s thread and I have been reading all the messages with a lot of interest and res pect. Also, you playing the role of a mediator or an arbitrator is extremely nic e and kind. So Omer in his earlier note makes his case from the Sunni viewpoint when he stated and I quote, However, after Nabi Pak SAWS Allah has bestowed this responsibility of guidance to Ulema e Haq and Aulia e Haq. Omer then cites his o bservations and concludes by stating and I quote, So those ulema who stick to Qur an and Sunnah and don't mess up with the agreed upon interpretation are to be li stened to and followed. This is the conclusion I have reached and my heart is co ntent on this conclusion. I would like to present my case from a pluralistic Islamic point of view, which I will present in approximately 4 or 5 Parts and that will take some time (days) b ecause a lot of research goes into providing a logical and convincing response. As my viewpoints are based from the Koran, historical facts and commentaries by scholars, I have to be extra careful that I provide true and accurate informatio n or else face the severe penalties on the Day of Judgment. Allah swt says in Koran, Surah/Ayat: 39-60:- And on the day of resurrection you s hall see those who lied against Allah; their faces shall be blackened. Is there not in hell an abode for the proud? Thats the other reason for my delayed piecemeal response. I would appreciate that you hang on for any questions until the end of all the parts of my response are released which may take some time. Ill start off with the 1st part and at the en d of the last part perhaps the holistic response will make some sense (I hope). Part 1 - Initial Commentary: The Prophet Mohammed [pbuh] had two sources of authority, one religious which wa s the essential one of his life, and the other secular which, by the circumstanc es and accidents of his career, became joined to his essential and Divinely insp ired authority in religion. According to the Sunni school -- the majority of Mus lims -- the Prophet s religious authority came to an end at his death, and he ap pointed no successor to his secular authority. According to Sunni teaching, the faithful, the companions of the Prophet, the believers, elected Abu Bakr as his successor and his Khalif; but Abu Bakr assumed only the civil and secular power. No one had the authority to succeed to the religious supremacy, which depended on direct Divine inspiration, because the Prophet Mohammed and the Koran declare d definitely that he was the final messenger of God, the Absolute. Thus, say the Sunnis, it was impossible to constitute an authority similar to that of the Pap acy; it remained for the Faithful to interpret the Koran, the example and the sa yings of the Prophet, not only in order to understand Islam but to ensure its de velopment throughout the centuries. Fortunately the Koran has itself made this t ask easy, for it contains a number of verses which declare that Allah speaks to man in allegory and parable. Thus the Koran leaves the door open for all kinds o f possibilities of interpretation so that no one interpreter can accuse another of being non-Muslim. A felicitous effect of this fundamental principle of Islam that the Koran is constantly open to allegorical interpretation has been that ou r Holy Book has been able to guide and illuminate the thought of believers, cent ury after century, in accordance with the conditions and limitations of intellec tual apperception imposed by external influences in the world. It leads also to a greater charity among Muslims, for since there can be no cut-and-dried interpr etation, all schools of thought can unite in the prayer that the Almighty in His infinite mercy may forgive any mistaken interpretation of the Faith whose cause is ignorance or misunderstanding.
(The Library of New Testament Studies 89) Craig A. Evans - Word and Glory - On The Exegetical and Theological Background of John's Prologue-Bloomsbury T&T Clark (1993)