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Level of Difficulty:
advanced
1-1/2 to 2 hours
Discipline:
Analysis Type:
steady-state
FLUID141
5.1.2.1. Given
Dimensions & Properties
Inlet length
4 in
Inlet height
1 in
Transition length
2 in
Outlet height
2.5 in
4 in
30 in
Air density
1.21x10-7 lbf-s2/in4
Air viscosity
2.642x10-9 lbf-s/in2
Inlet velocity
1 in/sec*
Outlet pressure
0 psi
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(Note that in a two-dimensional geometry, the hydraulic diameter is twice the inlet height.)
You will increase the inlet velocity to 50 in/s for the second analysis (which will increase the Reynolds number accordingly)
and you will rerun the solution.
The flow profile for the second analysis shows that the flow is not fully developed, therefore the logical next step would be to
increase the duct length in order to allow for a more complete profile. You will increase the length of the duct by 30 inches
and rerun the solution.
For internal flows, the transition to turbulence occurs within the Reynolds number range of 2000-3000. Therefore for the last
solution of air in the duct (Reynolds number ~4,500), the flow will be turbulent. For the last analysis, you will initiate the
solution using the turbulent model. You will restart the analysis here (instead of rerunning it) because the problem domain
has not changed.
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3. Choose FLOTRAN
CFD.
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4. Choose 2D
FLOTRAN element
(FLUID141).
5. OK.
6. Close.
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4. Toolbar: SAVE_DB.
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Transition region
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13. Apply.
Outlet region:
14. Pick the top and bottom lines in the outlet region.
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Transverse direction:
22. Choose Lines Set.
23. Pick the 4 transverse direction lines.
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9. OK in picking menu.
10. Enter 0.0 for VX and VY.
11. OK to apply the condition.
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5.1.5.5. Step 18: Make a path plot of velocity through the outlet.
1. Main Menu> General Postproc> Path
Operations> Define Path> By Nodes
2. Pick the lowest and then the highest point of
the outlet.
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5.1.7.3. Step 23: Make a path plot of velocity through the outlet.
1. Main Menu> General Postproc> Path
Operations> Define Path> By Nodes
2. Pick the lowest and then the highest point of
the outlet.
or Close
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Now in the next study, if the length of the duct's outlet region is increased, the flow may reach a fully developed profile.
Increase the duct length by 30 inches.
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4. OK.
5.1.8.3. Step 26: Establish mesh divisions for the new rectangle and mesh.
1. Main Menu> Preprocessor> Meshing>
MeshTool
2. Choose Lines Set.
3. Pick line at new outlet.
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4. OK.
The resulting contour plot shows the total static and dynamic pressures that occur in the duct.
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5.1.10.4. Step 32: Make a path plot of the velocity through the outlet.
The outlet velocity profile can be examined with a path plot. First, establish a path for the path plot.
1. Main Menu> General Postproc>
Path Operations> Define Path> By
Nodes
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The resulting path plot shows that the flow is almost fully developed. Since the velocity has been increased so much, the flow
may be in the turbulent regime. The next step is to check the Reynold's number and activate turbulence if necessary. A
consequence of the increased diffusion associated with turbulence is a decrease in the size of the recirculation region.
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Execution Ctrl
5. Enter 80 Global iterations.
6. OK.
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The resulting contour plot shows the total static and dynamic pressures that occur in the duct.
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5.1.12.3. Step 38: Make a path plot of velocity through the outlet.
1. Main Menu> General Postproc> Path
Operations> Define Path> By Nodes
2. Pick the lowest and then the highest
point of the outlet.
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previously defined.
14. OK to create path plot.
15. Close any warning messages.
Note that with the turbulent model is turned on for the analysis, the flow looks fully developed and the path plot appears to be
flatter on the top (instead of parabolic, as in the laminar analyses). Thus the flow is turbulent and the observed results are as
expected.
Viewing ANSYS animations on a PC regardless of whether the files were created on a PC (AVI files) or on a UNIX
workstation (ANIM files).
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