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COMPULSORY PROBLEMS
18. CARBONYL COMPOUNDS {Q.No.70 (c)}
1. Compound (A) of molecular formula C2H4O reduce Tollens reagents.(A) on
treatment with HCN gives compound (B).Compound (B) on hydrolysis with acid
compound (C) with molecular formula C3H6O3 which an optically active
compound. Compound (A) on reduction with N2H4/C2H5ONa gives a
hydrocarbon (D) of molecular formula C2H6.Identify A,B,C, and D. Explain the
reaction. [Mar-2013]
ANSWER:
CH3CHO + HCN CH3CH(OH)CN
(A)
(B)

RESULT:
S.No Compound
1
A
2
B
3
C
4
D

CH3CHO
(A )

H+/H2O

N2H4/C2H5ONa
4(H)

Formula
CH3CHO
CH3CH(OH)CN
CH3CH(OH)COOH
CH3CH3

CH3CH(OH)COOH
(C)
CH3CH3 + N2 + H2O
(D)
Name
Acetaldehyde
Acetaldehyde cyanohydrin
Lactic acid
Ethane

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2. Compound (A) of molecular formula C2H4O reduce Tollens reagents.(A) on

treatment with HCN and followed by hydrolysis with acid gives compound (B)
with molecular formulaC3H6O3 which an optically active compound. Compound
(B) on reaction with Fentons reagents forms (C) (C3H4O3).This answers
iodoform reaction.Identify A,B, and C.Explain the reaction. [Jun-08,Oct-08,
Oct 15]
ANSWER:
CH3CHO + HCN CH3CH(OH)CN
(A)
Fe2+/H2O2

CH3CH(OH)COOH
(B)
(O)
RESULT:
S.No Compound
Formula
1
A
CH3CHO
2
B
CH3CH(OH)COOH
3
C
CH3COCOOH

H+/H2O

CH3CH(OH)COOH
(B)

CH3COCOOH
(C)
Name
Acetaldehyde
Lactic acid
Pyruvic acid

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3. Compound (A) (C2H4O) reduce Tollens reagent .(A) on treatment with Zinc
amalgam and con.HCl gives compound (B) .In the presence of con.H2SO4 (A)
forms cyclic compound (C) which is used as hypnotic .Identify A,B and C.
Explain the reaction. [Jun-2011]
ANSWER:

CH3CHO
(A)

RESULT:
S.No Compound
1
A
2
B
3

Zn / Hg conc.HCl
4(H)

CH3CH3 + H2O
(B)

(C)
Formula
CH3CHO
CH3CH3

Name
Acetaldehyde
Ethane

Paraldehyde

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4. An organic compound (A) (C2H4O) with HCN gives (B) (C3H5ON). Compound (B)
on hydrolysis compound (C) (C3H6O3) which is an optically active
compound.(C) also undergoes iodoform test. Identify A, B and C. Explain the
reaction. [Oct-2011]
ANSWER:
CH3CHO + HCN CH3CH(OH)CN
(A)
(B)

H+/H2O

CH3CH(OH)COOH
(C)

RESULT:
S.No Compound
1
A
2
B
3
C

Formula
CH3CHO
CH3CH(OH)CN
CH3CH(OH)COOH

Name
Acetaldehyde
Acetaldehyde cyanohydrin
Lactic acid

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5. Compound (A) with molecular formula C2H4O reduce Tollens reagent.(A) on

treatment with HCN gives compound (B) .Compound (B) on hydrolysis with an
acid gives compound (C) C3H6O3. Compound (C) is optically active. Compound
(C) on treatment with Fentons reagent gives compound (D) C3H4O3. Compound
(C) & (D) gives effervescence with NaHCO3 solution. Identify the compounds
A,B,Cand D. Explain the reactions.
[Mar-2010]
ANSWER:
CH3CHO + HCN CH3CH(OH)CN
(A)
(B)
Fe2+/H2O2

H+/H2O

CH3CH(OH)COOH
(C)
(O)
RESULT:
S.No Compound
Formula
1
A
CH3CHO
2
B
CH3CH(OH)CN
3
C
CH3CH(OH)COOH
4
D
CH3COCOOH

CH3CH(OH)COOH
(C)

CH3COCOOH
(D)
Name
Acetaldehyde
Acetaldehyde cyanohydrin
Lactic acid
Pyruvic acid

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6. An organic compound (A) C2H3OCl on treatment with Pd and BaSO4 gives (B)
C2H4O which answers iodoform test .(B) when treated with conc.H2SO4
undergoes polymerization to give (C) a cyclic compound. Identify A,B and C.
Explain the reaction. [Oct-2009]
ANSWER:
CH3COCl + H2
(A)

RESULT:
S.No Compound
1
A
2
B
3
C

Pd / BaSO4

CH3CHO + HCl
(B)

Formula
CH3COCl
CH3CHO
(CH3CHO)3

Name
Acetyl chloride
Aceytaldehyde
Paraldehyde

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7. An organic compound (A) C2H3N on reduction with SnCl2 / HCl gives (B) C2H4O
which reduce Tollens reagent. Compound (B) on reduction with N2H4/C2H5ONa
gives (C) C2H6. Identify the compounds A,B and C. Explain the reactions.[Oct-12]
ANSWER:

CH3CHO
(B)
RESULT:
S.No Compound
1
A
2
B
3
C

N2H4/C2H5ONa
4(H)

Formula
CH3CN
CH3CHO
CH3CH3

(B)
CH3CH3 + H2O
(C)
Name
Methyl cyanide
Aceytaldehyde
Ethane

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8. An organic compound (A) (C2H6O) liberate hydrogen with metallic sodium.(A)

on mild oxidation gives (B) C2H4O which answers iodoform test.(B) when
treated with conc.H2SO4 undergoes polymerization to give (C), a cyclic
compound. Identify A,B and C. Explain the reaction. [Jun-2006]
(O)

CH3CH2OH
(A)

H+/

K2Cr2O7

CH3CHO + H2O
(B)

(C)

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RESULT:
S.No Compound
1
A
2
B
3
C

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Formula
CH3CH2OH
CH3CHO
(CH3CHO)3

Name
Ethanol
Aceytaldehyde
Paraldehyde

9. An organic compound (A) with molecular formula C3H6O undergoes iodoform

reaction. Two molecules of compound (A) react with dry HCl to give
compound (B) (C6H10O).Compound (B) react with one more molecule of
compound (A) to give compound (C) (C9H14O).Identify A,B, and Explain the
reaction. [Oct-2010]
ANSWER:

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RESULT:
S.No Compound
Formula
1
A
CH3COCH3
2
B
(CH3)2C=CHCOCH3
3
C
(CH3)2C=CHCOCH=C(CH3)2

Name
Acetone
Mesityl oxide
Phorone

10. An organic compound (A) C3H8O answers Lucas Test within 5-10 mins and
oxidation form (B) C3H6O. (B) On further oxidation forms (C) C2H4O2 which
gives effervescence with NaHCO3. (B) Also undergoes iodoform test. Identify
A,B and C. Explain the reaction. [Jun-2009]
ANSWER:

(O)

(O)

(CH3)2CHOH
CH3COCH3
CH3COOH
+
+
(A)
H / K2Cr2O7
(B)
H / K2Cr2O7
(C)
RESULT:
S.No Compound
Formula
Name
1
A
(CH3)2CHOH
2-Propanol
2
B
CH3COCH3
Acetone
3
C
CH3COOH
Acetic acid
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11. Compound (A) of molecular formula C3H6O does not reduce Tollens reagent
and Fehlings solution. Compound (A) undergoes Clemmensen reduction to
give compound (B) of molecular formula C3H8. Compound (A) in the presence
of con.H2SO4 condenses to give an aromatic compound (C) of molecular
formula C9H12.Identify A,B and C. Explain the reaction.
[Mar-2012]
ANSWER:

RESULT:
S.No Compound
1
A
2
B
3
C

CH3COCH3
(A)

Zn/Hg conc.HCl
4(H)

CH3CH2CH3 + H2O
(B)

(C)
Formula
CH3COCH3
CH3CH2CH3
C6H3(CH3)3

Name
Acetone
Propane
Mesitylene

12. Compound (A) C3H6O does not reduce Tollens reagent, but under goes halo
form reaction. Compound (A) under goes dehydration in the presence of dry
HCl to give compound (B) C6H10O.Three molecules of compound (A) under
goes condensation reaction in the presence of conc. H2SO4 to give a cyclic
compound (C).Identify the compounds A,B and C. Explain the reaction [Jun-12]

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ANSWER:
(CH3 )2C=O + H2CHCOCH3
(A)

RESULT:
S.No Compound
1
A
2
B
3
C

Dry HCl

(CH3)2CHCOCH3
(B)

H2O

Formula
CH3COCH3
(CH3)2C=CHCOCH3
C6H3(CH3)3

(C)

Name
Acetone
Mesityl oxide
Mesitylene

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13. An organic compound (A) of molecular formula C3H6O on reduction with

LiAlH4 gives (B). Compound (B) gives blue colour in Victor Meyers test and
also form a Chloride (C) with SOCl2.The Chloride on treatment with alcoholic
KOH gives (D). Identify the compounds A,B,C and D. Explain the reactions.
[Mar-07]
ANSWER:
LiAlH4

CH3COCH3
(A)

2(H)

(CH3)2 CHOH
(B)

(CH3)2 CHOH + SOCl2

(A)
(CH3)2 CHCl
(B)
RESULT:
S.No Compound
1
A
2
B
3
C
4
D

Alc.KOH

(CH3)2 CHCl + SO2 + HCl

(C)
CH3C=CH2 + KCl + H2O
(D)

Formula
CH3COCH3
(CH3)2 CHOH
(CH3)2 CHCl
CH3C=CH2

Name
Acetone
2-Propanol
Isopropyl chloride
Propene

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14. Compound A of molecular formula C7H6O reduce Tollens reagents and also
gives Cannizzaro reaction. (A) on oxidation gives compound (B) with
molecular formula C7H6O2. Calcium salt of (B) on dry distillation gives
compound (C) with molecular formula C13H10O Identify A,B, and C. Explain the
reaction.
[Mar-2008]
ANSWER:
(O)
C6H5CHO
C6H5COOH
(A)
alkaline KMnO4
(B)
(A)

RESULT:
S.No Compound
1
A
2
B
3
C

(B)

Formula
C6H5CHO
C6H5COOH
C6H5COC6H5

Name
Benzaldehyde
Benzoic acid
Benzo phenone

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15.An aromatic aldehyde (A) of molecular formula C7H6O which has the smell of
bitter almonds on treatment with (CH3CO)2O and CH3COONa to give compound
(B) which is an aromatic unsaturated acid. (A) also react with (A) in the
presence of alc. KCN to give dimer (C).Identify A,B, and C. Explain the reactions.
[Oct-2007]
ANSWER:
CH3COONa

C6H5CH=O + CH3COOCOCH3
(A)

C6H5CH=O + H- C- C6H5
||
(A)
O
RESULT:
S.No Compound
1
A
2
B
3
C

alc.KCN

Formula
C6H5CHO
C6H5CH=CHCOOH
C6H5CH(OH)COC6H5

C6H5CH=CHCOOH + CH3COOH
(B)
C6H5CH(OH)- C- C6H5
||
O
(C)
Name
Benzaldehyde
Cinnamic acid
Benzoin

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16. An organic compound (A) (C7H6O) form a bisulphate .(A) when treated with
alcoholic KCN forms (B) (C14H12O2) and (A) on refluxing with sodium acetate
and acetic anhydride forms an acid (C) (C9H8O2).Identify A,B and C. Explain the
reaction.[Jun-07]
ANSWER:
C6H5CH=O + H- C- C6H5
||
(A)
O
C6H5CH=O + CH3COOCOCH3
(A)
RESULT:
S.No Compound
1
A
2
B
3
C

alc.KCN

CH3COONa

Formula
C6H5CHO
C6H5CH(OH)COC6H5
C6H5CH=CHCOOH

C6H5CH(OH)- C- C6H5
||
O
(B)
C6H5CH=CHCOOH + CH3COOH
(C)
Name
Benzaldehyde
Benzoin
Cinnamic acid

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17. An organic compound (A) (C7H6O) reduces Tollensreagent. On treating with

alkali compound (A) form (B) and (C).Compound (B) treating with soda lime
forms benzene (C7H8O) is an antiseptic .Identify A,B and C.Explain the
reaction. [Oct-2006]
ANSWER:
C6H5CHO + C6H5CHO
(A)
C6H5COOH
(B)
RESULT:
S.No Compound
1
A
3
B
2
B

CaO /NaOH

NaOH

C6H5COOH + C6H5CH2 OH
(B)
(C)

C6H6 + CO2

Formula
C6H5CHO
C6H5COOH
C6H5CH2OH

Name
Benzaldehyde
Benzoic acid
Benzyl alcohol

18. An organic compound (A) of molecular formula C7H6O is not reduced by

Fehlings solution but will undergoes Cannizzaro reaction. Compound (A)
react with Aniline to give compound (B) .Compound (A) also react with Cl2 in
the presence of catalyst to give compound (C).Identify A,B and C. Explain the
reaction. [Mar-2006]

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ANSWER:

C6H5CH=O + C6H5NH2
(A)

OH
|
[- H2O]
C6H5CHNHC6H5
C6H5CH=NC6H5
(B)

(C)
RESULT:
S.No Compound
1
A
2
B
3

Formula
C6H5CHO
C6H5CH=NC6H5

Name
Benzaldehyde
Schiffs base
m- chloro benzaldehyde

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19. An aromatic compound (A) with molecular formula C7H6O has the smell of
bitter almonds.(A) react with Cl2 in the absence of catalyst to gives (B) and in
the presence of catalyst to fives compound (C). Identify the compounds A,B
and C. Explain the reactions. [Mar-2009, Oct - 2014]
ANSWER:

C6H5CHO + Cl2
(A)

C6H5COCl + HCl
(B)

(C)
RESULT:
S.No Compound
1
A
2
B
3

Formula
C6H5CHO
C6H5COCl

Name
Benzaldehyde
Benzoyl chloride

m- chloro benzaldehyde

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20. An organic compound (A) C7H8,on oxidation at 773K in the presence of V2O5
gives compound (B) of molecular formula C7H6O.(B) reduce Tollens
reagent.(B) on heating with sodium acetate in the presence of acetic anhydride
gives compound (C) of molecular formula C9H8O2.identify A,B and C. Explain
the reaction. [Mar-11, Jun- 13,Oct-13]
ANSWER:
C6H5CH3
(A)

(O)
air/ V2O5 773K

C6H5CHO + H2O
(B)

CH3COONa

C6H5CH=O + CH3COOCOCH3
(A)

RESULT:
S.No Compound
Formula
1
A
C6H5CH3
2
B
C6H5CHO
3
C
C6H5CH=CHCOOH

C6H5CH=CHCOOH + CH3COOH
(C)
Name
Toluene
Benzaldehyde
Cinnamic acid

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21. An organic compound (A) C7H8, on oxidation at 773K in the presence of V2O5
gives compound (B) of molecular formula C7H6O, which has smell of bitter
almonds. Alkaline KMnO4 oxidise compound (B) to (C) of molecular formula
C7H6O2. Compound (B) treatment with N2H4/KOH give back compound (A).
Identify A,B and C. Explain the reaction. [Jun-2010]
ANSWER:
C6H5CH3
(A)
C6H5CHO
(B)
C6H5CHO
(B)

RESULT:
S.No Compound
1
A
2
B
3
C

(O)

C6H5CHO + H2O
(B)

air/ V2O5 773K

(O)
alkaline KMnO4
N2H4 / KOH

C6H5COOH
(C)

C6H5CH3 + H2O
(A)

4(H)

Formula
C6H5CH3
C6H5CHO
C6H5COOH

Name
Toluene
Benzaldehyde
Benzoic acid

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22. An organic compound (A) of molecular formula C7H6O is not reduced by

Fehlings solution but will undergoes Cannizzaro reaction. Compound (A)
react with Aniline to give compound (B) .Compound (A) also react with Cl2 in
the absence of catalyst to give compound (C).Identify A,B and C. Explain the
reaction. [Mar-2014]
ANSWER:

C6H5CH=O + C6H5NH2
(A)
C6H5CHO + Cl2
(A)
RESULT:
S.No Compound
1
A
2
B
3
C

OH
|
[- H2O]
C6H5CHNHC6H5
C6H5CH=NC6H5
(B)
C6H5COCl +
(C)

Formula
C6H5CHO
C6H5CH=NC6H5
C6H5COCl

HCl
Name
Benzaldehyde
Schiffs base
Benzoyl chloride

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23. An organic compound (A) C7H8, on oxidation at 773K in the presence of V2O5
gives compound (B) of molecular formula C7H6O. (B) on reduction with
lithium aluminium hydride to form (C) of molecular formula C7H8O. Identify
(A), (B), and (C) and explain the reactions. [Mar 2015]
ANSWER:

C6H5CH3
(A)
C6H5CHO
(A)

RESULT:
S.No Compound
1
A
2
B
3
C

(O)

C6H5CHO + H2O
(B)

air/ V2O5 773K

LiAlH4

C6H5CH2OH
(C)

[ H ]

Formula
C6H5CH3
C6H5CHO
C6H5CH2OH

Name
Toluene
Benzaldehyde
Benzyl alcohol

24. Compound A of molecular formula C7H6O is called oil of bitter almonds. (A)
on oxidation gives compound (B) with molecular formula C7H6O2 , which gives
brisk effervescence with NaHCO3 solution ,then, (A) is refluxed with alcoholic
KCN compound (C) is formed. Identify A,B and C. Explain the reaction.[Jun-14]

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ANSWER:
C6H5CHO
(A)

(O)

alkaline KMnO4

C6H5CH=O + H- C- C6H5
(A)
||
O
RESULT:
S.No Compound
1
A
2
B
3
C

C6H5COOH
(B)

alc.KCN

Formula
C6H5CHO
C6H5COOH
C6H5CH(OH)COC6H5

C6H5CH(OH)- C- C6H5
||
O
(C)
Name
Benzaldehyde
Benzoic acid
Benzoin

K N SUBRAMANI .M.Sc.B.Ed., PGT in Chemistry, VVMHSS, Karamadai Cbe 641 104

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IMPORTANT: (From PTA)

1. An organic compound A (C7H6O) has bitter almond smell, with ammonia A
gives B (C21H18N2) with aqueous alcoholic KCN A gives C (C14H12O2). With
aromatic tertiary amine A gives D (C23H26N2). What are A, B, C and D explain
the reaction.
ANSWER:

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RESULT:
S.No Compound
1
A
2
B
3
C
4
D

Name
Benzaldehyde
Hydrobenzamide
Benzoin
Triphenyl methane dye

2. An organic compound A (C7H6O) reduce Tollens reagent with acetic

anhydride in the presence of sodium acetate. A gives an , unsaturated
acid B (C9H8O2). With acetone in the presence of alkali A gives C (C10H10O).
What are A, B, C and D explains the reactions. [Jun 2015]
K N SUBRAMANI .M.Sc.B.Ed., PGT in Chemistry, VVMHSS, Karamadai Cbe 641 104

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ANSWER:
C6H5CH=O + CH3COOCOCH3
(A)

CH3COONa

NaOH

C6H5CHO + CH3COCH3
(A)
RESULT:
S.No Compound
Formula
1
A
C6H5CHO
2
B
C6H5CH=CHCOOH
3
C
C6H5CH=CHCOCH3

C6H5CH= CHCOOH + CH3COOH

(B)
C6H5CH=CHCOCH3
(C)
Name
Benzaldehyde
Cinnamic acid
Bezalacetone

3. An organic compound A (C8H8O) undergoes iodo form test. When reduced with
Zinc amalgam and HCl it gives B (C8H10). A with Br2 in ether at 273K gives C
(C8H7OBr). Identify A, B, and C explain the reactions.
ANSWER:

C6H5COCH3

Zn / Hg conc.HCl

(A)

4(H)

C6H5CH2CH3 + H2O
(B)

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C6H5COCH2H + BrBr
(B)

Ether

C6H5COCH2Br
(C)

HBr

RESULT:
S.No Compound
Formula
Name
1
A
C6H5COCH3
Acetophenone
2
B
C6H5CH2CH3
Ethyl benzene
3
C
C6H5COCH2Br
Phenaceyl bromide
4. An organic compound A (C5H10O) does not reduce Tollens reagent. It is a
linear compound and undergoes iodoform test. On oxidation A gives B
(C2H4O2) and C (C3H6O2) as the major product. Identify A, B, and C explain the
reactions.
ANSWER:

(O)

CH3COCH2CH2CH3
CH3COOH +
(A)
(B)
RESULT:
S.No Compound
Formula
1
A
CH3COCH2CH2CH3
2
B
CH3COOH
3
C
CH3CH2COOH

CH3CH2COOH
(C)
Name
2-Pentanone
Acetic acid
Propionic acid

K N SUBRAMANI .M.Sc.B.Ed., PGT in Chemistry, VVMHSS, Karamadai Cbe 641 104

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***** Electro Chemistry I{ Q.No.70 (d) } *****
1. If 50 milli ampere of current is passed through copper coulometer for 60 min,
calculate the amount of copper deposited.
Solution:
Electrical charge input = I x t coulombs
Log63.5 = 1. 8027
= 50 x10-3 A x60 x60sec
Log180 = 2.2552 (+)
= 180 coulombs.
4.0579
2+
The chemical reaction is, Cu + 2e Cu(s)
Log 2
= 0.3010
1 gm atom of copper requires 2F current
Log96500 = 4.9845 (+)
Amount of copper
5.2855
-1
Deposted = (63. 5g.mol x 180 C )/2 x 96500C
4.0579 5.2855 =2.7724
= 0.0593 gm.
Antilog of 2.7724
= 0.05934
2. 0.1978 g of copper is deposited by a current of 0.2 ampere in 50 minutes. What
is the electro chemical equivalent of copper?
(Mar-2009)
Solution :
Here, t = 50 minutes = 50 x60 seconds ; I = 0.2 ampere.
Log0.1978=1.2962
Quantity of electricity used is
Log600 = 2.7781
Q = I x t = 0.2 x50 x 60 = 600 coulombs
2.5181
Ant.log 2.5181
Amount of copper deposited by 600 coulombs = 0.1978 g
=0.0003297
Amt. of copper deposited by1 coulomb = (0.1978 /600) g
= 0.0003296 g
Electrochemical equivalent of copper = 0.0003296
= 3.296 x104gc1
= 3.296 x 107 kg c1
3. What current strength in amperes will be required to liberate 10 g of iodine
from potassium iodide solution in one hour?
(Mar-2012)
Solution :
127 g of iodine (1g eqvt) is liberated by = 96,500 coulomb
Log 96500 =4.9845
Log 10
=1.0000
10 g of iodine is liberated by = (96 500/127) x 10 coulomb
5.9845
Let the current strength be = I
Log127
=2.1078
Time in seconds = 1 x60 x60
Log 60
=1.7781
We know that the quantity of electricity, Q, used is given by Log 60
=1.7781
the expressionQ = I x time in seconds
5.6640
Curernt strength, I = Q /t = (96500 x 10) / (127 x 60 x 60) 5.9845 5.6640
Curernt strength, I= 2.11 ampere.
= 0.3205
Ant.log of
0.3205=2.11

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4. An electric current is passed through three cells in series containing

respectively solutions of copper sulphate, silver nitrate and potassium iodide.
What weights of silver and iodine will be liberated while 1.25 g of copper is
being deposited?
(Mar-2008,Jun-2013)
Solution :
Log 1.25 =0.0969
Wt.of Cu / Wt.of Iodine=Eqvt.wt.Cu /Eqvt.wt.of Iodine Log 127=2.1038(+)
1.25 / x = 31. 7 / 127
2.2007
x = (1. 25 x 127)/31. 7
Log31.7 =1.5010(-)
Hence, Wt. of Iodine ( x ) = 5.0 g
0.6997
Also,
Ant.log of 0.6997
= 5.008
Wt.of Cu / Wt.ofSilver =Eqvt.wt. of Cu /Eqvt.wt.of
Log 1.25 =0.0969
Silver
Log 108=2.0334(+)
1.25 / y
= 31.7 / 108
2.1303
y
= (1. 25 x 108)/31. 7
Log31.7 =1.5010(-)
Wt. of silver (y) = 4.26 g
0.6293
Ant.log of 0.6293
= 4.259
5. The resistance of a 0.01 N solution of an electrolyte was found to 210 ohm at
25oC using a conductance cell with a cell constant 0.88 cm-1. Calculate the
specific conductance and equivalent conductance of the solution.
Solution : [R = 210 ohm ;l / a =0.88 cm-1]
Specific conductance () = (l /a) x (1/R)
Log 0.88 = 1.9444
-1
=0.88cm / 210ohm Log 210 = 2.3222 (-)
= 4.19 x 103mho.m1
3.6222
Ant.log of 3.6222 = 4.19 x 10-3
Equivalent conductance, = k x V
V has 1 gram equivalent dissolved given is 0.01 N in 1000 ml.
V = (1000 / 0.01)= 1, 00,000 ml
= 4.19x10-3x1, 00,000
=419.05 mho.cm2.gm.equiv.-1
= 4.1905 x 102 mho m2 (gm.equiv)1

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6. 0.04 N solution of a weak acid has a specific conductance 4.23 x10-4 mho.cm-1.
The degree of dissociation of acid at this dilution is 0.0612. Calculate the
equivalent conductance of weak acid at infinite solution. (Oct-2009)
Solution :[Specific conductance k = 4.23 x10-4 mho.cm-1 ; = 0.0612]
c = (k x 1000) /C = (4.23 x10-4) / 0.04 = (4.23 x10-4) /(4 x 10-2)
c= (4.23/4) x 10-2 = 1.0575 x 10-2 mho.cm2.eq-1.
c = 105.75 mho.cm2.eq-1.
= c/
Log 10.575 = 1.0242
Log 0.0612 = 2.7868 (-)
= c / = 10. 575 / 0.0612
2.2374
2
-1
= 172.8 mho.cm .gm.equiv.
Ant.log of 2.2374 = 1.728 x 102
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7. Equivalent conductivity of acetic acid at infinite dilution is 390.7 and for 0.1 M
acetic acid the equivalent conductance is 5.2 mho.cm2.gm.equiv.-1. Calculate
degree of dissociation, H+ ion concentration and dissociation constant of the
acid.
(Jun-2007)
Solution :
= c/ = 5.2 / 390.7 = 0.01333 = 1.33%
Log 5.2 = 0.7160
CH3COOH CH3COO +
H+
Log 390.7 = 2.5918 (-)
C (1 )
C
C
2.1242
[H+] = C= 0.1 x0.0133 = 0.00133 M
Ant.log of 2.1242=1.331 x 10-2
K =2C /(1- )
= (0.01332 x 0.1) /(1- 0.0133)
= (0.0001769 x 0.1)/0.9867 =
0.0000179
K= 1.79 x 10-5 M
8. Ionic conductances at infinite dilution of Al3+ and SO42are 189 ohm1 cm2
gm.equiv.-1 and 160 ohm-1 cm2 gm.equiv.-1. Calculate equivalent and molar
conductance of the electrolyte at infinite dilution.(Mar-2010,13)
Solution:

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9. Calculate the pH of 0.1 M CH3COOH solution.Dissociation constant of acetic acid
is 1.8 x10-5 M.(Jun-2009,Mar-2011)
Solution:
For weak acids,
[H+] = KaxC
Log1.34 = 0.1271
-5
-6
= 1.8x10 x 0.1 = 1.8x10
[H+] = 1.34 x 103 M
pH = log [H+] = -log (1.34 x103 )
=-log1.34 - log10-3 = -log1.34- (-3log10)
pH = -0.13 +3 = 2.87
10. Calculate the pH of 0.02 m Ba(OH)2aqueous solution assuming Ba(OH)2 as a
strong electrolyte.
Solution:
Ba(OH)2 Ba2+ + 2OH
[OH] = 2 [Ba(OH)2] = 2 x0.02 = 0.04 M
Log4 = 0.6020
-2
= 4 x 10
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pOH = log [OH] = -log (4 x 10-2)

= -log4 (-2)log10 =- 0.6020 + 2=
1.398=1.40
pH = 14 pOH ; pH = 14 1.4 = 12.60
11. Find the pH of a buffer solution containing 0.20 mole per litre CH3COONa and
0.15 mole per litre CH3COOH, Kafor acetic acid is 1.8 x10-5 .(Jun-2006,11,Oct2006,07,08,11)
Solution :[Ka = 1.8 x105 ; [salt] = 0.20 mol /litre ; [Acid] = 0.15 mol /litre]
pKa = log Ka
pKa = log (1.8 x105) = - log 1.8 log10-5
log1.8 = 0.2553
= - log1.8 (-5log10 ) = -0.2553+5
pKa = 4.7447
pH= pKa + log ( [salt] / [Acid] )
... Henderson - Hasselbalch equation
= 4.7447 + log [0.20] /[0.15]
pH = 4.7447 + log (4/3)
= 4.7447 + 0.6021 0.4771
pH = 4.8697
12. The Ka of propionic acid is 1.34 x10-5. What is the pH of a solution containing
0.5 M propionic and 0.5 M sodiumpropionate ? What happens to the pH of the
solution when volume is doubled by adding water?(Mar-2006,Jun-2010)
Solution :
Ka of propionic acid = 1.34 x105
pKa = log Ka = log (1.34 x105)= -log1.34 log10-5
Log1.34 = 0.1271
= -log1.34- (-5log10)= -0.1271 + 5 = 4.8729
pKa = 4.87
By Herderson - Hasselbalch equation
pH = pKa + log ( [salt] /[acid])
= 4.87 + log (0.5 /0.5)
pH = 4.87
13. 0.5F of electric current was passed through 5 molar solutions of AgNO3,CuSO4
and AlCl3 connected in series. Find out the concentration of each of the
electrolyte after the electrolysis?
Solution:
Amount of Ag deposited by passing 0.5F current = 108 x 0.5 = 54gm
Concentration of AgNO3 after the electrolysis = 5 - (54/108) M
= 5 0.5 = 4.5 M
Amount of Cu deposited by passing 0.5F current = 31.75 x 0.5 = 15.86gm
Concentration of CuSO4 after the electrolysis
= 5 - (15.86/63) M
= 5 0.5 = 4.75 M
Amount of Al deposited by passing 0.5F current = 9 x 0.5 = 4.5gm
Concentration of AlCl3 after the electrolysis
= 5 - (4.5/27) M
= 5 0.17 = 4.83 M

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14. Specific conductance of 1M KNO3 solution is observed to be

5.55 x10-3mho.cm-1. What is the equivalent conductance of KNO3 when one litre
of the solution is used?
Solution:
c = ( x 1000) /C
= (5.55 x 10-3 x 1000) / 1= 5.55 x 10-3 x 103
c = 5.55 mho.cm2.gm.equiv-1.

15.The equivalent conductances at infinite dilution of HCl, CH3COONa and NaCl

are 426.16, 91.0 and 126.45 ohm-1 cm2 gm.equivalent-1respectively.Calculate
the of acetic acid.(Oct-2010, Jun-2008, Oct-2013)
Solution:
CH3COOH = CH3COONa + HCl NaCl
CH3COOH = 91.0 + 426.16 126.45 = 390.71 ohm-1 cm2 gm.equivalent-1
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Created problem:
16. Find the pH of a buffer solution containing 0.30 moles per liter CH3COONa and
0.15 moles per litre CH3COOH, Ka for acetic acid is 1.8 x 10-5.
(Oct-2008)

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Like Problem number 11.

{ Ans: pKa = 4.7447

&

pH = 5.0457 }

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K N SUBRAMANI .M.Sc.B.Ed., PGT in Chemistry, VVMHSS, Karamadai Cbe 641 104