.67
48.60
40.41
31.69
23.97
18.22
14.31
11.73
9.95
8.74

100.00
100.00
98.88
96.32
93.81
91.53
89.16
86.44
83.28
79.16
74.30
68.10
60.53
51.77
42.92
35.18
29.08
24.57
21.24
18.84

4680

1273

Dcrit
6532

Breakage Function Parameters

Beta00
Beta01
Beta1
Beta2
0.200
0.000
0.25
4.00

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CONVENTIONAL BALL MILL POWER ESTIMATION

Hogg & Fuerstenau Model
Mill Dimensions and Operating Conditions
Diameter
Length
Mill Speed
Charge
ft
ft
% Critical
Filling,%
18.50
22.00
72.00
38.00

Balls
Interstitial
Filling,%
Slurry Filling,%
38.00
100.00

% Solids in the Mill

Ore Density, ton/m3
Slurry Density, ton/m3
Balls Density, ton/m3

Charge
Volume,
m3
63.76

Moly-Cop Tools / 339210382.xls

72.00
2.80
1.86
7.75

Mill
Power, kW
3348
Lift
0
Angle, ()
536
35.00
3885
10.00
4316

Mill Charge Weight, tons

Ball
Slurry
Charge
Interstitial
above Balls
296.48
47.48
0.00

Balls
Overfilling
Slurry
Net Total
% Losses
Gross Total
Apparent
Density
ton/m3
5.395

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