ECET 417 Wired Communications

1 Sem 2016-2017 Midterm Problem Set

DLSU Dasmarinas
Asst. Prof. Joel C. Delos Angeles
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1)

A system has an n-layer protocol hierarchy. Applications generate messages of length M bytes. At
each of the layers, an h-byte header is added. What fraction of the network bandwidth is filled with
headers?

2) An image is 1024 x 768 pixels with 3 bytes/pixel. Assume the image is uncompressed. How long
does it take to transmit it over a 56-kbps modem channel? Over a 1-Mbps cable modem? Over a
10-Mbps Ethernet? Over 100-Mbps Ethernet?

3) How many end office codes were there pre-1984, when each end office was named by its threedigit area code and the first three digits of the local number? Area codes started with a digit in the
range 29, had a 0 or 1 as the second digit, and ended with any digit. The first two digits of a local
number were always in the range 29. The third digit could be any digit.

4) A simple telephone system consists of two end offices and a single toll office to which each end
office is connected by a 1-MHz full-duplex trunk. The average telephone is used to make four calls
per 8-hour workday. The mean call duration is 6 min. Ten percent of the calls are long-distance
(i.e., pass through the toll office). What is the maximum number of telephones an end office can
support? (Assume 4 kHz per circuit.)

5)

Suppose that a 10-Mbps LAN is transmitting 64-byte frames back-to-back over a radio channel
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with a bit error rate of 10 . How many frames will be transmitted per econd?
Of these frames transmitted in 1 sec, how many will be damaged on average? (To be accurate
treat 10 Mbps = 10 x 1024 x 1024 bits/sec)

6)

To get around the problem of sequence numbers wrapping around while old packets still exist, one
could use 64-bit sequence numbers. However, theoretically, an optical fiber can run at 75 Tbps.
What maximum packet lifetime is required to make sure that future 75 Tbps networks do not have
wraparound problems even with 64-bit sequence numbers? Assume that each byte has its own
sequence number, as TCP does.