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AFR. CONGO

W 58? g

HARVARD UNIVERSITY

LIBRARY
or THE

PEABODY MUSEUM OF AMERICAN

ARCHAEOLOGY AND ETHNOLOGY
TRANSFERRED FROM

Widener
Received

April 4, 1962

GRAMMAR AND DICTIONARY OF

THE BOBANGI LANGUAGE

GRAMMAR AND DICTIONARY OF THE

BOBANGI LANGUAGE
AS SPOKEN OVER A PART OF THE UPPER CONGO
WEST CENTRAL AFRICA

COMPILED AND PREPARED FOR THE BAPTIST MISSIONARY

SOCIETY'S MISSION IN THE CONGO lNDEPENDENT STATE

BY JOHN WHITE HEAD

MISSIONARY OF THE BAPTIST MISSIONARY SOCIETY
ON THE UPPER CONGO

LONDON

PUBLISHED BY THE BAPTIST MISSIONARY SOCIETY

19, FURNIVAL STREET, HOLBORN, E.C
AND

KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRt)BNER & Co LTD

PATERNOSTER HOUSE, CHARING CROSS ROAD, W.C
l899

s
IKKVttir-Cfal&VUB&J&i
Of....
FBIf

BUTLER & TANNER,

THE SELWOOD PRINTING WORKS,
FROME, AND LONDON.

PREFACE
THE history of the tribe which is known by the name Bobangi has yet to
be recovered from the memories of the older inhabitants and from the folk
lore of the tribe. It is, however, especially difficult to ascertain dates
with any accuracy, or to arrange events in chronological order, for no two
people will tell what they know of any particular event or events in the
same order.
The representatives of the original tribe are fast disappearing, and the
few that remain may be counted on the fingers ; but their slave descend
ants, and the strangers who have come to dwell in their midst and speak
their language, are to be found along the south bank of the Congo from or
below the junction of the Kasai with the Congo to Irebu, also along the
banks of the Mobangi River for two or three days by steamer, and on the
north bank at Bakutu (opposite Lukolela), and perhaps at Nkonda, a
district on the north bank between Bolobo and Lukolela. The other
tribes in the Bobangi area (the Moi people at Bolobo, the Likuba people on
the north bank, the Bonga people at the mouth of the Sanga, the Mpama
people behind Lukolela, the Ngombe people at Lilanga at the mouth of
the Mobangi and on the opposite south bank of the Congo, the Losakani
at Irebu, the tribes of Lake Mantumba), together with the various tribes on
the river banks to a little distance beyond the district known to Europeans
as Bangala, use the Bobangi language as a common means of intercom
munication, and more or less among themselves.
The place whence the Bobangi came to reside on the Congo banks is
still a puzzle both to the people themselves and to the students of their
history, but the most common opinion amongst the natives is that their
forefathers came from the spit of land at the junction of the Mobangi
River (called by the natives mai ma Bobangi), with the Congo, the third
boundary of which was somewhere about or beyond Bangala. The penin
sula thus formed by the two rivers is frequently mentioned in conversation
and proverb as Esika e Bobangi (the island of the Bobangi). The various
tribes inhabiting the banks of the Congo from Irebu to beyond Bangala, the
tribes of Lake Mantumba, and the tribe in Mpama are all claimed as near
kinsmen by blood relationship. At any rate, wherever their original home

( vi )
may have been, it is quite evident that the Bobangi now found on the Congo
from the mouth of the Kasai to Irebu have not been there very long, but are
emigrants from some place farther up the river.
It will be gathered from the foregoing remarks that the Bobangi lan
guage is the most important one from Stanley Pool to beyond Bangala. It
is also the basis of the eclectic "trade " language used by the officers of
the Congo Independent State, by traders and other travellers, and further
copied from them by the strangers from other parts of the Congo brought
to the various posts and stations to act as servants and labourers.
These facts justify the present publication of a Dictionary and Grammar
of the real Bobangi language as far as it has been possible to gather it. It
is still more justified by the fact that the greater part of the literature on
the Upper Congo is in the Bobangi language, and is still increasing ; and
it is further proposed to translate the Scriptures and other useful books into
it. Already gospels, hymn-books, and other Bobangi literature are largely
used in the schools of the American Baptist Missionary Union at Bwemba,
Irebu, and Ikoko (Lake Mantumba) ; of the Congo-Balolo Mission at
Lulanga ; and of the Baptist Missionary Society at Bolobo and Lukolela.
Beyond the few words in the small vocabularies of Stanley and other
travellers, nothing helpful in the study. of the language of the Bobangi
people appeared until Dr. Sims, of the American Baptist Missionary Union,
at Leopoldville, published a little handbook in 1888-9. This was found
very useful, although as the knowledge of the language increased it became
inadequate.
Mr. Darby, of the Baptist Missionary Society, Lukolela, towards the
end of 1889 had collected a large number of words and useful gramma
tical rules, and, indeed, laid the foundation of the future literary study
of the Bobangi language ; later on Mr. Glennie, of the Baptist Missionary
Society, Bolobo, also studied the language, and prepared a vocabulary on
the basis of the MS. of Mr. Darby. The results of the studies of these
two brethren have been .carefully examined in the preparation of the
present work.
In the end of 1893 I began, at the request of various brethren interested
in the Bobangi language, to gather together material from every available
source for a future Dictionary and Grammar. ' Mr. Darby very kindly lent
me his MS. as far as he had written up the English-Bobangi section (this
was as far as the letter P), and I had the advantage also of the notes
of Messrs. Scrivener and Clark, who did all in their power to help me.
By this time also there had been printed a primer, hymn-book, two or three
reading-books, and the Gospel according to Matthew. The way in which
these were received by those of the natives who had learnt to read, and
the opinions these books had elicited as to the construction of sentences
and the meaning of words, greatly helped in the attainment of accuracy.

( vii )
In June, 1895, I received a letter from the Committee of the Baptist
Missionary Society (of which I am privileged to be a missionary) instruct
ing me to continue the work I had entered upon, and give as much time
as possible to the preparation of a Dictionary and Grammar of the Bobangi
Language, which should be taken as the standard for future literary work.
This I have striven to do to the utmost of my ability and opportunity.
Through the grace of our Heavenly Father, my wife and I have been kept
in good health through all the trials of residence in Congo, and have been
permitted to complete the preparation of the MS. of this Dictionary and
Grammar for the press. The Committee and my colleagues in Congo
liberated me from other duties as much as was possible and expedient, so
that I might attend closely to this special work. The opportunities thus
afforded were gratefully appreciated by myself and my wife.
Since my arrival at Lukolela on New Year's Day, 189I, the principal
part of my time has been spent at that place, but, through the kind invita
tions of Messrs. Billington and Glenesk at Bwemba, of Messrs. Moody
and Hall at Irebu, and of Mr. Scrivener and my colleagues at Bolobo, I
was able to spend some days at Bwemba and Irebu, and two or three
months at Bolobo. These brethren very kindly allowed me to look over
the whole of their notes and compositions in the language, and rendered
me every possible assistance, and I wish very heartily to thank them for
their kindness. I trespassed still further on the kindness of Mr. Scrivener,
who undertook for me the task of making inquiries at Bolobo concerning
certain words the meanings of which I could .not ^trace at Lukolela.
Some of the results of these inquiries I could not embody in the Dictionary,
owing to the fact that I was not able, for lack of time, on my homeward
journey, to satisfy myself as to the exact nature of the vowels in such
words ; a list of the words, however, I have appended to the BobangiEnglish section for future reference.
I was requested, on leaving Congo, to incorporate in the Dictionary
words to represent useful articles in the home and workshop, for which
the natives had no names, the articles being of very recent introduction,
and largely limited to the area of a European station. The method
decided upon for obtaining these words was as follows / derive if possible
from- the Kisi-Kongo, and failing this, from the French, and if great
difficulty arose in transliterating French terms, take the terms in English
if they offer easier aspects. I have done this to a very limited extent, pre
ferring in many cases to use short descriptive phrases from the vernacular
in place of transliterations.
In the work of transcription and sorting of slips, and revision and
correction of the MS., I have been very ably assisted by the faithful and
untiring labour of my dear wife, and later on, after our arrival in England,
by her brother, Mr. T. A. Gordon.

My thanks are also due and heartily tendered to two college friends,
Revs. W. S. Lord (of Measham), and J. J. Hargreaves (of Salford), for
reading over with me the MS. of the Grammar, and for numerous sugges
tions and corrections, so far as the English of it is concerned.
Not the least deserving of thanks are my two native helpers, Monkako
and Bokakola. May God richly bless them both. The work, day after
day, was no easy task for them ; the discussions were necessarily mono
tonous and weary, sometimes a severe task to their patience and temper,
but with loving devotion they held on to the end. To Monkako is entirely
due any accuracy in the representation of the phonetic value of vowels, in
the discovery and revision of which he has displayed considerable ability.
I owe ti great deal, also, to Mr. Bentley's Dictionary and Grammar of
the Kongo Language for the elucidation of many of the principles involved
in the study of a Bantu tongue, and for suggestions which are too many
to detail here.
I wish very heartily to thank all who have, in even the slightest way,
rendered me assistance in my task.
May God richly bless this Dictionary and Grammar to the use of the
Missionaries of the Gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ, and may the book
help in the salvation of the Upper Congo tribes. I trust also that the
book may be found of service to the Officers of the State, to traders and
to other travellers.
I fear that many errors and imperfections which have passed my notice
will soon be observed in the work, but these I am most anxious to remedy
as far as I can, when they may be pointed out or discovered. May God
forgive all blemishes and use the results of my study of the Bobangi
language to glorify Himself.
JOHN WHITEHEAD.
February, 1899.

INDEX
ORTHOGRAPHY, //. 1-8.
ALPHABET, /. i.
DOUBLE CONSONANTS, /. 2.
(1) Nasal and Semi-consonant Combinations.
(2) Both combined.
(3) Separation of European Consonant Combinations.
g 3. PRONUNCIATION OF DOUBLE CONSONANTS,//. 2, 3.
( i) General rule for use of m and n.
(2) Pronunciation of mpo and nganda.
(3) Pronunciation of engbele and kbbkoto.
(4) Pronunciation of w and y as semi-consonants.
4. THE TONES OF THE VOWELS, //. 3, 4.
5. VOWEL COMBINATIONS, /. 4.
8 6. SYLLABLES, /. 4.
7. ACCENT,/. 5.
8. EUPHONY,//. 5,6.
(1) D and g.
(2) Change of l, a, y, with a nasal prefix.
(3) Change of w with a nasal prefix.
(4) Change of ll before a vowel.
(5) O changed into w.
(6) General rule for i, 0 and b, d.
9. WEAK CONSONANTS, /. 7.
(1) L and y.
(2) Y and w.
(3) K and y.
S 10. ELISION OF VOWELS,/. 7.
S 1 1. ALLITERATIVE AGREEMENT, p. 8.
ETYMOLOGY, //. 9-56.
12. NOUNS,/. 9.
13. CLASSIFICATION OF NOUNS,/. 9.
14. CLASS I, /. 9.
(i) Prefixes and Examples.

(x )

is- CLASS 2, p. 10.

(1) Prefixes and Examples.
(2) Effect of Euphonic Change and Elision.
16. CLASS 3, p. 10.
(i) Prefixes and Examples.
17. CLASS 4, /. n.
(i) Prefixes and Examples.
18. CLASS 5, /. n.
(1) Prefixes and Examples.
[Class i.
(2) Names of Persons in this class similar in form to those in
(3) Some nouns in this class always plural.
19. CLASS 6, pp. n, 12.
(1) Prefixes.
(2) Operation of Euphonic Law and Examples.
(3) Effect of Elision of Consonants and Vowels.
(4) Exception.
20. CLASS, T,pp. 12, 13.
( i ) Prefixes and Examples.
(2) Euphonic Changes and Elision of Vowels.
(3) Exceptions.
CLASS, 8, /. 13.
(1) Prefixes and Examples.
(2) Collective Nouns.
CLASS 9, pp. 13, 14.
(1) Prefixes and Examples.
(2) Effect of Elision of Vowels.
(3) Exceptions.
23. CLASS 10 ; Prefixes and Examples, /. 14.
24. CLASS n, pp. 14, 15.
(1) Prefixes and Examples.
(2) Effect of Euphonic Change and Elision of Vowels.
(3) Nouns not affected by Euphonic Law.
(4) Exception.
(5) Effect of Elision of Prefix on some nouns with nasal initials.
(6) Names of Persons in this class.
25. DERIVATION OF NOUNS FROM Nouxs. ABSTRACT NOUNS,/. 15.
26. COLLECTIVE NOUNS,/. 15.
27. SYNOPSIS OF THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE NOUN,/. 16.
28. REDUPLICATION OF NOUNS,/. 17.
(1) Nouns denoting Quality.
(2) Nouns denoting Persons or Things.
(3) Nouns denoting Time.
(4) Nouns denoting Time and used in the Plural.

( xi )

29. ADJECTIVES,/. 17.

30. DECLINABLE ADJECTIVES, pp. 17, 18.
(1) Definition.
(2) List of Declinable Adjectives.
(3) Enclitic Adjectives.
31. INDECLINABLE ADJECTIVES. Definition. Examples, /. 1 8.
32. NOUNAL ADJECTIVES, pp. 18, 19.
(1) Definition.
(2) Agreement.
(3) Singular Noun qualified by Nounal Adjective in the Plural.
(4) Plural Noun qualified by Nounal Adjective in the Singular.
33. ADJECTIVAL PARTICLE, /. 19.
(1) Meaning and Use.
(2) Translation of Particle.
(3) Rendering of Particle when enclitics are added.
34. TABLE OF THE CONCORDING PREFIX AND THE ADJECTIVAL PAR
TICLE, /. 20.
35. COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES, /. 20.
36. REDUPLICATION OF ADJECTIVES, p. 20.
% 37. PRONOMINAL ADJECTIVAL NOUNS,//. 20, 21.
38. ABSTRACT ADJECTIVAL NOUNS, /. 21.
39. DEMONSTRATIVE ADJECTIVES,/. 21.
(1) 3 positions.
(2) Tones of the Particles and the Effect of the Enclitics.
(3) Absolute form of Demonstrative Adjectives.
(4) Abstract form of Demonstrative Adjectives.
40. NUMERALS, /. 22.
(1) Cardinal Numbers.
(2) I-S(3) Absolute form for I 5.
(4) List of Numerals.
(5) Combining numbers.
(6) Counting beyond a million.
41. ORDINAL NUMERALS, /. 23.
42. REDUPLICATION OF NUMERALS,/. 23.
43. FRACTIONS,/. 23.
44. PERSONAL PRONOUNS, p. 23.
45. CLASS PRONOUNS, //. 23, 24.
46. REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS, /. 24.
(1) Formations.
(2) Use of momene and nzoto.

47. DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS, /. 24.

48. POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS, /. 24.

( xii )

49. INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS,/. 24.

50. RELATIVE PRONOUNS, p. 24.
51. ADVERBS, //. 24-27.

52.

53.
54.

55.

(1) List of principal Adverbs.

(2) Interrogative Adverbs.
(3) List of the Equivalents of some English Adverbs.
PREPOSITIONS, pp. 27, 28.
( I ) Preposition of Direction.
(2) Preposition of Instrument and Association.
(3) Meaning of Preposition of Direction.
(4) Modification of Preposition of Direction.
(5) Meaning of Preposition of Instrument and Association.
(6) Other words used as Prepositions.
(7) List of the Equivalents of some English Prepositions.
(8) The preposition for.
CONJUNCTIONS. List of the principal Conjunctions, /. 28.
VERB, //. 28-33.
(1) 1st or Simple Conjugation.
(2) 2nd or ana Conjugation.
(3) 3rd or ola Conjugation.
(4) 4th or ia Conjugation.
(5) 5th or tana Conjugation.
(6) 6th or bana Conjugation.
(7) 7th or ngana Conjugation.
(8) 8th or (l)ala Conjugation.
(9) gth or Reduplicated Conjugation.
(10) loth or ila Conjugation.
(n) nth or ma Conjugation.
(12) I2th or etela Conjugation.
(13) 13111 or ta Conjugation.
(14) 1 4th or ba Conjugation.
(15) 1 5th or ya Conjugation.
(16) 16th or sana Conjugation.
(17) I7thor Irregular Conjugation.
FORMS, //. 33-37.
(1) Active Form.
(2) Stative Form.
(3) Passive Form.
(a) Contraction in C 3.
(b) No elision in C 4.
(4) Causative Form.
(a) Causatives in -isa.
(b) Causatives in -inya.

( xiii )

55. FORMS (continued).

56.

(5) Applied Form.

(a) Apparent Applied.
(K) Meaning of the Applied of Intransitive Verbs.
(c) Applied Ending and Examples of use on other Forms.
(d) Ending not Modified in C 4, C 5, C 6, C 10, C 16.
(e) Appearance of Applied in C 3.
(6) Reciprocal Form.
(a) Active Form.
(b) Causative Form.
(c) Ending of Active Form.
(d) Ending of Causative Form.
MOOD, //. 37-40.
(1) Infinitive Mood.
(a) Simple Infinitive.
(b) Tense Infinitive.
(2) Imperative Mood.
(a) Immediate Imperative.
(b) Subsequent Imperative.
(c) Emphatic Imperative.
(d) Co-hortative Imperative.
(e) Interjective Imperative.
(/) Negative Imperative.
(3) Indicative Mood.
(a) Present Indefinite.
(b) Present Continuative.
(c) Present Progressive.
(d) Present Progressive Continuative.
(e) Future Indefinite.
(f) Future Indefinite Continuative.
(g) Future Definite.
(h) Recent.
(i) Perfect.
(/) Past Indefinite.
(/) Past Definite.
(/) Past Indefinite Continuative.
(/n) Past Definite Continuative.
() Recurrent.
(0) Definite Tenses.
(/) Future Definite sometimes used as an exclamatory
reply.
(?) The Perfect, Recent and Definite Tenses of the verb to

be.

 56. MOOD (continued).

(4) Subjunctive Mood.
(a) Present and Present Continuative.
(b) Past and Past Continuative.
(c) Use Subjunctive Present as a narrative tense.
(5) Purportive Mood.
(6) Comparative Mood.
(a) Tense when Comparative appears in two co-ordinate
sentences.
(b) Tense when Comparative appears in first of two co
ordinate sentences.
(c) Tense when Comparative appears in second of two co
ordinate sentences.
57. PRONOMINAL PREFIXES,//. 40, 41.
(1) Two kinds / Subjective and Objective.
(2) List of Personal Pronominal Prefixes.

58.
59.
60.
61.

(3) Class Pronominal Prefixes.

FORMATIVE SYLLABLES, /. 40.
INVERSION,/. 41.
MODELS FOR MOODS AND TENSES, p. 41.
INFINITIVE MOOD, /. 42.

(1) Simple Infinitive.

(2) Simple Infinitive in Objective Adjectival Clause.
(3) When an Object follows the Infinitive Mood in an inversion.
62. IMPERATIVE MOOD, pp. 42-43.
(1) Imperative Immediate.
(2) Imperative Subsequent.
(3) Imperative Emphatic.
(4) Imperative Co-hortative.
(5) Imperative Interjective.
(6) Imperative Hortative.
(7) Imperative Negative.
(a) and (b) Modifications of the Negative Endings.
63. INDICATIVE MOOD, pp. 43-47.
(1) Present Indefinite.
(a) Modification on Monosyllabic Verbs.
(*) The use of Examples for other Tenses.
(c) The Effect of Inversion on the Present Indefinite.
(2) Present Continuative.
(3) Present Progressive.
(4) Present Progressive Continuative.
(5) Future Indefinite.
(6) Future Continuative.
(a) The Future Preformative in a related dialect.

 63. INDICATIVE MOOD (continued).

(7) Future Definite.
(8) Recent.
(9) Perfect.
(10) Past Indefinite.
(a) Effect of Inversion of the Past Indefinite.
(n) Past Definite.
(12) Past Continuative.
(a) Effect of Inversion on the Past Continuative.
(b) The Modification of the Tense by the Moi people.
(13) Past Definite Continuative.
(14) Recurrent.
64. SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD, //. 47, 48.
(1) Present.
(2) Present Continuative.
(3) fast.
(4) Past Continuative.
(5) Subjunctive of Interrogation.
65. COMPARATIVE MOOD, p. 48.
66. PURPORTIVE MOOD, //. 48, 49.
(1) Present.
(2) Future.
(3) Past.
(4) Recurrent.
67. IRREGULAR CONJUGATION, /. 49.
68. OBJECTIVE PRONOMINAL PREFIXES, pp. 49, 50.
(1) Objective Personal Pronominal Prefixes.
(2) Objective Class Pronominal Prefixes.
(3) The Tones of the Objective Pronominal Prefixes.
(4) The Place of the Objective Pronominal Prefixes.
(5) These Pronominals not Reflexive.
(6) Examples.
(7) The Reflexive Pronominal Prefix in use at Irebu.
69. NEGATIVE SENTENCES, p. 50.
70. DERIVATION OF NOUNS FROM VERBS,//. 50-53.
( i ) Occasional Agent.
(2) The Resultant.
(3) The Gerund.
(4) Cognates.
(5) Derivative of Numbered Action.
(6) Derivative of Manner or Place.
(7) Derivative of Time.
(8) Derivative of Incongruity.

( xvi )

70. DERIVATION OF NOUNS FROM VERBS (continued).

(9) Derivative of Instrument.
( 10) Derivative of Ability.

(n) Participle of Exact Definition.

(12) Participle of Co-incident Action.
71. DERIVATION OF ADJECTIVES FROM VERES, //. 53-56.
(1) Declinable Adjectives.
(a) The use of the Future Definite and the Past Continuative.
(b) The meaning of these uses.
(c) These Adjectives used absolutely. Examples.
(2) Indeclinable Adjectives.
(a) Irregular Derivations from Verbs of C i.
(b) Regular Derivation in C 2, C 5, C 6, C 7, C8, C 13,
C 16.
(<i) Derivation in C 3.
(d) Derivation in C 4.
(e) Derivation in C 5.
(/) Derivation in C 6.
(g) Derivation in C 7.
(/<) Derivation in C 8.
(/) Derivation in C 9.
(/) Derivation in C 10.
(h) Derivation in C n.

SYNTAX, //. 57-80.

SENSES OF NOUNS, /. 57.
Rule i. Subjective Sense.
Rule 2.

73.
74.

75.
76.
77.
78.

79.

Objective Sense.

Rule 3. Definitive Sense.

VOCATIVE EXPRESSION, p. 57.
GENDER, /. 58.
Rules I and 2. Agreement of Definitive Noun with Subject.
COMPLEMENTARY SUBJECT, p. 58.
COMPLEMENTARY OBJECT, /. 58.
TEMPORARY SUBJECT,/. 59.
COMPOUND SUBJECT, pp. 59, 60.
Rules I, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. The concord for qualifying clauses.
EMPHATIC SUBJECT,/. 60.

( xvii )

80. CONSECUTIVE OBJECTS, p. 61.

Rules I and 2. Order of precedence of Objective Nouns and
Pronominal Prefixes.
Si. VERBS WITH Two OBJECTS, //. 6I, 62.
82. EMPHATIC OBJECT, p. 62.
83. THE OBJECTIVE PRONOMINAL PREFIX FOR PERSONS, /. 62.
84. EMPHATIC PRECEDENCE OF OBJECT,/. 62.
85. NOUNS FOLLOWED BV OBJECTIVE NOUNS, /. 62.
(1) With the Gerund.
(2) With the Derivative of the Occasional Agent.
(3) With certain other words.
86. ADJECTIVAL CLAUSE, pp. 63-65.
( I ) Meaning of Adjectival Clause.
(2) The use of the enclitic of possession before Pronouns.
(3) The expression of the Article.
(4) The construction of a title.
(5) General rule for agreement of Definitive Clauses.
Exceptions I and 2.
87. CONSECUTIVE ADJECTIVAL CLAUSES, pp. 65, 66.
( I ) The place of the Possessive Clause.
(2) The place of the Quantitative Clause.
(3) The place of the Demonstrative Adjective.
(4) The place for the Relatival Clause.
(5) The Conjunction for Consecutive Adjectives.
88. CONVERSION O.F ADJECTIVAL CLAUSE, p. 66.
89. COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES,//. 66, 67.
(1) Chiefly affected by Verbs.
(2) The Comparative and Superlative expression.
(3) Comparison of Abstract Idea of the Adjectives.
(4) Comparison of Indeclinable Adjectives.
(5) The use of ebali.
90. INVERSION OF ATTRIBUTE, /. 67.
91. INDECLINABLE ADJECTIVES,//. 67, 68.
92. INDECLINABLE ADJECTIVES AS ADVERBS, /. 68.
93. DEMONSTRATIVE ADJECTIVES,/. 68.
94. INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS, //. 68, 69.
95. GENERALIZING PHRASE, /. 69.
96. RELATIVAL CLAUSE, //. 69, 70.
(1) The Difference from other Constructions.
Rules I, 2, and 3. The place of the Relatival Clause.
(2) The absolute use of the Relatival Clause.
(3) The clause may be Subjective or Objective.
(4) Examples.
(5) The use of okambe.

( xviii )

97. PARTICLE OF INTERROGATIVE CONTRAST,//. 70, 71.

(1) Model for the contrast of less with greater.
(2) Complicated example.
(3) Model for contrast of greater with less.
98. PREPOSITIONS, /. 71.
(1) The rule for the use of the enclitic.
(2) The Preposition for in certain English Words.
99. OBJECTIVE RELATIVAL CLAUSES, //. 7I, 72.
(1) Simple Infinitive.
(2) The Object following the Infinitive.
(3) Indirect Object with Statives and Passives.
(4) The statement of the Subject.
(5) Any Tense Infinitive used.
(6) Indicating the instrument by which an action is performed.
100. USE OF THE INFINITIVE AS A PARTICIPLE, pp. 72, 73.
(1) With the abstract Demonstrative Adjective.
(2) Reduplication.
101. SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD,/. 73.
(1) After Hypothetical Words or Phrases.
(2) In an Interjective Sense.
102. COMPARATIVE MOOD, /. 73.
103. PURPORTIVE MOOD, //. 73-75.
(1) To denote the purpose of another verb.
(2) After Attributive Clause.
(3) The use of the Infinitive in similar cases.
(4) With the impersonal rendering of Attributive Clauses.
(5) Mode of rendering the same by Subjunctive.
(6) Any Tense of Purportive used.
,
(7) As an exclamation of rebuke.
(8) With nyo and oni.
(9) With kani.
(10) With tuse.
(n) In hypotheses.
104. CONSTRUCTION OF PASSIVES AND CAUSATIVES IN C 8, C9, C 10,
C n, p. 76.
105. QUESTIONS,/. 76.
(1) In any Tense.
(2) The Subjunctive Present.
(3) The omission of yisa.
106. NEGATIVE CONSTRUCTIONS, //. 76-79.
Rules I, 2, and 3. The use of ka, te, and d.
(1) Negativing the Copula and Attribute.
(2) The models of Negative Sentences.

 io6. NEGATIVE CONSTRUCTIONS (continued).

(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(n)

The omission of nde.

Negativing many Objects in one Sentence.
The effect of a Conjunction.
A reason for the Negative follows the Negative Particle.
Objects after the Negative Imperative.
Negative Objective Relatival Clause.
Indirect Question requiring assent.
Indirect Questions requiring dissent.
Obsolete Negative Verb to be.

107. PARTICIPLE OF EXACT DEFINITION, /. 79.

(1) Use with a Noun.
(2) Strengthening the Definition.
(3) Exclusion of side issues.
(4) Intransitive expression of a Transitive Verb.
108. PARTICIPLE OF CO-INCIDENT ACTION,/. 79.
(1) Use in the second part of a Compound Sentence.
(2) Use in the first part of a Compound Sentence.
109. CONSTRUCTIONS WITH yisa,/. 80.
NOTES ON THE USE OF THE DICTIONARY, //. 83, 84.
BOBANGI-ENGLISH DICTIONARY,//. 85-255.
ENGLISH- BOBANGI DICTIONARY, //. 259-496.
CORRECTIONS AND ADDITIONS,//. 497-499.

GRAMMAR OF THE BOBANGI

LANGUAGE

BOBANGI GRAMMAR.
ORTHOGRAPHY.
i. ALPHABET. Nineteen characters from the Roman Alphabet
serve to denote the sounds in use among the Bobangi people. Their pho
netic value and names in Bobangi, and their equivalents in English, are
here given /
a pronounced a
b
,,
be
c
,,
ce
d
,.
de
e
,,

ge
S
*
1

k
l
m
a
o

,,
,,
,,
,,
,,

me

t
u

,,

se
te

,,

,,
,,

ke
le
ne
o
pe

we
ye
ze

as a
,,be
,, tse
,, de
a
,, ge
ee
,,ke
,, le
,, me
,, ne
,, ou
.. Pe
se
te

in father.
,, be\\.
,, itself.

,, den.

,, bale.
,, <-t.
,, peel.
,, heg.
,, let.
,, met.
,, net.
,, brought.
,,pet.
,, set.
,, MI.
,, 00 ,, pool.
i/ we ,, wet.
,, ye ,, yet.
,, dze ,, adse-edge.

To these must be added the modification of e and b marked in this

Grammar and Dictionary as e and d. There is no equivalent in English
for the sound of e, and none seems to occur in any Saxon or Latin tongue,
but the sound appears to occur in Scandinavian languages ; the sound of
e is exactly midway between e and l as noted in the above alphabet.
The sound of d is represented in English, it is pronounced as o in note or
aa in coat.
B

( 2 )

2. DOUBLE CONSONANTS, (i) These only occur (a) when the

nasals m and n are prefixed to other consonants, as in mbula, nkana ;
and (b) when the semi-consonants b, w, and y are affixed to other conso
nants, as in ligbu, bwa, nyala, nyokwa.
(2) A consonant may have a nasal prefix as well as a semi-consonant
affix, as in mbwa, ngbe, ngwala.
(3) It may be noted here that when imitating European words in which
there is a doubling of consonants other than those referred to above, the
natives invariably divide them with a vowel, whichever may seem to be
most euphonious for the consonant or in harmony with the remaining
vowels of the word. Among the most common are the divisions of l, r,
and a from other consonants with which they are compounded. The most
frequent vowel introduced between l or r and any other consonant is the
vowel u, as in the imitation of francpulanki. Between a and another
consonant the most common vowel introduced is e or i, as in stew sitiu,
These usages are sometimes modified by the attraction of the other vowels
of the word, especially when the other vowels are all of the same name, as
in the native rendering of ftrzV-ilibiliki.
3. PRONUNCIATION OF DOUBLE CONSONANTS, (i) The
pronunciation of the consonants in the combinations common to Bobangi
occasionally presents some difficulty to the European. So, for the sake of
those who experience this difficulty, a few rules are here given for correctly
pronouncing them. In Bobangi m may only be prefixed to the consonants
1> and p (w when appearing in combination with m is a semi-consonant),
while n can be prefixed to e, d, g, k, t and z (y in combination with n is a
semi-consonant).
(2) To illustrate these nasal pronunciations we will take the words
(a) mpo, rat, and (//) nganda, fishing-camp. (a) Mpocommence
to pronounce the syllable mo very slowly, and, before the vowel is pro
nounced, let the m merge into a p, and then give the vowel, and mpo
will be the result. If we take the English word impost, and, remember
ing the sounds of the vowels, pronounce the word as if it were divided
into syllables, as i-mpost, letting the voice rest after pronouncing the
syllable /', an approximation to mpo will be heard in the mpo of the syllable
mpost. (b) Nganda commence with the pronunciation of na very
slowly, and before the vowel escapes the lips let the n merge into g
(hard), and then give the vowel, and nga will be the result. Proceed in
exactly the same way with nda. To illustrate from English, take the
words sing-and-amuse-iis, and give the vowel a the long sound of a as in
the Bobangi alphabet, and, keeping the sound of the vowels well in mind,
repeat the words and pause after each syllable, having first divided the

(3)

words into syllables thus / si-nga-nda-muse-us, and the syllables nga-nda,

uttered together will be a good imitation of the Bobangi word.
(3) The combination with b occasions more difficulty, occurring as it
does most frequently in connection with the nasal prefix on the consonant
g. So far it has only been heard in one word with g when this letter has
no nasal prefix, namely, in ligbu, a hind of caterplllar. The only other
letter with which b combines in this semi- consonant form is the letter k.
To illustrate the proper pronunciation take the two words, (a) engbele,
cassava bread; and (b) kbbkbto, rough, (a) Engbele first proceed as
directed for the nasal combination, and before the vowel is given let
the g merge lightly into a b, and then let the vowel escape. The syllable
ngbe is pronounced if we take the English words sing-belter, and pronounce
them as if divided into syllables, thus / si-ngbe-tter. (b) The kbo of
kbokoto will be heard approximately in the English word bachbone if we
pronounce it divided into syllables, thus / ba-chbone. It should be remem
bered to give the ng or k more force than b in pronunciation.
(4) The semi-consonants w and y represent vowels reduced for euphony's
sake. W represents o or u, and y represents i. W is pronounced as in
the English word twenty, and y as i in companion, when this latter word
is pronounced as if divided into syllables, as com-pa-nion.
4. THE TONES OF THE VOWELS. Any of the vowels may
receive a raised or a lowered tone irrespective of accent. This is regarded
by the natives as of more importance than the accent. This raising and
lowering of the tone of the vowels is similar to the use in English of long
and short vowels. The difference between tone and accent will recall to
students of Latin the distinctions of quality and quantity, and the Bobangi
language will afford full scope for the exercise of those distinctions. In
this Dictionary the sign ~ will be used over the vowels which have the
lowered tone, and usually the vowels which have the raised tone will be
left unmarked, but should occasion arise to denote the tone more explicitly
the sign " will be placed over the vowel. In the cases of the modified 6
and d the sign * will be used for the lowered tone, and the sign ~ will be
used to denote the raised tone of the same sort of vowel.
In speaking of the vowels e, e, e. e, b, o, d, o, and of any rules or modi
fication of their uses when these are held to be true, whether the vowel has
a raised tone or a lowered one, the vowels will be referred to with their
lowered tone sign over them, thus / e, d, b, d.
Examples of the approximate sounds of these raised and lowered tones
are here appended /

( 4 )
Raised Tones.

a as a in fat
e as e in n<cl
e as e in sted (Danish)
i as / in p/11
o as o in not

Lowered Tones,

a as a in father
e as a in mate
e as e in bcgynde (Danish)
i as c in peel
b as ou in brought

o as n in nut (nearly)

d as o in pole

u as u in pz/11

ii as oo in pool.

To illustrate the importance of learning each word with the proper tone
of the vowels, and especially of the one which has the main accent, it will
suffice to give a few examples in which a great discrepancy can occur if the
proper pronunciation is not given /
Banza, to attach. but Banza, to blame.
Beke, to count, but Beke, to bring.
Beka, to predict, but Beka, to borrow.
Pita, to be poor, but Pita, to surpass.
Solo, to choose, but Sblo, to spearfish.
Somba, to buy, but Somba, to hurl down.
Sunga, to subdue, but Sunga, to help.
These examples are all verbs, but many nouns and other words will be
observed in the Dictionary which differ in meaning as the tone changes.
The natives are very skilful in interpreting our slips of speech, and gener
ally arrive at the meaning of what we wish to say ; but mistakes as to the
right meaning are frequently unavoidable if the right tone be not given to
the vowels. No rule can be given for those nouns which are not traceable
to verbs, but for derivative nouns when the root vowel of the verb is learnt
the distribution of the tones is according to rule. The rules for this distri
bution of the tones will be given in order as the various forms of the words
come up for examination in the Grammar [see also 8 (6)].
5. VOWEL COMBINATIONS. These should not be regarded as
diphthongs, for each vowel receives its true unmodified alphabetical value
with the raised or lowered tone as required, and this is really the case, not
withstanding the rapidity of enunciation. It should be carefully borne in
mind that the writing of the language is strictly phonetical, and that the
phonetic value of each letter has been indicated in i. This has been
strictly adhered to in the reduction of the language to writing.
6. SYLLABLES. Every syllable ends in a vowel, never in a con
sonant. The only apparent exception is in the approach to a closed
syllable in the word for tenzbmu, which is frequently heard without the
final u as zbm. But this is explained as follows / the Bobangi have a

( 5 )
way of counting or stating numbers, by which the last syllable of the num
ber mentioned is supplied by the listener repeating the whole number, or
in default of this by the speaker himself doing so, and it is when giving
the first syllable zb of zomu that a faint m is heard as if anticipating the
second syllable.
7. A CCENT. This is almost invariable, and for nouns it is usually
placed on the first syllable of the word when stripped of its alliterative
prefix. For verbs it is on the first syllable of the root. Each alternate
syllable, whether before or after this main accented one, receives a secondary
accent. Sometimes in nouns the accent may seem to fall on the allitera
tive prefix, but that this is not the case will be seen on referring to 10.
This is owing to the elision of the vowel of the alliterative prefix, but
where any seeming exception occurs to the rule here given the accent will
be marked by the sign '.
It is very important that a correct idea of accent be obtained, so that
the modulations of voice, apart from the raising and the lowering of the
tones of the vowels, may be duly appreciated and fluency thereby attained.
This is particularly important to those who are desirous of giving the peo
ple proper translations of Christian hymns, so that when these are sung
they shall have in them nothing out of harmony with musical accent. It
must not be overlooked that rhythm is an essential factor in native pro
verbs and songs, and just as English rhythm is dependent on accent and
not on length of vowels, so in Bobangi, rhythm depends on the places of
accent and not on the raising or lowering of the tones of the vowels. Al
though the Bobangi do not seem able to explain the reason of their choice,
in the rhythmic rendering of a proverb it is surprising how quickly they
denounce as " bad " any jar in the rhythm. It may be also mentioned
that if the hymns be not rhythmic in composition, the folk, if they take
well to the tune, will make them rhymthic even to the obliteration of the
sense of the various sentences.
8. EUPHONY, (i) D and g do not usually occur without a nasal
prefix, although these are readily pronounced without such prefix by the
natives. Some students of the Bobangi language, however, assert that
the syllable ll, which occurs mostly as an alliterative prefix, is pronounced
di. This seems almost so in certain cases, for the l is at times so feeble
in the pronunciation of some speakers that it approximates to d. This
is largely due, it is thought by others, to the difficulty which some who
have lost their front teeth experience in saying l accompanied by the vowel
i. If it be thought that words are heard with the prefix di- such should
be sought for in the Dictionary under ll-.

( 6 )
(2) When l, s or y receives a nasal prefix the n requires a change in
these letters. L after a nasal changes into d, a into c and y into z, as /
Ndiimu, plural of lolemu,, a tongue.
Ncanga, plural of losanga, a barb.
Nzembo, plural of loyembo, a song.
(3) When the nasal m is prefixed to a syllable commencing with w, w
becomes a semi-consonant, and its full force as a consonant is represented
by an auxiliary b, and the combination appears as mbw, as /
Mbwoka, plural of lowoka, a jerh.
(4) Frequently, in cases where ll is prefixed to another vowel, li is
turned into z, as in banza, to attach, which is really bandia (known to be
so by means of the stative form of itbandema), and in zambi, an affair,
which would seem to be liambi euphonised. But in such .words as liso,
eye, this is not the case, the I of the prefix being elided before the original
initial i of the root.
(5) Generally when a prefix formed by a. consonant and o precedes
another vowel the o becomes semi-consonant w. This is done in classes
2 [ l5 (2)]. 7 [ 20 (2)], and 1 1 [24 (2)] of the noun. This is also done
in rapid speech when a final o precedes an initial vowel of another word,
except when it precedes another o and then it is elided.
(6) There is also a general rule in connection with the use of e, e, b, d.
In the construction of a word e and b utterly refuse to be mixed up
with e and d. Hence it will be found that the formative prefixes for nouns
and formative suffixes for verbs must be made to harmonize with e and b
or e and d whichever kind of vowel the original root may contain. The
facts respecting this euphony will be better understood in the various
sections of the etymology where it will be necessary to refer to them.
One general fact, however, may be noted in cases where other vowels in
addition to e, 6, b, d are found in a word. Should a word have a in a
syllable which comes between the essential vowel of the root (when such
vowel is e, 6, b, or d) and the formative suffix, the harmony above noted
must be maintained ; but when the intervening syllable has i or u the need
for harmony ceases, and the words take the natural formative syllables for
roots which have a as the essential vowel, as /
Loboko, an arm,
Lokolo, ,; la;.
Mosombi, a hirer,
Mosombi, </ buyer.
Mobeki, a bringer,
Mobeki, a borrower.
Sombele, to hire for,
Sbmbela, to buy for.
Bekele, to bringfor,
Bekela, to borrowfor.
Moyotwangano, a writhing,
Molendandalo, a duty.
Sombisela, to cause to hirefor,
Sbmbisela, to cause to buy for.

( 7 )

9. WEAK CONSONANTS, (i) Land y are weak consonants, being

sometimes omitted in speech. It is, however, generally batter to write
them and thus keep the language together, but most cases of their omission
which have now become fairly common are noted in the Dictionary.
Lokolele (which is the correct way to spell what is now known as
Lukolel.i) is sometimes heard as Okcee, with only the faintest possible
indication of l's. L is frequently omitted from the prefix of the gth class of
nouns (principally at Irebu, which would be more correctly spelt Lilebo).
Tf is frequently omitted in such words as moango for moyango, a plan,
and verbs with initial y, as abki for aybki, he heard.
(2) When a word in other places has initial y, often at Bolobo it has
initial w.
(3) K is sometimes changed for y even in one and the same district,
both being in use, as for instance, kuma, to come from, may be heard
sometimes as yuma.
10. ELISION OF VOWELS. Vowels are frequently elided before
the same and other vowels, both in the construction of words and phrases.
In the construction of words there is nothing to denote the elision, but in
phrases an apostrophe is put in place of the elided vowel. It is better to
write and print such words close together with only an apostrophe and no
space to divide them, as is the custom in French, and thus in rapid reading
the eye will be able to follow the consecution of syllables in the readiest
manner.
The following are typical cases of elision /
a before a, Mambi for maambi.
Nkan'anga weni for nkana anga weni.
a ,, e, Mengo for maengo.
Elamb'elamu for elamba elamu.
a ,, i, Miso formated.
a ,,o, Moke for mabke.
Moko for maoko.
Tik'elamb'b ndako for tika elamba o ndako.
a ,, u, Mumba for maumba.
e ,, e, Bet'eyengole for bete eyengele.
e ,, o, T'olobake for te olobake.
i
,,i, Liso for lilso.
o , , o, Bbke for bobke.
Mok'b binb for mooko b binb.
These instances are given as illustrations of a general rule, but there are
a few cases in which elision is not allowed. Most of these will be found
noted in the Grammar and Dictionary.

There is also another instance of elision which, however, is not a good

model for general use ; e is sometimes elided after o as in tik'b'pomba for
tika b epbmba.
n. ALLITERATIVE AGREEMENT. As is common to Bantu
languages the agreement of qualifying or predicative clauses with the sub
ject is shown entirely by the common prefix preceding the stem of words
as prefixes to them and preceding words and sentences as particles, as /

Matoko ma ngai manya mabale mane ma ncombeli yo maolimbana, those two large spoons of mine which you bought me are lost.
In this sentence it is clearly seen that the prefix ma of matbko is
repeated both as a prefix of certain words and as a particle before the
clauses.
This alliterative method of agreement should be strictly adhered to at
the very outset in learning the language, and the greatest possible vigilance
should be exercised in every attempt lest some habit of speech obnoxious
to this agreement should be acquired. Errors in this particular at the
beginning will make themselves apparent in later attempts both in speech
and composition, and when the mind is dwelling more on the thought than
on the vehicle for its communication such early inaccuracies as have been
passed over will be sure to be lamentably present. It is worthy of note
that those foreigners who have allowed themselves to believe that it does
not matter so long as the natives understand what is said to them, scarcely
ever realize the mistakes which they make, and should they realize them,
the habit early formed sticks most tenaciously and spoils their best en
deavours in the language. Therefore let it be an emphatic rule to take
care of the concords at the very beginning.
It must also be remembered that if a foreigner persevere in speaking in
correctly to those constantly around him, the natives will come to copy
their " white man " in all his peculiarities of speech, and they will converse
with him on his own models in the language. And, although faint hints
are given him of his inaccuracies by the natives, hints which he might easily
assume to be mistakes on the part of the natives themselves, he will settle
down in the belief that he is becoming fluent in the language of the people,
while the fact is the people are learning from him what they honour with
the name of "lokbta lb mmdele" (the white men's language), which is
really, however, every day becoming more removed from the vernacular of
which it is supposed to be an imitation. Europeanisms only mar the
beauty of native speech and destroy the harmony of its music.

( 9 )

ETYMOLOGY.
12. NOUNS. Nouns in the Bobangi language have, generally speak
ing, distinguishing prefixes, some to denote the singular number and some
to denote the plural number. They also serve another purpose, especially
when they are taken in conjunction with the modifications of the suffixes.
This is particularly so of nouns supposed or known to be derived from
verbs, for they thus show whether the noun refers to a person, thing,
principle or quality, whether in meaning it is to be regarded as subjective
or objective, indirect or direct ; some refer to the time of an action, some
to the mode of performing it. The meanings of the various prefixes and
suffixes will be best understood after the verb has been dealt with [ 37,

7o, 7i (i)].
The most important purpose which the prefixes fulfil for us at this point
is, that means are thus afforded for a regular classification of the noun to
meet the demands of alliterative agreement.
13. CLASSIFICATION OF NOUNS. The prefixes in Bobangi
possess so little apparent likeness to those of Kiswahili or Kisi-Kongo
that to follow the order in Grammars dealing with those languages would
not be of much help to the student. The prefixes are in this Grammar
classified on the following mechanical principle / 1st, the plural prefixes
have been arranged in alphabetical order, because it was found that by so
doing groups of classes could be arranged. This gives the following
result /
I. ba, II. bi. III. ll, IV. ma, V. mi.
2nd, these groups have been again divided into classes according to the
alphabetical order of the singular prefixes, making a slight departure from
this order by putting what alphabetically would be Class 3 before Class 2,
thus inverting the order of these two classes / this has been done to bring
those classes together which denote persons exclusively.
For the purpose of this classification the concording prefixes [ 34] have
been taken as furnishing the true class prefixes, on the reasonable supposi
tion that these were the original prefixes of the nouns at an earlier stage in
the development of the language.
14. CLASS i. The nouns in Class i are all names of persons who
hold some relation to other persons, as that of kinship or position.
(i) In the singular these have either a nasal prefix or have no prefix at
all.
In the plural the prefix ba- is prefixed to the noun in its singular form /

mpomba, ,/ senior,
bampomba, seniors ;
nyango, a mother,
banyango, mothers ;
koi, a friend,
bakoi, friends ;
sango, a father,
basangci, /<'i///<r\.
Before assuming that a personal noun with a nasal prefix belongs to
this class, care should be taken to inquire as to the plural form of it ; if the
plural be formed with the prefix ba-, then the noun belongs to Class I, but
if the noun be the same in form for both numbers, then it belongs to
Class 5.
15. CLASS 2. The nouns in Class 2 are all names of persons who
are regarded as those who habitually do, or are, or suffer something. In
this class will be found a large number of pronominal adjectival nouns
[ 37, 71 (O]( I ) In the singular the noun has the prefix mo- which becomes mo- if
the root of the word have e or b in its first syllable
In the plural the singular prefix mo- or mo- is changed into ba- /
mo to, a person,
mosali, a servant,
mobeki, a bringer,
mobeki, a borrower,
mosombi, a hirer,
mosombi, a buyer,

bato, persons ;
basali, servants ;
babeki, bringcrs ;
babeki, borrowers;
basombi, hirers ;
basombi, buyers.

(2) Euphonic change and elision of vowels [ 8 (5), io] obscure some
words this Class, as /
mwene for mcene, a woman,
bene for baene, women ;
mwasi for moasi, .' wife,
basi for baasi, -vives.
1 6. CLASS 3. The nouns in Class 3 are largely names of foreign
origin and have, for the most part, no prefix letter or syllable common to
any other class.
(i) In the singular these have either the prefix e- (which does not
change before syllables having e or o, as does the mo- of Class 2), or have
no prefix at all.
In the plural those nouns which have in the singular the prefix e- change
it into ba-, and those which do not have the singular prefix merely take
the prefix ba- to the singular form /
eyengele, a bell,
bayengele, bells ;
eyele, a bullet,
bayele, bullets ;
talatala, a mirror,
batalatala, mirrors ;
palata, a coin,
bapalata, coins.

(n)
17- CLASS 4. The nouns in Class 4 are largely names of (i) persons
who perform occasionally or accidentally some action denoted by the word
[ 7o (Oli (2) persons who are lightly esteemed [ 70 (i)], (3) incongruous
acts [ 70 (8)], (4) things, (5) place where anything is done [ 70 (6)], (6)
mode of doing anything [ 70 (6)], (7) instrument by which something is
done [ 70 (9)], (8) cognates.
(i) In the singular the prefix is 6- (which does not change before
syllables which have e or b).
In the plural the singular prefix is changed into bi- /
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)

esese, a cutter upfor occasion, pl. bisese ;

elema, a fool,
bilema;
elele, an eating to no purpose,
bilele ;
eloko, a thing,
bilokb ;
ezalela, a dwellingplace,
bizalela, ;
elobela, a mode of speech,
bilobela;
esimbisela, a hindrance, etc.,
bisimbisela ;
6kuli, a thing obtained,
bikuli.

18. CLASS 5. The nouns in Class 5 do not admit of classification as

to meaning.
(1) In the singular and the plural the form of the noun is exactly the
same, having the same nasal prefix in each number /
ndako, a house,
mbbka, a home,

ndako, houses /
mbbka, homes.

(2) There are some names of persons in this class, the plurals being the
same in form as the singular, and are not made as in Class I /
ntbma, a messenger,
mpeya, a younger of twins,

ntbma, messengers ;
mpeya, younger ones of twins.

(3) Some nouns in this class are always of the plural number /
ncengi, light ;
ngbli, sleep ;
nzbtd, body.
19. CLASS 6. The nouns in Class 6 do not admit of any particular
classification as to meaning, but the Class contains the derivative of counted
action [ 70 (5)].
(i) In the singular the prefix is ld-, which becomes l6- before syllables
having e or b.
In the plural the prefix ld- or lb- is replaced by the appropriate nasal
[ 3 (i)]- If the stem of the word when stripped of the singular prefix
has already an initial nasal combination no other nasal is prefixed,
but when the root has merely a simple nasal initial, that is, not in com

( 12 )

bination with another consonant, it may be well to write an additional m

or n as a prefix to represent the emphasised nasal that occurs in the
native speech.
(2) Note the operation of euphonic law [ 8 (2) (3)] in the construction
of the plurals of some words /
lobila, a palm nut,
mbila, palm nuts ;
loposb, a shell,
mposo, shells ;
lotbmo, a tash,
ntbmo, tashs ;
lombalo, a layer,
mba.l6, layers ;
longele, a brass rod,
ngele, brass rods ;
lonua, a drinh,
nnua, drinhs ;
lolemu, a tongue,
ndemu, tongues ;
losende, a splinter,
ncende, splinters ;
loyembo, a song,
nzembo, songs ;
lowala, a scraplng,
mbwala, scraplngs.
(3) The elision of consonants and vowels [ 9 (i), 10] has also disguised
several words in this class so far as the root and the formation of the
plural is concerned. In the following instances some give the plural as
though the consonant l had been elided, but the majority give the plural
as though the original initial letter of the root had been y /
lble (= loyble), a beard,
nzble, beards ;
lbma (= loybnia), a wrong purpose, nzbma, wrong purposes ;
lumii (= loyumu), afame,
nzumu, fame.
The plural of loulu which may be nzulu is not used, but the plural of
lopulumpulu is used instead ; likewise the plural of ldinya is not heard,
but mpinya is used instead.
(4) Exception / the plural of lomunga, a hind of fruit, is miunga, a
noun of the nth Class.
20. CLASS 7. The nouns in Class 7 comprise, in addition to the
names of things, (i) gerunds [ 70 (3)], (2) cognates, (3) abstract deriva
tives from nouns [ 26] or adjectives [ 38], (4) names of trees derived
from the names of fruits.
(l) In the singular the prefix is bd-, which becomes bo- before syllables
having e or b.
In the plural the singular prefix is exchanged for the prefix ma- /
botale, a hnife,
matale, hnives ;
bokumbe, a pochet,
makumbe, pochets ;
bbkono, a sichness,
makono, sichnesses.
Examples of the four sorts of nouns which are found in this class here

( I3 )
follow ; and it should be remembered that the first three, being abstract in
meaning, do not correctly have a plural form ; the fourth kind, of course,
take a plural form /
(1) bbkoswi, a being safe ;
bosungi, helplng ;
(2) bosenga, need, lach ;
bolingo, love, desire;
(3) bobato, humanity ;
bobwele, animal nature ;
bone, greatness ;
bbletu, heaviness ;
(4) bobelu, a hola tree, from libelu, hola nut ;
bosau, a nsafu tree, from ncau, nsafu.
(2) Euphonic changes and elision of vowels obscure some of the words
in this class [ 8 (5), 10] /
bwamba for boamba, a chain,
mamba for maamba, chains ;
bwengo for bcengo, a canoe,
mengo for maengo, canoes ;
tooko for bobke, a sandbanh,
moke for mabke, sandbanhs ;
boi for booi, honey,
moi for maoi, honeys ;
bunu for boumi, a matchet,
munu for maunu, matchets.
(3) There are two words in this class which make their plurals irregu
larly /
busa, for bousa, a day,
bwele, for bcele, a male,

misa for malsa, days /

bampele, males (pl. in Class i).

Some give an alternative singular for busa bwisa, and others an alter
native plural for misamusa. Some give an alternative singular for bwele
mpele, and some an alternative plural for bampelebele.
21. CLASS 8. In Class 8 there is strictly only one noun, but it is
convenient to include in this class / (a) the derivative of the time when an
action is performed [ 70 (7)]; (o) the indeclinable adjectives [71 (2)]
when they are used as nouns ; (c) the collective derivations from nouns
[ 27].
,
(1) In the singular the noun has a nasal prefix as in Class 5, and in the
plural the prefix ma- is prefixed to this singular form /
nkbmbb, a sobriquet,

mankombb, sobriquets.

(2) Some collective nouns which have assumed a plural form, the sin
gulars of which are not known, may be conveniently placed in this class /
mai, water ; mali, oil; masanga, wine ; mawa, sorrow.
22. CLASS 9. The nouns in Class 9 have not much unity of mean
ing, but many cognates, nouns denoting the instrument, time and place of
an action, as well as abstract notions are to be found in it.

( 14 )
(1) In the singular the prefix is li-, which usually becomes z- before a
stem with an initial vowel (excepting, perhaps, the vowel i-), or which has
lost the original initial consonant.
In the plural the singular prefix is changed into ma-, and, as a rule,
those which have z- in the singular merely replace the z- by m-, the full
prefix ma- being usually used before stems commencing in u /
lisala, a farm, a worh,
masala, farms, worhs ;
litbkd, a spoon,
matbko, spoons ;
zambi, a palaver,
mambi, palavers ;
zuta, satisfaction,
mauta, satisfactions ;
but zumba, a burden, makes the plural mumba.
(2) Several words in this class are obscured by elision of vowels [ 10] /
liso for liiso, an eye,
miso for maiso, eyes ;
lino for liino, a tooth,
mind for maino, teeth ;
llna for liina, a name,
mina for maina, names ;
langu, for llangu, which some
times becomes zangu, a leaf, mangu, for maangu, leaves.
(3) Exceptions /
likoto, a small-pox pustule,
bakoto, small-pox (pl. Class 3) ;
zoic"), i/ nose,
miblo, noses (pl. Class n).
23. CLASS 10. In Class 10 there are only two nounsnames of
limbs. In the singular the noun has the the prefix ld- modified into lbfor one of the words ; this is changed into ma- in the plural /
loboko, an arm,
maboko, arms ;
lokolo, a leg,
makolo, legs.
24. CLASS n. In the last class, Class n, the nouns are more various
in their meanings than the nouns in any other class.
(1) In the singular the prefix is md-, which becomes mo- before
syllables having e or b ; this prefix in the plural becomes mi- /
motuya, a price, number,
mituya, prices, numbers ;
mblcke, a bird,
mileke, birds.
(2) Some words in this class are obscured by euphonic changes and
elision of vowels [ 8 (5), 10] /
mwese, sunlight,
miese, days ;
mwete, a tree,
miete, tress ;
mutu, a head,
miutu, heads ;
motb. a star,
miotb, stars.

( IS )
(3) But the following, and some others like them, have not yet been
euphonised according to the fashion of these last-mentioned words /
moango, a plan, a scheme,
moikako, a bolt,
mcosbli, a teardrop,

miango, plans, schemes ;

miikako, bolts ;
miosbli, tears.

(4) Meya.yfre, is a noun in the plural of this class.

(5) Many nouns 'in this class which have nasal combinations as the
initials of their stems, may frequently be heard without the prefixes mo- or
mi-, under which they are found in the Dictionary ; and when they are
thus used without their proper prefixes, they belong to Class 5. For
example / monkoko, sugar, may be heard as nkoko ; monkama, hundred,
may be heard as nkama.
(6) There are some names of persons to be found in this class /
mondelc, a white man,
mobongo, a canoe maher,

mindele, white men ;

mibongo, canoe mahers.

25. DERIVATION OF NOUNS FROM NOUNS. ABSTRACT

NOUNS. By prefixing bo- (which becomes bo- before a syllable with e
or b) to the noun its abstract idea is imparted. If prefixed to a noun not
known as derived from a verb and this noun to be in the singular, the noun
thus formed denotes the quality or nature of that which the noun originally
represented. If the prefix be applied to the plural form of the noun, the
word thus formed denotes either the whole number of such as possess the
essential nature of that which is denoted by the original noun, or else the
nature or quality essential to all bearing the name collectively. If it be
prefixed to a noun which has had its origin in a verb, and in this case the
plural form of the noun will be used, the noun then formed denotes the
time suitable for the performance of what the verb denotes /
bomoto, personality, soul;
bobato, humanity ;
bosango, fatherhood ;
bonyambe, divinity ;
bblelenge for bobilenge, all the young folh ;
bomibembo, time suitablefor travelling;
bomaluba, time suitable for nettingfish.
26. COLLECTIVE NOUNS. Collective Nouns are made from
nouns in the plural of Classes 5 and 6 by prefixing ma- and then the
words thus formed are regarded as coming into Class 8 /
mambula, rains ; mandako, houses ; mambbka, homes ; manongo,
places ; mampbta, wounds.
The collective of lotbmd, is irregularmatoma.

16

27.

SYNOPSIS OF THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE NOUN.

Plural.

SinguL-ir.

nasal mpomba, nyango

none sango, Icoi

ba-

bampbmba, banyangb
basango, bakol

mo- moto, mosombi

mo- mdsombi, mobeki

ba-

bato, basbmbi
basbmbi, babeki
bene

ba-

bayengele
batalatala

eloko

bi-

bilokb

5 nasal mbbka, ndako

6 l6- loposo, ldtomo
lo- lobebu, lokosu

nasal

mbbka, ndako

nasal

mposb, ntbmo
mbebu, nkosu
mbalo, ngele
ndemu
ncende
nzembo
mbwala

ma

matal6
makbnb
mengo

mwene
3

II
III

e- eyengele
none talatala
e-

lombalo, longele
lolemu
losende
loyembo
lowala
IV

bdbo-

botale
bokono
bwengo

8 nasal nkombo

ma- mankbmbb

liz-

lisala
zambi

ma

10

l6lb-

ldkolo
loboko

ina- makdlo
mabokb

ii

momo-

motuya
molckc

mi-

mwete

masala
mambi

mituya
mileke
mietc

28. REDUPLICATION OF NOUNS. (I) In the case of nouns

denoting quality, by reduplication the meaning of intensity becomes
attached /
lobangu-lobangu, great speed ; bone-bone, extreme greatness,
(2) In the case of nouns denoting persons or things, a partitive meaning
becomes attached /
moto-moto, each person ; loboko-lbboko, each arm,
(3) In the case of nouns denoting time, when the singular is used the
whole time is denoted /
mwese-mwese, the whole day ; mbkblo-mbkblo, the whole night.
(4) If the plural of the noun denoting time be used the idea of continuity
is imparted /
miese-miese, every day ; mikblo-mikblo, every night.
29. ADJECTIVES. Adjectives are here for practical purposes
divided into
(1) DECLINABLE adjectives.
(2) INDECLINABLE adjectives.
(3) NOUNAL adjectives.
Another way of classifying them would be / (i) attributive (declinable),
and (2) predicative (indeclinable and nounal), but it will be found better
for the practical purpose of this Grammar to follow the first mode of
classification.
30. DECLINABLE ADJECTIVES, (i) Those adjectives which
are classsified as declinable are used to qualify nouns ; and, to show such
qualifying, bear the prefix of the noun they qualify and are never used
without such prefix.
(2) The following is an almost exhaustive list of the declinable
adjectives /
-be, bad, evil;
-nco, all;
-besu,nza/, uncoohed ;
-ncbki, all (emphatic) ;
-kala, ancient ;
-ne, large, great ;
-kali, ancient ;
-sanda, long, tall ;
-ke, small, little ;
-siso, other ;
-kou. weah, soft ;
-telu, bright in colour ;
-kuse, short in stature ;
-timu, new ;
-lamu, good, excellent ;
-tongo, only, merely;
-letii, heavy ;
-yike, many, much ;
-lito, heavy ;
-yindo, darh, blach.

( is )
(3) Nco and ncoki are enclitics and do not take a prefix in the true
sense, but are added to the adjectival particle [ 33, 34], the tones of
which are all raised. Nco throws the accent back on to the adjectival
particle, but ncbki, being dissyllabic, has the accent on nco.
31. INDECLINABLE ADJECTIVES. Those adjectives which
are used without requiring the concording prefix and have no prefix of
their own like the nouns (except when they assume a plural form), are
here styled indeclinable.
For the most part these are derived from verbs, or else the verbs are
derived from them. For practical purposes it is here assumed that they
are derived from verbs. Those who maintain that the verbs are derived
from them have the best of the argument, for these indeclinable adjectives
are the most elementary parts of the language, and many may be traced to
an onomatapoetic origin. These words are the most graphic in the
language, they are the "colouring" words, the stories and common
speech of the people are full of them, and often they have such force that
sentence after sentence can be constructed by means of them without the
use of a single verb, the verb being simply indicated by these indeclinable
adjectives. They take the place of adverbs to a very large extent, and in
the Dictionary their meaning will often be found indicated by an English
adverb, yet in Bobangi they are adjectives. It should be noted that
throughout the Dictionary and Grammar the English words are not
classified, but are merely used to indicate the meanings of the Bobangi
words, and the Bobangi words only are classified for practical use and for
the mechanical construction of sentences.
A few examples will suffice /
bbmu, slain ;
sembo, straight ;
bulc, set apart ;
sika, upright ;
ca, scattered ;
temo, grammatical ;
kakatanu, puzzling /
ti, intent, still, cool /
ko-ko, tied up ;
tusu, pierced ;
koso, safe ;
wd, gone ;
li-li, boundless ;
yeka, acrossfrom one thing to another ;
ng\&/firm, secure ;
yeke, leaning ;
pitl, blach ;
zb, around.
semba, parallel ;
zblolo, whirling.
32. NOUNAL ADJECTIVES, (i) Those adjectives which qualify
nouns by following them but have a distinctive prefix of their own, and are
in fact nouns which without being formed into adjectival clauses are
used to qualify other nouns, and have the verb to be understood (as is

( 19 )
often the case in the use of the indeclinable adjectives [ 91]) are here
termed nounal adjectives to show how they are used in the speech of the
people.
(2) Usually the singular form of the nounal adjective is used with a
singular noun and the plural form with a plural noun /
litoi engulu, an earless ear, that is, what is left when the ear is cut
off; plural matol bingulu, earless ears.
(3) Some, however, may appear in the plural form with a singular noun,
showing that the thing has the quality repeated in itself /
longele libunu, a curvet brass rod ; longele mabunu, a much
curved brass rod.
(4) Or the singular form of the nounal adjective may be used with a
plural noun, which it qualifies in a collective sense /
bato limpinga, a great mass of people, while bato mampinga, in
numerable people.
33. ADJECTIVAL PARTICLE, (i) In many Bantu tongues there
is an adjectival particle (it is usually a) which is added to the concording
prefix after the manner of enclitics. It serves to introduce the adjectival
clause. This particle is absent in Bobangi speech. There is the enclitic
-mbe, which is mostly used to signify that the thing which it follows
belongs to a person the name of whom is then given. In Bobangi, how
ever, the concording prefixes are made to serve as adjectival particles. The
full form of these prefixes is used in the plural of Classes 5 and 6. The mo
of the 2nd Class is abbreviated to d. The tones of all are raised with the
exception of those which are single vowels, and these are lowered in tone
[ 86]. Some would join the adjectival particle to the word following and
use it as a prefix, but the writing of it as a separate word is recommended
very strongly as tending to literary clearness.
(2) The adjectival particle, when not modified by the addition of any
enclitics, can be well rendered by the preposition of/
elamba & zeni, a cloth of beauty, a beautiful cloth ;
nioto d nguya, a person of strength. a strongperson ;
baninga ba bolingo, friends oflove, lovingfriends.

(3) When it is modified by the addition of -mbe, it can be rendered

belonging to, and when -liki is added it can be rendered belonged to /
bilamba bimbe mondele, the clothes belonging to the white man ;
bilamba biliki mondele, the clothes which belonged to the white man;
mwasi ombe mokonzi, the chiefs wife ;
mwasi oliki mokonzi, the wife who was the chiefs.

( 20)

34-

TABLE OF THE CONCORDING PREFIX AND THE ADJECTIVAL

PARTICLE.
ADJECTIVAL PARTICLE.

CONCORDING PREFIX.

Singular.

Plural.

emo- or moe-

ba.
ba.
ba-

e
d
e

ba
ba
ba

e-

bi-

bi

5
6

eld- or lb-

li- or nasal
li- or nasal

e
lb

ll
ll

7
8
9
10

bo- or boelild- or lb-

mamamama-

bo
e
ll
lb

ma
ma
ma
ma

ii

mo- or mo-

mi-

mo

mi

Singular.
I
2

Plural.

.|

The prefixes which have the vowel b are used with stems which have
e or b in the first syllable of the stem.
The concording prefix li, in the plurals of Classes 5 and 6 often becomes
m or n when the stem has a consonant initial which is not a nasal ; even
then li- is quite correct and often used ; but li- must always be used before
an initial vowel or nasal.
35. COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES. This is performed in
various ways by the use of auxiliary words, for there is no special form of
the adjective for the comparative and superlative [ 89].
36. REDUPLICATION OF ADJECTIVES. The effect of the
reduplication of adjectives is the same as in the case of nouns [ 28] /
eloko eke-eke, a very little thing ;
mwete mosanda-mosanda, a very tall tree ;
miete mike-mike, trees each very slender.
37. PRONOMINAL ADJECTIVES. As may be very readily
assumed, any of the declinable adjectives bearing an appropriate concording prefix may be used absolutely, that is, without a noun accom
panying it, the appropriate noun which it 'qualifies being inferred partly

( 21 )

from the alliterative prefix, and partly from a knowledge of the subject of
discussion or conversation.
Thus molamii could refer to a noun in Class 2 or n ; elamu could
refer to a noun in Class I, 3, 4, S/ or 8 ; lilamu could refer to a noun in
the plural of Class 5 or 6, or to one in the singular of Class 9 ; balamu
could refer to a noun in the plural of Class I,2, or 3 ; bilamu could refer
to a noun in the plural of Class 4 ; ndamu could refer to a noun in the
plural of Class 5 or 6 ; bolamu could refer to a noun in the singular of
Class 7 ; lolamu could refer to a noun in the singular of Class 6 or 10 ;
xnalamu could refer to a noun in the plural of Class 7, 8, 9, or 10;
milanui could refer to a noun in the plural of Class 1 1 .
The declinable adjective is used as a pronoun, not merely, however, to
denote a person or thing, but to denote a person or thing with a quality or
quantity as part of its meaning.
38. ABSTRACT ADJECTIVAL NOUNS. Nouns giving the ab
stract idea of the quality or quantity which the adjective associates with
some noun may be made from the declinable adjectives, and from those of
the indeclinable adjectives which cannot be referred to any known verb by
derivation. These abstract nouns may be made by prefixing the prefix of
the 7th Class to the adjective without any further change in the word /
bone, greatness ;
bopiti, blachness ;

boyike, abundance ;
bongbi, security.

39. DEMONSTRATIVE ADJECTIVES. (i) These are merely

enclitics on the adjectival particles, the accent being placed on these
particles and not on the stem of the adjective. The usual three positions
are taken into account /
ist position, -ye (for nouns in Class I, -yo), this, these (here, present).
2nd position, -na, that, those (there, yonder, observed).
3rd position, -nya, this, that, these, those (referred to but not seen,
remote).
Indifferent speakers sometimes use -nya for -na [ 93].
(2) When the adjectival particles receive the enclitics -ye, -yo, or -na,
the tones of all without exception are lowered, while when they receive
-nya, in common with -nob and ncold, all become raised [ 30 (3)].
(3) Like other adjectives, the demonstratives can be used absolutely as
pronouns, with the demonstrative idea combined with the pronominal one
I 37](4) Like adjectives also, they can be made to denote an abstract idea by
giving them the prefix bo- or bo- [ 100 (i)].

( 22 )

40. NUMERALS. The Cardinal Numbers from I to 5 are declin

able adjectives, while all the rest are nounal adjectives.
(2) The numerals 2, -bale ; 3, -sato, for nouns in Classes 5 and 6 may
have the forms mbale, ncato, as well as the forms libale, lisato ; but the
numerals I, -oko; 4, -nei ; 5, -tano, are invariably made with the prefix lifor nouns in these two classes, lioko, linei, litano.
(3) The natives for the first five numbers do not seem to use any one
particular concording prefix for an absolute form, but perhaps the concords
of Class 1 1 are to be preferred, because they will serve to refer to people
and things, as well as abstract notions, and the concords will be in agree
ment with the word for number and price motuya. In the list of
numerals which follow, this concord will be put in parentheses, to show
that it is changeable when necessary for alliterative agreement with the
person or thing qualified. The name for the cipher or zero is included
in the list.
(4) List of numerals /
0, mpamba.
30, bweli, pl. meli.
I, (m)oko.
40, nyuminui.
2, (mi)bale.
50, nyumitano.
3, (mi)sato.
60, nyumotbba.
4, (mi)nei.
70, nyuncambo.
5, (mi)tano.
So, loasi, pl. ndwasi.
6, motoba.
90, mobwa.
7, ncambo.
100, monkama.
8, mwambi, pl. miambi.
1,000, nkoto.
9, libwa.
10,000, kiasi, pl. bakiasi.
10, zomu, pl. momu.
100,000, mokoko.
20, makwabale.
I,000,000, epuna.
(5) For combining numbers the preposition na is used ; it may be trans
lated and, but it must be remembered that it means with /
1 2, zomu na mibale.
25, makwabalc na mitand.
46, nyuminei na motoba.
(6) In counting beyond a million there are no names, and the statement
of the numbers is made much as in English, save that after the pre
position na the names of the number multiplied must be repeated /
2,345,657,568,74I, bipuna bipuna bibale na bipuna mikoko
misato na bipuna bakiasi banei na bipuna nkbto litano na
bipuna minkama motoba na bipuna nyumitano na bipuna
ncambo na mikoko mitano na bakiasi motoba na nkoto
mwambi na minkama ncambo na nyuminei na moko.

41. ORDINAL NUMERALS. These are expressed by qualifying

the noun stated or understood by an adjectival clause containing the
numeral /
1st person, moto 6 boso or moto d nioboso.
1st things, biloko bi boso or biloko bi miboso.
2nd person, moto d babale.
2nd things, biloko bi bibale.
;"J5/'/ person, moto d bweli na batano.
;; V'/' things, biloko bi bweli na bitano.
42. REDUPLICATION OF NUMERALS.
cation on the numerals is a distributive one /

The effect of redupli

bazali bwa-bwa monkama-monkama, they sat down in hundreds,

in lots of a hundred each.
43. FRACTIONS. The suggested method of representing fractions
see under ekakoli in the Bobangi-English section of the Dictionary.
44. PERSONAL PRONOUNS. These refer to persons in whatso
ever class the nouns denoting them may be found, and to animals and
things when these are personified as in the stories current among the
tribe /
sing. I. ngai,
plur. biso;
2. yo,
bino ;
3. yeye,
bangi.
Very often in rapid speech the second y in yeye is scarcely heard, and
the pronoun is heard almost like yee, or even as if shortened to ye, but it
will be found to tend to clearness in writing if the pronoun be always spelt
in full.
45. CLASS PRONOUNS. These are all of the third person, and
refer to nouns in the form in which they are found in the various classes.
They are formed by adding the enclitic -ago (on the model of bango, the
3rd personal pronoun plural) to the adjectival particle, the particle &
receives an initial y, and the tone of the syllable is raised /
sing. 3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
TO.
n.

yengo,
yengo,
yengo,
longo,
bongo,
yengo,
lingo,
longo,
mbngo,

plur. bango ;
bingo ;
lingo ;
lingo ;
mango ;
mango ;
mango ;
mango ;
mingo.

Bbngo is the impersonal abstract form, and is used for it when the idea
of the pronoun is not associated with any noun in particular.
46. REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS, (i) These are formed from the
personal and class pronouns by affixing -mi to them /
ngaime, myself ; binbme, yourselves ; mbngbme, itself.

(2) The reflexive idea is also imparted to the pronoun and to the noun
by using momene as a nounal adjective, and sometimes by using nzotd as
a complemental subject to the verb followed by a pronoun in an adjectival
clause /
yeye momene, he himself;
moto momene, the person himself ;
moto yeye momene, the person himself;

aki nzbto ll yeye,

\
aki nzotd ll yeyeme,
- he went himself.
aki nzotd ll yeye momene, )
47. DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS.
strative Adjectives used absolutely [ 39].

These are in fact Demon

48. POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS. These do not occur as such, but

the same rule is followed for the pronouns as for the nouns themselves,
and an adlectival clause is constructed [ 86). It is not usual before pro
nouns to use the enclitic denoting possession in the present time, but the
enclitic denoting possession in past time is regularly used /
zambi ll ngai, my palaver ;
zambi lillki ngai, a palaver which
was mine ;
mboka e bisb, our home ;
mbbka clikl bisb, a home which
was ours ;

biloko bi bangb, their things ;

biloko billki bangb, things which

were theirs.

49.

INTERROGA TIVE PRONOUNS.

There are two [ 94] /

na? plur. bana? who?

nde ? (if cried to a distance, nde ?) what?
50. RELATIVE PRONOUNS. There are no relative pronouns,
but they are represented by (a) pronominal prefixes [ 57 (3)], (h) adjectival
particles [ 98], and by (c) nouns [ 96 (5)].
51. ADVERBS. There .are not many adverbs in Bobangi ; their

( 25 )

duties are largely performed by (a) the indeclinable adjectives [ 31], (b)
nouns with prepositions, and (c) the reduplication of nouns [ 28].
(i) The following is a list of the principal adverbs in use /
angani, accordingly, in that place, then, therefore, there, thence,

thither ;
ani, in that place, there ;
awa, hence, here, hither, in this place ;
bisa, again, more ;
ete, as, lihe, thus ;
ke, adverb of contrast [ 97] ;
kilo, never before ;
1como - .-. yengo ;
mpe, also, too ;
ncoki, even ;
nde, as, but, merely, only ;
nyo, never [ 103 (8)] ;
bngo, in that place, thence, there, thither ;
oni, not at all [ 103 (8)] ;
so, just, only, merely ;
soko, perhaps, probably ;
tiki, necessarily, of past actions [ 103 (n)] ;
weni, hence, here, hither, in this place ;
yengo, necessarily, of present or future actions [ 103 (n)];
yeso, afterwards.
(2) Interrogative adverbs /
bbniT why?
bbni-bbni7 hoi<'!
kwe ? how many ? how much ?
nkb ? whence ? where ? whither ?
wani? whence? where? whither?
(3) The following is a list of some English adverbs and adverbial phrases
with the representatives phrases in Bobangi /
above, b likolb, ka ;
accordingly, na ewela enya, bbngo ;
afterwards, na mbisa ;
ago, this is rendered by the perfect of the verb leka ;
almost, bele-bele ;
already, sika-sik'awa (pres.), sika-sik'angani (past) ;
altogether, liboko, nongo yoko ;
always, misa manco, kia-kia ;
around, zo, zonga, zongo ;

( 26 )
at mice, sik'awa, bobele sik'awa ;
at present, sik'awa ;
at that time, sik'angani ;
at this lime, sik'awa ;
before, yambo, bosb ;
beloio, 6 nce, soke ;
by-and-by, na ndembe ;
downwards, nce-nce, soke b nee ;
ever, na lobiko, misa manco, kia-kia ;
everywhere, nongo na nongo ;
foolishly, na bolema ;
generally, kangala;
hence, na ewela enya, bongo ;
hitherto, yeka sik'awa ;
ill, badly, na bobe ;
immedintely, bobele, bobele sik'awa (pies.), bobele sik'angani
(past), zblb (in negative sentences) ;
just now, sik'awa ;
least, ebali sbke, ebali bbke-boke ;
less, sbke ;
more, ka ;
most, ebali ka, ebali boyike ;
never, ndembe te ;
now, sik'awa;
nowhere, nongo te, nongo ka ;
presently, na ndembe ;
quite, wa, nye ;
soon, n'o bika ka, na ndembe elamu, se sali ;
/h,n, sik'angani;
thence, na ewela enya, bongo ;
to andfro, ani na ani ;
to-day, lelo ;
to-morrow, lbbi ;
too many, bate ;
too few, ngbe-ngbe ;
upwards, likolb-likolb, ka b likolb ;
well, excellently, na bolamu ;
when, b ndembe e wani, but tbis is more frequently rendered by
using the mere concord of ndembe and inverting the order of the
sentence ;
whence, where, whither, nongo e wani ;
while, expressed by nani and inverted order of sentence ;
wherever, nongo na nongo ;

( 27 )

wisely, na likani ;
within, b moi ;
without, 6 ndanda ;
yesterday, lobi.
52. PREPOSITIONS. There are in reality only two /
(1) The preposition of direction, b, which frequently receives the enclitic
-mbe when the preposition is used before nouns and their representative
pronouns.
(2) The preposition of instrument and association, na.
(3) The prepositions are largely defined by the meaning of the verb
which they follow. In the case of b this is especially so, and its meaning
will be the one most naturally suggested by the verb with which it is allied.
In this way with appropriate verbs it serves to denote at, among, from,
upon, on, in, into, doi.v/i, down to, down on, out of, off, iip, up to, through.
over, under, along.
(4) The preposition of direction may also be modified in meaning by (a)
an indeclinable adjective preceding it, or (b) a definitive noun following it,
this definitive noun being further defined by an adjectival clause containing
that definitive noun which would be naturally governed by the preposi
tion.
(5) The preposition of instrument and association may be rendered
commonly by the words with, by, by means of. It has other meanings
which, however, spring from these original ones.
(6) Two other words are used very often as prepositions, nde, but, and
tu, except.
(7) List of prepositions and their representative phrases in Bobangi /
about, na ntina e ;
above, o likolo li, ka na ;
after, a mbisa e ;
against (opposed to), esongo b or na ;
amid, amidst, among, o ntel e, b ntantel e ;
around, zongo o or na ;
because of, na ewela e ;
before, yambo, b yambo e, b boso bb, b moboso mb ;
behind, o mbisa e ;
below, beneath. soke na, b nce e ;
beside, bele-bele b or na ;
between, b ntel e, b ntantei e ;
concerning, na ntina 6 ;

( 28 )
for the sahe of, na etondo e ;
inside of, in, into, b moi mo ;
instead of, b epose e ;
near, bele-bele b or na ;
on, over, b likolo ll, ka na ;
on account of, on behalf of, na ewela e, na etondo e ;
outside, b ndanda e ;
respecting, na ntina e ;
through, b ntei e, o ntantei e ;
till, until, yeka b or na, ki b or na ;
upon, b likolo ll, ka na ;
'
within, b moi mb.
(8) The preposition for is either represented by the applied form of the
verb, or else its meaning is more clearly defined by phrases.
53.

CONJUNCTIONS. The following are the most common /

angani, then, therefore ;
ebuleke, nevertheless, notwithstanding (exclamatory) ;
kani, lest, [ 103 (9)] ;
mpe, and ;
nani, yet, as yet ;
ncande, nevertheless, notwithstanding ;
ncoki, although. though ;
nde, but, however ;
ndiki, obb, abb, aba, if;
ndwela,yor, since, because, whereas, seeing that ;
soko, whether, or ;
tu se, unless [ 103 (10)].
Roth . . , and is expressed by means of the preposition na ; na . . .
na, or na . . . mpe na.
Neither . . . nor is expressed by na . . . te (or ka) na (or mpe na)
. . . to (or ka).
In order that, ntina. e'te.
The English conjunction and is used to associate words when it is
equivalent to the preposition with. and in Bobangi when and is so em
ployed it is rendered by the preposition na.
54. VERB. The Verb has been divided into 17 Conjugations to
facilitate reference to the meanings of the various forms of the verbs and
the modifications which they are capable of undergoing.
(i) 1st or Simple Conjugation consists of verbs which in their normal

(29)

forms are active and may be either monosyllabic or dissyllabic.

3 divisions /

It has

a division consists of verbs which have the final vowel a in their

simplest forms / kata, to hold ; kola, to mahe ; kila, to refuse ;
kbla, to lead / kiila, to possess ; ta, to shoot ; bwa, to heal.
e division consists of verbs which end in e / bete, to beat ; ye, la
dawn.
b division consists of verbs which end in b / bono, to see ; tb, to grow.
There are several words which belong to this Conjugation which have
two vowels in the first syllable, that is, two vowels although not making
a diphthong are for constructional purposes taken together. In the a
division is Manga, to call ; nuanga, to siich ; pioka, to smite / in the e
division is nuete, to nip / in the b division is bibko, to rejoice.
(2) 2nd or ana Conjugation consists of verbs which are trisyllabic ; in
their stative forms they end in ana, one or ono. It has 3 divisions /
a division consists of verbs which end in ana / kangana, to solidify.
e division consists of verbs which end in ene / bengene, to jingle.
b division consists of verbs which end in ono / bonono, to be visible.
(3) 3rd or ola Conjugation consists of verbs which, in their active forms,
end in ola, olo or ula. Some of these verbs appear to be reversive in
meaning of certain verbs of the 1st and 4th Conjugations, while others
appear to be only intensive forms of roots which appear in the 1st or 4th
Conjugation. It has 3 divisions /
a division consists of verbs which end in ola ; all trisyllabic verbs as
well as those that are polysyllabic, which end in ola belong to this
division / katbla, to deprive of; lengbla, to tempt ; bimbbla, la
hnoch away ; kbsbla, to save ; kundbla, to find ; kelimbla, to roll.
b division consists "of trisyllabic verbs which end in olo. If a verb
have more than three syllables and end in olo it does not belong
to this conjugation, for it is not active in meaning / petolo, lo
purify ; yombolo, to sweep.
u division consists of verbs which end in ula / ceoula, to strihefire.
Bila, to plchup, and luila, to tear, belongto this Conjugation (a division),
for they are contractions of bilbla and kalbla.
(4) 4th or la Conjugation consists of all verbs which, in their active
forms, end in la. It has 3 divisions /
a division consists of la verbs which make their statives in ama/
kolla (kolama), to beach a canoe ; kukia (kukama), to cover up ;
bulla (bulama), to put on one side ; sokia (sokama), to heap iip.

( 30 )
e division consists of ia verbs which make their statives in ema;
katia (katema), /- mahe secure on somelhin,j ; kalia (kalema),
to put apart.
e division consists of ia verbs which make their statives in eme /

sbkia (sokeme), to pat Iow ; selia (seleme), to put obliquely.

Tutuma, to lie down, belongs to the a division of this Conjugation, and
sbkomo, to be inverted, to the e division.
Several contracted verbs belong to this Conjugation / in the a division
are linga, to fold ; yumba, to bend ; simba, to obstruct ; these are known
to belong to this conjugation from their stative forms which are lingama,
yumbama, simbama, and these show that they are contractions from
lingia, yumbia, simbia. Similarly banya (banyema), :./ suspend, is a
contraction from banyia; and banza (bandema), to- attach. is a con
traction from bandia. These two verbs therefore belong to the e division
of this conjugation.
(5) 5th or tana Conjugation consists of verbs which end in tana, tene
or tono, and are largely intensive in meaning. It has 6 divisions /
a division consists of tana verbs which have the last three syllables
in a / kakatana, to be puzzled.
e division consists of tana verbs which have the last three syllables in
e / keketene, to be inconsiderable.
e division consists of tana verbs which have the antepenultimate in e
and the following two in a / bengetana, to be rugged.
i division consists of tana verbs which have the antepenultimate in i
and the following two in a / kibitana, to pant.
b division consists of tana verbs which have their last three syllables
in b / sombotono, ' wrestle.
d division consists of tana verbs which make the antepenultimate in d
and the following two in a / sbkbtana. to do anything with avidity.
(6) 6th orbana Conjugation consists of those verbs which end in bana
or bene, and are largely intensive in meaning. It has 4 divisions /
a division has bana verbs which have the last three syllables in a /
kitabana, to tumble.
e division has bana verbs which make the last three syllables in e /
yengebene, to be right.
i division has bana verbs which make the antepenultimate in i and
the following two in a / sondibana. to search everywhere.
n division has bana verbs which make the antepenultimate in n and
the two following syllables in a / sbkubana, tofeel sich.
(7) 7th or ngana Conjugation consists of verbs which end in ngana,

ngene or ngono, and are largely intensive in meaning. It has 7

divisions /
a division consists of ngana verbs have the last three syllables in a /
balangana, to be scattered.
e division consists of ngana verbs which make the last three syllables
in e / cecengene, to be smashed to atoms.
e division consists of ngana verbs which make the antepenultimate in
e and the two following syllables in a / benzengana, to be warped.
i division consists of ngana verbs which make the antepenultimate in
i and the two following syllables in a / bindingana, to be soiled.
b division consists of ngana verbs which make the last three syllables
in b / kolongono, to be prepared.
d division consists of ngana verbs which make the antepenultimate
in d and the two following syllables in a / bblongana, to be change
able.
u division consists of ngana verbs which make the antepenultimate
in u and the two following syllables in a / nyunyungana, to be
crumpled.
(8) 8th or (i Jala Conjugation consists of polysyllabic verbs which end in
ala, ele, or olo ; these verbs also have the last consonant of the stem
whatever it may be repeated, and to this consonant the modification of
ala is affixed. It is here called the (l)ala Conjugation to remind the
student of such repetition of the final consonant. These verbs are largely
intensive in meaning. There are 7 divisions in this conjugation /
a division has (l)ala verbs which make the last three syllables in a /
katatala, to be shrunh.
e division has (l)ala verbs which make the last three syllables in e /
betetele, to be too short.
e division has (l)ala verbs which make the antepenultimate in e and
the two following syllables in a / bekekala, to stand erect.
i division has (l)ala verbs which make the antepenultimate in i and
the two following syllables in a / bititala, to be concealed.
b division has (l)ala verbs which make the last three syllables in b /
komomolo, to be meeh.
d division has (l)ala verbs which make the antepenultimate in d and
the two following syllables in a / lomomala, to be wary.
u division has (l)ala verbs which make the antepenultimate in u and
the two following syllables in a / bukukala, to be puffy.
(9) gth or Reduplicated Conjugation consists of verbs which have their
stems reduplicated in the formation of the word, and are largely intensive
in meaning. It has I division / kasakasa, to struggle ; lingalinga, to be
dilatory.

(32 )
(ro) ioth orila Conjugation consists of verbs which end in ila.
I division / kobila, to hooh ; songila, to shewer.

It has

(n) nth or ma Conjugation consists of verbs which end in ima and

It has 2 divisions /
i division has verbs which end in -ima / pakima, to befrightened.
n division has verbs which end in -uma / sekuma, /,/ pant,
(12) I2th or etela Conjugation has verbs which end in etela and are
largely intensive in meaning. It has I division / yambetela, to receive by
infection ; ybketela, to listen.
(13) I3th or ta Conjugation has verbs which end in ta, te or to, all of
which are trisyllabic ; dissyllabic verbs ending thus belong to the 1st or
Simple Conjugation. It has 3 divisions /
a division has verbs which end in ta / kukuta, to jostle.
e division has verbs which end in te / kekete, to gnaw.
b division has verbs which end in to / loboto, to enquire.
(14) I4th or ba Conjugation, consists of trisyllabic verbs which end in
to. It has I division / kulumba, to stir ; tutuba, to foliate ; luluba.
to bubble iip.
(15) 1 5th or ya Conjugation consists of verbs which make their statives
in -ya. It has I division / tena (tenya), to breah ; tuba (tubya), ta
plerce.
(16) 16th or sana Conjugation. The verbs which are comprised in this
conjugation follow the style of the reciprocal form of the verb, but are not
to be taken as reciprocals ; they are stative in meaning. It has 3
divisions /
a division consists of sana verbs which make the last three syllables
in a / langasana, to be daring.
e division consists of sana verbs which make the last three syllables
in e / lembesene, to sway to andfro.
b division consists of sana verbs which make the last three syllables
in b / bbkosono, to mutter.
(17) i;th or Irregular Conjugation consists of verbs which have no like
ness to the verbs classified in the previous 16 conjugations, and each one of
them has its own peculiarities /
1. Nyalangatana, to spread everywhere.
2. Selenga, to betray.
3. Nga, present of to be.
4. Liki, past of to be.
5. Ka [aka], to be, become, reach.

( 33)
6. Ma, to tahe, receive,
7. Kesa, to permit to see.
8.
55. FORMS. A verb usually may be cast into one of 6 forms as may
be required to modify its meaning. The 6 forms are I, ACTIVE..; 2,
STATIVE; 3, PASSIVE; 4, CAUSATIVE; 5, APPLIED; 6, RECIPROCAL.
(1) The ACTIVE form denotes precisely what an active verb does in
English, and it may be either transitive or intransitive /
Transitive, linga, to love.
Intransitive, kita, tofall.
Actives are found in
CI, all the simple forms are active.
C3, and end in -ola, -blo, -ula.
C4, and end in -ia.
Cio, and end in -ila.
Ci3, and end in -ta, -te, -to.
Ci4, and end in -ba.
Cl5, and end in -a.
Ci7, all are active, except nyalangatana.
(2) The STATIVE form denotes that the meaning of the verb is one of
condition or position ; some seem to denote movement, but the idea of
movement is largely modified by the real Stative meaning of the verb.
Statives are found in
Cz, and end in -ana, -enc, -ono.
03, and end in -wa ; those which have y as the final consonant of root
end in -ua and not -wa as yeyua, to be disfigured.
C4, and end in -ama, -ema, -eme.
05, and end in -tana, -tene, -tono.
C6, and end in -bana, -bene.
<.'7, and end in -ngana, -ngene, -ngono.
C8, and end in -(l)ala, -(l)ele, -(l)olo.
Cg, all are stative.
Cil, and end in -ima and -uma.
Ci5, and end in -ya.
C16, and end in -sana, -sene, -sono.
Ci7, nyalangatana.
(3) The PASSIVE form denotes what the Passive does in English.
The Passive is formed regularly by displacing the original final vowel of
the active or stative form by the formative ending -ibwa.

( 34 )
If the Conjugation has an active form the passive afformative is affixed
to it, and in other conjugations where there is no active form it is affixed
to the stative form, except in C8, Cg, Cio, Cil [ 104].
(a) In C3 there is a contraction ; according to the above note the pas
sive, for instance, of katola should be katblibwa, but the weak letter I
is dropped and the b is euphonized into w, and then it appears as though
the Passive was made on the stative katwa, namely, katwibwa.
(b) In C4 there is no eliding of the i of the active form when the
-ibwa is attached, the i is still retained and pronounced, as koliibwa,
yakiibwa.
(4) The CAUSATIVE form denotes (a) that the original subject of the verb
is made, or caused, or assisted to do or be what the verb denotes, and
thus the original subject of the verb- becomes the object of the verb in its
new form. With those verbs which are Active Intransitive in form the
Causative may give two other meanings, namely, (/<) of intensity to the
original meaning, or (c) of assistance rendered to one who is in the condi
tion described by the verb in its first form /
Kono, to be sich, in the causative form konisa may mean (a) to mahe
sich, (b) to be intensely sich, (c) to nurse a sich man.
This, however, does not apply to all verbs. When the first modification
(b) here noted of the causative meaning is referred to in the Dictionary,
the word will be found classified as an intransitive verb to show that it
can take no object without the aid of a preposition or other syntactical
arrangement.
Causatives end in some cases in (a) -isa, and in others in (b) -inya,
which usually displace the original final vowel, and sometimes displace
other formative endings. In the case of monosyllabic verbs of the 1st
Conjugation which end in e or b, these final vowels are, however, retained,
and the -isa is merely affixed without altering the final vowel. When the
final vowel of the monosyllabic verb is a, it is displaced by the causative
ending, but the i of the ending takes permanently the tone of the displaced
vowel.
(a) Causatives ending in -isa are found in'

CI, as katisa, yelsa, toisa ; swisa (swa), to dress; swisa (swa),

to spill.
C3, as katwisa (on active or stative form [ J5(3)(a)].
C4, as koliisa (on active form).
kolamisa (on stative form).
CiI, as palcimisa (on stative form).

(35 )
Cl2, as yambetisa (-ela is changed to -isa).
C13, as kukutisa.
Ci/i, as kulumbisa.
Ci6, as tenisa (on active form).
tenyisa (on stative form).
Ciy, as selengisa.
(b) Those which end in -inya are found in
C2, as kanginya (-ana, -ene or -ono is displaced by -inya).
Cj, as kakitinya (-atana, -etene, -etana, -itana, -otono or -otana
is displaced by -itinya, the antepenultimate always being i what- .
ever the vowel in the stative form may be).
C6, as kibitinya (the ending -bana and the antepenultimate vowel
are displaced in every division except the u division by -ibinya,
while in the u division the antepenultimate u is retained and the
ending -binya affixed).
C7, as balinginya (the stative ending and the antepenultimate vowel
in every division except the u division are displaced by the end
ing -inginya, while in the u division the antepenultimate u is
retained and the ending -nginya affixed ; sometimes, also, simi
larly the antepenultimate d in d division is not displaced).
Cl6, as langisinya (the ending of the stative form together with the
antepenultimate vowel are displaced by -isinya).
The rendering of causatives in C8, Cg, Cio, Cn involve the construc
tion of sentences by means of derivations which have not yet been indi
cated, and it is omitted here and dealt with in the syntax [ 104].
(5) The APPLIED form denotes that the objective noun which follows
the verb in this form is to be regarded as an indirect object of the verb,
and this object which follows the applied form of the verb when the sen
tence is translated into English must be preceded by the most natural pre
position indicated by the word itself and also by the sense of the sentence.
There will be no difficulty in ascertaining the right preposition to use.
The most general meaning for the applied form on an Active or Causative
verb or on a verb already in the applied form is on behalf of, for. On
Intransitive or Stative verbs the meaning is usually of the preposition of
direction [ 52 (3)].
The prepositional idea, however, is not always] easy to see when the
apparent active form of the verb has fallen into disuse, and especially when
in some cases the verb bearing the applied form requires the preposition as
well ; in such cases the verb will be found in the Dictionary classified as
Active Intransitive or Active Transitive as the case may be, irrespective of
its bearing an applied form.

( 36 )
The Applied of an Intransitive verb denoting movement very often gives
quite a new meaning to the verb, so that the indirect object of verb in its
original form becomes the subject and the original subject becomes the
instrumental object governed by the applied form /
Mbula likotbmba, the rainfalls, gives in the applied form tombola
mbula, to be wet with rain.
JMweto mobkita, the tree hasfallen, gives kitela mwete, to be felled
by a tree.

The applied form regularly ends in -ela, and this ending is modified into
ele in the i and b divisions of the various conjugations. The formative
ending displaces the final vowel of any other form of the verb. It may be
affixed to any form of the verb as required, including a verb in the applied
form, thus making what may be called a Double Applied form. The
Applied can be referred to in conjunction with the form on which it
appears, thus, we may have TRANSITIVE APPLIED, INTRANSITIVE
APPLIED, PASSIVE APPLIED, STATIVE APPLIED, CAUSATIVE APPLIED,
DOUBLE APPLIED, RECIPROCAL APPLIED.
Transitive Applied / katela, to holdfor.
Intransitive Applied / pimela, to appear to.
Passive Applied / bomibwela, to be hilledfor.
Stative Applied / katemela, to cling to.
Causative Applied / katisela, to help to holdfor.
Double Applied / lobelela, to speah about . . . to.
Reciprocal Applied / lobasanela, to converse about.
In C4, C5, C6, Cio, C16 the Applied termination is not modified into
-ele when it is put on to the actives or causatives of the e or b divisions of
these conjugations owing to the antepenultimate i neutralising the tendency
which requires this modification in other divisions / for instance, if it be
required to put sokia and yengibinya into the applied form, these would
be sbkiela and yingibinyela, and not sokiele and yengibinyele .
In the case of monosyllables of the first conjugation ending in b, the
final vowel is not displaced by the termination ele, but is retained ; in the
a and e divisions, the 6 or i of the endings ela or ele takes permanently
the tone of the displaced vowel.
In C3 there is a contraction which makes the Active Applied appear the
same as the Stative Applied ; the form katolela loses the weak letter l
and the o is euphonized to w, and it then appears as katwela. Whether
it be Stative Applied or Active Applied cannot be mistaken. If it be in
tended for the Active Applied it will have two objects, (a) the indirect,
and (b) the direct ; while if it be intended for the Stative Applied it will
have but one object governed by the Applied only, namely, the indirect.

( 37 )
It should be noted that the Applied ending is modified in the b and 6
divisions of this conjugation, and that the applied form of petolo is
petwele and not petwela as is sometimes heard.
(6) The RECIPROCAL form shows that the action passes from one to the
other of those who are referred to. It has two modifications / (a) the
Active Reciprocal, and (b) Causative Reciprocal.
(a) The Active form denotes that the action of the verb is performed on
each other or towards each other.
(b) The Causative form denotes that each causes the action to be performed
on or towards each other.
(c) The Active Reciprocal ending for a verbs is -asana, for e verbs it is
-esene, for b verbs it is -osono. In C3 this ending is affixed to the stative
form or the active form reduced in appearance to the stative form.
(d) The Causative Reciprocal ending is -isana or merely -ana on the
causative form.
Reciprocals are rarely found in any other conjugations than CI, C3, C$.
56. MOOD. There are 6 moods / (i) INFINITIVE, (2) IMPERATIVE,
(3) INDICATIVE, (4) SUBJUNCTIVE, (5) PURPORTIVE, (6) COMPARATIVE.
(1) INFINITIVE MOOD, (a) The SIMPLE INFINITIVE of the verb
is the verb in its simplest form, and merely denotes its action without tense
or subject.
(b) The TENSE INFINITIVE is the form the verb assumes to denote
tense in any of the moods without the Subjective Pronominal.
(2) IMPERATIVE MOOD. The meaning of the Imperative is
generally the same as in English, but has various modifications /
(a) IMMEDIATE IMPERATIVE, by which something is ordered to be
immediately done.
(b) SUBSEQUENT IMPERATIVE, by which something is ordered to be
done presently or at leisure.
(c) EMPHATIC IMPERATIVE, by which emphasis is laid on anything
commanded to be done.
(d) CO-HORTATIVE IMPERATIVE, by which one or more persons are ex
horted to join with the speaker in the action of the verb.
(e) INTERJECTIVE IMPERATIVE, by which a person or persons are
called in an exclamatory manner to perform the action of the verb.

(f) NEGATIVE IMPERATIVE, by which a person or persons are com

manded not to perform the action of the verb.
(3) INDICA TIVE MOOD. The meaning of the Indicative is the
same as in English, and the mood in Bobangi has 14 tenses.
(a) The PRESENT INDEFINITE denotes that the action is performed at
the time when the speaker employs the verb.
(b) The PRESENT CONTINUATIVE denotes that the action is begun and
is going on.
(c) The PRESENT PROGRESSIVE denotes that the action is being per
formed, but this tense can only be used with verbs denoting motion.
(d) The PRESENT PROGRESSIVE CONTINUATIVE denotes emphatically
that the movement of the verb is still progressing and likely to progress.
(i.) The FUTURE INDEFINITE denotes merely that the action is yet to
be performed without denning the time in any way when it will be per
formed.
(/) The FUTURE INDEFINITE CONTINUATIVE denotes that the action of
the verb will be going on at some time in the future, and that when it begins
it will go on.
(g) The FUTURE DEFINITE denotes that the action of the verb will be
performed at some specific future time, which generally is indicated by
some word or phrase.
(h) The RECENT denotes that the action of the verb has recently been
performed, and that no change has taken place from what is expressed by
the verb.
(/') The PERFECT denotes that the action of the verb has been performed,
and that the subject is in the condition to be inferred from such perform
ance, and that no change has taken place.
(/) The PAST INDEFINITE denotes that the action of the verb has taken
place in past time, and a change may or may not have taken place from
the condition which resulted from the action of the verb.
(h) The PAST DEFINITE denotes that the action of the verb took place
at some particular time in the past, and is generally used to denote that
something had taken place on the very day when the words are used.
The exact time is most frequently indicated by some additional word or
phrase.
(/) The PAST INDEFINITE CONTINUATIVE denotes that the action of
the verb was going on at some time in the past without specifically indi
cating the time.

( 39 )
(m) The PAST DEFINITE CONTINUATIVE has the same modification as
the Past Definite. It is largely used to denote something in the course of
taking place when the action denoted by the Past Indefinite of the verb
was performed.
() The RECURRENT denotes that the action previously mentioned by
a verb in any other tense is repeated.
(o) If the Definite tenses are rendered with their proper tones, there
will be no need to mention the exact time, for it will be understood. With
the Future Definite will be understood the time of to-morrow. With the
Past Definite tenses will be understood the time of previously to-day.
But if any doubt about the right pronunciation be felt it will be better to
qualify the tenses by appropriate words or phrases denoting exact time.
(p) With some words as bbya, kata, the Future Definite is sometimes
used merely as an exclamatory reply.
(q) If the Perfect or Recent or any of the Definite tenses be used of the
verb to be in the construction of the negative statement of the verb, not
only is the action of the verb in the negative part of the clause negatived,
but the idea of existence is negatived as well. It is therefore permissible
to use only the Indefinite Tenses of any form of the verb to he when the
subject of the negative sentence is still present or existing.
(4) SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD. The Subjunctive mood denotes pretty
much the same as the same mood does in English. It has 4 tenses.
(a) The PRESENT and the PRESENT CONTINUATIVE denote that the
action of the verb has not yet taken place, but may do so, and it is here
described as a present tense because what is really a future action is
regarded as mentally present.
(b) The PAST and the PAST CONTINUATIVE tenses denote that the
action of the verb could or would have taken place, but did not ; .it can,
therefore, only be used if there has been this unrealized possibility.
(/) The present tenses of the Subjunctive are often used in conversation
and in the telling of stories as narrative tenses, when their regular sub
junctive meaning is lost sight of.
(5) PURPORTIVE MOOD. The Purportive mood denotes either a
purpose of some preceding verb, or a purpose which is present to the mind.
It has four tensesPRESENT, FUTURE, PAST, RECURRENT, which are in
close agreement with the same tenses in the Indicative [ 103].
(6) COMPARA TIVE MOOD. The Comparative mood derives its
idea of tense from the co-ordinate sentence with which it is compounded.

( 40)

It regularly denotes that the action of the verb in this mood is excessive in
comparison with the action of the verb in the other half of the compound
sentence [ 102].
(a) If the Comparative appear in the two co-ordinate parts of a com
pound sentence, the tenses are co-incident and the exact time is derived
from the context.
(b) If the Comparative appear in the first of two co-ordinate sentences,
then the tense must be regarded as anterior to that of the verb in the
second part.
(c) If it be used in the second of two co-ordinate sentences, the tense
must be regarded as subsequent to that of the verb in the first part.
57. PRONOMINAL PREFIXES. (i) These are essential to the
complete expression of a Bobangi verb. There are two kinds / Subjective
and Objective. The Subjective are here discussed, and the Objective ones
will be discussed later [ 68]. If the subjective pronominal prefixes be
correctly prefixed to the verb, even although the subject be not represented
by a noun or a pronoun, the verb is complete in number, person, tense,
and mood.
(2) When the subject of the verb is a person or an animal, or a thins
regarded as having volitional power, the following personal pronominal
prefixes are used /
1st person
2nd person
3rd person

sing.

plur.

nada-

ldboba-

These are modified in tone according to the needs of tense and mood
formation.
(3) When the verb forms a relatival clause (and in such a case it is
always in the third person), and the verb is predicated of animals or
things, the class pronominal prefixes are used. The class pronominal pre
fixes correspond to the adlectival particles, class for class [ 33, 34]. These,
however, when used as the pronominal prefixes for verbs suffer modifica
tion in tone according to the tense and mood of the verb.
58. FORMATIVE SYLLABLES.
Generally speaking all the
words in Bobangi have a monosyllable or, and more usually, dissyllabic
basis.
Every monosyllabic stem has a natural vowel-ending which may be
modified or elided, as the case may be, by the vowel of the tense or formending.

( 41 )

In the case of dissyllables the natural final vowel is indicated by the

vowel of the first syllable, which is here called the essential vowel, and this
first syllable governs the harmony of the vowels in any formative syllables
which may be attached to the word.
It appears that the essential members of a word in Bobangi are / (i) An
initial consonant ; (2) an essential vowel (which is only changeable when
it is a in a monosyllabic word) ; and (3) another consonant for the forma
tion of a second syllable. These three members of a word are unchange
able except in the case referred to, entirely regardless of any operation
performed on the word. The essential vowel, however, may sometimes
be modified in tone, but that is all.
The natural vowel-ending, and all syllables other than those above
referred to as essential, are reckoned as formative syllables. Those which
are placed before the stem are called formative prefixes, or preformatives.
Those which come after the stem, including the natural vowel when it
appears, are called formative suffixes or affixes, or afformatives. This is the
case even with trisyllabic and polysyllabic nouns, and with verbs which
only appear in trisyllables and polysyllables, for all are traceable to at least
dissyllabic, and in some cases to monosyllabic origin.
59. INVERSION. This is said to take place in the construction of
a sentence when the object and the subject change their normal places in a
sentence ; sometimes the indirect object and the subject change places,
leaving the natural object to follow the subject [ 99].
60. MODELS FOR THE MOODS AND TENSES. In the fol
lowing sections dealing with mood and tense three verbs have been selected
to illustrate the various modifications which they undergo. In each case
an a verb has been selected, and whenever it may be noted that a is the
final vowel of the modification under discussion, it must be assumed that
in such a tense or mood an e or b verb has likewise e or b ; and when the
a is seen to change into another vowel, etc. , the final vowel of an e or b
verb likewise changes. The verbs selected have the raised tone on the
essential vowel in the first syllable, so that the modifications of the other
syllables by the exigencies of mood and tense may be clearly recognised
for their tone values. Whenever it is observed that the tone of these first
syllables is lowered for any modification, this can only be the case with
such verbs as happen to have a raised tone on the first syllable, while
of course the verbs which have already the lowered tone remain the same.
The verbs selected are
kata, to hold ;
kbsbla, to save ;
balinginya, to disperse.

(42 )

61. INFINITIVE MOOD.

(1) The SIMPLE INFINITIVE is the verb as it is spoken in enquiring
the meaning of it, and as it stands in the Dictionary /
kata, to hold, heep, seize, etc. ;
kbsbla, to save ;
balinginya, to disperse, scatter, drive away, etc.
(2) When the Simple Infinitive is used in an objective adjectival clause
( 99], the vowels of the afformatives are lowered in tone /
cloko e kata, a thing to hold ;
moto d kbsola, a person to save ;
bibwele bi balinginya, animals to disperse.
(3) But when an object follows the Simple Infinitive, which may be
often the case when the Simple Infinitive is used in a clause to qualify the
indirect object, the vowels of the Simple Infinitive are not modified at
all/
eloko e kata ncu, a thing to holdfish with ;
mono mo kbsbla bato, medicine to save men with ;
bilokb bi balinginya bibwele, things to disperse animals with.

62. IMPERATIVE MOOD.

(1) IMPERATIVE IMMEDIATE /
kata, //,'/'/ ///.v/,
kbsbla, save thoii,
balinginya, disperse thou,

bbkata, hold ye ;
bbkbsbla, save ye ;
bbbalinginya, disperse ye.

Some speakers lower the tones of all the vowels of the afformatives, but
it is better to follow the practice of raising them as here shown.
(2) The IMPERATIVE SUBSEQUENT is different from the Immediate only
in the singular ; the difference consists in prefixing the pronominal b /
bkata, hold thon.
(3) The'.lMPERATiVE EMPHATIC is formed by adding the afformative
-ka to the Immediate or Subsequent forms of the Infinitive / kataka,
hold thou ; bkataka, hold thon.
This afformative is euphonized into ke on e and into ko on b verbs /
beteke, beat thou ; bonoko, see thou.
(4) The IMPERATIVE CO-HORTATIVE has no singular, but dual and
plural numbers ; the tone of all formative syllables except the prefix lb is
lowered, and if the essential vowel of the verb has a raised tone it becomes
lowered in this form /

(43 )

. ,

dual, lbkata, let us two hold ;

lbkosola, let us two save ; '
lobalinginya, let iis two disperse.
plur. bolbkata, let us three (or more) hold ;
bolbkosola, let us three (or msre) save ;
bolbbalinginya, let us three (or more) disperse.

(5) The IMPERATIVE INTERJECTIVE is formed by means of the Sub

junctive preformative ba- /
bakata! hohl Ihoii'.
bobakata! holdye!
bakbsola ! save thou !
'. bobakbsola! save ye!
babalinginya ! disperse thou ! bobabalinginya ! disperse ye !
(6) The IMPERATIVE HORTATIVE is formed by the use of
tika, let thou,
bbtika, /,'./ ye.
followed by the Subjunctive Present.
(7) The IMPERATIVE NEGATIVE is made by prefixing d- to the verb
and affixing -ke, and introducing the word by the negation te ; the e is
usually elided in the singular and replaced by an apostrophe /
t'okatake, hold thou not,
t'okbsblake, save thou not,
t'obalinginyake, disperse thou not,

te bokatake, hold ye not ;

te bokbsblake, save ye not ;
te bobalinginyake, disperse ye not.

(a) Fore and b verbs the afformative ending for the Imperative Negative
is -ke, and not -ke.
(b) Some members of the tribe make the afformative ending agree with
the vowels of the stem / if it be an a verb they give the ending -ka ; if it
be an e verb they make the ending into -ke ; if it be an b verb they make
the ending into -ko ; but the most approved method has been given
above. '

63. INDICATIVE MOOD.

(i) The PRESENT INDEFINITE INFINITIVE is made by prefixing ko-,
and lowering all the tones of the afformatives /
kokata,
kokbsola,
kobalinginya.
The pronominal prefixes receive the lowered tone /
nakokata, / hold,
lokokata, we hold ;
okokata, thou holdesl,
bokokata, you hold ;
akokata, he holds,.
bakokata, they hold.

( 44 )

nakokbsola, / save,
okokbsola, t/wii savest,
akbkosola, he saves,

lokokbsola, vie save ;

bokokbsola, you save ;
bakokosola, they save.

nakobalinginya, I disperse,
lokobalinginya, we disperse ;
okobalinginya, thou dispersesl, bokobalinginya, you disperse ;
akobalinginya, he disperses,
bakobalinginya, they disperse.
(a) In cases of the tenses which end in natural vowels, the monosyllabic
verbs maintain the tone of the natural vowels irrespective of the rule to raise
or lower the tone for dissyllabic or polysyllabic verbs. The tone of the
natural vowel is shown in the Dictionary.
(i/) These examples of the placing of the subjective pronominal prefixes
will suffice, and for future illustration the 1st person only will be used, so
that it will be concluded that when the Subjective Pronominal for the first
person is raised or lowered in tone any other Subjective Pronominal will
also receive the same tone.
(c) When the sentence suffers inversion the afformatives of the Present
Indefinite Infinitive are raised in tone /
eloko e kokata ngai, the thing which I hold ;
nioto d kokosola ngai, the person whom I save ;
bibwele bi kobalinginya ngai, the animals which I disperse.
(2) The PRESENT CONTINUATIVE is formed by adding -ka to the
Present Indefinite. The termination is euphonized into -ke for i verbs
and into -ko for b verbs /
nakokataka, / am holding ;
nakokosolaka, / am saving ;
nakobalinginyaka, / am dispersing.
(3) The PRESENT PROGRESSIVE INFINITIVE is formed by the preform.itive mo-, and raising all the tones of the afformative syllables /
mbluka,
mbtambbla,
mobalinginya.
The tones of the pronominal prefixes are raised /
nambluka, / am paddling ;
nambtambbla, / am walhing ;
bamobalangana, they are dispersing (stative).
(4) The PRESENT PROGRESSIVE CONTINUATIVE is formed by adding -ka
to the Present Progressive ; this termination is euphonized into -ke for e
verbs, and into -ko for b verbs /
namblukaka, / am paddling.

(45 )
(5) The FUTURE INDEFINITE INFINITIVE is formed by the preformative
kb-, and raising the tone of the afformative syllables /
kbkata,
kbkbsbla,
kbbalinginya.
The tone ot the pronominal prefix is lowered /
nakbkata, / shall hold ;
nakbkbsbla, / shall save ;
nakbbalinginya, I shall disperse.
(6) The FUTURE CONTINUATI VE is formed by adding -ka to the Future
Indefinite. It is euphonized into -ke for e verbs, and into -ko for b verbs /
nakbkataka, / shall be holding.
(a) There is a preformative sometimes heard at Bolobo to denote the
Future, -bbndb-, as in nabbndbkata, / shall hold, but this appears to
belong to the Likuba dialect, and is not general to the Bobangi area.
(7) The FUTURE DEFINITE INFINITIVE is similar in appearance to the
Past Indefinite Infinitive, which will be noticed presently ; there is a differ
ence, however, in the tones of the afformative syllables ; while in the Past
only the final of the afformative is lowered, in the Future Definite all
the syllables of the afformative are lowered in tone /
kati,
kosoli,
balinginyi,
There is also a difference in the tone of the pronominal prefix in the
Future Definite, it is lowered in tone /
nakati, I shall hold ;
nakbsoli, / shall save ;
nabalinginyi, I shall disperse.
(8) The RECENT INFINITIVE is formed by the preformative so-, and
raising all the tones of the afformative syllables /
sbkata,
sbkbsbla,
sbbalinginya.
The pronominal prefix receives the raised tone /
nasbkata, I havejust held;
nasbkbsbla, I have just saved ;
no sbbalinginya, I have just dispersed.

(46 )
(9) The PERFECT INFINITIVE is formed by the preformative b- and
the raising of the tones of all the afformative syllables /
bkata,
bkbsbla,
bbalinginya.
The pronominal prefix receives the raised tone /
nabkata, I have held ;
nabkbsbla, / have saved ;
nabbalinginya, / have dispersed.
(10) The PAST INDEFINITE INFINITIVE is formed by changing the final
vowel of the Simple Infinitive of all verbs (except monosyllabic verbs
ending in e or b) into i. Monosyllabic verbs ending in e or b do not
lose their natural vowels, and l is merely affixed to them so as to denote
the Past Indefinite. The tone of all afformative syllables except the last
is raised, and the last one is lowered in tone /
kati,
kbsbli,
balinginyi.
The tone of the pronominal prefix is raised /
nakati, I held ;
nakbsbli, I saved ;
nabalinginyi, / dispersed.
(a) When a sentence containing ;this tense is inverted the final vowel
is raised in tone /
elokb e kati ngai, the thing which I held ;
moto d kbsbli ngai, theperson whom I saved ;
bibwele bi balinginyi ngai, the animals which I dispersed.
(/i) The verb le, to eat, usually has the e elided before the tense vowel
and does not follow the above rule made for e and b verbs ; naii, I ate,
(e) Monosyllabic verbs ending in a require the same tone on the tense
vowel as the a itself would have naturally / naswi, I dressed ; naswi, /"
spllt.
(n) The PAST DEFINITE is in form the same as the Past Indefinite, but
the tone of the final i is raised, while all the other syllables of the afform
ative, should there be more than one, are lowered in tone /
nakati, / held.
nakbsoli, / saved.
nabalinginyi, I dispersed.

(47)

(12) The PAST INDEFINITE CONTINUATIVE INFINITIVE is formed by

the afformative -ki, all the other afformative syllables being raised in tone /
kataki,
kbsblaki,
balinginyaki.
The tone of the pronominal prefix is raised /
nakataki, I was holding;
nakbsblaki, / was saving ;
nabalingiuyaki, / was dispersing.
(a) When a sentence containing this tense is inverted, the tone of the
afformative -ki is raised /
eloko e kataki ngai, the thing I was holding;
moto d kbsblaki ngai, the person whom I was saving ;
bibwele bi balinginyaki ngai, the animals I was dispersing.
(b) The Moi people at Bolobo in copying this tense make a little
variation ; they really form it on the Past Indefinite, by adding the
afformative -ki to the Past Indefinite Infinitive /
nakatiki for nakakati ;
nakbsbliki for nakosolaki.
(13) The PAST DEFINITE CONTINUATIVE is formed by the Past In
definite Continuative having the tone of the final syllable of the afformative
raised and the tones of all the other syllables of the afformative lowered /
nakataki, I was holding ;
nakosolaki, I was saving ;
nabalinginyaki, / was dispersing.
(14) The RECURRENT INFINITIVE is formed by the preformative bisb-,
and lowering all the tones of the afformative syllables /
bisbkata,
bisbkbsola,
bisbbalmgmya,
The tone of the pronominal prefix is raised /
nabisbkata, again I hold or held ;
nabisbkbsola, again I save or saved ;
nabisbbalinginya, again I disperse or dispersed.
64. SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD.
(i) The PRESENT INFINITIVE is the same as the Simple Infinitive,
and when the pronominal is added the tone of the pronominal is raised /

( 48 )

nakata, I may hold ;

nakbsbla, / may save ;
nabalinginya, / may disperse.
(a) The PRESENT CONTINUATIVE is formed by adding -ka to the
Present /
nakataka, / may bc holding.
(3) The PAST INFINITIVE is formed by the preformative ba-, and
lowering the tones of the afformatives /

bakata,
bakbsola,
babalingmya.
The tone of the pronominal prefix is lowered /
nabakata, I would have held ;
nabakbsola, I would have saved ;
nababalinginya, / would have dispersed.
(4) The PAST CONTINUATIVE is formed by simply adding the afformative -ka to the Past Infinitive /
nabakataka, / would have been holding.
(5) If the Present of the Subjunctive is used (as it very often is) to ask
a permission or inquire as to the desirability of some action being per
formed, the tense then requires the lowering of the tones of all the syllables
of the word except the pronominal prefixes, and this is so even in respect
of the essential vowel of the word if this should happen to have the raised
tone /
nakata ? may or shall I hold >
nakosola 1 may or shall I save ?
nabalinginya ? may or shall I disperse ?

65.

COMPARATIVE MOOD.

This mood is tenseless and is formed by the preformative tiko-, and the
lowering of all the formative syllables in tone, including the pronominal
prefix [ 102].
natikokata, I hold or heldfirmly orfirmer ;
natikokbsola, I save or saved thoroughly or more thoroughly.
natikobalinginya, / disperse or dispersed vigorously or more vigor
ously.
66. PUKPORTIVE MOOD. This is formed by the preformative
no- and the lowering of all the afformative syllables [ 103].

( 49 )
(1) The PRESENT is formed by prefixing no- to the Simple Infinitive.
nbkata, to hold ;
nokosola, to save ;
nobalmgmya, to disperse.
(2) The FUTURE is formed by prefixing no- to the Future Infinitive /
nokbkata, to hold ;
nokbkbsola, to save ;
nokobalinginya, to disperse.
(3) The PAST is formed by prefixing no- to the Present Continuative
Infinitive /
nokataka, to have held ;
nokosolaka, to have saved ;
nobalinginyaka, to have dispersed.
(4) The RECURRENT is formed by prefixing no- to the Recurrent
Infinitive /
nobisbkata, to hold again ;
nobisbkbsola, to save again ;
nobisbbalmginya, to disperse again.
66. IRREGULAR CONJUGATION. Nga, is the Present Indi
cative (sometimes used for the Present Subjunctive) of the verb to be, and
the pronominal prefixes when prefixed to it are raised in tone.
Lild is the Past Indefinite and Hki is the Past Definite of the verb tobe .- for both forms the pronominals are raised in tone.
Ka [aka] is always Present Indicative.
Ma, Kesa, Nco, with their emphatic forms Maka, Kesaka, Ncbko,
and the plurals of these are only used in the Imperative Mood.

68. OBJECTIVE PRONOMINAL PREFIXES.

(1) The following are the Objective Personal Pronominal Prefixes /
sing.
1st person -m- or -n- [3 (i)]
2nd ,,
-ko3rd ,,
-mo-

plur.
-ld-bo-ba-

(2) The Adjectival Particles are used as the Objective Class Pronominal
Prefixes, and if the object of the verb is a noun other than personal in any
of the various classes, it can be represented by any of these Class Pro
nominals.
(3) When the tone of the Subjective Pronominal Prefixes is required to
be lowered in tone, the Objective Prefixes also are lowered in tone, and
E

( So )
when the Subjective Pronominals are raised in tone, the Objective Pronominals are also raised in tone.
(4) The Objective Pronominals are prefixed to the verb immediately after
the tense preformative and close to the verb / no other preformative can
come between the verb and the Objective Pronominal.
(5) These Objective Pronominals are not reflexive, but denote the direct
object of the verb.
(6) Illustrations of the use of the Objective Pronominals are as follows /
akonkata, he holds me,
akokokata, he holds thee,
akomokata, he holds him,
akolokata, he holds us,
akobokata, //,.' holdsyou,
akobakata, he holds them,

ankati, he held me ;
akbkati, he held thee ;
ambkati, he held him ;
albkati, he held -us ;
abbkati, he heldyou ;
abakati, he held them.

(7) There is in use at Irebo a Reflexive Pronominal Prefix, but it does not
seem to be understood elsewhere, and therefore it is not inserted in this
Grammar as a member of the language of the Bobangi ; it is the syllable
-ya-, and is used for all numbers and persons, as nakoyalinga, / love
myself.
69. NECA TIVE SENTENCES. There is no negative form of the
verb, and the rendering of the negative sentence is referred to in the
syntax [ 1 06].

70. DERIVATI0N OF NOUNS FROM VERBS.

(i) The person who performs the action or suffers the condition denoted
by the verb, but is not the habitual subject of the verb, and is the subject
only occasionally or as circumstances require, is denoted by a noun made
from the Infinitive of the verb by prefixing e in the singular, and bi in the
plural, leaving the tone of a monosyllabic verb as it is in the Simple
Infinitive, and, in the case of dissyllables and polysyllables, lowering the
tone of all aftbrmative syllables /
ekata, one who holds,
ebalmgmya, one who disperses.
This is also used to denote the subject of a verb which denotes some
despicable condition or action when the person is the habitual performer
or sufferer of the verb [ 85(2)] /
elema, a fool;
epa bisomba, a mortar maher.

(2) The Result of the action of the verb is variously expressed, sometimes
by prefixing e and changing final vowel to i /
ceoci, a tiny plece ;
sometimes by prefixing e and not changing final vowel /
ebeba, aflaw ;
sometimes by prefixing mo- or mo- and changing final vowel to & or b /
mobando, an electric shoch ;
moango, a plan, scheme (for moyango).
Almost every form is represented in derivation / but if no form can be
conveniently remembered and the verb denoting the action is called to
mind, the idea can be expressed by taking the Infinitive and casting it into
an objective relatival clause [ 92].
(3) The Gerund or the noun denoting the Action of the verb is derived
from any form of the verb by prefixing bo- or bo- to the Infinitive and
changing the final vowel to i [ 85(1)]. This gerund will serve as the
cognate of the verb if there happen to be no cognate or should it be not
remembered at the time it is required to use it /
bokati, holding, seizure ;
boboni, seeing, sight ;

bbkosbli, saving, salvation ;

bbtei, disobeying, disobedience.

(4) Cognates are derived from the verbs in various ways and no regular
rules can be given ; but a few examples are appended, so that when nouns
similarly constructed are met with their meaning may be appreciated /

lisala, a worh (from sala) ;

bolingo,.love (from linga) ;
bosenga, need (from senga) ;
ekosa, cruelty (from kosa) ;

mobembo, a journey (from bemba) ;

lbkendb, ,/ going (from kendele) ;
ndakisa, example (from lakisa).
(a) From all the Statives in the various Conjugations except those in
C4, Cg, Cn, Ci5, the cognate noun is derived regularly by prefixing mo
or mo- to the Stative Infinitive, and changing final vowel into d or b, and
lowering the tone of all formative syllables /
C2, mobonono, an exhibition (from bonono).
C3, molengo, a temptation (from lengwa, to be in an ignorant con
dition, from which word the active lengbla, to tempt, comes).
C5, mokakatand, a puzzle (from kakatana).
C6, mokitabano, a tumbling about (from kitabana).
i. '7, mobalangano, a dispersion (from balangana).

( 52 )

C8, molendandalo, a duty, something compulsory (from lendandala).

C16, mobbkosono, a muttering (horn bbkosono).
(5) The action of the verb numerically considered is expressed by a
noun derived from the Infinitive of any form of the verb by prefixing ldor lb- and lowering all the tones of the afformative syllables, excepting
the vowel of a monosyllabic verb, which is left as it is found in the Infini
tive. This derivation is used to count the number of times the action of
the verb takes place /
loya loko, one coming ; nza litano, five comings ;
lokela loko, one doing ; nkela ncato, three doings ;
lobalinginya loko, one dispersion ; mbalinginya nzike, many dis
persions.
(6) The Derivative of Manner or Place is made by prefixing e- to the
Infinitive of the applied form and lowering the tones of all afformative
syllables. In some districts there seems to be a tendency to make the
derivative of manner and also the derivative of time end in d or b. The
usage of the derivatives of place, manner, and time is much confused, some
using one form with the other interchangeably ; but after a close study of
the subject it appears better to distinguish and use as here indicated /
ekatela, the place or manner in which to hold ;
ekoswela, the place or manner in which to save.
(7) The Derivative of the Time or Day of doing the action of the verb is
formed by prefixing ma- to the Infinitive of the applied form, and lower
ing all the tones of the afformative syllables /
mazalela, the time of life ;
makbswela, the day of salvation ;
masekwela, the day of resurrection.
(8) The Derivative denoting the Incongruous Action of the verb is formed
by reduplicating the Simple Infinitive of the verb and lowering all the
tones of the afformative syllables of the reduplication, and by further pre
fixing e- to the word in its reduplicated form. It is more common to use
this derivative in the plural form /
elobaloba, or bilobaloba, nonsensical tall/ ;
etambblatambola, or bitambblatambola, stupid waiting, or walh
ing to no purpose.
(9) The Derivative of Instrument is formed by prefixing the prefix of the
4th class of nouns to the Infinitive of the Applied Causative of the verb,
and by lowering all the tones of the afformative syllables /

( S3)
ekatisela, // holder ;
esimbisela, a chech, peg, etc.
(10) The Derivative denoting Ability to perform the action of the verb is
made by prefixing the prefix ld- or l6- to the Infinitive of the verb, and
adding the afformative -ko or -ko, and lowering all the tones of the afformative syllables /
lokatako, retentivencss (from kata) ;
loyambako, receptivity (from yamba) /
loyetwiJt.0, possibility ofpurification (from petwa).
(n) The Participle of Exact Definition is formed by prefixing bo- or boto the Infinitive of the verb and adding for a verbs -ka, for e verbs -ke,
and for b verbs -ko, and raising the tone of all afformative syllables. This
final syllable is often omitted on trisyllabic and polysyllabic verbs, but it is
good form always to use it [j) 107] /
bolobaka (from loba) ; botambolaka or botambola (from tambbla).
(12) The Participle of Co-incident Action is formed by prefixing mi- to
the Infinitive of the applied form of the verb, and raising the tone of all
affbrmative syllables [ 108] /
mipimela (from pima) ;

miyenela (from ya).

71. DERIVATION OF ADJECTIVES FROM VERBS.

(i) DECLINABLE ADJECTIVES are formed by using the Infinitives of the
future definite and past continuative tenses, and prefixing the concording
prefix.
(a) When the Future Definite Infinitive is used the tones of the syllables
peculiar to this tense are kept, but in the case of the Past Continuative
Infinitive the final vowel which is lowered in that tense is raised for the
adjective.
(b) When the Future Definite is used it denotes that the action of the
verb is still going on, but when the Past Continuative is used (and it is
only correct to use it on Intransitives and Statives) it either denotes that
the person or thing is in a condition as a result of the action of the verb
or else the person or thing is in the abiding condition denoted by the
verb.
(c) These adjectives with suitable concords may be used absolutely to
furnish nouns in almost every class as may be required, and especially in
the 2nd and 4th classes for persons and things [ 37] /

( 54 )
molobi, or moto molobi, a speaher ;
mokiili or moto mokuli, a possessor ;
mokati or moto mbkati, a holder ;
eketi or eloko eketi, a culting instrument ;
ezali or eloko ezali, a creature ;
mokoswaki or moto mokbswaki, a person who is in a safe or
healthy condition ;
mopetwaki or moto mopetwaki, a pure or holy person ;
ebosaki or eloko ebosaki, a brohen thing ;
makitaki or mangu malulald, A /.'.', leaves.
(2) INDECLINABLE ADJECTIVES, (a) In the ist Conjugation Indeclin
able Adjectives are formed irregularly and no rules can be given.
(b) In Cz, CS, C6, C7, C8, C13, C16, Indeclinable Adjectives are
formed regularly from the statives by changing the final vowel of the
Stative Infinitive into u and raising all the tones of the formative
syllables /
C2, bononu, seen.

C5, kakatanu,/ss//'j-.
C6, kitabanu, tumbling.
CT, balanganu, dispersing, dispersed.

C8, Uatatalu, shrunh.

Ci3, kukutu, jostled.
C16, langasanu, daring.
(c) In C$ the active-ending -la is removed, and the tone of the final
vowel is raised if the essential vowel have the lowered tone and it is
lowered if the essential vowel have the raised tone /
kbso, safe;

kuiido, /,'/.<///'.

(d) In C4 the -ma or -me of the stative forms are struck off, but in
the -ama and -ema divisions of the conjugation the final vowel is some
times a, sometimes e, sometimes e. No rule can be given for this change
of one vowel into another, the actual final vowel must be ascertained from
the Dictionary, and in the event of a new word which may not be found
in it, enquiry must be made for the final vowel in every case. In the -eme
division the final vowel is regularly e for the Indeclinable Adjective, with
the exception of the one derived from ybkeme which has ybko. The
rules for the tones of the two syllables which form the Indeclinable Adjec
tives in this conjugation is as follows / if the essential vowel be lowered in
tone, then the final vowel of the Indeclinable Adjective is raised in tone ; if
the essential vowel have the raised tone, then both the essential vowel
and the final vowel have the lowered tone in the Indeclinable Adjective /

( 55)
kuka, bent down (from kukama) ;
bule, set apart (from bulama) ;
sbkc, heaped up (from sokama) ;
kale, alone, apart (from kalema) ;
sbke, lower (from sbkeme) ;
tbnge, on one side (from tengeme).
() In C5, e and b divisions, there is a variation from the usual mode
of forming the Indeclinable Adjective. These variations in C5, C6, C7,
C8, do not exclude the regular mode of derivation, but are in addition
thereto.
In the above mentioned divisions of Cj the final -no and -no of the
Infinitive is dropped. In the d division the final -na is dropped, and the
final vowel then ensuing is changed into d. In each case the ultimate and
penultimate are lowered in tone /
kekete, inconsiderable (from keketene) ;
sombotb, wrestling (from sombotono) ;
sokoto, /v//// avidity (from sokbtana).
(f) In C6, i and u divisions, the final -bana is struck off the Infinitive,
the part left being reduplicated, and both the final vowel of the original
part and of the reduplication lowered in tone /
sbndi-sbndi, searching everywhere (from sbndibana) ;
sbku-sbku, sich (from sbkubana).
(') In C7, e, i and u divisions the final -ngene and -ngana are struck
off the Infinitive, the remaining part being reduplicated and the final
vowel both of the original part and of the reduplication lowered in
tone /
cece-cece, smashed I.o atoms (from cecengene) ;
bindi-bindi, soiled (from bindingana) ;
nyunyu-nyunyu, crumpled (from nyunyungana) .
In the e and d divisions the final -na is struck off the Infinitive, and the
final vowel then ensuing is changed into e and d respectively. In the b
division the final -no is struck off the Infinitive. In each case the ultimate
and the penultinate are lowered in tone /
benzenge, warped (from benzengana) ;
bblongo, chaiigeaiile (from bblbngana) ;
kolbngb, prepared (from kolongono).
(h) In C8, e and b divisions the -le or -lo are struck off the Infinitive,
and in all the other divisions except the a division the final -la is struck
off the Infinitive. In the e and b divisions the final vowels which ensue
are left without further alteration ; in the e division the final vowel which

(56)
ensues when the termination is struck off is changed to e, in the i division it
is changed into i, in the d division it is changed into b, and in the u
division it is changed into u. The tones of the ultimate and the penulti
mate are raised /
betete, too short (from betetele) ;
komomo, meeh (from komomolo) ;
bekeke, standing erect (from bekekala) ;
bititi, concealed (from bititala) ;
lombmb, wary (from lomomala) ;
bukuku, //5' (from bukukala).
(/) In Cg the Infinitive becomes the Indeclinable Adjective, but the
final vowel of the second half of it is lowered in tone, and the tone of the
first syllable is copied in the first syllable of the second half /
kasakasa, struggling (from kasakasa) ;
lingalinga, dilatory (from lingalinga) ;
simbasimba, hesitating (from simbasimba) ;
yembeyimbe, staggering (from yembeyembe) ;
(/) In Cio the final -la of the Infinitive is struck off and the remain
ing part reduplicated. Both the tinal vowel of the original part and of the
reduplication is lowered in tone /
kobi-kobi, hoohed (from kobila) ;
songi-songi, threaded (from songila).
(h) In Cil the final -ma is struck off the Infinitive, and the remain
ing part is reduplicated, The final vowels both of the original part and of
the reduplication are lowered in tone /
paki-paki, frightened (from pakima) ;
seku-seku, panting (from sekuma).

(57)

SYNTAX.
72. SNSS OF NOUNS. As there are no case forms for the
nouns or pronouns, they may be referred to as having three senses
1. SUBJECTIVE.
2. OBJECTIVE.
3. DEFINITIVE.
These senses are ascertained by the position of the nouns in the sen
tences.
RULE i. A noun or pronoun with the subjective sense usually comes
before the verb.
RULE 2. A noun or pronoun with the objective sense usually comes after
the verb.
RULE 3. A noun or pronoun with the definitive sense usually follows (i)
a preposition, and modifies the preposition, and with the preposition de
fines the direction, instrument, or cause of the verb ; or (2) the adjectival
particle, and with the particle defines the relations or nature of a person
or thing denoted by another noun /
elenge atiki bota bo mobutu b ndako, the youth put the stranger's
gun in the house.
here elenge is a noun with the subjective sense, bota has the objective
sense, while mobutu preceded by the adjectival particle bo and ndakd
preceded by the preposition b have the definitive sense.
73. VOCA TIVE EXPRESSION. When a person is addressed in a
beseeching manner, it is customary to prefix the name by the interjection
e ! which represents the English O !
In calling out to a person it is usual to add to the last word the sound
of e or b, as may be thought euphonic.

( 58 )
74- GENDER. There are no forms of the nouns to denote gender ;
the sex of a noun is denoted by using the definitive nouns for male or
female in adjectival clauses.
RULE i. If the subjective noun be singular the definitive noun must be
also singular /
elenge e bwele, a male youth, a boy ;
elenge e mwene, a female youth. a girl ;
ngombo e bwele, a bull ;
ngombo e mwene, a cow ;
sango e mwene, a paternal aunt ;
nyango e bwele, a maternal uncle.
RULE 2. If the subjective noun be plural the definitive noun must be
also plural /
bilenge bi bampele, boys ;
ngombo ll bene, cows ;
basango ba \teae, paternal aunts.
75. COMPLEMENTAR Y SUBJECT. The meaning of the subject
may be further denned by the use of a complementary subject after the
verb. This is practically limited to the subjects of intransitive, stative, and
passive verbs /
alabwi mokonzi, he became chief, lit. he moved to another position as
chief;
akitani mokonzi, he succeeded as chief ;
atukibwi mokonzi, he was appointed chief;
akotanga malongb, he is bleeding, lit. he flows as to blood ;
nawl libomi, I suffered loss, lit. / died as to loss ;
akoke yeye momene or akoke nzbto ll yeye, he goes himself;
bakoyambela Yesu Masiya bakosawibwa ncoki, those who believe
Jesus Christ are forgiven. In this sentence without the complemen
tary subject ncoki, sins, the meaning would be changed, those who
believe in Jesus Christ are forsahen.
76. COMPLEMENTARY OBJECT. The meaning of the object
may be also further defined by a complementary object /
bamolabbli mokonzi, they made him hing ;
nabbwisi libomi, / occasionedyou loss ;
akotangisi mbata malongo, he bleeds the sheep ;
Nyambe akosabinya bato ncoki, Cod forgives people sins.

( 59 )
77- TEMPORARY SUBJECT. The temporary subject, represented
in English by the adverb there, and sometimes by the neuter pronoun it,
is regularly expressed in Bobangi by the pronominal prefix e, irrespective
of what the number of the real subject may be. Any form of any verb
may be used, but the most common are the irregular present and the
irregular past of the verb to be .eliki moto b Yelusalema, there was a man in Jerusalem ;
enga bato b zamba, there are people in theforest ;

enga ngai, it is I;
tinga biso, it is we ;
enga mokonzi, it is the chief;
enga bakonzi, it is the chiefs.
If the prefix is used with the forms of zala or any other verb it will
assume the tone required by the tense used for the verb /
ekozala bisengo angani, there will bejoy there ;
e'yi moto, there came a man ;
ebononi emwanga lobi, there will be seen an awful thing to-morrow.
Notice the order in a negative sense in which there is the temporary
subject /
enga nde moto te nolikela, there is no person to do it ;
enga nde moto te okolikela, there is no person who does it ;
enga nde moto okolikela ka, there is not a person who does it ;
note that the d of okolikela is not the d of the negative clause, but
the relative pronominal prefix, the d of the negative clause not being
used in this form of sentence. This may be clearly seen when the
sentence is put into the plural number, enga nde bato te bakolikcla, there are no persons who do it ; or enga nde bato bakolikela ka, there are not any people who do it.
78. COMPOUND SUBJECT. When nouns of various meanings
and from various classes come together in a sentence and form a com
pound subject of the verb, there must be a plural pronominal prefix used
on the verb, but opinion is divided as to what class the prefix should
belong. The following rules are offered as the best afforded by the
various methods in use by the natives /
RULE i. When the subject is compounded of people and things tangible
or intangible use the pronominal prefix ba- on the verb /
bato na biloko na mambi baosila, people and things and palavers
are come to an end.

( 60 )
RULE 2. When the subject is compounded of animals and things
tangible, or of things tangible represented by nouns with various alliterative
prefixes, use the pronominal bi- /
biloko na mileke bibwa, things and birds are dead.
RULE 3. When the subject is compounded of things tangible and intan
gible use the pronominal ma- /
biloko na bolingo maobula, things and love are increased.
RULE 4. When the subject is compounded of things intangible denoted
by nouns with various alliterative prefixes use the pronominal ma- /
boyambi, elikia, bolingo manga mambi mane, faith. hope, love
are great matters.
RULE 5. Each noun of the compound subject must receive its own
numeral, although each noun may require the same numerical qualifica
tion /
bato babale na biloko bibale na mambi mabale babsila, two
people and two things and two palavers are at an end.
RULE 6. Adjectives may follow the rules for the verb, but it is better to
follow Rule 5 for the numerals ; adjectival clauses follow the rules for the
verb/
bato balamu na biloko bilamu na mambi malamu (or bato na
biloko na mambi balamu) babsila, good people and good things
an,i good palavers are at an end.
bato na biloko na mambi ba ngai babsila, my people and things
andpalavers are come to an end.
A very common diversion from these rules is the custom of allowing the
last named noun to attract the pronominal prefix for the verb, then the
concord would be in the example for Rule I mabsila, for Rule 2 mibwa,
for Rule 3 bbbbula.
79. EMPHATIC SUBJECT. When the verb has its pronominal
prefix the person and number of the verb is fully denoted, and is complete
without requiring any other pronoun to come before it. When a pronoun
is also used, emphasis is laid upon the person of the verb /
akolosunga, //,' helps us ;
yeye akolosunga, he (that very person) helps us.
Of course, when a noun precedes the verb as subject there is no emphasis
thus 'aid on the subject ; when emphasis is required the pronoun must be
added /
mokonzi akoncunga, the chief helps me ;
mokonzi yeye akoncunga, the very chief himself helps me.

So. CONSECUTIVE OBJECTS. It is important to observe the

order of the objects in connection with a complicated form of the verb.
The object governed by the verb in its simple active form is here termed
the Natural Object; that required by the causative form the Causative
Object ; and that by the applied form the Applied or Indirect Object.
RULE i. The objective pronominal prefixes take precedence in a
sentence over the nouns or pronouns.
RULE 2. The objective noun, pronoun, or prefix attracted by the final
form-ending takes the first place, and if the form-ending has been affixed
to another form-ending, then the objective noun, pronoun, or prefix
governed by that form-ending is taken next, and the natural object of the
verb occupies the last place.
For example, take the various ways it may be possible to render On
behalf of the chief I am giving the worhman his worh,
nakokatisela mokonzi mosali lotbmo,
mokonzi is the applied object required to come first by the applied ending
ela; mosali is the causative object required to come next by the causative
ending isa, to which ending the applied ending has been affixed ; then
comes lotbmo, the natural object of the verb kata. By means of repre
sentative objective pronominals this could be rendered as follows /
nakomokatisela mosali lotbmo,
here the md between the verb and the tense sign ko refers to mokonzi ;
nakomomokatisela lotbmo,
here the second mo next to the tense sign ko refers to mosali ;
nakolomomokatisela,
here the ld next to the tense sign refers to lotomo.
81. VERBS WITH TWO OBJECTS. With many active verbs two
objects are used, but the order of them is according to the requirements of
the applied form. This is often the case with trisyllabic and polysyllabic
verbs, for which the applied form is counted too heavy to accord with
smooth speech. There is no confusion in the omission of the applied end
ing, for the presence of two objects is sufficient indication that the first of
them must be required by the applied form understood, although not other
wise indicated. The order now referred to cannot be reversed without
altering the sense ; if it should be reversed, and the indirect object be
made to follow the natural object, to make sense this indirect object must
be preceded by the preposition b or ombe.
For illustration take the two sentences, I give him it, and, / late itfrom
him, and note the five ways in which this can be said /

( 62 )

nakope yeye yengo ;

nakope yengo ombe yeye ;
nakomope yengo ;
nakoipe ombe yeye ;
nakoimope ;

nakolongola yeye yengo ;

nakolongola yengo ombe yeye ;
nakomolongola yengo ;
nakoilongola ombe yeye ;
nakoimolongoal.

82. EMPHATIC OBJECT. When the object of the verb can be

represented by an objective pronominal prefix, it is not good style to use a
noun or pronoun, the objective pronominal prefix should be used. When
ever the pronominal is used as well as a noun or pronoun the object is
emphasized /
akonkata, is good style if there is not special emphasis on the pro
noun me.
akonkata ngai, is good style if there is special emphasis on the
pronoun me.
akokata ngai, is not good style at all.
83. THE OBJECTIVE PRONOMINAL PREFIX for persons
whose representative nouns are in other classes than Class I or 2 is
naturally that prefix proper for nouns of the and class.
84. EMPHATIC PRECEDENCE OF OBJECT. When the
object is allowed to precede the verb which it should otherwise follow, the
objective pronominal prefix agreeing with it should be used on the verb /
mambi manya namalobi, those words I spahe.
This method of dealing with the object must not be confounded with the
objective adjectival clause [ 99]. The above example should not be ren
dered by those words which I spahe. The full force of the arrangement
will be seen in the following sentence /
mambi manya namalobi, mpe nalongwi, those words I spahe and
went away.
85. NOUNS FOLLOWED BY OBJECTIVE NOUNS, (i) A
noun in the objective sense follows the gerund derivative of the verb with
out the adjectival particle before it /
bosangbll Nyambe, worshipping God ;
bolobi mambi, speahing words ;
bosungi ngai, helplng me, my help.
(2) A noun in the objective sense also follows the subjective derivative
from the verb [ 70 (i)] /
.- .

(63 )
eboma moto, a murderer ;
esese bibwele, a divider of meat ;
etbnga ndako, a builder.
(3) A noun in the objective sense also follows certain other words, as
momene, an owner; ebali, the best; moninga used in compounds to
denote _///0a/ :
momene ndako, householder;
ebali ndako, ///,' best house ;
moninga moto, afellovi man.
86. ADJECTIVAL CLAUSE, (i) The adjectival clause has pre
cisely the same office as the adjective itself, and is used to define something
of the nature of the noun to which it is attached in respect of quantity or
quality, thus, mwana 6 mwene does not mean the child of the woman,
but a child of the female sort / mwasi d mondole does not correctly
mean the white man's wife, but the white wife / so that whenever it is
necessary to denote actual possession, and not the quality expressed or in
dicated by the adjectival clause, it will be more correct to use the enclitic
-mbe on the adjectival particle, and then the idea of possession cannot be
mistaken or misunderstood / mwana ombe mwene, the woman's child;
mwasi ombe mondele, the white man's wife.
This enclitic is rarely used, however, when that which is possessed is part
of the person himself /
llsd ll mokonzi, the chief's eye ;
munya mo mpomba, !h,' elder's mouth.
But when such words denote other persons or things, then the enclitic is
used /
liso llmbe mokonzi, the hings delegate ;
munya mombe mpomba, the elder's message.
(2) From the recognition of the nature of the pronoun it will be readily
gathered that the possessive enclitic is unnecessary with pronouns and the
adjectival particle is simply used with them /
sangb e ngai, myfather ; mwana d yeye, his child.
The enclitic -llki denoting possession in past time is used with pronouns.
(3) It is important to recognise the meaning of the adjectival clause
previously referred to in this section, for it is only by the definitive use of
a noun in an adjectival clause that we can represent, when necessary, the
article in use in other languages.

( 64 )
Take the two sentences following and translate uniformly /

aki ombe moninga d yeye d bolingo, he went to his loving friend

(his friend the loving one) ;
aki ombe moninga d yeye d motuli, //,' went to his blachsmithing
friend (Jiisfriend the blachsmith).
Reference has already been made to the absolute use of adjectives
[ 37/ ;itOML and thfi same observations are applicable to adjectival
clauses, therefore these two sentences could be cut down to
aki ombe d bolingo, he went to the loving person (d being the ad
jectival particle agreeing with the most general noun in Classes i
and 2) ;
aki ombe d motuli, he went to the blachsmithing person, that is, the
blachsmith.
It is just as common to use such a definitive clause as the subject of a
sentence /
d bolingo aowa, the loving one is dead ;
d motuli ablongwa, the blachsmith has gone away.
The relatival rendering of the verb can also be used in the same way /
okolinga aowa, the one who loves is dead ;
okotula ablongwa, the one who does blachstnithing is departed.
These instances illustrate the most common method of representing the
definite article.
In denoting things by means of adlectival clauses great care should be
taken to provide a suitable context, so that that which is referred to may
be clearly recognised ; for example, one may have been speaking of the
law written by Moses as the booh of lawsmonkana mo mibeko, and
with intelligent hearers it would only be necessary to use the phrase mb
mibe'ko in the rest of the speech to denote the law.
(4) A title can be used with a proper name without casting one or the
other into an adjectival clause. The title, however, must precede the
proper name, else otherwise the title must follow the name in a definitive
clause /
Mokonzi Ndombl, chiefNdombi ;
Ndombi e mokonzi. Ndombi the chief.
(5) As a general rule a noun in the definitive sense must agree in number
with the noun defined /
mwana d mweni, a girl ; bana ba beni, girls.
mot 6 d likwabela, a gigantic person ; bato ba makwabela, gigantic
persons.

EXCEPTION i. When the definitive noun is an abstract word (which is

the character of the gerund derivatives and the cognates formed by the
prefix of the 7th class), and so the noun has not properly a plural form,
this agreement is not followed /
nxoto o bolingo, a loving person ; bato ba bolingo, lovingpeople.
EXCEPTION 2. When the noun denned is an abstract word the definitive
noun is usually plural /
zambi ll miete, a tree matter ; bolingo bb bato, huinan love.
87. CONSECUTIVE ADJECTIVAL CLAUSES, (i) When two
definitive clauses are used in one sentence, the one with the possessive
sense may come before the one denoting the quality or quantity /
loboko lb mokonzi lb mobali, the chief's right arm ;
but the place which appears to be more correct for the qualitative clause is
next the noun qualified, for to always follow the order just noticed would
lead sometimes to misunderstanding, and it must be reckoned only admis
sible when no ambiguity is caused by so constructing the sentence, for
instance if the model were followed in this case
mwana ombe mokonzi d mwene,
it might mean thefemale child of the chief, but the more natural meaning of
the sentence would be the child of the female chief. In such a case an
ambiguity arises, therefore construct as follows /
mwana d mwene ombe mokonzi, thefemale child of the chief.
loboko lb mobali lb mokonzi, the chief's right arm.
It is quite imperative that the qualitative clause come first when the
possessive noun is further qualified by other adjectival clauses /
loboko lb mobali lb mokonzi onya okolekola bone, the right arm
ofthat chief who is greatest of all.
(2) When one of the two definitive clauses is quantitative and the other
possessive in sense, and the quantitative one be put first, this has a parti
tive meaning and means that the number of articles, etc., should be
subtracted from the whole number possessed ; if the quantitative clause
follow the possessive one, it has a distributive meaning and means that
the whole number possessed and denoted are to be taken /
bekeke mata mabale ma yo, bring two ofyour gaiis ;
bekeke mata ma yo mabale, bring your two guns.
(3) The demonstrative adjective may be put in where taste requires it.
(4) The relative clause always comes last.

( 66 )'
Bring those two guns ofyours which were found, may be rendered /
manya ma yo mabale'
ma yo manya mabale
ma yo mabale manya
bekeke mata
manya mabale ma yo
mabale manya ma yo
I mabale ma yo manya

maokundwa.

(5) Consecutive adjectives are connected by the conjunction mpe /

bato basanda mpe bakbti, the tall and strongpeople ;
bato banga basanda mpe bakbti, the people are tall and strong.
Similarly, when the office of adjective is discharged by an adjectival
clause /
bato ba bosanda mpe ba bokbti.
88. CONVERSION OF ADJECTIVAL CLAUSE.
The ad
jectival clause is often converted for the sake of emphasis into a definitive
phrase, introduced by the preposition na /
bato na bosanda mpe na bbkbti, which is more fully,
bato banga na bosanda mpe na bokbti, the people are tall and
strong, lit. the people have or are with tallness and strength.
89. COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES. (i) This is effected in
various ways but chiefly by means of the verbs pita, leka, lekola ; for the
purpose of comparison it is more usual to cast the adjective into the form
of an abstract noun /
mold bnya akondeka bokbti, that person is stronger than I, lit. that
person surpasses me as to strength.
(2) While leka and pita are used to express a comparative sense as in
the above example, lekola is more commonly used to express the superla
tive sense, and the verb so used partakes of an intransitive meaning, as
would also pita and leka if similarly used. When these verbs are used
with a transitive meaning, that is, with an object following, they give the
comparative sense to the sentence, and when they are used with an intran
sitive meaning, that is, without an object following, they impart the
superlative sense to the sentence /
akolekola bokbti, he is most strong.
(3) When the abstract notion of the adjective (or gerund) is compared,
the adjective assumes its abstract nounal form (the verb is made into a
gerund), and this abstract noun (or gerund) is made the subject of the
sentence /

(67)
bokoti bo yeye bokopita bo ngai, his strength is more than mine
(surpasses mine) ;
bosungi bo yeye bbkopita bo ngai, his help is more than mine
(surpasses mine) ;
bokoti bo yeye bokolekola, his strength is greatest {surpasses).
(4) Indeclinable adjectives may be compared as follows /
zambi liye linga lendende ekopita 6 linya, ////. matter is more
compulsory than that ;
nanga petb ekopita e yo, I am holier than thou.
(5) The comparison of adjectives can be made by means of the noun
ebali, for examples see cba.li in Bobangi- English section of Dictionarj'.
90. INVERSION OF ATTRIBUTE. When an adjective or ad
jectival clause comes before the noun which it really qualifies (this refers
to relatival clauses as well), the normal order of the sentence has been in
verted and the attribute of the predicate brought before the subject, so
that the verb to be must be understood between such adjective or adjectival
clause and the noun. The verb to be is very often inserted, and it is re
commended as better style to always include it. The copula for the
Present is most commonly e'nga, and for the Past is eliki (but any
desired form of the verb to be may be used) irrespective of the number or
class or person of the noun or pronoun which may be the subject of the
sentence /
oyo e'nga moto d kotombo binb, this is the person yon are seehing ;
molamu e'nga mokonzi, a good person is the chief;
d bisingo e'nga yeye bnga petb or mome bisengo e'nga bnga
petb, happy is he who is pure ;
peto-petb e'nga bangb bakobono Nyambe or petb-peto e'nga
ekambe ekobono Nyambe or petb-petb e'nga bakobono
Nyambe, pure are they who see God.
91. INDECLINABLE ADJECTIVES. They can be used on
occasion as nouns, in which case they are classed as nouns in the singular
of Class 8. When thus used as nouns they have the same force as a
gerund, and if they occur in an adjectival clause the adjectival particle pre
cedes them in common with all other definitive nouns /
nakbke b yambo e yo, I will go before you ;
bato ba yambo, thefirst or primeval people.
In some cases, however, principally with pronouns, they seem to qualify
the noun or pronoun without the introduction of the adjectival particle, but
then the verb to be is understood /

(68 )
busa ti for busa enga ti, the day is still ;
yeye wo for yeye enga wo, he is gone.
In a similar way an indeclinable adjective may follow a noun as a rela
tival clause without adding the relatival form of the verb to he /
akoloba mambi tamo for akoloba mambi manga temo, he speahs
words which are grammatical ;
Kioto kb-ko abwa for moto bliki ko-ko abwa, the man who was
tied up is dead.
92. INDECLINABLE ADJECTIVES AS ADVERBS. The
place of the adverb in English as the qualifying word for adjectives is
largely taken in Bobangi by the indeclinable and nounal adjectives, and
these are used to qualify any kind of adjective /
moto molamu be, a very goodperson ;
moteyi molobi polele, a clearly speahing teacher ;
mbieli ebe nguya, a very bad hnife ;
anga we kbso, he is entered safely ;
mwana anga kbsd nyomeni, the child is truly better.
93. DEMONSTRATIVE ADJECTIVES. Use -ye (-yo) when
you refer to what is on your side, with you, in your hand, before you, or
what is about to be quoted.
Use -na when you refer to that which is in sight or when the direction
of it or them is indicated by appropriate words.
Use -nya when you refer to things or persons which have been spoken
about, or words which have been quoted, or that which is remote and not
observed and not able to have the direction indicated.
94. INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS. The position for the In
terrogative Pronoun is at the end of the sentence, however much the sen
tence may be complicated by various clauses. The leading verb is con
strued in a relatival manner if the subject is generalised by the use of the
adverb wani, but otherwise the pronominal prefix of the verb is as in the
regular sentence.
Take, for example, the rendering of Luke xiv. 31 "Mpe mokonzi d
wani dkoke nbkbngbndwa na mokonzi mosiso b etumba, mpe anga
nde yambo d zala bwa noyanga ndiki yeye na kiasi akoyisa
noteme ngendo na yeye dkoya nokbmotemele esbngb na biikiasi
babale ka, na ? "
The Interrogative could be put after the first clause, but it is not
reckoned good style to do so. If it were put after the first clause in the

( 69)
above example, the paragraph would run thus'" Mpe mokonzi d wani
na, okoke . . . babale ka?"
Although this alternative place is allowable for the Interrogative na, it
is not tolerated for the Interrogative nde ; nde must always come quite at
the end of the sentence /
biloko biliki b nkobe e yeye nde ? what were those things in his
box?
When the subject of the sentence is qualified by an objective adjectival
clause, the pronoun proper to the subject must be placed immediately
before the Interrogative Pronoun /
bango ba kobianga yeye bango bana 1 who are those whom he is
calling?
mambi ma koloba yo na ntina e yome mango nde ? what do you
say about yourself?
In asking a person's name the Interrogative used is not nde but na /
llna ll yo na ? what is your name ?
mina ma bango bana ? what are their names ?
95. GENERALIZING PHRASE. A noun or pronoun is general
ized by means of the adverb wani, which is used as in an adjectival
clause /
moto d wanl, yeye d wani, bato ba wani, whosoever.
eloko e wani, biloko bi wani, bingo bi wani, whichsoever.
96. RELATIVAL CLAUSES, (i) These do not differ from the
regular predicative constructions so far as form is concerned. The
relatival value of the clause can only be inferred from the constructional
nature of the sentence.
(a) If the antecedent (expressed or understood) be a noun denoting a
person or persons, the subjective pronominal prefix will be the adjectival
particle proper to the class to which the noun belongs, and not the usual
prefix for the verb, and in this case no difficulty will be experienced in
noting the clause as relatival.
RULE i. If there be two verbal clauses following one subject, and they
be not connected by the conjunction mpe, the first is usually a relatival
clause.
RULE 2. A relatival clause precedes a predicative one.
RULE 3. A relatival clause is always in the third person and agrees
with its antecedent in number but not necessarily in person.
(2) A relatival clause may be used absolutely like the adjective and
adjectival clause /

( 70 )

okoloba aoya, the speaher is come (who speahs is come) ;

ybkaka ma okoloba, listen to the words of the speaher (listen to of
who speahs).
(3) A relatival clause may be subjective or objective. It is subjective
when it qualifies its own subject ; all the examples in this section are sub
jective ; in each case the pronominal indicates the subject of the verb.
The relatival clause is objective when it qualifies its own object, this is
done by inverting the sentence and using the infinitive of the verb in the
construction of the clause [ 99].
(4) Examples /
moninga bnga weni anga molamu, thefriend who is here if good ;
mokonzi byi lobi akbkonb, the chief who cameyesterday is sich ;
mondele mbkuli bota abke bokila, ///. white man who tooh the gun
is gone hunting ;
elema ezali b mbbka abwa, the idiot who lived in the homestead is
dead.
Rule I and 2, bato bayi lobi bakozala na bisb, should be rendered
the people who came yesterday are living with us, while
bato bayi lobi, mpe bakozala na bisb, should be rendered the
people came yesterday, and they arc living with us.
Rule 3, ngai okoloba nakoyeba, I who speah hnow ;
binb banga rule d sala ka bokbsenga boli,_r<w who worh not will
lachfood.
(5) There is a noun ekambe [ekambi], meaning such a person or such
persons of whom something can be said definitively, which is often used in
the relatival construction of a sentence. This word never appears to be
used as the subject of a predicative sentence, but is always the subject of a
relatival clause, which clause is the subject of a sentence /
ekambe ekokela mambi ma ngblu bakbyamba ngblu, such as do
things of hindness shall receive hindness ;
bisb ekambe ekoluba ncu lokoto bwale b mai, we who net fish
suffer trouble in the water.
97. PARTICLE OF INTERROGATIVE CONTRAST. This
little particle ke is used in a question in which two ideas are contrasted
as to possibility or justness.
(i) The model for a sentence in which the possibility of the less is con
trasted with the possibility of the greater is as follows /
moto bnya ke akoyisa, mpe nde ngai ?
moto bnya mbkbu ke akoyisa, mpe nde ngai mokbti ?
moto bnya ke akoyisa, te na ngai mpe ?
moto bnya ke akoyisa, te ekoyisa ngai ?

the adjectives in the second model are implied in all the others, and they
mean, If that man who is weah is able, am not I who am strong?
(2) A very good example of a complicated sentence, the force of which
hangs altogether on this little particle, is the rendering of Luke xiil. 15, 16
" Binb ba ndelengi, te binb, moto na moto, b eyenga bbkopusola
ngombo ll binb ke, mpe' na mpunda ll bino ke b biyalo bi kole
bingo, mpe bokobikbla nokbbinulsa mal ? mpe niwene oyo, mwana
ombe Abalayama, d kangakl Satana, bakeka ! mibu miye zbmu na
mwambi, tiki abazala nde d puswibwa 6 ekatanga enya b busa bb
eyenga ka ? "
(3) The model for the contrast of the greater with less usually embodies
a negative idea, and is as follows /
yeye ke d yisa ka, mpe nde ngai ?
yeye mokbti ke d yisa ka, mpe nde ngai mokou?
yeye ke d yisa ka, ekoyisa ngai ?
The adjectives in the second given sentence are implied in the others, and.
they mean, He who is strong is not able, and can I who am weah ?
The following instance is not of negative construction /
Nyambe ke enga molamu akotbmbisela babe na balamu mbula
ll yeye, mpe nde bisb bobato lbyina baninga T God who is good
causes his rain to descend for the bad and good, and shall we human beings
hate ourfriends ?
98. PKEPOSlT/ONS. fi) The enclitic -mbe is used on the pre
position b when it is required before nouns or pronouns denoting human
beings /
lokoke bmbe bangb, we are going to them ;
longwa bmbe mondele, gofrom the white ma//.
(2) The preposition//w used in English with verbs of cleansing before
the nouns denoting what is removed by cleansing is not represented in
Bobangl. Such nouns taking the preposition in English are regarded as
the complementary object of the verb in Bobangi, and the person or thing
cleansed as the natural object, or the construction may be regarded
according to 8 1 /
ompetolo ncoki, cleanse me from sin ;
apongi bilamba mbindo, he washed the clothes from filth.
99. OBJECTIVE RELATIVAL CLAUSES.
These are con
structed by means of the Infinitive both Simple and Tense.
(i) The Simple Infinitive is used when it is required to state the purpose
for which some thing or person is required /

( 72 )

mai ma nua, water So drinh ;

mambi ma loba, things to say.
(2) An object may follow the Infinitive, or an objective pronominal prefix
may be prefixed to it if the noun which comes first be an indirect object of
the verb /
cloko e boma, a thing to hill ;
eloko e boma ncu, a thing to hillfish with .nongo e loba mambi, a place in which to speah business ;
nongo e kolobela, a place in which to speah to you.
(3) Of course, passives and statives and all intransitive words can only
take an indirect object in this way /
nongo e kbswa, a place to be safe in ;
ndembe e tambola, time to walh about.
(4) When the subject must be stated, the Simple Infinitive can no longer
tbe used, but the Tense Infmitive must take its place ; these examples will
serve also to illustrate the inversion of a sentence, which is always done in
the case of an objective adjectival clause /
eloko e kosala ngai, the thing which I worh ;
eloko 6 koboma ngai ncu, the thing with which I hillfish ;
ndembe e koboma ngai ncu, the time when I hillfish.
This last sentence is often cut down by taking away the word ndembe,
and leaving merely the adjectival particle /
e koboma ngai ncu, when I hillfish.
(5) Any tense infinitive may be used as required by the speaker or
writer.
(6) When it is is desired to point out the instrument by which an action
is performed, by this mode of inverting the sentence, the preposition na,
which should come before the indirect object of the verb when the sentence
is not inverted, is placed before the subject, and the natural object precedes
the subject /
eloko e koboma ncu na ngai, the thing with which I hillfish ;
mwete mo kotambola na ngai, the stich with which I walh ;
mbieli e kole boll na ngai, the hnife with which I eatfood.
100. USE OF THE INFINITIVE AS A PARTICIPLE. (i)
The Simple Infinitive is used together with the abstract demonstrative
adjective in the construction of a participial clause. The demonstrative
adjective boye may refer to something previously mentioned, or is still to
be mentioned, or, and generally, it may have no reference to anything at

( 73 )

all. Its purpose is merely what the people say the words usually classed
as conjunctions are for, namely, to serve as a check in the speech. The
Infinitive in this participial use is always accompanied by this demonstra
tive adjective /
ngai, leka boye, nabakuminyi bwa-bwa, I, passing, saw them
sitting down ;
ba.ngo, wele boye, b ndako bababoni, they, entering, saw them in
the house.
(2) The Simple Infinitive may be reduplicated and used as a participle.
It is used in this way to denote that there is no result from the performance
of the action of the verb :
kata-kata eloko enya eselimwi, holding (as much as I could) that
thing slipped ;
meka-meka naliki nde d yisa ka, trying (all I could) I was not
able.
101. SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD, (i) The Subjunctive Mood is used
after hypothetical adverbs, conjunctions, or phrases /
ndlki siake, if I go ;
yengo nake, necessarily I go ;
tiki nabake, necessarily / should have gone ;
aki na ntina ete asomba boli, -:.' .-.,/ that he might hnyfood.
(2) The subjunctive past is frequently used with an interjective sense in
the present /
nabake ! Igo !
nabakeka! I behold !
102. COMPARATIVE MOOD. The following are models for the
Comparative Mood /
natikolinga sango e yo, natikolinga yo mps, / love your father
very much. I love you very much too ;
nayebi sango c yo, te natikomolinga ? / hnew your father, did
not I love him very much ?
naliki nde d linga ma Nyambe yambo ka, cik'awa natikamalinga, / did not lihe God's matters previously, now I lihe them very
much ;
natikolengwa na mambi mabe yambo, sik'awa natikomabbya,
I was very much led astray in ignorance by evil matters previously,
now I utterly refuse them.
103. PURPORTIVE MOOD, (i) The Purportive Mood is used
primarily after a verb to denote the purpose of the action of the verb,

( 74 )

when this purpose is direct, that is, when the subject of the main verb and
the subject of the verb denoting the purpose are identical /
abya nolosakola imimbi, he has come to tell us palavers ;
alingi noya, he wished to come ;
akobbya noloba, he refuses to speah.
But when the purpose is indirect, that is, the subject of the main verb
and the subject of the verb denoting the purpose are not identical, then the
subjunctive is used /
akomosakola aya, he is telling him to come ;
alingi aya, he wished him to come ;
akobabbya baloba, he refuses them to speah.
These models are to be preferred, although in loose speech are heard such
expressions as bmbbianga noya, call him to come, instead of the better
bmbbianga aya.
(2) A verb in the purportive mood may be used after attributive
clauses /
anga kelelu noke, he is compelled to go ;
anga na bolamu noya, //, ' is good to come.
(3) In the second example just given, if the Infinitive were used instead
of the Purportive a very different sense would be presented /
anga na bolamu bo ya, he has a good way of coming, he comes in a
good way (lit. he has goodness to come).
(4) In the impersonal rendering of these ideas the Purportive is also
used /
enga kekelu na yeye noya, it is compulsory with him to come ;
enga na yeye bolamu noya, it is with him goodness to come.
(5) These sentences can be rendered by the Subjunctive with ete /
anga kelelu ete aya, he is compelled that he come ;
enga kelelu na yeye ete aya, it is compulsory with him that he
come.
Any tense of the verb may be used after ete, should the tense of the
verb be important.
(6) Any tense of the Purportive may be used as required.
(7) The Purportive in all its tenses is in use as an exclamation of
rebuke /
yo nokela bongo ! and that is the way you do !
yo nokbkela bongo ! and that is the way you will d/ !
yo nokelaka bongo ! and that is the way you did!
yo nobisbkela ! andyou did it again !

( 75 )
(8) The Purportive is used in connection with the emphatic adverbs nyo
and oni /
ngai nokope eloko nyo, / will never give you anything ;
ngai nbkope oni, I will give you nothing at all.
(9) The Purportive is used after the conjunction kani, lest ; also in
precisely the same sense without the conjunction /

temeke kani ngai nota, or temeke ngai nota, stand lest Ifire.
(10) The Purportive is used aftej the conjunction' tu se /

tu se moto noyamba monkandi anga nde d yisa nowele ka,

except a person receives authority he cannot enter.

This must not be confounded with the use of tu se as a preposition /

tu se moto bnga na monkandi enga nde moto te okoyisa nowele,
except the person who has authority no one can enter.
(n) The Purportive is used in hypotheses in which their inverse is to
be assumed. The Purportive is used in the protasis, and the apodosis is
introduced generally by yengo or komo in the present and future (or they
are omitted) and the verb in the subjunctive follows. When the protasis
has the past Purportive the apodosis is introduced by tiki (or is omitted)
and the indicative or subjunctive past follows /
ngai nolikela (yengo or komo) nawa, if I do it I should die ;
ngai nokblikela (yengo or komo) nawa, if I do it I should die ;
ngai nolikelaka (tiki) nawi or nabawa, if I had done it, I should
have died ;
ngai nozala d likela ka (yengo or komo) nawa, if I do it not, I
should die ;
ngai nozalaka d likela ka (tiki) nawi or nabawa, if I had done it
not I should have died.
But if the hypothesis is the real case, use ndiki or obo in the protasis
with the verb in the present indicative ; if it be likely to be the case use the
same conjunctions with the indicative future ; if it has been the case use
the same conjunctions with the indicative past ; use angani to introduce
the apodosis which should have a verb in the same tense as the one in the
protasis /

ndiki nakolikela, angani nakolonga, if I do it, I am innocent ;

ndiki nakblikela, angani nakblonga, if I do it, I shall be innocent.

ndiki nalikeli, angani nalbngi, if I did it, I was innocent.

And similarly for the negative constructions /

'4E

"X* '

ndiki nanga nde d likela ka, angani nakokita, if I do it not I am

guilty.

( 76 )

104. CONSTRUCTIONS OF PASSIVES AND CAUSATIVES

IN C8, Cg, Cio, Cn. The Passives and Causatives of these four con
jugations are made by taking the essential parts of the verbs and forming
upon them the Passive and the Causative in the usual way by affixing -ibwa
and -isa. and the meaning of the fonns thus obtained is defined by the in
declinable adjectives derived from the same verbs, each for each, which
follow immediately after the passive and after the object in the case of the
causative /
C8 from katatala /
katibwa katatala, to be caused to shrinh ;
katisa katatalu, /,- cause to shrinh.
( '9 from kasakasa /
kasibwa kasakasa, to he caused to struggle ;
kasisa kasakasa, to cause to struggle.
Cio from kobila/
kobibwa kobi-kobi, to be hoohed ;
kobisa kobi-kobi, to help to hooh.
Ci I from pakima /
pakibwa paki-paki, to be affrighted ;
pakisa paki-paki, tofrighten.
105. QUESTIONS. (i) Mere inquiry may be made in any appro
priate tense as desired. If the present tense is used, the final vowel of the
word is raised in tone /
akolikela? is he doing it ?
akotambola ? is he walhing ?
akobabalinginya ? is he dispersing them ?
(2) In asking permission or in enquiring the desirability of anything
being done, the subjunctive present is used. [ 64 (5)].
(3) In asking whether a thing is able to come into some condition, etc.,
the sentence is often cast into the present tense, and the verb to be able is
omitted /
elamba ekokalwa ? for elamba ekoyisa nokalwa ? can the cloth
tear?
enga nde d bosa ka ? for enga nde d yisa bobosi ka ? cannot it
breah?
106. NEGATIVE CONSTRUCTIONS.
RULE i. Use ka to negative verbs.
RULE 2. Use te to negative nouns.
RULE 3. The introducing negative particle d immediately precedes the
verb.

( 77 )

(1) In negativing the predicate, which is composed of copula and

attribute, there is no difference in meaning in Bobangi whether the copula
is negatived or the attribute. He is not good, and ke is no good require a
slightly different meaning to be given to the adjective in English. But in
Bobangi anga nde molamu ka, and anga nde molamu to, mean
exactly the same thing.
In everyday speech the verb to be is often dropped, but its presence is
clearly allowed for ; this will explain the reason why sometimes the
adverbial negative is heard instead of the adlectival negative qualifying
nouns, as, eloko ka, which is for enga nde eloko ka.
(2) The adverb nd8 together with the verb to be are necessary to the
full construction of a negative sentence /
Present Indicative /

nanga nde d kata ka ;

nakozala nde d kata ka.
Future Indefinite /
nakozala nde d kata ka.
Future Definite /
nazali nde d kata ka.
Past Indefinite /
naliki nde d kata ka.
nazali nde d kata ka.
Past Definite /
naliki nde 6 kata ka ;
nazali nde d kata ka,
Subjunctive Present / nazala nde d kata ka,
Past /
nabazala nde d kata ka.
(3) In slovenly speech the nde is left out, but such a model is not
recommended. But it is good style, in short statements, to omit both the
verb to be and the nde, supplying their place by a pronoun, the tense and
mood being understood, as, ngai d ybka ka, I hear not.
(4) In a negative sentence in which there are many objects to the verb,
these objects regularly precede the negative particle ka, but for the sake
of emphasizing each object the ka can be repeated after each one.
In the rendering of Luke xiv. 26" Moto nonzenela ngai, mpe
nozala nde & yina sangb e yeyeme, mpe na nyangb, mpe na mwasi,
mpe na bana, mpe na ba moi moko ba bampele, mpe na ba moi
moko ba bene, e ! mpe na ncoki bomoto bb yeye momene ka, anga
nde d yisa moyekoli d ngai bozali ka "if it were necessary to empha
size very strongly the negative as regards each object of the verb, the nega
tive particle would be repeated after yeyeme, nyangb, mwasi, etc.
(5) When there are clauses not separated from the verb by the con
junction and these depend on the verb, they should all be put before the
negative particle ka /

anga nde d linga noke ka, //,' does not wish to go ;

anga nde d linga zambi linya li mbsakbli yo bokeli ka, he does
not wish to do the matter which you told him.

(6) When the reason of the negative is given, it must follow the negative
particle /
anga nde d linga zambi linya bokeli ka kani yeye note bwale,

he does not want to do the matter lest he suffer ;

aliki nde d linga zambi linya bokeli ka na atoncic e ngai, he
did not want to do the matter on account of me.

But when a reason and the verb are negatived together, the clause indi
cating the reason must come before the negative particle /
anga nde d linga zambi linya bokeli kani yeye noto bwalc ka
nde kani lingo nozala bobe, he does not want to do that matter
merely lest he should sz/ffer, but lest it he evil ;
aliki nde d linga zambi bokeli na etondb e ngai ka, he did not
want to do the matterfor me.

(7) After the imperative negative, although there may be many objects,
no further mention of the negative particle is required /
The tenth word of the Law" T*dnonoke nokwa ndako embe
moninga d yo ; t'ononoke nokwa mwasi ombe moninga a yo,
mpe na mosali d bwele d yeye, mpe na mosali d mwene d
yeye, mpe na ngombo e yeye, mpe na mpunda e yeye, mpe
na ncoki eloko yoko embe moninga d yo."

(8) The following is the model for the construction of a negative

objective relatival clause /
naboni nkeka e liki nde yo d bono ko, / saw a hill which you did
not see ;
akobosakbla mambi ma kbzala nde bino d yeba ntina ka, he
will tell you something, the meaning of which you will not under
stand.

(9) In an indirect question which requires a full assent as being the

only answer possible, such questions are preceded by the word te or
nga/
te or nga bisb longa bato bakowa ? are we not people who die ?
e ! longa bakowa, yes ! we are those who die.

(10) In indirect questions which demand an emphatic negative reply,

either the question is made precisely in the same way as if it were a state
ment, with the common interrogative accent (which is better understood

(79)
by listening to the natives than able to be explained), and no further
particle used, or the sentence is concluded by etb.
bokbbbya etb ? you will certainly not r,fnse ?
te ! lbbbya bbni-bbni ? no ! how could we refuse ?
(n) In one of the proverbs of the tribe there is a negative verb to be
pa, but this is not in use in any of the Bobangi districts, it can only be
found in some of the dialects branching from Bobangi /
etuka 6 bwele epa na mobondi mosiso, ' widower has not another
conifortu-.
107. PARTICIPLE OF EXACT DEFINITION, (i) The parti
ciple of exact definition is used with a noun to state the use or condition of
the person or thing denoted by the noun /

mambi ma bolobaka, speech ;

mambi ma bokanisa or bokanisaka, thoughts ;
mambi ma bokelaka, deeds ;

ncete ll bonetelo or boneteleke, rivets.

(2) If it is required to still further strengthen the definition the adverb
se is introduced /
mambi se ma bolobaka, things merely ofspeech.
(3) When the participle is used after verbs with se, it excludes all side
issues and other inferences apart from the exact state or action denoted by
the verb /

alobi se bolobaka, he merely spohe.

(4) But without se it merely assists the verb in being used intransi
tively /

alobi bolobaka, //, ' spohe.

108. PARTICIPLE OF CO-INCIDENT ACTION. (i) In a
compound temporal sentence in which one part describes the result ensuing
from the performance of the first part, the participle of co-incident action
is used in the second part /
e yi ngai b ndako, yeye mipimela, -iuhin I entered the house he went
out.
(2) Or it may be used in the first part, and then the second part is
rendered as a plain statement introduced by angani /
eseu mibbmela, angani moke makobonbno be, when the river
goes down very low at low-water season, the sandbanhs are very
visible.

( So )
109. Yisa, being an intransitive verb properly followed by a purportive
form, is frequently used as though it were a transitive verb, but in this
case the verb kela is understood /

nakoyisa linya for nakoyisa nokela liiiya, / can do that.

There are three ways of bringing in the verb which should follow the
verb yisa / (i) by using the purportive form ; (2) by abbreviating the
purportive form, striking off the initial n ; (3) by casting the verb into the
form of the gerund /
(1) nakoyisa notanga monkana monya mo mpi yo ;
(2) nakoyis'otanga monkana monya mo mpi yo ;
(3) nakoyisa botangi monkana monya mo mpi yo ;
nakoyisa monkana monya mo mpi yo botangi.
The last instance is the most elegant manner of saying, / can read the booh
tahich you gave me.

BOBANGI-ENGLISH DICTIONARY.

S3)

NOTES ON THE USE OF THE DICTIONARY.

NUMBERS following nouns denote the number of class to which they

belong. They are only appended when there may be any ambiguity in
finding the proper class.
The English words are in no way classified, the ABBREVIATIONS refer
to the Bobangi words or clauses.
Words in SQUARE BRACKETS are other useful derivations, forms, etc.,
of the words with which they are associated.
Words in ROUND BRACKETS are usually explanatory. In the EnglishBobangi section the Bobangi words in such brackets are not recommended
for literary work ; they are somewhat of a dialectic nature, and are not
generally used.
The TONES of all the class prefixes of the nouns are lowered in tone un
less otherwise marked.
If a verb have an Active form, 'reference should be made to such form
to obtain the meaning of any of the OTHER FORMS, and if such mean
ing be not found there, it can be obtained by applying the rules of the
Grammar. If the verb have no Active form, then reference should be
made ;to the Stative form. Words which may have Active or Stative
forms, but which are not in use, will be found in their respective alpha
betical places, and not under any fictitious Actives and Statives.
Clauses marked DEFINITIVE are generally introduced by the preposition
na; in all such cases the appropriate adjectival particle can be substituted
for the preposition.
In all phrases marked VERBAL, care should be taken to observe whether
the verb in the phrase can take an object ; and if it can, such object when
included in the phrase should be placed next the verb.
In the Bobangi-English section, elision of vowels is signified by an
apostrophe, but in the English-Bobangi section no elision is signified,

each word being spelt in full. Thus exercise in the native method will be
found in one part, and analytical clearness for the student in the other.
The following abbreviations have been used /
a-ij., adjective.
adv., adverb.
aph., adverb phrase.
cl., clause.
col., collective.
colq., colloquially.
eonj., conjunction.
den/., demonstrative.
dph., definite phrase.
Eng., English.
Fr., French.
ind., indeclinable adjective.
inter., interrogative.
iiitj., interjection.
K., Lower Congo.
., noun.
ndj., nounal adjective.
np//., noun phrase.

part., participle.
ph., phrase.
pl., plural.
pph., preposition phrase.
prep., preposition.
pro//., pronoun.
ref., reflexive.
sing., singular.
v., verb.
vap., verb applied.
vc., verb causative.
vin., verb intransitive.
vp., verb passive.
vp//. , verb phrase.
vrec., verb reciprocal.
vs., verb stative.
vt., verb transitive.

BOBANGI-ENGLISH

A! intj., hark! hark!

A! X! intj., what's that !
A-a-a ! intj., expression of great
wonder.
Aba, M'///. = oT)o.
Abo, conj. = obo.
Aka, nii. = ka.
Akasia (Fr.), j. //., acacia.
Ale (Fr.), 3, ., are (metric
measure).
Amonia (Eng.), 3, ., ammonia.
Anatbmi ( Eng. ), 3, . , anatomy.
Angani, a/fe., thence, there (it is
usually placed after v. ).
conj., then, therefore (it is
usually placed at the beginning
ofa sentence).

Ani, adv., there.

ani n'ani, here and there.
Antimakasa (Eng.), 3, ., anti
macassar.
io ! intj. , expression of surprise.
Awa, adv., here, hither.

Ba ! intj. , used in charging a culprit

who is taking the test poison ;
za is used at the conclusion
ba! okati eloko e'nyu,
nuaka mbondo, za !
Ba, vt., to beat down (weeds,
grass, undergrowth).
Ba, aaj. particle, pl. , class I, 2, 3.
See Grammar, 33, 34.

Ba, ///./., smacking.

bete ba, to smack.

DICTIONARY

Babangana, vs., to prate, prattle,

talk without pause.
Babbla, vt., to burn (food in cook
ing it), scorch (clothes while
ironing or drying them), spoil
in operating with fire.
Babbti, n.pl. , parents.
Baibana, 7' . = balibana.
Baima, ,-.-. = balima.

Baka, vt. , to hack (bunch of palm

nuts into bunchlets).
Baka, vt., to accomplish, adhere
to, attend to, carry out or
through, discharge (obligation),
be dutiful, engage in, execute
(orders), be faithful, follow out,
fulfil, maintain, perform, prac
tise, render, undertake, work
out.
baka libonga, to colonize.
bakela, vap., to be loyal to.
bakisa, vc., to administer (laws),
compel attention to, enforce,
oversee (workmen), superin
tend (work).
Baka-baka, ///,/'., high up above
edge.
Bakakala, vs., to be a hindrance
(of person detaining another in
conversation, etc.).
Bakatala [bakata], , '.., to be fat,
be podgy.
Bakia [bake'ma, baka), vt., to
hang up loosely (clothes on
line, hat on nail), suspend.
bake'ma, ;-.-. , also = kananala.
Bakikia [bakikema,bakika], i-.'.,
to compel, constrain, coerce,
press, urge.

BAKO-BANDA

( 86 )

Bakbla, vt., to cut off close to sur

face.

Bakola, -'/. = banda, to begin.

Bakbla, vt. , to remove from sus
pension, take down.
Bakbnga, 3, .//. = mosbl/i,
money.
Bakoto, 3, n.pl., smallpox.
Bala, vt., to marry, wed.
balela, vap., to assist in marry
ing (usually of father or master
helping son or slave in his
marriage).
balisa, vc., to give (a daughter
or female slave) in marriage,
conduct marriage service for.
Bala, vin., to break out or come
out bright (of light or sun after
a cloudy sky or in a morning
about 7 o'clock).
balela mwe'sc, to be exposed to
the sun.
Bala, vt., to count, enumerate.
Bala, vt., to trim (fronds from
palm).
Balanga-balanga, in,l, open (of
forest).
Balangana, vs., to be dispersed,
be scattered.
balinginya bokonb, to disinfect.
-bale, adj., two. The absolute
form is mibale. With col
lective nouns it may bear the
concord of the singular number and then denotes a conple.etbng'ebal'eng'esengo, a com
pany of two is joy. The
number z is also used col
loquinlly with the diminutive
mwa, to mean two or three or
a few / bmpe mwa neu libale,
give me two or three fish.
For the use of this number as
an ordinal, see ORDINAL in
English- Bobangi section.
-bale- -bale, couple.
Balibana [bali-bali], .--., to blink,
move (gills), quiver (eyes or
leaves), twinkle.
Balima, vs. = balibana.
ballmisa miso, to Mink the eyes.

Balio, 3, n.f!. = malio.

Balbla, vt., to open out (a bale),
push farther out (towards mid
dle of river), stretch open (a
closed aperture).
Balbmeta (Eng.), 3, n.pl., baro
meter.
Balulu, 3, n.pl. = bobubu.
Bamba, vin., to develop into a
clever person.
bambisa, vc. , to enable (profes
sionally), initiate, instruct (in
professional secrets).
Bamba, vin., to crack (sound).
bamba ka-ka, to crack (of tree
about to fall).
bambisa, vc. , to make anything
give a cracking sound.
Bamba, vt., to mend, patch,
remedy, repair.
Bambai, 3, n.pl., see ndbngb.
Bambana, vs., to clash, collide,
meet.
Bambata, v/. , to remake.
Bambatana, vs., to darken, be
dense (of darkness).
Bambbla, vt., to parry.
bambwa, vs., to glance off (of
spear), = tangwa.
Bambbla, vt., to ignite, kindle,
_light.
bambbla meya, to make a fire.
Bampele, I, n.pl., from bwele.
Bamu, ind., adjacent, beside, close
together, contiguous.
Banda, vt., to begin, commence,
set in, set up (business), start.
banda bobu.ni, to aggress.
bandlsa, vc., to inaugurate, in
stigate, originate.
Banda, vt., to affiance, bespeak,
betroth, espouse, pick, prefer.
Banda, vin. , to ache (of teeth), give
an electric shock, thrill, twinge.
bandela, vap., to receive an
electric shock.
bandlsa mind, to set teeth on
edge.
Banda, ind. , from banza.
Bandangana, vs., to be dirty, be
marred, be matted (of hair).

(87 )

Bandema, v..., from banza.

Bandbla, vt., to abjure, deny (re
lationship), detach, disown,
disunite, pull apart (anything
stuck together), separate (from
connection), unsolder.
Bandbla, vt., to confess (acquaint
ance or relation with a per
son), profess, repeat (an
action previously performed on
the same thing), tell.
Banga, vt., to abhor, loathe, shun.
Banga, vin., to go ahead, go on
previously, precede.
bangela, vap., to precede (a
person).
bangisa, vc., to send previously.
Bangangala, vs., to be gaping, be
open.
Bango,/n/. //. of classes I, 2, 3,
them, they.
Bangbla, vt., to lift up (roof to
admit of light or air), notch
(top of stick), open (mouth).
bangbla munya, to gape.
Bangome, /'ron. ref. pl. of classes
I, 2, 3, themselves.
Bangondo ncambo, ph. , Pleiades.
Banbla, vt., to poise (a spear), =
bangbla.
Banya for* banyia [banyema,
banya], vt. , to hang up, put
up, suspend.
Banza, for bandia [bandema,
banda], vt. , to be adjacent,
affix, apply (medicine), attach,
ensue, follow close upon, go
next to, put in contact or near,
stick.
banz'elamba, to line clothes.
banza mabaya, to board.
banza mabiliki, to lay bricks.
banza nzbto, to follow close on
or near.
[behind.
banz'b mbisa, to go after or
bandema, vs., to adhere, be
attached, coalesce, cohere, be
in contact, be faithful, keep
up, stick.
bandema ngbi, to be indelible,
inseparable.

BANDE-BATI

Banza, vt. , to blame, censure, dis

cuss (a crime, charge, or dis
pute), find fault with, lay
blame on, litigate, remon
strate with, reproach, scold.
banzisa, vc., to accuse, charge
(criminally), impeach, prose
cute.
Banzana, vs., to be close together
(of people), be one after the
other.
Basa, vt., to angle, catch (with
hook), coerce, embezzle, fish
(with hook), imprison on
tnimped up charge. pirate.
Basal/s na mbwa, ph., Orion's
belt and Sirius.
Base'bi babale (Castor and Pollux)
na ncendo, ph., the con
stellation of the Gemini.
Basbla, vt. to ferry across, take
across (a river).
baswa, vs. to cross (a river or
stream), go across, pass over.
Bata, vt. to ascend, climb, get up
(a tree), give raised tone (to a
vowel), go up, mount, pass up,
scale, soar.
bata na molango, to climb with
a sling.
bata nkcta, to climb without
sling, limbs only.
bata samba, to climb clinging
with body to tree.
batisa, vc., to elevate, heighten,
hoist, pull, push or put up,
raise.
batisa mpoma, to take breath.
Bata, vt., to bite, sting.
Batasaiia, vs. , to be dunning, be
pestering (of a person following
another demanding payment).
Batela, vt., to cherish, defend,
guard, keep, look after, mind,
protect, shepherd, take care of,
be vigilant.
batela tango, to keep from.
Bati (Eng.), 3 n.pl., bath.
Batia [batema, bata,] vt., to put
bird on a perch.
Batinya, vc., to dun, pester.

BATU-BEMBA

( SS )

Batubi, 3, n.pl. = nyei.

Baybketeli, 2, i/./'l , audience.
Be \when reduplicated, be-be |, ind. ,
accurate, enough, equal, exact,
infallible, precise, sufficient,
thorough.
Be, ind., abundant, excessive, ex
tensive, extreme, profuse ; after
sing. n. , much ; after pl. .,
many ; after adj. or v., very
much, a great deal.
Be-be, ind., bleating.
Be, ind. , after this manner, in such
a way, in this fashion, like
this, so, thus.
-be, adj., bad, base, disreputable,
enormous, evil, impure, in
auspicious, malignant, monster,
nasty, pernicious, profane, re
pugnant, repulsive, sad, un
wholesome, wicked, worthless.
Be, ind. = bo, with a thud.
Beba, vin., to be damaged, become
worthless, be injured, be spoilt.
beba lolenge, to be disfigured.
Bebbla, vt.,' to straighten up (a
falling or fallen house), stretch
or bend straight.
Bebolo, vt., to buy below current
price, make a good bargain,
sell above current price.
Beka, vt., to forecast, foretell, pre
dict, prognosticate, prophesy.
Beka, vt. , to growl at, to bark at.
Beka, vt., to borrow.
bekisa, vc., to advance a loan,
lend.
Beke, vt., to break (limb) by bend
ing back, snap (bones of limbs).
Beke, vt., to count, enumerate,
numerate.
Beke, vt., to bring, fetch, get, in
troduce.
Bekekala [bekeke], ;-.-.. to hold
oneself erect, be sprightly.
Bekia [bekama, beka], r/., to lay
or set (traps).
Bckbla, vt., to greet, hail.
Bckbla, vt., to snap (a joint of limb
or hinge, etc., by bending it
beyond its limit).

Bckbla, vt., to answer, defend in

court, give earnest money, lay
down part of borrowed money
to delay demand, put off (pay" ing debt) with a promise.
Bekolo, vt., to contradict, deny
angrily, raise objection, return
contrary answer.
bekolo bibekolobekblb, to
cavil.
bekolo mbeko, to take excep
tion.
Bekuma [beku-beku], vs., to |ump
backwards, start backwards.
Bela, vt. , to call to or for.
Bela, vin., to be cooked, be
healed.
Bela, vt., to border (a basket,
shield, etc.)
Bela mpala, vph., to run a race.
Bole, adv. , long ago, long since.
Bele, vt., to kill (insect) between
finger nails.
Bele boswa, ////. = kabwa lingai.
Bele, vin., to be aggravated, be
annoyed, be cross, be dis
pleased, be exasperated, be
indignant, be irritated, be
offended, be vexed.
bele masomo, to be jealous.
Bele, ///./. , from beleme.
Bele, 2, n.pl. = bampele.
Beleka, ind. = bele.
Belela, -'/ . = wela.
Belela, ind., miry, soft (of ground).
Beleme [lv. , belemlsa, ind. , bele,]
vs., to be about to (with purportiveform offollowing verb),
be adjacent, be almost, be
approximate, be or come or
draw near, be close, be before
long, get or go near, be immi
nent, impend, be recent.
Belengene [belenge], vs., to clang,
give ringing sound, peal, ring
violently.
Beletene [belete], vs., to be bony
(of buttocks), be crushed or
beaten in, be sunken.
Beniba, vin., to go a journey,
journey, travel, voyage.

(89)
Beniba, 3, n.pl., a kind of disease
in which part affected wastes
away.
Bembana [-<c., bembisa], vs., to
accord, agree together, be' har
monious, live in peace, be
reconciled, be in tune.
Bembe, vt., to drag or draw along,
pull away or open, trail.
bembele, vap., to draw aside,
draw towards, receive back, be
reconciled to, restore to favour.
bembisa, vc., to adopt (child),
bring back (a person stolen,
runaway or bought), foster, re
deem (but not out of pledge).
Bembisa, vc.,fro/n bembana.
Benda, vt., to absorb, attract,
drag, draw, haul, inhale, lug,
pull.

benda matangi, to sip.

benda miblo, to sniff.
benda mpinga, to take snuff.
benda mpoma nde, to breathe
softly, inspire.
benda ndl or ndu, to draw tight.
benda nzbto, to ascend by capil
lary attraction, ebb (of water),
move out of way, recede.
benda nzotd wo, to abate or
subside (of water), flinch.
Bendana, vs., to be under influ
ence, pulsate, throb.
bendinya, vc., to exhort, influ
ence, urge.
Bende, vin., to abate, cease, de
sist, quieten down, be still,
stop.
bendisa, vc., to pacify, subdue.
Bendendala [be'ndende], vs., to
be bound, be compelled, be
compulsory, be constrained, be
inevitable.
Benga, vt., to capitulate, make
(conditions), demand (the ar
ticles required in addition to
money price), insist on, stipu
late.
Benga, vt., to banish, dismiss,
send quite away.

benga bokila, to hunt.

BEMBA-BETE

(continued).
bengisa, vc., to beat off, chase,
dislodge, discharge, dismiss,
dispel, drive away, excom
municate, keep off, repel, re
pulse, send away.
bengela, i<ap., to follow after,
pursue.
Benge, vin., to be crisp, fried dry.
Bongo, vt., to fine or try or whet
(edge of knife).
Bengene, vs., to beat together,
clash, collide, jingle.
Bengetana [bengete], vs., to be
lumpy, be rugged, be uneven.
Bengia [bengeme, benge], - '/. , to
put a little on one side, set
ajar.
Bengbla, vt., to contract, covenant,
determine on (something) reso
lutely, guarantee, make treaty,
negotiate, pledge oneself to do,
plight, stipulate.
bengbla mbe'ngu, to make an
engagement.
bengbia bosbmbi, to engage for
hire.
Bengbla, vt., to heave up, lever,
tilt over.

Bengolo, vt. = benge.

Benbla, vt., to lever along with
paddle resting on canoe, lift on
to hip, scull.
Benze'ngana [benzenge], vs., to
be crooked, be gnarled, be mis
shapen, be warped, be zigzag.
Be'sa, vt., to advertise, announce,
proclaim (goods, loss, or laws).

Bese, vc. = belemisa.

Beseme, vs. = beleme.
-be'su \Jreqnently heard as -mbe'su
in qualifyingplur. nouns], adj.,
fresh (meat), green, raw, un
cooked, underdone, unripe.
Beta, vt., to challenge (in lobesl),
gamble, game, lay down stakes.

Beta, vt. = nyanya.

Bete, vt. , to beat, strike.
bete ba-ba, to smack, spank.
bete binge'nde, colq. , to splash
water in learning to swim.

BETE-BIE

(90 )

Bete (continued).
bet'ekoko, to beat time.
bet'esanzi, to play the marim
ba.
bet'eyengele, to ring a bell.
bete libubu or losako, to clap
hands.
bete lile or libete, colq., to eat.
bete moncila, to kick.
bete monkana, to print.
bete milenga, to play music on
instruments which are struck
in playing them.
bete mwete, to turn log in an
other direction ; colq., to pull
hard.
bete ncango, to tell the news.
bete ndako, to build.
bete ndondi, to snap fingers.
bete nkai, to paddle strongly.
bete nto or bilamba, to weave.
betele, vap., to knock, pat, rap,
tap.
Betetala [bste'te], vs., to separate
and fall to bottom of pot (of
solids in liquids).
Betetele [betete], vs. , to fall short
of mark, be not reaching, be
short.
betetele na nce, to be close to
ground.
Betinya, lIC., to put or arrange
alternately, take up in alternate
order.
betinya bituka, to itinerate from
town to town.
betinya ndako, to go from house
to house.
Betbla, vt., to reclaim, recover,
reform, refresh, renew, reno
vate, restore (to previous con
dition), retrieve, revive (a cus
tom).
betola bobbto, to be reconcile;!.
betola bomoi, to animate, re
animate.
betbl'esengo, to cheer.
betola mollmd, to energize, in
vigorate, re-animate.
betola mpia, to sharpen.
betola mposa, to encourage.

Betola (continued).
betola nguya, to animate, in
vigorate, re-animate, refresh.
betola nkinki, to restore to
health.
Betbla, -'/. - nyanya,
Beyeyele, vs., to protrude (of
hips).
Bi, adj. , particle, pl. class 4. See
Grammar 33, 34.
Bi, ii/d., avoiding, slip out of sight.
kete bi, to avoid by going an
other way.
leka bi, to slip out of sight.
Bi, ind., severed at one stroke,
struck heavily (withstoutstick).
Bi-bi, ind., chopped up into many
pieces.
Bia-bia, ind., struck lightly (with
small stick).
Biabu, ind., hopelessly sunk, swal
lowed up.
Biambili, ind., slender.
Bianga, vt., to bid (to feast), call,
call over, challenge, claim,
dare, hail, invite, invocate, in
voke, send for, solicit (a
female), summon.
Manga ke-ke, to call loudly.
bianga na loboko, to beckon.
Biangubana [biangu-biangu],
vs., to assent anyhow as words
may come, give plausible an
swer, pander, truckle.
Biba, vt., to cut down (bunch of
plantains), sever (a plantain).
Bibanzela, 4, n.pl., plaster.
Bibiabesu, ind., green (of wood).
Bibbla, vt., to expand, increase
the size, magnify.
Bibube'la, 4, n.pl., mildew.
Bie, ind , crack (sound).
bunya bie, to break with a crack.
Biebie. ind., watery (of eyes).
Bieli, n.pl. [from eyeli,], irons,
weapons, arms.
Bienda, n.pl. [from eyenda], mam
mon, property, riches, wealth.
Blenze, bienzenzele, n.pl., terms
in fables to denote armed
people.

BlKA-BiLO

Bika, vin. , to abide, continue, de

lay, be durable, endure, be in
cessant, be inveterate, keep
alive, keep on, last, linger, be
long, be old, be permanent,
persist, remain, tarry, perse
vere.
bika nengu-nengu, to be un
quenchable.
IVhen bika is used negatively
with the pnrportive form of a
verb denoting momentary action
as in nanga nde d bika nokita
ka, aliki nde d bika nowa
ka, a slight difficulty in under
standing the force of bika meets
the European ; these sentences
literally translated are / I do
not delay to fall, he did not
delay to die, and are best re
presented in English by positive
sentences / I soon fall, he soon
died. Thus in such cases bika
signifies that the action of the
pnrportive verb tahesplace with
out delay. But when bika is
used negatively "with the purportive form of a verb express
ing continued action, as in
nakbzala nde d bika nomolinga ka, aliki nde d bika
notambol'bngo ka, the idea
of continuity .-uill be imparted
by the verb bika, and thess
sentences may be rendered/ I
will not continue to love him,
he did not continue to walk
there.
bikisa, vc., to accent (syllable),
detain, keep doing, maintain,
perpetuate, preserve, prolong,
sustain.

Bikaka, 4, n.pl. bipali.

Bikasa, 4, n.pl., attempts to do
impossibilities.

Bikasanga, 4, //.//. likasanga.

Bikitana [bikiti], vs., to be im
pervious, be thick.
Bikobongo, ind., bareboned.
Bikwbkbso, /./., bareboned.

Bila {contraction of bilbla], vt., to

appoint (to office), depose, de
pute, draw (knife, eic.), draw
on (one's allowance), extract,
ordain, pick up, pluck out,
pull out or up, take out, tear
out, unscrew, unsheath.
bil'oyanzi, to extract a jigger.
bila liso, to pluck or put out an
eye.
bila makolo, to walk sharply.
bila makolo tu-tu, to walk in
manly fashion.
bila ntbko, to lead a charge (as
a standard bearer).
bilanzbto, to abdicate, withdraw
oneself (from partnership).
bilwa, vs., to fall (of tears or
stars).
bilwisa mosblo, to advance
wages.
Bila, vin., to be as deep as re
quired.
billsa, vc., to deepen to requisite
depth.
Bila, vt. , to aim at, appeal (to
another authority), follow after
so as to reach or get, go after,
go in search of, pursue, run
after, trace, work out (plans).
bila mbondo, to retrace.
bila moboso, to go forward.
bila nokela, to set oneself to do.
bila swe, to make for (in anger).
Bilalai, 4, n.pl., delirious cries,
talk while asleep.
boboto bilalai, absurd or change
able friendship.
Bilana, vs., to go in Indian file.
Bilele, 4, n.pl., absurd, uncouth or
unprepared food.
Bilelo, 4, n.pl., crying, lamenta
tion, wailing.
Bilili, 4, n.pl., bodily filth.
Bilima, vs., to quiver, shake,
shiver, tremble.
[banks.
Bilmgi, 4, n.pl., grass on sandBiloba, 4, n.pl., noise (of voices).
Bilobaloba, 4, n.pl., idle, mean
ingless,
ridiculous,
stupid
speech.

BILO-BIU
Bilokisa, 4, n.pl., rust.
Bilungu, 4, n.pl., irradiated heat.
Bilwa, vs. , from bila.
Bilwa, vs., to be unpleasant to the
taste.
Bilukisa, 4, //.//. = bilokisa.
Bima, vin. = pima.
Bimai, 4, n.pl., secret murder,
assassination.
Bimbabimba, vs., to shake one
self violently.
Bimbinya, vc., to shake a thing
violently (as a dog a rat).
Bimbita, vt. , to clasp person round
body.
Bimbo, 4, n.pl., tartar on teeth.
Bimbbla, vt., to drive (a ball with
bat), fling away, hurl away,
kick away, knock away, throw
off, toss.
bimbbla mancankale, to knock
over backwards.
Bina, to dance.
Bindingana [bindi-bindi], vs., to
be dirtied, be marred, be
soiled.
Bingo, pron., 4, them, they.

Bingbla, vt., to contemn, scoff,

scorn, set at nought, slight,
spurn.
Bingome, ref.pron. , 4, yourselves.
Binb, pron. , ye, you.
Binome, rcf.pron. , yourselves.
Binzbla, vt. , to twinge.
Bib, ind., entirely, exactly, only,
solely.
When used after
numeral adjectives, it is used
only with the digits or when
these form part of other num
bers / it is not used with the
decimal numbers.
Bio-bio, ind., feasting.
Bio-bio, ii/tj., "to arms;" a call
to fight, also to help, given to
neighbours who are scattered
about.
Bioke, 4, n.pl., dead silence ; colq.
midnight.
Bibko, vin., to be glad, be happy,
make merry, rejoice.

Bibko (continued).
biokisa, vc., to amuse, cheer,
entertain, indulge, please,
treat.
Biokblb, ind., standing erect.
Biokbsb, ind., lifeless, limp.
Bidmbolo, ind., long (of a kind
of .native bread), pendulous
(breasts).
Bibmbbmbb, ind., lung.
Biondo, 4, n.pl. masotu.
Bibngana, vs. = nyengana.
Biongolo, ind., swallowing.
Bipali, 4, n.pl., bombast, brag,
bravado, empty boasts, foolhardiness, shamming, showing
off, swaggering.
Bipete, 4, n.pl., spottedness with
dirt.
Bisa, adv., again, anew, beside,
encore, more, moreover.
bisa banda, besides, in addition.
bisa te or bisa ka, no longer.
mpe bisa, moreover.
Bisekia, 4, n.pl. , ability for gather
ing up knowledge.
Bisb, pron., us, we.
Bisbbe, 4, n.pl., grass, hay, litter
(bed), straw.
Bisbmi, rcf.pron., ourselves.
Bisbnbngb, /,/., bony.
Bitatala, vs., to become congealed,
become frigid, freeze, set, solid
ify.
Bititala [bititl], vs., to conceal.
Bititala [bititl], vs., to be short.
bitisa bititalu ,./' bititi, to
shorten.
Bitbla, vt., to bisect, cut asunder
in two, halve, sever.
bitbl'b ntina, to cut close to the
roots.
Bitume (Fr. ), 4, n.pl., bitumen.
Biu, ind. = wo, snatching.
Biu, ind., calm, hush, passive,
peaceful, quiet, mute, silent,
still, tranquil.
zala biu, keep silence.
Biu-biu, ind., intensely cold.
Biukulu, ind., apparently dead,
insensible.

( 93 )
Biukulu, ind., very high.
Biula, 4, n.pl. [from eyula], cas
sava roots.
biula bibkbkbla, mature cassava
roots.
biula bi minyeke, immature
cassava roots.
biula bi masangu, cassava roots
about the size of the fingers.
Biululu, 4, i/.pl., dry grass, hay,
shavings, straw.
Biwali, 4, n.pl. = llwali.

Biyeli, 4, n.pl. bieli.

Bizekezeke, 4, n.pl., levity.
Bo, vt., abbrevintion o/bono.

Bo, ind. , see yesene b bokanisi bo.

Bo, ind., with a loud thud.
Bb, ind. = bu, heavy (of sleep).
Bo, adj. particle, sing., class 7. See
Grammar, 33, 34.
Bo, ind., smashed (with bola). let
out (with bola. of a secret),
sold out (with teke).
Boba, vin. , to be fusty, be mildewed,
be mouldy.
Bobaki, n. , devotion, attentiveness, faithfulness.
Bobala, n., kind of tree.
Bobampele, ., courage, malekind, mankind, manliness.
Bbbangana, vs., to babble, gabble,
speak incoherently, twaddle.
Bobangi,//., name of district situate
at the junction of the Mobangi
river with the Congo, and
reaching at some time or other
as far as or beyond Bangala, or
New Antwerp, from which the
tribe now known by this name
came.
Bobanzana, ., a mutual going to
law.

Bobasola, //. , see lisongo.

Bobato, ., human nature, hu
manity.
bisb bobato, we human beings.
Bobe, ., badness, evil, mischief,
wickedness. See also -be.
na bobe, ill, badly.
senga bobe, to be innocent.
Bobe-be, ., infallibility.

Biu-Bono

Bobele, ., at once, directly, first,

immediateness, instant, present
time, previousness to time men
tioned.
bobele angani, with past tense
verbs, then, forthwith, imme
diately, straightway.
bobele sik'awa, with present
tense verbs, immediately, now,
directly, without the least de
lay.
bobele-bobele, finality, no re
turning, once for all.
Bobelu, n., kola-nut tree.
Bobendi, n., capillary attraction.
Bobene, ., cowardice, effeminacj',
matters peculiar to women,
womanishness, womankind.
Bobetbli, n.. reformation.
Bbbia [bbbama, boba], vt., to in
vert from regular position, turn
over face downwards.
Bobiba, ., insipidity, saltlessness.
Bobibi, ., drawing up of mouth
and jaws in eating unripe fruits,
particularly plantain.
Bobice, ., fabulousness.
Bobiokisi, ., amusement.
Bobita, ., battle, fight, war.
Bo-bo, ind., thoroughly wet.

Boboi, n. = boi.
Bobbkblb, n., village built to end
in a narrow passage.
Bobblu, n., cowardice, faint-heartedness, timidity, shamefacedness.
senga bobbiu, to be fearless.
Bobblu, ., kind of fruit tree.
Bobondi, i/., comfort, reconcilia
tion.

Bbbbngana, vs. -- bbbangana.

Bobononi, n., aspect.
Bobbto, n., amicability, benefi
cence, benevolence, benignity,
brotherliness, charity, clem
ency, friendship, good nature,
goodwill, kindness, kinship,
leniency, philanthropy.
bobbto be, magnanimousness.
bobbto bilalai, absurd, change
able or fickle friendship.

BOBO-BOKO

( 94)

Bobbto (continued}.

boputani bo bobbto, brother

hood.
kela bobbto, to be beneficent.
Bbbu, ind. = biabu.
Bobubu, n., dumbness, clownishness, muteness.
Bobungulunkutu, .'.-.. absence of
upper or lower incisor teeth.
munya rnonco bobungulunkutu, mouth totally devoid of
teeth.
[strangeness.
Bobutu, . , alienship, foreignness,
Bob lit n, i/., gums.
Bobwale, //., nudity, possession of
but little clothing.
Bobwele, ., animal nature.
Bobwele, n., particular peculiarity
of an individual male.
Bocb, n., a being face to face, cor
rectness, similarity.
Bodisi (Eng.) [pi., modisl], n.,
bodice.
Bcengunza, . , green colour.
Bceyengo, n., white colour.
Boi [pl., baboi, I], 7, ., relative
by marriage.
bol bo bwele, father-in-law.
boi bb mwene, mother-in-law.
Boi, ind., smooth, see wa.
Boi (Eng.), I, ., white person's
attendant.
Boi, . , honey made by nzoi.
boi bb monkokb, treacle.
boi bb mbolo, fruit jam.
Boimbb, ., aroma, fragance, in
cense, perfume, sweet smell.
Bbka, vt., to caress, catch, clasp,
clutch, embrace, hug, seize.
Bbka, vt., to earth up, fill up
(ditch, hole, valley), make
raised foundation, plaster, ter
race.
bbka lobbko, to embank.
Bbka, ind. , abundant, many, much,
plentiful.
Boka, vt., to avert, avoid, dig up a
root, move out of harm's way,
shield off, ward ofF.
Bokabbka, vs., to dodge about.
Bokakd, n. =^ monkanza.

Bokakala, vs., to bend down over

the stomach (as infant in trjiug.
to sit up), crouch.
Bokakani, ., farewell, a leavetaking.
Bokaleli, //., atonement.
Bokali, . , atonement.
Bokamba, ., kind of kingfisher.
Bokambo, n., wicker-work round
bottle.
Bokambli, ., insolence.
Bokamu, ., kind of fruit tree.
Bokanda, ., flight, flock, herd,
swarm.
Bokando, ., bridge, ladder,
stairs, steps.
Bokanisi, ., thinking, a thought.
Boka.su, ., kind of creeper.
Bokata, ., affliction with nu
merous sores.
Bbke, [//. mbke], n., sandbank.
Boke, ., smallness, small girth.
boke-boke, carefully, gently,
gradually.
Bokelete, n. , kind of fruit tree.
Bokete, ., kind of fish.
Boketibwi ngenga, iipl/., circum
cision.
Bokila, ., hunting, sport.
benga or kbba bokila, to
hunt.
Bokingi, n. niclcname for mbeka,
a kind of monkey.
Bbkisa mai b zelu, vp//., to gargle
water in the throat.
Bbko, vt., to disturb water (as dy
ing hippopotamus).
Bokbbele, //.. kind of small tree.
Bokbbo, ., colour, dye, ink, paint,
pigment.
bokbbo bb engunza, green
colour.
bokbbo bb eyengb, white colour.
bokbbo bb mbndb, red colour.
bokbbo bb ndbbo, yellow
colour.
bokbbo bb nkoka. purple
colour.
bokbbo boyindo, black colour.
bokbbo bb zinga, blue colour.
bokbbo bb mandambiti, paint.

( 95 )
Bokoko, ., old cock.
Bokbkotb, ., old age.
Bokbla, vt. , to dig down (elevated
ground), dig (trenches, pits,
etc.), excavate.
bokola nzel'b ne'e longa, to
excavate a subterranean pas
sage.
Bbkbla, vt. , to grub up, tear up
by roots.
Bokblokd, ., kind of fruit tree.
Bokomba, //., barrenness, unfruitfulness.
Bokongi, ii., government, policy.
Bokbngb, ., division of a secret
order, see nganga.
Bokbno, ., ailment, disease, ill
ness, malady, sickness.
bokono bo yambetela, con
tagious disease.
Bokonza, ., fruitfulness (of per
sons or animals).
Bokonzi, </., chieftainship, do
minion, empire, kingdom,
kingship, monarchy, realm,
sovereignty.
Bokbsbli, n. , salvation, saving.
Bokosono, vs., to growl, grumble,
murmur, mutter.
Bokoswi, n., salvation, a being
safe.
Bokbswibwi, ., salvation, a being
saved.
Bokbta, vt., to crunch, scranch.
Bokbti, ., difficulty, durability,
firmness, hardness, rigour,
strength.
Bokbto, ., base, basis, bottom,
buttock, posterior, source, tip
of palm nut.
Bokotono [bokbtb], vs., to be
lumpy.
Bokou, ., ailment, feebleness,
softness, weakness.
Boku, ind., exactly. This word is
only used with exact decimal
numbers, and not with digits,
or when the decimal numbers
are compounded with digits.
Bokuba, ., forging, blacksmithing.
Bokumbe, ., bag, pocket, sling.

BOKO-BOLA

Bbkumwa, vs., to receive an un

expected check.
Bokundi, ., burial.
boyembi bo bokundi, burial
service.
Bokutu, n., large gums of hippototamus, etc.
Bokutukulungu, //., bluntness,
disobedience.
Bokwakobe, ., kind of small
round fishing net.
Bokwango, ., kind of whitebreasted fish-eagle; colq.,
funeral shriek.
Bokwetekele, ., a fishing with
torches.
Bbla, vt. , to beat, smite (but not
with cutting instrument).
bbla ba or ka . ' ya, to smack.
bnla bilamb'b mouolo, to turn
into money.
bbl'ebonza, to butt.
bbl'epakata or eyambb, to
slap.
bbla kab, to knock heavily.
bbla bo, to batter.
bbla libbtb, to cuff, strike with
the fist.
bbla masengela = sengela.

bbla nzbto, to surge.

Bola [bo]. vt., to break or crack
(kernel), crack between fingers,
kill (as flea between finger
nails), smash.
bola bo, to let out secret.
bola li nkuku, to let out a
secret.
bola lina, to reveal person's
name.
bola makei, to hatch eggs.
bola mambi, to speak with re
serve, tell jokes.
bola monkbma, to fire a vol
ley.
bola miwblo, to lose money (in
gambling).
bola nzbto, to apologize, confess
(one's actions), own.
bola zambi, to divine, divulge
(a secret).

BOLA-BOLO

Bola (continued).
bolela moto mambi, to tell a
person to his face what he has
been doing.
Bolamu, n. , goodness, excellence ;
see also -1nmu.
ebali bolamu, grandeur.
Bblangana, rs. bblbngana.
Bolangwa, ., intoxication.
Bblatana, vs. = bblbtana.
Bolekwa, . , kind of tree.
Bole-le. 1/. , fruitfulness (of trees).
Bolelenge for bobilenge, n.,
youthfulness.
bolelenge onco, all the youths.
Solemn, ., foolery, foolishness,
idiocy.
Boleme, n., crippledness.
Bolenge, n., traitorship.
Bolenge, ., adolescence, boyish
ness, girlislmess, youthhood.
Bolengi, n., sweetness.
Bolengi, ., ardour, avidity, eager
ness, zeal.
Bolengi, ., deception, forestalling,
impropriating.
[tion.
Bolengbli, ., tempting, temptaBolenfiwa, ., foolishness, inad
vertence, ignorance.
Bolengwibwi, ., temptation, a
being tempted.
Boletu, ., gravity, heaviness, ponderousness, pressure, strain,
weight.
When a person is standing be
hind another who is sitting
down, the sitter will sometimes
feel a sort of oppressive feeling,
and although the other is not
touching him, he will complain
of boletu 6 mbisa.
Boli, n. , diet, food, provisions,
refreshment, victuals.
boli bo bosongele, carefully pre
pared food.
Bbli-bbli, ind., protruding (eyes).
Bolle, n., sweetness.
Bolikolo, ., celestialness, heavenliness.
Boli-li, ii., immeasurableness, in
finity, vastness.

Bollma, n. = bonketa.
Bolima, ;/. = mombale.
Bolimo, ., intellectuality, spiritu
ality.
Belinda, n., kind of tree.
Bolindo, n., depth.
Bolingo, //., affection, compla
cency, desire, liking, love.
d bolingo, the loving one.
d ngai d bolingo, my beloved or
dear one.
Bolito, n. = boletu.
Bblo, mn., to decompose, go bad,
be moist, putrify, rot, be wet.
toolo bo-bo, to be sodden.
bolisa bo-bo, to drench, soak.
Boloba, ., kind of tree, leaves of
which are used to wrap up
bingbele.
Bolobasani, n., consultation.
Bolo-bblo, ind., chuckling (with
zeke).
Bolbkd, ., long narrow fishingtrap.
Boloko-boloko, ind., coarse (of
powder).
Bolbkblbko, //., rape.
kata bolbkblbko, to commit
rape.
Bolblo, n., bitterness.
Bblblb, ///,/., see linda.
Bolomba, ., avoidance of trouble.
Bolombe, n., arbitration, fee for
arbitration.
Bolombisa, part., quietly, softly,
see loba and ke.
Bolondb, ., kind of creeper, leaves
of which are used as medicine
for cough.
Bolonga, n kind of marriage settle
ment, in which the woman's
relatives bear all further respon
sibility, while the husband is
free of it ; also the woman
married in this way.
Bblbngana [bblongo], vs., to be
changeable, be circuitous, be
deflected, be equivocal, be dis
honest, be fickle, come or go
round about, be variable, speak
euphemistically.

(97 )
Bblbngana (continued).
bblinginya, vc., to prevaricate,
etc.,
Bolongimisa, part., hunting skill
(in stalking).
Bblbnginya, /-.:. bblinginya.
Bolbngo, . , kind of black monkey.

Boloragbbani bo mibeko, ///., le

gality.
Bolongbnkblo, ., kind of very
bitter cassava.
Belong on o, vs., to pass and repass
in a race.
Bolongwi, n. , absence.
Bblbtana, vs., to be battered in, be
bruised, be crushed in, be
Bbln, 3, ., lead.
[dented.
Boliiba, ., drag or seine net.
Bblu-bblu, iiid. , bad or indifferent
(of health).
Bbma, vin, , to be excessively low
(of low water).
Boma [bbmu], vt., to abrogate,
despatch, destroy, kill, murder,
mortify, nullify, put to death,
rescind, retract, revoke, sacri
fice, slaughter, slay, wear out.
boma libala, to divorce.
boma moboma, to sacrifice.
boma mosikiso, to countermand.
boma ncolo, to deodorize.
boma nzbto, to commit suicide.
Eomai, ., broth, liquor, liquidity,
clear soup.
Bomaluba, ., fishing season.
Bomano, a,, battle, fight, war.
Bbmba, vt. , to conceal, harbour,
hide, hoard, keep, lay aside,
lay by, lay up, reserve, save,
secrete, set by, store, stow.
bbmba kwb, to hide safely, m/s
lay, misplace.
[secret.
bbmba ll nkuku, to keep a
bbmba munya, to be silent.
bbmba zambi, to keep a secret.

Bombaka, n. = moninga.
Bombala, ., artificialness, fallacy,
fictitiousness, hiddenness, illu
sion, hypocrisy, insidiousness,
make believe, secrecy, spuriousness.

BOLO-BOMPO

Bombala (continued).
kanga bombala, to join together
in deceiving.
Bbmbana, vs., to be inexplicable,
be uncertain, be unsuspected.
Bombanda, ., kind of disease,
leprosy.
Bbmbia [bbmbama, bomba], /'/.,
to put close together.
Bbmbb [//. mombo], n. , kind of
fruit tree.
Bombbka, n., chief residence,
headquarters, principal home.
Bbmbbla, vt. , to disclose, expose,
open out, unhide.

Bombolo, n. -= eyoka.
Bombblblo, ind., afloat yet, still
afloat, many (of people in
canoe).
Bombwa, n., canineness.
Bomela, vt., to blot out, make
suitable end to worked article.
bomel'elamba, to hem.
bomela ndlmba, to fasten off
sewing.
Bomibembo, ., travelling sea
son.
Bominya, . , liquor amnil.

Bo'moi {pl. mbmoi, some give

bomoi', pl., mamoi], life.
Bombndb, ., red colour.
bombndb bb nkbka, crimson
colour.
Bomoto, n., individuality, person
ality, soul.
Bompala, ., enjoyment, luxury,
pleasure.
na bompala, charming.
Bompenza, ., loneliness, a being
left alone, orphanhood, secludedness, solitariness.
Bompb', ., ingenious construction,
symmetry.
Bompoli, ., freeness, liberality,
unstintedness.
Bompolb, ii. , docility, gentleness,
meekness.
Bompbmba, n. , headship, elderness, high rank.
Bompou, ., babyishness, childish
ness.
H

BOMPU-BONGA

Bompunda, . , filthiness, foulness,

improper exposure, indecency,
vileness.
mambi ma bompunda, filthy
language.
Bomti, ind.,_from boma.
Bomu-bomu, //'./.. bulky.
Bomuku, ii., toothless place in set
of teeth.
Bomunga, n. , kind of fruit tree.
Bomutu, ., intellectuality.
Bomwa. vs., to meet unexpectedly,
to encounter.
Bomwana, //., filial relationship.
Bomwene, n., feminality, woman's
individual peculiarity.
Bonango, n., bridge, ladder, steps,
stairs.
Boncakata, ., large hat of
feathers.
Bonce, ., earthliness.
Boncinga, ., fainting fit, swoon.
wa boncinga, to faint, swoon.
Boncombele, ., kind of fruit tree.
Boncomi, . , freedom from slavery,
liberty.
Bbnda, vt. , to wait for, await.
Bonda, vt., to beat into a shapable
mass, to shape (iron, wood,
etc.).
Bonda, vt. , to brood over, deliber
ate, lay to heart, ponder, muse,
reflect.
bonda mambi, to cogitate, plan.
Bondai-ndai, i/., elasticity.
Bondeko, ., blood-brotherhood,
special friendship, sweethearting.
koma bondeko, to make bloodbrotherhood, become engaged.
boma bondeko na, to jilt.
Bbndela, vt., to apply for, ask for,
beg for, implore, pray for, re
quest, solicit.
bonde'la na, to invocate.
bbndela na Nyambe, to pray
with God.
bbndelela, /., to intercede
for, pray on someone's account.
Bonde'la, vap., to welcome stranger
with a gift of food.

;
'

I
I

Bondelc, vt. = pekele.

Bondelele, vap., to intercede for.
Bbndemela, vap. = bonda.
Bondemele, vat. = bondele.
Bondenga, . bachelorship, celi
bacy, maidenhood, spinstership, residence of a man.
mwan'o bondenga, illegitimate
child.
Bondenge, ., kind of tree and
fruit, also soursop.
Bondiki, ., kind of fishing trap.
Bondo. vt., to appease, ask a per
son to do something, comfort,
conciliate, indemnify, mediate,
pacify,
propitiate, solace,
soothe.
Bomiobo, n., yellow colour.
Bondoki, n., breech-loading gun,
musket, rifle.
bondbki bbke-bbke, pistol.
Bondolinga, ., kind of india-rub
ber creeper.
Bondblo, ., diligence, earnestness
in work, industry.
Bonddlunga, . = bonddlinga.
Bondongo, . , kind of india-rubber
creeper.
Bondongo, . , pepper bush.
Bondu, ind., emaciated, meagre,
spare, thin.
Bondumbu, . , armour-bearer,
lackey, page, personal attend
ant. Some youths are usually
presented to ' a chief at his
coronation, and these attend
to his fetishes, carry his per
sonal goods, and dance with
him.
Bondunu, //. -- lbma.
Bone, . , bulk, girth, greatness,
magnitude, volume.
Bonga, vin., to be dry (not green).
Bonga, vt., to arrange firewood for
fire.
bonga meya, to make a fire.
Bongala, ., uncontrollableness,
unmanageableness, untamableness, wildness.
ebwel'e bongala, wild beast,
brute.

(99 )
Bonganda, n. , the people living in
a fishing camp.
Bonganga, //.. amulet, charm,
fetish ; doctor's skill.
Bonganzi, ., despotism, severity.
Bbngatana, vs. , to be precipitous,
be steep.
Bongeke, n., wearing of long
cloth through legs.
Bbngele, /</., rolling of a canoe
from side to side.
Bongili, ., adherents, followers,
retainers, retinue, slaves, suite,
girdle, plaited hide belt.
bongili bo bamani, army of
soldiers.
Bongo, vt., to beguile, coax, en
snare, lull, pacify, quieten,
seduce, soothe, = lombo.
bongisa mwaiia, to lull a child
to sleep.
Bongo [pl. mongo. but seldom
used), n., fear, terror.
Bongo, /'ron., I, it ; used for ind.,
in such a way, indeed ! so,
thus, well then.
bongo na bongo, thus and thus.
ncande bongo, however.
se bongo, accordingly, amen,
casual, fortuitous, in exactly
such a manner, just so.
Bengo, ., see mosei.
Bongoi, ., equality in rank.
sangb e bongoi, paternal uncle.
mobali d bongoi, husband's
brother.
mwasi d bongoi, wife's sister.
molimi d bongoi, younger cou
sin of same sex.
moyebi d bongoi, elder cou
sin of same sex.
[posite sex.
nkan'e bongoi, cousin of opBbngbla, v/. = zengbla.
Bongbla, i't., to jag, serrate.
bongwa, vs. , to have a rough
edge, =. ngbndwa.
Bbngbme, ref. pron. , 7, itself.
Bongondo, ., concupisence, inor
dinate desire for opposite sex,
lasciviousness, lust, venereous
craving.

BONGA-BONO

Bongondongo, //.. dwarf.

Bbngbngala [bbngbngb], vs., to
be wide open (of things which
ought to be shut).
Bbngongo [/'.'. mongongo], .,
brain, marrow.
Bbngbnzoi [pi, mbngbnzbi], //.,
swarm of bees.
Bongosono, vs., to be deepset (of
eyes), sunken.
Bongota, n., disinclination to asso
ciate, incorriyibleness, refusal
to hold sexual intercourse.
Bongunga, . , hairy chest.
Bongunzulu, ;/. , kind of fish.
Bongwende, ., embassy.
Bbni ? adv., why ? for what reason ?
Bbni-bbni? adv., how? in what
way?
Boninga, n., friendship, intimacy,
neighbourliness ; in pl. sym
pathy.
Bonkangu, //. , iron or wood which
splits on being hammered.
Bonkelete, n., kind of fruit tree.
Bonkembi, //.. adornment, a fol
lowing of high fashion, orna
mentation.
Bonketa, . , a bearing of twins.
mwan'o bonkota, a twin. The
elder is nkumu, 5.
The
younger is mpeya, 5.
Bonkisa, n., favouritism.
Bonkbka, n. , purple colour.
Bonkole, . nkole.
Bonkombo, . - bonkondi.
Bonkondi, n., closet, place of sani
tary convenience, W.C.
Bonkutu, n., sleeping outside while
dancing the night dances, sleep
without fire.
Bonkwankbmbi, ., kind of tree
infested by ants called minkwakbmbi.
Bono, vt., to notice, observe, re
mark, see, understand.
bono limalima, to be dim (of
eyesight).
bono yetete, to see clearly.
bonisa, vc., to allow one to see,
give sight to, reflect, shew.

BONO-BOSA

( ioo )

Bonbla, vt., to jag, notch, serrate. Bonzongono [bonzongo], vX., to

be gnarled, be twisted.
bonbla lino, to extract tooth.
Bonzbto, n., corporeality.
bonwa, vs. , to have rough edge.
Bcoma ipl. maomaj, ., kind of
Bononi, ., desiring, liking.
black clay which burns white.
bonoiil bo bokwi, covetousness.
Bopaki, //., devotion.
bononi bo miso, gratification.
Bonono, vs., to be in view, be Bopako, ., ignobleness, wretched
manifest, seem, be seen, be
ness.
Bopambu, //. , kind of fruit tree.
visible.
Bopeka,
., prostitution.
boninya, vc., to allow to be seen,
Bopeke, ., a kind of tree.
bring into view, display, ex
Eopetoli, ., a cleansing, a purify
hibit, reflect, set forth, shew.
Bontamba, //., bondage, servility.
ing.
Bopetwi, ., cleanness, chastity,
Bontei, n., infancy.
holiness, purity.
Bontbma, //.. mission.
Bopetwibwi, i/. , purity restored, a
Bonueti, n. , frugality.
Bonunu, ., decrepitude, infirmity.
being cleansed.
Bonuyi, i/. , ill-humour, ill-temper, Bopika, //., moisture in tobacco
pipe, nicotine.
ill-nature.
Bopika, ., bondwoman, concu
Bonyambe. ., deity, divinity.
bine, female slave.
Bonyangb, //., maternity.
Bopili, ., kind of tree used in the
Bonyili, . , cramp, paralysis.
preparation of an aperient.
Bonyito, n. , elasticity, leatheriness,
Bopole, ., openness (of place).
postponement, toughness.
Bonzanga, //., boldness, bravery, Bopbto-libela, . , interest on loan.
courage, fierceness, intrepidity, Bopbto-munya, ., hushing up.
nerve, pluck, temerity, valour, Bopuli, ., abundance, excess,
fullness, more than required,
warlikeness.
Bonzela, vap. = bondela.
plenty.
Bonzinze, ,/., kind of tree which Boputani bo bobbto, ///'//., brother
snaps easily and has edible
hood.
Boputano, n., union.
leaves.
Bonzesl, //., starvation of an un- Bosa, vt., and vi//., to blind (eyes
by smoke), crack, smash,
weaned child, said to be due to
squash.
the mother cohabiting with a !
man to the destruction of the Bosabinyi, ., forgiveness granted
(to persons).
milk required by the infant.
Bonzo, vin., to be abject, become Bosabbli, ., forgiveness (of debts,
reduced, be emaciated, be
sins, etc.), abandonment, for
haggard, be ill-conditioned,
saking, relinquishment, resig
nation.
pine, be starved.
Bonzo, ., kind of game, board Bosabwibwi bb ncoki, ///., for
giveness (what is possessed by
with many holes or pits adzed
those forgiven).
in it used in playing the game ;
Bosakb, ., activity, alacrity,
type case.
Bonzo-bonzo, ind., see llsongo.
briskness, energy, mettle.
Bonzbli, n. , mischief, prankishness, Bosakbli bosom, nph., dictation.
Bosala, n. = masala, workday.
roguishness.
Bonzbmbe, . , kind of creeper, Bosali, ., employment, labour,
sen-ice, working.
juice from which is used as
bosali bb pele-pele, eye service.
. medicine in yaws.

( 101 )

Bosali, ., activity, alacrity, brisk

ness, lightness (in weight).
lobokb bosali, thieving.
Bosamba, n., kind of marriage
settlement in which money is
paid over to wife's people
through a middle man, who is
held responsible by the hus
band and the friends of the
wife alike for further develop
ments ; if the wife leaves the
husband, the husband demands
his money back ; if the wife
fall sick or die, her friends dedemand the payment of a
penalty.
Bosana, ;-.<., to dwindle (in size),
be constricted, be reduced.
Bosanda, . , length.
Bosangana, vs., to be broken or
smashed into small pieces.
Bosango, ., paternity, fatherhood.
Bosango, n. , division of a secret
order, see nganga.
Bosangbli, ., devotion, worship.
Bosano, ii., game, levity, play,
playfulness, plaything, prank.
bosano bo botbpe, the game of
cricket.
Bosato, . , small portion.
Bosatana, //., devilry.
Bosau, n. , kind of tree bearing
neau (nsafu).
Bosekand, ., adultery, polyandry.
Bosele, n., crawling of cripple.
Boseli, ., approaching death.
Boselii, . , pitch (of roof).
Bosende, n. , idleness, not work
ing.
Bosenga, //. , destitution, indigence,
lack, need, privation, want.
Bosenza, i/., kind of india-rubber
creeper.
Bosenza, /-., stuntedness.
Boseso, n., fun, laughableness,
ludicrousness, nonsense.
Bososu, ., frivolousness, worthlessness.
Bosiko, ., planted ground.
Bosilo, ., butterfly-net, kind of
fishing net.

BOSA-BOTA

Boso, vt., to take up (with cloth or

leaf).
boso twi, to take, clutch, or
snatch up all.
Boso [pl. nioso !, ., ahead, first,
front, heretofore, previousness,
priority ; the modest expression
for penis.
bosb-bosb, forefront.
Bosoki, ., disparagement, non
conformity, sinfulness, sinning.
Bosokii nzbto, /////.. submission.
Bosoko, ., kind of fruit tree.
Bosoli, . , election.
Bosolo, ., cash down, reality,
truthfulness.
Bosbmba, ., kind of intestinal
disease, external piles.
Bosongele, n., best quality food.
Bosongo, . = mosongo.
Bosoni, . , handwriting.
bosoni bosakbli, writing from
dictation.
Bosoni, ., respect, reverence,
honour.
bosoni Nyambe,
reverence
shown to God, godly fear.
Bososoli bb molbko, /.'/-/., con
science.
Bosuki, n., two-barbed spear.
Bosuku, ., climax, conclusion,
end, full stop (punctuation),
limit, terminus, upshot (of
matter) ; col]., propriety.
bosuku bo solo, crisis.
bosnku kuku, extremity, final
matter.
na bosuku te, amiss, improper.
Bosumbano, n., corruption, detri
ment, obnoxiousness, pollu
tion, unchastity, violation.
Bosungi, . , aid, assistance, help.
Bosuni, n. , carnality, fleshliness.
Boswa, . , insanity, lunacy, mad
ness.
bele boswa, to be mad, be
crazed.
Bota, //., gun.
Bbta[/V. mbta], ., boat.
Bbta, vt., to bear (fruit or children),
to beget (for bbtinya, which

BOTA-BOYA

( 102 )

Hot a (continued).
is not used), bring forth, give
birth to, produce, yield,
boto bonke'ta, to give birth to
twins.
bbt'esubu, to give birth again
before previous child can walk,
bear in rapid succession.
bbta le-le, to bear fruitfully (of
trees).
bbta makei, to lay eggs.
bbta makel mblu-mblu, to lay
many eggs together.
bbta
mambi, to concoct,
imagine, invent.
bbta mbolo, to bear fruit.
bbta mobonda, to abort.
bbta pusu-pusu, to bear fruit
fully (of animals),
bbtibwa na boleme, to be born
crippled.
mwan'akobbtibwa na nyangb,
the child is born of the mother;
see also bbtana.
bbtisa, vc., to breed, deliver (of
midwife), fertilize, fructify.
Botabbta, vs., to crouch.
Botaki, //., adultness, elderness,
manhood, maturity, prime of
life.
Botala, n., drying frame, stage,
stand for pots over fire for dry
ing them before putting them
away.
Bbtana, vs., to be fruitful, be be
gotten.
mwan akobbtana na sangb,
the child is begotten of the
father.
Botangi maleing b, /////., hemor
rhage.
Botale, ., Bobangi knife, sabre,
sword.
[ence.
Botei, n., waywardness, disobediBotclu, ., lightness in colour.
Botemi, n., uprightness, verticalness.
botemi ngendb, defiance.
Botemi, ., requirement, need.
Boto,//., to squeeze water out of
vegetables, etc.

Boto, mn., to be thick, not watery.

botisa, ; ', . , to evaporate, thicken
by boiling down.
Boto [pl. babbtb], 3, ., kind of
river grass, not stingy.
Botbbe, //. - botbpe.
Botoi, . , niceness, pleasantness ;
suffering.
Botbi, . , growth, growing.
Botblo, //. ; ntblo.
Botondi, /;. = lltondi.
Botbnga, n., family ties, acquaint
anceship, companionship, fel
lowship, fraternal relationship.
Botbpe, ., kind of indiarubber
creeper, cricket ball, play ball.
bosano bb botbpe, game of cricmwete mb botbpe, bat.
[ket.
Botosi, ., submission, obedience.
Bototo, ii., instrument of music,
occarina, pod with hole or
clay bowl with two or three
holes used as a whistle.
Bototoli, . , frizzling.
Botu, ind., indistinct (of speech),
used in the phrase munya
botu.
Botuba-ntange, n. , early irregular
menstruation.
Botuka, . , widowhood.
Botuki, n., inheriting.
Botungu, n., boniness, emaciation,
leanness, spareness (of person).
Botunu, . , bhmtness.
Bouku, n., hairiness.
Boula, ., dirtiness, indecorum.
Boulu, n. = linzombblo.
Bounza, n., eaves of verandah,
overhanging grass on roof.
Bowuli, n. , access.
Bowblb, n. -- bowblbkb.
Bowblbkb, //., dissipation, prodi
gality, reckless squandering.
Bowbngb, ., adulterer, male fornicator.
Bbya, vt. , to be adverse to, decline,
disobey, not want, refuse, stand
out against, will not, disap
prove, dissent from, be reluc
tant.
bbya nzbto, to deny oneself.

( 103

BOYA-BULE

Boyambeteli, n., infection.

Boyumbwi, n., flying, jumping,
Boyambi, ., acceptance, belief,
springing.
Boyungwi, n., apathy.
faith, receipt, receiving, recep
Boyunzbli, n., mutiny.
tion, religion.
Boyanga, n. , fashion pride.
. Bozaleli, n., presence.
Boyangeli, n. , conspiracy, plan
Bozeki, n., levity, merriment.
ning for another, plotting Bozinga, //., ignorance, inexperi
ence.
against.
l
Boyasu, ., lightness in weight.
; Bozinga, n., blue colour.
Boye, dem. adj., this, used without Bu, ind., sharp turning of headland
(with bunbla), heavy (of sleep).
reference to anything in parti
cular.
Bu, ind., grasped, fast hold (with
Boyiili, n. , bereavement, orphan
bumba).
hood. This word is often used Buba, vin., to accumulate tartar (of
as a sort of oath ; the speaher
teeth), go fusty, go mouldy,
usually accompanies the word
mildew.
with an ominous strohe of the Buba, vt. , to pirate or seize a person
finger across the throat ; it is
while on his journey.
sometimes enlarged. by another Bubula, vt., to make a person ap
pear stupid.
word, as boyeli mikblbla,
Bukn, /./.. to take a lump, = muka.
shaven on account of bereave
Buka, vin., to boil.
ment.
Boye'mbi, n., singing, service.
Bukelele, ind. , level, of one height.
boyembi bb bokimdi, burial Bukinya, vc. , to barter, buy or sell
for or with goods (not money),
service.
Boyende, n. = bosenga.
exchange, interchange, requite,
Boyenzi, n. , proportion.
retaliate, revenge, take re
senga boyenzi, to be dispro
venge.
Buko, ind., bulk, for the most part
portionate.
Boyenzi, n., change.
(use/i as kangala).
boyenzi bo molu'ko, repentance. Bukbla, vt., to extract or knock
senga boyenzi, to be changeless.
out (a tooth), knock or pull
Boyeyi, n., benediction.
away from the mass.
Boyi, n. , darkness.
bakwa, vs., to collapse (of a
Boyikii, n., abundance, plenty,
hole), fall away from mass, fall
out (of teeth), slip (of land).
plurality.
Boyim bo, // . , see boimbb.
Bukukala [bukuku], vs., to be
Boyimela, n., hollow sound (of
puffy (of cheeks).
Bukuta, vt., to eat one thing by
drum).
Boyindo, n., black colour.
itself.
Boyinl, n., baptism.
Bukwangana, vs. , intensive mean
Boyito, n., frame for drying fish,
ings of bukwa.
see also botala.
Bula, vin., to abound, increase,
Boyoboli boyambi, nph., creed,
multiply, be plentiful, rankle,
statement of belief.
rise.
Boyokb, n., indigence, penury,
bulisa, vc., to foster, promote.
poverty, scarcity.
bulis'eyangala, to inflame.
Boyolwi bbmoncobo, ///., hernia.
bulisa nkelele, to impassion.
Boyula, n. = boula.
Bulangana, vs., to increase rapidly
Boyuli, n., likeness, similarity.
or vastly, be rife.
bayuli babbti, heredity.
Bale, ind., from bulia.

BULI-BUNZA

( 104 )

Bali, ind., in bulk, for the most

part, frequently (used as kangala) many, much (in nega
tive clauses).
Bulla [bulama, bule], ;-/., to bring
broadside, bring (canoe) along
side, consecrate, dedicate, des
tine, devote, exclude, hallow,
keep or leave for the present,
put aside or on one side, re
serve, sanctify, set apart or
aside.
bulama, vs., to be holy, incline
towards, be sacred, be set
apart.
Bulb-bulb, ind., confused (of eyes).
Bulbla, vt. , to push on one side.
bulwa, vs., to go to one side.
Bulbla, vt., to examine (a cloth),
rummage.
Bulu, ind. , restless.
Bulu-bulu, ind., dusty.
Bulukani, 3, t/.pl., epsom salts.
Buluku-buluku, ind., of large
price, numerous.
Buluku-buluku, ind., crumby,
dusty.
Bulula, .-/. = bulola,
Bululu, ind., burning quickly (with
lika).
Bululu-bululu, ind., very numer
ous.
Bulimia [bulu-bulu], vs. = langibana.
Bulungana, vs., to be chaotic, be
confounded, be confused, be in
a muddle, be topsy-turvy.
bulunginya, vc. , to bungle, con
found, confuse, derange, dis
organize, jumble, litter, make
a mess (of anything).
Bulusitoni, (Eng.), 3, //.//., blue
stone.
Buma {pl. muma], //., cotton tree
(boinbax).
Bumba [bu], vt., to clasp, grasp,
grip, hold fast, lay hold of,
seize.
Bumbia [bumbama, bumba], .-/.,
to close, cover up, put on
(cover).

Bumbbla, vt., to disclose, open

(box), put right side up, take
off lid, uncover.
Bumela, vt., to crumple, frill,
gather (cloth in sewing), ruffle,
tuck in the hem, tuck up.
Buna [vs. bunya, ind. bie], vt.,
to break, break off, click (ii
gun), cock (a gun) full, snap.
bunya, vs., to suffer fracture.
bunya ke or te, to click (when
cocked of gun).
bunel'elamba, to pull up cloth
over belt so that it hangs over.
bunela miokoko, to bend palm
midrib rafters over ridge pole.
Buna, vt., to contend, fight with
fists.
buna n'engulumisa, to agonize,
struggle (against something
which threatens death),
bunlsa, /-,., to compete, contest.
bunisa lobangu, to run a race.
bunisa nkai, to race canoes.
Bundbla, vt., to knock down (trees,
buildings, etc.).
bundwa, vs., to be broken down,
collapse, fall (of trees, houses).
Bundbla, vt., to raise water and
let it fall with a noise, rumble
(of abdomen), stir up (mud in
water).
Bundwangana, vs., intensive
meanings of bundwa.
Bunga, vt., to add, bring or put
together.
bung'elbngo, to go in company
together.
Bungana, vs., to be amassed, be
stored.
bunginy'o ebbmbela, to garner,
lay in store.
Bungatana, vs. = mungatana.
Bunbla [bu], ,-/., to make even,
pass headland sharp.
Bunu [/'/. munu], ., cutlass, matBunya, vs., from buna.
[chet.
Bunyangana, vs., intensive mean
ings of bunya.
Bunza, vii/., to roar (of water in
cataract or in boiling).

BUNZA-BWAKA

Bunza (continued)
bunzisa, vc., to boil (make roar),
set water in commotion.
Busa [/i/. misa], n., day; as an
adverb, eventually.
busa bbbye, dawn.

bus'b mutu, noon.

busa bbbteme, noon.
busa bbbkengama, afternoon.

bus'b litoi, mid-afternoon, 3

o'clock.
busa boo bete, about 4 o'clock..
bus'b loseki, about 5 o'clock.
busa bbolinda or bbbyinda,
sunset, 6 o'clock.

busa bbbkbba, about 3 o'clock

in the morning.
busa bb lelo, to-day.

busa bb lbbi, to-morro\v.

busa bbliki lbbi, yesterday.

busa bb bwete, day after to

morrow.
busa bbliki bwete, day before
yesterday.
busa bb yanana or matabale,
third day from the present.
busa bbliki yanana or mata
bale, third day previous to the
present.
busa bbka b mpbkwa, day has
become evening, col]. for old
age.
misa manco, always.
Busa [busi, kwaki], i'/., to clutch,
eat voraciously, pounce upon,
seize, snatch at or up, swoop
down, take greedily.
busa mind, to bite.
busa mompandi, to walk about
bewailing the dead.
Busemela, vap., to clutch at.
Busi, in- /., l'rum busa.
Buso [//. babuso] (Fr.), 3, n.,

magnetic compass.
Buta \ind. (for birds), kwaki; (for
animals), kwangi], vt., to ab
duct, arrest, distrain (for debt),
pounce upon, seize (prey).
Bute, ind., overmuch, too many,
too much.

Butinya, vc., to bring back, fetch

back, give back, put or send
back, refund, reinstate, repay,
replace, return.
butinya libanza, to recrimin
ate.
Butisa, vc. = butwisa.
butisa litbmba, to bring in a

profit, be profitable.
butisa libomi, to be ruinous.
Butbla, -'/., to stir, turn over to
cook other side
Bututala, .-.. = bukukala.
Butwa, vs., to come back, get
back, go back, recur, retreat,
return, recommence (followed
by defsuitive clause).
butwa boku or simbe. to jump
back, start.
butwa kolb, to return without a
scar from fight.
butwa mambiambisa, to back
slide, recede, relapse, retro
grade, return, revert.
butwa sume, to recoil .
butwa swi, to be disappointed
(usually of heart), put out.
butwa wali, to retire.
butwisa, vc., to get back, recall,
reclaim, = butinya.
butwela, to resume.
Bu-u, ind., moaning (of wind),
soughing.
mompe mokoya bu-u, the wind
comes in soughs.
Bwa, vt., to apply curatives, cure,
heal.
bwa bcnganga, to heal with a
fetish.
bwa mono, to heal with medi
cine.
bwa se bolobaka, to heal with
a word only.
Bwa, ind., alive, inherent, intact,
present, sitting down.
Bwa mincobo, vpl/., to clean en
trails.
Bwabu, ind., falling into water.
Bwaka, vt., to cast, dash, deline
ate (shadows), fling, fling away,
hurl, pelt, pitch, throw, toss.

BWAKA-BWETE

( 106 )

Bwaka (continued).
bwak'ekakala, to put on rooflining of house.
bwak'ekani, to cast away anxi
ous apprehensions.
bwak'eyanb, to respond.
bwaka kale, to cast aside or
apart.
bwaka litambe, to take a step.
bwaka mai nyalala, to play (of
a fountain).
bwaka mayeyele, to be radiant.
bwaka miasi, to dash spray.
bwaka miso, to look.
bwaka mis'b mbisa, to look
behind.
bwaka molende, to insinuate.
bwaka mongenza, to deny re
sponsibility (for goods which
had been pressed into trust
and were presently lost), lay
blame on someone else.
bwaka ncengi, to reflect.
bwak'b ndanda, to eject, throw
out.
bwaka nzebi. to glance up,
look quickly.
bwaka nzbto, to give oneself up
or away.
bwaka peleie, to toss and catch
again.
bwaka yai-yai, to dandle.
bwaka ku, to cast down from
ground or from a height.
bwakisa mbisa, to put back to
back.
bwakel'etaya, to taunt.
bwakela nzbto.tocastoneselfon.
bwakasana, vrec., to throw
backwards and forwards.
Bwakana mbisa, vpl/., to be back
to back.
Bwakinya, vc., to be alert, keep
watch, look out, be vigilant, be
wary of, be watchful.
Bwala [//. mala], ., charcoal,
generally of palm kernel.
Bwale, i/., nakedness, nudity.
Bwale |/'/. male], . , distress,
grief, hard work, harm, labour,
malady, pain, trouble.

Bwale (continued).
ybkisa or toisa bwale, to give
pain, injure, grieve.
Bwale'ke'le, //., woman or animal
recently confined.
Bwalb, ., briskness, dispatch, ex
pedition, pace, quickness,
rapidity, speed, velocity, swift
ness.
Bwalo, n., kind of game.
Bwamba [//. mamba], //. , chain.
Bwango [//. mango], ., perforated
bowl, steamer for cooking.
Bwanya, ., ability, aptitude, art,
cleverness, faculty, genius,
gumption, ingenuity, talent.
mome bwanya, genius.
Bwanza [//. manza], ., kind of
musical instrument, two pieces
of iron struck together.
Bwato [pl. mato |, ., boat, canoe,
ship, steamship.
Bwe, ind. , bright (in colour or of
light).
bwe na malongb, red with blood.
na busa bwe, until daybreak.
Bwele \pl. bampele, i], n., male,
man.
Bweli, ., 30.
[house.
Bwembo, n., game at keeping
Bwembo [pl. membo], n. , probos
cis, elephant's trunk.
Bwembbbale, ., kind of small
duck.
Bwe'ngo [/'/. mengol, ., boat,
canoe, ship, steamship.
bwengo bb bilamba, sailing
vessel, yacht, ship.
bwengo bb nce', railway train.
bwengo bb nkai, a paddle or
row boat.
bwengo bb nkuka, steamship,
steam launch, steam yacht.
Bwe'ta [_.''/. meta], n.. cataract,
rapids, rough water ; cohl. =
elima.
bweta bb mai tubu-tubu.
waterfall.
litimba ll bweta, caldron.
Bwete. vt., to cleave the water (of
certain fish).

107
Bwete, ., day after to-morrow,
day before yesterday, see busa.
Bwisa, //. - busa.
C.

Ca, /./'. fron/ cakana.

Ca, i/id., cut clean through.
Ca, vsu., to descend (river), drift,
flow, go down (stream).
Caba, vin., to swim rolling on each
side alternately and with hand
on same side taking stroke.
Cababala [cababa], .-'..-., to sprawl.
Cabana, v., . --- nyengana and
nyabana.

Cabe, ind., calm, hush, peaceful,

quiet, serene, silent, still, tran
quil.
Cabili, ind., full length.
Cabbla, vt., to abbreviate, abridge,
curtail,
reduce, diminish,
shorten.
Cakakala, vs., to be disarranged,
be together without arrange
ment, be uncovered, and so
likely to spoil.
Cakana [ca, cakanu ], to be dis
persed, be noised abroad, be
published, be scattered, be
spread abroad.
caKiiiya, vc., to cast about, dif
fuse, dispel, expend, issue,
make known, spread news.
Cakola, vt., to broaden, open to
give more room between,
spread out, widen.
cakwa, vs., to open (of flowers,
wings, etc.).

Gala, vt., to scratch (of fowl).

Calangana, vs., to be dispersed, to
scratch here and there.
Catbla, vt., to lop off, prune, trim
off.

Ce, ind. , incisive, trenchant.

Ce, ind. , from cece.
Cebe, ind., from cebolo, to level.
Cebolo, vt. , to turn over on back,
turn foot at right angles to
original position.
cebwa, vs., to be splayed.

BWETE-CiNZA

Cebolo [cebe], vt. , to level, make

even or regular, straighten.
Cece, in,i. ncence.
Cece [ce], vt., to cut up into small
pieces, mince.
Cecengenc [cece-ceco], vs. , to be
beaten to powder, be broken
or cut to atoms, shatter.
cecinginya, vc., to mangle,
mutilate.
cecinginya na bolambi, to boil

to pieces.
Cecolo, i '/. = cabbla, = petolo.
Cecula, vt. , to: knock off (charred
wood from burning firewood),
strike fire or lucifer match,
trim (a wick).
cecula eseno, to strike a flint
and steel or lucifer match on
box.
cecula ntoto, to strike sparks.
Cekele, .-/. = sekele.
Cekeiie, , ' . . = bengene.

cekinya, vc., to rub (skins oft

corn with hands), winnow.
Ceketene, vs. = seketene.
Cekubana, vs., to be delicious,
glowing (of fire), luscious,
melodious, nice, pleasant,
sweet.
Cele, vt., to mix up (mbesi), shake
up (dice), shuffle (cards).
Cemisi (Eng.), 3, ., chemise.
Cemolo, vt. = petolo.
Cenge, vin., to give light, shine.
Cengebana, vs., to give light, be
refulgent, shine.
Cenzeli, 3, ., kind of large fly.
Cetolo, ';/. = catola.
Cikana [did], vs., to flicker, flut
ter, move, quake, quiver, trem
ble, be tremulous, twinkle.
cikana kia-kia, to tick.
cikinya, vc., to agitate, shake
up.
cikinya pu-pu, to flap (wings)
Ciki, ind., from cikana.
Cinza, vt., to jog, push, shove,
thrust.
cinza bolukisa, to jostle.
Cinza, vin., to rise (of river).

ClNZO-EllA

( 108 )

Cinzblu, vt. , to push away.

Cisi (Eng.), 3, ., cheese.
Co, ind., intently (used with keka
and sosolo).
Co, ind. , alike, exactly, facing, op
posite, prepared, proper.
so co, literal,
Cobo, vt., to puddle.
Cobo, vt., to mix up.
Cobo, ind., imitation of a sneeze.
Cobb-cobb, ind., walking in v/ater
in which feet can be lifted out
of water.
Cobono, vs., to be impure, be mixed
up together.
cobinya, vc., to admix, adulte
rate, alloy, blend, concoct, im
pregnate, intermingle.
Cbbongono, vs., to be irregularly
mixed up, be in a muddle.
Ccobla, vt. = cocolo.
Coeolo, i'/. -. sosolo.
Cokbla, vt., to take by handfuls.
Cokula, vt. = sokula.
Coma, vt., to mend or stir (fire),
stoke, poke (a fire), tie (a knot),
tie up (parcel).
Conya, vt., to conjecture, guess,
hazard (a suggestion), invent
(an hypothesis).
Cu, ind. from cuma.
Cubbla, vt., to bite a piece off a
lump.
Cubbla, vt. , to adulterate, increase
in bulk or strength by inserting
another ingredient.
cubbia na mai, to dilute.
Cuca [cuce],vA, to connect, couple,
graft, join together, put totogether, splice,
cuca boyikaka, to scarf (carpen_try).
cuca bolipaka, to solder.
Cucana, vs., to hold together.
Cuce, ind., from ouca.
Cuka, vt. = busa.
[lathe.
Cuki (Eng.), 3, ., chuck on a
Cuma [ou, cwe], vt., to pierce,
prick, prod.
the ind. is ou, when large instru
ments are used.

Cuma (continued).
the ind. is cwe when small in
struments are used.
Cwe, ind., from cuma, also =
mpweme.
cwe-cwo, ind., acute (of pain).
Cwe-cwe,zW., imitation of a scoieal
of pig.
Cwekene [cweke], vs., to be tied
tightly (of belt).

Daila (Eng.), 3, ., dial.

Dbwele (Eng.), 3, ., dowel.
For other words which may be
thought to have the prefix disee under ll-.

! intj., O ! Yea! Yes !

E, adj. particle, sing., class I, 3, 4,

5, 8. See Grammar, 33, 34.
Eaka, //., molar tooth.
Eba, ., kind of crocodile, lightskinned and cannibal.
Ebabu, ., clavicle, shoulder-blade.
Ebaka, //., kind of jar.
Ebakakali, ., mode of burying
living person with head out of
ground, the legs and arms of
the victim having been first
broken.
Ebakata, //., kind of edible water
beetle.
Ebala, . , loom.
Ebale, ., river.
ebal'6 liso, inside of eye.
Ebali, ., best or superlaiive person
or thing. No concord is re
quired after ebali to precede
the name of the superlative per
son or thing ; if the adjectival
particle is used the clause following is a definitive one;
otherwise the supplementary or
complementary word forms a
compound name. Observe the
two usages .-

EIIA-EBE
Ebebe, n., kind of game in which
Khali (continued).
ebali e mbbka, tbe principal
the players are all seated ex
cept one who stands in the
person in the homestead.
ebali mbbka, the best home.
centre of the ring formed by
those who are sitting down.
ebali sO, especially.
One or more rises from their
This word is used very largely to
sitting posture, and the one in
compare ideas; the following
are some models for its use /
the centre of the ring makes a
rush to touch with his hand one
Bosoni bbng'ebali bokbti
akopitii botangi (note the pro
of those who have risen ; if he
succeed in doing so, the one
nominal a- in akopita instead
ofbd~whzch is peculinr to this
touched is said to be left with
ebebe, and takes his turn in
model), or Bosoni na botangi,
ebali bokbti bosoni, it is
the centre of the ring.
Ebiibo, . , bad, evil, worthless, or
harder to write than to read.
Eng'ebali bokoti na mosi
spoilt person or thing, failure ;
Bobangi notanga monkana
in pl. debris.
bbkopita bo mondele, it is
ebeb'e zambi, an enormity.
harder for a Bobangi person to Ebebeke, n. , kind of fish eagle.
Ebeka, ., part of a doorway.
read than for a white man.
ebek'e nce, threshold, door-sill,
Eng'ebali bokoti notanga
bokopita bo noloba, it is
sill.
harder to read than to speak.
ebek'e likolo, lintel.
Ebali bisengo e'nga mobaki Ebekako, n., brim, threshold.
ombe Yesu, most happy is the Ebeke, ., portion of a bone which
faithful servant of Jesus.
resembles a cap.
Ebalo, . = lombalo.
ebek'e libolongo, knee cap, pa
Ebambi, n., kind of non-edible
tella.
ebek'e mutu, skull.
caterpillar.
Ebambo, //., cover.
Ebekela, //., business, daily task,
Ebarau, n. , moutb of tortoise.
occupation, official duty, pro
Ebanda, n. esabe.
fession, trade, work.
Ebandclit, ., elementary matter, Ebekble, ., figure, number, nu
introduction (to book).
meral.
Ebandemela, . , cement,
ebekel'e mosei, digit.
[chin.
Ebanga, ., kind' of plantain, Ebeku, ., cicatrix on chin, the
long, curved, and with reddish Ebele, intj., cry of abundance of
food to be bought or sold.
tint.
Ebanga, ., kind of iron leglet, Ebele, n. , bundle of several sticks
anklet, armlet, bracelet, or
of camwood paste ; basket in
collar.
which cassava roots are steeped ;
ebang'e nkoli, spiral, ornamen
kind of non-edible fungus.
ted, flat, beaten iron or brass Ebelengeni, n. , ring or clang of a
anklet or bracelet.
bell.
Xbanzela, ., bond (in brickwork). Ebeh. ., field, nest of driver ants.
obeli 6 bisbbe, meadow.
Ebanzi, n., spike (generally of palm
splinters placed in gardens to I Ebelb, n., loin, thigh ; in pl. lap.
sbmb'ebelo, to marry a woman
punish intruders).
Ebasa, n., kind of grass.
of the same village.
Ebatisela, ., easel, stand.
Ebe'lb, ;/. = ebe'li.
Ebeba, ., flaw, bad .place.
Ebemba, //. etbnga.

EBE-EBO

( no )

Ebembe, //., body (dead), carcase,

corpse.
Ebende, //., kind of small flea, or
louse.
Ebena, . , _ kind of game in
which a piece of plantain root
is hurled along the ground, and
as it goes along assegais are
thrown at it, and eventually the
players stand at a distance from
the place where it rests and
take aim at it, and if it is not
"wounded" it is again hurled
along the ground and the play
resumed.
Ebenga, 11., dove, pigeon.
Ebenge, //. = esundu.
Ebengi, n., target.
Ebengo, n., hunting dog which has
two spots under its eyes, and is
thus said by some to have 4
eyes.
Ebengoli, n. , lever.
Ebetele, ., printing press.
ebetel'e minkna,printingomce.
ebetel'e nto, weaver's shed.
Ebeto, n. , den, fold, fowl's nest,
lair of animal.
ebeto e mbata, sheepfold.
Ebeya, ., curved knife.
Eboye, ., kind of fish which at
first is libulu, then liyanga,
and then ebeye.
Kbika, n. , night rambler.
Ebila, ., bunch of palm nuts.
Ebimba, ., bunch, bundle, fagot,
packet, sheaf.
Ebimb6, ., downfall, fall.
Ebimi, n., about 4 a.m.
ket'ebimi, to rise before day
break.
Ebimwa, ., kind of antelope.
Ebindi, . -.- - libundu.
Ebmgbli, ., contempt.
Ebio, //. ----- libio.
Ebb, ., long barrelled gun with
small bore.
Ebb, ., history, narrative.
tut'ebb, to relate a narrative.
Ebobo, /'//., call to come and
bathe.

Ebbbb, n. = ebobolo.
Ebobolo, ., kind of animal, prob
ably hyena or jackal.
Ebbka, ., bank of earth.
Eboka, ., large and long mortar
for bruising sugar-cane, trough.
Ebbke, ., kind offish-trap.
Ebbkela, ., raised mud floor or
path.
Eboko, n., foreleg of animal.
Ebbkb, ., kind of basket, small
and upright used in a mode of
fishing, see wa nzoi.
Eboko, ., chamber utensil, dis
carded pot.
Ebbkbki, ., food of which only a
little can be taken.
Ebbkbto, ii. = ebuki.
Ebbla, n., banner, ensign, flag,
standard.
ebbl'e Bwabbnzale, Belgian
ensign.
ebbl'e Mbolamatale, Congo
Free State ensign.
ebbl'e Mpumu Ntango, Dutch
ensign.
ebbl'e Ekomanda, French en
sign.
ebbl'e Ngelesa, English ensign.
Ebole, ., fleet (of canoes).
Ebbli, n., barrenness (of birds).
Ebblb, . ~ ebbli, = ekomba.
Ebblb, n., stoutness mistaken for
pregnancy.
Ebblo, ., bundle of sticks, ring of
wire at end of stick, webbed
foot.
Ebolo, ., roundness of back, shell
of turtle.
ebolo e likele, blossom before
expanded into a flower.
Eb6lu, ., putrid thing.
Ebbmbela, n., store, barn, ware
house.
Ebombo, ii. , lower part of abdo
men.
Ebbndii, . = liboto.
Ebonda, n., batch, lot sold whole
sale, suit, suite, team.
cbond'e (biloko bi)bale, a pair.
libale-libal'ebonda, in pairs.

 ( In )
Ebbnga, ., torrent, sudden de
scent of the water of river.
Ebongi, ., damp.
kitela ebongi, to be humid,
damp.
Ebongo, /.-. --- mobu.
Ebongo, ., kind of large bottle
or jar.
Ebongo, n., harpoon.
EbonRwa, n.
ebongo.
Ebonza, ., forehead of an animal.
Ebonzcli, n. = ebonzoki.
Ebonzoki, //., abject, ill-condi
tioned or starved person, im
becile.
Ebosaki, n., anything with a
defect or crack, defect.
Ebosi, //., barbarian.
Ebbtaki, n. , bearing or fruitful
female, mother of a family.

Ebbtisela, n., germ.

Ebbto, n., kinsman, relative, per
son with whom one is on good
terms, a kind fellow ; this word
is also used as an interjection
in expressing thanhs. In the
plural it signifies kindred.
Ebubu, ., clown, dumb person,
mute, ridiculous person.
Ebubu, ,/., plantain stem after
fruit has been cut off.
Ebuki, ., lump, small quantity
(liquid).
ebuki 6 likei, yolk of egg.
ebuki e malbngb, clot of blood.
ebuki e masbtu, landslip.
ebuki e mokbtb, ball.
ebuki e mono, a pill.
Ebukutu, n., clod, large lump.
Ebukwi, //.. landslip.
Ebula ! intj. , strange !
Ebuleke, conj., true indeed. It
implies that the reason or
meaning of the fact was un
hnown, hut is now understood /
ncande' is used in the second
part of the sentence. Ebuleke
akiti, ncande n'ewel'e bo
ngo, true indeed he fell, never
theless
because of fear.
Sbuleke anga nde d sala

EBO-ECE

Ebuleke (continued).

ka, noande n'ewel'e bwale,

true indeed he does not work
(I supposed he was idle), but
nevertheless (he works not)
because of pain.
ebuleke ncande, notwithstand
ing.
Ebulisela, ., factor (arithmetic).
Ebumbia, //. . cover, lid.
ebumbia e lilongo. //., dishcover.
Ebumela, .. frill.
Ebuna, i/.. omen.
Ebunani, n., unmarried female al
though marriageable, virgin.
Ebundu, ., chisel for tapping
palm tree, cutlass with curved
point, reaping hook, sickle.
Ebunga elongo, nph., comrade,
companion.
Ebunga llna, nph., person of the
same name.
Ebungu, //. , place where mabuku
grow.
Ebuni, n., (occurring in proverbs
only], fighting.
Ebunza, ., bush of cassava show
ing sign of approaching matur
ity.
Ebusu (K. ), ., cotton from the
cotton plant.
Ebwa, ., domestic or tame ani
mal ; in pl. live stock.
Ebwele, ., animal, beast, flesh
meat ; abscess ofear.
ebwel'e
bongala,
ravening
creature, wild beast.
bibwele bi masembe, hoofed
animals.
bibwele bi ncaka, cattle,
Ebwe'le, n., kind offish.
Ecaca, n., fetish which gives mer
chant quick returns.
Ecakacaka, . , kind of shallow
basket.
Ecala, n., kind of pod used as a
rattle.
Ece, ., fable, fiction, legend,
novel, parable, story, tale.
ta ece, to tell a fable.

ECE-EKA

( n2 )

JSce (continued'].

eo'e bobwakana, riddle, con

undrum, enigma.
ec'e botaka, fable.
Ece, n., sneeze.
ta ece, to sneeze.
Eccei, //., tiny piece cut off.
Ecengi, n., a light, luminary.
Ecobo, ., crossbreed, hybrid,
mongrel.
Ecomela, ., poker.
Ecucela, ., coupling, hyphen.
Ecwe, 3, . , measure of charge of
powder.
E-e ! intj. , oh ! oh ! expression of
disapproval or denial.
E-e ! iiiti., well now !
Eeli, n. = eyeli.
Eenga.. n. , hard stool or motion.
Eifci, ., kind of fishing trap,
wheel.
eik'e mind, cog-wheel.
mobbngolokb mo eika, wheel
barrow.
Eingo, n. = eyela.
Eipi, //. = eyeli.
Eisi, . , smell of undrained cassava
roots which have been steeped.
Eiti. ., elf, sprite, fairy.
Ek.ibo, n.. share.
Ekaka, ., thick bush, cane-brake,
jungle.
Ekaka, ., neck-joint of meat.
Ekaka, ., angry bragging, cala
mus palm.
Ekakala, ., spline mat for roofing.
Ekakasa, <{)'., parallel, abreast.
Ekakoli, ., element, fraction, in
gredient, piece divided off,
sect, section ; in pl. quotient.
The natives seem to have no way
of rechoning fractions or ex
pressing them, hnt ihe follow
ing method is suggested for
schoolworh/ J, yoke b bikakoli bibale ; y. bisato b
bikakoli binei; '.. zomu
na bitano b bikakoii zbmu
na motbba ; ;; of an inch,
bisato b bikakoii mwambi
bi ncia.

Ekala, //., kind of spline mat.

Ekala. . , line, rank, row, side
(in a palaver or fight).
Ekalakasa, ., spoiled or wornout article, person become
thin.
Ekalakasa, n.li. = ekakasa.
Ekambe, n., people collectively of
a kind described by the word
which follows and may be
translated by "those who."
No concording particle is used
before the word with which this
noun is associnted.
Ekambela, ., jail.
lisbko li ekambela, prison cell.
Ekambi, n. = ekambe.
Ekamu, ., kind of fruit tree.
Ekamwisela, n. , surprising thing.
Ekando, . , snag.
Ekanga, n., capital, chiefs resi
dential town, city.
mosl ekanga, citizen.
Ekangambasi, n., kind of grass
hopper, locust.
Ekangala, n. , hearty laugh, guf
faw.
Ekanganga, //. = ekangala.
Ekangela, ., frying-pan.

Ekangela, n. , bundle of odd sticks

or ivories.
Ekangi, //. = mpikb.
Ekango, n. , tobacco leaf growing
or plucked.
Ekango, ., bunchlet of palm nuts.
Ekani, n., anxious fear, apprehensiveness, presentiment of
trouble
bwak'ekani, to cast away appre
hensive fear.
Ekanzoli, //., strainer.
Ekata, //., person afflicted with
many sores.
Ekata, . , kind of fish.
Ekatamba, //., bond of cord,
pinion of cane fibre,
Ekatanga, //. = ekatamba.
Ekate, n. , chiefs compound, made
in some districts at chiefs
coronation ; fence round an
ekanga.

EKA-EKO
Ekatola, a., more generally used
in the plural, estate, goods, in
come, livelihood, means of ob
taining food, property, posses
sions, substance.
Ekatcla, ., holder ; in pl. forceps,
Ekati, a., bunch of arrows, asse
gais.
Ekei, //., earthenware pot; in pl.
pottery, earthenware.
Ekekela, n. , countenance, sight
(near breach of gun).
Ekekele, ., thick and thorny root
of palm rib.
EUekeiie, ., haunch, ekili.
Ekeki, /i , a look, scene.
Ekuko, i/., kind of intestinal
disease, internal piles.
Ekeku, ., molar tooth.
Ekela ncai, nph., condiment.
Ekele, K. , kind of fruit tree and also
the fruit of it.
Ekelc, . , lump of solid in liquid
food, swollen gland at the side
of neck.
Ekelela, ., an action, feat, instru
ment, operation, production.
Ekclet/i, /:. , hard cassava bread.
Ekelisela, /!.. coop.
Ekembe, //. , kind of field rat.
Ekembe, ., a faltering of the voice.
EkencLisela. //., certificate.
Ekene, ., woman's short narrow
cloth, part of a fathom.
Ekenenge, ., haunch, rump bone;
col], highness of cheek bone.
Ekeng//, ., broken earthenware
pot, potsherd.
Ekenge, //. = lotsbu.
Ekengene, n., kind of insect.
Ekengeni, ., enmity, feud, hos
tility, rancour.
Ekesentika (Eng. ), n., eccentric of
engine.
Ekete, ., cage, kind of fishing
trap.
Ekete ncwe, nph., barber.
Eketeteli, ., kind offish.
Ekiba, ., compression, fulness,
plethora, sob, stuffiness, suffo
cation.

Ekila. ., an article, the use of

which is abstained from ; for
bidden thing, illicit act, pro
hibited article of diet, etc., a
tabooed thing.
Ekili, ., chair, form, seat, stool.

Ekili, n., hip.

Ekima, . , message, offering, sacri
fice.

ekim'e botumbaka, burnt offer

ing.
E&indo, ., charge of powder,
crack (of gun), report (of gun),
stamp (of foot).
Elungili, ., posterior of tortoise
or turtle.

Ekita, //. -- ekwa.

Ekitisela, ., pitfall.
Ekiya, n., hardened skin.
Ekb, n. , midnight.
Ekobe, . , round shoulders.
EJtobi, ., cuddling, folding arms
round neck of person.
ling'ekobi ,-/- kbm'ekobi, to
embrace.
Ekbbo, n. , casual act of illicit
intercourse.
pe ekobo, to give a woman a
reward for permitting illicit
intercourse.
Ekoi, n., procrastination.
Ekbkele, ., affray, broil, disturb
ance, riot, row, sedition, tumult,
uproar.
Ekokele, //., large red-throated
lizard.

Ekbki, .v. = lltaki.

Ekoki, //. = ekokele.
Ekokila, ., buckle, clasp, cord
binding limbs, strap, hinge,
ring of gun, latchet of sandal,
rope handle, thong.
ekokil'e sbko, staple.
ekokil'e ka, hasp.
Ekoko, n., floating grass island,
river grass.
Ekoko, n., beating of time in
canoe.

bete or kom'ekoko, to beat

time.
Ekokoi, ., body, carcase, corpse.
I

EKO-EKU
Ekbkbko, n. , kind of frog or toad,
kind of tree.
Ekbkblo, n., plaintain bark ; ab
ject or poor person.
Ekokolo-kokolo, n. , vagabond,
vagrant, wanderer.
Ekbkotb, . , aged person, veteran.
Ekokoto, ., kind of large black
beetle.
Ekolcla. e bibwele, nph., carriage,
cart, chariot, vehicle, wagon.
Ekoli, ., site.
Ekolij, n., basket with cover and
handles.
Ekolo, ., hind leg.
Ekblbli, . , kind of water fowl.
Ekololo, . , kind of frog.
Ekblbngb, n. , adage, maxim, pre
cept, proverb, saying.
Ekoloto, ., kind of small frog,
kind of intestinal worm.
Ekolu, i/., phlegm.
Ekbmba, n., bale (of cloth), person
buried beneath chief, wooden
pillow.
Ekomba, ., barren woman or
animal, childless woman.
Ekbmbb, n, , cicatrix on buttocks.
Ekombwa, ., style of voice,
tone.
Ekomisela, n., essential thing.
Ekonclo, . = eyango.
Ekongele, n. , filter, sieve.
Ekongele, n., drinking vessel used
to drink liquid taken from a
larger vessel.
Ekbngi, //., beak, bill (of bird).
Ekbngb, ., kind of bird, heron,
plume of feathers, = ebekela.
Ekbngb, 3, . = eoko.
Ekbngbngo, ., collar bone,
clavicle.
Ekbnbngb, ., large bone.
Ekonza, ., fecundity, prolific in
breeding, that is, more than
one at a birth.
Ekosa, ., cruelty, illtreatment,
inconsiderateness, oppression,
overtasking, slave-driving,
tyranny.

Ekoseli, ., fidgetiness, irritableness, quarrelsomeness, restless

ness, uncomfortableness.
Ekota, ., blackmail; bundle of
tobacco leaves.
Ekbtisa, ., crust.
Ekbtisela, ., substance.
Ekbto, ., bonnet, cap, hat, hel
met.
Ekbtb, n. , boot, hide, leather, shoe,
skin, slipper.
ekbtb e boyakiaka, golosh.
ekbtb e leli-leli, parchment.
Ekotombolo, ., kind of mat.
Ekuba, n. , person with head bent
down slightly hunching the
back.
Ekuki, n. , door, gate, shutter,
window.
ekuki e ndanda, front door.
ekuki e likusa, back door.
Ekuku, ., plantain flower, afterbirth, placenta.
Eknkutn, ., kind of sand-fly.
Ekuli, n., the first share of a find,
eteloli is the second share.
Ekulu, ., brigand, highwayman,
robber ; colq. epidemic wbich
causes the death of many
people, plague.
Ekulu, ., rope.
Ekululu, . , kind of scavenger
beetle.
Ekulusu (K.), ., cross.
sembbl'b ekulusu, to crucify.
Ekumamali, n.. kind of bird, a
gloomy person.
Ekumbi, ., bow of a vessel or
canoe.
Elcumbu, n., kind of head dress,
hat of short feathers.
Ekumbu, ., lying-in-room or
house ; to denote this fact a
plaintain leaf or palm frond
is usually put over the doorwav as a sign.
Ekumola, ., source.
Ekumele, ., blind path.
Ekuna, ., atrocity, brutality,
crime, enormity, rascality,
envy, foul play, heinous act,

Euu-E/.K
Ekuna (continued).
iniquity, malefaction, malicious
ness, outrage, roguery, spite,
vicious act.
mome ekuna, vicious or bru
tish person.
Ekun/la, n., plug (rolled leaf)
used during menstruation.
Ekunela, . = monganda.
Ekungu, i/., instrument of music,
an ivory horn.
Ekiisu, n. , kind of insect which
burrows into the human body.
Ekutu, n., dried plantain bark.
Ekututu, n., small black biting

%.

.
Ekwa,
n., guilt.
Ekwa, n., tick (insect).
3kwa,kata, n., extortion, piracy.
Ekwako, //. = ekwakata.
Ekwakoba, .. ambush.
Ekwalci, n., kind of bird, part
ridge.
Ekwanza, ., cent, per cent, inter
est.
Ekwende, n., vertical cicatrix on
forehead.
Ekwende, n., curve in tree or
branch, a leaning on one side.
Ekwende, ., short person or ani
mal.
ekwend'e ncbsb, bantam.
Ekweya, ., servile division of
Bobangi tribe not allowed to
wear leopard skins.
Ekwikiti, n. = ekututu.
Elabo, n. = esake.
Elaka, n. = ndaka.
Elakati, n., piece of cooked cassava
adhering to wrapping leaf.
Klale, ., articles spread out,
flooding of water, scattering of
people.
Elali, n., deserted town, solitary
place.
Elama, n., limb.
Elamba, . cloth (of any kind),
garment; in pl. apparel, clothes,
dress.
elamb'e kotola mbindo, apron,
bib.

Elamba (continued).
elamb'e lembele, cur/ain.
elamb'e likesi, gaiters.
elamb'e litbko, carpet.
elamb'e mompe, sail.
elamb'e munya mo talatala
blind.
elamb'e tiituma, night-shirt or
gown.
elamb'e ybmisa malongo, tea
cloth'.
jEHambela, //.. kitchen.
Elambo, ., feast.

elambo ebpalalala, banquet.

Elandi, n., kind of slug.
Elangampali, n. , severe heat, sul
triness.
Elanganu, n. , inappropriateness,
incorrectness. '
Elangi, n. , daring person, or one
who displays himself as such.
Elangi, n. , soreness of wound.
Elango, ., acclaim, joyful noise,
shout of exultation ; in pl.
merriment.
Elebese, ., a being either worse
or better than is represented.
mokoni d bilebese, one who
makes much ado about a trifling
sickness.
akeli zambi n'elebe's'e nke
lele, he did the thing (wrongly
by doing it) with dispropor
tionate anger.
awi n'elebe's'e llwa, he died
although he appeared to be
well.
Elebo, n., nut from palm called
lilebb.
Eleke, n., kind of little bird with
yellow breast, which destroys
palm trees.
Elekela, n. , leak, passage.
Elekembele, ., stretch of unin
habited land on river bank.
Eleko, n., interval.
Elele, n. , clandestineness.
Elele [pl. bielele], cyclone, gale,
gust, hurricane, squall, tornado.
Eleleku, ., part undsr chin, ton
sil.

ELE-ELO
Elblelc, n. , diving without noise.
Elibo, ., bung, cover, lid, valve.
Eleli, . . yellow and mature plan
Eli-ell, ., indivisibility, insepara
tain leaf.
bility, thinness.
Elema, ., fool, idiot, stupid per
Elikia, ., expectation, hope, pros
son.
pect.
Elembe, //. , age, duration, period,
seng'ellkia, to be hopeless.
Eliina, //., awestriking thing, awful
term, time.
Elembi, n., kind of intestinal
thing, idol, object of dread.
ellm'e'teko, idol, image for wor
worm.
Eliimbo, //., badge, criterion, em
ship.
Ellmbi, ., blunder, inadvertence,
blem, feature, indicati'on, land
mistake through forgetting,
mark, lineament, mark, point
omission .
of punctuation, seal, sign,
signature, symbol, symptom, Elimbwisela, ., apostrophe.
Ellmo, n. , apparition, ghost, hob
token, trademark, trait.
elembo o bongondo, property
goblin, spirit of a departed
person supposed to be still
acquired by the gains of prosti
haunting the earth.
tution.
elembo e monkandi, credential.
Ellmwisa, ., extinguisher.
elembo e sosolo, feature.
Elinda, ., bung, cork, plug,
stopper, wad for cartridge.
bilembo bi sosblo, marks of !
Elindb, ., . - - elinda.
identity.
Elome, //., crippled limb.
Elindwa, //. = elinda.
Elipela, ., enamel.
Elenge, ., )uvenile, youth.
Elite, //., weight (for scales).
eleng'e bwele, boy, lad.
Elobola, //., pronunciation, sen
eleng'e mwene, girl, lass.
Elenge, '/. = elongi.
tence.
Elenge, ., fireplace in canoe, Elobu, ,.-. - ekolu.
sometimes of clay, sometimes Eloko, '/.. article, material,
medium, thing, utensil ; in pl.
of a pot on four legs into
apparatus, baggage, means,
which fire is put ; house stove,
oven ; root of plantain.
tools.
eloko a salela, tool.
eleng'e motando, kind of cook
mw'eloko,
a bit, trifle.
ing pot.
ElcjiAi. ". , forestaller, deceiver, Elokokoli, .. frown.
kek'elokokoli. to look fiercely
impropriator.

or angrily, frown.
Elengo, ., scaffold trap for big
game. The heavy, upright Eloli. n., blaze.
beam is called mpingo, and Elblo, n., kind of tree, kind of
. !lshinto this mpingo another piece
of wood is fitted called moka- Elolo, ., kind of egg-fruit, to
mato.
mpanza, and into this mokaEloiloi. n., delirious crj'.
mpanza is fitted the spear.
Elombe,, n., arbitrator, middle
Klengwm, n., fool, ignoramus.
Kote, //. , nickname for engbele.
man, umpire.
Kletolo (K. or Eng.), ., letter of Elombele, ., bait, beguiling, in
ducement, tempting.
the alphabet.
Elondo. ., anvil stand.
Klctu. //., weight (for scales).
Elonga. n., acquittedness, circum
Elib.->. . lake, pond, pool.
Elibnko. //., cover of a book, door,
spection, decorum, innocence,
guiltlessness.
gate.

ELO-ENGBE
Elongi, n. , appearance, counten
Empamo, .. wedge for splitting
wood, etc.
ance, face.
Empenga, //., large portion.
elongi e saii -- mutu mo saii.
Empengelempe'ngele, . , kind of
Elongo, . , line of people one be
hind the other, company, pro
snake.
Empimpi, //.. nip, pinch.
cession.
Empiningi, ., headless body, log
lbke elongo, let us go together.
of wood.
Elbngb, ., calamus palm.
Empiokoto, n. , garland made of
Elbngb e nzirto, uph. , good fortune.
plantain fibre, worn round
Elongo, ., cylindrical store basket.
loins by women in mourning,
Elor.gombila, n., kind of tree,
and round loins and also over
parts of which are used as sto
shoulders
in dancing, and by
machic medicine, and the wood
friends on one of their number
for caulking canoes.
giving birth to twins.
Elbngb-ncono, ., kind of bird.
Elonza, ., double bell or gong.
' Empbmpb, //.. kind of dove or
pigeon.
Elos;, n. , click with tongue on
Empbnda, //., blow with a fist.
palate of mouth made as an
Empummgu, //., dock (tail), =
exclamation of sadness, pity,
empiningi.
sympathy, or regret.
Empweti, n., small sheathed knife,
Elbtisela, n., emollient.
Elcu, //. ekolu.
see also liso.
Emunyu, //., crumb.
Elubwa, //., general term for fish
Emwa, //. = emwanga.
ing traps.
EUiisela, n. , emetic.
Emwanga, n., awful thing, dread
Eluki, //., query, question.
ful occurrence, fearful event,
Elulosela, n. , bank (for money).
frightful matter, portent, ter
Elulubisa, ., barm, leaven, yeast.
ror.
Enangananga, //.. any kind of in
Elumbe, n., nasty odour, offensive
sect, small reptile, ant, larva,
smell, stink, stench.
fly, beetle, or grub.
Elumbu, n., albino, white dog /
Enasi, //., pineapple.
white men were at first denoted
Enca, n., kind of caterpillar which
by this term.
causes itch.
Elunga, ., kind of waterproof
Encala, n., fringe.
basket.
Encanca,
//. = ecaca.
Elungu, n., hot place.
Encbnbngb, n., sight (on muzzle
Elunza, ., thunder roll, growl.
of gun).
Embembe, ., breeze, draught (of
Encuncu, ., hard pimple, wart.
air), zephyr.
Eneke, //. . kind of bird.
Embolambola, //. , treasure, valued
Enengu, . , eddy, ripple, wake of
article.
Emboto, n. , ground nuts kneaded
canoe or vessel.
Enga, n., crack but not quite
into paste.
emboto e mpbta, poultice.
through.
Engamba, i/., kind of creeper.
Embuni, //., striped piece of cloth
Enganzi, ., despot, mighty man,
for wearing.
Emeko, ., degree, gauge (weight
tyrant.
Engasa, ., fork, rake.
or cubic), measure of weight or
Engbele, n., bread, loaf, cassava
capacity, scales.
emeko e bolito, balance, scales.
bread, which is made as fol
Emongo, //., kind of edible fungus.
lows / the roots undergo the

ENGBE-ENZE

( n8 }

Engumba, n., barricade, fortifica

Engbele (continued").
tion, palisade, stockade, wall
usual steeping and kneading,
of defence.
etc., then the whole kneaded
engumb'e nke'nke, bulwark.
mass is boiled in one lot, and
then this mass is again cut up Engumisa //. = engulumisa.
Enguni, //., hard swelling.
and kneaded afresh, and after
wards made into round balls Engunza, n. , cassava leal .
Engwangosa,
//., kind of sting
which vary in size, and boiled
ing water grass.
in this last new form.
Engwasa, //. = engasa.
engbel'e belie, sweet cake.
Engwele, //. - engbele.
Engbengbe, ., kind of gnat.
Engekete, //., swollen gland near Enmgl, /.<., exhaustion, fatigue, lan
guor, lassitude, toil, weariness.
ear ; colq. dimple (of cheeks).
Enkoso, i/., lefthandedness ; colq.
Engeketeke, //. = engekete.
confused speech.
Engende, ., kind of abscess.
En kbto, n. = ekoto.
Engende, //., shortness (of person), Enkbto,
ii., nest ofinsect, clnysalis.
kind of small drum, splash in
enkbto e mibmbe, wasp's nest.
learning to swim.
Enonga, n., place on stern of canoe
bete binge'nde, to beat the water
which forms the place for the
in learning to swim.
last man, who usually performs
Engengene, n., kind of cricket.
the steering.
Engenze, . = mpbmba.
Enongele, n., extreme top of tree
Engenzo, n. , gleet, gonorrhoea.
or hill, highest point, peak,
Engetele, ., ancient copper money
pinnacle, summit.
4 inch thick and 3 inches long, Enoni, n. , longing, taste.
and usually bent up at the
enoni e molbko, delight in an
ends ; colq. , heaviness.
other, fondness.
Engili, n., short, bulky person.
Enono, n., cock, tap, spout, drop
Engbki, //., crop of bird.
ping from tree.
Engbndb, ii., curvature of spine low Enta, ., large cloth made of many
pieces of native cloth sewn to
in back ; javelin, short spear
with heavy head.
gether.
Engondb, n., kind of tree used by Enuela, n. , beverage, place to drink
natives for making handles to
beer in, tavern.
Enuete, ., pinch, spare diet.
their axes.
Engonzi, ., lower part of animal's Enueti, n. , covered signal, warning.
or bird's leg from knee down- I Enyanyaka, //., spoiled thing.
wards, which is the perquisite Enyete, ., kind of snake which
of mandondo, shank (of fowl
haunts bushes.
or animal) ; colq., andin auger, Enyibwela, ., mill for crushing
limp, weak fellow.
grain.
Enyinyela, n., platen of press,
Engosa, n.. kind of bird.
Engbtaka, //., kind of small lizard.
press.
Enyuka, ., fibre of tree used to
Engotb, n. = elenge, root of plan
tain.
wash body with.
Engulu, iii//., see litoi, loboko, Enzenze, ., barrel, cask, keg, tub.
lokolo, mosei.
enzenz'e ngomo, large barrel or
Engulumisa, ., anything ex
keg.
enzenz'e'yeli, iron drum.
tremely troublesome or vexa
tious, agony, danger, peril.
nkat'e'nzenze, hoop.

EO-EPO

( H9)
Eoko, a., kind of bird.
Epit, . , faint report of gun, small
charge of powder.
Epa, i/. - ebeli.

Epa bisbmba, ///., mortar maker

(a term of derision).
Epakama, ., double fruit.
Epakata, //. , clap, blow.
Epako, ., discarded person or
slave on account of some per
sonal defect, and given objec
tionable employment, drudge,
wretch.
Epala, ./. , sheet iron.
Epalo, ., large spear.
Epalo, ., chip, flake, unfiled tooth.
Epamba, //.. spleen.
Epamba, ., kind of knife.
Epango, i/., head of leg bone, spur
of cock.
Epanzo, n., furferal procession by
men.
Epaso, i/., llake. plate, shell, slab.
epaso 6 talatala, pane of glass.
Epeko, //., chipped place in
earthenware or glass.
Epekoli, //. - epekb.

Epelako, n. , semi-enclosure, par

tition in house forming side of
bed ; some say it means a room
which has an entrance both
from outside and inside of the
house ; some also give the mean
ing of &om,
Epele, n. = epala.

Epepele, //. , small portion.

Epepele, //. .- ebubu.

Epesoli, i/., moth eaten place.

Epe'te, ii, , blot, dirt mark on any
thing.
Epimela, ., outlet.
epimul'e likanga, east.
Epinya, //.. bladder.
Spiswela c llno, nph., spring of
striker (of gun).
Episwela c moncbndi, nph.,
spring'of trigger (of gun).
Epo, n., heart ol plaintain root.
Epo, ., absurdity, ridiculousness.
Epoke, ., arched stick of a trap,
stocks.

Epbkbli, //... scooping out.

Epomba, . , bench, board, coffin,
plank, table.
epomb'e bingunza, corrugated
kneading board.
epomb'e biula, kneading board.
epbmb'e boli, eating table.
epomb'e bosoni, desk, writing
table.
epomb'e
epomb'e
epbmb'e
bench.
epbmb'e

bososi, wasli table.

liwale, coffin.
mobongb, carpenter's
sungbla mbieli, knife

board.
epbmb'e zala, form, sitting
bench.
tandol'epbmba, to lay or spread
the table.
Epbmbisela, ., perforated place.
Epbmbisi, , .. bradawl.
Epongo, /. . = lilusu.
Epbpe, ,//'., blasted or immature
(ncau), empty (maize cob or
nut shell).
Epopoko, n. , kind of tree, leaves of
which are used in spreading
fish on ncanga.
Epopblb, . . = loseba.
Eposa, . = epose.
Epose, //., chance, leave, liberty,
licence, permission, place,
sanction, stead, vacancy.
bondeTepose, to ask leave.
kulel'epose, to accommodate.
b epos'e, for, on behalf of.
pe or tik'epose, to give leave,
grant liberty, permit, sanction.
seng'epose, to be inadmissible.
yamb'epose, to take the liberty.
yib'epose, to be licentious.
Eposi, a. = epose.
Eposb, ., cartridge case, chaff,
shell (of nut, grain, egg).
epaso e likei, eggshell.
Epotb, ., tine for intruding into
an eswaka or when person
falls.
Epbyb, //. , kind of fish with scales
like a sprat and much thicker
in girth.

EPU-ESE

( 120 )

Epukbkotwa, ., kind of large

plantain.
Epukbkbkoto, n. = epukbkotwa.
Epuku, n. , broken edge of earthenware vessel.
Epulu, n . = epalo.
Epuma, ., damaged place.
Epuna, n., a million.
Epunza, ., awn of grasses, sceptre,
tail of elephant, which is often
used as a sceptre by a chief.
Epupaki, //., fan.
Epiipu. ., fool, a ridiculous or
worthless article.
Epupwela, n., threshing-floor,
winnowing-place.
Eputaki, ., cushion, head-pad,
pad,
Eputaputa, n., indiscrimination.
Epwe, //., lead.
cpw'o mbndb, red lead.
Esabe, n. , inlet between wooded
banks, suitable for fishing
mombbkb.
Esabekela, i/.. pool, swamp.
Esakamanza, ., a kind of plant.
Esakango, //., shed.
Esake, //., animal's house, fowlhouse, hovel, stable.
esak'e mbwa, kennel.
Esale, . , small earthenware pot.
Esanga, ., 4- or 5-stringed guitar.
Esanga, ., large island.
Esangi, n. , beeswax, honeycomb,
bunchlet of plantains.
esangi e mali, suet.
Esanzi, ., a kind of instrument of
music, harmonium, marimba,
organ.
Esanyange, //., publicity.
n'esanyange, common, public.
Esasa, ., bellows-blower, enginedriver.
Esasaki, //., bush, shrub.
Esasola, . , burn, pungency, smart
ing, smarting pain.
Esau, ., pan of gun, priming.
Ese, i/. , country (not town), district,
neighbourhood, region.
Ese, 1/., handsomeness.

Esebu, i/. = eseu.

Eseka, ., chumming together.
Eseke, //. , see ngila.
Eseke, n. , kind of palm nut green
when ripe.
Esekisi, //. , inference.
Esele, ., first paddler who assists
last paddler in steering.
Esele, ., cripple, deformed person.
Esele, //. , obliqueness.
Eseli, n., fatigue, languor, lassi
tude, weariness.
Esembe, n. elembe.
Esemele, /.-., landing-place, railway
station.
Esende, ., idle person who does
not work, laggard.
Esende, ., kind of squirrel.
Ese'nga, ., prey, spoil (of animal).
Esenga, 3, n., kind offish.
Esenge, n. , small canoe.
Esenge'te, n. , sharp stick or stump
left in ground after tree is cut
or burnt down.
Esengo, n. , bliss, delight, felicity,
gladness, joy, pleasure.
ybkis'esengo, to bless, make
happy.
zambl Ii esengo, beatitude.
senga bisengo, to be dismal.
Ese'no, //. , box of matches, flint and
steel, tinder box.
Esenzako, ., lot, which is some
times taken by holding a num
ber of reeds (one of which is
tied in the centre) in the hand,
and each being drawn by each
person interested until the
knotted one is taken ; test of in
nocence, one method of which
is to cause the person charged
with wrong doing, or his proxy,
to hold a bush while it is in
voked by another person, who
commences his invocation by
the syllable ba, and closes it
by the syllable za, if the bush
shakes the man charged is
guilty ; sometimes the test is
more severe, and is applied by
fire, when a limb of the sup-

ESE-ESU
Esenzako (continn, .l).
posed culprit is put in the fire,
and if it burn not the person is
declared innocent. This is also
the name of a game of lots con
ducted as previously stated, but
a person is invited to draw the
reeds forth one by one ; if he
draw the knotted one before
any of the rest he is declared a
witch, bnt if it be left until the
last he is acquitted.
mekisa bisenzako, to cast or
draw lots.
kundw'esenzako, to be selected
by lot, have the lot fallen to
oneself.
Esesc, ., a kind of tree with very
rough leaves, called also bisese,
and which are used for rubbing
surfaces smooth ; emery-cloth,
glass-paper, sand-paper.
Esesc bibwele, iiph., retailer of
flesh-meat.
Eseso, ., funny word, etc., jest,
joke.
na bisesb, comic, droll.
Esesu, ., laggard, useless or worth
less person or thing.
Esetuka, /i. = etukalaka.
Eseii, . , kind of tree, camwood ;
dry season, low water season.

Esiba, n. ekando.
Esika, n.. small island.
Esimbisela, ., anything used as
a check, barrier, brake, draw
back, encumbrance, hindrance,
holdfast, impediment, latch,
mooring, obstacle, obstruction,
peg for hanging clothes upon,
pinion, ratchet, safeguard,
spring which keeps trigger of
gun at half-cock.
Esimwmya, n., idea, notion.
Esinga, ., base of palm nuts.
Esmgi, n. , salt made from mabuka,
a scratch.
Esmginya, ., stump of tree.

Esiningi, . = esinginya.
Esino, n. montuma.
Esinya, n. = elinda.

Esiya, n., scar.

Esb, n., 3, saw.
eso one, pit saw.
eso e kete, cross-cut saw.
eso e libUla, pit saw.
eso e liusu, keyhole saw.
eso e moango, frame saw.
eso e panb, panel saw.
eso e yatola, ripping saw.
eso e ybngia, dovetail or tenon
saw.
Esbbe, n., grass plain ; in pl. grass,
hay, straw, litter.
Esbko, i/., incision in tree (as steps
cut in a palm), epoke.
Esoko, . , brushwood, copse,
clump, plantation, small forest.
Esokoli, n., copy, imitation, re
production.
Esbli, n., vagina.
Esolo, ., forelock, front plait of
hair, = okingili.
Esbmba, ., mortar (vessel).
Esomba, //., kind of animal, mole.
Esbmbankoni, ., kind of insect
found in rotten wood.
Esombe, i/.. kind of palm nut
rleshy and with tiny kernel.
Esombi, n., dancing witch doctor,
diviner.
Esompondo, n., kind of stinging
creeper, cowitch.
Esonele, ., anything which may
be used for writing upon, black
board, paper, slate, etc.
Esbnga, i/. = esinginya.
Esbnga, //. = llsembe.
Esbngb, n. , cliff, house with dooi
in gable end, opposition, per
pendicular precipice, right
angle, verticalness.
mot'o esbngb, antagonist.
tem'esbngb, to be adverse, be in
conflict, be in opposition.
temel'esbngb, to combat.
Esonb mina, uph. , registrar.
Ksosela, //., lavatory.
Esubu, //. , kind of water snake,
said not to be poisonous, called
also esubu e mokbkb.

ESU-ETE
Esukela, . , banister, basis, brack
et, fundamental matter, pad
ding, pile, prop, stake driven
into the ground, standard for
holding things, support, trestle.
esukel'e makolo, footstool.
esukel'e mpotb, stone, etc.
(generally with two others) to
support cooking pot on fire.
esukel'e miitu, pillow.
esukel'e ndako, foundation.
Esukela, . , destination.

Esukulunkutu, n. , owl.
Esukutu, n., occurs only in fables
- esukulunkutu.
Esulu, n., blight, dumb person.
Esumb/i, ., chimpanzee.
Esumwa, //., desire to get by gam
bling.
Esundel'e likanga, nph., west
(cardinal point).
Esundu, ., sweet potato.
esundu e nkbka, purple sweet
potato.
Eswaka, n., place of mystery where
only the initiated may enter.

Eswala, //. - eswaka.

Eswama, n., uncrowned chief.
Eswanga, n., hoof.
Eswela, ., costume, garb, manner
of dress,

Eswela e metala, nph., foundry.

Etabala, ., round shallow basket.
etabal'e liloka. long stretch of
water.
etabal'c nce, landscape.
Etai, ., kind of small edible frog.
Etaka, ., forked stick, ladder,
prop, trestle ; in pl. scaffold.
Etaki, . = litaki.
Etako, ., door, shutter, window.
Etalaka, i/., frame for kneading
board, platform raised over
fire on which to sleep (native
mosquito protection), shelf.
etalak'e minkana, bookshelf.
Etalango, //., grate, hammock,
stand in canoe on which to
place goods to preserve them
from the water which gathers
in the bottom.

Etalo, ., concourse, crowd of

sight-seers.
Etambo, //. , a kind of fish trap.
Etambwela, //. . gait.
Etando, //., ceiling, sky, cradle
(for steamer), expanse, firma
ment, laige surface.
etando e bosoni, writing desk.
etando e likolo, firmament,
heaven.

etando e mabwa, reef of rocks.

etando e mbenza, bed-sheet.
etando e monkana. reading
desk.
Etatamba, n. , kind of tree.
Etaya, . , abusive utterance, angry
word, invective; in pl. insult
ing language.
Ete, n. , kind ol dark purple bead,
kind of eye disease.
Ete, adv. , as, that, thus. It is
usually abbrevinted into 't&
with the pronoun, when the
verb to speak or to say should
be understood.
ngai'te, I (speak) thus.
yo'te, tbou (speakest) thus.
yeye'te, he (speaks) thus.
bisb'te, we (speak) thus.
binb'te, you (speak thus.
bangb'te, they (speak) thus.
ete nde, according to, as if, even
as, if, in accordance with.
ncoki ete, even as.
Etebe, //., a kind of small insect
found in large leaves in which
engbele is boiled.
Etebu, //. = lotebu.
Etebu, n., small jug.
Eteke, ., bark, epidermis, husk,
rind, shell, skin.
etek'e leli-leli, film, membrane.
etek'e maid, burr.
etek'e mpbta, scab.
Eteko, n., image, statue.
Eteli, n., place for paddling.
Etelbli, ii. , second share of a find,
ekuli is the first.
Etemele, n. , woman debarred from
sexual intercourse for physical
reasons.

( 123 )

Etcmele, ., altitude, figure.

etemel'e biokolo or kombele
or tombele or tundivlu, erect
and straight figure.
Etona, ., sores under toes.
Eteiido, n. = lbkb, kind of tree.
Stenel'e mwese, np//., patch of
sunshine through an opening
in forest.
Etenge, /:. = mompakia.
Etengu, n., lame limb.
Etcbli, i/. = eteloli.
Etiba, n., kind of plantain, platelike basket.
Etikc. n., orphan.
Etilimisa, i/., antidote.
Etiiidi, ., butt of gun, heel.
Etiti, n., kind offish trap.
Etitingi, i/. , cinder, ember, piece
of firewood burning but not
glowing.
Etb, adv., interrogative negative,
with certainly not understood
as the only possible answer.
Etolu, n. ; kind of plant, water lily.
Etomba, n., bit, fragment, mem
ber, part, piece cut or broken
crosswise, portion.
Etondo, n., cause, object, reason,
sake, source.
n'etondo e, because of, for.
Etbnclbngoma (K. ), ., arrow
root.
Etbnga. n. , acquaintainship, brood,
company, drove, family, flock,
herd, party, shoal, society.
etong'e bobbto, fraternity.
zal'etbnga na, to keep company
with.

Etbngo, n. -_- eliba.

Etotb, . , self-sown plant, etc.,
wild growth.
Etbtbko, n. , kind of small plantain.
Etotbkb, i/. , conical twist of leaf,
funnel (of folded leaf).
Etbtongi, . , kind of bird.
Etbtotb, n., kind of fish.
Etotwele, ., grill.
Etuba, ., author, inventor, origin
ator.
etuba nzembo, author of songs.

ETE-EWA

Etubisela, n., drill (for making

holes).
EtubU, n. , hated person or thing.
Etubuku, ., splashing of water
in learning to swim.
Etuka, //., ant's nest on trees,
town, village.
ir.osi etuka, citizen.
Etuka, ., one berelt of conjugal
companion ; bunch.
etuk'e mwene, widow.
etuk'e bwele, widower.
Etukalaka, -/., anthill with a top
as an inverted plate.
Etuki, . . . = etuli.
Etula, i/., counter-current, upcurrent.
Etuli, n., natural death, still-born
birth.
Etuluku, /!.. band, class (in
school), detachment (of sol
diers), group, lot, regiment.
Etumba, ., battle, conflict, fight,
war, engagement.
mek'etumba, to skirmish.
Et uniii, n., liability, responsibility
for an occurrence.

Etusu, //. = litusu.

Etuti, n., bed, camping-place,
couch, lodging, sofa.
etuti 6 nkobe, inclosed bed.
etuti e bomongana, child's
cradle.
etuti e mwana, ., child's crib.
kul'etuti, to lodge.
Etutisa, n.. swelling.
Etutu, . , wall of house.
Etutumela, n., lodging.
Etwaki, n., pang, stomach ache.
Etwi, n. , abusive word, angry re
mark, invective ; in pl. abusive
language.
Etwisa. ., first pain of labour.

Eiila, n. = eyula.
Eumbu, . elumbu.
Euta, //. - eyuta.

Euya, ii. . eyuya.

Ewaki, ., dead thing, utterly
spoilt article.
Ewalela, i/., grater, planing bench.
Ewatisa, n., palsy, shaking.

EWE-EYE
Ewela, n. = etondo.
n'eweTe, because of, for.
n'ewcl'enya or e boye, therefore.
n'eweTeye, wherefore.
Ewelele, . , entry, inlet.
Ewewe, . mowa.
Ewbku, n. = ebanga.
Ewblb, ., dissolute person, loose
person, prodigal, profligate,
reckless person, spendthrift,
squanderer, wild person.
Ewiila, //. . eyula.
Ewumbu, n. elumbu.
Eya, ., a comer.
eya na ncango, bringer of
tidings.
Xyaka, i/. = caka.
Eyaku, n., tree from which opera
tions of an enemy may be
watched, watch- tower, plat
form.
eyako e bayengele, belfry.
EyE!,ko, n. mokalo.
Eyalela, . , steamer for cooking,
sticks put into pot to prevent
food burning during boiling.
Eyalo, . , nest of fowl on ground.
Kyalo, ., crib (of animal), lair,
row (of people), stall, tier.
eyalo e boli, manger.
Eyambayamba, n., superstition.
Eyambb, n., blow, slap.
bbl'eyambb, to slap, deal a blow.
Eyamboli, ., antecedent.
Eyana, //. , plantain shoot.
Eyangala, ., heat, sunheat.
Eyangi, ., bold person, champion,
hero.
Eyango, ., amiability, appro
priateness, becomingness, de
corum, decency, gracefulness,
modesty ; in pi. good manners.
eyango e bompbmba, dignity.
mom'eyango, gentleman.
Eyano, ., chorus (in native songs),
reply, response.
Eyanza, . = epunza, awn of
grasses.
Eyanza, //. '--. ngenge.
Eyanzi, n. , chigoe, jigger.
bil'eyanzi, to extract jigger.

Eyasoli, n. nkangoli.
Eyeka, //. = longomo.
Eyekwela, n., schoolroom.
Eyela, . , small post.
Eyele, 3, ., bullet, full cartridge.
eyel'e meya mitongb, blank
cartridge.
Eyele, n. , kind of tree good for
making axe handles, etc.
Eyele, . , jest, joke.
Eyeli, . , month, moon.
eyell mosei moko, 1st or last
day of moon.
eyeli misei mibale', and or last
day but one of moon.
eyeli misui misato, 3rd or last
day but two of moon,
matela m'eyeli, period of new
moon.
motako mb eyeli, period of new
moon.
eyeli b mutu, 2nd quarter of
moon.
eyeli eka ebuki, full moon.
eyeli e likenga, full moon.
mayetela m'eyeli ebuki, time
of full moon.
maivc'la m'eyeli, 4th quarter of
moon.
Eyeli, . , blade, iron, weapon.
mokango mb bieli, iron hoop.
Eyembu, ., herb, plant, weed ;
in pl. herbage.
Eyemi, ., desire to do as others,
emulation.
Eyemo, . , kind of woman's
dance.
Eyenda, ., thing of value.
Eyenga, n. cenga.
Eyenga, ., 4th day of Bobangi
week, rest day, sabbath, Sun
day.
Eyengele, 3, ., bell, gong.
Eyengi, //. = losai.
Eyengb, n. , chalk, lime, marl.
Eyenzekele, //., kind of cricket.
Eyeti, ., piece split off, rag, shiver
of a stick, slice, strip.
eyeti e zanibi, syllable.
Eycsya, //. = elema.
Eyeyele, //., fern.

Eyi-IvA
Eyika, /.<. =-. eika.
Byindo, n., kind of dark green
plantain.
Eymdwisela, n., keepsake.
Eyingo, . = eingo.
Eyipi, . = eipi.
Eyisi, n. = eisi.
Eyiti, n. = eiti.
Eyiyi, ., kind of biting fly. [fly.
Eyiyi-e-ngombo, ., kind of large
Eyoi, . , kind of cane.
Eyoka, //., kind of animal, kind of
bird.
Eyoki, //. , noise.
Eyble, n., tube of spear head into
which the shaft is inserted.
Eybmbe, n. -- mokbmbe.
Eybmbb, n. , spathe, sheath of
frond, used to make funnel to
conduct palm wine into a
calabash.
Eyombbli, ., broom, sweeping
brush.
eyomboli e kola, scrubbing
brush.

Eybngele, . = eyangala.
Eyongo, n., kind of bush, the
wood from which is used for

floats ; cork.
eyongo e'lembo, buoy.
Eybngbugo, n. = lombota.
Eybngbki, n. = eybngbngo.
Eyonza, n., sting.
Eyotb, n., a constellation not yet
identified.
Eyotbli e'pbmba, ph. , bench screw.
Eyotu, ., white clay.
Eyoya, ., ardour, zeal, desire to
repeat a previous action, im
portunity.
Eyu, ., blemish, fault, generally
referred to as selfishness.
senga biyu, to be blameless, be
faultless.
Eyuku, ., deaf person.
Eyula, ., cassava root.
nkub'e biula, cassava field.
Eyulisa, n., imitation.
Eyululu, . = zulele.
Eyumbela, ., bookbinder's folder.
Eyumbwisela, n., spring.

Eyunga, . = eyembu ; also a

kind of enema.
Eyuta, n., braid of hair, hair-plait,
plaited tuft.

Eyuya, n. ekango.
Ezalela, ., abode, behaviour, dis
position, habit, place or man
ner of living, residence, welfare.
czalcl'c sembo, candour.
Ezalibwi, //., a creature.
Ezenze, n. = enzenze.

Ezb, ., demon, elf, gnome, sprite ;

bizb and bakula are said to
be at enmity.
ezb 6 nkbka, fetish made of the
feathers of nkbka.
Ezomo, ., kind of cloth.
Ezbnga, ., snag which bobs up
and down.
Ezubu, . , a long dive from a very
steep place.

Gena, 3, n., transliteration of gehenna, hell.

Glmilete (Eng.), 3, n., gimlet.
Giya (Eng.), 3, ., gear.
Gome (Fr.), 3, n., gum.
Gulama (Fr. ), 3, ., gramme.
miligulama, 3, milligramme.
sentigulama, 3, centigramme.
desigulama, 3, decigramme.
dekagulama, 3, decagramme.
ekotogulama, 3, hectogramme.
kilogulama, 3, kilogramme.
miliagulama, 3, myriagramme.
G-ulu, 3, ., glue.

lye ! intj. , exclamation of desire

and surprise combined.
ly oco ! intj. , exclamation of great
surprise.

Ka, adv., used at the end of a

negative clause, d being used
before it. After a verbs it is
usually modified into ke, and
after b verbs into ko.

KA-KAKO

( 126)

Ka, vin., used only in present tense,

which is the form here pre
sented, to arrive, become, come
to he, grow.
Ka, ind.,from yakia, above, fore
most, higher, more, more than,
most, paramount, principal,
prominent, sublime, supreme,
upper.
Ka, ind., with a smack used with
bbla.
Kaba, vi//., to choke with food, etc.
kabisa, vc. , to choke.
Kaba, vt., to allot, assign, bestow,
communicate, deal out, dis
burse, give, impart, share,
supply, be unselfish.
[cine.
kaba mono, to dispense medikaba ncomo, to allot unequally
through oversight.
Kabanoala, 3, //., kind of bird,
black and very pugnacious,
said to be always plucking the
feathers from other birds.
Kabatana, vs. , to shout repeatedly
and vigorously for a person.
Kabezi (Eng.), 3. ., cabbage.
Kabbla, vt., to lap, shoot out
branches in various directions,
sprout.
kabbla mai ma nkai, to paddle
with a flourish of water.
Kabbla, vt., to deal out, distribute
shares, divide out, separate,
share.
kabbla lotongo, to dissolve
partnership.
kabbla nkai, to paddle alter
nately each side.
kabwa, vs., to branch off, be
cloven, divide (as a river at its
mouth into several branches),
be forked, part, ramify.
Kabwa, vs., to be mad, lose one's
senses.
kabwa lingai, to be crazed, be
mnd, be insane, be deranged.
Kabwa, vs. , to become pale, be
blanched, be bleached, fade,
be pallid, be wan.
kabwisa, vc., to bleach.

Kaiwangana, i:-. - kalwangana.

Ka-ka, ind. , crack (of falling tree,

Kaka, vt. = kala.

[etc.).

Kaka, vin. , to become great (of a

palaver, as cursing proceeding
to fighting), curdle, go sour
(of milk), go bad (of anything
cooked).

Kakama, ,-"' . - kamakama.

Kakana, vs., to bid farewell, part,
take leave.

Kakasa, vs. kasakasa,

Kakatana, vs., to be abstruse, be
ambiguous, be bewildered, be
complicated, be confusing, be
delirious (of body), be dis
composed, be disconcerted, be
disquieted, be eccentric, be
illegible, be inextricable, be
irregular, be misunderstood,
be obscure, be perplexing, be
puzzling, be queer, be sus
picious, be unaccountable, be
unintelligible, = yungutana.
kakitinya, vc., to implicate,
misinform.
kakitiny'elongi, to make faces.
Kakela, vap., to attend to, be
attentive to the wishes of,
be painstaking, be particular
about, take care of.
Kakia [kakema, kaka], vt., to
put anything into a confined
place (as a thicket).
kakema, vs., to stick in a nar
row place.
Kakisa, vt., to adore, approve,
bless, commend, compliment,
eulogise, flatter, praise, re
spect, wish well.
kakisa nzbto, to be arrogant, be
conceited, be egotistical, be
self-praising.
ICakbla, vt. , to analyze, decompose,
defalcate, disband, discrimin
ate,
distinguish,
disunite,
divide, lower price, mediate
(but with the idea of separa
ting the parties), part, remove
from sticking fast, retail,
separate, sort.

( 127 )

Kakbla (co/itiinied).
kakbla kongolo-kongolo, to
simplify.
kakbla mai na mali, separate
water and oil.
kakbla ndenge,to assort, classify.
Kakbla, vt., to increase.
kakola lisala, to make a farm.
kakola nkai, tn pull hard.
kakola zamba, to clear a place
in forest.
kakwa, vs., to re-act.
Kakwana, vs., to differ, be differ
ent, be diverse.
-tola, adj. = -kali.
Kala, vii/., to be hoarse (of voice).
kala na nzala, to be hoarse
with hunger.
Kala, v/., contraction of kalbla,
for which reason the stative
form is kalwa, to rend, rip,
rip up, tear, tear asunder.
kala biceci, to shred.
kala kwo-kwo, to scream (of
eagle).
kala mind, to file teeth like saw.
kala miso, to make one's eyes
clairvoyant.
kala moi, to disembowel.
kala nzela, to make or clear
path through forest or grass.
Kala, vt., to atone, discharge
(debt), expiate, pay (debt).
kala mombale, to render pay
ment, settle debt.
kalela, vap., to make atonement
for, pay a person's debts.
Kala, in,l kala-kala.
Kalabana, vs., to be loud in speak
ing evil or denying.
Kalakala, vs., to act heedlessly or
improperly.
Kala-kala, ind., ancient, antique,
immemorial, long ago, of old
time, remote.
Kalangana, ;:<., to speak in con
tradiction of one's own previous
statement, <,, also kalinginya
-kali, adj., ancient, antique, of long
ago, old.

KAKO-KAMBA

Kalia [kalema, kale], . ''.. to put

alone, detach, expose, make
forlorn, put apart from the
rest, put here and there, leave
unprotected.
kalema, vs., to be unpacked.
Kalibana [kali-kali, kalili], to
flash, glitter, lighten (of light
ning), shine, sparkle.
Kalili, ind.,from kalibana.
Kalinin, vs., to be covered with
cataract (of eye), = kalibana.
Kalimbla, vt., to set in rolling
motion.
Kalinginy'elongi, r/'h., to severe
ly cicatrice the face.
Kalinginya, vc., to brandish,
flourish (a knife), twirl.
Kalipa (Kng.), 3, ., callipers.
Kalisa nongo, vp//.,to circumvent,
take a different path so as to
reach a place before animal or
person chased.
Kalbla, vt., to turn round or over.
kalbla mis'b likolb, to look
up.
Kalbta (Eng.), 3, ., carrot.
Kalwa, vs., from kala.
Kalwangana, ,-'.. to be full of
tears, rents, be rent to pieces.
Kalwangana, vs., to wriggle about
(as snake).
Kama (Eng.), 3, ., cam (machi
nery).
Kama, vin. , to come together so as
to give no room, be tight-fitting,
crush.
Kamakama, vs., to demur, be diffi
dent, doubt, be dubious, falter
(in action), hesitate, quaver, be
reticent.
Kamangana, /--., to scream.
Kamatana, /'.r. = kabatana.
Kamba, vin., to receive or suffer
punishment, undergo castigation, suffer infliction.
kambisa, vc., to punish.
Kamba, -'/. , to accompany, attend,
conduct, convey, escort, go
with, introduce, remove, take,
transport.

KAMBO-KANI

( 128 )

Kambbla, vt., to deliver or relieve

from punishment, redeem from
suffering, let off from punish
ment.
Kaminya, vc. ---. bakikia.
Kambla, vt. , to abuse, apostatize,
reject with insolence, treat in
solently.
Kamwa, vs., to exclaim, marvel,
be surprised, utter cry of won
der.
kamwisa, vc., to be stupendous,
surprise.
Kana, vt. , to aim (for position),
decide, determine, be disposed
to be, intend, menace, plan, re
solve, threaten, will.
Kananala, vs., to be short in
length when measured.
Kananala, vs., to be discontented,
be dissatisfied, be distrustful.
Kandana, vs., to become stiff (of
liquids), congeal, freeze.
Kandandala, .- '. = ngandandala.
Kandandala [kandanda], vs. , to
walk with legs stretched out to
either side (as elephant), be
straddling.
Kanga, vin. , to crack, be fissile, =
kangwa.
Kanga, vt., to cook, roast, fry,
bake ; refuse to give when it
comes to one's turn to offer
food, etc., in a club and eat
all oneself.
kanga nzbto, to be exclusive,
keep to one's own self.
Kanga, vt., to apprehend, arrest,
bandage, bind, capture, catch
(in snare), fasten, fix, gear, gird,
join (with string), lash together,
monopolize, moor (a vessel),
secure, shackle, tie, tie (a knot),
trap (animals) ; colq. = kambisa.
kanga maboko, to fold the
hands.
kanga bombala, to join together
in deceiving.
kanga ko-ko. to tie up fast.

Kanga (continued).
kanga bontamba, to enslave.
kanga boyunbla, to tie a bowknot.
kanga libbto ll mpwbnb, to tie
flannel belt in knot (style of
dress affected by women).
kanga minzinda, to frown, knit
eyebrows.
kanga monkuta or moyunclola, to make ridge of roof.
kanga mosunga, to tie a token
string, etc. , to article bespoken.
kanga munya, to muzzle.
kanga nkokelS, to gag.
kanga wbngolo, to tie in a long
bundle.
Kangala, in,l, for the most part,
genrally speaking.
Bolobo kangala se bisbbe,
Bolobo is mostly grass plains.
Ba-Bobangi banga kangala se
bisende, the Bobangi are
mostly idle people.
Kangana, , '.. . , to coagulate, be shut
up (of leaves of sensitive plant),
begin to heal, be entangled (of
talk), solidify (of liquids).
Kangatana, vs., to be complex, be
elaborate, intricate, be involved.
kanga tana na bieli or nomana,
to be fully armed.
Kangisa, ; ' . = kangwisa.
Kangbla, vt., to comb out.
Kangbla, vt., to extricate, unfasten,
unloose, untangle, untie.
kangbla likingb, to speak up.
Kangwa, vs., to come out bright
(of sun), to be fair (of weather),
be fine (of day).
busa bbbkangwa bolamu, the
day is set fair.
kangwisa, . . . , to air (clothes).
kangwisa busa, to dispel or
dissipate mist.
Kani, conj., in case of, lest ; this
conj. requires the verb follow
ing to be cast into the Pnrportive Mood ; abbmbani k'ani
noto bwale, he hid lest he
should suffer pain.

( '29 )

Kanisa, vt., to consider, estimate,

reason, regard, surmise, think,
wonder.
kanisa bokanisaka, to assume,
conceive.
kanisa soko, to wonder whether.
Kanbna (l-'r. ), 3, ., cannon.
Kanya, vt. = kaya.
Kanyanyala [kanyanya], vs., to
be lean (of meat).
Kanybla, vt., to use an expletive.
Kanza, vin., to ache (of body), be
troubled (of water), rage or
raven (of wild beast).
moi mbkukanza, to gripe.
Kanzbla, 'v/. = kangbla.
Kab, ind. , strongly knocked, iised
with bete, bola.
Kao! intj., bang !
Kapc (Fr.), 3, ., coffee.
Kapeta (Eng. ), 3, . , carpet.
Kapinda (Eng.), 3, ., carpenter.
Kasa, vt., to expostulate with,
forbid, rebuke, remonstrate
with, reprehend, reprove.
Kasakasa, vs., to contend, attempt
vigorously, agonize, strive,
struggle.
Kasangana, vs., to be rigid.
Kasasala, vs., to be knotted or
undressed (of hair).
Kasimwa, vs. -~ saslmwa.
Kasbla, -'/., used with nzbto or
molbko, to bear up against
harsh treatment, harden the
heart against entreaty.
1casola likingb, to sing loudly.
kasbla nkai, to keep well to
time in paddling.
kasbla nzoto, to hold on reso
lutely.
kaswa, vs., to be headstrong,
be implacable, be obdurate.
Kasuma, vs. , to ejaculate during a
person's speech or conversa
tion.
Kata, vt., to apprehend, arrest,
capture, grapple, hold, keep,
lay hold of, occupy, reserve,
retain, seize, sustain, take in
hand, use, wield.

KANI-KBAKBA

Kata ((ontinned).
kata bolbkblbko, to commit
rape.
kata libutaka, to take by the
handful.
kata lokwako, to speak bitterly
(of person), vilify, anathema
tize, vituperate, execrate.
kata lotbmo, to be busy, be
employed, work.
kata mbula, to prevent rain
(said of a witch doctor).
kata nte, to grasp.
kata pusunganu or pusu-pusu
or sanu, to tamper.
kata su, to nearly catch.
kata taagb, to keep from.
katisa, vc., to entrust with.
katisa lotbmo, to employ, use.
katela nkwako, to malign.
Kata, vin., to be bulky, be corpu
lent, be stout, become large,
dilate, expand, get fat, grow
great, thrive, wax (of moon).
katisa, v(., to enlarge, fatten,
fill out, magnify.
katisa meya, to make a fire.
katisa motuya, to make dear.
Kata, 3, //. , see monkbnga.
Katatala, vs., to draw up (of arm),
be numb, be parched, be
shrunken, be withered, con
tract.
katisa katatalu, to benumb.
Katia [katema, kata], vt., to
secure upon something.
katema, vs., to cling, perch.
Katb-katb, ind., waddling (of
duck).
Katbla, vt., to annex, deprive of,
recover by seizure, remove
from another's grasp, take
away forcibly.
katola bleli, to disarm.
Kau-kau, /W., burning fiercely.
Kaya |kib, kin], vt., to mangle,
snatch off, worry, wrench off
anything hanging.
Kayangana, vs. kalwangana.
Kbakbakba, 3, ., kind of edible
fungus.
K

Kl!O-KELA

( 130 )

Kbbkbtb-kbokoto, /,/;/.. rough (of

unprepared timber).
Kbu-kbu, ///..'., shaking.
Ke, iiid., click of gun when cocked.
-ke, adj., little, minute, narrow,
petty, puny, slight, small, thin ;
in pl. few.
Ke [vap. kendele], v/n., to go,
.resort.
ke bobele, to go immediately.
ke bobele-bobele, to go finally
never to return.
ke bolombisa , , likombi, to go
quietly or softly.
ke botutuma, to .go and intend
to stay over night.
ke libonga, to move to another
dwelling place, emigrate. [ly.
ke lobangu or sali, to go quickke mobembo, to go a journey or
on an expedition.
ke moi, to go to stool.
ke mosumba, to go and intend
to return the same day.
ke na-n-.bi-nn.-mbi or monyimonyi, to go slowly.
ke ngbli, to go to sleep.
ke nokengele < .- uolobbto, to
explore.
ke nzbto, to go one's way.
ke wali, to elope.
ke wa-wa, to move stealthily.
ke yambo, to go forward.
ke yengetanu, to slouch.
Ke, adv., particle of interrogative
contrast, see Grammar, 97.
Ke, .<./v... ka. .
Kcba, vin., to roll in waves, undu
late.
Kebabala, vs., to prefer to be in
sunlight.
Kcbci-kube. 3, ., name of dance
and dancer. In the dance the
dancer is dressed up with a
cloth over the head which
hangs to the feet and is
fastened about the waist ; the
cloth is a very long one above
the waist and is raised from
within by means of cross stick,
and is hoisted up and down.

Kebbla, vt., to make water muddy,

Kebu-kebu, /nd., bushy (of beard).
Keka, vt., to behold, look at, re
view, scan, see, take care, take
notice, view.
keka bolamu, co, ti, or zu, to fix
eyes upon, gaze, look fixedly
at, look longingly at, take par
ticular heed.
keka bonuyaka, to look con
temptuously.
kck'elokokoli, to look. angrily
or fiercely.
keka na mpbsa, to look long
ingly at.
keka yungb, to look .blank.
kekela, vap., to look for, wait
expectantly.
Kekana, to be facing, . be looking
towards each other.
Keke, 3, .,. accumulated tartar on
teeth.
Keke, vin., to be decayed (of
biula).
Ke-ke, ind., loud, used with
bianga.
Kekele, vin. = kekene.
Kekene, vs., to bloom, blossom,
cackle, cluck, put forth fruit,
.. : etc.
Kekete, vt., to be dull (of head
ache), gnaw, nibble.
Keketene, vs., to be inconsider
able, be succinct, be not large
.comparatively.
Kela, vt., to act, behave, commit,
construct, contrive, do, exert,
make, manufacture, operate,
perform, produce, render,
transact.
kela bikaka or bipali, to brag
vainly, swagger.
kela bobbto, to be beneficent.
kela bolblb, to embitter.
kela bombala, to be fraudulent,
deceive.
kel'ete nde, to make as if.
kela lobangu, to make haste.
kela meya, to make a fire.
kela miso kenga, .to look as
kance. .

KeJa (continued).
kela miso nzenzeli, to Mind,
dazzle.
kela molika, to be merciful.
kela molika ngnya, to be mag
nanimous.
. kela na montaka, to presume.
kela na ndando, to co-operate.
kela ndumbele, to reek.
kela ngblu, to be gracious.
kela nyile, to be pacific.
. kela pusuku, to make badly.
kela sanu, u . misuse.
kela sele, to -bevel.
kelela ngblu, to oblige,
kelibwa, vp., to be done, consist.
Kelele, vs., to be compelled, be
confined, be constrained, be
fixed, be imprisoned, be in an
.extremity, be unalterable.
nanga kelelu nbke, I must go,
-1 am compelled to go.
kelisa, .vc., to coerce, coop,
force,. inclese, keep in, lay
siege to.
Kelele, vs., to trickle down.
Kelelu, iitd., from kelele.
Kelengene, -.-.'., to be strong al. though small.
Kelengene, vs., to be mutilated.
Kelete mind, vph., .to grind one's
teeth. .
Kelimbla, ~'t. kalimbla.
kelimwa, vs., to roll down (of
tears).
Kelisa, vc.,from kelele.
Kelo, ind., dark brown, the usual
colour of the Kongo natives.
Kelwa, vs. , to be stunted.
Kemba, vin. = kenda.
Kemba, vin., to suffer by extor
tion.
kembisa, vc., to coerce, deal extortionately with, despoil, inti
midate, levy blackmail.
Kembe, vin., to be adorned, be
glorious, be gorgeous, be orna
mented.
kembisa, vc., to adorn, orna
ment, decorate, embellish,
make fine, trim.

KELA-KENGI
Kembe, vin., to falter (of voice)*
be husky.
Kenda, vin.,.\o be confirmed, be
firm, be fixed, be hard, be
hardy, be strong, be sturdy, .be
stubborn, grow strong, rankle.
kenda moloko, to be confident,
be encouraged.
' kendisa, vc.,&o assure, certify,;
confirm, emphasize, ensure,
fix firmly, lay stress on, make
. sure of, nourish, ratify, stand,
strengthen.
kendisa bolobi, to assert.
kendisa likingo, to raise the
voice.
kendisa lobangu, to quicken
speed.
kendisa molbko, to encourage. '
Kendele, vap. , from ke, to go.
Kenenge, ind., shallow, thin (of
flesh on nut, etc.).
Kenge, vt. = kengele.
Kenge, vt., to shave.
.i
Kengele, vt., to.be moderate, be
sober, be temperate, be vigilanti care for, inspect, keep
(house, flocks, etc.), look, look
after, maintain (a. law), mind,
pbserve, overlook, oversee, re
connoitre, shepherd, spy, super
vise, survey, take care of, take
. heed to, talje .notice of, tend,
watch.
kengele na mpasa ll miso, to
look from corners of eyes, peep.
kengele nzbto bmbe, to beware
of.
Kengeleie, ind., cloudless, clear,
pure (of water or speech), re
fined.
kengisa kengelele, to clarify,
refine, purify.
kengisa mai kengelele, to filter
or purify water.
,
Kengelele, ind., many spread out.
Kengene, vs., to be at feud, be
hostile.
Kengia [kengama, kenga], vt., to
incline, lean, put aslant, put on
(roof rafters).

KENGI-KIBA

( 132 )

Kengia (continued).
kengia bolobi, to mispronounce.
kengia mambi, to make mis
representations.
kengama, vs., to be incorrect,
recline, be recumbent, cross (of
eyes), lie on one side, move
aside.
Kengetene, vs., to be tied on at
suitable intervals.
kengitinya, vc., to tie on (laths,
splines). The passive form of
this is kengitibwa.
Kengolo, vt., to banter, chaff,
laugh at, make person appear
ridiculous, ridicule ; cut un
evenly, eat up (as grasshop
pers).
Kengubana, vs., to hop.
Kenyenyala [kenyenye], vs., to
be incorruptible.
Kenzwa, vs., to ache severely (of
stomach).
Kesa, vt. , used only in the Impera
tive Mood, to allow to see an
article.
Kesesala [kesese], -.-.. to be sleep
less (of eyes).
Kesula, vin. kosula.
Koto, .-/. , to cut, elide, restrict,
kotc bi, to avoid by passing an
other way, evade.
kete bitb, to cut in half, cut
close.
kete bondeko, to make close
friendship.
ket'ebimi, to rise up before
dawn.
kete llbanza. to pronounce
judgment.
kete lino, to knock out a tooth.
kete mandelo, to fix boun
daries.
kete mbanga, to castrate.
kete mibe'ko, to enact laws,
legislate, make regulations.
kete moliclc, to complete pay
ment.
kete moncume ,'- mosutu or
ngenga, to circumcise.
kete motuya, to fix price.

Kete (continued).
kete mwana bonzesi, to starve
child, said to be due to the
mother cohabiting before child
is ready to be weaned.
kete ntina, to define a meaning.
kete nzela, to cross (a road), go
to the other side (of path).
kete sambb, to cut off a long
kete sble, to bevel.
[piece.
kete wa-wa, to shear.
kete zambi, to decide, make up
one's mind.
Ketele (Eng.), 3, ., kettle.
Ketinya, vc., to circumvent, cut
off a retreat, make a detour,
cross (a road, etc. )'
Keto-keto, ind.. waddling.
Ketbla, vt. , to sing in antiphone.
Ketolo, vt., to make off with an
article and all the articles in
cluded in it or wilh it as well.
Ketula, vin. = kosula.
Ketwana, vs., to waddle.
Ki, iud., with a crack on ground
(wit/i verbs to fall), abiding,
long (with verbs to abide, de
lay, be), = yeka.
Kia, ind., abreast, tick (of clock).
Kia, /;."./., spread ami laid out.
Kia-kia, ind., torn (of clothes).
Kia-kia, ind., always, constant,
continual, incessant, invariable,
perpetual, usual.
Klakbla. vt., to snip.
Kiasi, 3, n., ten thousand.
Kiba [kibe], vin., to feel choky,
compressed, full (after eating),
restraint (in speaking), stifled,
suffocated, or tight.
Kiba, vin., to be complete (of
numbers), be equal to required
number, reach right amount.
kibisa, vc., to make good a
number, persist in, recapitulate,
reduplicate, rehearse, reiterate,
repeat, repeat in chorus.
Kibabala, vs., to be close together,
be hidebound, = kibitana.
kibisa kibabalu. to nil (as
smoke).

( !33 )

Kibe, ind., from kiba.

Kibila, vt. = kunela.
Kibitana, vs., to be convulsed
(with rnge), pant, be choked,
be suffocated, be oppressed
(with clothing), be stilled.
kibitana na mawa, to be con
trite.
kibitinya, vc., to smother.
Kie-kie, _///</., imitation of laugh
ter.
Kikitana [kikiti], vs., to hesitate,
be harsh (to touch).
loba kikiti-kikiti, to hesitate in
speaking.
Kila [kill], vt., to abandon, abom
inate, abstain from, be refrac
tory, be unmindful of, discon
tinue, dislike, disobey, feel
distaste to, forsake, give over,
give up, slight.
kila boli, to fast.
kil'ekila, to reject article which
has been tabooed.
kila mabele, to be weaned.
kila masanga, to abstain from
wine.
killMi, vc., to discountenance,
forbid, make illicit, proscribe,
require abstention, taboo.
kills'ekila, to prohibit or disallow
article of food.
killsa mwana mabele, to wean
a child.
Kilangana [kili-kili], ;-.,-., to be
accustomed, be hard, be hardy,
be healthy, be strong.
Kilekeke, 3, ., kind of. small
monkey.
Kili, ind., from kila.
Kili-kili, in.l, from kilangana,
also free from weeds.
Kilima [kili-kili], vs., to be hasty,
be rapid, palpitate.
Killmbla, vt. = kallmbla.
Kilo, cuiv., never until now,followed
by subjunctive present.
kilo nakela boye, never until
now have I done such a
thing.

KlBE-KlTA

Kilbla, ."/. , /.u admonish, le peremp

tory in commanding, charge
vehemently, command impera
tively, enjoin strictly.
kilwa, vs., to be unmoved.
Klma, ;-/., to alight (of bird).
Kimela, vin., to groan, sigh.
Kimisa, vt., to give, offer, present,
proffer, tender, stretch out.
Kiiia, vt. , to be inattentive to a
call, be unmindful of, dis
obey, be indifferent to, be re
fractory, disregard, ignore,
make light of, neglect, put up
with, set at naught, slight.
Kinda matbi, vph. , to be deaf.
Kindana [,-,-., kindlsa], vs., to
be constipated, be stopped up
tight.
kindana ngo, to be silent when
the usual thing to do would be
to speak.
Kiniila, vap., to cram, fill, ram
powder, etc., into a gun.
Kinge, ind., caught fast (of hook,
anchor, etc.).
libasa lltungami kwoko,
abendi be, kinge, the hook
was caught, he pulled thus,
fast.
Kinbla, vt., to be very disrespect
ful towards.
kinola Nyambe, to be im
pious, be ungodly.
Kinza, vt., to beget, cork, cram,
fill, generate, load (flintlock),
pack, press down (in basket,
etc.), stab, stick into, thrust (a
spear) into.
kinza ze'mi, to impregnate.
Kib, ind., snatched, wrenched.
Kio, ind., gulping, used with the
verb mina.
Kio-kio, ind., crowded, close to
gether, dense (of forest), im
passable (of forest), impene
trable, impregnable, thick (of
forest), tight.
Kita, vin., to be found guilty, be
under condemnation, fall, pro
lapse, tumble.

KlTA-KOKA

< 134 )

Kita (continued).
,
kita lu, to fall with a crack.
' kita ku, to fall headlong down,
crashing down from a height.
kita kuka, to fall forward.
kita kwekese, to strike feebly
(of striker of gun).
. kita malembo, to fall (of cloth
where tied, as in. case of a
sash).
kita mancankale, to fall back
wards.
. kita mpwese, to fall by acci
dent.
kita ngbli, to fall asleep.
kita ngbll bu, to fall fast asleep.
' 'kit 'b mai kubu, to fall into
the water.
kita samba, to fall on the face.
kita to-to, to patter (of rain). ,
kita woso, to fall down with a
bang.
' kita zu, to fall perpendicularly. '
kitibwa, vp., to be condemned.
. kitisa, vc., to condemn, confute,
declare in the wrong, denounce,
.
fell, find guilty, precipitate,
pronounce guilty, upset.
. kitela bokono, /o fall-sick.
kitela bongo, to become afraid.
' kitela pata, to suffer from
famine.
Kitabana, . , to tumble.
Kitana. vs., to relieve by taking
one's turn, succeed to position,
lake a turn.
kitan'b nongo. to take the place

of another.
kitan'bmbe, to devolve upon,
fall to anyone.
kitinya, tv., to appoint a per
son's tuin, elect to vacant
office.
Kiti, in,i., offered, presented, used
with the verb pe.
Kiu, /./., wrenched off.
Kiya. .-//:., to peel off (of skin).
Ulyisa. vc., to gall the skin.
Ko. adv., see ka.
K o. vt. = kolo.
Ko. .v/./., tied fast.

Kb, vin., to ail, be assuaged, be

exhausted, be faint, be flexible,
be fragile, be frail, be imbecile,
be impotent, be mild, be pliN able, be soft, be succulent, be
tender, be tired, be weak, be
. weary, relent.
ko lembu-lembu, to be soft (of
fine texture clpth).
. koisa, vc., to allay, assuage, de
bilitate, disable, ease, enfeeble,
exhaust, mitigate, modify, re
lax, relieve, slake, soften.
koisa molimo, to enervate. :
koisa mpos'e nua, to satisfy
thirst. _
. ;
koisa nzala, to satisfy hunger.
Ko, in d.i noisy from kukbla.
Kbba, vin. = kotwa.
busa bbbkbba, about three in
the morning.
Kbba bokila, vph. = benga
bokila.
Kbba mbesi or likoto, to clap the
hands after throwing mbesi.
Kobana, vs., to run away to an
other master.
Kobe, ind., fallen in (of toothless
mouth and used with wele).
Kobila, vt., to embrace, cuddle,
hug, catch or lift up with a
crook, clinch, crochet, knit.
Kobo, vin., to be infirm, be in
tensely weak.
Kobolo-kobolo, /W., coarse (of
powder).
Koi [vocative koye], I, ., friend.
Kbka, yn., to be expert, -be intelli
gent, be proficient, lie prudent,
be sensible, be wise.
Koka, vin., to avail, be adequate,
be agreeable, be ample, be
applicable, be capable, be
competent, be complete, be
efficacious, be enough, be
equal to a task, be expedient,
be good for something, be
sober-minded, be sufficient, be
useful (of persons).
koka mpompoli. to echo.
koka na bobbti, to be fertile.

( I3S )

Koka (continued).
kolsa Jikomo, to be due.
kok'b liloko li, to draw (of
canoe, and the measure of
water is then stated).
kokisa, i'C., to be accessory to,
make up to correct number,
' suit.
kokisa motuya, to defray cost,
fill up the number.
kokela, vap., .to afford.
Kokabana, vs., to be quite suffi
cient, be wealthy.
Koka-koka, ///,/., many in resi
dence.
Kbkana, i:'.., to travel about.
Kdkana, vs., to nil vacant places
of residence,' be correct or
- equal, be efficacious.
kokinya, vc. , to make correct
weight, fill up adequately.
Kokia [kokeme, kbke], vt., to
abate, lessen, put less, reduce
by application of some cause
(as medicine on a wound).
kokeme, vs., to assuage (of
water), fall (of river), grow
less.
Koko, 3, ., cacao, cocoa.
Kbko, 3, ., kind of intestinal
worm.
Kbko, ind., chalky (of water),
gray. ' '' '
Ko-ko, ind., indicating the rate of
time when beating it, tap, tap.
kom'ekoko ko-ko, to beat time
one, two.
Kbkbko, 3, n., kind of toad.
Kbkbla, vin. , to be of full age, be
ripe, be well acquainted with
folklore, remain in one place a
long time.
Kbkolo, vt., to decrease gradually,
evaporate, filch, pilfer, purloin,
reduce little by little.
kbkwa, vs., to come short of
amount previously known, eva
porate. '
Kbkblb-kbkblb, ind., hobblingly.
Kbkbnye, ind., destitute, forlorn,
fruitless.

KOKA-KOLO

Kbkbsana, . ... to be tall and

broad.
V>
Kbkbta, vt., to crunch, gnaw.
Kokwana, vs. , to be indigent , poor.
Kbla, vt., to drag, draw, lead, tow,
win at lobesi.
Kola, vt., to rub, scour, scrub.
kola makeleti, to grind the
teeth.
Kblangana, .. to be disquieted,
= nyengana.
Kblia [kblama, kola], vt., to
beach a vessel, haul, insert or
put anything into a rack.
Kolinginya, vc., to beat up eggs,
rub two th&gs together.
Kolo (Fr.), 3, n., collar (apparel).
Kolo, vt., to draggle, rake, trail
cloth on ground.
Kblbkb-koloko, ind. , resounding
so as to intermingle soundSj^,..
Kblbla, vt. , to draw down.
Kolbla, vt., to clean off (paint or
varnish), remove gloss, shave
bald, smooth, take off polish.
kolwa, vs., to be featherless,
shorn, threadbare.
Kblolo, ind., playing, also from
kblololo.
Kblolo, vs., to croak, snore.
Kblblu, ind., from kblololo.
Kololo, /'/. , from kolblblb.

Kolololo [kblolo, kblblu], vs., to

be cast down, be slow in pro
gress, be in despair, mope,
repine.
Kolblblb [koldlo], vs., to be lanky,
be impetuous.
Kolbmwa, vs., to fall from a height,
fall off, rush past, turn sudden
ly aside.
Kblbngana [kblongo], .-.-., to be
despised because not wealthy,
equivocate. = nyengana.
Kblbngb-kblbngb, ind., acting un
wisely.
Kblongo-kblongo, /</., best (in
choosing).
Kolongono [kolbngb], vs., to be
absolute, be complete, be entire,.
be properly prepared, be insol

KOLO-KOMO

( 136 )

Kolongono (continued),
uble, be ready (for a purpose),
be smooth, be unbroken, be
undissolved, be without a
flaw.
kolongono nomana, to be fully
armed.
kolongono na bobiki, to be
imperishable, be indissoluble.
kolongono na boyebi, to be
omniscient.
kolongono na bozaleli, to be
omnipresent.
kolongono na lobiko, to be
immortal, be everlasting.
kolongono na nguya, to be in
vincible, be omnipotent.
kolongon'b mai, to be water
tight.
kolongon'o meya, to be fire
proof.
Kolbno (Eng.), 3, ., colon.
Kolu-kolu, ind., innumerable (of
birds).
Kama (Eng.), 3, n., comma.
Kbma, .--/., to tie.
kbma boyunbla, to tie a bow.
kbma cweke, to tie a tight
knot.
kbm'ekobi, to embrace.
kbma liswe, to tie a knot.
kbma nkingb, to kill by hang
ing.
kbma nzbto, to hang oneself.
Koma, vt. , to cut, engrave, smite,
(with knife or cutting instru
ment.)
koma bondeko kwi, to make
blood - brotherhood,
make
friendship.
kom'ekoko ko-ko, to beat time
with anything producing sound.
Isoma mobeko, to enact a law.
koma monkana, to make an
engagement.
koma mpbta pab, to gash.
koma ndaka kwi, to make a
true promise.
Komana. . -. , to fight with drawn
knives.
Komba, vt. = kombela.

Kombambala, v./. = kombbmbala.

Kombela, vt., to edge a path. en
close by a fence, make a fence.
Kombele, ind., drawing oneself
along on stomach, standing
erect.
Kombele, ind., walking with an
undulatory motion.
Kombo, vt., to pare wood, plane,
' lombo.
Kbmbbmbala [kbmbbmbb], vs.,
to be erect, be perpendicular,
be upright.
Kombbmbala [kombbmbb], , .
to be bent (of sides of any
thing).
Kbmekela, vt. = kbmc'Ia.
Kbme'la, vt., to beat of head when
aching, peck (of fowl).
Konio, vin. , to be adequate, be ap
plicable, avail, be befitting, be
comfortable, be competent, be
eligible, be favourable, be fit
ting, be good for, be legitimate,
be mature, be perfect, be pro
per, be qualified, be right,
serve, be successful, be suitable,
be worth while, be worthy.
kbmo bokakbli, to be divisible.
kbmo bopasasali, to be malle
able.
komo bosonibwi, to be estim
able.
komo boyambibwi, to be credi
ble, be faithful, be reliable.
komo na (mbemba), to deserve
(reward).
komisa, vc., to accommodate,
adapt, adjust, amend, edify,
fit, fit up, furnish, make good,
make nice, nourish, perfect,
qualify, set right.
Komo, adv. = yengo.
Kombkomb, ind., immodest, with
out shame (said of eyes).
K6mornolo [kbmomo], ; ' - . , to be
docile, be meek, be melan
choly, be quiet.
komomolo na mawa, to be
penitent.

( 137)

KOMPA-KOTt

Kono (coHtiuiie/t).
kono tblo, to be afflicted with
sleep-sickness.
konisa, vc., to make ill, nurse
sick person, be intensely sick.
Konongana [konongo-konongo],
vs. , to hop.
Konongo-kbnongo, ind., wad
dling (of tortoise).
Konybla, vt., to tear off small
piece.
Kbnza (for kbnzia) [kbnzama,
konza], vt. , to run aground,
strand.
konza nzbto, to force oneself
violently into a place.
Kbngia [kongama, konga], vt., Konza, vt., to amass riches.
Kbnzbnzala [kbnzbnzb], /'.-., to be
to arch.
konga-konga, in. /., fallen on
deep in water (of boat).
the top of each other.
Kosa, vt., to be cruel to, be harsh
Kongele, vap. , to be civil towards,
to, maltreat, oppress, torture,
be courteous towards, be polite
treat unkindly, tyrannise over,.
torture, torment.
to.
Kongo, vt., to filter, sieve, sift, Kbsa-kbsa, / /. , fidgety, restless.
Kosb-kbsb, /// /. = kbsa-kbsa.
strain.
Kongo, vt., to pour out.
Koso-koso, ind., parched.
Kongo, 3, ., a kind of thorny tree. < Kbsbla, -'/., to cure, heal, make
Kongbla, vt., to cast or shed
well, recover from illness, save.
kbswa, vs. , to amend, be better,
(leaves), glance off (of an
arrow), hop, jaunt, itinerate,
convalesce, be exempt, get
skirt a shore (on land).
better, have immunity from,
kongwa, vs., to fall off (of
live (by), make a living (by),
be out of danger, be at peace,
leaves).
Kongolo, vt., to accumulate,
be safe, be uninjured, become
gather up little by little, gather
well.
up fragments, skim.
Kosula, /-///., to cough.
Kongolo, ///,/., alone, one, simple, Kbta, vii/., to be arduous, be aus
see also mpenza.
tere, be costive, be difficult,
Kongblblb, ind., too quick (said of
ferment, be fermented, be firm,
person carrying information be
be formidable, grow strong, be
fore knowing it properly).
hard, be imperative, be incle
Kono, vin., to creep.
ment, become intoxicating, be
Kono, vin., to be afflicted, ail, be
laborious, be lively, be malig
ill, be sick, be poorly, be un
nant, be muscular, be onerous,
well. This verb tahes as an
be relentless, be strong, be
object of further definition the
stubborn, be sturdy, be sub
name of the disease or the part
stantial, be unconquered.
kbtisa, vc., to embolden, estab
affected.
kono mutu, to have headache.
lish, nourish, strengthen.
kono nkitenge, to suffer with Kotingi-kbtingi, ind., tied round;
yaws.
with many strings.

Kompa (Kr. )/ 3, ., pair of com

passes.
Honda, vt., to reward, fee.
Kondela [kondisa], vi., to em
bark, get into (canoe), go
aboard.
kondela twaka-twaka, to em
bark in large numbers.
Kondlsa, vc., to embark goods on
board, lade.
Konga, vt., to control, gather to
gether to give instruction or
proclaim laws, govern, reign,
rule, tidy.
kbnga nzbto, to draw oneself
together (as in cold weather).

JCOTO-KULA

(''138 )'

Koto, vt. = kanga.

Kbto, 3, ., kind of fish known
more fully as liyanga ll koto.
Kotokoto, vs., to hoard.
Kotb-kotb, ind., deformed, rough
(of woodwork).
Kotbla, vt., to decamp from, get
offfrom, escape from, flee from,
get away from, play truant,
desert, run away from,
kotola bolombisa, to elope.
. kotwisa,' vc., to frighten people into running away, put to flight.
Kotbmbb, in,/., drawn up (of arm).
Kbtbmba, iv'., to curse behind one's
back, malign, scandalize, slan
der, speak against ; to blunt.
Kbtbtala [kbtbtb], vs., to be bent,
be shrunk, be square or round
(of shoulders), be hunched.
Kototolo [kototo], vs., to be nar
row, be constricted, be small.
Kbtotolo, vs. , to have colic (of ab. do/nen).
Kbtula, i'in. = kosula.
Kotwa, vs., to be aged, far ad
vanced (in time), grow old, beold, be senile.
Kotwisa, vc., to cover up so that a
thing may not be seen.
-kbu, adj., from ko.
Koye, vocative </kbl.
Ku, in,i. {used with kita, bwaka ],
headlong, with a thud, crashing
down (from a height). [geld.
Kuba mbanga, vph., to castrate,
Kubabala, vs. , to be bent (of back
or head), be close together, get
near.
Kube (Fr.), 3, n., cube.
Kubete (Fr.), 3, ., toilet basin.
Kubbla [kubu], vt. , to attack, be
siege, .beset, disturb, lay siege
to, overthrow, raid, sack.
kubbla mai, to stir mud up in
water.
kubbla mambi, to make full
confession.
lcubwa, vs., to jump back, be
impure, start backwards, be
turbid, leap (as fish in water).

Kubbla, vt., to cast (leaves), moult,shed (skin), skin, peel.

Kubu, ind., falling (into water).
Kuci (Fr. ), 3, n., couch.
Kuka, vin., to become .stale (of
palm nuts).
Kukela, vin., to fear to repeat what
has been previously said.
Kukia [kukama, kuka], ;-/., tocover up, bend down, put face
downwards.
kukama, vs., to lean over on
stomach, set (as hen on eggs),
lean over (of dilapidated house),
fall on face.
Kukbla, vt., to make a noise or
hubbub, put right side or faceuppermost.
kukbla lokuku ko, to make a
great noise.
Kuku, ind., last of all, exactly
(of decimal numbers only).
Ku-ku, ind. = kbu-kbu.
Kukulubumba, ind.,. each and
every one, every one without
exception.
Kukulu-kukulu, ///./'., roughly or
violently dragged along.
Kukumba (Eng.J, 3,.., cucum
ber.
Kukumisa, vt. , to stammer, stut
ter.
Kukuta, vt., to jostle, push against,
rub up against.
Kula, vt., to cause friction, rub,
chafe, scour, scrub.
Kula, vt., to be affluent, acquire,
gain, get, obtain, occupy, over
take, possess, procure.
kula bokono, to fall sick.
kula bosakb, to be energetic.
kul'etuti, to lodge.
kul'ezalela or mbbka-na, to
reside with.
kula ka, to get most.
kula llna, to assume name.
kula lotbmo, to serve, be of use.
kula lumu, to be eminent.
kula mbemba, to earn.
kula mm, to conceive, become
pregnant.

(' 139 )
Kula (continued).
' kula molbnzo, to be elated.
kula nkanda, to become angry,
get into passion.
kula ntina, to apprehend mean_ing.
:.
kula ntoko, to be skilful.
kula nzbto, .to become incar
nate..
'
i , '
' :
kulisa, vc., to enrich. ,
' ' kulela, vap. , 'to get into a scrape
or trouble.
Kulana, 'vsi , to came up (as when
a person follows another), en
gage in (mutual strife).
Kulangana, /'<., to disappear (of
scab).
Kulanta (Eng.), 3, ., currant.
Kule, in,l. = kulembe.
Kulembe, ind., bald, bare, sterile,
barren, cloudless.
Kulbla, vt., to clip off, lop off,
pass through hand to clean,
prune, fray, rinse, rub.
Kulubana, vs., to dig after others
have done so in hope of find
ing, flutter.
Kulukulu, ind., exactly (of deci
mals).
Kuluma, vs. = kilima.
Kulumba, vt., to move round, stir
round.
Kulumwa, vs., to act on partial
information.
Xulungu, ind., blunt (of point),
dull-pointed, pointless, short.
Kuma, vin., to come, emanate, re
sult, spring from ; to be wellknown.
Kumamala, i'/., to be crestfallen,
be downcast, be gloomy, be
glum.
Kumana, vs., to come into touch
or collision, be met, touch to
gether.
Kumangana, vs., to be rounded off.
Xumbia [kumbama, kumba,
kumbe],' vt. , to'bend (knees). '
kumbama, vs., to kneel.
Kuminya, vt., to espy, find, hap-"
pen upon, see. .
! ,r

<,

KULA-KUSA

Kiimbla, vt., to remove people or

dwellings from a town.
kumwa, vs.., to be abandoned,.
depart, emigrate, leave, mi
grate, quit.
Kunda, vt., to bury, inter, put into
ground.
kunda bocinzaka, to push
under.
.'
kunda nzoto, to lurk;
kunda mutu, to nestle.
Kundbla, vt., to remove entirely.
kundbla mbieli, to finish or edge
a knife after it has left the
blacksmith.
.kundwa, vs., to leave in a body.
Kundbla, vt., to discover, call to
mind, disinter, .find (hiddenthing), recover (lost article},
unearth. '
. '
kundbla mambi, to remember
matters of long ago, rake up
old affairs.
kundbla mot'b molbko, to call
a person to mind, remember
an old friend.
kundwa, vs., to come out of
hiding, be unearthed.
kundw'esenzako, to draw the
lot, have the lot fall to one.
Kunela, vt., to have criminal in
tention towards, envy, hate,
keep account of evil to an ap
propriate time for revealing it,
regard maliciously, be unfor
giving.
Kunga, vt., to collect, gather up,
levy.
Kunybla, vt., to be selfish about.
Kunybla, vt., to elbow a person,
nudge.
Kunza, vt. , to gather into a chaotic
heap without regard to kind,
huddle together.
Kunzbla, vt. , to make gray, dusty,
or slimy. Wind . is said to
make the skin of natives grey,
and the season of low water to
make elephants grey.
Kusa, vt., to file, rub violently.
-lease, adj., brief, shqrt, squat.

KUSE-KWE

Kusele, ind., exactly (of decimal

numbers).
Kusola [k/isu], vt., to bring out
in view, reveal.
kuswa, vs., to come to light, be
disclosed.
kuswisa, vc., to disclose.
Kuta, vt., to beat, beat (in speed
of work), castigate, chastise,
flog, scourge, thrash, lay severe
hold upon (of cold, sleep,
shame).
kutela mpio, to be very cold.
kutela nconi, to be greatly ashamed.
kutela ngoli, to be very sleepy.
kutisa nconi, to abash.
Kuta, vin. , to eat alone apart from
other people.
Kutela, vap., to cheat, defraud,
dupe, gull, hoax, illude, swin
dle.
Kutia [kutama, kuta, kute], -'t. ,
to devastate, make havoc, in
vert, lay desolate, lay upside
down, lay waste, overturn, put
face downwards, raze, ravage.
Kutinya, vt. , to deceive, fabricate,
falsify, impose, illude, lie, take
in.
Kutisa, .-'/. = kutinya.
Kutbla, vt., to dive down and
come up other side of anything
in the water, elude, turn right
side uppermost, turn face
uppermost.
Kutu, ind. = pbto.
Kutumba, vt., to cut with a blunt
knife, pester a person for pay
ment.
Kutukulu-kutukulu, ind. , blunt.
Kututala [kututu], vs., to be con
cealed, be cool, be flat down
(of hair or grass).
Kutwa. vs., to be deficient, fall
short, be imperfect, be inade
quate, be inconclusive, be in
efficient, be insufficient, be
mistaken, be partially severed,
run short, be short (of time).

Kutwa (continued).
kutwa nguya, to be abortive,
be incompetent.
kutw'b molbko, to be dis
heartened.
Kuya, vt. , to pull down (anything
which has been pushed or tucked
up) = sukbla.
Kwa, vt., to accept, get, receive,
take.
kwa monyango, to take for
nothing.
kwa mobosb, to go first, take
the lead.
Kwa, ind., asunder, split, fair (of
weather).
Kwakata, ind. , click, noise made
when trigger of gun is pulled
and the gun fails to go off.
ata be, kwakata, nkala, he
fired thus, click, miss fire.
Kwakibana [kwaki], .- .-. , to have
a propensity to steal (said of
heart). _
buta kwaki, to abduct.
busa kwaki, to pounce down
upon (of bird).
Kwakbla, vt. = yosolo.
Kwakbla, '/. = ybsbla.
Kwa-kwa, ind., quackingfof duck),
quick, afflicted with sores.
Kwali, ind., springing from one
thing to catch another.
Kwali-kwali, ind., dried up.
Kwama! intj., exclamation of
surprise.
Kwana, vs., to copulate, have
sexual or carnal intercourse.
Kwanganya, ind., gaunt, longlegged.
Kwangima [kwangi], vs. = kwakibana.
buta kwangi, to pounce down
upon (of animal).
Kwata, vt., to scratch.
Kwe ? adv., how many? how
much?
Kwekese, ind., feebly striking (of
gun hammer).
Kwe-kwe, ind., sarcastic imitation
of laughter.

Kwema ! inl/. = kwama !

Kwete, vt., to behead, cut down,
sever.
kwete mutu, to beheld, decapi_tate.
Kwetekele, ;-.'., to fish with torches,
striking fish when they are
observed.
Kwi, sud. = mpenza.
Kwi, ind. , near, firm (of making
covenants, promises).
Kwita-kwiki, ind., crowded close
together.
Kwi-kwi, ind., impervious (no
holes), rain-proof, waterproof
= bi-bi.
Kwinini, 3, ., quinine.
Kwisamakwa, ph., to eject semen.
Kwo, ind., safe (of hiding).
bbmba kwo, to mislay, mis
place.
pakema kwo, to be inextricable.
Kwoko, ind., stuck (with tungama).
Kwbkbtb-kwbkoto, in,1. = kbo- |
koto-kbokoto.
Kwo-kwo, ind. screaming (of
eagles), see kala.

Laba, vt., to throw sticky sub

stance.
Lababala, vs., to be very much
undersized.
Labasana, vs. , to wander about.
labasana na biloba, to talk for
a long time about all sorts of
things.
Lnbia [labama, laba], -'t., to ren
der invisible.
labama, vs., to be imperceptible,
be inscrutable.
I,abiti, 3, ., rabbit.
JLabbla, vt., to advance, appoint,
discharge (cargo), disembark,
dish up (food), land, ordain,
put ashore, put off (fire), re
move from one place or posi
tion to another, remove from
(fire), serve up (food), suffer

KWEMA-LAMBA

Labbla (continued).
with waterbrash (said of heart),
take out, unload.
labwa, vs., to get on shore.
labw'b ekoli or ebbkel'e mobali, to go to husband's place
of residence after marriage.
labwa mokonzi, to become
chief or king.
Laibana [laij, vs., to spring
lightly.
Laka, vt. , to appoint (a person his
work), counsel, direct, point
out manner of doing anything.
lakisa, vc., to advise, delineate,
display, indicate, instruct, pre
scribe, put up to, recommend,
shew, teach.
lakisa losai, to parade.
Lalcia [lakema, laka], vt. , to clog.
Lakubana [laku-laku], vs., to
move (of gills of fish), quiver.
Lala (for lalbla), vt. , to exagger
ate, increase (price), spread.
lala lililingi ll, to caricature.
lalwa, vs. , to burn in all direc
tions (of fire), be infectious,
permeate, pervade.
Laid, 3, n. =. bunu.
Lalbla, vt., to be extravagant with
(money), diffuse.
Lalbla, vt., to be extravagant with
(words).
Lamba, vt., to boil, cook, seethe,
smelt, stew.
lamb'ebale, to boil water from
river, which is sometimes done
by the fetish doctor who
throws into the water some
supposed medicine, and then
hands it over to the people
who have called him in to
help them, and these people
take it with them on their
journey to preserve the canoe
in troubled waters.
Lamba, vin., to dwell, sojourn.
lamb'b, to inhabit.
Lamba, vt., to be in ambush
against, anticipate, expect, lie
in wait for, watch for.
i

LAMBA-LE

( 142 )'

Lambalamba, <-..-. , to oscillate.

Lambambala, vs., to block up
path and allow no room to
pass, stand before something
to hide it.
Lambangana, vs. , to be filled up,
be levelled up.
lambinginya, -;-:, to let in or
into.
Lambbla,' 7'/t., to -fill up, level up,
oil all over, polish, preach,
proclaim, smooth.
lambola mobeko, to proclaim a
law.
-lamu, adj. , fortunate, good, propi
tious, right, safe.
Lambla, vt., to give out separately.
Landa, vin. , to creep up (of crea
tures and of venom in body),
glide, move along.
Landbla, vt., to divulge a secret.
Langa, vin., to be faint, be tired,
be weary. This tahes as an
object of further definition the
name of whatever is the cause
of the weariness, etc.
. langa lotbmo, to be weary of
work.
langa masanga, to be drunk.
langibwa tundulu, to be incur
able.
langisa, vc., to make dreary,
stupefy, surfeit.
langisa masanga, to inebriate.
langisa miso, to intoxicate.
Langa, vin., to acclaim, exult,
make a joyful noise, be merry.
Langalanga, ;'.-. = langatana.
Langalanga, i ' ' . , to be covered all
over (as ground with ants).
Langangala, , ., to be distant, be
or go far away ; be excessive
(of heat).
Langasana, .-' . = langatana.
langasana na masanga, to
booze.
Langatana, .' . , to . carouse, be
daring, make a display of one
self, make an exhibition of
. bravery, be full of pride, show
a brave front, swagger.

Langibana [langi-langi], vs., to

be brilliant, glisten, glitter, .
shine, sparkle.
Langbla, vt. , = nanola.
langwa, vs., to be fiery (of tem
per).
. :
Langu ['/>/., mangu], 9, ., leaf,
page (of book) ; in pl., foliage.
Langubana [langu-langu], vs.,
meanings intensive of those . of.
langa.
Le [same mahe the causative in vari-.
ious waysleisa, liisa, lesa,
but theform suggestedfor regu~.
lar use is lisa ; the passive has
also the modifications leibwa
rtw/liibwa ; but the one recommended is libwa], vt., to con
sume, eat, levy, partake of.
le biabu, to consume utterly. .
le bio-bio, to feast.
le biyembu, to graze.
le bokinzaka, to eat beyond.
capacity.
le na boula, to eat with un
washed hands.
le boyokbtana, to revel.
l'ekota, to levy blackmail.
le lltbndi, to eat to satiety.
le lobbngb-lobbngb, to eat with
out the customary preparation
of body.
le molenga, to debate, discuss,
gossip. . . , - .
le monyango, to levy duty, im
post or tax.
le monye, to wear abundance of
dress and decoration.
le mosblo, to impose or inflict a
fine.
le munya boyikaka, to eat with
closed lips.
le munya pole, to eat with open
mouth.
le mwele, to argue, contradict,
controvert, debate, disbelieve,
dispute, doubt, parley, question.
le ngandanda, to eat to satiety.
le zambo, to compel payment
for adultery.
lisa,c., to feed, nourish.

( 143 )
Ie, . - lelo. i .
Lcbana, i .. to be nearly dead.
Lebasarui, .. to be frantic, writhe
with pain.
Lebe, vt., to lament, mourn for.
Lebebelo [lebe-lebel, to be full to
the brim.
lebisa lebe-lebe, to fill to the
brim.
Lebelebe, vs. , to pace to and fro
.unable to rest on account of
agitated state of mind.
Lebese, ind., walking listlessly (as
a man without his stick or
, spear).
Lebolo, vt., to make soft and eat
able.
lebwa, vs. . to be faint from blow,
etc., be insensible, pour down
(of rain).
Lebolo, vt. , to free, let go, let off,
ilet loose, set down on ground,
set free.
lebwa, vs., to fade, fall (of leaf).
Lebwangana, .--.. to surfer with
gastric symptoms (said ofheart).
Lebwangana, .- '., to fade, fall (of
leaf).
Leibana, . ' . -- laibana.
Leisa, VL. = lisa, see le.
Lcka, vt., to beat, exceed, excel,
flow, get past, go by, lapse
(time), leak, pass, run, suffer
with diarrhoea (said of moi),
surpass, traverse.
. leka bokbti, to conquer, prevail,
surmount.

leka bolobi wb-wb, to be gar

rulous.
loka bululu-bululu, to pass in
crowds.
leka mangongu, to suffer with
salivation.
leka ncbnge, to menstruate.
lek'b mbisa, to get behind.
lek'o ntei, to pass through. .
leka tumbelele, to pass in con
tinuous line.
;
leka wali, to pass or elapse
silently._
leka wali, to elapse quickly.

Leka (continued).-.
loklsa. vc., to let pass, neglect to
do, omit, overlook, turn off. .
lekisa lotembe, to lay a layer of
grass on house.
lekisa mangongu, to salivate.
lekisa moi, to purge (by medi
cines).
' .
lekisa mokblo, to let day pass
without attending to promise,
etc.
lekisa mompandi, to go along
in funeral procession.
- lekisa ngala, to pass round thi
lobesi circle and win from all.
Lekakala [lekeke], ,- . . , to be stag
nant, be still, be subdued.
lekakala na likongo, to stand
still with spear poised, but not
attempting anything further.
Lekana, vs. [contrary to all rule,
no preposition is used after this
stative verb], to be beyond, go
. beyond, be further than, go
past, survive.
lekana mote'na, to die sud
denly.
lekinya, ve., to put beyond.
Lekekele. [lekeke], z/.r.,tabe laden.
Lekekala [lekeke], , ' . - leka
kala.
Lekbla, .- '/. .- leka. Lekola is
most used with an objective of
qtuility to denote a superlative
condition.
lekbla motuya, to be dear.
lekbla bolamu, to be excellent.
Lekolo, ,-/., to droop, make luke
warm.
lekolo likingb, to speak affec
tedly.
lekolo miso. to squint.
lekwa, vs. , to languish, be luke
warm, be pliant, be soft, be
tepid.
Lela, vt., to bemoan, bewail, cry
for, lament, weep for, whine,
whizz, yelp.
lela cwe-cwe, to squeal (of pig).
- lela na mawa, to deplore.
Lele, vt. , to nurse a child.

LELE-LENGA
Lelebana, vs. , to grumble, mur
mur.
Lella [leleme, laic], vt., to sus
pend, hang up.
Lelibana [leli-leli], vs. , to be ex
tremely thin (of flat things).
Lelima [leli-leli], vs., to swing.

Lembisa, vt., to await, remain,

stay for.
' lembisa mombbngo, to rest
from active trading.
tombbla, vt. , to act, affect, make
believe, feign, pretend, simulate.
lembola nzbto, to make oneself
Lelo, ., only used in adjectival
out to be.
clause, or with the noun usually
Lembu-lembu, in,/., soft through
qualified understood, to-day. A
preparation.
common use is lelo boye, this
Leme, vin., to be ballasted, be
ponderous, be weighted down.
day ; the full form is busa bo
lelo boye.
lemisa, vc. , to ballast, cumber,
Lelolo, vt., to embrocate, render
lade (a canoe), load.
insipid, be lax in, lubricate, ' Lemele, vin., to be a cripple, be
make lukewarm, smear (oil).
lame, be minus a limb.
lelwa, vs. , to be lukewarm.
lomisa, /-.-.. to amputate, cripple,
ijema, vin. , to be a fool or idiot.
deform, lame, maim.
Lemamala [leme-leme], vs., to Lemolo, vt., to cause to disappear,
be dejected, be depressed, be
conjure away, evaporate, prac
fearful of thing being found out,
tise sleight of hand,
be silent through fear.
lemwa, vs., to disappear mys
Lcmangana, vs. , to do something
teriously, vanish.
and act as though it had not Lenda, vt., to jerk, lug, twitch.
; Lcnclana, vs., to be persuaded,
been done.
Lemba, vt. = loko.
be tense.
[join.
Lembalemba, vs., to act covertly
1endinya, vc., to persuade, euwatching opportunity, be dila 1 Lendandala [lendendoj, vs., to
be bound (to do), be compel
tory, intrude, be remiss, be
slow in progress.
led, be compulsory, be under
Lembatana, vs. , to be lost in one
necessity, be constrained, be
place and be sought for in
imperative, be obligatory, be
another.
unavoidable.
Xembe, vin., to dangle, be less
lendandala na, to be incumbent
than the rest of the shares,
upon.
spread wings (as bird in sail
lendandala na llwft, to be fatal.
ing)lendisa lendandala, to force.
1embisa, vc., to blow about, Lendela, vap., to await, remain
dangle, sway to and fro, wave.
for, stay for, wait for.
Lembele, /,/., behind (of people Lend la [lendeme, lende], vt., to
following), drooping, hanging
tie loosely.
down.
Lenga, vin. , to aspire, desire, be
Lembelembe, vs. , to be drooping,
eager, hanker, be fervent, look
hover (as hawk), sway, be
expectantly, long intensely,
swinging.
yearn.
Lembembele [lembembe], vs., to
le'nga na mpbsa, to be ambiti
be inactive, be indecisive, be
ous.
sluggish, be plenteous (of fruit
le'nga noyeba, to be curious to
on trees).
know.
Xembesene, vs., to be dangling,
lengisa, vc., to captivate, soothe
sway to and fro, swing.
with a lullaby.

( 145 )

LENGA-LlBA

Lenga, vt. , to cut round anything.

Lengubana, -,- .. to pretend to
Lengangala [lengengej, vs., to
know.
be long (of neck).
Lenguma, ;-.'. = lengubana.
Lengangala, -'-. = lengengala.
Lengwa, ti. , to be still (not moving).
Lenge, .'in.. to quake, tremble, Leno, . '-- 1clo.
vibrate.
I Lenzenzala [lenzenze], vs. , to be
Lengele, vap., to backbite, betray,
drowsy, stare, wait at an ap
make false representations con
pointed place.
cerning another, turn traitor Lesa, .',- = lisa, see le.
towards.
Lese, vin. , to halt, stop.
Lengele, vt. , to adjust, arrange, Leswa, vs., to walk with hind parts
behave, dispose, dress (a
moving up and down.
wound), edit, fix (sewing), I Letetala [letete], vs. , to be insolu
institute, lay out, make ready,
ble.
make up, manage, order, pack, Letetele [letete], vs. , to be corpu
prepare, remedy, repair, set
lent.
right, sort, trim.
Leti-leti, ind., sharp,
lengele bolblb, to embitter.
-let u, adj., grave, heavy, impor
lengele mbekb, to be civil.
tant, impressive, ponderous.
lengele meya, to make a fire.
Li, adj., particle, siieif. class 9, pl.
lengele nasonga, to arrange in
class 5, 6. See Grammar,
order.
33, 34lengele nyile, to make peace.
Liali, //. - ; nkanda.
lengele sali, to prepare quickly. Liba (for libia) [libama, liba], to
Lengengala [lengele], vs., to be
block, sluit.
liba ngbe, to slam.
alone, be isolated, be solitary.
tike, lengele, to put alone, Libako, n. , order, orderly arrange
ment.
isolate.
Libaku, n. , ring for finger ; stubble,
Lengengala [lenge-lenge, le
stumbling block ; a turning up
ngenge], to be stagnant, be
at a fortunate time (said by
standing (of liquids in vessels) ;
person respecting himself).
be adorned, be handsome, be
; Libala, n. , marriage, wedding ;
nice, be pretty.
colq. word of address to re
Lengengenge, ind., long (of neck).
spected friend of opposite sex.
Lengesene, ;''..-., to go to and fro,
Libald,
n. = libalela.
come and go, bustle, frequent,
be less than the rest (of Libalela, n. , blade of paddle,
liver; colq., breadth, cow
shares).
Lenginya, vc., to embezzle, improardice.
Libali, . , prickly heat spot.
priate.
Libamba, //.. tender frond of
Lengbla, vt., to tempt, seduce.
molllo,
lengwa, vs., to be benighted,
Libana, ., farmstead.
be foolish, be ignorant.
lengwa na bongondb, to be Libanda, n., blood stain, spot.
Libanda, n., small lake entered by
incontinent.
a very narrow waterway.
lengwa na misb, to go astray
Libanza, //., accusation, blame,
attracted by what is seen.
Lengbla, vt. , to sever entirely.
charge, court, forensic cause,
Lengubana [lengu-lengu], vs. , to
judicial inquiry, lawsuit, pro
secution, remonstrance, re
be sweet, be treacherous.
proach, trial.
lengubinya, vc., to sweeten.
L

LlBA-LlBO

I46)

Libasa, ., fish-hook, hook.

Libata, //.. kind of fish, see
mba.
Libata, ., bald head, baldness.
Libateli, n., especial care, vigil
ance.
Libaya, n., board, plank.
Libe, n., horizon.
Libebblo, n. , cheap purchase, good
bargain, profitable sale.
Libeka, n., bird's breast of different
colour to other part of body.
Libeke, n., lake, ocean, sea.
Libeki, n., shoulder ; kind of bird,
pelican ; coli., broadness (of a
person), bundle (for shoulders).
Libela, . , hole, intrenchment,
moat, mortise, pit, socket.
libela ll llso, eye socket.
zbnga libela, to intrench.
Libela, vin. , to wash oneself.
Libele, ., breast, teat, udder ; fin
of nzombo, the anal fin.
libele biombolo, pendulous
breast.
libele lisute, fallen breast.
libele ngungu, large erect
breast.
Libele, //., displeasure.
Libele, n., mire, mud, slough,
muddy place, quagmire, slush ;
forest which is behind a village.
Libelemela, ., small indentation
of shore into which the current
of a stream carries anything
floating in it.
Libelenge, n. = motando.
Libelu, ., kola nut.
Libembe, ., bonfire, heap of rub
bish for burning.
Libenge, ., cloth worn by women
and fastened over hip.
Libenge, n. , intrenchment, moat.
zonga libenge, to intrench, con
struct a moat.
Libenge, n., end of canoe or ship
or boat.
libenge ll mbisa, stern.
libenge ll bosb, bow.
Libenola, n. , paddling of a canoe
by one man.

Libeta, //. , gambling.

Libete, n. , a stroke ; place where
current strikes the shore, tribu
tary; colq., a meal.
Libeya, n., cassava, skinned and
then steeped.
Libila, n. , oil palm.
Libiliki, ., brick.
banza mabiliki, to lay bricks.
Libinza, //. , tail of senga.
Libinzo, ., small worm found on
earthen floors which sucks
blood and causes much erup
tion (nkana).
Libio, ., kind of cane ; flute, fife ;
natives make a kind of flute
from this cane by heating it and
drawing off the outer rind ;
they make two holes for the
fingers at one end, and whistle
at the other end as one would
whistle with a key. .
Libisa, vc., to bathe.
Libitb, ., kind of black snake.
Libiu, ., calamity, catastrophe, de
struction, disaster, ruin, woe.
Liboba, ., friction blister, gum
boil.
Liboboli, /;. = lindika.
Libbke, ., large packet, bundle, or
parcel tied up at the mouth of it
as a sack.
Libbko, ., market, sale, space in
side a circle of people.
Libbko, //.. hearth, furnace, place
for burning anything; nation,
people, tribe.
liboko ll nkuka, blast furnace.
Liboko, ., altar, batch, confeder
acy, double handful, mass,
heap, pile, stack; ndj., alto
gether.
liboko ll minkana, library.
liboko ll nkobe, chest of
drawers.
Libbku, n. , concavity, dent, im
press, impression, matrix,
mould.
Libbla, v/. , to expose, open, take
off cover, unbolt, uncover, un
lock, unplug, unstop.

( 147 )

Libblaki, ., kind of small tree

bearing prickly fruit.
Libole, //. , ferrule, knob, protrusion
of spinal bones low in back.
Libolongo, ., knee.
Libolu, ., hard swelling near el
bow or knee, ganglion on
elbow, goitre, knot in tree.
Libbmba, ., hiding-place, refuge.
libbmba ll biloko, pantry, store.
libbmba ll mosblo, bank for
money.
Libomela, ., place where thread
is tied at end of sewing.
Libomi, ., detriment, disadvan
tage, downfall, loss, misfor
tune.
wa libomi, to lose in war, etc. ,
suffer loss.
Libbnda, //., lump, mashed pud
ding, rissole.
Libonda, ., welcoming gift.
Libondi, ., comfort, pacifying.
Libbndo, ., portion, share.
libondo ll bobbtibwi, birth
right.
libondo li boli, ration.
Libonga, ., colony, new dwelling
place, new home.
Ue libonga, to colonize.
Libongb, ii. , kind of fish.
Libbngo, ., bank of river, beach,
coast, shore.
Libongo, ., piece cut from coil or
cane.
Libongolonkbto, n., kind of ant
which is very large and biting.
Libono, n. , a jag.
Ubonza, //. = libonda.
Libonzi, //. , kind of bushy tree
which grows on river bank, has
leaves like currant bushes, and
bears red fruit ; in the part
where bushes of this descrip
tion are seen there is generally
deep water.
Libbta, ., brood, child-bearing,
offspring, generation, issue,
litter of young creatures, seed,
family ; colq. , affability, motherliness, leniency.

LiBO-LlBU

Libbta (continued),
libbta ll esubu, bearing of an
other child before previous one
is able to walk.
monkana mb libbta, genea
logy.
Libota, //. = llbonda.
Libota, i/., immature canine or
feline animals.
Libbto. ., fist, underpart of paw.
liboto ll mpwono, flannel belt
knot affected by women in their
dress.
bola libotb, to cuff.
yumba libbto, to clench the fist.
Libubu, n. , clap with curved
. hands, curved wave ; in pl.surge.
Libuka, ., kind of grass, papy
rus, reed ; kind of monkey
with. large white mane.
Libuku, n., kind of palm.
Libuku, n., kind offish (likbko).
Libula, ., flock, gang, gathering,
lot, people (as related to an
owner), population, slaves of
one man.
Ubula, . , bequest, heritage, in
heritance, legacy, testament
will.
Libulele, n., kind of large ground
bean.
I,ibuli, ., assembly, conference,
council.
Libulu, n., kind of fish, see
ebeye.
Libundu, n., kind of fish which
is at first called ebindi.
Libundu, ., town massed to
gether, and not in a long line.
Libunu, n., bay, curve, curved
road, indented land, zig-zag ;
in pl. serpentine form.
Libunza, '//.. bushy bush.
Libutaka, ., anything taken up
wholesale by hand, handful,
tuft.
libutaka li bato, crowds of
people.
libutaka li biloko, possessions.
libutaka li nzoso, fleece.

LlBWA-LlKA

( 148 )

Libwit, n., nine. When a person

dies his mourners count the
mourning days by nines instead
of the usual decimal method.
Li'bwa, K. , boulder, flint, percus
sion cap, rock, stone ; kind of
tree which furnishes hard and
white-looking timber.
libwa ll motuya or ncengi,
diamond, gem, jewel, precious
stone.
libwa li nkata, grindstone.
Libwabunda, /;.. heaving of water
(usually made, for instance, by
dying hippopotamus).
Libwete, . , cleavage of water.
Liciica, n., head of bone, joint, =
litongo.
licuca ll boyikaka, scarf in car
pentry.
Lle, ind., swooping down.
Li'eli'c. ., sweetness.
Lielu, . . flank.
Liese, it. - monkandi.
Liesu, . , bald spot.
Ligbu, . , kind of edible caterpillar.
Lilka, ., kind of yam, edible but
rather bitter.
Liindi, //., bad luck in fishing,
hunting, etc.
Liingo, n. , place for firewood,
stack of firewood.
Liisa, ', '. - lisa, see le.
Lhta, . = llyita.
Lika, vin., to be afire, burn, scald,
take fire.
lika bululu, to burn rapidly.
lika yube-yubu, to burn badly
or imperfectly.
likisa,.--., to burn, scorch, set
on fire, singe.
Likaba, . , leaf of ngongo.
Likabi, n. , cough caused by water
going wrong way in the throat.
Likabo. n., benevolence, charity,
donation, generosity, gift, liber
ality, present, munificence,
sacrifice.
likabo ll molika, alms.
llkabo ll bompoll or mpamba,
free gift.

Likabo (continued).
likabo ll ngblu, boon.
makabo ma molika, charity.
Likaka, ., foot, paw. At Bolobothis is also HICB.HM.likaka mulungu, club-footed.
Likakanyanga, ., kind of cray
fish.
Likakata, . , kind of fish ; kind
of edible fungus.
I,ikakola, //. , boat or canoe race.
Likalanganya, /!., small branch of
dead tree, twig.
Likalanyanga, n. , thin and emaci
ated person or animal.
Likale, n., jealous strife between
wives of polygamous husband.
Likamba, n., doom, infliction,
penalty, punishment.
Likambi, ., anything demanded
as a replace of an article broken
or lost, and cannot of course
be recovered.
Likambu, n. , sling for carrying
anything from the shoulder ;
in pl. a pair of braces, sus
penders.
Likando, ., crutch - montbngo.
Likanga, n., sun ; clock, chro
nometer.
Likangi, n. , sour smell of certain.
negroes.
Likangi, //., stick tied at end of
rafters of roof.
Likani, ., policy, prudence, rea
son, sense, soberness, tact,
thoughtfulness.
Likanza, //., hand, palm of hand.
likanza ll mobali, right band.
likanza ll nkoso, left hand.
Llkanza ll mata, uf'/., gun
rack.
Likasanga, //. , adventuresomeness,
audacity, fool-hardiness, venturesomeness.
Likn.su, n., brass basin.
Likataka, ., corpulencj'.
Likasi, n. , women's fringed dress.
Likata, //. = likanza.
Likati, ii. =

( !49 )
Likau, , affluent, branch road or
river, junction, place where
paths meet, tributary.
Likaya, n., tobacco, tobacco leaf.
likaya ll mongolo, cigar.
Lik5, ii., turkey red cloth, reel
baft.
Likebe, n., a small pot vessel.
Likei, n. , egg ; col]., delicate, fra
gile, frail, easily broken.
malblu, n.pl., white of egg.
molbko mb llUei, yolk of egg.
likeke, ., jag, notch, nick ; this
is often cut when asseverating
" if I do this may I die."
Likeke, n.. frond of libuku.
Likekele, ., head severed from
body.
lakekete, n. , carefulness of expen
diture, economy, thrift.
likekete ll loba, correctness of
speech.
Likele, n., bone at nape of neck,
described more fully as likele
li nkingb.
Likelo, n., blossom, flower ; in pl.
dross, scorie.
liso ll likele, pistil.
Likelekese, . , kind of thorny
shrub, mimosa, sensitive plant.
Likeleti, n. , grinding of teeth.
Likembu, ., gulp, dose of medi
cine.
I,ikeme, ., guinea fowl, whitespotted blue print.
Likenene, n., exorbitancy.
Likenga, ., circle, halo, hoop.
bozbngani bb likenga, circum
ference.
Likenge, n. , soothsayer's pot.
Likenge, n. = lokenge.
Likengeli, n. likengi.
Likengeto, //., batten, lath on
roof, spline.
kengitinya makengete, to tie
on splines.
makengete mabkengitibwa,
the splines are tied on.
I,ikengi, n ., caretaking.
Likengwa, n., banter, humour,
locularity, ridicule.

LlKA-LlKO

Likengwa (continued].
sokbtana na likengwa, to be
Likesi, .. ankle.
[jollylokwa lb likesi, ankle bone.
likesi ll ntblo, breast bone.
Likenzeke, n., kind of stone,
rough conglomerate.
-llki, prepositional enclitic with the
same meaning as -zube but
with the added meaning ofpast
time.
bilokb billki mondele, things
which belonged to the white
man.
While -mba is not usually used
before a pronoun, -liki is in
common use with a pronoun,
biloko billki yeye, things
which belonged to him.
Liki, /w '/ indefinite oftheverb to be,
which becomes liki when used
as the past defsuite.
Likia, v/.," to anticipate, expect,
hope for, look forward to, be
sanguine.
liki'elika, to entertain a hope,
be hopeful.
Likako, //., a jag.
Likinda, ., planted stick or tree
which is regarded as a fetish to
protect property ; kind of
native cloth.
Likindi, n., aroma, pleasant smell
(of food).
Likindb, //., beating of time.
Likindo, //. = lokindo.
Likingb, ., voice.
kasbla likingb, to sing loudly.
lekolo likingb, to speak affect
edly.
kangbla likingb, to speak up.
Likb, n., plantain.
Likbba, //. = zombi.
Likoba, //., cushion, poke, sack,
soft pillow.
likoba llsanda, bolster.
Likbka, ., crowd, striped baft.
Likbka, ., intelligence, prudence,
reason, tact, thoughtfulness,
sense, wisdom.
likbka ll yindola, forethought.

LlKO-LlKU

( 150 ;)

Jjikoka, ., capability, equalness to

task, sufficiency.
Likokinyaka, a., elbow.
Likbko, n. , hide, skin of animal.
Likbko, ., .kind of fish of several
varieties which agree in having
3 minto. The names of the
various varieties are /
likoko ll lipiti.
likbko ll libuku.
likoko ll lingungu.
likoko ll mandoko.
likoko ll mboka.
likoko ll moleke.
likoko ll mompembe.
,
likoko ll nkamba.
likoko ll ngoi.
likoko ll ngubu.
Likokblb, ., freeboard, part be
tween water and top edge of
side of boat.
Likbla, vt., to discover one's wife
committing adultery.
I,iko-li-ebalc
[/;. mako-maebale], n., kind of plant, wild
arrow-root, leaves of which are
used to roast fish in.
Likolinginya, //., elbow.
Likolo, n., shell of snail.
Likolo, ., place above, heaven.
likolb lokutu, heaven is trouble
some, said when rain falls at
an inconvenient time.
bono likolb. to be poorly
(woman's phrase).
Likbkblb, n., play.
Likbmakoko, //., kind of bird,
woodpecker.
Likombi, n. --- bolombisa.
Likombo, n., joiner's plane.
likombo lI lambola, smooth
plane.
likombo lisanda, trying plane.
likombo ll matanda, moulding
plane.
likombo ll mpbkblbkb or
mpbkblb, rabbet plane.
likombo ll ntei, jack plane.
likombo ll tima, plough plane.
Likombo, ., fungus,. mushroom ;
asthnaa, bronchitis.

Likombo, ., basket hilt, handle

(of jug or shield), trigger guard
(on gun).
Likomboko, n. - likombo.
Iiikbnda, n., fee, prize, premium,
reward.
Likonga, ., leaf; in pl. foliage.
I,ikbngi, ., government, tidiness.
Likongo, ., lance, spear.
lekakala na likbngo, to stand
still with spear poised.
Likongo, n. , house of chief, gener
ally hip-roofed.
X,ikongo ll molio, ph., stiffness of
shoulders.
Likbnd, ., angle, corner, head of
bone, by some = nkbmbe.
Itkdno ll ekekene, hip.
likono ll ekbngbngo, shoulder
blade.
likono li botunu, obtuse angle.
likono li mpia, acute angle.
Likosi, ii.., handcuffs, iron fetters,
manacle, shackle.
Likbswa, ., salvation (stafive),
immunity, recovery, relief,
safety.
Likbta, ii., dried ncinga doubled
up.
Likoto, ., kind of fishing fence
which is drawn together to
imprison fish, narrowing street
either side nearly meeting at
one end.
Likbto, //. --. nyama.
Likdto f/Y. bakoto], n., pock
mark, smallpox pustule.
Likoto, ., clap of hands.
Likuba, ., forge, smithy.
Likuku, n., hole made by fish
under tree roots, contrivance
of mats at doorpost of house
within which various articles
are kept, doorpost casing.
Likukumisa, a. , stammering.
Likula, n., arrow.
Likiila., ., a possession.
Likulu, K. , small portion of fish
under the price of one rod.
Likulu, ., confederacy, conjointness, unitedness, sameness.

LiKU-LlLO

Likiimba, ., bend of river, etc.

Likimda, ., nail of finger cut
down to J inch of quick.
Likundu, . , stomach ; in pl. gib
lets. If a human being is
' found to possess this it is said
to have been given by bewitchery, and to have caused the
death of the person.
Likundu, ., burying-place (of
money or of eggs of crocojlile).
Likuiigola, n. , kind of plant.
Likum, ., kind of crayfish.
Likunzi, n. , kind of mason bee.
Likusa, n. , rear of house.
Likuta, n. , basin-like pot.
Likutia, n., hatch in bow of boat,
part between nkukia and
ekumbi.
Likutu, n., skin filled with fetishes,
sign that the owner of it is
ngang'c likutu.
Likwabela, a., giant.
Likwako, n. , spokeshave.
Likwakwa, //. . eso.
Likwantali, //., kind of edible
le_af.
Likwei, n. , decapitation by means
of bent tree.
Likwete, . , clearing of forest for
gardens, a cutting down.
iiila, vt., to await, remain for, stay
for, wait for.
Lilako, ., case (of knife), recep
tacle, scabbard, sheath ; guest
(the guest's name for himself).
Lilako, n., advice, counsel, direc
tion, instruction, prescription.
Lilala, n., citron, lime, orange.
Lilalima, i:,. - limalima.
I,ilanga, n. , euphorbia.
Lilanga, n., nonspeakableness of
enemies.
Lilangi, ., drunkenness ; alcohol,
spirit.
Ulangwa, ., kind of fish, kind
of fish-poison.
T,ilata, n., place enclosed on river
. bank for steeping cassava roots,
= libana.
. .

LilS, //. , a meal.

llle ll noako, breakfast,
me li nzanga, dinner (noon
meal).
. . '
lile ll mpbkwa, supper (evening
meal).
Lilu, ., prospect, view, wide land
or waterscape.
Lileba, n., kind of clay used for
making melting pots and black
smith's funnels.
Lilebb, ., lamentation, mourning.
Lilebb, it. = molebo.
Lileka, ., wide expanse of flowing
water.
Lileke, n., waist.
lilekc ll mompende, ankle.
Lileki, ., knowledge of folk lore,
wit, witticism ; tale-telling,
telling of private matters.
Lilela, n., kind of poisonous yam.
Lilelembe, . , kind of eagle very
fond of land fowl.Lile-lile, ii/d., walking in water
above the thighs.
;
Lilembe, ., kind of fish.
Lilembo, n. , fall of loin cloth from
point where tied in bow or
knot.
Lilenga, //., tuneful voice.
Iiilenge, i/., pumpkin.
Lilengii, n., blister, gum-boil.
Li-li, ind. , boundless, extending
everywhere, immeasurable, un
bounded, vast, infinite.
Lillalingi, . = lililingi.
Liliba, ., place for drawing water,
well, by some = lilata, placeto steep biula.
Lililingi, n. , illustration, likeness,
photograph, picture, portrait,
reflection,
representation,
shadow, similitude.
lililingi li bolalaka, caricature.
Lilinga, ., circle or ring of people.
Lilita, n. liyita.
Lilo, n., prickle, spine, thorn.
Liloba, ., saying, speech, word ;
land of leaf used for wrapping
up cassava bread.
Lilobo, n. libasa. ...
'.:

LlLO-LlMU

( 152 )

Ulbki, ., something which a moloki is said to put into a per

son.
Lilbko, ., deepness of water,
depth.
Lilbkb, n. , double drinking vessel.
Liloko, ., kind of bird, heard at
time of mpela ; floating.
Lilbla, vt., to warm over the fire,
char, toast.
Ulblb, ind., free from greyness of
skin which frequently is the
condition of the natives.
Lilomba, ., kind of bird.
Lilomba, ., small enclosure usu
ally round a plantain where
the leavings of food of a woman
recently confined are thrown.
Lilombb, n. = zombo.
Lilondb, n., link of a chain.
lilbnga, ., kind of snare or
trap.
Lilongia, . , long range of
weapons.
Lilongo, n., dish, plate, tureen.
lilbngo ll nzabango, soap dish.
Lilongo, ., drop of blood.
Liloto, n., dream.
Liliisu, ., aperture, breech, cut
for palm wine, hole, leak, per
foration, pore, rent, slit.
lilusu ll esau, nipple of gun,
touch-hole.
lilusu ll londongo, = zblo ll
londongo.
lilusu ll neabi, key-hole.
lilusu ll zblo, nostril.
Iama, vt. , to buy on credit, sell on
debit.
Iamallma flimalima], vs., to be
adumbrant, be faint (of image),
be indiscernible, be indistinct,
glimmer, be obscure (of reflec
tion), be shapeless.
T.I mi inn fl^ n

Limba, vt., to fail to, foiget, lose,

neglect to do, omit, pretend.
llmb'ebeka, to commit incest.
limbisa, .--.., to forfeit, lose,
miss.
Umba, ., binder of gun.

Limballmba, ;'..-., to be forgetful.

Llmbamba, ., large hat of
feathers.
Limbana, vs., to be forgotten, be
lost.
limbana pi, to be extinct, lost
hopelessly.
Limbange, n., kind of tree.
Llmbembele, ., kind of fishing
trap.
Limbobe, ., spider.
Limbobe ll nkotb, upl/., kind of
scorpion.
Limbbko, n., a. he-goat.
Limbbla, vt., to adduce, assure,
demonstrate, interpret, prove,
solve, verify, vindicate, vouch.
limbbla lokuta, to falsify, re
fute.
limbbla ntina, to signify.
limbwisa, vc., to remind.
Limbbmbbli, //., butterfly, moth.
llmbbmbbli ll mcbmbe, kind
of wasp.
Limbula, . , kind of gnat.
Llmbwanga, n.. spiral anklet.
Limela, i-.'//. = tillma.
Limengi, /;. , anything glowing (as
red-hot iron).
Limete, n., ball of camwood pow
der ; kind of knife.
Limimala, vs., to be still and only
outline clearly observable.
Limio, ., rain or dewdrop.
Limisa. vc. llmnrlsa.
Limoi, ., evening confab.
Limole, n. = lirowe.
Limongi, ., sadness.
Limpaka, //., large abscess.
Limpaka, n., protuberance on
crocodile's back, lice sore on
person's head ; in pl. scaldhead.
Limpinga, ., countless or vast
multitude, host, innumerable
number, legion, myriad.
Limpbmbo, ., kind of tree.
Limputa, . , gown, mantle, robe,
large cloth worn over shoulders.
LlmuUc. . , small cassava bread.
Limungb, . , sarcasm.

( 153)
Limunya, . , kind of fish ; sen
T.lmnnye, //. -_- llmunya. [lbbesi.
Limwa, vs. , to be blown out, be
extinguished, be quenched,
fade, set (of sun).
liniwisa, vc., to blow out, ex
tinguish, put out (light),
quench.
Limwamwa, . = lototoku.
Limwe, ., diffused light, incan
descence.
IAna.\ p/. mina], g,. , name, noun,
term ; colq., superiority. /
ashing a person's name the
natives do not use the interro
gative what (nde) but who
(na), llna ll yo na ? //'/. who
is your name? mina ma
bangb bana ? who are their
names ?
clamb'e llna, superior cloth.
mwetc mo lina, timber, good
wood.
Linconco, n. , brass chair nail.
Linda, ., wire.
liada litelu, brass wire.
linda liyindo, iron wire.
Linda, -'in.,
to disappear,
founder (of vessels), go out
of sight, plunge, search (in
water), set (of sun), vanish.
linda biabu, to be lost hope
lessly.
linda bblblo, to sink (in mire).
linda moncongi, to dive.
lindisa, vc., to inundate, put
under water.
Undambiti, ., stickiness; in pl.
as ndj. plastic, sticky, viscid.
Lindenge, //. , kind of bird, variety
of kingfisher.
Lindika, n., kind of grass.
Lindbla, vt. , to draw out of water.
Linddlinga, ., kind of rubber
creeper.
I,indolunga, n. .---. lindolinga.
IJndbmba, ., kind of edible eggfruit, the leaves of the plant
are also eaten = loto.
Llndondo. n., drop of molten
metal, shot, small bullet.

LlMU-LlNGK

Lindbngo, //., kind of rubber

fruit.
Linine, n., belly below navel,
cicatrix on belly.
ntin'e linene, groin.
I<inga /,'v lingia [llngama, linga],
vt., to bandage, bind, coil, en
compass, fold, furl, pack, put
round, wind, wrap, wreathe.
ling'ekobi, to embrace.
linga lilinga, to encircle.
linga ndembo, to put bird-lime
round anything.
linga zb, to encircle.
Linga. vt., to desire, like, love,
wish.
lingUa, vc., to assent to a per
son's wish, allow, endear, give
leave, permit.
Lingai, ., frenzy, insanity, lunacy.
kabwa lingai, to be crazed, be
mad.
Lingalinga, i '..-.. to dally, dawdle,
be dilatory, be delayed, loiter,
meander, be remiss, stay.
Lingamba, n., scalp.
Linganza, ., salute in dancing,
the dancer dancing in front of
the one he salutes.
Lingata.na, vs., to be complicated,
be complex, be entwined, be
intertwisted, be muddled, be
ravelled, be tangled.
Lingato, ., kind of cassava which
perished at Lukolela in 1896,
but is now found at Bolobo.
Lingatu, ., kind of cray-fish.
Lingbanda, ., cloth worn through
legs, bathing pants, baby's
napkin.
Lingele, n. , kind of small fishing
trap.
Lingeli, n. , kind of fish, crested
guinea fowl.
Lingembwa, ., spring of gun.
Lingembwa, ., dog-headed bat,
parasol, sunshade, umbrella.
Linginge, n., small nail, tack ;
clap of hands in lisongo.
Lingengele, ., short roll of cas
sava bread.

( 154 )
Lingia, ., kind of fly.
Lingibana, vs., to be tvvirled in
something (as a cloth in
water).
Lingika, n. = lindika.
Lingila, ., iron rattle.
[cate.
Lmginya, vc., to muddle, equivoLingb, pron. yd sing, in class
9 ; ^rd pl. in classes 5 and 6.
Lingo, ., tiny thing (appearing
tiny on account of distance). :
Lingol, n., a walking without
creeping first.
Lingbku, ., kind of frog.
Lingbla, vt. , to disentangle, un
coil, unfold, unravel, unroll,
unwind.
Lingble, ., kind of sand bird.
Lingolo, ., muscular ability, phy
sical force, strength, vigour,
violence.
Lingolo, n. , mango ; derived from
hearing mango and supposing
that mango is a plural. '
Lingbmba, n., assembly, church,
congregation, synagogue.
Iangome, pron. reft, yd sing, in
class 9 ; . yd pl. in ciasses 5
and 6.
Lingondo, n. , biting of lip through
vexation.
Lingongo, ., kind of broad leaf;
epistle, leaf (of book), letter,
note, sheet of paper.
lingongo ll bilumbo, label.
lingongo ll elembo, ticket.
lingongo ll mituya, bill, ac
count, invoice.
lingongo ll mutu, postage
stamp.
lingongo ll nciingo, newspaper.
lingongo ll ngenzenzalu, card.
lingongo ll yomisa bokbbo,
blotting paper.
Lingongolo, n. , fruit of tree used
to make insect powder.
Lingbngblb, . , kind of plant.
Lingonyo, //. = longele.
Lingoti, //., coil, spire of a spiral
spring, a turn of. anything
coiled, thread ol screw, twist.

Lingbtb, //., kind of Hee giving

soft and white timber.
Lingunda, .. crowd.
Lingundbmbele, ., used only in
anger, dumpy, short and fat.
Lingundu, ., medium hypertro
phy of scrotum.
Lingungu, n., kind offish, variety
of likbko.
[head.
Lingwala, ., hairpin with broad
Lingwanda, n. = lingbanda.
Lingwe, ., speck of grit.
Lingwete, n., dagger.
Linkambu, //., pulp of palm nut
after expression of oil, sponge.
Linkanda, /.. = longbmo.
Linkembi, n. bonkembi.
Linkbnkbmbi, //., kind of edible
fungus.
Linkutu. n., dwelling in camp on
verge of battlefield, encamp
ment.
ngunzama linkutu, to bivouac.
Lino [ /'.'. mind], 9, i/., fang,
prong, reed (of instrument'),
tooth.
bukbla or kete lino, to knock
out a tooth.
busa mind, to bite.
lind ll bota, hammer of gun.
lino ll ekeku, molar tooth.
lino ll mobali or ndondb, incisor
tooth.
yika <'/' yimba mind, to clench
the teeth.
Lintaka, . , tadpole.
Lintole, //., kind of fungus.
Lintolinga, . = lintoni.
[spot.
Lintoni, //., dot, freckle, mark,
ta lintoni, to dot.
Lintwantuma, //., dejection, peusiveness.
Linyenge, ., bog, marsh, swamp.
Linyd, ., worm found in back
bones of fish and about ham
strings of monkeys.
Linyoko, . = bokoto.
Linyuka, ., plantain leaf after
being rubbed soft used for
towel, wad for gun or cart
ridge.
, ,

( 155 )
Unzanza, ., bath, bucket (metal),
can, canister, tin, tin vessel,
white metal.
linzanza ll mobembo, canteen.
linzanza li 11101 mo ndako.toilet
pail.
ndungu ll linzanza, cistern (of
galvanised iron).
Linzcke, ., red berry which
grows on libonzi ; when un
ripe it is bruised to make black
dye, when ripe it is skinned
and used as bait in bird traps.
Linzoi, ii. , kind of plant with scent
like musk ; smell proceeding
from civet cat.
Linzonbblo, /.-.. kind of tree.
Lipa, vt., to coat, enamel, gild,
lacquer, plate, seal with seal
ing wax.
[terror.
Lipaki, i/., alarm, fright, panic,
Lipako, ., fork of tree, notch cut
in end of stick.
Lipambu, //., kind of fruit which
is red and acid.
Lipana, //. , mansion, houseof chief,
palace.
Lipandu, //., buttress of tree.
Lipapu, //., wing.
Ijipapusa, i/. , kind of bat. '
I,ipata, n. , cloud ; blur, smudge.
Lipata, //.. pillar, pile, post of
house, stake driven into
ground, stick.
lipata ll mabwa, column.
lipata ll ntondb, kingpost.
Lipeke, i/. , kind of palm which
furnishes fibre for thread.
Ijipepele, ., manner of wearing
cloth high to one side and low
to the other.
Lipeta, ., pronunciation.
Lipetc, i/., stain.
Liplti, n., kind of fish, variety
of likoko.
Lipoma, n. , turning up at a most
fortunate time (said by people
of a person who comes along
at a. time when meat is being
divided, etc., the person him
self speaks of it as libaku).

LlNZA-LiSA

Lipondo, ii., dried plantain leaf,

leaf used in the preparation of
one kind of enemata.
Lipongi, i/., clyster, enema.
Lipopa, . = liboba.
Lipopela, n. = limputa.
Llpopbko. n. = lipupuku.
Lipuka, . , puberty, power to
conceive, sexual maturity.
Lipulele, //. , method of wearing a
cloth.
Lipulu. ., large garden bed.
Lipulunkoi, /,-., kind of trade
cloth, trade handkerchiefs.
Lipupuku, ., kind of bat.
Lipupele, ., kind of edible plant.
Lisa, vc.,fro/n le.
Lisaba, ., ground covered by
water.
Idsaka, n., clap.
Lisako, /:.. clap.
Llsakambanza, /.. - esakambanza.
Lisala, //.. feather.
masala makou, down.
Lisala, ., cultivated land, farm,
garden, employment, work to
be done.
Lisanga, //., double rattle of bas
ket work like dumb-bell in form,
covering of funnel on steamer,
head-gear of fencer.
Lisanga, //.. enclosure and house
of a secret society in Mpama.
Lisangolankema, //., kind of
caterpillar with poisonous long
hair, stings like nettles, and is
said to kill monkeys.
Lisangu, u. , cob of corn, maize or
wheat.
llsangu epope, blasted ear of
maize.
llsangu ll monyeke, green, soft
' maize.
lisangu ll nkbnzo, full ripe and
hard maize.
l,isano, n, , game, play, toy.
Lisasaku, . - llsasamba.
Lisasala, //., fin.
Lisasamba, ., armpit, axilla.
Lisasankenge, i/., kind of fish.

LISA-LISO

( 156 )

Lisaii. i/., fashion in story telling

or dance.
Lisau, . , a grass swamp.
Liseba, ., work of tending palm
trees.
Llseke, n., calabash used in diy
cupping, kind of gourd, horn.
Lisekete, ., dense forest.
Lisekum a, n. , gasp.
Lisele, ., grade, raising of leg to
ward opponent in lisongb.
lisele ll boyengiaka, gradient.
I,isele, ., backbiting, calumny,
sarcasm, traduction.
Lisele, ., kind of non-edible fungus.
Liselenge, ., kind of fish.
Lisembe, . , hoof.
Lisembe, n., plateau, flat plain,
level ground, plain, table
land.
Lisengela, i/., disease of lips said
to be given by witchcraft.
Lisenza, . , kind of rubber creeper
which has large fruit having a
very thick skin.
Liseseku, ., hiccough.
ta liseseku, to hiccough.
Lisibo, //., pain in throat from
swallowing a very hard sub
stance.
Lisike, . , kind of squirrel.
Lisiko, n., rate or time in dancing,
paddling, or singing.
Liso [//. miso], 9, n., eye, mesh ;
colq. , powerful vision ; delegate,
emissary, representative.
anga na liso noteki, he has an
eye to sell, said when seller
positively refuses to sell under
price at first asked.
ebal'e llso, inside of eye.
lekolo llso, to squint,
libcla ll llso, eye socket.
lisa empweti [pi. miso binipweti |, empty eye socket.
llso ll likcle, pistil.
liso ll londongo, point of needle.
liso ll mpbta, centre of sore,
proud flesh.
liso ll nkamba, screw of striker
of gun.

Liso (continued).
llso llbtela, bloodshot eye.
liso lisanda, clear eyesight.
liso mondondolj or montentei,
eye in which pupil is white and
blind.
llso motenganaki, cross eye.
liso moto - liso - moto, dusk,
gloaming, twilight, 6 to 6.30
p.m.
llso ntendi, cat's eye, eye in
which pupil is white and
blind._
llso pelb, eye suffering with
cataract.
llso pbto or kutu or mpombi,
blind eye.
lombolo lb llso, eye-ball.
miso bbli-bbli, staring eyes.
miso bongosonu, sunken eyes.
miso kesese, sleepless eyes.
miso komb-komb, immodesty,
unashamedness.
miso ma ndeke, lattice work.
miso mbongo, sunken eyes.
miso mpbkb .-.- miso mbongo,
miso ndeke, game with string,
cat's cradle.
miso te, awake.
miso ti, sane.
miso yetete, clear eyesight.
miso zbngb, zbnga or zo, gid
diness, inattention.
mpas'e liso, outward corner of
eye.
mpes'e liso, mucus from eye.
ngangbla miso, to stare.
ntin'e liso, inside corner of eye.
Lisbba, ., inconstancy, noncontinuance in any qunlity.
bolingo bb masbba, love that
has failed.
Lisoi, n., dandruff, scurf.
Llsoi, ., backbiting.
Lisbko, n., apartment, chamber,
room.
llsbko ll ekambela, cell.
lisbko ll kila, closet.
llsbko ll mobutu, guest-cham
ber.
Lisble, n., kind of bird.

LiSO-LlTK.
Lisolo, n., fish-spearing, fish-spear
ing place.
Lisolo, ., conversation, dialogue.
Lisblbkb, . , crook, hooked-stick,
shuttle, shuttle-stick.
Lisololo, ., jet or spout of water.
Lisblbngb, ., assegai, dart.
Llsomba, n., crest on heads of
certain fowl as lokolrmga,
lingeli, bolcamba; paddling
together.
Lisombo, .. sparsely inhabited
district, town nearly empty.
Lisombo, //., a purchase.
Lisongeleke, n., narrow strip of
grass land running into forest.
Lisongb, ., kind of dance. A
ring is formed by those who
take part in it, each dancer
claps (mangenge) and rolls
hips (cikinya bikili), one
leaps into the ring and lifts his
leg (bwaka lisele) towards
his friend and turns to return ;
the friend thus greeted dances
to another and so on round the
ring ; this style is called
bobasola. When each takes
turn in order, the one opposite
to the dancer replies to the
next to the first ; this style is
called bonzo-bonzo. When
the circle is divided in sides (i)
batambwisi ba ngala and (2)
bayekii, the batambwisi leap
forward in turn and the ba
yekii answer in turn and pass
round each motambwisi to
return ; this style is called
ncenco.
Lisongu, ., bud, early blade or
shoot, immature leaf, seedling.
Lisono, n., document, record, scrip
ture, writing.
Ijisota, n., hat of feathers generally
worn by warriors = monzinda.
Lisule, ., kind of yam.
Lisulu, ii., drumstick.
Lisumba, n., cock's comb, style of
hairdressing in imitation of a
cock's comb.

Lisunga, ., gathering of soldiers.

on battle-field before being put
into array.
Lisusa, ., pounded palm nut--.,
poultice.
Liswe, ., knot, knot in tree.
llswe ll boyunbla, bow (knot).
llswe ll lilombb, slip knot.
Liswende, n. , large ankle bone
= epango.
Lisweswe, n., duck, goose.
Lita |/)/. mita], 9, ., litre.
mililita, 3, millilitre.
sentilita, 3, centilitre.
desilita, 3, decilitre.
dekalita, 3, decalitre.
ekotolita, 3, hectolitre.
Litaki, ., bough, branch of tree,.
spoke, tendril,
mwa lltaki, stick, twig.
Litalri, ., breadth, width.
lltaki ll likanza, hand's breadth.
Lltama, //. , cheek.
litama bukukalu, large cheek.
lltama motatalu, hollow cheek.
litama
engekete,
dimpled
cheek.
Lltambe, ., footprint, footstep,
pace, pawmark, step, stride.
bwaka lltambe, to pace, step,
stride.
lltambe ll ngubu, a kind of
water plant, also purslane.
Litanda, ., ceremony, copy, ex
ample, fashion, form, manner,
method, mode, model, pattern,.
style ; in pl. formality.
litanda ll miotb, constellation.
Litangi, n., blot, drop.
Lite, ., disobedience, wayward
ness.
Liteke, n., exorbitant price.
Litela, n. , brass anklet or bracelet.
Liteiia, n., near way, short cut
when banks are overflowed at
high water.
Litengu, n., bar (of wood or iron)
for sinking holes in ground for
posts, crowbar, stake, tentPegLitetele, . , frond of libuku.

LlTE-LiU

( 158 )

Litetele, ., kind of plant bear

ing red blossom, leaves of it
are used as an escharotic.
Liteyo, n. , doctrine, sermon,
teaching.
Liti, //., darkness.
Litimba, ., eddy, whirlpool.
litimba li bweta, large and
violent whirlpool.
Litimi, ii., attention, attentiveness.
litimi li loba, eloquence.
senga litimi, to be listless.
Litina, . , whole piece of cloth, 4,
5, or 6 fathoms.
Litindi, ii. = etindi, heel.
-lito, adj., grave, important, heavy,
impressive, ponderous.
Litbba, ., protruding navel.
litbba li molangi, false bottom
of bottle.
Litbbe, n., kind of rubber fruit.
Litobekela, n. = litotobela.
Litbi, n. , ear ; colq. , hearing,
litoi engulu [ //. matoi bingulu],
place of cut off ear, earless ear.
litoi llsanda, ear quick to detect
distant sounds.
matbl ma mobala, hilt, guard
of sword, etc.
matoi nkinda, deafness.
matoi nkinki, good hearing.
Litbka, . = likuku.
Litoke, ., kind of shrub, from
the black-spotted leaves of
which a kind of fish-poison is
made, a part of the shrub is
also used to prepare an aperient.
Litbko, ., mat of makaba, mat
tress.
elamb'e litbko, carpet.
Li tbko, K. , ladle, spoon ; place
from whence drinking water is
drawn.
litoko like, tea spoon .
litoko li masbtu, shovel, spade.
litoko ll mokwa, salt spoon.
litoko ll mwete, wooden spoon.
litoko line, table spoon.
litoko line ll subu, soup ladle.
litoko ll ntei, dessert spoon.
litoko li subu, soup spoon.

Litbmba, ., advantage, benefit,

emolument, gain,. good, profit,
usury ; putting of leg across
bedfellow.
Litbna, n. lintoni.
Litondi, n., giving of thanks,
gratefulness,
" thankfulness,
thanksgiving.
Litbndi, i/., fullness.
Litbnga, //., building.
Litonga, //. , sewing.
Litongi, n. , back-whispering, node
of grass, etc.
Litongo, n., ball of joint, knuckle.
lltongo li likanza, wrist.
Litbpe, kind of rubber fruit.
litbpe ll noambo - - lindolinga.
Litotobela, n., blister.
Lituba, n., invention.
Litubo, ., perforation, puncture,
piercing, rupture.
Lituka, //. , oppression, overtask
ing, slavedriving, torment,
tyranny, unmerciful treatment
of workmen by employer.
Lituku, . , rheumatism, sciatica.
Lituli, . , forge, smithy.
Litumbu, ii., kiln, oven, pottery
or brick furnace.
Litumbu, ., immature animal,
young creature.
litumbu li ngampango, kitten.
litumbu ll ngombo, calf.
litumbu li ntaba, kid.
litumbu ll mbata, lamb.
litumbu li mbwa, puppy.
litumbu li mpunda, , ' .. foal.
litumbu li nkosi, etc., cub.
Litunginya, ., abscess, boil.
Litungu, ., mouth of a bolbko.
Litungulu, i/.. onion.
I,itusU, //. = lilusu.
Ijitutu, . , hump, swelling.
Litutu, ., small calabash, pow
der flask.
Litwaya, //., diaper, towel.
lltwaya li munya, napkin, ser
viette.
litwaya like, pocket handker
chief.
Liululu, n. zululu.

( 159 )

Liiian, /,-. = lilusu.

Liwa, n., death, mode of death.
liwa ll su, narrow escape.
senga liwa, to be deathless.
Liwalala, ., kind of edible fun
gus.
Liwali, ., mealymouthedness,
perfidiousness.
Idwata, ., kind of anklet of
twisted brass and usually with
three rings.
Liwele, ., dead person.
Liwese, n. = liyese.
Liya, ., floating cobweb, gossa
mer.
Liyaka, ., kind of white bead.
Llyanga, n., kind of fish, see
ebeye.
liyanga ll kbto, kind of fish.
Idyanza, ., .c,;,; Nyambe.
Liye'bisa, ., inscription, monu
ment, notice, text, title, topic.
liyebisa ll liwe'le, epitaph.
liyebisa ll nongo, index.
Liyei, ., slap given on body.
Liyelcu, n., ignorant assent 'or
dissent.
Liyelimisa, ., moving shadow.
Liyese, n. , abnormal condition,
abortive attempt, anomaly,
error,
failure,
grievance,
. heresy, immoral act, incon
sistency, malformation, mis
deed, mishap, wrong ; in pl.
immorality, injustice.
senga liyese, to be infallible.
Liyeye, n., kind of grass.
Iiiyeyele, n. , beam or ray of light
generally coming through a
hole, gleam.
Ijyeyeli, n., apparition, delu
sion.
Liyika, n. = liika.
Liyindi, . = llindi.
layingo, n. = liingo.
Liyita, ., grave, sepulchre, tomb..
Liyoi, ., irony.
Liyolo, ., small cicatrix on abdo
men.
Liyoyoko, n., bump from mosquito
bite.

LlU-LOBA

Liyumbwa, ., bounce, bound,

flight, flying, jump, leap,
spring.
Liyuta, ., compensation, pay
ment, reimbursement, remun
eration, satisfaction of justice.
Lizamali, //., kind of blue bead.
Lb, adj. particle, sing, class 6, IO.
See Grammar, 33, 34.
Loako, . , kind of wooden bowl.
Loasa [//. ndwasa], n., low
wooded ground covered at
high water.
Loasi [//. ndwasi], ., eighty.
Loba, vt., to assert, pronounce,
say, speak, fire or go off (of
gun).
loba be-be, to bleat.
loba bolombisa, to speak softly
or quietly.
loba kititi-kititi, to hesitate in
speaking.
loba kwa-kwa, to quack.
loba na, to consult with.
loba na litimi, to be eloquent.
loba na mpwempwe.to whisper.
loba ncoi or ntei bosanzabana,
to splutter.
lob'b ne'e moi, to speak inaudibly.
lob'b nkako e lltbi, to whisper
into the ear.
lobasana, wee., to confer, con
sult, interview.
Lobalaka, ii,. enclosure, fence,
railing, wall.
lobalaka lb bisasaki "/' miete,
hedge.
Iiobali, n., despondency, distrust,
fear.
[cloth.
Lobamba, ., waistband of native
Lobambe, ., monitor lizard.
Lobanda, ., ridge of earth.
Iiobanda lb elunza, nph. thun
der-clap.
Lobande'mela, //., kind of plant,
kind of green tree frog.
Lobanga, ., testicle.
Lobangu, n., dispatch, expedition,
quickness, rapidity, rapid pace,
speed, swiftness, velocity.

LOBA-LOBO

( 160 )

Lobanze, ., side of body, flat side

of blade of knife.
Lobanzi, ., midrib of any frond.
lobanzi lb lltubo, batten inside
of walls.
Lobasi, n. , dart, pointed stick used
as arrow but not feathered.
Lobebu, n., lip.
Lobela, n. , loud call.
Lobele, n., something connected
with the liver, sweetbread.
Lobesi, ., counter in the game
of lobesi, button, palpitation;
kind of fish which is at first
limunya.
The game of lobesi is usually
associated with gambling ; 6
counters (mbesi) are used by
each person playing ; one side
of the counter is light (nkei)
and the other dark (mpili<,
two throws are allowed ;
the stakes (ndbngo) are taken
when in both throws either
the counters fall dark sides up
(mpili) or light sides up
(nkei) or three each colour
up /misb masato). The per
son putting down the stakes is
called mobeti 6 ndongo, and
such stakes when taken are
called <IH. The circle of
players is called ngala. The
second throw of the counters
is called bopuli. The clap
which follows the throw is de
scribed by the verbs kbba and
cele.
Lobete, n., blow (with the hand),
hour.
Lbbi, ., to-morrow, yesterday.
Observe that lobi by itself
generally means to-morrow ;
busa bo lobi always means
to-morrow ; lobi with past
tense of verb, yesterday.
lobi bbnya, to-morrow.
busa bbliki lobi or bbliki bo
lobi, yesterday.
Note that lobi cannot be used in
narrativefor the day previous,

Lobi (continued).
or for the morrow ; b bosi>
bo ntongo, on the day previous,
na mbis'e ntongo or yeso 6
ntongo, on the morrow.
Lobibi, n. , mother and small fry of
noinga.
Lobiko. ., constancy, continuity,
duration, eternity, long age,
longevity, long period, perpet
uity.
lobiko lb bwa, immortality.
Lobila, //., palm nut, fat near tail
of catfish.
Lobilimo, . , quaking from fear.
Lobo, -'/. = basa.
Lobobe, n., caul, cobweb, hoar
frost, mildew, mould, scum,
spider's web, verdigris.
mbobe ll mai ma niabole,
cream.
mbobe ll mpib, frost.
Lobbbb, ., abdomen, belly.
Loboko, //., arm, fathom ; colq,,
skill in hunting or aiming.
kanga maboko, to fold the
hands.
loboko bosali, thieving.
loboko engulu, stump left after
amputation of arm.
loboko lotongb, empty-handed.
loboko lo mobali, right arm.
loboko lo nkoso, left arm.
Lobbkb, ., bank of earth, dyke,
terrace, filled up hole.
Lobbku, n., breech (of gun), glen,
gorge, ravine, vale, valley.
loboku lo ntbngu, abyss, chasm.
Lobbla, ., seldom used except as an
expletive when it = likolb.
Lbbolo, vt., to boast, brag, recount
one's great deeds, triumph,
vaunt.
Lobolo miso, vph., to begin to be
angry.
Lobblbkb, n. , chiefs compound.
lobblbkb lo nkumba, constella
tion not yet identified.
Lobombb, n. = lombombb.
Lobbngb-lobbngb, ..''/., common,
inappropriate to occasion or

161
Lobbngb (continued).
standard, ordinary, unholy, un
prepared.
Lobono, . , scene, vision.
mwa lobono, glimpse.
Lobonza, //., wound on scalp.
Loboto [lobotu] , vt., to ascertain,
examine, inquire, investigate,
make research.
loboto lobotu, to be inquisitive.
Lobutu, n. = bobutu.
Lobwa, ., kind of leopard.
Lobwabbta, ., kind of small
bird.
I,oca, n. = losele.
Loco, n., added quantity over
measure, extra quantity.
Lcende, n. , kind of cooking pot.
Loenge, n. , bewilderment, dis
traction.
Jjoi-loi, ind., dark and shining (of
colour).
Lcinya [pl. mpinya], ., matter,
pus.
Lbka, vin., to splash about unable
to swim.
Loka, vin., to corrode, rust.
Lokaka, n. , kind of fish.
Lokaka-ngbli, nph., cluster or
clump of ngbli.
lokakata, n. = engwangosa.
Lokako, i/. nkako.
Lokakola, n., chapter, a division.
Lokala, n. , over-reaching one's
share, selfishness.
Lokala, n., mat or fishing fence
made of midribs of palm, spline
mat.
lokala l6 mpolbla, spline mat
made with splines wide apart.
Lokalamba, n., sobriquet for
eseu.
Lokalwalb miso, nph., clairvoy
ance, vision.
Lokambakala, ., kind of ant.
Lokana, ., eruption, itch, kind
of skin disease.
Lokanda, n. , ridge of plants.
Lokanga, n., root.
Lokanga, n., kind of bird.
Lokange, ., kind of fish.

LOBO-LOKI

Lokangola, ., fibre of palm nut.

Lokiini, //., graspingness, greed,
selfishness.
Lokanyb, //., expletive.
Lokanza, n., ache, pain.
Lokanzu, n. , piece of firewood.
Lokasa, . , small basin.
Lokaso, n., freak, impudence.
Lokasn, n. , bean, kind of nut.
Lokatako, n., retentiveness.
Lokeka, ., inside of mass of cas
sava flour when first boiled.
Lokeketi, . , anguish, concern,
dismay, distress, dread, fear,
tribulation.
Lokeko, ., kind of cane.
Lokeko, n., model.
Lokela, //., an action, deed, in
stance.
Lokele, n. , kind of river oyster.
Lokelete, n. , kind of red fruit.
Lokelo, //. , wooden funnel.
Lokendo, //. , a going.
Lokenge, ., side, edge of knife
blade.
lokenge lb botunu, back and
blunt edge of knife blade.
lokenge kbbkbtb-kbokoto,
rough edge.
lokenge lb mbisa, back side.
lokenge lb mpia, sharp edge of
knife blade.
lokenge lb mobali, south side.
lokenge lb nkoso, north side.
na nke'nge libale ll mpia,
double edged.
Lokenge, ., whiskers on side of
face.
Lokenye, n., wake of boat, ship, etc.
Lokesu, ., cough.
Lokiki, ., eyebrow; colq. = monzinda, frown.
Lokili, . , round stick put in canoe
to elevate goods from bottom,
roller.
lokili lb eika, axle.
Lokilo, n., disobedience, doggedness, durability (of cloth), in
subordination, refractoriness,
refusal, rejection, tardiness.
lokilo lb wa, tardiness in dying.

LOKI-LOKU

( 162 )

Loki-loki, ind., rusted, etc.

Lokinclo. //., noise of stamping.
Lokmo, n., frowardness, heartlessness, indifference, insubordina
tion, obstinacy, refractoriness.
lokino bmbe Nyambe, godlessjiess.
Lokinya, n., egg of various bur
rowing insects.
Loin so. n., maggot, = eyanzi.
Lokito, n. , peculiar mouth of
certain fishing traps to prevent
egress of fish.
Lbko, vt., to bewitch; fester,
gather.
Lbko, 3, ii. , kind of tree, kind of
fungus which destroys palms.
Lbkb, //. , deafness.
Loko [pl. ndoko , //. , fog.
Lbkbkb, ind., distant, far.
Lbkbkb, ///,/., staring.
Lokbkwa, // . , gray and rough con
dition of skin.
Lokbla, //.-= loleuge.
Lbkbla, vt. , to answer yes, yes,
with surliness to everything, be
churlish towards.
Lokole, //. = nkole-nkole = mpbkblb.
Lokolo, vt., to emulate, enquire
particularly so as to recognise,
observe carefully so as to know
how to do.
Lokolo, //. , cock's comb.
Lokblo, n., kind of basket in which
Mpama people sell cassava
roots.
Lokolo, n., leg.
lokolo engulu, stump left after
amputation of leg.
lokblo lb esci, tax on articles
taken from conserved ground
or water.
makolo ma ncengi, long bundles
of camwood powder,
makolo mimbole, knock-kneed.
yakema makolo tangangalu,
to straddle.
Lokbloko, n., kind of fruit,
Lokblbli, ., snore.
Lokololo, vs., to be calm.

Lokolunga, n., kind of bird,

blue gray, plumage yellow,
body chestnut ; touraco.
Lokbma, n., cicatrix, cut, tribal
mark.
Lokomo, n., banana.
Lokbndb, ., suspension of growth,
unproductive land.
Lokbndo, n., partiality.
Lokondb, //. =.-_- lobanze.
Lokbndbkolb, ., kind of small
ant with a nasty odour.
Lokongi, ., hymen.
Lokongia, ., eyelash.
Lokbngo, n., hoe; in pl. propel
ler.
lokbngo lb bibwele, plough.
Lokbngbtb, //. -- lokbndbkolb.
Lokbsa, n., kind of creeper, the
middle bark of which is used
for rope-making.
Lokbsb, . , kind of itch disease ;
cruelty, tyranny.
Lokosu, ., cough.
Lokbta, n., dialect, language.
Lokoto, n., living on others, not
caring to spend one's own
money, miserliness, parsimony.
Lokbtu, n. , cough.
Lokuba, ., dirty habit of eating,
gluttony.
Lokubana, vs., to retch (said of
moi).
Lokubola, n., shedding of skin.
Lokuku, n., clamour, commotion,
dm, fuss, outcry, hubbub,
noise, sound of many voices ;
kind of drum.
Lokukutu, n. , any large creature.
Lokulu, n., iron struck by flint in
flint-lock gun, steel (in flintLokumu, n. = lumu.
[lock).
Lokumu, n., kind of tree.
Lokunza, //., bristle.
Lokusu, i/. lokisb.
Lokuta, ii., fallacy, falsehood, lie,
untruth.
Lokutu, n., flogging, sleepiness
after repletion.
lokutu lb likanga, weariness
from sunheat.

163
Lokutu, n., gnat, mosquito.
Lokwa, n. , bone ; colq. , heaviness.
lokwa lb mobanga, jaw-bone.
Lokwako, ., abusive murmuring
against a person, anathema,
kata lokwako, to murmur in an
abusive manner.
Lokwankimdu, //., kind of edible
fungus.
Lola [lbli-loli], vin., to be aflame,
blaze, flame, flash (of gun).
lolisa, vc., to blow fire, make a
blaze.
Lolanga, . , acting contrary to ad
vice, heedlessness.
sima lolanga, to be sorry good
advice was not taken.
Lolanga lb libala, /////. , method
of marriage in which husband
gives a spear as a sign of
contract instead of bringing a
middle-man ; the spear is re
turned on demand of dues
from either side,
Lole [//. nzole], n., beard, awn of
corn, fowl's wattles.
ldle kebu-kebu, bushy beard.
Lolemia, n., hiddenness.
Lolemu, n., tongue.
lolemu-lo-ngoiigbli, kind of
non-edible fungus.
Lolenge, n., attribute, brand,
breed, class, climate, com
plexion, condition, feature,
form, gender, identity, in
stance, kind, medium, plight,
predicament, position, quality,
race, sort, species, state,
variety, welfare.
kakola lolenge, to classify.
lolenge loko, identicalness.
na lolenge loko, homogeneous.
na lolenge lo-moto-lo-moto,
differing in kind, dissimilar,
distinct, diverse,heterogeneous.
Loleso, ., blabbing of secret, cre
dulity.
Lolia [loleme, lble], vt., to put
down (wings or umbrella),
shut up (of leaves of sensitive
plant).

LOKU-LOMBO

Lolika, ., palm kernel.

Lbli-lbli, zinl. , protruding (of eyes).
Loli-loli, ind. from lola.
Lolimo, n.= lolenge.
lolimo ete, like as, such as.
lolimo ete nde, just as if.
Lolomanaka (Eng.), n., almanac.
Lblomwa, vs., to talk irrationally.
Lolonzi (K. ), . , clock, timepiece.
lolonzi lb misako, alarum.
Lblwa, vs., to bray, bellow, growl,
howl, roar, snort, yell.
Lblwangana, vs., to be lusty, rave,
roar excessively.
Lbma [//. nzoma], //., arrogance,
base desire, cheek, evil inten
tion, fault, impertinence, im
pudence, proposed wrong do
ing, wilfulness.
Lomamala, vs. = lomomala.
Lombalo, n., layer, leaf of book,
lap, flap.
na mbalo libale, double.
Lombangampiko, ., kidney.
Lombelenge, //., kernel of nut
grown on a kind of creeper.
Lombelenge, ., afterbirth pain.
Lombo, vt. , to allure, attract, be
guile, coax, decoy, draw away,
enchant, ensnare, entice, fasci
nate, induce, inveigle, lull,
seduce, snare, woo.
lombisa, vc. = lombo, to lie in
wait, make love to, move
stealthily, waylay.
lombisa biloba, to act quietly,
speak softly.
lombisa wa-wa, to go cautiously.
Lombo [pl. nzombo], n. = eyomboli.
Lombo, !i. = eswaka.
Lombbbe, n., kind of cane grow
ing on dry land.
Lombola matbi, vph., to excite.
lombwisa matoi lombb-lombb,
to excite.
Lombolo, n., berry, fruit, nut,
seed = mombolo, a grain of
salt, etc.
mbold ll boso, first-fruits.
Lombblu, //., fruit of bobolu.

LOMBO-LONGI

( '64 )

Lombbmbala [lombbmbb], vs., to

avoid trouble, live alone, re
side alone in exile.
Lombombb, ., boring fly, nerve
of incisor tooth, toothache in
such teeth.
Lombombolo, vs., to be covered
with weeds.
Lombota, ., bug.
Lombuma, //., fruit more fre
quently of an inedible kind.
Lombwambuli, //., kind of edible
caterpillar.
Lombwi, ., gray hair.
Lomeko, ., dimension, gauge,
long measure, size.
Lbmbla, vt. , to bring to light, de
tect, disclose, discover, find.
lbmwa, vs., to come to light, be
disclosed, be discovered, be
detected, be found out.
lbmwisa, vc., to convict, dis
close, find out.
lomwibwa, i'p. , to be convicted.
lbmwasana, vrcc., to discover
each other in similar condition
or act.
Lbmomala [lbmbmb], vs., to be
wary.
Lomonyi, n. , indolence, laziness,
sloth, slowness in work, slow
pace.
Lompompo, . , sough or blast of
wind.
Lomunga [,'/. miunga, 11 1. .,
kind of red fruit.
Lomwa [col. mamwa], //., fearfulness (of a palaver).
Lomwanga, //. , shudder.
Londclengi, ., artfulness, cant,
deceptiveness, dissimulation,
double-dealing, duplicity, guile.
senga londelengi, to be guile
less.
Londeu, n., great crowd, large
multitude.
Londimba, //. , sewing or weaving
fibre ; cotton, thread, wool.
londimba lb nzbso, worsted.
mokuswa mo londimba, bob
bin. spool.

Londlsa, vt. , to follow after.

Londo, vt., to inform, tell (words).
londele, vap., to tell, inform (a
person).
Londbmba, ., skin of electric
fish's stomach.
Londondi, n. , snap of the fingers.
Londongo, n., needle.
londongo lb mutu, pin.
Londulenge, n. , male white ant,
male termite.
Londwa, i/., edible plant, pot
herb.
Lbndwa, vs., to bob up and down,
bounce, bound, gallop, prance,
rebound.
Lbnga, vin., to be acquitted, be
appropriate, be appropriately
clothed, be free from responsi
bility, be innocent of charge,
suit, do well.
longa wolblb, to be entirely ac
quitted, be declared fully inno
cent.
lbngisa, vc., to acquit, declare
innocent, pronounce free from
guile, justify.
Longa, n., generally described more
fully as ne'e longa, nether
region, hades, sheol, under
ground.
ne'e long'e ndako, cellar.
Longangala, vs., to be cautious,
be discretionate, go straight
(without deviating) to end of
journey.
Longele, n., brass rod varying in
length and quality and thick
ness at different places, and
used as the currency of the dis
trict.
Longele, -t. = lengele.
Longia [longama, longa], to do
as bidden.
longi'b molongo, to put in line.
Longimisa, vc., to come silently,
stalk an animal, go softly, hunt
cautiously.
Longito, n., noise of something in
motion (as pattering of feet or
crackling of thorns).

LONC.O-LOPE

Longo, -'/. = longolo.

Longo, vt., to put too many things
into canoe.
Longo, prau. yd sing, of classes 6
and 10.

Longo [ //. ndongo], n.= lokani.

Ldngbbana, vs., to be agreeable,
be applicable, be appropriate,
behave, be circumspect, be
convenient, be decorous, be
fitting, be lawful, be legitimate,
be normal, be proper, be regu
lar, be respectable, be right.
longbbana na mibeko, to be

legal.
longbban'bmbe Nyambe, to be
devout.
longibinya, vc., to civilize, fit,
regulate.
Longbla, vt.,; to abstract, deduct,
dispel, dispose of, eliminate,
remove, overhaul, subtract,
take away, take off, take out.
longbla nguya, to disable.
longwa, vs., to be absent, de
part, fall away, get away, go
away, get out (of canoe), quit,
sift, vacate.
[cede.
longwa wali, to withdraw, selongwisa, vc., to dismiss, expel,
put away, send away.
Longbli, n., kind of cane which
grows in marshy places, tooth
brush.
Longolo, vt., to escape (as fish
from trap).
Longblo, ind., small (of eye).
Longo-longo, ind., dark and good
(of drinking water), nice
(smeared with camwood pow
der and oil).
Longombi, //., banjo, fiddle, guitar,
harp, mandolin, piano, violin,
any stringed instrument.
Longtime, pron. refl. yd sing, of
classes 6 and 10.
Longomo, ., kind of drum.
Longongo, //., kind of plant with
very large leaves.
Longono, vs., to crowd into a
canoe beyond its capacity.

Longonyi, n. lomonyi.
Longungi, //. = lokutu.
Longu-longu, ///'/., apparently of
a certain sort, nice outside
bad inside, outside goodness.
Longuya, . , kind of running
plant.
Longwango, n. , kind of women's
dance.
Lonkengo, ., kind of small bird.

Lonkinya, . < lokinya.

Lonkongo, . - monkongo.
Lontbti, i/. , kind of small ant.
Lonua, n. , draught (of water).
Lonyilo, n. , well-kneaded condi
tion.
Lonybku, ., large population,
possession of a large number
of people.
Lonyonyoko, //.. kind of ant.
Lonzali, .. claw, fang, nail, talon.
Lonzeke, ndj. , bandy-legged, bowlegged.
Lonzolo, . , grain of sand.
Lonzembe, n., hair of moustache,
antenna, feeler of insect.
Lonzembu, n. , herb, plant, weed.
Lonzenze, n. , bush with edible
leaves called boi bo bonzenzo.
Lonzusi, . = bonzesi.
Lonziko, n. , young cassava leaf.
Iionzo, n. , an abomination, bilious
ness, disordered stomach.
LonzoL . , kind of bee which
makes honey called boi.
Lonzokb, ., arachis, earth-nut,
ground-nut, pea-nut.

Lcbnza, //. = loybnza.

Lbpa, vt., to avoid a threatening
punishment.
Lopakatbi, ., temple (of head),
cicatrix on temple.
Lopambb, . , bursting of a leaf on
hollow made by the hand ;
bursting of blown bag.
Lopambo, n. , kind of worm used
for angling.
Lopanda, n., twist of hair.
Lopanza, ., ornament of brass
worn just above the brow.
Lopeke, n. , kind of fish.

LOPE-LOSWE

( 166 )

Lopenzenzu, ., kind of cock

roach, which is a great enemy
of cloth.
Lopepa, n., small waist.
Lopese, i/. , fish scale.
Lopesesu, . , cockroach.
Lopete, n., hard palm nut, leaf
of a shrub used to feather
small arrows, feather (for
arrow).
Lopita, . , passover.
Lopolo, n. , scrotum.
Loponde, n. , kind of fish.
Lopbnza, ,-/. lobasi.
Lopose, ii. , kind of hairy maggot
from decayed palm tree.
Loposi, ., sole of foot.
loposi lb likaka, instep.
loposi lb likanza, palm of hand.
Loposo, n., skin, epidermis, husk,
shell, chaff.
Lopulu, n., foam, lather, scum,
spawn.
Lopumbu, ., bit, particle, speck,
tiny portion.
Lopupu, ., folly, foolery, foolish
ness, vain thing ; in pl. vanity.
Lopusa, ., leaving, fragment of
food left over, seed of pumpkin
or gourd.
Loputani, //. . . lotbngo.
Loputu, ., fold.
Lopwepwe, n. , kiss.
Losai, ., arrogance, conceit, dis
play, haughtiness, ostentatiousness, parade, pride.
Losako, ,/-. streak across sky at
sunset ; stripe ofcolour smeared
on various parts of the face and
limbs before taking the first
meal of day.
Losako, . , clap ; greeting to
chief; col]., pardon me ! (said
on making a mistake).
Losanga, ., barb, splitting of
stick.
Losango, n., incident, item of news.
Losanza, . . kind of covered
basket.
Loseba, n., shell of cartridge, case
of cartridge, whistle of steamer.

Loseba, ., cassava root, boiled,

cut up, and steeped over night.
Loseki, n. , glowing, occurring in
phrase bus'6 loseki, day about
.5 P'mLosele, n. , kind offish.
Loselele, n., white ant, termite.
Losende, //.. splinter, thorn.
Losendu, //. mosendu.
Losengi, ., line of sparks from
anvil when fresh heated iron is
beaten.
Losese, n., frond of libuku or
molilo.
Losete, ii. , dissatisfaction after
repletion, fastidiousness.
Losibd, n. , hair of elephant's tail.
Losilango, //. , driver ant.
Losilo, ., destruction, ruin, ter
mination.
Losinginya, n. , allegory, analogy,
illustration, metaphor.
Losisa, //.. flea, louse.
Losisu, n. = losusu.
Loso, n., rice.
Loso [//. ndoso], game in which
pieces of palm midribs are
sprung against pieces of the
midribs of plantain fronds.
Losoi, n. = llsoi, kind of skin
disease.
Losoko, //. , nut from bosoko, tee
totum.
Losomba, n. , fringe, long paddle.
Losombele, n. , kind of fruit.
Losondo, //. , snap of fingers.
Losondo, .-/.. leech, kind of tribal
mark cut between eyes.
Losonga, ., kind of long and
cylindrical fishing trap.
Losonono, . , gnat, kind of small
mosquito.
X.oKoSo. /;.. sting.
Losunge, /-.. kind of bird, sunbird.
Losuku, -/. , hat of skin.
Losusu, n. , bulky appearance of
persons with clothes or forest
with trees.
Lcswa. ., border of cloth.
Loswe. ., hair.

LOSWE-LOYO

Loswenge, n. = losunge.
Lotanga, //., reading.
Lotanga, n., flow of blood, etc.
Lotebn, ., razor, lancet.
Lotei, ., baby, infant in arms.
Lotela. ., ripe plantain.
Lotembe, n. , layer of grass on
roof.
Lotemi, !/. , need, requiring, want.
Loteno, n., bore (of gun), dimen
sion, gauge, long-measure,
measure of length, rule, ruler,
size.
loteno lb bilembo, marking
gauge.
loteno lb boketeke, cutting
gauge.
loteno lb botemisa, plumb rule.
loteno lb kolongo, set square.
loteno lb mabela, mortice
gauge.
loteno lb sole, bevel.
loteno lb talatala, glass gauge.
loteno ld T (te), T-square.
loteno lb yingia semba, square.
Lcti, ., piece cut off dog's tail,
docked tail ; kind of small
shell.
kete loti, to dock a tail.
Loto, vt. , to dream.
Lot d, ., piece of native woven
cloth.
Lbto, n., kind of skin disease,
leucoderma.
Loto, vin. , to be mellow, moist (of
ground), be soft.
lotisa, vc. , to enfeeble, macerate,
moisten, mollify, soften, weak
en.
Loto [pl. ndbto], n., membranous
covering of wasp's nest, mem
branes of womb, chrysalis.
Lotoko, . , eyelid.
Lotbmbo, n., kind of small cala
bash.
Lotomo [coll., matbma], n., call
ing, craft, employment, func
tion, industry, profession, pur
pose, task, trade, use, utility,
work.
Lotbngo, n. , partnership.

Lotbngo (continued).
puta lotbngo, to join in part
nership.
moning'd lotbngo, colleague,
partner.
Lotongo, n., cockcrow.
Lotbno, n., denial.
Lototi, . , occarina, kind of small
bird.
Lototia, //. = lototi.
Lototo, //., spark.
Lotbto, n. , corpulency, fatness,
obesity, stoutness.
Lotbtbku, . , bubble.
Lbtotolo, vs., to be fat (of flesh).
Lototu, ., crown of head, fontanel.
Lbtubana [lbtu-lbtu], v,. , to hop
as frog.
Lotuka, n. , piece of cassava root
steeped and peeled.
Lotulu, //. = montulu.
Lotungia, ., spear with two
barbs.
Loulu, n. = lopulu.
Lowasa, //. ._. loasa.
Lowata lb nce, nph. , earthquake.
Lowato, n., breathless impatience,
quickness.
Lowulu, n. = lopulu.
Lowundola, ., kind of creeper
used to prepare an aperient.
Loyako, //. loako.
Loyambako, ., receptivity, sensi
tiveness, susceptibility.
Loyekola, //. , lesson.
Loyembo, ., hymn, poem, psalm,
song.
loye'mbo lb bolengisi, lullaby.
Loyenge, //. lcenge.
Loyeo, //. = loyeso.
Loyeso, ., a wheezing.
Loyiba, ., theft.
Loyima, ., avarice, meanness,
niggardliness, selfishness, stin
giness, stint, withholding.
Loyind, . , animosity, antipathy,
despite, hatred.
Loyoko, n. = lokuku.
Loyonza, . , wringer for oil or
sugar-cane press.

LOYU-MABA

( 168 )

Loyubisa, n. , kind of plant which

bears poisonous fruit, the dried
and roasted juice of which is
used as snuff.
Loyumbola, ., kind of plant;
if a man steal near where this
plant grows, he is said to be
come thereby a squanderer ;
fetish doctors wear it and
parents force their children to
wear it.
Loyumbwa, n., flying, jump, leap,
spring.
Loyumbwako, ., agility, light
springing.
Lna, vt., to vomit, spew, be sick.
lua loku-loku, to retch.
luisa, vc., to administer emetic,
make sick.
Luangana, - '. = lebwangana.
Luba, vt., to fish with seine or
draw net.
Luka, i'/., to journey by canoe, etc.,
paddle, pull an oar, row.
luka mombongo, to trade.
luka nkai. ,//' bwengo, to paddle.
luk'b bwengo, to journey by
canoe.
lukisa, vc. , to invest money,
hustle, - -' luka.
lukisa mosolo, to bank money.
Luka, vt. , to ask or put a ques
tion, ask about, consult, interro
gate.
Lukakala, vs., to be sulky.
LUkbla, vt. , to look angry towards.
Lukwaluku, ind., possessing
abundantly.
Lukwangana, .-... , to pout.
Lule, 6, . , appearance after being
given up for lost.
Lulete (Fr.), 3, ., caster.
Luluba, vin. , to blow out, boil up,
bubble up, distend (of glands
of serpent), effervesce, ferment,
fester, become inflated, rise (of
dough), suppurate.
lululibwa, vp., to be leavened.
lulubisa, vc., to leaven.
Lumba, vin., to emit bad odour,
be fetid, stink.

Lumbetela, vt., to look for (of

dog), scent, smell.
Lumu [pl. , nzumu], //., distinc
tion, eminence, fame, hearsay,
report, renown, rumour, stand
ing.
Lundwa, vs., to come into view,
be drained, be evident, heal
(of sore), rise to surface.
Lungbla, vt., to take or pick up
from ground.
Lungu-lungu, ind., hot (of place
where fire has been, or of any
thing which has been exposed
to sun).
Lungusana, vs., to be deep sound
ing, be resonant, be sonorous.
Lunza, vin., to growl, peal, roar,
rumble, snarl, thunder (of
heaven).
lunza lobangu = ngunzwa.
Luta, vt. = sasa, to blow bellows.
lutisa, vc., to blow off steam,
blow bellows very hard.
Lutana, vs. , to blow off (as steam
lifting lid of vessel or escaping
from steam valve).
Liiti, 6, . , dirt or mud stirred up
in water.
Lutu, 6, n. , bad smell, pollution.
Lututala [lututu], vs., to be
about (to do), impend, be
nearly out.
K

Ma, vt., usedin the imperative only,

to take, lay hold of.
Ma, vt., to gore, pierce, prick,
strike with a missile, wound,
ma esumbu, to impale.
Ma, I, ., woman (in address only).
Ma, adj. particle, pl. clessT,S,g, 10.
See Grammar, 33, 34.
Maba, n.pl., cataracts, rapids.
Mabakibwela, //., fulfilment.
Mabaku, .//. , a going wrong after
having started well.
baka zambi na mabaku, to do
a thing wrong after having
started well.

( 1 69
Mabanda, n.pl., kind of spread
ing disease, ringworm, king's
evil, erysipelas.
Mabandela, ., beginning, com
mencement.
Mabikela, n. , continuity.
Mabbmba, n.pl. , game of hide and
seek.
Mabutabuta, n.pl., animal or
person continually snatching
others, scissors.
Mabwa, ind., falling down to
gether.
Macucela, n., connection.
Mai, 8, n. , water, juice.
mai m'ebwele, gravy, thin
juice of meat.
mai ma mabele, milk.
mai ma masanga, gift to bride's
parents.
mai ma mokwa, brine.
mai ma mond, lotion.
mai ma nkai, brokerage, com
mission.
mai ma nhangi, vinegar.
mai ma nyongi, bile, gall.
Makasi, n.pl., scissors, shears.
Makebikebi, ind., looking aside
while speaking.
Makelela, n.pl., factory, manu
factory.
Maketekete, n.pl., scissors.
Maketeki, n.pl., obtaining during
absence of proposing purchaser.
Makina, 8, . , engine, machine.
makina ma kete, cutting ma
chine.
makina ma tuba, drilling ma
chine.
makina ma pbmbisa, punching
machine.
makina ma tonga, sewing ma
chine.
Makitinya, n.pl., pause in speech.
Makbnza, //./''. likokblb.
Makundela, //., funeral.
Makwa, n.pl., semen.
Makwabale, n.pl., twenty, score.
Makwikwi, n.pl. , secret murder.
Malebwaka, ind. , inconstant.
Malekii, 8, n. = masanga.

MABA-MANDU

Mali, 8, ii. , fat, grease, oil.

mail ma mbayaka, oil from
mpande of mabuku.
mall ma mibbku, palm oil
derived from ordinary nuts.
mail ma ndika, oil from palm
kernels.
mall ma ngombele, lard.
mail ma ngombo, butter.
mall ma nkblo, oil from mpa
nde of milild.
Malio, 8, ;/. , iron ore.
Maloko, 8, n., kind of skin dis
ease in which pigmentary
change takes place.
Malblu, 8, n., jelly, mucus on new
born child, viscid substance
(as slime on snail), white of
eggMalongb, 9, n.pl., blood, gore, seealso lilongo.
malongo ma nconge, menses.
bwe na malongo, red with
blood.
tangisa malongo, to draw
blood.
Malongwela, n, , departure.
Mama, I, . , mother (child's word),
mamma, married woman.
Mama, vt., to feel, touch.
Mambiambisa, ///</., backwards.
butwa mambiambisa, to re
turn back.
Mamio, 9, n.pl., dewdrops, rain
drops hanging on leaves, etc.,
see limio.
Mamionkoto, n.pl. , dew.
Mamukela, n. , harvest, ingather
ing.
Mamweli, (Fr. ), 8, ., crank.
Mana, vin. , to engage in fight,
fight, make war.
man'etumba, to wage war.
mana mobokb, to fight a sham
fight.
Mancankale, ind. , on the back.
Mancongo, 8, ., burying ground,
cemetery, grave-yard.
Mandoko, 8, ., kind of fish,
variety of likbko.
Mandulila (Eng.), 8, ., mandril.

MANGE-MAUN
Mangei, 8, #., awe, horror, ter
ror.
ybka mangei, to be awestruck.
ybkisa mangei, to appal, horri
fyMangelmgeli, S, n. , thing or per
son of stunted growth.
Mango, pron. ydpl. of classes 7, 8,
9, 10.
Mangbmc, //v w . refi. ydpl. ofclasses
7, 8, 9, 10.
Mangbndo, I, //.. damsel, maiden.
Mangongu, 8, . , dribbling saliva,
thin sap of trees.
leka mangbngu, to suffer with
salivation.
Mangunza, 8, n., col. ^engunza.
Maninga, 7, n.pl., grief, sym
pathy.
Mankembb, 8, col. of nkembo,
array, decoration, magnificence,
glory, finery, ornamentation,
splendour.
Mankiki, 8, n. , circulating juice of
plants, sap.
mankiki ma matbpe, caout
chouc, india-rubber.
Mankwane, 8, ., blackmail.
Manyali, 8, n. , abominable thing,
anything obnoxious, beastly
language, disgusting speech,
filth, foulness, indecent talk,
obscenity, sickening affair.
Manza, 9, n.pl., instrument of music
consisting of one piece of iron
beaten with another, triangle.
Manzi, 8, /:. , mat made of milild.
Masala, 7, n.pl., work day.
masala ma bosb, it day of
Bobangi week.
masala ma nte'i, 2nd day of
Eobangi week.
masala ma bosb, Monday.
masala ma mabale, Tuesday.
masala ma masato, Wednes
day.
masala ma manei, Thursday.
masala ma matano, Friday.
Masanga, 8, ., beer, wine, gene
rally, although not necessarily
intoxicating.

Masanga (continued).
masanga ma mlenge, sweet,
fresh wine taken from palm
immediately the incision is
made in the stem of the blos
som and said to be non-in
toxicating, and for this reason
despised as woman's drink.
masanga ma milebb, wine from
fan palm.
masanga ma milenge, wine
from bamboo palm.
masanga ma monganga, wine
from felled palm tree.
masanga ma ncamba, wine
from the oil palm.
masanga ma nouka, sugar-cane
beer.
Masekwela, ., resurrection.
Maseie, ind., oblique.
Maselele, ind., slippery.
Masiya, 8 (concord for sing, is e),
., Christ.
Masomba-nkingb, 8, n., person
who dies of illness, while his
friend who suffered at the
same time of the same illness
recovers ; person killed in place
of another.
Masomo, 8, //.. jealousy.
bele masomo, to be jealous.
Masongi, 8, ., an anyhow reply.
Masbtu, 8, n. , clay, earth, land, soil.
masotu mbombo, clodded soil.
Masu, ind. , see ta.
Masua, 8, ., steamboat.
Masukela, //., termination.
Matabale, 8, . = yanana.
Matakana, 8, //.. fork (of road),
meeting of rivers or roads.
Matakaneia, 8, . = matakana.
Matela m'eyeli, iiph., period of
new moon.
Matindisa, 8, //.. concluding
matters, conclusion, finale.
Matumwand, 8, ., quarrelsome
ness.
Matutumela, ., bedtime.
Maulele, //. / zulcle.
Maululu, //. o/"zululu.
Maunga, //.//.. mayunga.

MAWA-MBEKg

Mawa, 8, ., grief, sadness, sorrow,

ybka mawa, to be grieved,
ybkisa mawa, to grieve.
Mawela m'eyeli, nph., period of
moon's fourth quarter.
Mawelele, n., entry.
Mawewe, 8, ., whisper.
Mayeku, 8, n., credulity.
Mayele, 8, . , artfulness, crafti
ness, cunning, gumption, sa
gacity, subtlety, cleverness,
reason, sense.
Mayenela, n., advent.
Mayunga, 8, n. = mokakatano.
Mazalela, n. , career, lifetime.
mazalela ma mbisa, after life.
mazalela ma sik'awa, present
life.
Mbaka, n. , spring stick of trap.
Mbaka, ., kind of shrub the
leaves of which are used to
poison fish and to prepare a
medicine to kill fleas.
Mbaka-na-ngombe, ///. , sling
for hurling stones.
Mbakela, n. , kind of crocodile.
Mbala, . , artificial article, counter
feit, fiction, fraud, imitation,
retained information, sham ;
shaft of spear.
Mbalaka, n. = mozo.
Mbalaka, n., crumbled cassava
root.
Mbalankata, n., dish, plate.
esungeli e mbalankata, dish
cloth.
mbalankat'e bokangi, cooking
or baking dish.
mbalankat'e'bwele, meat dish
or plate.
mbalankat'e'ngbele, bread
plate.
mbalankat'e'ngbel'e bolie, cake
plate.
mbalankat'e mall ma ngombo,
butter dish.
mbalankat'e pai, pie dish.
mbalankat'e ndwa, vegetable
dish.
mbalankat'e pulinga, pudding
plate.

Mbalankata (continued).
mbalankat'e sa, tea plate.
mbalankat'e subu, soup plate.
Mbali, n. , hockey, = mobali.
Mbali, n. , in proverbs only =
mobeko, a counting.
Mbale, //., two ; colq., few, little.
Mbalu (K.), ., horse.
Mbamba, ., kind of lightcoloured crocodile.
Mbamba, vt. , in proverbs only =
bata.
Mbambo, . , patch.
Mbanda, ., turn of polygamist's
wife with her husband.
Mbando, n., toll, fee to a doctor.
Mbanga, //. = mobanga, kind
of edible fungus.
Mbangani, n. , kind of antelope.
Mbangb, . , fork of a tree.
Mbango, ., ganglion on wrist.
Mbanzaka, ., next in order.
Mbanza-minteti, 5, //., accuser.
Mbanzd, //. -- libanza.
[fungus.
Mbasanga, ., kind of edible
Mbata, n. , chair, form, seat, stool.
mbat'e mpaka, candlestick.
mbat'e mbieli, knife rest.
mbat'e milangi, casters, cruet.
Mbata, n. , sheep.
Mbata, ., blow with the palm
of the hand.
Mbatela-miliba, //., first rise of
water after eseu.
Mbatata, . , brow, crown of head.
mbatat'e'longi, forehead.
Mbateli, //., escort.
-mbe, prep. enclitic, belonging to ;
see also bmbe.
ombe Masiya, a Christian.
Mbebo, n. , kind of leopard.
Mbebo, ., water from corner of
eye (common to old people).
Mbeka, n. , abrupt fall of ground
on bed of river, gully.
Mbeka, ., borrowed article or
money.
[interest.
mbek'e Bolobo, cent, per cent.
Mbeka, ., kind of monkey.
Mbeke, n., piece of broken pot,
potsherd.

MBEKE-MBOMA

( 172 )

Mboke, n., curse, refusal to re<

store borrowed goods.
Mbeko, . , asperity, angry objec
tion, contrary and angry an
swer.
Mbekb, . = mobekb.
Mbelenkete, //., kind of disease,
mumps.
Mbelb, n. , canoe which in conjunc
tion with others manages the
seine net.
Mbemba, n. , earning, emolument,
fee, payment, perquisite, re
compense for labour, salary,
wage.
mbemba li mumba, freightage.
mbemba li monkandi, subsidy.
Mbembele, n., kind of rubber
fruit.
Mbembb, n. , lash, scourge, rod
(used for punishing), strap,
whip, stripe in thrashing ;
stripe sewn on cloth as border,
stripe of different colour.
Mbenda, ., calabash, gourd.
Mbende, ., Oxford checks, striped
rat.
Mbendoli, ., style of wearing
cloth fastened very high up
above the hips.
Mbengi, ., copper.
Mbengu, ., covenant, contract,
agreement, engagement, stipu
lation, treaty.
sika milling n, to bet, wager.
mbengu ekali, old covenant.
mbengu etemu, new covenant.
Mbenza, ., white calico, grey
baft.
mbenz'e mokwa, bag of salt.
Mbenzu, ., click of anything snap
ping.
Mbeya, ., cooking pot.
Mbieli, . , knife.
mbieli e boyumbaka, shut or
clasp knife.
mbieli e'ngbele, bread knife.
mbieli e sese, carving knife.
nzbto ll mbieli, blade of knife.
Mbiki. ., fight with sticks or fists,
fisticuffs.

Mbila-bayanzi, n., kind of prickly

running plant.
Mbimba, n., flat side of blade.
Mbimba. n., diameter - - mompiko.
Mbimbi, //. --. mbimba.
Mbindi, n., dregs, grounds, lees,
sediment, siftings.
Mbindo, ., dirt, filth, impurity,
soil.
Mbinga, n. , thickness in size ; colq. *
glorious.
Mbib, n. = molaka.
Mbisa, n. , in proverls only =
mwanza.
Mbisa, //., back, conclusion, hindpart, rear.
na mbisa, afterwards, event
ually, last.
b mbisa kuku, hindermost.
mbisa-nkbti, back of head.
Mbbbo, ., kind of cane.
Mbbka, ., abwle, dwelling place,
home, residence, station.
mbbk'e mimbbngo, trading
station, factory.
senga mbbka, to be homeless.
Mboka, . , kind of fish, variety
of likbko.
Mboki, n. , avoidance of a blow,
etc.
[sale.
Mboko, n., merchandise, goods for
yamba mboko, to import.
tinda mboko, to export.
Mbbko, n.. anchor, ballast, sinker
for net.
Mbbla, n. = ebbla.
Mbolaka, //. = mposokb.
Mbolamatale, //. , Congo Free
State Government.
monce mb Mbolamatale, State
territory.
Mbolc, //. = ntbndblb.
Mbbli, n., goat.
Mbblb, ., superior sort of blue
saved-list.
Mbblbkb, . , kind of antelope.
Mbblongb, ., equivocation, eu
phemism, nimbleness.
Mbbmaki, /'.. kind of headache,
= mombbma.

( 173 )
Mbbmba, . , tartar on teeth.
Mbombi, n. = ntonibti.
Mbombi, ., fugitive, refugee.
Mbombo, ., protruding forehead.
Mbondi, ., conciliatory offering,
indemnity, propitiation, sin
offering.
Mbondo, n. , track made by animal
through grass, etc.
Mbondb, . , kind of tree which
has for its nickname Maketembele-mbila-bisombo, and
from root of which the poison
used in an ordeal is made ; the
root is cleansed from dirt, the
middle skin is scraped off
and dried in the sun, then it
is kneaded and dried again,
and divided into ball-like par
cels and put away for sale or
occasion to administer.
nua mbondo, to take the poison.
kinza mbondb, to administer
the poison.
Mbbnga, ., ridge pole, stick or
beam forming long side of bed,
shaft of machine.
mbong'e nce or e nkako, wall
plate.
Mbonge, ., wave, billow.
Mbongo, ndj. , see llso.
Mbongb, ., punting pole, walk
ing stick with skin cut off in
stripes.
Mbongo, . , see nkeni.
Mbongo, n. , large tusk of ivory.
Mbonzo, n., kind of tree used in
the preparation of an enema.
Mbbnzo, . , kind of tree used in
the preparation of an enema.
Mbbnzu, . , kind of fish poison.
Mbbtakabana, 5, ., great-grand
parent on mother's side.
Mbbtela, n., child of slave parents ;
if one parent only is a slave
the child is said to be lokenge
loko ncomi, lokenge loko
mbbtela.
Mboti, ii. , nightmare.
Mboto, n. , see ngila.
[knob.
Mbbto, n, , knoblike end of handle,

MBOMBA-MEMI

Mbbto, n. , kind of fish.

Mbbto-nce, . , kind of toad with
dark yellow spots.
Mbbtb-yeye, n. , kind of fish.
Mbbyb, . , kind of bird with long
black bill.
Mbubu, . , kind of fish which
inflates itself to more than
double its size when irritated,
not eaten by the natives.
Mbuku, n. = ngonde.
Mbukwa, n. , dry, powdery cassava
bread.
Mbula, ., rain.
mbtil'e molbbi, continual heavy
rain.
mbul'e momianga, drizzle.
mbula ll mpumpu, snow.
Mbiili, n. , kind of antelope, waterbuck.
Mbulu, n. , kind of grass.
Mbululu, . - mbulu.
Mbunga, ., common fund or
stock.
Mbusa (K.), n., cotton plant.
Mbwa, n. , dog, hound.
Mbwa, n.. losisa.
Mbwaki, ., prepared ground,
previous to being thrown up
into heaps.
Mbwi, 6, n.pl. , gray hair.
Me, ind. , cut so that skin gapes
open.
Meka, vt., to attempt, endeavour,
examine, exercise, experiment,
measure, practise, put to the
test, tackle, taste, test, weigh,
try, feel.
meka mai, to sound.
mekisa bisenzako, to cast lots,
see esenzako.
Melemele, vs. , to shirk work
through dislike of it.
Meme, vt., to cut irregular parts
of the edge of anything to make
such edge straight.
Meme, vt. = nyanya.
Memisa, vc., to beat down a price,
befool a person by sending
him to an imaginary person,
offer price below one named.

MEMO-MiNGO

( 174 )

Memolo, vt. , to act contrary to

wards, dishonour, disregard,
disrespect, ignore, set at nought,
be unfaithful towards.
Mine, mn., to grow, shoot up,
sprout.
Menga, /-/. = keka.
Menga, n., kind of fish which
feeds on smaller fish, and is at
first monkene.
Menge, vin. , to glow, be red-hot.
Mengemenge,-.v. =mongomongo.
Mengetene, vs., to sit down in
stead of working.
Mengo, 5, ii. , sharpness.
Menbla, vt., to act contrary to
wards, deny the right or claim
of, be irreverent towards, make
light of, treat disrespectfully or
uncivilly.
Menye, vt. = soko, to disparage.
Mesa (K.), 8, ., table.
Mesene, vs. = ye'kasana.
Meta, 3, ., metre.
milimeta, 3, millimetre.
sentimeta, 3, centimetre.
desimeta, 3, decimetre.
dekameta, 3, decametre.
ekotometa. 3, hectometre.
kilometa, 3, kilometre.
millameta, 3, myriametre.
Metala, 8, //., metal.
metala ma beta, gun metal.
Meya, n, n.pl., fire.
meya mi bota, gunpowder.
meya mi esomba, phosphorus.
meya mi ncele, fine gunpowder.
meya mi ndika, coarse gun
powder.
meya mi ngomo, moderately
fine gunpowder.
Mi, adj. particle, pl., class n. See
Grammar, % 33, 34.
Miaka, v///. . . mianga.
Miakela, vt., to scatter, sow (seed),
sprinkle, strew.
miakela ca-ca, to sow broad
cast.
Mianga, vin., to drizzle.
Mianga-nko-mpela-nkb, np//., a
long time.

Mianya, n.pl., cut teeth.

Miasi, n.pl., water falling from
paddles.
Mibale, n.pl., two.
Miboku, n.pl., soft earth.
Mibbku, n.pl., see mali.
Mibulu, n.pl., dust.
Mie-mie, ind., finely powdered, fine
(of small things), common or
ordinary (of people).
ba mie-mie, mob, populace.
Mieneke, j/.pl., bail, surety money.
Mikbngblemba, n.pl. = loyumbola.
Milaka, n.pl., black on roof from
smoke, soot, tar.
Milebaleba, ind., ignorant, limited
in knowledge.
Milenga, n.pl., harmony, music.
Milenge, n.pl. , set masanga.
Milinga, n.pl. = ndumbele.
Milingana, vs. , to squirm, wallow,
wriggle, writhe.
Milingi, ind., unprepared or unworked (of timber).
Milonge, n.pl., before dawn, about
5 a.m.
Miluka, n.pl., child born on jour
ney.
Mimbole, nd/. , see lokolo.
Mimbukwa, ndj., brittle.
Mimilimi, ind., burning badly (of
firewood), covered entirely
over, strange (of reason of
palaver hidden), unknown (of
a number).
Mimwa, vs., to be demure, be
grave, be morose, be sedate,
be sombre, be staid, be taciMina,//. o/"lina.
[turn.
Mina, vt., to appropriate, consume,
detain, keep for oneself, em
bezzle, swallow.
mina kio, to gulp.
Minei, n.pl., four.
Minga, vt., to refuse to honour or
obey, infringe, transgress.
Mmgaminga, vs., to be unwilling
in receiving.
Mingili, ind., having rotundity.
Mingb,//-0K. yd. pl., class n.

( 175 )
Mingbme, pron. refl., ydpl., class
n.
Miniti (Eng.), 3, ., minute (time).
Minkaka, n.pl., actual labour
Mind,//. o/"lino.
[pains.
Minya, n.pl., urine.
Mmya, vt. , to crumple.
Minya, - miunya, pl. <)/'munya.
Minyeke, ndj., soft and green (of
corn).
Minybla, r'/., to crush into powder
with the fingers.
Miolunga, n.pl. mpolu.
Misa, //. 0/'busa.
Misato, n.pl., three.
Miseketeno, .;'/., lacing.
Miseli, .//., polishedness, slipperiness, smoothness.
Misetete, n.pl., heedlessness.
Misila, n.pl. = ndumbele.
Miso,//. 0/liso.

miso ndeke, kind of game with

string, " cat's cradle."
Mitano, n.pl., five.
Mitoki, n.pl., perspiration.
Miula, n.pl., refuse, rubbish,
sweepings.
Miunga, //. 0/ lomunga.
Mo, vin. , to have an evening chat.
Mb, adj. particle, sing., class n.
See Grammar, 33, 34.
Moambo, n, ., the business of a
matrimonial intermediary, who
is responsible for the return of
money to the husband should
the wife abscond, and in the
case of the wife's death is held
responsible for payment of
death dues to wife's parents ;
the name also of the money
paid for wife when given in
marriage.
Moango, ., carcase of building,
decree, design, device, frame,
framework, formula, intention,
hull of ship, line of planted
trees, method, plan, plot, pro
ject, scheme, shape, skeleton
of house, system.
moango mo (ese), map.
moango mo nkuku, secret plot.

MlNGO-MOBA

Moango (continued),
miango mi botbngi, architec
ture.
Mobabali, ., ditch, drain, furrow,
gutter, rut, trench.
Mobabo, ., fish or meat frizzled
to be tested.
Mobaka, ., gum copal tree; colq.,
hardness, inflexibility.
Mobaki, n., faithful person atten
tive to duties.
Mobakisi, n. , overseer.
Mobako, //. , adultery, cohabitation.
mome mobako, adulterer, adul
teress.
mome mibako mibale, woman
with two husbands.
Mobala, n. = monteti.
Mobala, n., haft, handle, hilt,
shaft of paddle.
Mobalela, n., kind of edible
fungus.
mobalela-nkake, kind of ed
ible fungus.
Mobaleli, ., one who assists an
other in his or her marriage
business, bridesmaid, grooms
man.
Mobali, n. , husband ; colq. , super
ior, genius; in adj. clause
used to express the right side
of anything, as loboko lb
mobali, the right arm.
mobali d bongol, husband's
brother.
mobali o mwene, husband's
sister.
mobali d libala, bridegroom.
mobali d mbbka, chief.
mobali d ndongo, polygamist.
Mobalo, n. , stick to keep a trap
called moleke open.
Mobando, n., electricity, shock,
spasm, stitch (pain in side),
twinge.
Mobanga, ., jaw, edge of vessel,
rim of plate^, bowl, bottle, etc.
mobanga boba, hollow-jawed,
sunken-cheeked.
mobanga mo likolb, upper jaw.
mobanga mo nce, lower jaw.

MORA-MOBO

( 176 )

Mobangii, ., kind of edible

fungus.
Mobanzeli, n., advocate in a law
suit.
Mobanzi d zambi, ///. , plaintiff.
Mobasdko, n. , coercion (for pay
ment), embezzlement, piracy.
Mobasi, ., angler; coercer, em
bezzler, pirate.
Mobateli, ., guardian, keeper,
protector.
mobateli d bikatSla, butler.
Mobe, ii. , evil person.
Mobeka, n. = iubeka.
Mobekako, n., brim, rim of vessel.
Mobeke, ., curvature of spine
appearing between shoulders.
Mobeki, ., harbinger, predicter,
prophet.
Mobeki, . , borrower.
Mobeko, n., a counting.
Mobeko, n. , a breaking of limb by
backward motion, a greeting.
Mobeko, ., by-law, edict, law,
ordinance, mandate, prohibi
tion, rule, regulation.
mobeko mo molongo, law of
nature.
Mobeko, ., answer, earnest
money, instalment, part pay
ment to delay full settlement,
verdict.
Mobekoli 6 libanza, iipi/., de
fendant.
Mobele, n. , cowry.
Mobe'le, n. , snout.
Mobeletwe, ., whitlow.
Mobeli, n., staff, walking-stick.
Mobelo, n., cause, reason, =
etondo.
na mobelo mo, because of.
Mobelo, n., edging of basket,
shield, etc. , selvedge.
Mobembano, i/., reconciliation.
Mobembi, ., mark of thing
dragged along, trail.
Mobembi, ., pilgrim, stranger,
traveller, wayfarer.
Mobembo, n. , expedition, journey,
tour, voyage.
linzanza l! mobembo, canteen.

Mobendandald, n., impulse, in

centive.
Mobendand, n. , influence.
Mobenga, n. , cliff, precipice ; colq. ,
shore, in the sense of land out
of water.
mobenga mo bongosonu or
ngonzonzo, cliff.
Mobengete, ., hill, slope.
Mobengetele, n, -- mobenge'te.
Mobengi d bokila, nph., hunter.
Mobengo, ., condition, extra
article in addition to money
price, stipulated things.
Mobengo, n., a chasing, hunt,
pursuit.
Mobesa, n. , advertisement, an
nouncement, proclamation.
Mobete, ., rear, a separating and
falling to bottom of pot.
Mobetoli, n. , reformer, renewer of
former customs.
Mobeya, //. , boiler, funnel of fur
nace, steam boiler.
Mobiabita, n, ., fighter in battle.
Mobibili, n., weal from lash.
Mobibiliki, i/. = mobibili.
Mobila, n. = libila.
Mobili, n., candidate, follower
with the idea of catching up to
or securing.
Mobimba, ., an entire thing or
person, a whole.
mobimba mo elamba, entire
dress.
Alobimbela, n. = mompiko.
Mobio, n. , wind from stomach.
ta mobid, to belch.
Mobiombo, n., kind of disease
resembling measles.
Moboboli, ., midrib of palm leaf.
Mobobondi. n., kind of small bird.
Mobbka, ., dam, bank of a dam,
breakwater, weir.
Mobokaki, . , ashes heap.
Mobbkd, n. , animal's track.
Mobokb, ., sham fight.
Moboku, ., dried up bed of river,
etc.
Mobola, n. , cassava root unsteeped.
Mobblatand, //. , dent.

MOBO-MOI
Moboli d mambi, '///., news
monger, one who tells all he
knows, a grave joker.
Mobblo, ., roll (mats, cloth, etc.),
scroll.
Mobblongano, //. , dishonesty,
variation.
Mobblu, n., coward, timid person.
Mobonia, . , large cask, large
calabash.
Mobonia, n., anything slain, sacri
fice, victim.
moboma mb botumbaka, burnt
sacrifice.
Mobombo, ., bale (of cloth), bun
dle (of rods), cob (of maize),
thickness (of book).
Mobonda, n. , forged lump of iron,
squared log of wood, ingot,
lump, slab; colq. , embryo, im
mature foetus.
mobonda mb malbngo, clot of
blood.
mobonda mb mposoko, dough.
Mobbndeli, n. , beggar.
Mobondi, . , comforter.
Mobondo, ., cursing of an un
known culprit by striking the
ground with a plantain stem
and uttering a curse ; the hurl
ing of the stem on the ground.
Mobongb, n, n. , canoe maker,
carpenter, joiner.
Mobbngolokb, ., pole for carrying
anything by two persons, bar
row, bier, hand-barrow, litter,
stretcher.
mobongoloko mb eika, wheel
barrow.
Mobonbno, n., exhibition, pheno
menon.
Moboso, n, n., president, first
place or person, foremost
place, front,
Mobota, n., lump of uncooked
flour or dough.
Mobbti, . , mother, woman who
has born children.
[wife.
Mobbtisi, ., accoucheuse, midMobotb, ., kind of tree which
becomes moselengu.

Moboto, n., hypertrophy of

scrotum or labia.
Moboyo, ., kind of fish ; see
nyanda.
Mobu, ., period, season, year,
kind of bird.
mobu-mobu, annual.
Mobubali, ., pith of cane or palm
midribs.
Mobuku, ., profuse menstrua
tion.
Mobuku, n., grove, lane, path
between gables of houses.
mobuku mb miete, avenue.
Mobula, ., fallow land.
Mobulu, ., speck of dust.
Mobuluku, n. = epanzo, a proces
sion.
Mobulungano, ., anarchy, chaos,
derangement.
Mobunga, iidj. , gathered together.
Mobungu, n., thick bamboo or
palm midrib, pith in cane,
etc.
Mobutu, n. , alien,
foreigner,
stranger.
mobutu d yeye, his guest, //'/.
his stranger.
Mobwa, n., ninety.
Mobwanga, . , kind of snake,
viper.
Moca, . , season.
moca mb boybmi kwali-kwali,
season of drought.
mcoa mb manyitela, autumn.
moca mb masolela, summer.
moca mb matbele, spring.
moca mb mpi6, winter.
Mocaka, ., journey down river.
Mocakano mb mosblo, //,'./..
expenditure.
Mociki-ciki, in proverbs only =
boke-boke.
Moi [pl., mioi], n., capacity, inside,
interior of anything ; colq. , in
side of belly or abdomen,
womb.
bi moi, inwards.
na moi, carefully,
gently,
quietly, softly.
moi mb bwengo, hold of boat.
N

MOI-MOKE

( 178)

Moi (continued).
/iioi mo iidako, bed or store
room.
moi mo malongo or likolo,
dysentery.
na moi moko, having one mo
ther, hence d moi moko na
yeye. _his brotber or sister ;
ba moi moko, children of one
family.
moi monco, completed gesta
tion.
Moikako, //.. bar fastening door,
barrier, clamp.
moikako mo boweleke, bolt.
Moiko, ., helm, rudder, rudder
oar.
Moiko, n., lot, portion.
Molml/o, ., sweet smelling thing.
Moindo, 2, ., dark-coloured per
son, negro.
Mokabi, n. , benevolent person,
donor, giver.
Mokai, n., kind of plant like
vegetable marrow in scent,
like hollyhock in growth and
appearance of flower ; people
eat small leaves of it boiled
with fish.
Mokaka.li, ., streak of lightning.
Mokakano, n. , farewell present ;
colq. , prostitute's fee.
Mokakatand, ii.. dilemma, laby
rinth, bewildering thing, maze,
nuisance, perplexing thing,
prodigy, puzzle, suspicion, risk.
Mokako, n. , kind of tree.
Mokakoli, 2, n. , settler of dispute ;
n, divisor (arith.).
Mokakwano, n,, faction, factious
ness, schism, sect.
Mokala, ., semi-circle.
Mokala, . ' . = molaka.
Mokala, //., half an animal, side
of meat.
Mokalaband, //.. loudness in evil
speaking or denying.
Mokalanganya mo nkwa. nph.,
skeleton.
Mokale, ., fellow wife in polygamist's household.

Mokale (continued).
mokale-mokale, game in which
one person is sent away into
hiding, and in his absence one
member of the company curses
him, and the person is called
out of hiding by the whole
company together greeting him
with the cry mokale-mokale,
and it is for the person called
to find out by guessing who
cursed him, and if he find out
the curser takes his place, but
if not he returns into hiding
to be called again to find out
out the new person who has
cursed him.
Mokalo, n. , excuse, pretext, sub
terfuge.
ta mikalo, to make excuses.
senga mikalo, to be inexcus
able.
Mokambo, //.. means used for
freeing a person from punish
ment.
Mokampanza, n. , see olengo.
Mokana, n., wife of husband's
brother, fellow wife.
Mokangibwi, . , prisoner.
Mokango, ., anything used for
tying up things, band, band
age, bond, tie, yoke.
mokango mo bleii, iron hoop.
mokango mo mutu mo ebwele,
bridle.
Mokangu mo lobanze, nph. , big
rib bone.
Mokangu mo nkingo, nph., neck
socket bone.
Mokand, ., decision, determina
tion, intent, intention, purpose,
resolve, scope, threat, will.
mokano mo bomjioli, freewill.
Mokanza, n., hairy abdomen,
protuberance on back of cat
fish like a fin.
Mokaya, //., young palm.
Mokekele, ., midrib of palm.
Mokekeleke, ,/.. kind of fish.
Mokeki, n. , a looker on.
Mokekia, //. = moyekiaka.

( 179 )
Mokele, n. = molangb.

Mokeleli, n. , prisoner.
Mokeleli, ., agent.

Mokeli, ., inland. river or stream

subject to the rainfall, torrent.
Mokeli, ., doer, maker.
Mokelo, ., chisel.
mokelo nib leli-leli, firmer
chisel.
mokelo mo libbku, gouge.
mokelo mo mabela, mortising

or socket chisel.
mokelo mo mpib, cold chisel.
Mokelo, ., kind of bird.
Mokembo, ., haleness, health.
Mokenga, //. = monkenga.

Mokengeli, ., bishop, caretaker,

foreman, pastor, shepherd.
Mokengi, //. nkengi.

Mokenga, ., a refraining from

relative who has taken ordeal
poison or is supposed to be
connected with ill-luck.
Mokenyenyalo, ., incorruption.
Moketi d zambi, nph., settler of
disputes.
Moketibwi ngenga, nph., cir
cumcised person.
Moketo, n. , custom, habit, tradi
tion, usage.
Moketu, ., kind of cloth made
in the Bolobo district.
Mokila, //., hunter.
Mokili, . , dry land, ground.
mokili mo nzela, highroad,
hard road, no swamp.
Xtokilo, //. = ekila.
Mokingi, //. = mobembo.

Mokinzi, ., begetter, father,

spearer, slabber.
Mokitano, //., accession, rotation,
succession, turn.
Mokito, n. , ford, passage.
Mok6, 2, n. , native of the Lower
Congo cataract region.
Moko, I and n, ., one, some one,
unit.
moko na moko, ph. , each one,
one by one.
Moko, ind., brittle.
Mokobani, ., runaway slave.

MOKE-MOKO

Mokobe, ., kind of fish.

Mokbl, //. - moiikoi.
Mokbka, ., shaved head.
Mokokele, n., gag, horse bit,
muzzle.
Mokbki, ., expert.
Mokoko |/'/. miokoko|. ., purline, rafter.
Mokbko, n. , rotting tree.
Mokoko. n., one hundred thou
sand.
Mokbko, . , kind of bird, ring
dove ; also - linda.
Mokbkblo, . , all people up-river.
Mokbkondi, 2, ., one liable to be
imprisoned.
Mokokbtb, ., nasal mucus.
ybka mokbkbtb, to have cold in

tbe head, suffer with catarrh.

Mokbkula, n., elbow.
Mokblo, n. , night ; in reckoning
day and night inclusive, a day.
mokolb na mokolo, nightly.
Mokblb, n., incident, item of news;
pl., news.
bete mikblb, to tell the news.
Mokolb, . , up-river.
Mokbli. ., bead.
Mokolbki, //. = mondendeke.
Mokolola, ., shaving round ears.
Mokblongano, n. , equivocation,
restlessness.
Mokolwa, n. , file, rasp.
mokolwa mb boweleke, enter
ing file.
mokolwa mb kbbkbtb, bastard
file,
mokolwa mb kbbkbtb nguya,

rough file.
mokolwa mb mbieli, knife edge
file.
mokolwa mb mingili, round
file.
mokolwa mb nke'nge linel,
square file.
mokolwa mi> nkenge ncato,

threesquare file, saw file.

mokolwa mb nte'i, second cut
file.
mokolwa mbbketibwa seketenu, double cut file.

MOKO-MOKWE

( 180 )

Mokolwa (continued).
mokolwa mbbketibwa semba.
single cut or float file.
mokolwa mo patata, flat file.
mokolwa n'etomba mingili,
half-round file.
mokolwa seli, smooth file.
mokolwa sell ngfiya, dead
smooth file.
Mokombe, ., kind of fetish,
which consists of a knotted
cloth with some sort of medi
cine inside and intended to
take care of body.
Mokombe, ., shower of rain.
Mokombo, . , kind of tree, light,
soft, and easily splits into
planks with axe.
Mokbmbolokb, //., cob of maize,
midrib of plantain leaf.
Mokbmekela, //. , sound of axe
stroke.
Mokbndo, n. '-- likbnda.
Mokbndo, n. , country, ground out
of water, highland, land.
Mokondbki, n. , booth, temporary
hut.
Mokbngi, ., governor, ruler.
Mokongo, 2, . , native of Lower
Congo.
Mokongo, ., great height, lofti
ness.
Mokbngbngbli, n. , one-stringed
guitar.
Mokbngwa, n. = epako. [ness.
Mokonisi, ., nurse, causer of illMokonzi, ., chief, king, lord,
prince, sovereign.
mokonzi d ka, emperor.
mokonzi d mwene, queen.
Mokbsa, ., kind of fish, see
noinga.
Mokosi, n. , cruel person, oppressor,
tyrant.
Mokbso, ., discomfort, fidgeti
ness, restlessness.
Mokbsoli, n. , saviour.
Mokbtla, n. = likembu.
Mokbto, /'</., ball-like, globular.
Mokbu, ., invalid, limp or weak
fellow.

Mokuba, a. , impenetrableness, in
vulnerability,
[man.
Mokuba, ., blacksmith, forgeMokube, n, n., castrated animal,
eunuch, obscene term of de
rision to a virgin.
Mokiiku, //., guzzling, see nua.
Mokukulu, i/., square basket of
midribs or pith.
Mokula, n, ii. , old paddle ; 2,
demon, elf, gnome, sprite ;
these are said to bring riches
and to be at enmity with their
rivals called bizb.
Mokuli, n. , possessor, rich or
wealthy person.
Mokulu, n., cord, line, rope,
string, twine ; wage.
Mokulumba, n. , stirring rod.
Mokumba, n., long bundle.
Mokundu, //., back, back of blade
of knife, lumbar region.
mokundu mo lisala, quill.
Mokundwa, . = ellmo.
Mokungu, //., kind of tree.
Mokunza, ., high and large
garden bed.
Mokuse, ., pigmy.
Mokutinyi, ., deceiver, liar.
Mokutu, n., uninitiated person.
Mokuyi, ., maker of a disturb
ance.
Mokwa [//. miokwa], n., salt.
Mokwa, ind., brittle.
Mokwanga, //. , skinny dog.
Mokwata, n, //., person counted
to be unworthy to be in com
pany, = epako. The Moi
people at Bolobo speak of the
Bobangi by this name.
Mokwanza, ., quarrelsomeness.
Mokwa-zamba, //. , advance fee to
doctor.
Mokwe, 1I, n., dancer and dance
in which a person is dressed
with a cloth etc., put over the
head and stretched out with a
stick over both shoulders.
Mokweke, ., kind of small bird.
Mokwiti, n., executioner, heads
man.

MOKWI-MOLI

Mokwi, n. , taker, receiver.

Mola, ., long and narrow cloth.
Molaka, n. , kind of resin, pitch.
Molaka, . , dearth, famine.
Molakisi, . , guide, instructor.
Molako, ii., prolonged fishing ex
cursion.
Molala, ., gadabout, gossip,
loafer, tramp, vagabond, va
grant.
Molala, . , spreading (of wound).
Molalo, .?.. character ot a molala,
vagrancy, worthlessness.
Molalo, n., kind of long and
light-coloured millipede.
Molambcla, n, //., immigrant.
Molambeli, ., cook.
Molambi, n., cook.
Molambisa, n, n. = molambela.
Molando, ., trigger hard to
pull.
Molanga, . , kind of tree.
Molangi, :/.. bottle, = ndangi,
= mongolo, tobacco leaf.
Molangiti, //., blanket.
Molango, n., sling for climbing.
Slolangvva, . = molango.

Molato, iI, n. , mullato, full dress

for occasion.
Molebi, //. , mourner.

Molebb, n. , fan palm.

Moleka-nzela, n, n., traveller.
Moleki, n., kind of fish trap.
Moleke, ., bird, kind of fish ; see
likoko.
Moleki, //. , uncultivated land, wil
derness.
Moleko, n., excessive eating, glut
tony.
mome moleko, glutton.
Molelembc, n., palm frond stuck
in ground by chief to delay
feud until he gets time to dis
cuss it.
Molelenge, n. , kind of grass very
like sugar cane, rise of river
after mwanga.
Moleli, i/. , pendulum, swing.
Moleli, . , kind of bird.
Moleli, ., bewailer, mourner.
Moleli-leli, //., film.

|
<
'
.

Molelo, . , eating house, haunt of

animals, refreshment room, re
staurant, = moleko.
Molembalembl, ., intruder.
Molembe, ., kind of plant,
dracoena.
Molembe, ., kind of tree, good
hard building wood.
Molembelembi, //., pendulum.
Mole-mbila, ., centipede, scor
pion.
Molembulembu, //. . carefulness.
Molemeli, ., cripple.
Mole-ncu, //. = ngonde.
Molendandalo, //., duty, necessity,
obligation, something which
must be done.
Molende, ., insinuation.
bwaka molende, to insinuate.
Molenga, ., debate, discussion,
gossip, melody, tune.
bobembani bo molenga, har
mony.
le molenga, to discuss, gossip.
Molenge, n., kind of palm.
Molengeli, n. , calmness of weather
or water, tranquility.
Molengete, //. --- mondendeke.
Mole'ngi, ., forestaller.
Molengo, . , temptation.
Molengo, ., end of nzobolo and
beginning of eseu.
Moli, //., eater.
moll d b.-ito, cannibal.
Moliba, n., creek, canal.
Molika, ., compassion, grief,
mercy, pity, tenderness ; eolq.,
continuity in laughter, reson
ance.
likabo ll molika, alms.
senga molika, to be merciless.
Molika, ., small hypertrophy of
scrotum, hydrocele, = lolika.
Moliki, n. , fibre used as string.
miliki mi tambwisa bibwele,
reins.
Molikwa, ., kind of creeper,
kind of snake.
Molilo, ., kind of bird.
Molllo, n., kind of palm which
gives the fronds called ncese.

MOLI-MOLU

( 182 )

Molimi, ., junior brother of bro

ther, younger sister of sister.
molimi d bobembisa, foster
brother or sister.
Molimo, n, n., mind, soul, spirit;
colq., energy, intellect.
molimo mo bopetwi ,/,- mo
petb or mopetwaki, Holy
Spirit.
Molindi, ., anus, fundament, rec
tum.
Molingako, n., bandage, shroud,
wrapper.
molingako mo nguma, rolling
up of mat in imitation of
nguma.
Mblinginya, vc., to gather into
a ball.
Molinginyi, ., peacemaker, one
who makes people love each
Mbld, //. = zblo.
[other.
Molobi, //.. see mbula.
Molobj, ., speaker.
Molbbo, n., a boasting of great
deeds.
Molobbti, //., inquirer.
Moloboto, a. = monteti.
Molobbto, . , examination, in
quiry, test.
Moloi, .= mobeka.
Molbki, //.. witch.
Moleko, ., core, heart, pith of
palm midrib.
bososoli bo molbko, conscience.
moloko mo bobblu or mo
ncbsb, faint heart.
moloko mpb, thieving.
moloko nceki, heartburn.
moloko sembo, fair-minded,
candid.
na moloko moko, of the same
opinion.
na moloko monco, hearty.
ybka molbko, to feel great
difficulty in breathing.
Molbkoli, -/. churl.
Moloku, . , camwcod paste, wall
with battens only and no !
nkala.
Molblo, ., line of trees, etc., <
straight road.
!

Mololombo, ., palm frondlet,

rising leaf within the plantain,
spathe.
Molblu, n., kind of fish which is
at first nzelele then mombete,
after which it becomes mololu.
Molombe, ., kind of fish.
Molombb, ., burrow, cave, hole
of rat, etc.
molomb'b ne'e longa. mine,
underground passage.
Molombombalo, n., retirement.
Molonclo, //.. alarm, announce
ment, information.
Molongo,
. , fatal form of
diarrhoea.
Molongo, ., line of people or
things, rail, row, series.
Molongo, ., universe, world ;
colq. , large canoe.
molongo nzoku, everybody, the
whole world.
Molongono [molongo], vs., to be
smooth = kolongono.
Molbnzb, ., cheerfulness, enthusi
asm, gaiety, gladness, goodhumour, joy.
Mblu, ind. , bending, flexible, mal
leable, pliable, pliant, soft,
supple, yielding.
Uolua, n. = molumt/e.
Moluaka, n, //., person accus
tomed only to country life,
uncivilised person, heathen.
Molualumba, ., kind of medi
cinal plant with smell nearly
like peppermint.
lilolubi, ., net fisherman.
Moluka, ., voyage for trading.
moluka mb nce na nce, cara
van.
Molukela, //. = moluka.
Moluki, . , paddler, rower.
moluki d mombbngo, trader.
Moluki, //. = eluki.
Moluki, n. , questioner.
Moluma, //. mokila.
Molumba, n. , snout.
Molumbe, 1 1 , n. , countryman/
who will not stay in town over
night on his visit thereto.

MOLU-MOME

Mblu-mblu, ind. , many together

(of eggs).
Moluugola, ., tang of blade of
knife.
Molunza, -/.. full speed, lapid
motion.
Molwa, n. , collar, necklet.
Moma, //. --. ngoma.
Momanga, n. .- lobanga.
Momam, . , fighter, soldier, one
who trains for fighting.
Mombaba, ., labia.
Mombai, ., basket of palm mid
ribs, also one of pith.
mombai mo ebembe, native
coffin made of palm midribs
but only used for common
people.
Mombale, ., debt or credit, money
due to a person.
momene mombale, creditor.
mot'd mombale, debtor.
mombale mo yeye, his credit or
money due to him.
anga na mombale, he is in debt,
he is a debtor.
wele mombale, to become in
debted, become a debtor.
Mombanda, //. , leper.
Monibati, ., breeches, drawers,
pants, trousers.
Mombelenge, //. = lombelenge.
Mombembe, ., kind of large
snail.
Mombembe, n., ligature.
Mombenzele, ., constellation not
yet identified ; ind. , thin (of
person).
Mombete, ., kind of fish, see
mololu.
Mombeya, . = mobeya.
Mombili, n. , grime, soot.
Mombito, n., kind of snake, puffadder.
Mombo [//. miombo], n. , fruit of
bombo.
Mombo [//. miombo], n. = liyita.
Mombbko, n. , method of fishing ;
adamofnkala is made across
a creek, and after the fish have
passed up and.the river subsided

Momboko (continued).

somewhat, then this dam of

nkala is drawn nearer shallow
water, and the fish are killed
generally by spearing. From
the amount of time this opera
tion requires the word is used
colloquially for a long job.
Mombole, //., pimple.
Mombolo, ., pupil of eye.
Mombblongo, n., kind offish.
Momboma, ., kind of small fish
with coloured tail.
Mombombolo, . , kind of creeper
used for making shields.
Mombongo, </. , shaft of paddle.
Mombongo, ., commerce, trading,
commercial transaction.
luka mombbngo, to trade.
moluki d mombongo, broker,
trader.
[person.
Mombbti, 2, n., foreign coloured
Mombbto, ., grain, seed, off
spring ; character, nature,
quality, temperament.
na mombbto moko, akin.
ndako c mombbtd, capsule of
seed, pod, boll.
Mombuma, n. = lombuma.
Mome, abbrevintedform afmoraene.

Momeko, n., effort, enterprise, ex

amination, exercise, experi
ment, ordeal, probation, prob
lem, test, thing given to taste
or try, trial, venture.
momeko mo yambo, foretaste.
Momembli, //. , unfaithful person.
Momene, ., owner, possessor,
proprietor.
This word does
not require the adjectival parti
cle to precede a defsuitive noun
in adj. cl. ; but before pronouns
the adjectival particle is used.
The word is frequently abbre
vinted into mome ; and the
essentinl syllable of the word is
affixed to the pronouns as -inc.
to give them a reflexive sense.
momene ndako, householder.
momene mwana, owner of a
child.

MOME-MONCA

( 184 )

Momene (continued).
momene d yeye, his owner.
momene bisengo, happy person.
Momeni, n. = momene.
Momeya, n. , kind of very lightcoloured millipede.
Momiaka, n. = momianga.
Momianga, n., drizzling rain,
small shower.
Mominga, n., iron anklet.
Momiomio, n. , cane, thin stick.
Memo, vt. , to fumble about, grope
along.
Momongo, ., lurching of canoe,
rolling motion.
Mompa, ., duster, piece of cloth
less than a fathom.
Mompakia, i/., appendage, extra
person not regularly belonging
to the company, insertion.
Mompala, n. , steeped cassava not
yet roasted.
Mompandi, . , funeral procession.
busa mompandi, //., to walk
about bewailing the dead.
lekisa mompandi, tambwisa
mompandi, to form a funeral
procession.
Mompanga, n., kind of fish trap.
Mompanzi, . , dependent, escort.
Mompata, n., forearm, cubit.
Mompe, ., wind.
mompe mb bwe'ta, whirlwind.
mompe mbkopupa, the wind
blows.
[blows fiercely.
mompe mokote'nya, the wind
Mompembe, n., kind of likoko.
Mompende, . , calf of leg, shank ;
kind offish, see noinga.
mompende mo ncinga, straight
calf of leg.
Mompiekote, ., relish, seasoning,
snack of food eaten before a
meal.
Mompikb, ::. = mpiko.
[tree.
Mompiko. ., trunk of body or
Mompimba, ., flesh between
spine and sides.
Mompipa, ., kind of swelling
frequently in groin or armpit,
bubo.

Mompipingi, ., kind of small

bee.
Mompo, n. , fasting (in mourning
for the dead).
Mompbkwa, ., evening time ;
kind of edible fungus.
Mompble, n., dried plantain frond.
Mompolo, //., docile, gentle, meek
or quiet person.
Mompombo, n., kind of nouedible fungus.
Momponga, n., walking stick.
Mompongo, n. , running plant the
very succulent leaves of which
are eaten ; name used it is said
on Sanga river for horse.
Mompongo, //., kind of very
large fish.
Mompopa, ., air bladder of fish
= montbbya.
Mompuluka, ., edible plant, pot
herb.
Mompupa, n. , growing animal or
person advancing into matur-

"y- .
Mompupela, //. = mompupa.
Momputa, . , maize pudding,
mashed food, plantain pud
ding.
Momwatangano, .. gesture.
Momwetengeno, ., grimace, ges
ture.
Monanga, n. , rich (and therefore
chief) person.
Monano, //.. headway up stream,
journey up stream.
Moncancako, //. -_ moncasako.
Moncancala, n. , kind of fish.
Moncanga, ., fashion of wearing
cloth by women at a funeral,
narrow strip stretched between
legs and tied by string round
waist.
Moncanganzebu, //.. large kind
of bird.
Moncanya, n., kind of cray fish.
Moncasako, //.. kind of plant rushlike in growth, having a root
with an aroma like ginger,
ginger.
Monoasi, n. , tail.

( 185
Moncato, ., kind of large plan
tain fruit.
Monce, //., kind of grass.
Monce, 2, ., native, indigene, in
habitant ; n, land, country.
banco bakali, aborigines.
Moncece, n., oozing of water
from vessel, leak, spring of
water.
Monceke, //., rock salt.
Moncencende, n. , kind of plant.
Moncenge, ., band, belt, girdle,
strap.
moncenge mo tolima or likbswa, life or safety belt.
Moncesele, //. , lizard.
Moncila, ., kick.
Moncisa, n. , artery, bloodvessel,
capillary, ligament, vein.
Moncobo, n. , gut, intestine ; //. ,
entrails, garbage.
Moncoi, n. , disease of feet.
Moncble, n., ulceration of uterus.
Moncblo, n. = moncece.
Monconcongo, ., kind of prick
ly leaf used to poison fish, and
also used in making an aperi
ent.
Moncondi, n. , trigger.
Moncondi, n. , jump, spring.
Moncongi, //.. dive.
Moncongilaka, n. = mosbngilaka.
Moncongbti, -.-. = lopambo.
Moncosi, ., stick to clean pipe
with.
Moncume, //. = mosutu.
Moncunde, //., kind of grass.
ndongo ll mincunde, young
shoots of this grass which have
very sharp points.
Moncwele, n., fountain, spring (of
water).
Moncweli, n., splinter.
Mondambo, //.. kind of plantain
pudding in which plantains are
smashed into one another with
a club.
Mondange, ., cassava bush or
Mondeka-nzela, /////.. traveller.

MONCA-MONDO

Mondele, n, //.. European, white

man.
mondele mo Nyambc'. a mis
sionary.
mondele mb ndbmbi, a coloured
man who lives as a white man.
Mondende, ., tribal (transverse)
cicatrix on forehead.
Mondendeke, /-.. corn cob, leaf
or fruit stalk, stem.
Mondendi, n., strip of cloth.
Mondenge, //., splinter of bark
or stick ; in delivering a speech
the speaker generally holds in
his hands a few of these, and
as each statement is concluded,
one is thrown down. A piece
of plantain bark is also usually
carried by a runaway slave
who is desirous of being
bought away from present
master ; and the acceptance of
this is a promise to buy.
mondenge mo eseno, lucifer
match.
Mondengu, . , kind of tree, the
wood of which emits a vile
smell and is useful for making
rafters ; the bark is used as an
enema to procure abortion.
Mondikampikd, //., kidney.
Mcndo [pl., mibndb], ., red col
our.
mondb mb nkbka, crimson.
Mondb [pl., miondb], n., kind of
small frog with long legs.
Mondoko, n., selling by auction.
teke mondoko, to sell by
auction.
Kondblo, n, n. , diligent person,
industrious person.
Mondonda, ., growth (described
as abscess) in eye.
Mondondoli, //. ntendi.
Mondonga, //.. leucorrhoea.
Mondonga, . , kind of antelope.
Mondbngb mb moikako, ///-/.,
kind of pepper, fetish which
brings trade to owner.
Mondoti, n. , piece of meat or fish.
mondoti mb ebwele, steak.

MONGA-MONI

1 86 )

Monga [mionga], n. = molongo.

Mongala, . , long house.
Mongale, ., short bundle of cam
wood.
Mongana, v.i., to lurch, rock, roll.
Monganda, n. , boggy place.
Monganga, n. , frame for drying
fish, stage, wine from felled
palm.
Mongango, n., bow (for arrows).
Mongangu, n., scoop for baling
out water.
Mongano, ., daintiness, fancy,
fancifulness,
fastidiousness,
whim.
Mongatana, vs., to list (of canoes).
Mongbb, ndj., easily broken.
Mongbbkb, n., roll of padded
savedlist worn as a belt.
Mongb/ikut.ii, i/., very corpulent
person.
Mongei, n. , icy coldness.
Mongeke, ., goitre, large swell
ing on neck.
Mongele, ., backbone.
Mongenga, n., stone, kernel, seed
(of nut).
[river.

Mongiya, //. . unripeness.

Mbngb,^ro. yd sing, class n.
Mongo, ., large debt.
Mongbbele, ., kind of cassava. .
Mongolb, ., funnel made of cala
bash.
Mongolo, ., highway, street, welltrodden path; dried tobacco leaf.
Mongololo, ., grain (of wood).
Mongolomba, n., bell at end of
stick.
Mongbmbe, n., smearing of cam
wood on forehead.
Mongombwa, n. , large brass collar.
Mbngbme, pron. reft, yd sing.
class n.
Mbngbmiokd, I, ,~., contentious
person.
Mongomocgo, vs., to be peevish,
be petulant, glance contemptu
ously, receive unwillingly.
Mongbngb, ., larynx, windpipe.

Mongongolo, . . mongomongo.
Mongono nopekele, vph., to be
seech, entreat piteously, im
plore, importune, plead ear
nestly, supplicate.

Mongengele, ., all people down

Mongukutu, //. = mongbukutu.

Mongenza, . , a referring of re
sponsibility to another.
bwaka mongenza, to deny re
sponsibility, refer responsibility
to another, lay blame on some
one else.

Monguma, n. , piece of steeped

and peeled cassava boiled with
out further breaking it.
Mongumbe, ., hut, small tempor
ary dwelling, tabernacle.
mongumbe mb bilamba, tent.
Moiigv.n;! ,//. , adversary, enemy, foe.
Mongunga, //., scream.
Monguta, ., lumpy kind of salt.

Monginzu, ., pipe, reed, tube.

mongenzu mo ndumbele, chim
ney.
mongenzu mo tambwisa (mai)
nyalala, syringe.
Mongiangili, ., kind of fish.
Mongili, n, n. , monogamy, mono
gamist, monandrist, wife who
is restricted to one husband.
kete mongili, to restrict a wife
to one husband.
Mongimisa, . , pain of sore which
extends to other unaffected
parts.

Mongindandalo mb mai,///., ice.

Mongingi, //., beaten
pudding.

plaintain

Mongutu, /,-. = mongbukutu.

Monguya, n. , kind of fish, fee
ncinga.
Mongwende, ., ambassador, dele
gate, representative.
Moninga, ., fellow, friend, mate,
neigbbour ; when used with
meaning of fellow it is not
usual to use the adjectival par
ticle before the following defini
tive noon.
moninga moto, fellow man.
moninga
moyekoli, fellowdisciple.

( 187 )
Moninginya, n., firebrand requir
ing shaking.
Moningitiki, n, ., thin person.
Monkaka, ., cleft, crack, crevice,
fissure ; severe pain, pang of
childbirth.
Monkala, n., kind of disease of
eye ; kind offish.
Monkama, ., hundred.
Monkambi, n. , chewed refuse, fibre
which has been chewed, separ
ating of the edible from the
inedible in mouth.
Monkana, ., book, document.
monkana mblokbta, dictionary.
monkana mo malilingi, album.
monkana mo miango mi bise,
atlas.
monkana mo mibeko, law.
monkana mo tanga, reading
book.
monkana mombe Nyambe, the
Bible.
minkaua, /.'., literature.
Monkandi, ., authority, jurisdic
tion, mastery, right, warrant.
monkandl mo momeno, pre
rogative.
elembo 6 monkandi, credential.
pe . . . monkandi or pe
monkandi bmbe, to autho
rise.
Monkanga, //. , hymen.
Monkaiiga, ., forenoon, midmorning.
monkanga mb mwasi, about 8
a.m.
monkanga mb mobali, about
IO a.m.
Monkanza, n., hair on body ; dor
sal fin.
monkanza mb nkingb, mane.
Monkate, ., cloth drawn tightly
through legs.
Monkei, ., contentiousness, iras
cibility, shrewishness, fieriness
(of temper).
Monkelenge, //.. lath, spline.
yikela monkclenge b zelu, to
kill by compressing spline
across throat.

MONI-MONKO

Monkene, ., kind of fish, see

menga.
Monkenga, ., prepared garden
bed.
Monkengi, /.-., carrier's small bas
ket.
Monkese, ., kind of tree; na
tives use it for making handles
and pestles.
Monketo, u. = moketu.
Monkilili, ., kind of fish rather
bloody and said to be eaten
only by old people.
Monkilili, //. = mondendeke.
Monkima, ,/. , groan, sigh.
Monkinza, ., wind from anus.
neke monkinza, to break wind.
Monkita, ., conical drum.
Monkoi, ., gunwale, side of any
vessel.
Monkoko, ., flannelette.
Monkoko, . , funis, umbilical cord.
Monkoko, n., sugar, sugar cane.
monkokb mb mokwa, salt made
by burning bikokb.
Monkbkulaka, ., elbow.
Monkolango, .. shin.
Monkole, n.. rainbow.
Monkole, //. = nkole.
Monkolo, n. , kind of snail.
Monkbma, //.. volley.
pula or bola monkbma, to fire
a volley.
Monkombe, . , kind of creeper.
Monkbmbbka, n, //., person
whose doings has given him or
her prominence.
Monkbmbolb, n. -- moboboli.
Monkondo, ., first finger bent
like a hook, blow with the
same.
Mokbnga, ., kind of fish which
is at first kata.
Monkonga, ., scanty or suppressed
menstruation.
Monkongb, ., general name for
edible caterpillar.
Monkonko, //., kind of bat mak
ing a metallic sound.
Monkonb, ., kind of small leo
pard or bush-cat.

MONKO-MONTO

( 188 )

Monkbsi, . likembu.
Monkoso, n., frame of nkala,
which is let down from canoe
to catch fish, the lower end
being kept in the canoe.
Moukota, . , clubbing together,
each member taking all the
earnings in turn, or in which
all the members work together
the land belonging to each in
turn.
Monkoti, n., small sized parcel
tied like a sack.
Monkbto, ., garment fitting to
body.
uionkbto mb bosubiaka, sing
let, waistcoat.
monkoto mb likolb, coat,
jacket.
monkoto mb makolo, breeches,
pants, trousers.
monkoto mb moi, shirt, vest.
monkoto mb mpese, coat of
mail.
Monkuka, //., kind of drum, flat
and hollow, beaten on the side ;
kind of tree.
Monkukia, n. , stoneless palm
nut.
Monkuku, n, ., person or crea
ture who does not sing.
Monkuku, 1 1 , n. , game in which
one bids his fellows laugh and
they laugh and become quite
grave, he then dances about
and pokes fun at them until
one laughs, and this one takes
his turn until he makes some
one laugh. When the game is
concluded they sing a teasing
song to one of their number
who could not make his fellows
laugh.
Monkundu mb mwete, nph. , al
burnum, sapwood.
IilonUiis.i, n. , gun lock.
Monkuta, n, , half-finished ridge
on roof, arranged but not fast
ened down ; cassava root which
has been steeped, kneaded, once
boiled or not boiled at all.

Monkuta, . , dismal and dull day,

murky, gloomy or sombre wea
ther.
Monkwankbmbi, n. , kind of ant
that infests bonkwankbmbi.
Mono, n., drug, medicine, poison,
remedy.
mono mb lekisa moi, aperient,
physic.
mono mb ngbli, narcotic.
ndako e mono, capsule of medi
cine.
Monbke, n., tip of palm nut.
Monongi, n., clitoris.
Mononi, //. ---- mwendi,
Monta (Fr.), n, n., watch.
Montabala, n. = ebimbo.
Montaka, n. , arrogance, deliberate
wrong-doing, presumption.
Montala, n. = lumu.
Montamba, 2, n., serf, slave.
montamb'd inwene, female
slave, bondwoman.
montamb'd bwele, male slave,
bondman.
Montamunya, n. = monyamu.
Monteke, n. , night work.
Montela, n. , kind of shrub used
as an escharotic for sores.
Montembe, n, //., male incapable
of sexual intercourse.
Montembe, n. = mondendeke.
Montentei, n. , firefly = ntendi.
Monteti, n. , cantankerousness,
contentiousness, factiousness,
quarrelsomeness.
Montiantenga, . , kind of fish.
IVIontika, ., balance left, remain
der, remnant, residue, tiny
plantain at one end of stalk,
youngest child.
Montili, n., line, streak, stripe.
montili mb mabunu, crooked
line.
[line.
montili mb sembo, straight
montili mb ybkb, curved line.
Montina, . , pipe head.
Montinga, ., medium sized par
cel tied like a sack.
Montb, n. , bone in pectoral fin of
cat-fish.

MONTO-MONYU

Montoba, ., blow with knuckle.

Monyangeli. ., host.
Montbbya, . , sixth finger or toe, Monyango, . , duty (on goods),
sty in eye = montobe =
impost, levy, tax, tribute.
mompopa.
monyango mo nce, land tax.
Montbki, ., kind of frog.
le monyango, to levy duty, im
Montole, n., long brimless hat of
post or tax.
chief, crown, kind of edible Monyangu, ndj., unripe (of plan
fungus, = mosengoli.
tain).
Montblu, n. , navel.
Monyanyi, n. , carrier.
montolu mo molangi, false Monye, ., abundance of dress and
bottom of bottle.
decoration, kind of dance,
Montbmba, //., long bundle of
hair pin of twisted wire.
camwood.
le monye, to be highly clothed
Montomo, n., luncheon.
and decorated.
Montbndblo, n. , amomum.
Monyeke, //,//. = monyeki.
Montonga, . , hair pin.
Monyeke, naf., green, unripe (of
Montbnge, ., booty, captive,
maize).
plunder, prisoner of war, spoil Monyeki, ndj., quickly (walking),
(people).
strongly (paddling).
Montbngele, n, n., female animal Monyenge, n. , smearing of much
or person not yet a mother.
oil on body.
Montbngo, n. , walking stick.
Monyenginyi, ., brace (for bit),
Montonto, n. , crack in joint when
corkscrew, gimlet.
finger is pulled.
eyeli 6 monyenginyi, bit for
Montula, .. leopard cat, wild
brace.
cat.
Monyengu, u.lj. = monyangu.
Montulu, ., cartilage, gristle, Monyengu, n. , old cloth.
muscle, sinew, tendon.
Monyenyenge, ., kind of bird,
Montuma, ., sceptre, staff of '
egret, heron.
chief, walking stick of chief.
Monyibana [monyi-monyi], vs. ,
Montumu, n. = montuma.
to be indolent, be powerless,
Montwantuma, n. = lintwantube slothful, be slow, be slow
ma.
paced, be tardy, be unequal to
Monuako, n. , drunkenness, sottishtask, dawdle, lag, work lazily.
monyibana na bolobi, to drawl.
ness.
mome monuako, drunkard, sot. Monyo, vt., to gather one's gar
Monuela, n. = monuako.
ments together.
Monyaki, n. , handful of grass, etc. Monyoko, ., adventure, danger,
Monyalangatand, n. , a. vast over
difficulty, hardship, hazard,
spreading.
jeopardy, peril, persecution,
monyalangatand mo mai,
risk, torment, torture.
great flood, deluge.
buna na minyoko, to be in
Monyale, n, n., husband's sisterjeopardy.
in-law, wife's brother-in-law.
Monyuku, n. = ngotb.
Monyamu, ., bite, morsel, sop.
Monyble, ., pet name for cat.
Monyanga, n., cordiality, delight, Monyoli, n., kind of plant.
enjoyment, enthusiasm, good Monyunya, ., crease, crinkle,
humour, hospitality, rapture,
corrugation, wrinkle.
reception, welcome.
Monyunyi, n. , cupper, one who
Monyanga, . , very open saved,
sucks blood medically.
list or other cloth, flimsiness.
Monyuta, n. monyunya,

MONZA-MOSA

( 19o )

Monzanga, //., piece of copper

formerly used as coinage, slug
for gun ; midday, noon.
Monzaso, . , porcupine quill ;
female incapable of sexual in
tercourse.
Monzemba, n., kind of bird.
Monzembe, //., kind of tree,
bark smells like garlic, taken in
wine by the Bobangi, in other
districts used as a flavouring in
food, used also as an aperient.
Monzc/ize, //,, dismay, fright, tre
pidation.
Monzenzele, ., kind of fly
building nest of mud.
Monzinda, ., frown, unwilling
ness.
kanga minzinda, to frown.
pe iia minzinda, to grudge.
Monzo [//. mionzo], n., tusk of
ivory.
Monzoi, ,/. lonzoi.
Monzombe, //.. sap of a kind of
creeper called bonzombe,
which is said to be of use in
healing yaws on feet.
Monzuku, n., elephantiasis.
Monzunze, n., kind of bird,
wagtail.
Mcombe, ., kind of wasp which
builds mud nest.
Mcongi, n., hair, hair of beard.
mcongi mo loswc, short hair.
Mobngola.. ,/.. detached blade.
Mcongongo, ., kind of tree
growing on river bank.
Mcongongo, ., core of mature
plantain.
Mconyony oii, /:.. kind of soft
leaf.
Mcosi, . , curl.
Mcosbli, ' . , tear drop.
Mopamo, -. shout.
Mopeki, ., fornicator, harlot,
prostitute.
Mopengo, . , bias, deviation, error,
prejudice, vice.
T-Iopolanzci. //.. short tusk of
ivory, about two or three in
ches long.

Mopulaka, . , kind of plant, leaves

of which are edible.
Mopupa, n, ., immature person.
Mopuso, ., ransom money, etc.
Mopuswangani, ., plant, etc.,
grown up again.
Moputani, 2, n., associate ; 1 1 ,
addition, that which is added.
Moputano, ., federation, fellow
ship, sum.
Mosaka, . , palm oil food, gravy,
thick soup ; kind of bird.
Mosako, n. , alarm, announcement,
item of information, sign of
tidings of wife's death sent to
the father-in-law in the form of
money.
Mosakwa, n., hammer ; the native
one has no handle the head
being grasped by the hand.
Mosali, . , deacon, employee, far
mer, labourer, servant, work
man.
mosali d nclako, domestic serMosalisi, ., employer.
[vant.
Mosalisi, n. , customer.
Mosalo, n., product, production,
result of work done, work
done ; pl. garden produce.
Mosamba, i/.. wife married bosamba fashion.
Mosambako, //. , beam, joist.
Mosambako, n. , passenger.
Mosanga, ., the gristly bone of
nzombo.
Hosango, //.. captiousness.
Mosango, . , act of homage, con
gratulatory gift to person on
recovery from illness, greeting
to chief, shout of acclamation.
Kosanzo, .. encomium, eulogy,
glory (spoken words), panegy
ric, praise, word of exultation.
Mosasa, //.. eaves, verandah.
Hosasangi, . , kind of plant
with leaves smooth and of
acrid taste, grows after the
fashion of an orchid, white
flower edged with crimson,
leaves used as an expectorant
and emetic.

MOSE-MOSO

Mose, ., crystal pebble found on

sandbanks, hailstone ; //. gra
vel.
Mosebi, . , palm wine gatherer ;
mantis.
Mosei, . , finger, toe.
mosei nib bongo, thumb or
great toe.
mosei engulu, stump of cut-olf
finger.

mosei mo mobali, forefinger.

mosei mo ndbmi, first finger.
mosei mo nkako or ntundu,
little finger.

bosano bo misei, game in

which the fingers are counted
quickly by means of catch
words, 4th fingermb ndindi,
3rd longbmbi, 2nd mai
mpbngb, 1st nkitambe,
thumb ebuki e mdkwa e
pelengeneke, pelo.

Mosese-nzombo, //. , kind of grass.

Moscso, ii. , greeting, salutation ;
in /'!. regards, compliments.
ta mise'so, to salute (fetishes)
with various salutations.
Mos ij to to, . , ignoring of good ad
vice or prudent course, impru
dence, indiscretion, inordination.
Moscto, ., funeral dance.
Mosi, ., member of society, native
of. This requires no adjecti
val particle to precede definitive
noun.

mosi ekanga, citizen.

mosi etuka, townsman.
mosi lingbmba, church member.
mosi mabbko masiso, Gentile.
mosi zamba, bushman.

Mosc'i, n. = mpapo.
Moseka, n. , hamper, large carrier's
basket.
Mosekisi, . , chairman, conductor
of a palaver.

Mosika, //., distance, extent ; ndj.,

far, remote.
Mosiki , . , pointed barbless spear.
Mosikiso, n. , admonition, com
mandment, instruction, order,
ordinance.
Mosikiti, ,/. , biscuit.
Mosila, n. , kind of monkey.

Mosekb, 2, . = mokutu.

Mosimano, //. . eso.

Moselako, ., curse, bane.

Mosele, ndj. , out of square.
Moselengu, ., tree in hard state
which motokb and mobotb
become, durable tree, ironwood.
Mosemba, ., anthill.
Mosembako, n., beam of wood.
Mosembo, //. , dirge, humming.
Moseme, ., serpent, snake.
Mosendu, ., small piece of fire
wood.
Mosenge, n. , row of houses.
Mosenge, ., kind qf tree.
Mosengi, n., drummer.
Mosengoli, ., a going out at
night to seek a fellow of the
opposite sex for sexual pur
poses.

Mosinga, //.. channel, current.

Mosinga, ., cord, line, string,
twine.
Mosingo, . , liniment, ointment.

Mose'd, . = mose'so.

Mosdkotano, n., excitement, exer

tion, inordination.
rviosble. n., money.
mosblb mb bopbta munya,
hush money.

Moseseke, ., pipe stem, kind

of bamboo used for pipe stems.
Moseseli, n. , kind of creeper,

Mosingwa, ./., basin.

Mosisoli, //.. mocker.
Mosiyo, n. = mosambako.
JVIOKO, ii. = mosambako.
Mosobi, n. , kind of earthworm.
Mosbbo, //. moncbbo.
Mosoi, . , one-barbed spear.
Mosoki, n., sinner, transgressor.
Mosokb, n. , cove, harbour, port.
Mosbkb, . , dining room, porch,
public room.
Mosokokoli, //., kind of black
biting ant.
[fungus.

Mosokoldko, . ., kind of edible

Moso-Moxi
Mosolo (continued),

mosblo mb bosbld, cash.

bola mosblo, to lose money in
gambling.
1c mosblo, to fine.
mosolo mo nkuku, bribe.
Mosolo. ., stream, brook, kind
of singing bird.
Mosombi, ., kind of plant leaves
of which are edible.
Mosombi. n., eel.
Mosbmbo, ., cone, purchased
article.
Mosombb, ii. = monkuta.
Mosomo, //. , kind of antelope.
Mosomo, n., applause, plaudit,
shout of disapprobation or ap
probation.
Mosbngilaka, ., skewer, stick of
skewered fish, string of beads,
thread for beads.
Mosongo, . , kind of tree giving
nuts called ngeli.
Mosongo, ., heart of palm, palm
cabbage.
Mo.soni. 2, ., penman ; n, pen.
Mosono, //. - lisono.
Mosbsa, //., immature tree.
Mosbso, n.. kind of plant the
leaves of which are edible.
Mosuba, /!.. large bundle tied
like a sack.
Mosukeli, ., intercessor.
Mosulnsi, . , concluder of palaver,
the person who brings one to
his journey's end.
Mosuku, /.-.. kind of pumpkin
which has seeds called mpusa.
Mosumani, . - eso.
Mosumba, n. , short journey, a
return made same day.
Mosunga, ., token on article to
signify that it has been be
spoken, or token arranged as
personal reminder, as string
round the finger.
kanga mosung.a, to tie such a
token.
Mosungi, n., accomplice, assistant,
helper.
Mosiim, n. , flesh, meat, steak.

192 )
Mosutu, //.. foreskin.
Mosutumpo, .v., field rat.
Moswa, n. , ramrod, kind of fish.
Moswasbbe, n., kind of shrub
which grows in grass plains
and burns well as fuel and
gives good charcoal.
ftfotaki, ., senior, adult.
BXotako mb cyeli, //l'//., time of
new moon.
Motala (Eng.), n, n., mortar (brick
laying).
Motali, ., bystander, spectator.
Motambo, ., snare, kind of trap
for animals.
Motambwisand, //. . intercourse.
Motambwisi d ncango ndanm,
nph., evangelis/.
Motambwisi d ngala, see llsongb.
Motamunya, . - montamunya.
Motando, n., kind of cooking
pot.
Motango, n., abusive name, scandaK
Motand, //., loveliness.
Motatalu, //<//. , .--, , litama.
Motato, n. , testimonial, testimony,
witness, words spoken in wit
nessing.
Motatoli, //., witness.
motatoli d bobonoko, eye
witness.
Moteki, n.. salesman.
Moteli, ., height, altitude,
stature.
Motemi, n. , beggar.
Motena, n. , sudden death.
Motenaka, . , long piece of wood
used as a bench.
Motendi, ., critic, judge.
Motendb, ., drinker's charm ;
in pl. irons beaten together in
fetish palaver.
Bfotenganaki, //.'/.. see liso.
Motete, ., carrier's basket made
from palm fronds.
Motiki-tiki, ' in proverbs only, =
boko-boko.
Motima. ., kind of trap made of
nkala and put across stream.
Motindo, //., despatch, thing sent.

( 193 )

Motitoli, ., laundry iron.

Koto [//. miotb], ., star.
moto mo bonzbku, star not yet
identified.
lltanda ll miotb, constellation.
Moto, ., any one, human being,
person.
moto na moto, every one, each
one.
mot'o bolmgo, loving person.
mot'o lunin, celebrity.
mot'd ngai d bolingo, my be
loved one.
lo-moto-lb-moto, different from
each other, distinct.
Motoba, a., six.
Motokb, n. , kind of tree, which
furnishes a very hard wood.
Motoko, n. , kind of fig tree.
Motondele, n. botondl.
Motondb, //. = mbbnga.
Motondolo, n., bright planet,
Saturn or Jupiter, or both.
Motbngi, //., builder.
Motongi, ., sewer of cloth.
Motbngo, . = montbngo.
Motongo, n., hem, place sewn,
seam, stitch.
Mototo, ., caulking material made
of young protruding frond of
palm ; cambric, muslin, thin
calico ; crack of fingers when
pulled.
[feather.
Mototo [/>/. mibtbto], /.-., tail
Motbto, n. , crackling in fire.
Mototb, n. = etotbkb.
Motbtbli, n., whistle (by mouth).
Motuki, n., heir, succeeder to
position.
Motuli, n. , forgeman, blacksmith.
Motutuba, n., napkin or towel
made from creeper.
Motutumisi, //. , bedfellow.
Motuya, n. , amount, cost, expense,
extent, number, price, quan
tity, rate, value, worth.
motuya mb kakola, dividend.
motuya moko, item.
lingongo ll motuya, account,
bill.
wcla motuya, to bargain.

MOTI-MOYE

Motwa, . , person who lives in the

forest with no settled place of
abode, appearing only to towns
folk when he has meat for sale.
Motwane. ., kind of sweet
cassava root.
Mouli, n. , air, atmosphere, breatb,
gas, steam, vapour,
i.iouli mb likolo, atmosphere.
Moundola, . - moyundbla.
Mowa, ., epidemic, pestilence,
plague.
Mowaindo, ., kind of plant
which gives a blue colour when
rubbed in the hands.
Mowaki, n. , dead person.
Mowalangand, n., dissimulation,
double dealing, guile, hypo
crisy.
Mowa-mpio, nph., cassava steeped
again after being peeled.
Moweli d nongo, nph. , substitute.
Mowewe, n. , ague, fever.
mowewe mb mwese, sunstroke.
Mowi, n. = mowaki.
mowi d masomb, jealous person.
Mowb, n., cassava root left long in
ground.
Mowblbkb, ., reckless squander
ing.
Mowongo, n. . bowongo.
Mowbwb, ., gun barrel.
Moyalo, . , bier for sitting corpse
upright.
Moyambi, n. , believer, intermedi
ary in a marriage, receiver.
Moyambo, n. = moambo.
Moyango, //. = moango.
Moyebi, ., elder brother of bro
ther, elder sister of sister; in
adj. clauses, senior.
moyebi d bongbi, a man's elder
male cousin, woman's elder
female cousin.
Moyekasand, ,'/. , experience by
attainment, habit.
Moyekiaka, ., crosspiece resting
on two poles as in native scaf
fold for hanging culprits, gal
lows, stick or beam forming the
long side of a bed.

MOYE-MPE

( 194 )

Moyekii, n. , see lisongb.

Moyekoli,. . , disciple, learner.
Moyekwaka, n. = moyekiaka.
Moyeli, n. , cunning person.
Moyeli, ., passing shadow.
Moyeli, n. , orphan.
Moyelo, n. , means of deliverance.
Moyeneli, ., visitor.
Moyenjfwa, n. , one who does not
bewitch.
Moyeseni, n., delinquent, heretic,
wrong doer.
Moyibi, n. , burglar, thief.
Moyikako, //. -- moikako.
Moyiko, . = moikp.
Moyiko, n. = moiko.
Moyikola, n, n. , child born
subsequent to twins.
Moyimbb, n. = moimbb.
Moyimi, . , stingy or greedy
person.
Moyindela-busa, ., kind of
flying insect.
Moyindo, n. = moindo.
Moyitako, n. , retribution, ven
geance.
Moybkb, ., indigent or poor
person.
Moyokbli, ., caterer, provider.
Moyomi d mpotb, ///>//., potter.
Moyotbli mo bumba, /////. , span
ner.
Moyotwangano, ., epilepsy,
paroxysm.
Moybyb, ., hard dried meat.
Moyoyo, ., hot sun.
Moybnzb, n., healthy, strong per
son.
Moyuli, n. - mouli.
Moyulu, 1!. = moulu.
Moyumbwangani, n., gymnast.
Moyumola-ngombo, ., kind of
fierce biting fly.
Moyundola, ., coping, ridging of
roof.
Mozaki, n., stakes paid over to
winner in lobesi.
Mozengengalo, //., equilibrium.
Mozinga, //., green-horn, ignora
mus, novice.
Mozo, ., death due.

Mozobo, ii., mischief, mischievousness, roguishness, prankishness.

Mozoko, //., wordy strife.
Mozungazung/, //. , heretic.
Mpaka, ., kind of bird, adju
tant ; gum copal ; candle,
lamp.
Mpakatbi, n., cicatrix on temples.
Mpala, //.. race.
bela mpala, to race.
Mpala] a, //. - .-_ mpala.
Mpama, ., inland district from
Lukolela.
Mpamba. ., cipher figure, for no
thing, free, nothing, zero.
se mpamba, gratis, vain.
Mpambangoi, n. , kind of creeper
with stinging leaves.
Mpambo, ., muscle part of arm.
Mpana, n. , cloth with blue and
yellow stripe.
Mpande, //., kind of palm nut
from molilo and libuku,
kernel used to make fish poi
son.
Mpandi, ., shaft of spear or ar
row.
Mpangala, ., cable, rope, strong
cord made from nkinga, wirerope.
Mpapanga, n., kind of bird,
crow.
Mpapo, n., extraordinary matter,
fresh fact, ingenious thing,
mysterious invention, start. ling thing.
Mpasa, //., apex, end of a creek,
extremity, lobe (of ear), peak,
pinnacle, point, summit, tail
of fish, tip, top, top of trees.
mpas'e libele, nipple of breast
or udder.
mpas'e liso, outer corner of
eye.
mpas'e likaka, sole of foot.
mpas'e molbko, midriff.
Mpe, adv. and conj., also, and,
too.

mpe na, likewise (put at begin

ning of sentence or phrase).

( 195)
Mpe, n. , direction, side, way
(indicated by some movement of
hand or body).
mp'eye, this diiection,in direction
of speaker.
mp'ena, that direction, in direc
tion of person addressed.
Mpcke, n., large hypertrophy of
scrotum or labia.
Mpela, n., annual rise of river
which takes place in the Bobangi district toward the end
of December.
Mpele, ., kind of variegated
plant, kind of snake.
Mpele, /, i/.- bwele.
Mpele, . , oil making by wringing
pulp of palm nuts.
Mpele-bikando, n., kind of fish.
Mpelu, n., Roman Catholic priest.
Mpumbe, . , waterway into the
land at high water.
Mpembo, . , unfertility of eggs.
Mpendi, . , tail of crocodile ; as
sistant fisherman.
Mpenge, n. , large sling bag, poke,
satchel, scrip.
Mpenza, ndj. , alone, only, by it
self, solitary.
mpenza kbngolo, elementary,
without adherents.
mpenza . . . mpenza, distinct.
(zambi ll) mpenza, exception.
Mpese, . , husk of palm fruit.
mpes'e liso, mucus from eye.
mpes'e litbi, wax of ear.
Mpeya, 5, n., second born of
twins.

Mpi, n. = ndbbi.
Mpia, . , keenness, pungency,
sharpness.
Mpiampika, ., peeled and dried
cassava. /
Mpika, ., crowdedness, density,
no more room, thickness (of
forest), tightness.
Mpikb, ., food or drink left over
from the previous day.
Mpiko, ., boldness, courage, en
durance, fortitude, restraint on
one's feelings, stoicism,

MPE-MPOLU

Mpiko (continued.)
mpiko e bobiki, patience.
Mpiko, i/., anything put to restrain
a tendency to tall, etc. , cable,
guy, prop.
Mpili, ., blue baft, dark-coloured
side of counter in lobesi.
mpili e ngomo, corded blue
baft.
mpili ek'eke, thin blue baft.

Mpimba, n. = ntungu.
Mpimba, n. = bonkutu.
Mpimo, . , mouth of a creek.
Mpindi, ., leads in printing office
plant, = eyeli.
Mpinga, ., snuff; natives often
ask a European for mpinga,
meaning thereby ammonia.

Mpingo, n., see elengo.

Mpinya, n.,= loinya.
Mpio, . , coldness, chill.
kutela mpio, to be chilly.
Mpita, //. -- inombili.
Mpiti, i/. = mombili.
Mpo, ., shrieking mania and
dance connected with it.
Mpo, . , mouse, rat ; colq. , biceps,
see also molbko.

Mpbkb, i/., see llso.

Mpoko, ., garden at back of
house.
Mpbkola, . , gulf, inlet from river,
water
by-way,
waterway
(generally narrow).
Mpbkblb, .. hole in a tree, hol
low in a tree, rabbet.
senge mpbkblb, to rabbet.

Mpbkblbkb, ii. = mpbkblb.

Mpbkwa, ., dusk, evening.
Mpoli, n., thing found and which
it is necessary according to
custom to bring to owner of
the part of land or river
where it is found, or to chief
if the finder be a slave.

Mpolb, //. bokoko.

Mpolo, //. lopolo.
Mpolu, n., slime left by standing
water, or found on things
which have been immersed
some time.

MPOMA-MPWE

( 196 )

Mpbma, ., breathing.
batisa mpbma, to inspire.
benda mpbma nde, to breathe
kela mpoma, to pant. [softly.
sundisa mpbma, to respire.
Mpbniba, I, ., elder, foreman,
headman, old person, princi
pal person, senior.
Mpombi, /v. , haze, mist ; ndj. ,
blind.
kitcla mpbmbi, to be befogged.
Mpompoli, n. , echo, resounding.
Mpondi, n., price of a slave.
Mpondo, n. = mpula.
Mpbnga, n. , soft leaf of two kinds,
used for wiping body; one
kind is from a plant of this
same name, the bark of which
is used for making slings,
and the fibre for making string.
The other kind is from a plant
called monyoli.
Mpbngele, . , appetite, craving.
akumi b mpbngele, he came
from that which gave him
appetite.
Mpongi, -/., kind offish.
Mpbngb, n., fruit stalk of plantain
when first appearing.
Mpongonyoli, //., kind of large
bird, vulture.
Mponya, ., aperture, gap, open
ing, room (to put anything),
space, square (of street).
mpony'e'luilu, doorway.
Mpbsa, . , desire, inclination,
longing, lust, motive, tendency,
wish.
mpbs'e mai or e nua, thirst.
mpbs'e tondo, thankfulness.
mpbsa poi-poi, fervour, incon
tinence.
senga mpbsn, to be disinclined.
ybkisa mpbsa, to incline.
Mposokb, n., cassava root steeped,
dried and crumbled, flour.
Mpbsbso, ., aperture, cavity, cre
vice, fissure, rift, slot, vent.
mpbsbso eke, cell.
Mpbta, ., abscess, cut, gash, sore,
wound.

Mpotb, ., bowl, cooking pot,

kettle, pan, vessel.
mpotb e lamba, saucepan.
mpotb e lengele sa, tea-pot.
Mpbtb, ., brass, white man's
land.
Mpou, ., child walking but still
unweaned, infant.
Mpukutu, n., ashes.
Mpula, ., excess, odd (of no par
ticular use), redundance, sur
plus.
mpul'e nongo, surplus of places,
plenty of room.
motuya mb mpula, odd num
ber.
senga mpula, to be deficient.
Mpuli, ., open place for assem
bling, palaver place in town.
Mpulu, . , foam, froth, lather,
scum.
mpulu ll mai ma mabele,
cream.
mpulu ll nzabango, soap suds.
kela or siiiga mpulu, to lather.
Mpumamoi, 5, . , one born with
a peculiarity, usually of child
who cannot eat engbele with
out vomiting.
Mpumba, //. llsekete.
Mpumbako, n. = mpumba.
Mpumbu, n., meal, powder,
specks, tiny pieces or lumps.
Mpumpu, ., whiteness.
Mpunda, //.. ass, donkey, mule.
Mpundu, ., mallet, club of wood.
Mpunzako, n. , excess of clothing,
mass of loose goods.
Mputu, ndj. , drear, solitary, un
inhabited, unoccupied.
Mpwalb, . , shaving of wood.
Mpwekete, n., narrowness, small.
Mpweme, n. , coming before right
time = ntungu.
Mpwe-mpwe [//. mpie-mpfe],
. , clearness from weeds, clean
ness from dirt.
Mpwempwe, ., kind of blister,
usually on feet.
Mpwempwe, n., whisper.

( 197 )
Mpwenene, //., kind of plant
the leaves of which are edible.
Mpwese, n., accident, blunder,
mistake, unintended result.
na mpwese, casual, by chance.
Hpwonb, ii. , kind of cloth belt.
Mnka, vt. , to cull, gather, harvest,
pluck, reap.
Muluku-muluku, /,/., fine (of
flour, etc.)
Mulungana [mulungu], vs., to

become powder.
' mulinginya, vc. , to abrade,
grind in mortar or as with a
muller, mumble, reduce to
powder by rubbing, triturate,
soften bread in gravy.
Munda [//. miunda], //.. pestle.
Mungamunga, ;:.-., to smile,
laugh.
[balance.
Mungatana, vs., to lose one's
mungitinya, . '- . , to roll over.
Mungbla, vt., to jeer, rail against,
revile, sneer at.
Mungwa, ,-. . - mungamunga.
Munya [//. miunya], ., ac
count, announcement, message,
mouth, nipple, orifice, report,
rumour, sharp point.
munya botu, indistinct speech.
munya mo bota, muzzle of gun.
m/mya mo libele, nipple of
breast.
munya mo likusa, back door.
munya mo londongo, point of
a needle.
munya mo mompe or ncengi,

window.
munya mo ndako, doorway.
munya mo ndanda, front door.
munya mb talatala, window.
munya mb wele, entrance.
munya motongb, nothing but
talk.
[ness.
munya mo nkongongb, lonelimunya te, dull pointed.
na yeye munya tu, he spoke in
such a way.
ngai (minkokb) b munya na
zu te, I have lost the taste for
(sugar).

MPWENE-MWANA

Mnnyangana, /-.. = munyu-

Munybla, ,-/.. to break up into

crumbs, granulate, mash, pow
der, pulverise.
munyua, vs., to be in crumbs,
be in powder.
Munyungana, ." :. , to be powdered,
be pulverised.
munyinginya, ;-.., to beat to
powder.
Musa, . -- misa.
Mutu [//. miutu], n. , head, intel
lect, intelligence, mind, sense,
reason ; blade of spear.
mutu mb banza, postage stamp.
mutu mb nzondo, face of anvil.
mutu mo sali, cleverness, quick
ness, said of one who dreams
true dreams, or of one who
shakes the esenzako or liseke
in a fetish palaver.
mutu mokou, cleverness.
mutu ndondo.long shaped head.
mutu yasala, intelligence.
b mutu, headlong.
b mutu mb, to an equivalent of.
Mwa, ind., always precedes the
noun or adjective qualified, to
express, with a singular noun
or adjective, diminution in
size or extent of quality ; with
a plural noun or adjective it
expresses diminution in quan
tity.
Mwaba [//. miaba], ., kind of
bird, brown heron.
Mwabondo ! /., babbndb], 2, .,
servant of woman given to her
by her master or husband.
Mwambbka | /''. bambbka], 2,
n., chum, close acquaintance,
friend ; in pl. household.
Mwambi, ., eight.
Mwana [pl. bana], ., child, de
scendant, subject ; ndj., equal.
mwan'o bondenga, bastard,
illegitimate child.
mwan'o bosb, first-born child.
mwan'o botaki ,v' d mpbmba,
elder son.

MWANA-NABU

( 198 )

Mwana (continued}.
mwan'd bwele, son.
mwan'd elenge, younger son.
mwan'o eteko, doll (European).
mwan'o mcbngbngb, doll (na
tive).
mwan'o mpenza, only child,
mwan'o ncabi, key.
mwan'o mwene, daughter.
mwan'd ntundu, last-born child.
Mwandu[/V. mianda], //., crew,
large canoe full of people.
Mwanga [/.'. mianga], i/., ebb
after mpela.
Mwanga [//. mianga], ., frond,
palm frond.
Mwanga, vin., to be awestruck,
be terrified, be terror-struck,
shiver, shudder, thrill.
Mwange [//. miange], //., roar,
shriek.
Mwanya [//. mianya], ., filed
tooth.
Mwanza[//. mianza], ., roof.
mwanza mo montole, or mosemba, hip-roof.
Mwasaso, n. , gape, yawn ; cohl. ,
funeral shriek or wail.
Mwasi [pl. basi], ., wife ; in adj.
clauses, left (hand, etc.)
mwasi d bongoi, wife's sister.
mwasi d bwele, wife's brother.
Mwasi, n. = mosi.
Mwasi [//. miasi], ., kind of
fish like herrings.
Mwatako [//. nriatakol. n., part
ing of hair.
Mwatangana, vs. , to gesticulate
with any part of the body,
move about constantly.
Mwebo [//. miebo], ., pulsation,
throb.
Mwele [//. miele], ., contra
diction, controversy, debate,
disputation, doubt.
le or yisa mwele, to dispute,
doubt.
Mwelele [//. mielele], ., kind
of tall grass.
Mweleli [//. mieleli], ., strong
current.

Mweli, n. = mweleli.
Mwende [//. miende], n. =
mompe'nde.
Mwindl [ />/. miendl], . , torch
generally of palm midrib.
Mwene [//. beiie], //., female,
woman.
mwene d libala, bride.
Mwenge [//. mienge], n., kind
of fish ; kind of mouth
disease.
Mwenge ]//. mienge], n., palm
blossom.
Mwengi [//. miongi], n. = lotbmo.
Mwengi |/7. miengi], n., kind
of small wound.
Mwese [//. miese], n., daylight,
sunlight, sunshine; colq., day
time.
mwese-mwese, game which
youngsters play in the water
when the clouds rush along
the sky hiding the sun at in
tervals ; they style themselves
the "children of the leopard,"
and cry for the sun until it
appears again, when they re
sume their play until the sun is
hidden again,
Mwete [//. miete], ., tree, wood,
stick.
mwete mb botbpe, bat.
mwa mwete, stick, twig.
Mwetengene, vs. , to distort, ges
ticulate (with the face).
Mwindl [//. mindl], ., root.
N

-na, demonstrative adj. which loses

its accent whenplacedon the adj.
particle, that (pointed out or
seen) ; see Grammar 39, 93.
Na [//. bana], inter. pron., who ?
lina ll yo na ? (//,'/ nde), what
is your name ?
Ufa, prep., by, with.

Nabunyi ekill na nkanzu li

boboi, ph., constellation of
the Southern Cross.

( '99 )
Nama, vin., to be tatty.be greased.
nama-nama, ind., fatty, greasy,
oily.
namisa, vc., to grease, lubricate,
oil.
Nana, vin. , to ascene! river, go up
stream.
Nanga, vt., to cross a bridge,
mount a ladder, move on any
thing placed between mover
and ground (as an insect on
wall or person), sail (of person).
nang'b nzbto nyongili, to crawl
slowly on body.
Nangananga, ind., walking on
heels.
Nangangala, vs., to be long and
thin (of legs).
Naagbla, vt., to be audacious to
wards, be impudent towards,
lord over.
Nani, </fl^. , as yet ; in reply to ques
tion and used by itself alone, it
means, not yet.
nani busa ntongo, childhood.
nani bus'b mutu, young man
hood.
N'ani [pl. ban'anl], ph., who is
there ?
Nanbla, vt., to open out wide.
nanbla nkiki, to elevate eye
brows, look askance.
Nasonga, ind., accurate, clear (to
understand), correct, definite,
deliberate, orderly, perspicu
ous.
Nca, n., catalepsy, trance.
wa nca, to be in a trance.
Ncabi, . , lock and key.
lilusu ll ncabi, key-hole.
ncabi e nkumba, padlock.
mwan'd ncabi, key.
nyangb 6 ncabi, lock.
Ncai, n., flavour, palatableness,
pleasant flavour of food.
ekela ncai, condiment.
na ncai, delicious.
Ncaka, n. , large stomach of rumi
nant animals, tripe.
bibwele bi ncaka, cattle, rumi
nant animals.

NAMA-NCEKA

Ncala, /;. - masala.

Ncalanga, ., sprightly young fel

low, young cock not yet able
to crow.
Ncamba, n., palm wine, = lindolinga, see a/so lltbpe,
Ncambo, n. , seven.
Ncande, conj., however, neverthe
less, notwithstanding.
Ncanga, n. , basket on stand, family
meal, because generally served
on this stand, social meal of
chief with friends.
Ncanga, . , confluence, filed tooth.
Ncanga, ., large basket.
Ncange, ., kind of tree.
Ncange'la, ., clubbing together,
partnership.
Ncango, 6, .//., news.
ncango ndamu, good tidings,
gospel.
Ncankamba, ., garland for wo
men who dance mpo.
Ncanya, ., kind of cray fish,
shrimp.
Ncanya, ., bugle, cornet, ivory,
horn, trumpet.
Ncanzekeli, . , spray.
Ncanzb, 5, and 8, /;. = mosanzo.
Ncasa, //., kind of knife.
Ncaso, ., good luck in fishing.
Ncau, ., nsafu.
ncau bipbpe, blasted nsafu.
Nce, //., dominion, earth, ground,
interior of place as opposed to
the idea of shore, land.
b nce, beneath.
nc'ena, bank opposite, opposite
shore, over the other side.
ne'e mbbka, mainland.
ne'e mai, bottom of water.
nce-nce, along, downwards.
Ncebete, ., plain, but some give
the meaning as a vile place to
look at.
Nce'bu, n., kind of bird, black
duck.
Ncebwasi, ., fee to middle man.
Ncei, n. , collective plural of'mosei.
Nceka, ., twinges connected with
yaws.

NCEKE-NCOKO

( 200)

Nceke, ., some trifle below the

last decimal number stated, the
rest.
Ncekekoko, ., kind of bird,
kind of pigeon.
Nceki, n. , a throw of all nkei in
lobesi ; ashes of tobacco, gas
tric juice, see also molbko.
Ncekia, ., kind of fetish to
frighten away thieves and
generally used in the farms.
Nceko, . , caprice, fickleness.
Ncele, n., fine powder, see meya.
Ncele, ., kind of fish, white
bait.
Nceli, n., small meshed net.
nceli ll manda, wire gauze.
nceli ll bilamba, cotton gauze.
Ncelinga, //., method of fishing
with bolbko.
Ncembe, n. = nzombo.
Ncemb'ebale, nph., kind offish.
Ncembb, n., short tusk of ivory,
- liseke.
Neemo, . , attempt to put a per
son to shame.
Ncenco, ., brightness, see also
llsongb.
Ncenceke, n., kind of edible
fungus.
Ncendb, .. chisel, the native one
is long and is used for tapping
palm trees.
iicenclo c libbku, gouge.
Ncenge, n. mosenge.
Ncengengeli, //., kind of bird,
variety of kingfisher.
Ncengi, ., brightness, light, lustre,
shining.
Ncengb, n., cut in palm as an out
let for palm wine.
Ncenzeli, n., dragon fly.
Ncese, 6, n.pl., fronds of molilo.
Ncete, n. , nail, screw; by some
this name is given to lock and
key, but it is thought it will be
better to retain ncabi for lock
and key and ncete for nail
and screw.
ncet'e bonetele, rivet.
ncet'e boyindaka, hammer nail.

Ncete (continued).
ncet'e boyotolo or mangoti.
screw.
ncet'e mwene, nut of bolt,
ncete zata-zata, flat-headed
nail, tack.
Ncete, ., bird droppings.
Ncia (Eng.), n., inch.
Ncibili, ., kind of animal said
to eat ivory.
Ncinga, n., kind of fish, which is
1st, mokosa, and 2nd, ncinga
or mompende, and 3rd,
monguya.
Ncinga, n., net for catching ani
mals.
-nob, adj. , which is treated as an
enclit/c on the adj. particles,
absolute, all, entirely, utmost.
The form onco is often used
with pronouns and nouns de
notingpersons. See Grammar,
30 (3), 39 (2).
Nco, with the emphaticform ncbko,
used only in the imperative
mood, vin., to go ; mostly used
with the verb to go,<z.r nco lbke.
let us go.
11c6 yambbla, forward.
Ncobi, n., admixture, alloy, decoc
tion, half-breed, mixture.
Ncobo-ll-ngoya, //. , kind of edi
ble fungus.
Ncoi, ., saliva, spittle.
Ncoi, n. , itchiness.
Ncolci. ., act of non- conformity,
disparagement, guilt, sin.
Ncoki, adv. and conj., although,
even, even if, however, if, not
withstanding.
-ncbki, adj., emphatic form of
nob, although this is also en
clitic yet the accent comes upon
neb.
Ncoko, //., kind of black earth
which is used for dying cloth a
deep black.
Ncoko, game in which the seeds
of bosoko called ncoko are
used ; the players divide into
two sides and each arranges

( 201 )

Ncoko (continued).
his number of seeds before
himself, reserving one to throw
at those opposite ; on a seed
being thrown those which are
" wounded " become the pro
perty of the thrower, and at
the conclusion of the game he
who has most seeds is reckoned
"king."
ncoko ll bobinl&a, game in
which ncoko are pierced and
a splinter passed through them
so as to form teetotums ; a
place is arranged by means of
a plantain leaf and then the
players make these teetotums
spin by rubbing the upper
part of the splinter in their
hands and letting go. Each
aims at knocking over his op
ponents' teetotums.
Ncbko, n. , kind of knife.
Ncoku, ., click in throat inter
preted as wele b zblo and
taken as angry abuse.
Ncolo, n. , hole in canoe.
Ncolo, ., odour, perfume, scent,
smell.
Ncblbngb, n. , house with door in
end.
Ncblu, n. , kind of grass.
Ncbmbi, ., hire, rent, thing hired.
Ncomi, I, ., freeman.
Ncbminya, . , a setting at variance.
Ncomo, n. , brief adulterous visit,
see also kaba.
Ncomo, . , prop to support house
over and above the proper
number of posts.
Nconco, n., at first, first, priority;
colq. , fine or perfect (of point).
Nconcbli, n., private or secret
knowledge.
Nconga, ne(j., before, facing, im
mediately above or beneath
with direction indicated by the
context, looking towards, op
posite.
ncbnga na ncbnga, intimate.
Nconga, n., kind of fishtrap.

NCOKO-NCU

Ncbnge, n. , month, moon, more

frequently among women used
to denote the monthly period,
while eyeli is used to denote
the ordinary month or moon.
Ncongbti, //. -- lopambo.
Nconi, n., bashfulness, indelicacy,
ingloriousness, modesty, re
luctance, reproach, shame,
shyness.
nconi esanyange, ignominy.
kutela nconi, to be greatly
ashamed.
ybkisa nconi, to be indelicate.
ybtbla nconi, to be callous, im
modest.
Ncono, ., fourth day of Bobangi
week.
ncono ek'eke, Saturday.
ncono ene, Sunday, Sabbath.
ncono e mpbtb, Christmas.
Ncbsb, n. , fowl ;colq., biceps, clock,
watch.
ncbsb e'bbtaki, breeding hen.
Ncu, ., fish._
ncu ll boyitaka or nzbmo, //.,
dried fish.
Ncu-ncu, ., game in which two
sides are formed, each side
chooses the name of a fish and
one member takes a handful of
palm kernels and throws them
before him one by one while
he repeats the names of fishes ;
when he names the name of the
fish chosen, the kernel which
is then thrown by him is closely
watched by those who chose
the fish. Then on each side is
chosen a mokati and a molungoli ; the molungoli turns
his head while the mokati
puts his finger on the kernel
acknowledged to be the one
thrown at the time the name
of the fish was mentioned. This
done the molungoli turns his
head and tries to select the
one on which the mokati put
his finger. The side which
obtains most kernels wins.

NCUTA-NDOBI

( 202 )

Nciita, i/. ----- ntuta.

Ndeko, I, n. , covenanted friend,
fiance, fiancee, sweetheart.
Ncuka, n. , sugar cane beer.
Ncwele, ., accidental going off of Ndelengene, vs., to be an hypo
crite, be insincere, dissemble,
Ncweleke, n., ashes.
[gun.
dissimulate, fawn.
Ncwe-ncwe, ind., fine (of a point).
ndelengene na bopetwi, to be
Ndai, ., oath, strong affirmation.
simba or suba ndai, to take
sanctimonious.
Nduli', n. , child's nurse.
oath.
Ndai, ind., stretched, tense, taut, Ndelo, ., bound, boundary, goal,
frontier, limit, paragraph,
tight.
Ndai-ndai, ind. , elastic.
verse.
senga ndelo, to be illimited, be
Nclaka, n.. promise.
Ndakalaka, //., kind of edible
infinite, be unlimited.
Ndembe, ., date, moment, point
plant.
Ndakisa, //., example, pointer,
of time.
sample, specimen, token of
na ndembe, by-and-by, eventu
ally, later on.
sought-for place, etc.
Ndako, ., building, edifice, house.
ndembe yoko, sometime, even
ndako c bonyambe, temple.
tually.
ndako e babutu, hotel, inn.
ndembe yoko bbngo, probably
ndako e keketenu, cottage.
so.
ndako e lingbmba, meeting
na ndemb'elamu, early.
Ndembo, . , sticky juice from
room, assembly hall.
ndako e mpaka, lantern.
lokumu, birdlime.
ndako ekbti, fortress.
Ndemo, . , conjuring, magic.
Ndala, I, n. ndalola.
Ndemwa, n. = ndemo.
Ndalola, I, //., grandchild.
Ndende, . , excess (of clothing),
Ndambela, //. . military post set to
low-laden (of canoe), super
capture passing people.
abundance (of wearing ap
Ndiimbiti, //. - lindambiti.
parel).
Ndendeke, . = ndendeki.
Ndambo, //., ambush.
Ndanda, i/., exterior, external, out
Ndendeki, . , mud turtle.
side, surface.
Ndenga, I, n. , unmarried person.
mosik'b ndanda, outermost.
ndeng'e bwele, bachelor.
Ndanda, n., conjointness, same
ndeng'e mwene, spinster.
ness, solidarity, unity.
Ndengo, //., trap stick of lilbnga.
ndando 6 bokeli, co-operation.
Ndi, ind., on the stretch, taut,
na ndando e zambi lioko,
tense, tight.
having the same business.
Ndibo, ., closing of stream with
Ndangi, //., kind of gum, sealingnkala for fishing purposes.
wax.
Ndiki, conj., if, provided that.
ndiki bongo te, else, otherwise.
Nde, ind., softly breathing.
Ndci, adv. and conj. , but, yet.
Ndili, ii.. coolness.
Nde, inter, pron. , what ? if called Ndimbb, ., address (on enve
out to a distance, rule ?
lope), assurance, evidence,
Ndebo, . = lilebb.
proof.
Ndukani, ;/. = ndeki.
Ndimisa, n., antidote.
Ndcke, i:. = mileke, . , . ' also llso.
Ndindisa-mintblu, n., kind of
Ndeki, . , something known but
_caterpillar.
name not mentioned, such and Ndobi, ., repletion or satisfaction
such, what's its name.
with very little food.

Ndbbo, . , yellow colour.

Ndoi, ii. , namesake.
Ndbka, ., punch.
ndbk'e bilamba, bodkin.
Ndoka, n. , father's namesake.
Ndbko, ., bewitching which is
said to have caused an illness.
yama ndbko, to expose a
person guilty of witchcraft.
Ndbko, i/. , churlishness, surliness.
Ndole, n., kind of bird.
Ndbli, n. = liloto.
Ndbmba, n. = lbtb.
Ndombi, //. , see mondele.
Ndomi, ii. , see mosei.
Ndondi, n. , clicking of ringer
against back of hand.
Ndondo, n.. see miitu.
Nd/indo, ., heart at time of
death.
akonyalisa ndbndb is the ex
pression used of a man about
Ndondb, n. , see lino.
[to die.
Ndonga, ., intermediary in a
marriage transaction.
Ndongi, ., good aim, skill in
hunting.
Ndongo, ., kind of tree which
becomes moselengu, see also
moncundc.
Ndbngo, n., money laid down in
playing lobesi, stakes in gamb
ling; superior division of Bobangi tribe the members of
which can carry the sign of
a leopard skin ; polygamist's
household.
mobali d ndongo, polygamist.
ndbngo e basi, polygamy.
Ndbngb, ., pepper.
ndbngo ll bambai, kind of
pepper for food.
ndbngo ll miso, kind of pep
per for medicine.
Ndota, n. , kind of non-edible
egg-fruit.
Ndu, ind., drawn tight.
Nduka, ., place where chiefs
food is privately cooked.
Nduka-bibembe, . , kind of
fish ; see monkbnga.

NDOBO-NETO

Ndumasana, '."... , to be impatient.

Ndnmbele, //. , fumes, smoke.
mongenzu mb or nzel'e ndumbele, chimney.
Ndungu, n. , jar, vessel for fetching
water, walerpot.
ndungu e bososi, ewer.
ndungu e linzanza, cistern.
Ndungu, . , war drum.
Ndwa, 6, n.pl., cabbage, greens,
pot herbs.
Ndwe-ndwe, ind., sharp- pointed,
fine (of point).
-ne, adj., big, bulky, enormous,
great, important, large, mon
ster, portly, severe, stout,
thick.
-nei, adj. , four.
Neke, vin. , to defecate, urinate.
neke moi, to defecate.
neke minya, to urinate.
neke monkinza, to break wind.
neke ncete, to mute.
Nekbla, ',-/. bekbla, to snap.
Nekolo, vt. , to take between
thumb and finger.
Nekwene, vs. , to dance (of chief).
Nona, vt., to bend (a bow), drill,
stretch body, make taut, make
tense, stretch elastic.
ne'na ndi, to strain, make very
tense.
Nene, vin. = kata.
Nengene, vs., to be loose (of
tooth).
Nengengele, vs. , to be overhang
ing, be ready to fall.
Nengolo, vt., to hold between
thumb and finger.
Nengubana, vs., to be disturbed,
be perturbed, ripple, tremble.
Nenguma, ; . = nengubana.
Netele, vt., to beat out (metal),
hammer down, rivet.
netele boyumbaka, to clinch a
nail.
netele ki-ki, to batter.
Netbla, vt., to lift up, raise, up
lift.
netbla likingb, to raise the
voice.

NETO-NGANYA

( 204 )

Netola (continued).
nctola makolo, to step up.
netwa, vs., to rise (of sun).
Nga, vin. , used only in the present,
which is the form here pre
sented, to be, is, are.
nga na, to be with, have.
nga nde d ... ka, construc
tion for present negative form
of verb. Liki is the form
of the verb in the past in
definite, and liki is the form
for the past definite, while all
the other tenses and modifica
tions are made from the verb
zala.
Nga, adv. = te, in indirect state
ment, is it not ?
Nga, ind., with nouns denoting
anger, very angry.
Ngai, pron., I, me.
Ngaime, pron. refi, of the 1st per
son singular.
Ngala [ngali-ngali], vin., to be
excessive (of sun), be fierce (of
animals), be untamed, be un
ruly, be savage, be wild, be
exorbitant (of price), be fero
cious, fume, be furious, be
uncontrollable.
ngallsa, vc., to excite to anger,
embitter, enrage, incense, in
furiate.
Ngala, n. , circle of lobesl players.
See also lisongo.
Ngali-ngali, ind. , from ngala.
Ngalbla, vt., to dilate (eyes), open
wide.
Ngamala, ., camel.
Ngaluma, vs. , to dance or leap
with joy.
Ngamandele, n., woman's dance.
Ngambambala, ,''.:.. to blow out
or swell out (of corpse).
Ngambatana, -'.-., to be broad
shouldered, be great in girth.
be huge, be massive, be prodi
gious, be immense.
Ngaminoni, n., red baize with
black patterns.
Ngampango, ., cat.

Ngamu, n. , acidity, sourness.

Ngana, vin. = ngaluma.
Nganda, n. , kind of fish - eating
animal.
Nganda, ., fishing station.
ngand'e molako, fishing camp.
ngand'e'se, hamlet, outlying
hamlet.
Ngandandala, vs., to be great (of
a heap), be in excess, be rich,
be superfluous.
Nga-nga, ind., electric, stinging,
twinging.
Nganga, n., storage arrangement
immediately under roof of
house.
[surgeon.
Nganga, I, ., fetish doctor, priest,
ngang'e ka, high priest.
ngang'e eswaka, undertaker,
manager of secret rites, these
are of two orders / ngang'e
bosangb, 1st rank, and nga
ng'e bokongo, 2nd rank ; each
order has its separate eswaka,
and those of the 2nd work un
der and obey those of the 1st
rank.
ngang'e likutu, maker of
fetishes.
ngang'e lisanga, member of a
secret society in Mpama.
ngang'e mino, doctor of medi
cine.
Nganga-Nzambi, I, n., Roman
Catholic priest.
[thing.
Ngange, ., incongruous act or
Ngangbla, vt., to burst or thrust
open (a trap), to extend or
increase (price), force open
(arms which hold a person
down), open or put up (um
brella).
ngangbla miso, to look, stare.
ngangwa, vs., to start up, be
wide open.
Ngatemu, n., gun with brass
binders.
Nganya, n. , audacity, arrogance,
cheek, impertinence, impu
dence, sauciness.
kolcla nganya, to insult.

NGANYA-NGENZA
Nganyabana, /-..., to be impudent,
rude, uncivil, untied, loose (of
articles).
Nganybla, vt., to gape, yawn.
Nganzangana, vs., to be rigid.
Nganzwangana|nganzb-nganzb],
vs. , to waddle.
Ngab, iiid., loud (of ringing).
Ngau, ind., diffused (of light).
Ngbangulu, ind., set wide open.
Ngbau, n. , repletion.
Ngbe, ind., collided, met.
Ngbe-ngbe, ind., little, too few.
Ngbe-ngbe, ind. , chattering, ham
mering.
Ngbengenyene [ngbengenye], vs. ,
to jar.
Ngbi, ind., firm, safe, stedfast.
Ngbi-ngbi, ind. , waterproof.
Ngbblb, n., kind of branched
knife.
Ngbondo, ., kind of spear.
Ngbongblb, ., kind of spear.
Ngbu, ind., in despair.
tika mambi ngbu, to give up in
despair.
Ngbfi-ngbu, in,/. with ngundbla,
lavishing, liberally.
Ngeibana [ngei-ngei], i'/., to be
horrified, be hideous.
Ngeima [ngei-ngei], vs. , to be icy
cold, -- ngeibana.
Ngele, n., direction down river.
Ngelesa, ., England.
Ngelesi, n. = Ngelesa.
Ngeli, .,/kind of nut which grows
on mosongo.
Ngelo, ind., wide open (of eyes).
Nge'lwa, vs., to become hard, stiff,
strong.
Ngendengende, vs. , to have great
fear.
Ngendolo, vt., to beat, break in
(animal), conquer, defeat, dom
inate, lade heavily down, mor
tify, overcome, overpower,
overwhelm, prevail over, be
resolute, subdue, surmount,
vanquish, be victorious, with
stand.
ngendolo na mono, to drug.

Ngendolo (continued).
ngendwa, --. , to be insufficient,
be inadequate.
teme ngendb, to withstand.
Ngenenele [ngenene], vs., to grin.
ngenisa mind ngenene, to grin.
Ngenga, n., part where foreskin is
severed in circumcision.
boketi ngenga, circumcision.
bosenga ngenga, uncircumcision.
mosengi d ngenga, uncircumcised person.
Uete ngenga, to circumcise.
ketibwa ngenga, to be circum
cised.
mot'd ngenga, circumcised per
son.
Nge-nge, ind., bitter (of crying).
Ngenge, vin., to blaze, flame, shoot
a line of sparks (of red-hot iron
when beaten on anvil).
Ngenge, ., poison (of snake),
venom.
Ngenge, ., firmness, solidness,
stability, stanchness, steadi
ness, sturdiness.
Ngengenyene, vs., to be imperti
nent, be impolite, be uncivil.
Ngengeti, ., fear to give pain by
touching wound, jarring (in
ear), on edge (of teeth), thrill,
tingling (of teeth).
Ngengubana, vs., to be blazing,
be unquenchable, continue
bright for a long time (of full
moon).
Ngenguma, vs., to whimper.
Ngengwa, vs., to be struck by a
spear or arrow.
Ngenyolo, vt., to show (teeth).
Ngenza, ., game in which midribs
of plantain are used ; they are
cut into pieces of about 6
inches or so long, and each
player takes a number of such
pieces as can be equally divided
among the players. Then
hairpins or splinters of the
midribs of palms are taken
between the fingers of the open

NGENZA-NGOI

(206 )

Ngenza (continued).
hand, usually by putting the
2nd finger on one side of them
and all the other fingers on the
other. The pieces of plantain
stalk are arranged close to
gether one behind the other,
then an opponent throws his
hairpin or splinter and tries to
pin as many as possible at the
same time, the hairpin or
splinter is left in the stalks,
and the owner of the stalks
takes aim with his hairpin and
tries to pierce as many as his
opponent, and if he do so he is
said to free his stalks and takes
his turn in trying to pin his
opponent's stalks ; if he do not
succeed in pinning those which
his opponent pinned he loses
the piece or pieces which were
pinned and another opponent
takes his turn at the remainder ;
if all are lost in this way, the
late owner of them is bidden to
" go to the forest." The win
ner of most pieces of plantain
stalk is called the "chief."
Ngenzenzala [ngenzenzS] , vs.,
to be able to endure the sun,
be inflexible, be stiff, be unbendable, - ngbnzbnzala.
lingongo ll ngenzenze, card.
Ngenzenzele, vs., to continue, sit
still.
Ngenzwa, vs. , to be hard, be hard
ened to punishment, be inflexi
ble, be obdurate, be strong, be
stubborn.
Ngise [ngesi-ngesi], vin. to flare,
glare, shine brilliantly, be
piercing (of eyes).
Ngesi-ngesi, ///-/., from ngese.
Ngi, ind. , clouded, darkened.
Ngia-ngia, ind., bright, brilliant.
Ngia-ngia-ngia, ind., of many
patterns, variegated.
Ngila, . , a game. There are two
varieties, one played with the
armsngil'oj maboko, and

Ngila (continued).
the other with the legs'
ngil'e makolo, but the rules
are similar, and the one with
the arms is most common with
Bobangi folk. There are two
sidesmbbto and eseke, one
member of mboto holds up
both hands, and a member of
eseke does the same, then
simultaneously they each clap
their hands or smite their
muscles, and the mboto man
throws out one or other arm
as he chooses, the clapping
being repeated as often as the
mboto man chooses before
throwing out the arm. The
eseke man must answer im
mediately with the correspond
ing arm, if he do not so he
loses and his loss is called
ndongo, if he answer with the
corresponding arm he wins
and a win is called mpela.
12 mpela makes a chief, and
when a player becomes a chief
he leaves the game to the
others.
Ngila, ., deep-seated abscess.
Ngilingili, ., ivory hairpin.
Nginda [ngi], vin., to be clouded,
be darkened.
Ngindandala, vs., to be calm, be
depressed, be doleful, be
silent, congeal, darken, de
spond, frown, set.
ngindlsa ngindandalu, to de
press.
Ngingi, n. = nge'nge.
Ngo, ind. , clouded, burdensome,
darkened, dejected, depressed,
dismal,
grievous, heavily
pressed, ponderous.
Ngo! intj., exclamation of pity
or sympathy, alas !
Ngobb, ., enclosure within a
house, kind of enclosed bed
or closet.
Ngbi, . , leopard ; see also tambbla
and likbko.

NGOKO-NGUNGW
Ngokoto, ., heaviness.
Ngola, n. , ground camwood used
as a cosmetic.
Ngbli, n. , cane string; sleep, re
pose.
nga ngbli, to be asleep.
ke or kita ngbli, to go to sleep.
kita ngbli bu, to fall fast sleep.
tutuma ngbli, to be asleep.
tutumisa ngbli, to put to
Ngblo, ., kind offish.
[sleep.
Ngblb, //. -- engumba.
Ngblblo, n. , kind of gun of wide
bore and long barrel.
Ngolblo, n. , cicatrix on breast
bone.
Ngblu, . , favour, grace, kindness.
likabo ll ngblu, boon.
Ngoma, n. , yam.
Ngomba, n. , porcupine.
Ngombe-banzanga, n., kind of
small bird, sparrow.
Ngombe-bonzanga, /,. =ngombebanzanga.
Ngombele, . , hog, pig, swine.
Ngombo, ., buffalo, cow, ox.
Ngombo, n., kind of large bird,
adjutant.
Ngomo, n. , term applied to certain
articles to denote strength or
great size; see meya, mpili,
enzenze.
Ngonde, n. , kind of crocodile
said to eat fish only.
Ngojido, I, n. , goodly-looking
woman, lady, young woman.
ngondb e mintala, female
beauty.
bangondo ncambo, Pleiades.
Ngondondolo [ngo], vs., to be
contemplative, be meditative,
be pensive, be solemn, muse,
p_onder, reflect, be wistful.
ngondwisa ngo, to solemnize.
Ngondwa [ngbel, vs., to clash,
collide, come into touch, meet.
Ngonga, i/. --.- eyengele.
Ngongo e zbld, nph., bloodvessel
in nose.
ngongo ebtenya malongb, the
nose is bleeding.

Ngongo, ., swollen abdomen of

emaciated person ; ndj. , held
together, tight together.
Ngongo, . , kind of plant bear
ing makaba.
Ngongbli, ,, millipede.
ngongbll e molalb, long milli
pede.^
ngongbll e nzombi, black milli
pede.
Ngongwa, vs., to spring up to
avoid spear, etc.
Ngonyibana [ngonyi-ngonyi],
vs. , to be indolent, be lazy, be
powerless, be slothful, dawdle,
be unequal to work, work
lazily, be tardy.
Ngonzo, n. , internal anger.
Ngonzonzala [ngonzonzo], vs. ,
to be precipitous, be straightsided.
Ngbtaka, n., kind of grey-spot
ted light-bellied lizard; dor
sal curvature of spine.
Ngbtatala [ngbtbto], vs., to be
bent (of back-bone).
Ngotb, n. , canvas, sackcloth.
Ngoto, n., pugnacity.
Ngotblo, ind., arranged, tied
ready for carrying.
Ngbtblo, ind. = ngo.
Ngbtwa, vs. , to cringe.
ngbtwa na nkelele, to foam
with rage.
Nguba, n. , shield.
Ngubu, ., hippopotamus; see also
llkoko.
Ngulu-ngulu, ind., loudly (ot
beating nkole-nkole),
Nguma,
thon. ., kind of snake, pvPy
Nguna, n., enmity, hatred, hostil
ity.
Ngunda, n., curved stretch of land
on river bank.
Ngundbla [ngbu-ngbii], vt., to
give liberally, lavish upon.
Ngundundala [ngundundu], vs.,
to bulge out, be heaped up.
Ngungu, ndj., see libele.
Ngungu, ind., crowding, pressing.

NGUNGU-NKAMBA

( 208 )

Ngungutii, ., kind of egg-fruit.

Ngunzama [ngunzc |, v.s. , to dwell
outside a town in a farm.
ngunzama linkutu, to bivouac.
ngunzam'o nce, to lie on ground
instead of on bed.
Ngunze, ind. from ngunzama.
Ngunzbla, vt., to boil flesh before
smoking it, parboil, harden by
harsh treatment.
ngunzwa, vs. , to become har
dened, become sour (of wine).
Ngunzbla, vt., to cause to rush
away, paralyse.
ngunzwa, vs., to be numb, to
dart away from still position,
get up quickly, jump up and
run, rise hastily and go, up
start.
Ngunzunzala [ngunzunzu], vs.,
to be high up (of hills or trees).
Nguya, ., essence, force, inten
sity, might, nerve, power,
strength, vehemence, vigour ;
ndj., very much.
na nguy'e, by means of, through.
na ngiiya tbtb, almighty.
senga nguya, to be incapable,
Ngwa, . , adze.
[be effete.
ngw'c zombi, hatchet.
Ngwaliii ( Eng. ), . , guava.
Ngwana, ., dance by men.
Ngwala, n., European intoxicating
drink, ardent spirits.
Ngwa-ngwa, ind. , sharp-pointed.
Ngwende, n., chair, seat, stool.
ngwend'e bokonzi, throne.
ngwend'e bomongana, rocking
chair.
ngwend'e botutuma, deck chair.
ngwend'e maboko, arm chair.
ngwend'e mokolo, commode.
Ngwi, ind. = ngbi,
Nina, vii/., to be cold (of person),
be humid, be moist, be wet,
condense, deliquesce.
ninisa, . , . , to wet.
ninis'ebwele, to baste (meat).
ninisa nce, to irrigate, moisten
the subsoil (of a stream or
creek).

Nina, 5, ., electric fish, electric

battery.
Ninga, vin., to shake, shiver,
tinkle, vibrate.
Ningana, vs., to shake oneself,
shiver.
Ninge-ninge, ind., insignificant,
trifling.
Ningbla, vt., to harass, weary, =
nyingbla.
Ninbla, vt., to straighten one's
back.
Nkaeli, ., biting in throat after
eating certain fruits, flavour of
stale palm nuts.
Nkai, ., oar, paddle, propeller.
bete nkai, to pull a paddle
strongly.
kasbla nkai, to paddle in good
time.
mai ma nkai, commission.
nkai ncato, Orion's belt.
Nkai, . , harnessed antelope.
Nkakatu, ., sticking fast, -bilokisa.
Nkake, ., clap of thunder, thundercrash.
Nkakb, n. , fresh clearing in the
forest.
Nkako, ., bank of river, brim,
brow (of hill), edge, edge of
knife, margin.
nkako bonb-bonb, rough edge.
nkako e matanda, moulding
(carpentry).
nkako e sele, bevel edge.
Nkala, n., demijohn; missing of
fire (in shooting).
wa nkala, to miss fire.
Nkala, ., kind of fish.
Nkalata, ., sharpness of rough
rubbing substances.
Nkalati, ., kind of itch disease,
fur on tongue.
Nkaleli, . = nkaeli,
Nkali, ., supposed killing of per
son by fetish.
Nkalinginya, ., severe cicatricing.
Nkamba, ., kind of fish,
variety of likbko, which is at
first libata, see also liso.

( 209 )
Nkamba, ., flannel, savedlist.
nkamb'etelu, red savedlist.
nkamb'e ntaba, velvet.
Nkamij, ., interjection, shout of
astonishment, disregard, inso
lence.
Nkamonyo, n., ant-eater, pangolin.
Nkana, I, n., brother of sister,
sister of brother.
nkan'e moyebi, elder sister of
brother, elder brother of sister.
nkan'e molimi, younger brother
of sister, younger sister of bro
ther.
nkan'e bongoi, man's female
cousin, woman's male cousin.
nkan'e bobembisa, fosterbrother of sister, foster-sister
of brother.
Nkana, n. , itch disease.
Nkanda, ., anger, emotion, indig
nation, rage, savageness, tem
per, wildness, wrath.
kula nkanda, to become angry,
get into passion.
Nkanga, ., blue and white prints.
Nkangala, n., loud report of gun ;
ndj. fissile (of wood).
Nkanga-matuku, ., kind of plant,
the warmed leaves of which are
tied on local parts affected by
rheumatism.
Nkanga-minkole, ., kind of
creeper used in preparation of
enemata.
Nkangi, ., acid, itchiness from
rubbing on certain grasses,
sourness, tartness.
Nkangi, ., fund, trading capital.
Nkangoli, n., comb.
Nkani, n. = nkai.
Nkanyaka, ., anything used (as
pot herbs or ngbla) without
oil which at other times is used
with oil.
Nkasa, ., anxiety, compunction,
concern.
Nkasa, ., kind of tree, bark of
which is used for making the
poison for the poison ordeal in
some districts, the ordeal is

NKAMBA-NKENI

Nkasa (continued).
called nkasa from this use of
the tree ; the bark is broken
up in a mortar and mixed with
water and then administered.
Nkata, ., coil (of wire, tobacco),
nest of fowl made in grass ; see
also libwa.
nkat'e'nzenze, hoop.
nkat'e makele, wreath of flow
ers.
Nkata, ., kind of small bird,
hornbill.
Nkata-bilamba, //., kind of plant
with soft prickles.
Nkatampwa, //., kind of large
bird with a long black bill.
Nkau, n., flake of flour adhering
to the hand in kneading it.
Nke, n. , light side of lobesi.
Nkei, //. = nkeni -- nke.
Nkeka, n. , hill, mountain, mount.
Nkeka, n. , cassava flour partially
boiled.
Nkeke, n. , kind of large water
snake, said to be poisonous,
and devours fish and fowl.
Nkekela, n., shortness, smallness.
Nkekeleke, !,., great grandchild.
Nkekene, I, n., great grandparent
on father's side.
Nkekulaka, ., mumps.
Nkelole, n., anger, emotion, fierce
ness, fury, passion, rage, sav
ageness, wrath.
Nkema, . , monkey.
nkema-nkema, ndj., ambidex
trous.
Nkembi, n., boycotting, coercion,
exto_rtion.
Nkembb, 5 and 8, n., adornment,
finery, ornamentation, glory.
ebali nkembb, grandeur.
Nkembo, ., good health.
Nkengi, 5, ., emissary, scout,
sentineILspy.
nkengi-na-mbemba,civil ofBcer,
constable, guardian of the law
or peace.
Nkengo, ii. = bwango.
Nkeni, n. , some one, some one else.

NKENI-NKOME

( 210 )

Nkeni, ., cup, drinking vessel.

lilongo ll nkeni, saucer.
nkeni e'ngetele, kind of jug
with copper-coloured rims.
nkeni e llmete, kind of drink
ing vessel.
nkeni e talatala, glass, tum
bler.
nkeni e mbongo, mug.
Nkenke, . = ngenge.
Nkenya, n. , kind of plant which
furnishes shafts for assegais,
etc.
Nkenzu, ., pain when anything
collides with a sore.
Nketu, n., enemy, enmity, foe,
hostility.
Nkiankila, ., kind of edible
caterpillar.
Nki, ind., deaf.
Nkinda, n., inattention (of hear
ing), see also lltol.
Nkmdatbi, 5, ., deaf person.
Nkindisa-matbl, //., kind of
fish.
NScinga, n. , fibre from the bark of
lipeke.
Nkingb, ., neck ; in adj. clauses,
jugular.
Nkinki, ., entirety, haleness,
healthiness, immovableness,
robustness, soundness, sturdiness, wholeness.
Nkisa, n., favourite, pet.
Nkita, . , enmity long sustained
in the heart.
Nkb, inter, adv. = wani ?
Nkobe, ., box, locker.
nkob'e bilokb bi salela, toolchest.
nkbb'e linzanza, tin box, tin
trunk.
nkob'e nkeni, cupboard.
Nkobo, ., hair on lower part of
body.
Nkobo, n., fishing with nkali.
Nkobo, n. , gun cover, pocket,
pouch, purse, quiver, small
bag of skin ; fell, hem, (by
some) coat.
. nkobo e lingongd, envelope.

Nkoka, n., kind of bird with

purple plumage.
Nkokele, n., gag, bit (of bridle);
kind of crocodile.
kanga nkokele, to gag.
Nkoko, I, ., forefather, grand
parent on father's side, patri
arch, progenitor.
nkoko-nyango, I, n., grand
parent on mother's side.
Nkoko 6 libwa, nph., whetstone,
hone.
Nkoko, ., large kind of dark
_bird.
Nkble, n., great and painful sore,
wide gaping wound.
Nkole, ., kind of tree.
Nkolc nkole, ., kind of wooden
drum, frequently used for sig
nalling purposes ; colq., any
action which is soon com
pleted.
Nkoli, n., hostage.
Nkoli, ., crocodile; see also
ebanga.
Nkbli, ., place where canoes are
drawn up, steamer slip.
Nkblo, n. = nkita,
Nkblb, I, n., lord, master, owner,
possessor, proprietor.
nkblo-mwene, I, ., mistress.
Nkblo, ., cape, foreland, head
land, promontory, point of
land ; see also mali,
Nkblongo, n., fowl's gizzard.
Nkolongb, . , equivocation.
Nkombe, n. , rush-like plant from
which the fibre for the con
struction of nconga is made.
Nkombe, n. , gable and end wall,
partition of house.
Nkbmbembele, //.. hawk.
Nkbmbb, 8, n.. alias, by-name,
heroic or pleasure name, nick
name, sobriquet.
Nkombolo, n., cassava steeped
and with the thin outer skin re
moved, and the remaining one
appearing very good.
Nkbmekela, ., throbbing head
ache, = likbmakoko.

NKOMO-NONGO
Nkomo, . , due time, fitting and
proper time, promptitude.
Nkonango, n. , tobacco pipe.
Nkonda, ., forest as divided
among owners.
Nkbndbndb, ., kind of bird,
kind of ant.
Nkonga, ., kind of green
snake.
Nkbngandika, n., kind of bird.
Nkongblolo, ., kind of tree, the
small leaves of which are used
as an emetic.
Nkongongo, ., cramp, rheuma
tism, stiffness of joint from
overwork, etc.
Nkoni, //. = lokanzu.
Nkonwa, I, n., general, sub-chief,
nobleman.
Nkonzi, n., anything in property
which is equivalent to money,
valuable property.
Nkonzo, n. , dregs in palm or sugar
cane wine.
Nkbnzb, n., MV llsangu.
Nkonzo, n., pulp shreds in water.
Nkosi, n.. lion; instrument of
music consisting of a drum with
piece of string attached to skin
inside which is drawn through
the fingers.
Nkoso, ., left-side.
Nkoso, //., parrot.
Nkbta, ., allowance, food for a
journey.
Nkota, . , 3rd Bobangi day ; see
also bata.
Nkbti, ., back of head, nape of
neck.
Nkbto, ., thousand.
Nkotb, n., scorpion ; hairpin of
brass with head split into two
parts and these twisted.
Nkbya, ., blacksmith's tongs,
nippers, pincers, pliers.
Nkuba, ., cultivated land.
nkub'e biula, cassava Held.
Nkubo, ., foray, invasion, massa
cre.
Nkuka, ., bellows, funnel of
steamer.

Nkukia, n. , hold of boat, place in

canoe where goods are stowed.
Nkukii, n., insidiousness, secrecy.
zambi ll nkuku, secret.
Nkula, a '''j., hiding one's own
matters while speaking of other
people's ; unfinished,
wa nkula, to be unfinished.
Nkuli, I, //., pos sessor, rich person.
Nkiiniba, i/., tortoise, hunchback,
block and pulley, see also
noabi.
nkumb'ekokweti
(likanga),
sunset.
Nkumu, 5, n., first-born of twins.
Nkundl, ., contribution to funeral
ceremonies, offering at funeral.
Nkundu, i/., bend in stick, curvedness.
Nkungia, //. nzoso.
Nkunza, ., bristle, hair (of ani
mals or on body of person),
loose nap of cloth, pile, wool.
Nkutu, ind., fireless.
tutuma nkutu, to sleep without
fire.
Nkwaindo, //. = nkwayindo.
Nkwayindo, I, n., young gentle
man, young man.
nkwayindo e mintala, male
beauty.
No, vii/., to fall or pour (of rain).
Nbkolo, vt. , to pluck grain or nuts
from cob or out of husk, hull.
Nonga, vin. , to be homesick, be
restless (of rats or fowls hop
ping about).
Nbnganbnga, vs. , to be restive.
Nongibana, vs., to be inconstant
in the performance of anything,
do off and on.
Nbngibana, vs., to be persistent,
go slowly.
Nongo, 5 and 8, ., behalf, chance,
condition, degree, grade, op
portunity, place, position, pre
dicament, range, rank, recepta
cle, room, scope, situation,
space, stead, vacancy.
nongo e ka, advantage, high
rank.

NONGO-NTINA
Kongo (continued).
nongo e ti, quiet, peaceful or
safe place.
o nongo 6, for, on behalf of, in
stead of.
pe or tika nongo, give opportu
nity or permission.
Nongbla, vt., to cause upright
thing to fall.
nbngwa, vs., to fall from up
right position.
Nd-nd, ind., incessant (of talk).
Nono, vt., to desire, like, set the
mind or heart on, wish.
nono na miso, to admire, gratify
oneself.
nono nokwa, to covet.
nonisa miso or molbko, to
gratify.
[in.
nonele, vap., to admire, delight
Nono, vt. , to peel.
Nbnbla, vt. , to leave a given small
portion and take a larger one.
Nopuka-nokotwa, 5, n., girl con
ceiving before her breasts have
fallen.
Noteme [nbte, nbto], v.,'. , to squat
on haunches.

Nbto, ind. = note.

Nowe'la, conj., because, inasmuch,
this is used with verbs ; the
phrase n'ewel'e is used with
nouns.
Ntaba, ., goat.
Ntako, . , contribution, share in
vested in a purchase, share in
payment of debt or tax, sub
scription.
Ntali, ., looking on.
Ntalo, ., meaning, value, =
motuya.
Ntanda, ., floor of canoe, keel.
Ntangl, I, n., head fisherman.
Ntantei, ., centre, midst.
Nte, ind. , grasping, see kata.
Ntebele, ., style of wearing cloth
low on hips.
Ntci, ., saliva, spittle.
Ntei, ., axis, centre, centre of
gravity, core, half way, mean,
middle, midst, pivot.

212 )
Nteke, ., night work.
Nteli, I or 5, ., captain of canoe
or vessel.
Ntendi, . , see liso.
Nteno, n. , plucking off the tops of
cassava bush to fatten the
roots.
Ntepeli, 5, n., notoriously can
tankerous person.
Ntete, I, n., prophet, witness.
Ntiti, n. , game in which a seed
of this name and grown on
boteti, is held between the
third and fourth fingers, and at
the same time a handful of
dust is taken up and with the
seed thrown forward. If the
seed be not hidden by the dust
there is a scrimmage for the
seed. If the seed be hidden
by the dust, the opponent oi
the one who throws measures
a distance by means of the out
stretched fingers. The fingers
are placed down wherever the
player selects, and the distance
taken is between the tips of the
thumb and the 2nd finger ; if
the seed is found between the
tips of these fingers, the one
who has measured his distance
must now throw the seed with
the dust ; if found outside the
limits of these tips, the mea
surer must either hand over
himself or one of his side to
the other side as slave; this
slave waits a chance to seize
the seed in a scrimmage, when
he becomes free again ; the
side that gets the most slaves
wins, and the leader is styled
mokonzi,
Ntiba, ., calabash pipe for hemp
smoking.
Ntimaka-nzoko, I , n. , great grand
parent of grandparent on
father's side.
Ntina, ., base of palm nuts, basis,
cause, explanation, foot, im
port, meaning, object, princi-

(213 )

Ntina (continued}.
pie, purpose, reason, root,
sake, sense, signification,
source, stand, theory,
ntin'e lino, fang.
ntin'e liso, inward corner of
eye.
nttn'e nzondo, end of anvil let
into wooden stand.
ntin'ete, in order that, so that.
na ntina, deliberate.
na ntin'e, about, because of,
concerning, for.
Nto, 6, n.pl., cloth made of palm
fibre.
Ntoko, n., professional ability,
dexterity, means.
Ntbko, n. , charge against enemy in
battle.
bila ntbko, to lead a charge.
Ntolo, n., beauty, = enongele.
Ntblo, ., breast, bosom, chest,
sternum, cicatrix on breast.
Ntb'ma, 5, n., messenger.
ntbm'elikolo, ; embe Nyambe,
angel.
ntbm'embe Yesu, apostle.
ntom'e mombale, distraining
bailiff.
Ntbmbi, . , internal capacity.
Ntbmbu, n., holding down in
water.
Ntbmwa, 5, n. = ntoma.
Ntbndblb, . , amomum.
Ntondb, n., float for net or hook.
Ntbnge, //. :... montbnge.
Ntongo, n., morning before 8.30.
b bosb bo ntongo, on the pre
vious day.
b mbis'e ntongo, on the follow
ing day.
nzbto ll ntongo, early morning,
6 o'clock.
Ntbngu, n. , depth.
Ntbtele, I, n., advocate.
Ntbto, ., crown of hat where it
stands up the highest, place
where there is depth of water.
Ntoto, ., part beneath navel,
kind of knife.
Ntuka, n., pawn, pledge, security.

|
!

'

NTINA-NYABO

Ntumbe, ., ascites, dropsical ab

domen.
Ntundu, n., see mosei and
mwana.
Ntungu, n., assiduity, diligence,
earnestness, enterprise, fer
vency, perseverance, perti
nacity, zeal.
Ntuta, n., breadth, width.
Ntutu, ., kind of bird, curlew ;
caulking material from end of
palm frond.
Ntwantuma, ndj., with spear in
poise or knife in position for
striking.
Nua, vt. , to drink, imbibe, sup,
swallow.
nua makaya, to smoke to
bacco.
nua mbondb, to swallow ordeal
poison.
nua mokuku, to guzzle.
Nuanga, vin., to suck (of infant).
nuangisa, iv. , to give suck,
nourish, feed.
Nueta, vt., to be frugal with, nip,
retrench, stint oneself in the
use of.
nuete boli, to eat moderately.
nuet'empimpi, to nip.
nuete msaanga, to drink wine
temperately.
nuete llad, to wink.
Nuetinya, vc. , to forewarn, give
secret signal, give warning,
warn.
Nuna, vin., to age, grow old.
Nuya, vin., to be contemptuous,
be ill-humoured.
nuy'elongi, to pull a wry face.
Nuyabana, vs. , to be surly.
-nya, dem. adj., that, this ; this
is an enclitic on the adj. parti
cles the tones of which arc all
raised ; see Grammar, 39,
93Nyabana, r.r., to go to and fro,
haunt (of ghost).
Nyabbla, vt., to take up by handfuls and let fall gradually to
inspect or as in winnowing.

NYABU-NYENGA

( 214 )

Nyabula, vt., to rumble (of alxlomen), nyabbla.

Nyakabotwi,7//r.,U/ violently use
abusive words.
Nyakwa, vs., to become distaste
ful (of meat because of many
people having handled it), be
lean.
Nyala, vin. , to be full, be numer
ous, increase.
nyallsa, vc., to fill, fill up, re
plenish.
nyallsa 1cbe-Iebe, to fill full,
fill up to the brim.
nyallsa baka-baka, to fill
high up above edge (of dry
goods).
Nyalala, ind., shooting up (of
water).
Nyalangana, vs., to flood, spread
all over, swarm.
Nyalangatana, 'v<., to deluge,
and intensive meanings of
nyalangana.
Nyalbla, i-/. = nanbla.
nyalbla nkiki, to look askance.
nyalwa, vs. , to begin to rise (of
water), swell out.
Nyalb-nyalb, ind., openly woven,
wide open.
Nyamii, n. , penis ; the more modest
expression is the colq. boso.

Nyambe, 5, ., God; other

words are in use by strangers
and up-river slaves, Nzaliomba, Liyanza.
nyamb'eteko, god, idol.
Nyamuta, vt., to chew, masticate.
Nyanda, ., kind of fish which is
at first lobesi lb moboyo or
moboyo.
Nyanga, vt., to collect duty or
impost by waiting on debtors,
lift up a little at a time (a fish
which is being wound round
two spears).
Nyangana, vs., to be fused, be
molten, liquefy, melt, thaw.
nyanginya, vc. , to liquefy, melt.
Nyanganyangn, vs., to be pleas
antly disposed, fawn.

Nyangatana, vs., to be spread

over, be grown over.
Nyangatana, vs., to thrive (of
trees).
Nyangela, vap., to be hospitable
towards, enjoy, entertain, re
ceive gladly, welcome, treat
cordially.
Nyangisa, vc. nyanginya.
Nyango, I, n. , mother.
nyangb e bwele, maternal uncle.
nyangb c'komba, maternal
aunt.
nyango c litcii, drum of ear.
nyango e ncabi, lock.
Nyangubana [nyangu-nyangu],
vs., to tread on pressed down
grass path in swamp.
Nyankokb, 5, ., grand-parent on
mother's side.
Nyanya, vt., to bear, carry, sus
tain.
nyanya lobangu, to run.
nyanya mai, to swim.
nyanya mobbngolokb, to carry
on pole, as a hammock or ani
mal.
nyanya tandi, to carry level or
on palm of hand.
nyanyisa, .-, ., to put on man's
_ shoulder.
Nyata, vt., to press.
nyata makolo, to step, tread.
nyatela, vap. , to trample.
Nyau, ind., elastic, flexible, loose.
Nye, ind., completely, entirely,
finally, quite, thoroughly, ut
terly.
Nye, ind., from nyelcia.
Nyei, n. , dung, excrement, foeces,
manure.
nyel e lltbi, earwax.
Nyekelo, vin., to swim.
Nyekia [nyi], vt. , to press forcibly
(as in a press).
Nyelengene, vs., to be numerous,
be thick (of crowd).
Nyelubana [nyelu-nyelu], vs.,
to be endless, be vast.
Nyengana, vs., to be intermittent,
circulate, come and go, fall

(215)

Nyengana (continued).
and rise, flit about, be loose
(of parcel), go to and fro,
flounder about, move about,
oscillate, peregrinate, ramble,
roam.
Nyenge, vin., to be rich.
Nyengele, ind., capacious, exten
sive, loose (of parcel), moving,
slack, spacious, wide (of road).
Nyengengole, vs., to be slack,
give abundant room, be
spacious, be extensive, fall
apart, be capacious, spread.
Nyunge-nyenge, ind., saturated.
nyengisa nyenge-nyenge, to
saturate.
Nyingetene, vs., to be boundless,
be extensive.
Nyengisa, vc., to ease (rope), ex
tend, give abundant room,
loosen (pinion), move, pay
out (rope), relax, slacken,
widen, = nyenginya.
Nyenginya, vc. , to bore, loosen.
Nyengwa, vs. , to be abundant, be
refreshed, flourish, get on, in
crease, prosper, succeed, thrive.
nyengwisa, vc., to bless, make
prosperous, refresh.
Nye-nye, ind., from nyekele.
Nyetwa, vs., to be weak (of in
fant).
NyilKi, vt., to beat, castigate,
scourge, set on.
Nyibbla, vt., to break up with
fingers, grind in a mill.
Nyila, vt., to knead.
Nyile, n., calmness, cosiness, ease,
harmlessness, inoffensiveness,
peace, serenity, tranquility ;
as an intj. , hush !
Nyinga, vt., to rattle.
Nyingbla, vt., to fag, weary,
worry.
nyingwa, vs., to be faint, be
languid, be weary, labour, toil,
iiyingwisa, vc. , to exhaust.
Nyinya (for nyinyia) [nyinyama,
nyinya], vt., to weigh down
heavily, = yinya.

NYENGA-NYUKA

Nyita, vin., to decay, fade, sear,

wither.
nyitisa, vc., to sear.
Nyo, adv., in no wise, never, not
at all ; when this word is used
with a verb the verb is in the
purportive mood.
Nyobi-nyobi, ind., greasy. [ing.
Nyobo, vin., to oscillate in dancNybkokolo na ngbli, to be fast
asleep.
Nyokolo, vt., to bully, endanger,
imperil, jeopardise, maltreat,
oppress, persecute, torment,
torture.
nyokwa, vs., to be in danger or
peril, be in a difficulty, be in
jeopardy, encounter difficul
ties, have an adventure.
nyokwisa, vc., to hazard, en
danger.
Nybkub'ana [nybku-nybku], vs.,
to be large (of population), be
numerous, be plenteous.
Nyblo, (abbrevintion of nyblolo),
vt., to remove by pulling
easily.
nyblwa, vs., to fall off (of hair),
slip off easily (as ring).
Nyblolo, ind., straight (of hair).
Nyomengeno [nyome], ,- ' ' . , to go
lightly, softly or stealthily.
Nyomeni, ind., true, certain, gen
uine, indeed, real,
se nyomeni, by all means.
Nyomi, ind. , tickling.
Nyomita, vt., to handle food too
much, tickle.
Nyongi, n. , gall-bladder.
mai ma nyongi, gall.
Nyongili, n. = lingato ; ind. , slow
crawling.
Nyonyo, n., ease, easiness, facility ;
colq. , honesty, gentleness, piety.
Nyonyolo, vt., to examine by
handling, merely handle with
out further result.
nyonyolo n'enoni, to fondle.
nyonyua, vs. , to be palpable.
Nyuka, vt., to rub clothes (in
hand), = nyila.

NYUKU-NZOTO

(216)

Nyukuta miso, vph., to rub eyes.

Nyule-nyule, ind. , gathered up
together (of unfolded cloth).
Nyiiluma [nyulu-nyulu], vs., to
be voracious in eating.
Nyumi, n, , kind of cat-fish.
Nyummei, ., forty.
Nyumitano, n., fifty.
Nyumotbba, n. , sixty.
Nyuncambo, ., seventy.
Nyungu, n., kind of bird.
Nyunya, vt. , to bleed medicinally,
draw into mouth, suck, wrinkle.
Nyunyungana [nyunyu - nyu
nyu], vs., to crinkle, be crum
pled, be drawn together in
creases,
be rucked, be
shrivelled, be wrinkled.
Nyutangana, vs. = yutangana.
Nzabango, ii., soap.
Nzabi, n. , kind of fish.
Nzakia, n., bonus, usury, excess.
nzakia ll minkama, per centage, interest per cent.
Nzakomba, 5, n., see Nyambe.
Nzala, n., hunger.
Nzala-makusa, 5, n., ancient an
cestor.
Nzambi, n. , dowry to wife's rela
tions, payment for a wife,
responsibility for another's
debt.
Nzanga, ., noon mid-day, =
monzanga.
Nzanga, i, n., brave or savage
person.
Kzangb, n., clyster, enema.
Nziingo, n. , kind of bird.
Nzobi, n. , quick glance.
Nzcbb, .. a call passed on.
Nzeke, n., bandy-leggedness.
Nzela, //. . footpath, path, road,
way, route.
nzel'e'sanyange, public road.
nzel'e lombombolu, by-road.
nzel'e mpela na mvranga, the
Milky Way.
nzel'e mpenza, by-road, private
road.
Nzelele, n. , see mololu.
Nzelo, 6, n.pl., sand.

Nzembe, 6, n.pl., moustache,

whiskers of cat.
Nzembu, 6, n.pl., plants, weeds.
Nzenza, n. , compensation, return
present.
Nzenzele, n. , dulness (of intellect),
foolishness, senselessness, stu
pidity.
mome nzenzele, dunce.
Nzenzeli, ind. , dazzled.
kela miso nzenzeli, to blind,
dazzle.
Nzobolo, n., rising of water after
molelenge.
Nzoi, n., method of fishing.
Nzbkatoi, n. , acute understanding,
quickness of hearing.
Nzbkbkb, ., deafness, determined
inattention, obstinacy.
Nzbku, n. , elephant ; see also
molongo.
Nzbmbi, n., darkness of hue, see
ngongbli.
Nzombo, n., kind of eel-like
fish.
Nzondo, n. , anvil ; colq. , heaviness.
Nzbnga-mai, //., kind of small
water-beetle which swirls
round and round in water and
then clings to some floating
substance.
Nzosi, n. , scoop.
Nzoso, n., down, fur, hair on body
of animals, wool.
Nzbto, //., kind of fish.
Nzbto, n.pl., body, basis ; in vanous constructions = refl. pron.
as / abwaki nzbto, he threw
himself; akoloba nzbto ll
yeye, he talks about his own
business.
kasbla nzbto, to harden oneself
to hard treatment, bear up.
nzbto lebb, lethargy.
nzbto li nzondo, core of anvil.
nzbto ll zambi, essence or point
of a matter.
nzbto ndamu, good fortune.
nzbto mbe, bad fortune.
senga nzbto, to be immaterial,
be incorporeal.

NZUNA-ONGO

Nzuna, n. , abundance.
Nzunzb, n. , highway robbery,
piracy, plundering of strangers.

O (continued).
roof ; likbngo lileki b mutu
mb ngai, the spear passed over
my head.
through aleki b etuka, he
passed through the town ; eyele
epbmbi b mwete, the bullet
, prep. denoting the direction of the
passed through the tree,
application of the verb, which
toaki b Bolobo, he went to
Bolobo ; aikambi b mbbka,
receives the enclitic -mbe before
nouns denoting persons and be
he took it to the town.
under apelomi b epbmba, he
fore pronouns. The meaning
of the preposition is modified
peeped under the table ; abbprincipally by the verb with
mba.ni b esasaki, he hid under
which it is used, and also by the
the bush.
definitive noun which may fol
uponatemi b nkobe, he stood
upon the box ; abati b bolow it. Thefollowing meanings
arefound represented .nango, he climbed upon the
alongaibendi b nce, he drew it
bridge.
along the ground ; bbnangi b
b bosb bb, before (in time).
mai, it sailed along the water.
b epos'e, in place of.
amongeng'b biloko binya, it
b likolb li, above, on, over,
is among those things ; eliupon.
mbani b miula, it was lost
6 mbis'e, behind.
among the rubbish.
b mobosb mb, before (in place).
atyak'b ndemb'elamu, come
b moi mb, in, inside of, into,
at a good time ; aliki bng'o
within.
ndemb'enya, he was there at
b ne'e, below, beneath, under.
b ndand'e, outside of, without.
that time.
'
down toasiindi b nce, he came
b nongo e, in place of.
down to the earth ; akiti b
b ntantel or nte'i e, among,
nee, he fell down to the ground.
amongst, between, through.
from alongwi b mbbka, he
O, adv., which introduces the nega
went from home ; akumi b
tive clause which is concluded
by the particles ka, ke, ko, as
mokolb, he came from upriver.
euphony may require.
in ang'b ndako, he is in the i 6, adj., particle, sing, class 2. See
house ; aiboni b zamba, he
Grammar, 33, 34.
saw it in the forest.
i Obb, conj., if, provided that.
intoaweli b ndako, he went
-oko, adj. , one, any other, some,
into the house ; akiti b mai,
any, sundry.
he fell into the water.
.oko mpenza, sole.
Ombe, prep. = b but only used be
on tik'b epbmba, put on the
fore nouns denotingpersons and
table ; e'kiti bmbe ngai, it
fell on me.
before pronouns.
Omwa, //. bbmwa, abbreviations of
out ofakbswi b mai, he was
the Imperative of yumwa, to
saved out of the water ; epimi
be awake, and used as a morn
b ndako, it came out of the
ing salutation.
house.
Ongo, adv., there, place spoken of
over ncbsb ayumbwi b mwanza, the fowl flew over the
or pointed out, thence.

( 218 )

ONI-PAPWA

Oni, adv., not at all, in refusing

jeeringly ; the purportive form
of the verb is usedfor this con
struction. ngai nokope oni,
I will not give you anything
.. _ at all.
Osiswa, intj., done for at last,
fooled now.
Otoi, //. bbtoi, intj., word of de
rision when one is injured.
P.
Pa, vt., to adze.
Paba, ind., flat, level, smooth.
Pai (ling. ), 3, ., pie.
Pai-pai, 3, . , papaw.
Paka, vt. , to be anxious about, be
closely attentive to, be con
cerned about, be solicitous
about, guard pertinaciously,
regard anxiously, scrupulously
care for.
Pakala, 3, //.. see sbngblb.

Pakapaka, vs., to be hurried.

paka-paka, ///,l , directly.
Pakia [pakema, paka], vt., to
append, hang up, put up, sus
pend, = somia.
pakema, vs., to be incidental,
depend, join a company.
pakema kwb, to be inextric
able.
Pakibana, vs., to foist, palpitate
with fear.
Pakima [paki-paki], vs., to be
affrighted, be agitated, be
alarmed, be frightened, be
terrified.
pakisa paki-paki, to frighten,
agitate, alarm, put to flight,
terrify.
Pakbla, vt., to remove from sus
pension, take down.
pakbla mind, to pick the teeth.
pakwa, vs., to be independent.
Palm, ind., nearly all spilt.
Pala, vi n. = pama.

Palalala, vs., to be bountiful.

Palapala, .-'.... to flit about, fly to
and fro.

Palapinl (Eng.), 3, //., paraffin.

Palata, 3, ., coin, European
money, silver.
Palbla, vt., to adze level, cleave,
split.
palb, ind., adzed level.
Palbla, vt., to put up (umbrella),
spread wings in sailing (of
bird).
palwa, vs., to sail (of bird).
Palwangana, vs. , to sail (of bird).
Pama, vi//. , to bawl, shout.
Pamangana, vs., to bawl, be
boisterous, shout vehemently,
be rowdy.
Pambasaka, ind., very suddenly
appearing.
Pambasana, vs., to foam with
rage.
Pambbla, vt., to eject water in
stream from mouth, expector
ate.
Pamwa, vs. , to be surpassing.
Pandbla, vt., to break down,
break up, burst open, detach,
disunite, pull or take to pieces,
take off nailed lid, unnail,
suffer with bad diarrhoea (of
moi).
pandbla mai pau, to dash water
into a pot.
Pandwangana, vs., to come
apart, fall to pieces, be
wrecked.
Panga, in proverbs only = kani.
Pangia [pangema, panga], vt., to

put legs astride, bestride.

pangema, vs. , to stand astride,
legs stretched apart.
Panb (Fr. ), 3, . , panel.
Panza mobe'ko, ,'///. , to break a
law.
Panza, ,-/. = panzinginya.
Panzangana, vs., to burst to

pieces, be disorderly, shatter.

panzinginya, ;-,-. , to disorder.
Pao, ind., gashed, see koma.
Papa, 3, ., cap gun.
Papbla, vt. = pa.
Papwa, vs., to abscond, escape, go
astray, stray.

( 219 )

Toast, vt. , lo beat out flat.

Pasaka-pasaka, ind., daubing.
Pasangana, vs. , to wriggle about
to get free from grasp.
Pasapasa, vs. pasangana.
Pasasala, vs., to become a little
unfolded from original and in
tended folded condition, pro
ject (of teeth), come open (of
clothes).
Pasasala, vs., to be flattened out.
Pasbla, vt., to fillip, roll out,
strike off, throw off.
paswa, vs., to fly off (as chip).
Pata, 3, ., famine, dearth, starva
tion.
Patangana, vs. , to be besmeared,
pitted with mud, = petangana.
patinginya, vc. , to blotch.
Patatala [patata], vs., to be flat,
be level, be smooth.
patisa patata, to level, smooth,
etc.
Pan, ind. , dashed (of water) .
Pe, vt., to bestow, communicate,
confer, give, furnish, grant,
impart, supply, yield.
pe biyu, to charge with selfish
ness.
pe boncomi, to regard slave as
freeman.
pe bonzanga, to embolden.
pe ekota, to levy blackmail.
pe epose, to give permission,
give consent, allow.
pe libbta, to fecundate.
pe llmungo, to speak sarcastic
ally.
pe lina, to give a name to.
pe lotbmo, to appoint a person
his work.
pe mate:, to give attention.
pe mbisa, to turn the back.
pe moluki, to question.
pe monkandl, to empower, en
able.
pe monyango, to pay taxes,
duty.
pe na lokiki, to grudge.
pe nguya, to empower, enable.

PASA-PELO

Pe (continued).
pe nkanda, to irritate a person,
make a person angry.
pe nkelele, to enrage.
pe nzela, to let pass, make way.
pe nzoto, to give oneself up to
be punished.
Pe, ind., shrill, with the verb loba.
Pe, ind., joggling, with the verb
kita.
Peka, vin. , to be a prostitute.
Pekele, vt., to appeal, beg, be
seech, entreat, implore, invocate, plead, pray, solicit, sup
plicate ; see also mongono.
Pekele, ind., sticking out.
Pekeie-pekele, ind. = kokolokokblo.
Pekene, vs., to be delicate (of a
person).
Peke-peke, i//i/. = kala-kala.
Pekete, ind. = pe.
Pekolo, vt. , to break edge of ves
sel, chip out, notch, strike off.
Pele, vt. , to lick; be insincere,
deceive by fair promises, dupe,
fawn, inveigle.
pele londclengi, to act hypo
critically.
pellsa, vc. = pele, to lure into
difficulties, beguile into trouble,
treat deceptively, play false to
wards.
Pelele, ind., catching again.
Pelele, ind., springing (as bird
from the land).
Pelembe, ind., indivisible.
Peieme [pele], vs., to look, peep,
peer, pry.
Peiengene [pelo], vs., to be eva
sive, toady, deny having
spoken previously spoken
statements, float (of flat things).
pelengene ombe, to keep clear
of.
Peli-peli, 3, ., European salt.
Pelo, ind., from pelengene.
Pelolo, vt. , to blow off loose arti
cles (as wind blowing paper off
table), dart off in another
direction.

PELWA-PITA

( 220 )

Pelwa, vs. , to have cataract in the

eye, = kina.
Pendana, vs., iii proverbs only =
lekana.
[back.
Pene mbisa, vph. , to stand back to
Pinge, -.-in. = pengwa.
Pingia [pengeme, penge]. vt., to
deflect, divert, turn out of the
way.
Pengolo, vt., to deflect, divert,
misguide, mislead, move some
thing in a wrong direction,
pervert, seduce.
pengwa, vs., to be astray, be
biassed, digress, be perverse,
go off the path, swerve, turn
aside, turn out of the way, be
wanton.
pengwisa, vc., to lead or send
astray, demoralise.
Pope, mn. pupa.
Pepe-pepe, ind., blowing (wind or
breeze).
Fepesene, vs., to flap about (as a
flag).
Pepisa, vc., to annoy by interrupt
ing, bother, harass, interrupt.
Pepolo, vt., to whirl rapidly, =
pupa.
Pepbla, vt. , to sell cheap.
Pesese, ind., protruding (of teeth).
Pesolo, vt., to attract a person's
attention by catching at his
flesh with the hand.
Peswa, vs., to be covered with
sores.
Peta pelete, vph., to be putrid,
be rotten.
Pctamo. ind. = p6.
Pe'tangana, vs., to be rejected (of
arbitration) in favour of fight
ing.
Petetele, vs. = patatala.

Petia [peteme, pete], vt. , to hide

underneath.
Petbla, vt. , to sharpen.
Petolo, vt., to clean, cleanse,
make holy, purge, purify, trim
(wick).
petwa, vs., to be clean, be
chaste, be holy, be pure.

Pi, ind. , lost completely.

Piakbla, vt., to lap, flap.
Piatbla, '.-'/. = piakbla.
Pie-pie, ind., many (of original
jokes).
abtuba mambi pie-pie, he has

invented many jokes.

Pikasi (Eng.), 3, ., mattock, pick
axe,
Pima, vin. , to appear, be clear (of
meaning), break out, come
forth, come out, disclose, eva
cuate, be evident, exude, get
. out, go out, issue, leak out,
pass out, vent.
pima pe'ke'le, to stick out.
pima malbngb, to bleed.
pimisa, vc., to adduce, allege,
comment, deduce, derive, dis
close, eject, elicit, evacuate,
expel, expire, fetch out, let
out, put forth or out, take out.
pimisa miso, to stare.
Pini (Eng.), 3, ., pin.
Pio, ind. from pioto, when used
with yumba, means doubled.
Pib, ind. , become useless, = piu.
Pld, ind. from pioka.
Pioka [pio], vt., to smite with a
stick, lash with a whip, beat,
maul, switch, slash, whip.
Pioto [pio |, vt. , to express, squeeze
out.
pioto mabele, to milk.
Pi-pi-pi, ind. , in great numbers.
Pipb, ind., thick in comparison.
Plsitbna (Fr.), 3, . , piston.
Pisbla, vt., to let go a spring, let
off, shoot with bow, spring the
trigger of gun.
pisbla lino, to fire a gun.
piswa, vs., to fly (of spring).
piswa mpwese, to fire by acci
dent (of gun).
Pita, vin. , to be poor.
Pita, vt. , to beat, exceed, excel,
overtop, step over.
pita boyebi, to be incomprehen
sible.
pita bokanisi, to be inconceiv
able.

( 221 )

Pita (continued),
pita bolobi, to be ineffable.
pita boyambi, to be incredible.
pita wi, to conquer, transcend.
Piti, ind., black, dark, murky.
Piu, ind. with words denoting
rejection, entirely.
Po, ind. , fron/ posbla.
Pdbo, ind., angry word meaning fat.
Poibana [poi-poi], vs., to be
heavy (of weather or eyes), be
stupefied.
Poibana [poi-poi], vs., to be clear
(of polished brass), be fair (of
skin), be light (of polished
wood).
Poibana [poi-poi], vs., to be
eager, be fervent, be insatiable,
lack self-control, be persistent,
yearn.
Pbka, vin. , to pant.
Pbkana, -'..-. = pbmbana.
Pbkbko, ind. , long (of ears).

Pbkbla, vt., to scoop out.

Pbkolo, ind. biombolo.
Pbla, vin. = pima.
pblisa, vc. = pimisa.
pblisa nasonga, to demonstrate.
pblisa ntina, to explain, express
meaning.
pblisa polele, to elucidate.
pblisa sangb e, to affiliate.
Pole, ind. = polele.
Polele, ind., apparent, intelligible,
audible, blank, clear, distinct,
empty, evident, explicit, in
controvertible, ingenuous, art
less, legible, obvious, open,
lucid, plain, prominent, public,
transparent, understood.
Politi (Eng. ), 3, ., porridge.
politi e solblb, gruel.
Polbla, vt., to cut off rind, skin.
Polbmwa, vs., to have diarrhoea
(of moi).
Pbmba, vin., to develope, pass
through and out, penetrate.
pbmbisa, vc., to develope, get
or put through, go through,
penetrate, perforate, pierce
through, stick through.

PiTA-POTO

Pbmbana, vs., to have penetrated

through, go or get through.
pbmbinya, vc. - pbmbisa.
Pome (Fr.), 3, ., apple.
Pomolo, /'/. = pbsbla.
Ponga, vt. , to wash.
Pongopongo, vs., to reel, stagger.
Pbpasana, vs., to cry out on being
frightened.
Pbpinya, vc. = pbmbinya.
Pbpo, vt. , to anoint or smear with
oil excessively ; vin. , to be not
clear in sound (said of drum
when skin is slack).
pbpo miinya, to speak inaudibly.
Poso, vt., to bruise up cassava
after being skinned, pummel a
person with every available
limb and implement.
poso lokutu, to beat a person.
Posola [pb], vt., to abrade, graze
(skin), peel, slip soaked cassava
out of their skins, take scab
off sore.
pbsbla mambi pb, to slip a
secret unintentionally, tattle.
bosa pb, to be smashed up.
pbswa, vs., to slough.
Posubana, vs. , to be soft but not
rotten.
Pbtama [pota], vs. , to go on allfours.
Potia [poteme, pbte], vs., to be
stuck (of birds on birdlime).
Poto, vin. , to be fined.
potisa, vc. , to impose a fine.
Poto [pbtbf, vt., to conceal, con
nive at, cover, be impassable,
be latent, lay over, muffle,
overcast, overlook, overrun,
overshadow, pass over, put
over, shelter, be unexposed.
miso pbto, blind eyes.
pbto llusu or mponya, to stop
a gap.
pbto mambi, to keep matters
secret.
pbto mlso, to shut the eyes. "'^|
pbto munya, to hush up, be
|
silent.

POTO-PUSWA

( 222 )

Poto (continued).
pbto n'elamba, to curtain.
pbto nkobe, to fasten or nail up
a box.
pbtisa 'bombala, to disguise,
perpetrate a fraud.
Pbtolo, vt. , to expose, uncover.
Pbtomo, vs., to be covered.
Pbt6-potb, ind., impenetrable.
Pounda (Eng.), 3, ., pound,
sovereign.
Pu, ind., sudden appearing in
water.
Pu, ind. , pouring in.
pu be, poured in full.
Puka, vin., to arrive at sexual
maturity, endeavour to correct
barrenness.
Pukbla, vt., to break (edge of ves
sel), enlarge (sore).
Pula mbbai, vph., to throw the
counters in the game of lobesi
a second time. .
pula nkai, to pull all together.
pula monkbma, to tire a volley.
Pulanki (Fr.), 3, ., franc.
Pillanzi (Eng.), 3, ., flange.
Pulima [puli-puli], vs., to be
crowding.
Pulinga (Eng.), 3, n., pudding.
Pulbla, vt. , to disentangle, to open
out (cloth), put up (umbrella).
Pululu, ind., incontrovertible.
Pululu. ind. = pelele.
Pulume (Eng.), 3, . , plummet.
Pulwangana, vs., to fall to pieces,
become unclosed.
Pumpa (Eng.), 3, . , pump.
Panda, 3, //. = mpunda.
Pundwa, vs., to ooze forth.
Punza, vt., to annex, depredate,
loot, maraud, pillage, plunder,
raid, rob, seize, take.
Punzanzala [punzunzu], vs., to
be disorderly, be littered about.
Punzungana [punzunzu], vs., to
be dishevelled.
Pupa, vt., to fan, puff, wave the
hand; vin., to blow (of wind),
be foolish, be infatuated.
pupa pia, to flick.

<
|
I
|
i

|
I

Pupa {continued).
pupa pu-pu, to blow about
flip-flap.
pupisa, vc., to make appear
absurd, foolish or ridiculous,
infatuate.
Pupasana, vs. , to struggle against
death (as wounded bird).
Pupete (Eng.), 3, ., puppet of
lathe.
pupet'e lokenge, side puppet.
Puplsa, vc. , to chase violently.
Pupbla, vt., to cleanse by blow
ing, dust, shake a cloth, shake
out grass before laying it on
roof, whisk.
pupbla nzbto, to shake oneself
(as dog in coming up out of
water).
pupbla pu-pu, to flap (of
wings).
Pu-pu, ind., from pupbla, and
pupa, and also = bu-ti.
Pusa minkenga, vph., to make
garden beds.
Pusbla, vt. , to discharge, disen
gage, emancipate, extricate,
free, get out, let loose, let off,
liberate, overhaul, ransom, re
deem, release, uncurl, unloose,
unpack, unpick, untangle, un
tie.
puswa, vs., to become free, get
clear, be at large.
Pusuku, ind. --- pwasa.
Pusuku, ind. , doing badly.
Pusuku-pu, ind., accidental, un
designed, unforeseen.
Pusumwa, vs. , to fall by accident,
slip out of grasp.
Pusungana [pusu-pusu], vs., to
be ridiculous, be scattered
about carelessly.
pusunginya, vc., to put without
any attempt at arrangement.
Pususu, ind. = pusu-pusu.
Puswangana [puso-puso, pusupusu], vs., to fall to pieces,
grow, germinate, grow up
again, sprout, swarm, teem,
be untied.

( 223)

Fata, vt., to add together, com

bine, compact, gear, join or
put together.
puta lotbngo, to join in partner
ship.
Putana, vs. , to amalgamate, as
sociate, combine, be confeder
ate, be -harmonious, have fel
lowship, hold communion, join
together, be undivided, be
united.
putan'ctbng'e bobbto, to fra
ternise.
putinya, vc., to put together,
take indiscriminately.
Putangana, vs., to be clothed so
that clothes drag on the
ground.
Putbla, vt. , to abase, affront,
shame.
Putu-putu, ind. = tubu-tubu.
Pwasa, ind., effusive (of speech),
sudden or immediate appear
ing.
Pwe, 3, n., lead.
Pwe, ind., out, rapid or sudden
coming out.
Pwepwe, vt. , to kiss.
Pwi, ind., dark in the phrase na
busa pwi, until the dark of
day.
Pwi-pwi, ind., in large numbers
congregated.
Pwitikipwi, ind., very black or
dark.
Pwo-pwo, ind., bubbling in fer
mentation or decomposition of
liquid matter, effervescing.

Sa, 3, ., tea.
Sa, ind. , received.
Saba, -.'. caba.
Sabala, 3, n., Saturday.
Sabana, vs. , to call or cry out with
pain.
Sabi, 3, n., kind of pot herb.
Sabinya, vt., to absolve, condone,
forgive, pardon ; the object of
this verb is the person forgiven.

PUTA-SALA

Sabbla, vt., to abandon, condone,

disown, forego, forgive, forsake
leave alone, put away finally,
relinquish, remit, renounce,
resign, resign oneself to, stop;
the object of this verb is the per
son or thing abandoned or debt
remitted.
sabola moi, to be at peace,
check one's feelings, relent.
sabola nzoto, to risk one's life.
sabwa, vs., to be distasteful be
cause without flavour, have
unpleasant flavour, be insipid,
be tasteless, be unsavoury.
sabwisa, vc. , to absolve (sins).
Sabbla, 3, n. = lltungulu.
Sabuni, 3, n. = nzabango.
Sai, ind. = sa, received.
Saka, vt., to cut close (of hair),
endeavour to revive a dying
person, sharpen.
Saka, vt. = tbmbo.
Sakela,^., to fill up.
Sakbla nzbto, r '///., to breakfast,
eat morning meal.
sakbla ncakb, to mark body
with stripes of colour before
breakfast.
Sakbla, vt., to acknowledge, af
firm, command, communicate,
declare, deliver (message),
dictate, imitate, mention, noti
fy, profess, recount, remark,
report, represent, speak about,
_state, tell.
sakbla lolenge, to describe.
sakbla motuya, to bid (at an
auction).
sakbla sakb-sakb, to protest.
sakbla sanu, to misinform.
sakbla (y)oko na (y)oko, to
enumerate.
Sala, vt., to be employed in, mani
pulate, serve, work.
sal'epbmba, to wait on at table.
sala masptu, to cultivate, till.
sala pele-pele, to work only
while being watched.
salisa, vc., to employ, manage.
salela, vap., to serve, work for.

SALA-SEIMA

( 224)

Sala, vin., to sell (of merchandise).

salisa, vc., to deal in.
Salangana, vs., to be hospitable,
show goodwill, show off (as
bad woman), = salibana,
Salibana [sali], vs., to be active,
be fleet, be light (in weight),
do quickly, be unhesitating.
salibana na bate, to be hospit
able, show goodwill.
salibana na mambi, to interfere
in a palaver without knowing
it.
salibana na ntbmo, to be
actively engaged.
Samba, vin., to sound (of gun).
Samba mbalaka, vph., to pay
death dues.
Samba, vt., to beat down (grass).
samba mwete, to beat or strike
heavily with a stick.
samba pid-pid, to lash.
Sambela, vt., to reach towards (in
order to get).
Sambia [sambama, sambema,
samba], vt., to put prone.
sambama or sambema, vs., to
fall on face, lie on face, lie
prone.
Sambisa, -;-. , to complain to.
Sambo, ind., long.
[play.
Sana.t'/., to act, dance, perform,
Sanda, vin., to become long, grow
longer.
sandisa, w. , to elongate,
lengthen.
sandisa moteli, to heighten.
-sanda, adj., high, long, pendulous,
tall.
Sanga, vt., to cut, gash, mow,
shear, wound.
Sangela, 'vt., to club together,
combine, co-operate, partake,
share, take part.
Sango, /, n., father, sire.
sangb 6 bongoi, paternal uncle.
sangb c mwene, paternal aunt.
senga sangb, to be fatherless.
Sangbla, -'/. = sanga.
Bangbla, vt., to greet a chief, pay
homage to, worship.

Santonini (Eng. ), 3, .. santonine.

Sanu, ind. , irregular, muddled,
out of order.
Sanza, vt., to disperse, spread
apart.
Sanzabana, vs., to bleed copiously,
boil over.
Sanzangana, vs. sanzabana.
Sanzbla, vt, , to adore, congratulate,
eulogise, exalt, extol, glorify,
laud, magnify, make much of,
mention a person's sobriquets,
' praise.
sanzwa, vs. , to be glorious,
be praised.
Sasa, vt., to blow the bellows,
drive an engine.
Sasela, vin,, to burn, smart, be
pungent.
Sasimwa [sasi-sasi], vs., to start
with sudden fear, be startled.
Satana, 3, //., the devil, Satan.
-sato, adj., three.
Se, ind., from seme.
Se, adv. , indeed, merely, only ;
this adv. precedes the words it
qualifies.

sO bongo, likewise, just so.

se nyomeni, by all means, quite
true.
Seba, vt. , to ascend palm trees or
rapids, gather palm wine, stem
a current.
Seba, vt. , to edge a tool, grind or
file sharp.
seba meya, to make a fire by
friction.
Sebene, vs., to be helpless, be
needing help.
Selma [sei], vs. , to be abroad, be
allayed, be aloof, be distinct,
diverge, give space, go apart,
go away, move out of the way,
be roomy, stand off, be wide.
seima mosika, to be far apart.
selmisa, vc., to put apart, re
move to a distance.
selmisa mpos'e nua, to satisfy
thirst.
selmisa nzala. to satisfy hunger.
selmisa nzbto, to go apart.

( 225)

Seka, vt., to call a fetish by its

sobriquet, = jiaba.
Seka, vin., to chum together.
Seke, vi//. , to glow, be reduced.
Sekekala, vs. , to sit on buttocks.
Sekele, vt. , to pack bundle in
basket, arrange, put or set in
order.
Sekete, vt., to nibble.
Seketene, vs. , to be crossed in
form of an X, be interlaced,
be intersected.
aekitinyii, .-.-., to interlace, inter
weave, lace, put crosswise (as
lattice work).
Sekia, vt. = sekisa.

Sekia, vt., to put up a ncekia in

a farm.
Sekilili, ind., glowing (of sun at
dawn or sunset).
Sekinya, vc. = sbminya.
Sekinya, . = kakisa.
Sekisa, vc., to ascribe, attribute,
calculate, cast up, come to .a
conclusion, compute, conduct
a palaver to a conclusion,
decide upon, direct proceedings
of, preside over, reckon up,
make of, understand, estimate,
impute, infer.
sekisa ntina, to define mean
ing.
Sekbla/t '. , to arouse, bring to life
again, make get up, put face
uppermost, put right side up,
turn head of canoe straight for
a given point, raise the dead,
resuscitate.
aekbla bbmoi <//' nguya, to
animate.
sekwa, vs., to arise, come to
life again, come to senses, get
up from recumbent position,
rise from the dead.
sekwa bwa, to rise from recum
bent position to a sitting one.
Sekolo, vt., to cut away creeper
holding tree, let down gun
hammer, put gun at half-cock.
Sekonde (Eng.), 3, ., second.
Sekubana, . . . = sekuma.

SEKA-SEMBIA

Sekuma [seku-ceku], vs. , to gasp,

pant, retch, sob.
Scla. vin., to be dying.
Sela, vt., to curse, imprecate, wish
(spoken) person ill.
\
selibwa, vp. , to be accursed.
Sele, vii/., to pass or be gone some
considerable time or distance,
progress.
Sele, vt., to speak sarcastically tu
person, backbite, calumniate,
traduce.
Selebene, -'. = sebene.
Selele, ind., slipped out of grasp.
Selenga, vt., to betray.
Selengene, vs., to be durable,
harden (of certain trees which
become miselengu), last, re
main in same condition.
Selia [seleme, sble], vt., to hold
or put anything obliquely or
diagonally, taper.
selia mosiki, to throw spear
obliquely.
seli'b ekili, to carry on hip.
seleme, vs. , to slope.
Selibana, i-.-. selima.
Sellma [seli-seli], to :-e sleek,
slide, be smooth.
[slip.
Selimwa, vs., to fall by accident,
Selinga, vt., to fish with boloko.
Selb, uiij. , sail ho !
Selbla, vt., to hail a steamer ; this
is derivedfrom the intj.
Selolo, vt., to give the final and
fatal blow, k1ll something that
is ill and not likely to live.
selwa, vs., to expire, be quite
dead.
Selwangana, ,-..'.. to be feeble.
Sema, vt., to admire.
Semba, vin. , to hum, recite.
Sembela, -,-/. = sambela.
Sembelele, sud., level.
Sembia [sembama, semba], vt.,
to correct, put parallel, make
similar, make square.
sembama, vs., to be square, be
parallel.
semba, ind., artless, correct,
similar, impartial.

SEMBIA-SETE

(226)

Sembia (continued).
bisb loba-loba, nde bind aemb'o
ybka ka, as we spake you
certainly did not hear.
Sembbla, vt. , to commit (into some
one's care), consign, deliver up,
elect, extend, give over, give
up, hand over, make right,
proffer, put at one's disposal,
put forth or straight, rectify,
redress, refer, stretch out,
transfer.
sembbla lokbta, to speak gram
matically or with right words.
sembbla ti-ti, to simplify.
sembbl'b ekulusu, to crucify.
sembwa, vs., to be direct (of
road), be frank, have integrity,
be honest, be implicit, be in
genuous, be lank (of hair), be
lucid, be moral, be pertinent,
be sincere, be straight, be un
conditional, be unprejudiced,
be unswerving, be virtuous.
sembwa ti-ti, to be straight
without knots.
Seme [se], vin., to be beached, be
in camp on river bank, land.
semisa, vc., to beach.
Semi-kolbno (Eng.), 3, ., semi
colon.
Semolo, vt. , to abase, disgrace, put
to shame, reproach.
semwa, vs., to be disgraceful.
Semwa, vs., to be amazed, be
astonished, marvel, wonder.
semwisa. vc., to amaze, astonish.
Sena, -,-'/. =- nena.
Senga, vt., to be destitute of, go
without, lack, need, be needy,
stand in need of, be without,
not possess.
sengisa, iv. , to deprive, im
poverish, render destitute,
Scnga, 3, a. = esenga.
Sengangala, vs. = sengengala.
Senge, vt., to beat drum with hands,
drum.
Senge, vt., to carve, cut out
_(wood, stone), sculpture.
senge ncengb, to cleanse open-

Senge (continued).
ing in palm tree for wine
gathering, which is usually
done 3 times in the day ; senge
montongo, to mount the tree
in the morning ; senge monzanga or nzanga, to do so at
noon ; senge mompbkwn, to
do so in the evening.
Sengela, vap., to give lip disease
by bewitchery.
Se'ngengala [sengenge], .- ' '. , to be
stretched out stiff.
Senginya, rv. = sbminya.
Sengolo, 'i'/. sosolo.
Senya [se-se], vt. , to kick out legs
in straightening them in swim
ming.
Senyasenya, vs., to kick in con
vulsions.
Senzele, vt., to be on guard over
(town, said of sentry), keep
watch, patrol, watch.
Senzell (Eng.), 3, n., nightwatchman, patrol, sentry.
Senzbla, vt., to push off canoe,
start.
senzwa, vs., to set sail, start on
a journey.
Senzbla, vt., to abrogate, annul,
cancel, deliquesce, dissolve,
fuse, invalidate, rescind, re
voke, thaw, melt.
Sesa, vt., to greet, hail, invoke (a
fetish), salute.
Sese, vt., to carve meat, cut up,
dismember.
Se-se, ind., from se'nya.
Sesene, vs. , to approach gradually,
go nearer.
Sesbla, vt., to salute or invoke
a fetish or ordeal poison.
Sosolo. vt., to blab a secret.
Seta, vin., to putrify, go bad, be
putrid, be corrupt, be rotten.
Sete, vt., to dance a kind of
funeral dance.
Setele (Fr. ),3, ., stere(a measure),
for decimal divisions see meta.
Setetala [setete], vs., to act
heedlessly, ignore good advice

( 227 )

Setetala (continued).
or prudent course, be impru
dent, be indiscreet, be inju
dicious, be regardless.
Seu (Fr.), 3, ., galvanised iron
bucket.
Siba, VIH., to copulate.
Sik.i, vt., to erect, plant, set, set
up.
sika lipata, to lix post.
sika mbengu, to lay a wager,
which is done by one person
agreeing with another person
as to the wager, and one of
them sticks a knife in the
ground as a sign of his pledge,
and the other draws it out and
sticks it in again, and the first
person pulls it out.
sikisa, vc./ to issue orders and
directions, command, manage,
admonish, send an order for,
send notice to, bid.
sikisa busa, to fix or appoint a
day.
sikisa kilo-kilo, to admonish
sternly, charge or command
vehemently, enjoin strictly.
sikela bingumbu, to fortify.
sika, iinl., erect, fixed, unmovable, upright, still, upright.
sik'awa, at this time, at once,
now, immediately.
sika-sik'awa, just now, already.
sik'angani, at that time, then.
sika-sik'angani, just then, al
ready at that time, immedi
ately.
sika sembo, plumb.
sika-sika, selling for cash, shal
low (of river).
Sikbla, vt., to transfix.
sikwa, vs., to be sprained.
Sila, vin., to finish, be carried
through, be complete, be done,
exhaust, expire, stop, terminate.
sila nye, to be complete, end.
silisa, vc., to demolish, destroy,
exhaust, expend, make conclu
sive, put an end to, quell, re
tract, spend.

SETE-SlMBA

Sila (continued).
silisa wa or nye, to achieve, ac
complish, annihilate, finish
completely, make an end of.
sillsa zambi, to make up one's
mind.
Sila, / '/. = sola.
Silia [silama, sile], vt., to put
something as a restraint to a
tendency.
Silinda (Fr.), 3, ., cylinder.
Sima, vt., to appreciate, desire a
good thing, praise a good act.
sima lolanga, to regret one's
own heedlessness, remember
one's foolishness in rejecting
good counsel, be sorry that
good advice was not taken.
Sima, vt. , to miss an absent friend.
Simba, vin. , to stop in the course
of doing.
simba ndai, to make a very
strong affirmation, swear, take
oath.
simba ndai e lokuta, to com
mit perjury, forswear.
simba nzbto, to forbear, refrain.
simbisa, vc., to belate< check,
control, counteract, curb, de
bar, detain, deter, dissuade,
encumber, frustrate, hamper,
hinder, hold back, impede,
keep back, moor (a vessel),
obstruct, obviate, prevent, re
press, resist, respite, restrain,
retain, thwart, turn off.
simbisa bobbli, to be anti
septic.
simbisa mambi, to be inex
pedient.
simbisa molbko, to hold in sus
pense.
simbis'b ndanda, to keep out
side.
Simbama [simbe], vs., to be at a
loss, be checked, be hindered.
simbe, ind., abrupt (of a check).
Simbasimba, vs., to be diffident,
falter (in action), go back
wards and forwards, hesitate>
quaver, be reticent.

SlMBA-SOKI

( 228 )

Simbasimba (continued).
simbasimba na bolobi, to speak
indistinctly.
simbisa simbasimba, to embar
rass.
Simita, /'/. = sema.
Simwinya, vt. , to consider, mind,
reflect, think about.
Sina [vs., sinya], vt., to block,
plug, stanch, stop up.
sina ntutu, to caulk.
sinya nzbto, to intrude.
Sinana, . f., to become extinct, be
destroyed, go out of existence,
perisli, waste away.
sinana nye, to be lost hope
lessly.
sinisa, .-'<., to annihilate, con
sume, destroy, exterminate,
put an end to, put out of exist
ence, wear out.
Sinapi, 3, ., mustard.
Singa, vt., to anoint by smearing,
rub, smear.
singa bokbbo, to paint, colour.
sing'eyengo, to chalk the
body as a sign of acquittal.
singa mombili, to smear soot
on the body as a sign of con
demnation.
singa pasaka-pasaka, to daub.
Singana, .- ' . , to coincide, be com
pared, refuse to work alone,
refuse to go alone, excuse by
comparative insufficiency.
singinya, ve., to compare, illus
trate, liken.
singiny'ete rule bato, to per
sonify.
Sinisa, -'. . , see sinana.
Sinya, vs. , fron/ sina.
Sisa, vt., to offer (as an auctioneer),
point at, present (a gun), take
aim at.
sisela, vap. , to threaten and not
perform.
-siso, ad ., another, other, different.
Sisbla, vt., to befool, deride, laugh
to scorn, mock, rail, revile,
tantalize, taunt.
siswa, vs., to feel befooled.

Sitaoi (Eng.), 3, ., starch.

Sitiu (Eng)., 3, n., stew.
So, vt., to backbite.
So (Eng.), n.= eso.
Sobela, vt. , to pour; the thing
poured is the object of the verb.
sobelela moto mali, to anoint
(by pouring) a person with oil.
Sobila [sobi-sobi], vin.. to feel
detestation, be horrid, feel
loathing, feel nauseous, feel
qualmish.
Sbbinya, vc. = yenza.
Sobo, vt. , to express juices; vin.,
to become fat.
Sbbbbb, ind., taller than the
others.
Soi, ind., infrequent.
Sbka, vt., to eat voraciously,
growl, roar.
Sokia [sbkeme, sbke], vt, to
humiliate, abase, bring down,
debase, depress, lessen, mini
fy, minimise, put lower down
or under, subordinate, sub
ject.
sokia miso, to look down on
the ground.
sokia nzbto, to deign, submit.
sokia sbke, to keep down.
sokia sululu, to degrade.
sbkeme, vs., to be abased, be
base, condescend, be depressed,
be humbled, be lowly, be
mean, be menial, be of low
birth, be sordid, be tributary,
be below.
sokeme bobe, to degenerate.
soke na ka, not even, on an
average, unequal, uneven.
Sokla | sbkomo. sbke], ,-/.. /
hold with face to the ground,
push over, put vessel upside
down.
sokia munya, to turn over.
sbkomo, vs., to be lnt with
face to the ground.
Sokia [sokama, soke], vt., to
heap up, make into a heap,
pile up.
Sokillkl na ka, ///. -= soke na ka.

( 229)

Sokisa, /:-. = sbkia, to turn upside

down.
Sokisi (Eng.), 3, ., socks.
Soko, aih-., doubtful, either . . .
or, may be, peradventure, per
haps, probably.
Soko, vt., to depreciate, disparage,
refuse to conform to, sin against,
transgress, trespass against.
Sokolo, i'/. , to re-arrange trap after
it has closed itself.
Sbkolo, vt., to copy, emulate, fol
low (copy), imitate, imperson
ate, mimic, repeat, reproduce,
note, take off.
Sbkomo, vs., sec sbkia, to turn
upside down.
Sokbtana [sokoto], . '.' . , to be as
siduous, be busy, be diligent,
do anything excessively, be
excited, exert, be immoderate,
indulge, be indefatigable, be
intemperate.
sokotana na boli, to gobble,
gorge.

sokotana na bolobi, to expati

ate, jabber.
sokbtana na likengwa, to be
jolly.
sokotana na mbangu, to hurry.
sokotana na mpoma, to pant.
sokotana na ntbmo, to be dili
gent, be industrious.
sokitinya, tv. . to excite.
Sokoto, vt. , to clean (finger nails).
Sokubana, vs., to feel detestation,
disgust or sick, and oiher mean
ings fi/'sobila.
Sokula, vt., to abuse with a click
ing in the throat, see ncoku.

Sbkuma, vs. = sokubana.

Sola, vin. , to be full grown, he
mature, be of full stature, be
ripe.
sola mimbbto, to go to seed.
Solo, inil, indeed, genuine, true,
verily.
solo so solo, verily, verily.
Solo, vt., to choose, destine, elect,
nominate, pick, prefer, rather,
select, sort.

SOKI-SONDO

Sblo, vt. , to catch fish by spearing.

Solbla, vt. , to converse, speak
with.

Solblb, ind. ,from solwa.

Solololo, ind., falling of water as
from a spout.
Sblblblo, ind., long, tall.
Solwa [solblb], vs. , to be sloppy,
be thin (of food with waterj.
Sbmbn, vt., to buy, get, procure,
purchase, redeem.
sbmba nklngo, to substitute an
other to die for oneself.
Somba, vt., to bang down, cast
down, hurl down, put down
violently, throw down from
shoulder upon the ground.
somba mobondo bo, to strike
with the mobondo violently.
Somba, vin., to dance the divina
tion dance.
Sbmbo, vt. , to engage, hire, rent.
sombo pete-pete, to suborn.
sombisa, vc., to let out, rent.
Sbmbolo, ind. , rearing up.
Sombbmbb, in,l, standing high
above surrounding grass (of
person's head).
Sbmbotono, vs., to wrestle.
Somia [some], /:'.. to put an arti
cle through something so as to
hold it up.
Sbminya, vc., to set one person
against another, alienate, disarfect, estrange.
Sombla, vt., to applaud, cheer, cry
out against, hoot, shout in ap
probation or disapprobation,
name a person after another
kinsman.
Somwa, vs. , to come out suddenly.
Sona, ',/t., to esteem, hallow,
honour, regard, respect, re
vere, reverence, venerate.
sona Nyambe, to be religious,
respect God.
Sbndibana, vs., to search every
where, roam about in search.
Sbndo, vt. , to seek everywhere for.
Sondbla, vt., to dissolve, fuse,
melt.

SONDO-SUKA

( 230)

Sondbla (continued).
Sosolo (continued).
sondwa, vs. , to fall over (of rot
by intuition, make out, note,
ten flesh), be molten.
perceive, recognise, see, under
Songa nteke, vph. , to keep awake
stand.
all night, remain awake.
sosolo cb, to look well at.
Sbngasbnga, vs., to move head
sbsolo yetete, to discern.
and throat about in women's
soswisa, zv., to introduce one
dance.
person to another.
Sbngia [sbngema, songa], vs., to Sbtia [sbtama, sota], . '/. , to arch
nod, shake head up and
back, gather into bulk.
Soto, vin., to decrease, shrink,
down, wag.
Songibana, vs. , to give an anyhow
become thin or small.
Su, ind. , nearly, with verbs denoting
answer, nod head.
Sbngila, vt., to put end to end,
catching, hitting, etc.
skewer, thread beads.
ta su, to shoot and miss.
Songima, vs. = songibana.
Suba, vt. , to wade.
Suba ndai, vp//. = simba ndai.
Sbnginya, -v. = singinya.
Songo, vin., to bud, put forth Subia [subama, suba], .- .. to
leaves, sprout.
clothe, encase, enclose, en
Songo, vt., to recognise a path,
velope, insert, mortise, put in.
subama,
vs., to get into hole, be
trace.
inwrought, sink (in mud).
songo mambi, to explain.
subam'b mombale, to be deep
Sbngblb, I, ., so-and-so, somely in debt.
body, what's-his-name, used
aubam'b ntei, to appear in the
when a person does not care
to mention names. When
midst.
more than one person is de
Subbla, /'/. ... bilisa.
subwa, vs. = bila.
noted then the phrase sbngbib
Subu (Eng. ), 3, //., soup.
na pakala is used.
Sono, vt. , to decorate Ixxly with Suka, ,-/., to come to an end,
culminate, terminate.
lines, delineate, draw (pic
suka na mikano or miango, '
tures), sketch, record, set
temporize, procrastinate.
down, register, write.
sono bokomaka, to inscribe.
sukela, vt., to bolster, check,
sono llna, to write a name.
hold up, intercede for, lay foun
sono ndimbb, to address an
dation, make peace between
enemies, prop up, stay, sup
envelope.
port, uphold.
sonosono, vrec., to correspond,
sukisa, vc., to conclude (a pala
write to one another.
ver), conduct to end of journey,
Sbnbnala [sbnbnb], vs., to be
put an end to dispute, termin
always angry looking.
Sbnongo, ind., walking with heel
ate.
Sukana, vs. = sukatana.
drawn up.
Sonya, vt. = conya.
Sukasuka, vs., to be dissatisfied,
Sosa, vin., to bathe.
be distrustful, glance con
Sosolo, vt. , to point a stick, sharpen
temptuously, refuse to close a
palaver without propitiatory
to a point.
soswa, vs., to be pointed.
offering.
Sosolo, vt., to apprehend, diagnose, Sukatana, vs. , to keep tight hold
discriminate, distinguish, iden
(of person who keeps back an
tify, have insight, know, know
angry assailant).

( 231 )

SUKO-SUNGO

Sukbla. vt., to agitate, create a Sumbisa (continued).

govern, pollute, profane, render
disturbance, bring trouble
vile or worthless, taint, violate,
upon, disturb the peace, em
vitiate, waste.
['ege.
broil, give trouble to, incite to
fight, push so as to fall, insti
sumbis'ekila, to commit sacrigate a fight, knock off with a Sume, iiul., restrained.
ybka munya sumc, to be res
stick, pick a quarrel.
trained in speech.
sukola nzbto, to let oneself fall. !
butwa sumo, to recoil.
sukwa, vs. , to collapse, distil
(of dew), drip, drop, pour down Srinda, vin., to decrease, come
down, depress, descend, get
(of rain).
Sukukala lsulmku], vs., to be
down, give lowered tone to
unshaven, untidy.
[leaf.
vowel, go down, settle, subside.
sunda lle, to swoop.
sukukala na mangu, to be in
sunda moloko sutu, to feel
Sukulii (Eng.), 3, //.. school.
Sukuta, vt. , to prop up head with
sure, be content.
sunda motuya, to fall in price.
hand in sleep, wedge up.
Sula, vin. = sulwa.
sunda pekele, to flap almost
Sula, vin., to be afraid to run
close to mast (of flag).
sunda selele, to slip or glide
away ; vt. , to poke.
Sulupulu (Eng.), 3, ., sulphur.
down.
Sululala lsv,lulu|, vs., intensive
sunda sutu, to be content, be
meanings 0/ sulwa.
trusting.
sunda tbnono, to flow down (of
sululala na bongo, to cringe.
water down an incline).
Sulwa, -'s., to alter from proper
sundisa, vc., to allay, bring
condition to a worse one, be
down, depress, launch, let
blighted, fail in spirit, be over
come, be overpowered, para
down, put down.
sundisa moloko. to confide.
lysed with fear, quail, be
sundisa moloko sutu, to rest
stunned.
satisfied, be content, acquiesce,
sulwa na bongo, to be pale with
trust.
fear.
sundisa motuya.to make cheap.
sulwa na nconi, to blush with
sundisa mpoma, to take breath.
shame, be ashamed.
sulwa swi, to be disappointed,
sundisa mw'eloko, to alleviate.
Sunga, vt., to quieten, subdue.
be put out.
sulwisa, vc. , to unnerve.
Sunga, vt., to assist, be accessory
stilwisa lumu, to defame.
to, aid, be auxiliary to, conduce
to, further, help, be instru
sulwisa mollmo, to dispirit.
sulwisa na nconi, to make
mental in, promote, minister
to, relieve, be subservient to,
ashamed.
sulwisa sululu, to degrade.
succour.
sulwisa swi, to disappoint, Sungela, vin., to be adorned, be
beautified, be dressed up, put
grieve.
Sumbana, vs., to be impure, be
on fine things,
Sungemela, vap. , to join together
spoiled, be violated, be worth
against one person.
less.
Sumbisa, ' .. to contaminate, Sungbla, vt., to blot out, efface,
eradicate, erase, rescind, rub
corrupt, damage, deface, defile,
deprave, desecrate, despoil,
out, scour, scrub, scrape off,
injure, make obnoxious, misstrike out.

SUNI-TAKE

( 232 )

Sunisa, i', . = simdisa.

Ta, vt., to cast, hit, put forth
Supulu (Fr. ), 3, ., cauliflower.
rapidly ; recite, relate ; vin.,
Susa, vln. = suswa.
to appear (of moon).
Susana, i/.v. , to shrink.
ta bota, to shoot, fire a gun.
Susinya, vc., to advance, cause
ta cee, to tell a story, sneeze.
anything to proceed to any
ta elamba loswa, to bind a
indicated place.
cloth with a braid.
susmya bele-bele, to draw near.
ta elosi, to give a palatal click.
susinya bokengama, to sidle.
ta esele, to steer from the bow.
Suswa, vs. , to approach or proceed
ta esongo, to fire a gun overhead
to any indicated place, budge,
into the air.
shift.
ta eyako, to plead for, make
suswa bele-bele, to draw near.
excuse.
Sutu, ind., content, satisfied,
ta likongo, to throw a spear.
trusting.
ta likula, to shoot an arrow.
Swa, vt. , to dress, wear.
ta lintoni or lintolinga, to dot,
swa pusunganu, to be slovenly.
make a mark or spot.
swisa, vt., to attire, clothe,
ta liseke, to gore.
dress, invest, rig.
ta liseseku, to hiccough.
Swa, vt., to capsize, cast, mould, ta lobesi, to play lobesi.
run over, spill.
ta masu, to shoot or throw and
swela, vap. , to pour, spill.
miss wounding.
swisa, ev., to overturn, capsize,
ta mankombb, to mention a
spill.
person's sobriquets.
swisa mai bu, to dash water.
ta mikalo, to make excuse,
Swata, ind. , from swatela.
plead for.
Swatela [swata], vt. , to carry by
ta mise'so or mise'd = sesbla.
ta mobio, to belch.
a sling over arm or shoulder.
Swe, ind., from swenge, darting
ta moiko, to steer from stern.
ta moiko bu, to steer sharp
about, enraged, impetuous,
rushing.
round a corner.
Swe, ind., hissing, used with
ta molunza, to break wind.
yule'la.
ta munya, to chew, masticate.
Swenge [swe], vi//. , to fling one
ta mwasaso, to gape.
self about in a rage, rush about
ta ncoko, to shoot ncoko in a
with anger, foam with wrath.
game with these seeds.
swenge swe, to be desperate,
ta zenze, to buttonhole.
be impetuous.
Tabinya, vc. , tocondole with, con
Swe-swe, ind., sharp.
sole with, sympathize with.
Swi, ind., disappointed, used with ; Tabbla, .- '/. = oinza.
butwa .///,/ sulwa.
Takana, vs., to collide, come to
Swiwele (Eng.), 3, n., swivel.
gether, converge, meet, join
(of rivers).
takinya, vc., to bring together.
takinya meya, to make a fire.
Ta! I, ., word of address to a
takinya mind, to gnash the
man, also an exclamation at
teeth.
the end of sentences.
takinya nkanzu, to arrange
Ta-, archaic prefix in proverbs of
firewood for a fire,
the yd person sing, to denote Takemela, vap., to move by
a yisa ka.
bl owing.

(233)

Takola, vt., to contribute, sub

scribe.
takbla makolo, to take little

steps, toddle, walk toddlingly.

Takubana, OT., to beat (of heart),
be crowded, heave (of lungs),
be jolted.
Takuma, vs. -. takubana.
Tala, vt., to behold, look on (a
performance), view.
Tala, vin., to be hit, hit (of bullet),
be wounded.
talisa, vs., to wound, hit (said
of hunter).
talisa mbesi, to cast a winning
jthrow in lobesi.
Talatala, 3, n. , glass, looking glass,
mirror; in pl., spectacles.
talatal'e mosika, field glass,
telescope.
talatal'e lililingi, lantern slide.
Taliele (Fr.), 3, ., augur.
Talbla, vt., to cut open abdomen.
Tama,v/., to be greased, be oiled.
Tamba, vt. , to catch.
Tambambala [tambamba], ;'.,..
to be conspicuous, be distant
but clearly visible, loom up, be
prominent.
Tambana, vs. = kitana.
tambinya, vc., to pass round
from one to another.
Tambia [tambama, tamba], / '/. ,
to hold out hand to receive
something upon it.
Tambili-tambili, ind. = li-li.
Tambbla, vin., to go, go on foot,
march, tramp, walk.
tambbla bekeke, to strut.
tambbla kandanda, to straddle.
tambola kengu-kengu or kb-

nongo-konongo, to hop.
tambola lobangu, to move or
walk fast.
tambola lingoi, to walk without
creeping (of child).
tambola mambiambisa, to go
backwards.
tambola monyeki, to trot.
-tambola nongi-nongi, to walk
slowly.

TAKU-TANGA

Tambola (continued).
tambola nyelele, to glide.
tambola sali, to walk quickly.
tambola tonono, to totter.
tambwisa, vc., to drive, impel,
lead, make known (news),
propel, publish, send away,
spread (news).
tambwisa losai, to parade.
tambwisa lotembe, to lay a
layer of grass on roof.
tambwisa mengo, to navigate.
tambwisa miso, to look about.
tambwisa miso zbngb, to look

round about.
tambwisa mompandi, to walk
in funeral procession.
tambwisa mwasi, to send away
wife publicly.
[news.
tambwisa noango, to circulate
tambwisa nyalala, to squirt.
tambwasana. vree., to have
dealings with, intermingle, the
causativeform is tambwisana.
Tana, vin., to be beautiful, be
bonny, look nice, be lovely,
be pleasant to look upon, be
pretty.
Tanda, vt., to nail out skin in sun,
spread out a cloth, etc.
tand'etuti, to make a "bed.
Tandabana, vs. , to be shallow (of
vessels).
Tandi, ind., flat, horizontal, level,
laid open, spread open.
Tandema [tanda], . ... to go
straight along.
Tandbla, vt. = pandbla.
Tandbla, vt., to arrange things in
order, lay out, set (table).
tandbl'epbmba, to lay or
spread the table.
tandbla miiko, to set in lots.
tandbla molbngo, to set in a line.
Tanga, vt., to call byname, call
name, denominate, name, pe
ruse, read, scandalize, slander.
Tanga, vin., to distil, dribble,
drip, drop, fall in drops, flow,
leak, ooze, percolate, roll
down (of tears).

TANGA-TEMBE

( 234 )

Tanga (continued).
tanga malongo, to bleed.
tanga miosbli, to cry, shed
tears, weep.
tangisa, -'<:., to distil.
tangisa malongo, to draw, let
or shed blood.
Tangala-tangala, ind. , apart, with
distance between, separate.
Tangangala, vs., to be apart,
be astride (of legs).
Tangbla, vt., to disjoin, diverge,
eliminate, exclude, excom
municate, make distinct, put
apart or away, remove to a dis
tance, separate, set apart or
aside, stand aloof.
tangbla bisa, to put further
apart.
tangbla nzbto, to go apart.
tangbla . . . mpenza lombombalu, to exile.
tangwa, vs., to diverge, give
space, glance off, go abroad,
go apart, go aside, go away,
move out of the way, stand off.
tangwisa, vc., to estrange.
Tanka (Eng. ), 3, //., tank.
Tankwayindo, I, ., boy, little
fellow,
-tano, adj., five.
Tata, vin., to creak.
Tata, I, ., papa, dada.
Tatabana, vs., to cry out with
pain, protest.
Tatbla, vt., to bear witness, give
evidence, tell, testify.
tatbla motatb, to bear witness.
tatbla lokuta, to bear false wit
ness.
Tayasana, vs. , to bicker, inveigle,
speak angrily together.
Te, ind. and intj., nay, no ; click
of gun in cocking.
Te, vt., to disobey, be wayward,
'te, abbrevintion of ete.
Tebe, vt., to cut firewood, hew.
Tebbla, vt., to vex (of evil spirit or
thoughts).
tebwa, vs., to be mixed with
water (of wine).

Teibana [tei-tei], vs., to gleam.

Teke, vt., to dispose of, sell.
teke bo, to sell out all goods
completely.
teke bokakbla, to sell dry goods
by retail.

teke boyikbla, to sell whole

sale.
teke mondoko, to sell byauction.
Tekekala [tekeke], , ',-.. to project
some distance.
Tekekele [tekeke], vs., to bulge
out, poke out a little, protrude
a little.
Tekene, -'..-. = bengene.
Tekbla, vt., to lever up.
Tekolo, vt., to retail (fluids), sell
by retail anything that can be
sold by cubic measure.
Tekubana, vs. , to shake.
Tola, vin., to become bright in
colour (of certain fruits which
in ripening become yellow or
red), be bloodshot, brighten,
be red-hot.
telisa, vc., to make red-hot.
Telangana, vs., to be besotted,
be fiery (of eyes in delirium),
also said of a man who having
started a fight becomes sur
rounded by a large number of
assailants.
Tele, vt., to enclose, infuse, instil,
load (a breechloader), put in,
insert.
tele bokomaka, to inoculate.
tel'esau, to prime flintlock gun.
Telengana, vs., to struggle to re
cover one's balance.
Telolo, vt. , to get second share of
a find.
-tolu, adj., bright, ripe.
Tema, /., to demand, like, need.
require, want.
temibwa, vp., to be indispens
able, be requisite.
Temamala, . ' , . = lendandala.
Tembembala, vs., to be standing
instead of sitting and joining
with the rest.

( 235 )
Tembe-tembe, ///'/., trembling (as
of so called trembling grass).
Tembolo, vt., to bark a tree.
Teme, vin., to arise, halt, rise,
stand.
teme bosb, to go forward.
tem'esbngb, to be adverse, be
contrary, be in conflict, mili
tate, oppose, be against, be in
enmity.
teme ngendb, to defy, with
stand, resist.
teme sika, to get up erect.
teme sbmbolo, to rear up.
temisa, vs., to compose (type),
erect, cause to stand up.
Temolo lokbta, vph., to speak
grammatically.
temwa, vs., to be agreeable, be
correct, be expressive, be gram
matical, be pleasant sounding,
be regular (of speech).
-temii, adj. , fresh, new, novel, re
cent, singular, unusual.
Temwa, -'s. = tengwa.
Tena [TV. , tenya], vt. , to burst
(gun), snap.
tenya, vs., to blow violently (of
tornado), be thrown down.
Tende, vt., to adze smooth, award,
criticise, judge.
tendele, vap. , to judge a person.
Tendolo, i'/., to brighten (mirror),
clear off (mist), make thing
appear unclouded, open (blind
eyes), purify (water), render
eyesight clear.
tendolo munya, to put salt in
the mouth with food to make
food pleasant to taste.
tendwa, vs., to become sober
(said of eyes).
Tenduma, r..-., to bounce, bound
up.
Tenga, mn., to erect (of penis).
Tengatenga, vs., to reel, stagger.
Tengeme [tenge], vs. , to be con
valescent.
Tengia [tengeme, tenge], -.-;'. , to
carry on hip, put to one side,
suspend on back.

TEMBE-TIKA

Tengolo, vt. , to deflect.

Tenguma, ztf. , to be or walk lame,
halt.
Tengwa, vs. , to suffer with catar
act (of eye).
Tend, ind. , from tenbla, direct,
shortest (of road).
Tenbla, vt., to abbreviate by de
grees, pluck tops off cassava
bushes to fatten roots, reduceby a small portion, = te'na.
Tenone (Eng.), 3, ., tenon.
Tenya, vs., from te'na.
Tenyangana, vs., to hatch (of
eggs), snap to pieces.
Tetubana, : . , to heave (as chest
or waves), pant.
Tetuma, vs. = tetubana.
tetumisa, ve., to jolt.
Tetwa, vs., to rush to great dis
tance (of meteor), soar to
great distance.
tetwa na mompe, to sail.
Teya, vt., to bring up, inculcate,
bring up, teach.
Ti, ind., from titbla.
Ti, ind. , from tilima and timimala, calm, still, intently.
Tika, vt., to abandon, allow, de
sist, discontinue, give way,
lapse, leave, leave off, let, let
alone, permit, place, put, stop,
vacate, yield ; also let which
introduces the hortative sentence ;
intj., hold !
tika biu ''/- mpenza, to let alone.
tik'epose, to give consent, per
mit.
tika kale, leave a thing not ii>
the charge of anyone, leave out.
tika lengele, to isolate.
tika libula, to bequeath, leave a
legacy.
tika ndaka, to fix promise.
tika ngbu, to fail in spirit, give
or throw up in despair, give urv
persevering, lose heart.
tika ntuka, to pawn.
tika sika, to leave where placed,
let or put alone.
tika tandi or pole, to lay open.

TiKA-TOKO

Tika (continued).
tika tuta, to deposit, lay down.
tikela, vap., to endow.
tikisa . . . mambi ngbii, to
daunt.
Tikala, vs. = tikana,
Tikana, vs., to be left, remain be
hind, survive.
tikana boyeli, to be bereaved.
Tiki, adv. , introducing past tenses
and giving to the verb the idea
of should or would or might,
when the opposite of the supposi
tion is the fact.
Tilima [ti], vs., to be allayed, be
come still, be cool, be eased,
be inactive, settle, be sober.
tilimisa, vc., to refrigerate.
tilimisa mpbs'e nua or mai, to
allay thirst.
tilimisa nzala, to allay hunger.
Tima, vt., to burrow, dig, eat into
flesh (of sore), plough, sink
(a hole).
Timimala [ti], vs., to be atten
tive, be engrossed, be intent,
be interested.
[tion.
timimala ti, to pay great attentimisa matoi timimalu, to be
interesting.
timisa moto timimalu, to inter
est a person.
timisa miso timimalu, to en
gross attention.
Timbla, /'/. = tima.
Tinda, vt., to despatch, post, send,
refer, send forward or forth.
tinda mboko, to export.
Tindisa, m-., to add firewood to
fire, push ends of remaining
pieces of firewood closer to
gether, conclude.
Tingia [tingama, tinge], vt., to
fasten, tie up.
Tingbla, vt., to unloose, untie.
Tipo (Eng.), 3, ., type.
Titola [ti], ;'/., to smooth, iron
(clothes).
titwa, vs., to be simple, be un
complicated, be smooth, be
. straight.

236)

Tiya, vin., to complain, fret, mur

mur.
tiyela nzbto, to have remorse.
Tiyabana, vs., intensive meanings
of tiya.
To, vt., to suffer (pain) ; vin., to be
delicious, be nice, have a
sharp edge, be piquant.
to bwale, to be indisposed,
suffer.
toisa bwale, to give pain, hurt,
molest.
To, vin., to appear (of teeth), ger
minate, grow, rise (of passions,
thoughts).
to mangu, to come into leaf.
to nkanga, to take root.
tbisa, vc., to germinate, grow,
propagate.
To, ind., only, exactly, denoting
that an occurrence only occurs
the specified number of times, as
akeli zambi nkela ncato to,
he did the matter exactly or only
3 times.
Toba, vt., to flay, peel, skin, take
off (scab).
Tobila, vt., to glean, look for what
has been left, pick up scattered
fragments, search for.
Tobo, vin., to speak in an under
tone, speak quietly or softly,
whisper.
Tobo, ind., fallen into water.
Tobbla, vt. = toba.
tobwa, vs., to slough.
Tbka, -'/., to bale out water from
canoe ; vin. , to enter a snare,
go into a trap.
toka mai, to draw water from
river or well,
tbkisa, to entangle in a net.
Toka, vin., to perspire, sweat.
Tbkibana, vs. , to pant.
Tbkinya, vc., to hasten, hurry,
impel, press, urge.
Toko, vt., to beat, bruise, make
fetish, mash, pound or pul
verise in mortar, wash by
pounding and rubbing.
Tbko, vin. zoko.

( 237)
Tbkbla. vt., to eat with a spoon,
ladle, shovel, take up water in
both hands placed together,
take up with curved palm of
hand.
Tole, 3, ii., constellation which
has not yet been identified.
Tolima [tbli-tbli], vs., to hide.
Tolima ( toli-toh ], vs., to be afloat,
float, swim.
Tblo, 3, i/., sleep sickness.
Tblbmwa, i ' -. = tblwa.
Tblwa, OT. , to blaze up, dart up,
flame, get up or go in a body.
Tbmba, vin., to fall or pour (of
rain), hail (of hailstones) ; vt.
= kamba = netbla.
tombola rnbula, to be wet with
rain.
tbmbisa, rv. , to put on a man's
shoulders.
Tornbele, ind. , standing erect.
Tbmbo, vt. , to look up a thing,
search for, seek.
Tombbmbala, vs., to be far away
but in sight, gigantic (of trees
and things inanimate).
Tomisa, vt., to confer (a title),
name.
Tomb, I, i/., sir, madam.
Tbmu-tbmu, ind., chubby, plump.
Tbna, vt., to contradict, deny, dis
claim, gainsay, recant, repudi
ate.
tbna na ndai, to abjure.
tbnasana, vrcc., to be contra
dictory.

Tbnd.-i. vin., to be full.

tbndlsa, to till up.
tondlsa lebe-lebe, to fill to the
brim.
Tondibana, vs., to bob up and
down.
Tondo, vt., to give thanks, be
grateful to.
Tonga, vt., to build, plait (basket),
put up (house), weave.
tbng'etotbkb, to make a cup of a
leaf.
Tonga, vt., to sew.
tonga moambo, to darn.

TOKO-TOU

Tonga (continued).
tonga monkana, to bind a
book.
tonga poloko-poloko, to baste,
tack.

Tongana, vs., to join together, be

reconciled.
tonginya, m\, to reconcile ene
mies.
Tongia [tongama, tonga], vt., tofit together, frame, join to
gether, splice.
Tongo, vin. , to crow, coo.
Tbngo, vin., to be completely tired
out.
-tongb, adj., empty, entirely, only.
Tongbla, vt., to disconnect, dis
join, disjoint, dislocate, suffer
with heartburn (said of heart),
undo.
Tbngolo, vt. , to pluck off stalk,
hull.
Tonbla, vt., to pick off something
that sticks, scratch off with
finger-nails.
Tonond, ind., tottering.
Tonybla, vt. = tonbla.
Tbnyolo, vt. = tonybla.
Tosa, vt. , to be attentive to the
wishes of a friend, conform to,
entertain, mind, obey, be sub
ject to, submit to, yield to,
treat with deference.
Tosu-tbsii, ind., soft (of earth).
Tbta, vin. = tbtwa.
Tbtibana, .-,-. = tbkibana.
Tbtinya, vc. , to gather together.
Tbtb, ind., entire, absolute.
Tb-tb, ind., dropping (of water).
Totolo, vt., to broil, char, frizzle,
. gnll.
Tbtwa, vs., to bawl, brawl, crackle,
cry out, fire or go off (of gun),
be noisy, roar, speak loudly.
tbtwa bompunda, to cry out be
cause of indecent exposure.
tbtwa ncwele, to go off by itself
(of gun).
Tbtwangana, vs. , to be boister
ous.
Toii-ton, ind., flabby.

TU-TUNGO

( 238)

Tu, prep. and conj. , beside, except,

exclusive of, save. In the case
of a verb appearing in the sen
tence when tu is used as a con
junction the verb is in the
purportive mood.
banco bayi tu se yeye, every
one came except him.
anga nde d yisa botamboli ka
tu s'et'e komosunga yo, he
cannot walk save insomuch as
you help him.
tu se yo nosbmba bnga nde
d kwa ka, except you buy you
will not get.
Tu, adv., in such a way.
yeye munya tu, he spoke in
such a way.
[a way.
yeye loboko tu, he held in such
Tu, ind. , beating with soft edge of
palm of hand.
Tuba [vs., tubya], vt., to bore (of
insect), lance, open (abscess),
perforate, pierce, puncture, tap
(palm-tree) ; contrive, concoct,
compose, invent, originate,
start.
tubya, vs., to burst, rupture,
spring a leak.
Tuba-tuba, ind., feebly swimming.
Tubi, 3, n. = nyei.
Tubbla, vt. , to charge with bewitchery.
Tubwangana [tubu-tubu], vs. , to
flounder about (in water).
tubu-tubu, ind. , falling (as water
from waterfall).
Tubya, vs., from tuba.
Tubyangana, vs., to be pierced
full of holes.
Tuka, vt., to inherit, succeed to
position ; to be cruel towards,
maltreat, oppress, overwork,
torment, torture, treat harshly
or unkindly, tyrannize over.
tuka bokonzi, to become chief.
tukisa, iv., to appoint.
Tuka, vin., to have flatulence (of
moil, suffer with dry rot.
Tukbla, vt. , to redeem a pledge,
take away use of legs.

Tukbla, vt., to warm, heat up.

Tuku, ind., long diving.
linda tuku, to dive deep.
Tukuku, ind., distended.
Tuku-tuku, ind., weak with fever.
Tula, vt., to beat, beat against,
bump, collide with, forge,
strike the foot against, weld.
tula libaku, to stumble, collide
with stubble.
Tula, vin., to have no sale, be be
low standard, remain unsold.
Tulana, vs., to chatter (of teeth).
Tuleke, ind., drowned by being
plunged in water while held
by the legs.
Tulele [Fr.], 3, ., trowel.
Tuma moloko, , '///., to make the
death gurgle.
Tumba, vt., to burn, roast, set on
fire.
tumb'elembo, to brand. [line.
Tumbelele, ind., in continuous
Tumbete (K. ), 3, n., cornet, trum
pet.
Tumbbla, , '/. = sikola.
Tume, ind., dejected, demure, de
pressed, dismal.
Tumbla, vt., to aggravate, infuri
ate, irritate, rouse to anger or
fight, vex.
Tuna, vin., to be blunt.
Tundulu, ind., standing erect.
Tundulu, ind., used with the
passive /laiiga, incurable.
Tundululu, ind., straight (of tree
trunk).
Tunga, vin., to be emaciated, be
lean, be thin, be wasted ; wane
(of moon).
Tungatunga, vs., to be concerned,
be in a fuss, be perturbed.
Tungia [tungama, tunga.tunge],
vt., to stick fast to or take
hold of anything moving.
Tungisa, vc., to plague, tantalize,
tease, trouble, worry.
tungisa na miele, to quibble.
Tungbla, vt., to cast off, extricate,
free so as to move, loosen, take
off, untangle, put off.

(239)
Tnngbla (continued).
tungbl'elamba./ n put off clothes,
denude, divest.
[clear.
tungwa, vs. , to break loose, get
Tununu, ind., rash.
Tanyangana, vs., to be closed but
seeing (of eyes).
Tusu, ind., pierced.
Tuta, vt., to knead flesh, to dis
perse pain, sponge ; recite,
relate.
tuta bosele, to crawl (as wound
ed bird).
tuta na mai, to foment.
tut'ebb, to relate a history or
narrative.
tut'ekblongo, to mention a
proverb.
Tata, nin., to bulge, distend, swell.
Tu-tu, ind., cut to pieces, see also
bila.

Tutuba, vt., to beat out (bark),

beat plantain together to form
mondambo, foliate, malleate.
Tutuma [tuta], vs., to coagulate,
congeal, be dormant, be froz
en, lie down, be recumbent,
repose.
tutuma kenga, to lie on side.
ttituma linkutu, to encamp.
tutuma mancankale, to lie on
back.
tutuma ngbli, to be asleep.
tutuma samba, to lie on stom
ach.
tutumisa, vc. , to lay down, put
flat on the ground.
Tutwa, vs., to ascend, circulate,
rise, wreathe up (of smoke).
Tuya, vt., to bargain, contract,
name price, price.
Twa, vt., to abuse, inveigle, bite.
twa ekolu, ncoi or ntei, to
expectorate, spit.
twa libanza, to discuss a wrong
or crime.
twa mind, to bite.
twisa, vc. , to have preliminary
labour pains, travail.
Twi, ind., clutching with boso,
tight of teeth with yimba.

TUNGO WALA

Ule, ind. = kule.

Ululu, ind. = wululu.
W
Wa, ind., allayed, completely, dead,
entirely, finally, perished, quite.
Wa, vin., to decay, decease, be
defunct, die, exhaust, be im
passable (of road), be obsolete,
succumb, suffer.
wa boi, to smooth.
wa boncinga, to faint.
wa bonimu, to die of old age.
wa bonyili, to be paralysed.
wa libdmi, to forfeit, lose in
war, suffer loss.
wa lobangu, to be transient.
wa mai, to bale out water.
wa- masomo, to be jealous.
wa moi, to forget.
wa motena, to die suddenly.
wa munyapbto, to die intestate.
wa na biseso, to indulge in
boisterous mirth.
wa noa, to be in a trance.
wa n'ekiba, to suffocate.
wa nkala, to miss fire.
wa nkula, to be unfinished.
wa nzala, to famish.
wa n'esulu, to suffer blight.
wa nzoi, to fish with an eboko.
wa b mai, to be drowned.
wa pio, to become useless.
wa tuleke, to be drowned by
being plunged in the water.
wa yelele, to die silently.
Wa, ind., gradually, softly, cauti
ously.
Wala, vt., to file, grate, grind,
scrape.
Walangana, vs. , to act the hypo
crite, be insincere, dissemble,
dissimulate, be mealy-mouthed,
be perfidious, secretly plot.
walangana nokela, to take
upon oneself to do.

WALI-WUNDO

( 240 )

Walibana [wali-wall |, .-'.<-., to

elapse silently, elope, retire,
withdraw.
walibana na boyibi, to filch.
waliban'b bokutinyi, to act
with knavery.
Walibana [wali-wali], vs., to dart
away, elapse rapidly, scamper,
scurry.
Walbla, vt., to pare off skin, take
off leaves.
Wangala, //.',/. , from wangangala.
Wanganga, ind. = wangala.
Wangangala [wangala, wanganga], vs., to be elongated, be
fine, be neat, be open, be
slim, be spare and tall.
Wani, inter, adv., where ? This is
also used in adj. clauses to
denote any, whatsoever, which,
whichsoever, whosoever.
Wasii, ind., accidental, uninten
tional.
Wata, mn., to quake, quiver, shake,
shiver, tremble.
wata kbu-kbu, to be unsteady.
watisa, vc., to agitate, quiver,
shake, shiver.
Watatala, vs., to be finely clothed,
be well-dressed.
We, ind., during, until, = ze.
we In, during and until.
We, ind. , from wele, entered, gone
in, passed in, within.
Wela, vt., to clamour, die for,
scuffle, scramble, struggle for,
tussle, discuss or haggle about
(a price), wrangle.
Wele [we], vin., to enter, go in,
pass in, penetrate, step in ; this
verb should be followed by the
prep. b.
wele kobe, to fall in (of tooth
less mouth).
wele moi, to become pregnant,
conceive.
'wele mombale, to incur a debt,
become indebted.
wel'ekani, to become fearfully
apprehensive.
wele b, to incur.

Wele (continued).
welisa, vc., to admit, fetch in,
give access, introduce, take in,
turn in.
Welele, ind., no jags, even,
straight.
Welengene, vs. , to dwindle (in
number).
Weni, adv. , here, hither,
Wesene, vs. ----- yosene.
We-we, ind. , floating rapidly.
Wi, ind. , completely surpassing.
Winika (Eng.), 3, ., vinegar.
Wlsa, vc., to bewail, grieve over,
mourn.
wisa mai, to evaporate moisture.
Wisa, vt. yisa.
Wo, intj., exclamation of denial
or rejection.
Wb, ind., clutching, snatching.
Wo, ind., gone.
Wbka [wo], vt. , to jerk, snatch.
Wokbla, vt., to pay an exorbitant
price.
Wbla, mn. = ybla.
Wolbngana [wowo], vs., to be
dissipated, spent.
wolinginya, vs., to be profligate,
consume, dissipate, squander,
waste.
Wblo, vt., to lower striker of gun,
put gun at half cock.
Wbld, 3, ., gold.
Wolbla, . '/. '-'- yolbla.
Wolblb, ind., entirely acquitted,
declared fully innocent, used
with the verb lbnga.
Wbngolo, ind., from wbngbngala.
Wbngbngala [wbngolo], .-.-.. to be
elongated, be long.
Wosbngana [woso], vs., to rustle.
Wb-wb, ind., garrulous, sec 1ckn
bolobi.
Wdwo, ind. , from wolbngana.
Wdso-woso, ind. from wosbngana.
Wululu, ind., going in a stam
pede.
Wumba, vt. = yumba.
Wundbla, . '. = yundbla.

( 241 )

Ya, vin., to come, happen, occur,

take place, transpire.
ya botutuma, to come intending
to stay over night.
ya bu-ii, to moan, (of wind).
ya mobete, to bring up rear,
straggle.
ya mosumba, to come intending
to return the same day.
ya nopeleme, to eavesdrop.
ya b molbko, to come to mind.
ya sO bongo, to come by chance.
ya wa-wa, to come slyly,
sneak.
"Ya, ind. , smacking, with bbla.
Yaba, vt., to appease, check pas
sion, correct (child), quieten,
soothe ; scream or squawk (of
parrot).
Yai, ind., quickly lifting.
Yaibana [yai-yai], vs., to be
agile, fall into plot or trap un
warily, be lithe, be nimble, be
thin and light (through illness).
Yaka, vt., to clear the throat.
Yakia [yakema, ka], -:'. , to heap
on, impose or pay excess or
interest, lay one thing upon
another, put above, pile up,
put upon, put more, put on top.
yakia ka, to exalt.
yakia litbmba, to make profit.
yakia mbbnga, to put on ridge
pole.
yakia ngandanda, to glut.
yakia zambi, to impose a con
dition.
yakema, vs., to be elevated,
perch, ride (upon).
yakema makolo tangangalu
or panga, to be astride, be
stride. straddle.
yakem'b, to jump upon.
Yakbla, vt., to bring down, dis
mount, lower.
yakbla nzbto, to dismount.
Yakwa, vs., to be angry, be ex
asperated, be irritated, be
vexed.

YA-YAMBO

Yakwa (continued).
yakwisa, n-., to aggravate, en
rage, exasperate, irritate, im
passion, vex.
[point.
Yala, vin., to come to the boiling
Yalela. a/., to examine gently,
grope in the dark for the path,
probe, seek by feeling for.
Yalela, vap., to arrange (food on
basket ready for taking to
chief) by means of leaves put
between the various articles.
Yama, vt., to brew, squeeze or
wring out, press out ; colq., to
inquire for, seek, search for.
yama nouka, to brew sugar
cane beer.
Yamasana, vs., to squall (of in
fant).
Yamba, vt., to accept, adopt, as
sent, become responsible for,
become convinced, believe,
concede, get, have faith, meet
(by canoe), receive, take.
yamba bokbbo, to stain.
yamba bokbnb, to catch a dis
ease.
yamba mboko, to import.
yambisa, vc., to convince, hand
to, pass to any one, serve,
serve out, transmit.
yambela, vap., to believe in,
rely on ; receive wife for the
husband (said of middle-man).
Yambana, ~'/s., to do by turn.
yambinya, vc., to reach out to,
translate.
Yambetela, vt., to be influenced,
receive infection, receive un
consciously.
bokono bb yambetela, conta
gious disease.
yambetise'la, vap., to infect,
influence, transmit contagious
sickness, unconsciously trans
mit.
Yambo, ind., from yambbla, first,
former, heretofore, old, pre
vious, prior.
yambo nconco, at the very first,
at the very beginning.

YAMBO-YEBO

(242 )

Yambbla, vt., to get before, go

ahead, precede, lead, go first.
yambwisa, ,-c., to send before.
Yanana, 3, n. , 3rd day previous to
or following to-day.
Yanda, vt., to buy at exorbitant
price, pay exorbitantly.

Yandbla, /-/. = yanda.

Yanga, vt., to adjust, arrange, at
tune, construct, contrive, de
sign, frame, harmonize, make,
plan, plot, propose, purpose,
scheme.
yanga bwe'ngo, to fit out canoe,
yanga llbuli, to confer, hold
council.
yanga mpbta, to ulcerate.
yanga mwana, to show signs of
pregnancy or of hatching in
eggs.
yang'ekanga, to crown a king,
lit., to plan a city.
yanga nkuku, to plan secretly.
yangisa, vc., to advise, project.
yangela, vap. , to conspire, plot
against, scheme for.
Yangana, vs., to argue negatively
against a charge, excuse, plead.
Yangangala, .-., to hold arms
away from sides of body, either
on account of abscess or bad
habit.
Yangingela, rap., to hold hands
loosely on something.
Yangbla, vt., to anneal, harden
(skin), heat, soften (oil), inject
enema, decant, pour into an
other vessel.
Yangbla, vt. , to elope with, fore
stall, overbid, seduce another
man's wife to leave her hus
band.
Yangubana, vs., to lie deceived
with another's false statements,
be meddlesome, speak thought
lessly.
Yangwa, vs., to become fewer.
Yanbla, vt., to agree to pay debt
on demand, reply, respond.
Yanzangana, , ' .. to be dispersed,
spread about.

Yanzbla, vt., to dash spray, throw

water up into the air.
Yasa, vin., to become light.
Yasala, ind., light of weight.
Yasbla, vt., to comb out grass,
push feather or hair on one side
to examine skin.
-yasu, adj. , light of weight.
Yaswa, vs. = paswa.
Yata, vt. = yatbla.
Yatbla, vt. , to crack, cut asunder,
cut off slice longitudinally, cut
lengthwise, burst, part the hair,
rend, rip, saw lengthwise,
scarify, split.
yatbla lokbla, to split in half.
Yatwangana, vs. , to shiver.
Ye, vin., to be complete, be
done, be full come, be fully
cooked.
ye yo b nzbto, to give room to
pass.
yeisa busa, to remain awake all
night.
-ye, dem. adj., this ; for nouns in
class 2 the adj. is -yo ; this adj.
is enclitic, and is added to the
adj. particles, the tones of all
which are then lowered. Sec
Grammar, 39, 93.
Yeba, vt., to apprehend, be aware
of, comprehend, be conscious
of, know, realise, see, suppose,
understand.
yeba bole, to know long ago.
yeba polele, to be confident.
yeba so nyomeni, to be sure.
yeba yambo, to foreknow.
yebisa, vc., to acquaint, bode,
delineate, impart knowledge,
make aware of, remind.
Yebana, vs., to be known, be
manifest.
yebinya, vc., to make to be
known, recommend, spread
news.
Yebbla, vt. , to call after a person
you might have greeted before,
call to a person to let him
know he is being called, call
to a person.

( 243)

Yebola (continued).
yebwa, vs., to remember after at
first forgetting.
yebwisa, - . , to pass on a call,
sound an alarm.
TTe-e, intj., well now !
Yeka, ind. , from yekia, and fre
quently used before the prep. of
direction giving to the preposi
tion the modifications of until,
since, thence to, unto. When
yeka (and also ki) is preceded
by the ind. we, continuous
action from a previous time
right up to the time mentioned
is understood; when yeka
precedes a verb in the purportive mood it may be translated,
and proceeded to, purposing.
yeka sik'awa, hitherto.
Yeka, vt., to disallow, exclude,
forbid, interdict, preclude,
prohibit, reprehend, snub.
yeka bobele-bobele, to finally
prohibit, suppress.
Yeka meya, to shade a light.
Yekasana, vs., to be accustomed,
be experienced, be proficient,
be familiar, get accustomed,
form habit, be habitual, be in
ured, be tame.
yekisinya, vc., to inure, tame.
Yeke, vt., see yekia ntuka; in
this phrase yeke = yekia.
Yekia [yekeme, yeke], to close
but not bar, put diagonally,
lean, put against, put aslant,
slant.
yekia likanz'b miso, to shade
the eyes.
yekia ntuka, to give security,
pawn, put in pledge.
yekia nzbto, to be officious.
yekeme, vs., to loll.
yekemele, vap., to be allied to,
assist, stand by.
[friend.
yekemele na bobbto, to beYe'kia [yekama, yeka], vt., to
put athwart, intercept, inter
rupt, put across from one
thing to another.

YEBO-YEL

Yekia (continued).
yekia mambi, to interpose.
yekia munya, to interfere.
yekia zeke-yeka, to put cross
wise, set across.
yekama, vs., to be gone over
towards, be interposed, span.
yekiasana, vrec., to cross one
another's way.
Yekbla, vt., to learn, = yitolo.
yekwisa, vc. , to discipline, drill,
educate, put up to, teach.
Yekolo, vt., to take or remove
anything from leaning on some
thing else, dislocate, put out
of joint.
yekwa, vs. , to be dislocated,
be sprained.
Yekubana, vs., to admit credu
lously, be credulous, dissent
ignorantly.
Yekuma [yeku-yeku], '/'.,-. , to be
deluded (by words).
yekumisa, vc., to delude by
words.
Yekwana, vs., to waddle about.
Yela, vap. = yenela.
Yelangana, vs., to be astray
among a multitude of things,
be perplexed in choosing from
many things, threaten (of
rain).
Yele, vt., to reject anything on ac
count of its insufficiency or im
propriety ; vin., to be clever,
be cunning, be sagacious, be
shrewd.
yelisa, vc., to make clever or
cunning.
Yele, vt., to give another a chance
to.
yelisa, vc., to pause at beginning
of action and not perform it.
Yelele \vc., yelisa ; ind., yelelu],
vin. = kelele.
Yelengene, vs., to be circular.
Yeleyele, vs., to be uneasy.
Yelima, vs., to cast a shadow in
passing.
Yeilmisa, vt., to flash beams of
light.

YELO-YENVE

( 244)

Yelbla, vt. , to deliver, emancipate,

redeem, rescue, change the
nature of anything by some
process. /
yelwa, vs., to be acclimatized,
be changed to harder nature,
be discoloured, gangrene, be
incorrigible.
yelb-yelb, ind., cloudy.
Yema, vt. yoma.
Ye'mba, vt., to sing.
yembela, vap., to bless, cele
brate, praise.
Yembe, vt. = yblo.
yembe mokbkbto, to eject nasal
mucus.
Yembela, vin., to ache with a
sort of throbbing, be pre
sumptuous.
Yembele, vin., to be hardened, be
incorrigible ; vt. , to take time
' t'o breathe.
yembele mpbma, to get back
one's breath.
Yembembala [yembembe], vs.,
to be stretched out (of arms).
Yembeyembe, vs., to oscillate,
reel, shake, stagger, sway, be
tipsy, totter.
Yembbla, vt., to gibe, blaspheme,
libel, be sarcastic towards,
sneer at.
Yembwasana, vs., to pun.
Yeme, vt., to bear down in expell
ing from abdomen.
Yeme, vin. , to grunt.
yenie nzbto, to grunt and strain.
yemisa likingb, to speak with
strong voice.
Yemela, vin., to breathe.
Yemolo, vt., to burn up rubbish.
yemolo nzela, to move out of
way, uncover road by beating
grass down.
yemolo ncwe, to make parting
in hair.
Yende, vt. senga.
Yendla [yendeme, yendc], vt.=
yekia.
Yene, vt. = bono.
Yenela, vap., from ya.

Yenga, vt. tombo.

Yengasana, vs., to be broad.
Yengayenga, vs., to go from one
task to another, labour alone
at a difficult task.
Yenge, vt. , to pull skin and flesh
off palm nuts ; chew.
Yenge, vt. = yenze.
Yengebene, vs., to be adapted, be
adequate, be correct, be enough,
be equitable, be equivalent, be
fair, be fitting, be just, be
justifiable, be legitimate, be
proper, be right, be righteous.
yengebene be-be, to be exactly
alike, be exactly enough.
yengebene b mutu mo, to be
equivalent to.
yengibinya, vc. , to adapt, ad
just, fit, justify, put right,
rectify, redress.
yengibinya lokbla, to correct,
equalise.
Yengetana, vs., to be bewildered,
be distracted.
Yengia, vt., to apply (words), hint,
intimate, measure, suggest.
yengia bota, to aim a gun.
yengia mambi, to speak parabolically of some one.
yengia mbblongo, to imitate.
yengia na maboko, to make
signs with the arms.
Yenginya, vc., to chew (as a
sheep).
Yengisa, vc. , to distract, bewilder.
Yengo, adv. , which gives to the ver
the idea of should or ought i
the present and future tenses ;
it is necessary.
Yengo, pron. yd sing, of classes 3,
4, 5. 8.
Yengbla, vt., to meet visitors on
the way, said also of butterflies
which fly up-river at time of
mpelamambbmbbli makoyengola mpela,
Yengolo, vt. = pengolo,
Yengbme, pron. rejl. yd person
sing, of classes 3, 4, 5, 8.
Yenyeie, vt., .to prefer, rather.

( 245 )

Yenza, vt., to alter, change, be

mutable.
yenza lolenge, to transfigure,
transform.
yenza molbko, to repent, change
one's mind.
yenza nongo, to displace, move,
shift, transpose.
yenza nzenza, to compensate,
give return present.
yenzasana, vrcc., to interchange.
Yenze, vt., to divide in proportion,
_measure whether alike.
yenzibwa, vp., to be propor
tionate.
senga boyenzi, to be dispropor
tionate.
Yesela, vin., to wheeze.
Yesene, vs., to be abnormal, be
abortive, be in default, be
delinquent, be demoralised,
be depraved, deviate, err, fail,
go wrong, be heretical, be im
moral, be incongruous, be in
consistent, be inconvenient, be
incorrect, miss, not meet, be
unlike, be unprincipled, be un
reliable, be unseemly.
ycscne b bokanisi bo, to mis
conceive.
yesinya, vc. , to impair, injure.
Yeso, adv. , after, in tillfollowing
phrase, yes'b ntongo, after the
morning, on the following day.
Yeso-yeso, ind., walking lifting up
first one hip and then the
other.
Yesu, 3, ., Jesus.
Yetela, vin., to arrive, attain, ex
tend to, fathom, reach, get at.
yetisa, vc., to bring to a place.
Yetete, ind., clear (of water, sky,
vision), distinctly delineated.
Yetolo, vt., to skim, strain some
thing off the surface.
yetolo miso, to keep awake.
yetwa, vs., to be clear (of vision,
water, sky), dawn (of morn
ing)yetw'b mwese, to get out of
light.

YENZA-YIKA

Yetolo, vt., to push on one side so

as to pass.
yetolo mai, to swim with the
breast stroke.
Yeya, vt., to adore, bless, com
mend, compliment, honour,
indulge, respect, wish well.
yeya bolamu, to wish well.
yeya boll ombe Nyambo. to
ask a blessing on food.
Yeye, pron., he, him, she, her.
Yeyele, vin., to be deluded, radi
ate.
yeyelisa, vc., to delude.
Yeyelibana, vs. , to be the means
of deluding, gleam.
[self.
Yeyeme, refl. pron. , himself, herYeyua [yeyo], vs., to be disfigured
by spots, be sombre (of colour),
be ugly, be unsightly.
Yiba, vt., to purloin, rob, steal,
thieve.
yiba nzbto, to escape, get away
from imprisonment.
yiba wali, to filch, pilfer.
Yika, vt., to block, bolt, check,
clamp, cramp, fasten, restrain,
fix, refuse to accept denial or
excuse, stop, restrain forcibly.
yik'ckuki, to bar the door.
yika makolo, to stand firm
or fast.
yika mind, to clench the teeth.
yika molbko, to he undaunted.
yika monkelenge, to strangle
a person with a spline across
his neck.
yika mpiko, to bear pain brave
ly, bear up, be courageous,
dare, endure, hold up, be in
exorable, be patient, take
heart.
yika munya, to eat with closed
lips.
yika nzela, to stand in the way.
yikisa, vc., to nudge.
yiklsa mpiko, to embolden, en
courage.
Ylka,z'/., to clasp tightly, clutch,
grasp tightly, grip, hold fast,
hug, lay firm hold of.

YlKA-YiNDO

Yikakala, vs., to endure, be firm

to purpose, be inert, be temper
ate.
Yikana, vs., to crowd, press to
gether, throng.
yikinya, vc. , to crowd together,
crush, nudge, suffocate, press
together.
Yikayika, vs., to giggle, hold
oneself in check when feeling
much emotion, smother, snig
ger, be stifled.
-yike, adj., abundant, copious,
frequent, manifold, many,
much, numerous, profuse,
several.
yike be, so many, so much.
Yiketela, vt., to bear, control one
self, endure, be temperate.
yiketela mpiko. to be dauntless.
Yikia : yikama, yikal, vt., to put
down heavily.
yikama, vs., to sit (as hen),
yikamela, vap., to hold down,
bestride.
Yikbla, vt., to buy or sell whole
sale.
Vila, vt., to desert, despise, dis
card, discontinue, disdain, dis
own, dispense with services of,
disuse, leave off an accustomed
habit or work, neglect, refuse.
Yilo-yild, ind., cloudy.
Yima, vt., to be greedy of, grudge,
be niggardly, stint, be stingy,
withhold.
yimisa libula, to disinherit.
Ylmana, vs., to be overlooked in
the distribution of shares.
Yimasana, vs., to grunt, dissent,
speak and be heard at a dis
tance, although speaking in an
ordinary voice.
Yimba, vt., to call on (to assist),
entice by a charm, gather
(fruit), influence, pluck (reach
ing or climbing up), take into
alliance, tighten.
yimb'elongi, to scowl.
yimba llso, to shut eye tightly
down.

Yimba (continued).
yimba mbula, to charm away
rain.
yimba . . . mino twi, to hold
in the teeth.
yimba mosei, to call with the
fingers.
yimba mutu, to nod the head.
yimba nkingb, to shrug the
shoulders.
Yimbbla, vt. , to stun.
yimbwa, vs., to be apparently
dead, be insensible, be stunned,
be unconscious.
Yimela, vin., to hum, buzz.
Yimisa, vin., to accede, agree,
agree to pay debt on demand,
comply, concede, concur, con
sent, corroborate, respond.
Yina, vt., to baptize, dip, immerse,
put under water, steep, soak,
submerge.
Yina, vt., to hate.
yina pete-pete or tu. to detest.
Yinanala, vs., to continue stoop
ing, be bowing, cower, be bent
forward.
Yinda, vin. , to darken.
yindisa, vc., to blacken, darken,
dirty, make filthy.
yindela, vin., to become black
or dirty.
yindela busa, to be benighted.
Yinda, vt., to stab ; beat down,
drive (nail), demand, claim,
dun, hammer, put in firmly,
rub and pound in washing.
yind'ekindo, to stamp.
yinda po-po or tb-tb, to dab.
yinda tb-tb, to patter.
-yindo, adj., black, dark, dirty,
murky, sable.
Yindbla, vt. , to commemorate, be
mindful of, note, recall to
mind, recollect, remember, re
view.
yindbla noyeba, to come to
mind.
yindwa, vs. to be unforgotten, be
remembered,
ymdwisa, vc., to notify.

(247)

Yinga, ,'. , to cluster on anything.

Ymgangala, vs., to be passive, \/e
subdued.
yingangala na mawa, to be
penitent.
Yingayinga, vs., to grope.
Yingela, vt., to heap up around,
press round (as a crowd).
Yinia [yinama, yine], / '/., to bend
(as the head in stooping or
bowing).
yinama, vs., to bend the head
forward, bow, cower, stoop.
Yinbla, vt., to take out of the
water.
Yinbla, /'/., to stoop so as to pass
under, pass under, lift oneself
up.
Yinya (for yinyia) [yinyama,
yinya'], vt., to press down
heavily upon, weigh down.
yinyela, vap., to cram in, de
press, impress.
Yinzbla, ; '/. = yindbla.
Yipa, vin. , to congeal.
Yisa mwele, ;'l'h. = le mwele,
Yisa, vt., to be able, can, have a
right to do, be likely, be liable,
bear with, tolerate, also used to
express may emphatically.
yis'eloko yoko, to avail any
thing.
yisisa, iv. to enable.
yisibwa bokakoli, to be divis
ible.
Yisbla, vt., to remove from tem
porary hiding-place.
Yita, vt., to avenge a wrong, re
quite, revenge ; bring more
money to the game of lobesi,
having lost all previously
brought.
yitela, vap., to avenge a person.
Vita, vt., to dry fish, dry clothes.
"Yo, pron., thou, thee.
Yb, vt. , to treat ironically.
-yo, den/. adj. , see -ye.
Ybba. vt. = toba.
Yobbla, vt. = tobbla.
Yobetela ncete, vph., to drive in a
nail.

YiNGA-YOKA

Ybbolo, vt., to acknowledge, con

fess, own, profess, report, tell.
yobolo nzbto, to acknowledge a
fault, admit one's sin.
yobwasana, vrec., to mutually
confess faults.
Yoima [yoi], vs., to doze, be
drowsy, nap, slumber.
Ybka, ut., to apprehend, compre
hend, feel, hear, understand,
realize.
ybka bongo, to fear, be afraid.
ybka bonyili, to have cramp.
ybk'ekani, to be anxiously
apprehensive.
ybka litbi, to have earache.
ybka lobali, to despond, dis
trust, fear.
ybka lobanze, to have a pain in
the side.
ybka lokutu, to be weary.
ybka lombombo, to have pain
in front teeth.
ybka mangei, to be horrified.
ybka maninga, to be sympa
thetic.
ybka mawa, to feel sorry, re
pent.
ybka molika, to have compas
sion.
ybka moloko bwale, to feel a
tightness in chest.
ybka moloko sutu, to feel sure.
ybka mongimisa, to feel vibra
tion caused by some one beat
ing on the same thing on which
person is sitting.
ybka monzenze, to be affrighted.
ybka mutu, to have pain in the
head.
ybka nconi, to feel shame, be
reluctant.
ybka ndbbi, to be surfeited with
very iittle food.
ybka ngblu, to show favour, be
gracious, be kind.
ybka nzoto bilb-bilo, to feel
chill in fever.
ybka nzoto biu-biu, to feel
intensely cold.
ybka ti, to listen intently.

YOKA-YONGO

( 248 )

Ybka (continued).
ybkel'ekuna, to envy, regard
maliciously.
ybkisa bwale, to give pain.
ybkisa nconi, to abash, be in
delicate.
Ybkana, vs., to be felt, heard or
known.
ybkinya, vc., to spread (news).
Ybketela, vt., to attend, listen to
(words).
Ybkia | ybkeme, ybko],z'/.,to make
concave, curve, insert, make
circuitous, put into arms when
held in curved form, set the
bending spring of trap,
ybkeme, vs. , to he indirect.
Ybkbkb, ind. = '- nzbkbkb.
Yokbla, vt., to clamour, make a
noise.
Yokolo, vt. , to cater for, feed,
foster, keep, nourish, provide
for, provide with food.
yokolo bibwa, to keep tame
animals.
Yokbtana, vs., to chatter, talk
loudly.
Yokwana, vs., to become bank
rupt, become poor, decrease
in possessions, become indi
gent.
ybkwisa, to make indigent,
poor, bankrupt.
Ybla, m'n. , to grow.
ybllsa, vc. , to draw out, heighten,
lengthen, elongate.
Yolima [yoli-yoli], vs., to ! gone
and direction not recognised.
Yblo, 7'/., to draw down tree by its
branches, draw nail (with pin
cers), hook, invite, pull down
(said of sleep affecting eye
lids).
Yolbla, vt., to disembowel, draw
away (of patch of new cloth
from old piece), draw out,
fray (cloth), lengthen, pull
thread out of sewing, tease
out (fringe), unskewer.
yolbla mincbbo, to take out
bowels, gut.

Yolbla (continued).
yolwa, vs., to drop out little by
little, fall off (as leaves), wither
up (of tree).
yolwa moncobo, to suffer her
nia ; with pl. noun, to be garYbma, vin., to dry.
[baged.
ybma koso-koso, to parch.
ybma kwali-kwali, to dry up.
ybmisa, vc., to dessicate, dry ;
give rest, lie by, rest, take re
laxation.
Yoma, vt. , to form, give shape to.
Ybmana, vs., to be at variance,
bicker, have words, quarrel,
squabble.
Ybmbbla matoi, vph., to excite.
Yombolo, vt., to brush, sweep.
Yome,/r0. re//., thyself.
Ybnda, vt., to spear fish.
Yondo, vin., to be reduced.
Ybndo, vt., to land a canoe bow
foremost, paddle canoe with
paddle parallel to side of canoe
(instead of at right anglesthereto) to bring it alongside
or to turn it.
Ybndbkb, 3, //., kind of bird.
Yonga, vt., to feed.
Ybngana, vs. , to assemble, be col
lated, come together, congre
gate, be convened, fall in,
flock, gather together, muster.
ybngana linkutu. to camp near
the battle field.
ybnginya, vc., to lay in, call an
assembly, muster.
Ybngia [yonga], vt., to dovetail,
fit shaft into socket, fie tenon
into mortice, splice.
ybngia mobala, to helve.
ybngia nzbto, to sit tailor
fashion.
Yongo, vin., to be fatted, get fat,
be plump, thrive, spring up (of
grass).
Yongbla, vt., to pull out of socket,
take out of socket.
ybngbla moi, to abort.
ybngbla nkangi, to get trading
capital by small trading.

249
Yongbla (continued),
ybngwa, vs., to come out (as
handle from socket. )
yongwa moi, to abort.
Yonyolo munya, vph., to wipe
mouth with leaf or cloth.
yonyolo nkolo bu, to pass head
land at a sharp angle.
Ybnza, vt., to crunch, munch.
Ybnzbla, vt., to hurl (stone, etc.).
Yoso,i'/.,to curl, make (string), roll
up between hands, spin (cord),
twist.
Ybsbla, vt., to extract (nail),
knock out (nail or tooth).
ybsbla mambi pwe-pwe, to
speak distinctly.
ybsbla moi, to abort, cause mis
carriage.
ybsbla munya, to threaten.
ybswa, vs., to fall overboard.
Yosbla, vt. , to clean (a pipe), re
move (charge from gun).
Ybsolo, vt., to confiscate, defraud,
deprive of, embezzle, extort,
grab, purloin, ravish, remove
violently or wrongfully, rob by
force, seize, snatch away, take
away, wrench out or away.
Ybsbmwa, vs., to slip down on
ground out of sight.
Yosbsala [yosbsb], vs., to 1%
empty, hollow.
Yotb meya, vph., to warm oneself.
Ybtbla, v/. -= kina.
[tent.
ybtbla boyenzi, to be impeniybtbla rjwale, to ignore pain.
ybtbla nconi, to be barefaced,
be callous, be immodest, be
without shame.
Yotolo, vt., to bore, screw, turn
(handle, tap, etc.), twist,
wring.
yotolo lolemu, to trill,
yotwa, vs., to be troubled, be
unsettled.
yotwisa, ve., to trouble, unset
tle.
Ybtotolo, vs., to be twisted (of
anything which should be
straight).

YONGO-YULA

Yotwangana, vs., to he contorted,

be convulsed, be distorted, be
in state of unrest, be much
twisted, writhe.
Yuba [yube-yube], vin., to cut
water badly (of canoe), defer,
delay, fail to arrive, be hot but
not cooked, postpone, procras
tinate, put off, smoulder, be
unfinished.
yubisa, vc. , to defer, detain,
discourage, postpone, restrain
(by sowing good plants among
obnoxious weeds, or by fair
words an angry person), undercook.
yubisa likb, to warm plantain
before taking off the skin.
Yubela, vt., to weed.
Yube-yube, ind.,from yuba.
Yuka mobbka, vph. , to construct
a dam.
yukela, vap. , to gather up round
roots of trees.
yukela nyei, to manure or dung
a tree.
Yuka, vin., to abound in weeds,
hair or leaves, be shaggy.
Yukia [yukama, yukaI, vt., to
hold in the cheek, put aside
a lump share for a number of
people, entangle while in
motion.
yukama, vs., to be caught while
floating.
Yukbla, vt., to carry away (of a
torrent), cut away (fronds),
push over, swill, return to get
what has been left behind.
yukbla mobabali, to cleanse
gutter by flooding it.
yukbla mbindo, to flush away
filth with water.
yukwa, vs. , to be broken down
by rush of water, rush, gush.
Yukuma, vs., to be feverish, behot, be inflamed.
Yukutana, vs., to be monotonous,
--' yukuma.
Yula, vt. , to claim, demand, dun ;
be alike, bear likeness to,

VULA-YtJNZA

( 250 )

Yula (continued).
look like, match, resemble ;
blow, inspire, play or sound
a wind instrument.
yula lolenge lb, to assimilate.
yula ngblu, to be merciful as
one's parent or teacher may be.
yula mongunga, to scream.
yula motbtbli, to whistle.
yullsa, -jc. , to make like, repre
sent, reproduce.
yulela, vap. , to blow at, inspire.
yulela swe, to hiss.
Yula, vin. , to be guilty, be over or
more than quantity desired.
yula mpula, to be left over.
yiilisa, vc. , to disuse, leave alone
for a time on account of bad
ways, leave part unbought
through lack of purchase
money, leave part unfinished.
Yulalala, vs., to be full (of
cheeks).
[hen).
Yulama [yule], vs., to brood (as
Yulana, vs., to be alike, corre
spond, resemble.
Yulbln, vt, , to open out grass ?o
as to pass, paw the ground,
swell.
Yuluba. vin. = luluba.
Yuma, -in. -- kuma.
Yumba (/iVyumbia< [yumbama,
yumba, yumbe], vt. , to bend,
curve, double, fold, make cir
cuitous.
yumb'etbtbkb, to make a cup
or funnel of a leaf.
yumba libbtb, to clench fist.
yumba nkobo, to lay a hem.
yumba pio, to double.
yumbama, ,-.(.. to be indirect,
go round about.
yumbama poi, to sag.
Yumbetela, .-'/. = lumbetela,
Yumbbla mwanza or ndako,
vph., to thatch a roof, roof.
Yumbwa, vs., to bounce, jump,
jump (as a frog), leap, fly, rise
(of dust), spring.
yumbwa. kubu, to leap up and
down in the water.

Yumbwa (continued).
yumbw'ezubu, to dive a long
dive.
yumbwa mambiambisa, to
jump or start backwards.
yumbwa mincondi, to bounce.
Yumbwangana, /'.... to flounder
about, frisk about, gambol,
skip.
Yumbla, vt., to arouse, rouse, stir,
waken.
yumwa, vs., to awake, become
conscious.
Yuna, vin. = bula,
Yunda, vt., to dig, eat into (of
sore), push under.
yund'b munya, to put the whole
of a thing into the mouth at
once, gorge.
Yundbla, vt. , to return the tiiing
not yet paid for.
Yiindbla, vt., to make ruts in the
ground (of rain).
Yuncla, ;-/. ~ kunela,
Yunga, vin., to be afraid to do
anything on account of public
opinion.
yungisa, vc., to evade (a ques
tion), hinder by making afraid.
Yungatana, vs., to be sent for one
thing and bring another, =
kakatana.
Yungbla, vt., to use for first time.
yungbla likanga, to rise late
after everyone else has been
about for a very long time.
Yungutana, vs. = yungatana,
sokbtana, = kakatana.
Yungwa, vs., to be apathetic, daw
dle, be dilatory, be forbidding
(in aspect), be indifferent, lag,
be slow, be tardy, be uncon
cerned, be unmoved, walk
slowly.
yungwisa, : , . , to retard.
Yunbla, vt., to turn down, turn
inside out.
Yunya, vt. = nyunya,
Yunza, vt., to beat (in speed of
work), blow down, dash or
throw down.

YUNZE-ZATI

( 251

Vunzcle, ind., flowing (of dress),

wide (of dress).
Yimzbla, vt. , to annul, cancel, dis
mantle, mutiny, overthrow,
pirate, rebel against, rescind,
resent, revoke, revolt against,
stand out against, undo (work
previously accomplished), way
lay.
yunzbla nyile, to disquiet.
yunzbla piu. to abolish.

Yunzwangana, vs., to be dis

banded.
Yupbla, <'/., to knock against, up
set.
Yusa, vt., to cast, dash, fling away,
hurl, pelt, pitch, throw, toss.
Yuta, vt., to braid, plait; vin.,
to be appeased (of hunger), be
satisfied.
yutisa, vc., to satiate.
yuta ngbau or zuta, to eat to
satiety.
Yuta, vt., to atone for guilt, com
pensate, expiate, make amends,
reimburse, remunerate.
yut'etumu, to discharge one's
liability.
yuta mombale, to pay a debt,
render payment, settle.
yutela, vap. , to atone for guilty
person, indemnify, pay a per
son.
Yutangana, vs., to be corrugated,
be creased, be crinkled, be
crumpled, be puckered, be
wrinkled.
Yuyb, ind., darkness of hue, red or
yellow to black.
Yuyua, vs. = yeyua.

Za, int/., see ba.

Za, ind., penetrating (of thrown
spear).
Zakiti (Eng.), 3, ., jacket.
Zala, vin. , to be, abide, dwell,
exist, fare, sit, live, subsist.
zala bra, to be quiet, keep
silence, be still, be silent.

Zala (continued).
zala bwa, to sit down, be alive.
zal'b, to inhabit.
zalaka, the emphatic imperative
is often used in the sense of s\o\/
or be still without the adj.
biu.

zalisa, z. ., to cause to be, create,

originate.
Zalaka, n. , charcoal, charred wood,
coal.
Zalaka, . , rubbish heap.
Zama, //., hemp.
Zamba, :/., forest.
Zambamba, n., kind of tree the
small branches of which are
used to bind bundles of fire
wood.
Zambi, ii., account, action, behalf,
circumstance, concern, deed,
discourse, event, fault, harm,
matter, palaver, reference, re
mark, saying, statement, sub
ject, transaction.
mwa zambi, detail.
zambi ll, about.
zambi ll bobbmbana, confi
dential matter.
zambi li bobbto, benefit, kind
act.
zambi li nyomeni, a truth.
zambi lioko, item.
zambi ll temo, idiom.
zambi lltemu, innovation.
Zambo, ., adultery fee, fine for

adultery,
Zanga, ., frond.
Zanga, ind., armed with spear only.
Zangasu, ., gill of fish.
Zangazanga, vs., to be feeble, go
on the ground (of bird), totter.
Zango, . .= bwango.
Zasa, n. = langu.
Zasa, n., fledgling, immature bird,
pullet, young bird not able to
fly.
Zata, vt., to crush, tread.
zata makolo, to step, tread.
zatela, vap., to crush down,
strangle, throttle, tread upon.
Zatinya, vc., to choke.

ZE-ZONGA

(252 )

Ze, in,l. , from zelengene.

Zebengene, vs., to be orderly in
gait, walk correctly.
Zebola, n., kind of dancing.
Zebu-zebu, ind., long (of clothes).
Zeka, ,7. - zetaka,
Zeke, vt. , to laugh at ; also vin. , to
laugh.
zeke bolo-bblb, to chuckle.
zeke kie-kie, to giggle, titter.
zeke mind, to grin.
zekisa, r . -. , to amuse.
Zeke. ii."./. , awry.
zeke-yeka, crosswise.
Zela, ., used only in negative
clauses, ze'la te, no lack.
Zelekele, //. ~ zalaka.
Zelele, ind. ,froi zelengene.
Zelengene [ze, zelele], vs., to
gyrate. spin, swirl, twirl.
Zelo, i/. , clump of palm trees.
Zelu, ii., gullet, throat ; colq., re
sonance.
Zembembe, ind., protruding (of
mouth).
Zemi, n., conception, gestation,
pregnancy.
ka zemi, to become pregnant,
conceive.
kinza zemi, to impregnate.
Zengazenga, vs. , to stagger.
Zengebana, .--'. - zengetana.
Zengele, ind., from zengengala.
Zengengala [zengele]. vs., to be
balanced, be becalmed, be in
equilibrium, be inactive, be
motionless, be stationary.
zengisa zengele, to balance,
defer, delay, postpone.
Zengenge, ///./. , from zengetana.
Zengetana [zengenge], .-.,:., to be
awkward, fumble, be ungainly,
be untrained.
Ze'ngbla, vt., to convert, interpret,
render, translate, turn round.
turn to, veer.
zengbla mbis'bmbe, or b, to put
back towards.
Zeni, //., beauty, elegance, excel
lence, loveliness, luxuriance,
niceness, prettiness.

Zenze, //., kind of cricket, but

tonhole sewing.
Zeta, ii., crop of bird.
Zetaka, n. , grey clay for moulding
pots.
Zinga, ., blue pigment.
Zinka (Eng. ), ., zinc.
Zb, ind., from zbnga.
Zobo, vin., to be confused, be
entangled in speech.
zobisa, vc., to confuse, muddle,.
speak ungrammatically.
Zobo, ., kind of animal, civet cat.
Zoka., vin, to quarrel, strive (in<
disputes).
Zbke, n. , kind of honey.
Zokb, ii. , haunt, feeding place.
Zbko, mn., to boil up.
zokisa, 7'c., to boil.
Zoko, n., kind of animal, otter,
large incision made by axe.
Zokbla, .-'/. = zoka, = yokbla.
Zblaka, ind., of quick growth.
Zoli, //. = zelu.
Zblo \J,l. miolo I, n. , nose ; colq. ,.
quick to smell.
zblo ll londongo, eye of n
needle.
zblo ll nzondo, beak of an anvil,
zblo na munya, close to, handyZblolo, ind., from zblbngana.
Zblbngana, vs., to go round, re
volve, rotate, spin, whirl,
zblinginya miso, to roll the-'
eyes.
Zolongoi, ii., kind ofleopard.
Zbmano, //., altercation, quarrel.
Zombbmbala, vs., to be gigantic
(of animals).
Zombi, n. , axe.
Zombo, //., lasso, loop, noose.
Zbmu, //., ten.
Zbnga [zb, zbngb, zbnga], vt., tobe around, beset, circumscribe,
compass, be confused (of eyes),
be dizzy (of eyes), inattentive
(of eyes), be round about, sur
round.
Zonga, ., dispensary, hospital,
place where medicine may be
found.

( 253 )
Zbngana, vs., to be giddy (of
eyes).
zbnginya, to put round, turn
round and round.
Zongo, ., dip of deep water in
river.
Zongo, iiid., from zbnga.
Zongu-zongu, ind., long and
slender.
Zu, ind. , taste, see munya.
-Zu, ind., erect., falling perpendicu
larly, gazing, plentiful, stand
ing (of water in vessels).
Zubbla molbko. i '/'h. , to turn away
from a person having at first
liked him.
zubwa, vs., to jump or start
back, recoil, retreat, start and
turn back presently.
Zubbla, vt., to blow off, pluck up
or out.

ZONGA-KOTI

Zubu, ind., diving from high

place.
Zuka, vin., to roar (of wild ani
mals and water).
Zuka, vin., to burn (in fever), be
feverish, be inflamed.
Zukwangana, vs. lukwangana.

Zulele [maulele], ., cotton wool,

shavings.
Zuli, n. = elengwa.
Zululu [pl. maululu], n., lung;
in pl. pluck, lights of animal.
Zumba [pl. mumba], /. . burden,
load ; in pl. cargo, luggage,
freight.
Zumbu, n. , bird's nest.
Zungazunga, vs., to act fanatic
ally, be bigotted.
Zungungala, vs., to be dressed up.
Zuta, n., satiety, satisfaction with
food.

LIST OF WORDS
which were gathered at Bolobo by Mr. Scrivener, but are not yet fully
proven, nor the tones of the vowels ascertained.
Babemba, ., carbuncle.
Boletene, vs., to rub together (of
trees).
Boba, vt., to raise a fallen house.
BobiMli, ., foul breath.
Bokata, n. , poverty.
Bulisa, vc. , to excite.
Bombolo, vt., to take back a gift.
Bomola, vt. , to make uneven.
Bongele, n., dearness in price.
Bonkingia, n., hair on chest.
Bosoko, n. , white of an egg.
Boyolo bo ngai,///., expression in
palavering.
Bukola, i.-t., to curse.
Ebio, n. , puzzle.
JSkeli, ., sieve.
Ekumbu, i/., desolation.
Elale, ., clandestineness.
Elamba-ncengi, ., mantis.

Epanza, ., what makes the dif

ference between full and brim
ful.
Epese, //., gift.
Etiba, ., watertight basket.
Kabwa, vs. , to be about to die.
Kakela, vap., to conciliate.
Katela, vap., to defraud.
Ke lambo, ///., to go secretly.
Kekete, vin., to be wary.
Kelangana, vs. , to be mad.
Kelengene, vs., to be full of
cleverness.
Kengete&u, ind., even (say of
table top).
Ketete, ind., narrow.
Ketola, vt., to dislike.
Komisa, vin., to breathe.
Kongonzongo, n., mantis.
Kotisa, vc., to translate.

LAMBO-NKAMU

( 254 )

Lambola, -'t., to spread out (as a

cloth).
Lelo, vt., to appropriate without
permission.
Lemba, vin., to talk nonsense.
I,Cmelc, vin., to faint.
Lenga, vin., to hang by a strip,
Libaku, n., receptivity.
Libanda, ., dropsy.
Libengela, //. , large brass plate.
Libete, n. , absence of appetite.
Libole, n. , finger ring.
Libomo, ., adaptahility.
Libubu, ., sound of waves,
Likeli, //. , slip knot.
Likesi, n. , kind of shell.
Likulu, n., secretness.
Limbamba, //. , responsibility.
Lingali, ., bird like guinea-fowl.
Lipaku, n. , rough erection of sticks
covered with cloth used for lay
ing out a corpse in state.
Lipeki, n. , loom formerly used by
the Bobangi, but now obso
lete.
Lipepoloke, ., kind of fluffy
moth.
Lisongeleke, n., row of houses
outside town.
Litake, ., adjournment of palaver.
Litake ll zambi, //'., sentence (of
words).
Lituku, n., carbuncle.
Lokati, ., earnest money.
Lolaka, ., imperfect speech (of
infant or learner of language).
Lolem/i, iih/., creased.
Lombengu, // . , cane for string.
Londo, vt., to work.
Lotulu, n. , skin of electric fish.
Lundu, ind., dull.
Mabai, a.. part of cloven foot.
Mabiu, n., waterfall.
Maboko, ., fan palm cabbage.
Makau, n., part of cloven foot.
Malembo, n. , yolk of egg.
Mamita, vt. , to grope.
Mampaka, n., mark of bite.
Mampanza, . , kind of sores.
Mamponda, //., disgrace, sending
to Coventry.

Manke, ., little fellow's cloth.

Masanga ma mbolo, ph., wine
from felled palm tree.
Mau, n., partiality.
Mbala, //., positiveness.
Mbata, n., size.
Mbatu, //., summit.
Mbenda, .. kind of cassava.
Mbeka, i/. , excuse.
Mboku, ., large white bead.
Mbwalanga, ., cassava prepared
after a certain fashion.
Milemo, ndj., by accident.
Minyali, ., mother of family.
Mlsekese, ., sticks pertaining to
bellows.

Misongo, n., labour pains.

Mobeko, ., blind worm.
Mokambu, ., tree bearing fruit
like orange.
Mokle, a., current.
Molaku, //. , kind of fishing-trap.
Molenge, n. , smallness of arms and
legs.
Mompiko, //., token of regard.
Monkala, n. , mania.
Monkanka, i/. , gape, yawn.
Mosasa, //., gunwale.
Mosasala, n. , verandah.
Mosengoli, ii. , fasting for the dead .
Mosomu, //., pleasure party,
Mososongo, ., large grass gener
ally seen between towns as
boundary marks.
Motilili, i/., grain in wood.
Moyikako, ., person who for
bids another to relate certain
matters.
Mpakia e intact, //''., space between fingers.
Mpoma, //., kind of cassava.
Mweteko, ., stirring rod.
Nconi, ., spittle.
Ndelo, ., crossbreed, mulatto.
Ndonya, ., money laid down in
playing lobesi.
Ngangubana, vs., to go up and
down in crossing undulating
ground. '
Nkakangoli, ., calamus palm.
Nkanm, //., procrastination.

( 255)

Nkekeleke, ,/., placenta.

Nkengu, //., woman who deserts
her child to go with men.
Nkokotubi, i/., dung beetle.
Nyenge, . , swamp.
Nyotele, vt., to purse up the mouth.
Petola liwa,///., to transfer death.
Puka, vin. , said of garden stuff at
beginning of rains.
Sekebana, /--.. to be hidden.
Selele, vin., to crawl (of esele).
Selenge, vt., to betray.
Solisa, vt. , to authenticate.
Sombela, vt., to climb a tree.
Tandema, vt., to be face down
when sitting down.
Tela, vt., to dispute.
Telangana, vs., to glaze over (of
eyes in death).

NKKKE-YUMBA.

Tembambala, vs., to be unflinch

ing.
Tende, vt. , to hammer out.
Tetia, ind. , coagulated.
Tinga, vin, , to chirp.
Tltia, vt., to congeal, coagulate,
set.
Tonola, vt., to match a piece of
cloth.
Tumbela, vap., to take back.
Wungatana, vs., to be blown
about to and fro.
Yangalana, vs., to go astray.
Yinga na mosei, ///.. to mnl;e a
sign with the finger.
Yuka, /'!//., to hum.
Yumba ncene, ///. , to double up,
fold double.

ENGLISH-BOBANGI DICTIONARY

ENGLISH-BOBANGI DICTIONARY

ABANDON, vt., kila [kill], sabbla,

tika.
ABANDONED (of town), vs., kumwa.
ABASE, vt. , sokia [sbkeme, sbkc],
putbla., semolo.
ABASH, vph., kutisa or ybkisa
nconi.
ABATE, vt., kokia [kokeme, koke]; viii,, bende [,;-., bendisa].
(of water), vph., benda nzbto
wo.
ABBREVIATE, vt., oabbla, cetolo.
by degrees, vt., tenbla, tena
[vs., tenya].
ABDICATE, vph., bila nzotd o.
ABDOMEN, ., lobbbb ; colq., moi.
(below navel), n., linene.
(lower part), ., ebombo.
(lowest part), . , ntoto.
hairy, ., mokanza.
swollen (of emaciated person),
., ngongo.
ABDUCT, /., buta; ind., kwaki.
ABHOR, vt., banga.
ABIDE, vin., bika fki], zala.
ABILITY, ., bwanya.
professional, mechanical, .,
ntoko.
for gathering knowledge, n.,
bisekia.
muscular, ., lingolo.
ABJECT, vn., bonzo.
person, . , ekbkblo, ebonzoki,
ebbnxetU

ABJURE, vt., bandola ; vph., tona

na ndai.
ABLE, vin., yisa (wisa).
to do, vin., yifta, followed by a
noun with the verb to be under
stood.

ABLUTION, ., bososi.
ABNORMAL, vs., yesene (wesene).
condition, ., liyese.
ABOARD, vin., kondela [vc., kondisa].
in great numbers, vph., kondela twaka-twaka.
ABODE, //., mbbka, ezalela.
ABOLISH, vph., yunzbla piu.
ABOMINABLE, ind., sobi-sobi,
ABOMINATE, vt., kila [lull].
ABOMINATION, ., manyali 8, lbnzo 6.
ABORIGINES, nph., bance bakali.
ABORT, vph., bota mobonda, yongbla moi, yosbla moi, kwakbla moi.
ABORTIVE (of attempts), vs., ye
sene, kutwa.
attempt, n., liyese.
(of growth), vin., senza.
ABOUND, vin., bula, yuna.
(in weeds or hair), vin., yuka.
ABOUT (to do), vs., beleme (beseme) ['bole], lututala [lututu |.
(concerning), A.,zambi \\.\pph.,
na ntina e.
ABOVE, //., likolb; ind., ka, ncbnga ; pph., 6 likolb ll.
ABRADE, vt. , pbsbla [pb], pomolo ;
vc., mulinginya [mulungana, muliingu].

ABREAST-Ace u

( 260 )

ABREAST, ndj., ekakasa, ekalakasa ; ind., kia.

ABROAD, vs., seima [sei], tangwa.

ABROGATE, 7'/. , senzbla, boma.
ABRUPT (of check), /., simbe.
fall of ground under water, .,
mbeka, mobeka, moloi.
ABSCESS, ., mpbta, ngila, litunginya, engende.
large, ., limpaka.
in ear, . , ebwele.
ABSCOND, vs., papwa.
ABSENCE, //., bolongwi, boseimi.
of all incisor teeth, ndj., bobungulimkutu.
of teeth in whole mouth, //ph.,
munya monco bobungulunlcutu.
,
ABSENT, vs., longwa, seima, ta
ngwa ; nf//., weni te.
ABSOLUTE (all), adj., -nco.
(entire), ind., toto.
(complete), vs., kolongono [kolongo].
ABSOLUTION, ., bosabinyi, bosabwisi.
ABSOLVE (people), ve., sabinya.
(sins), vc., sabwisa.
ABSTAIN from, vt. , kila [kill].
proscribed food, vp//., kila ekila.
ABSTINENCE, ., bokili.
ABSTRACT, vt., longbla.
ABSTRUSE, 7--.. kakatana.
ABSURD, vin., pupa.
ABSURDITY, ., epo.
ABUNDANCE, ., boyike, bop/iii,
nzuna.
of dress, ., monye ; vph., le
monye.
ABUNDANT, adj., -yike ; vs., nyengwa ; /-///., bula, yuna ;
//,v/. , be, boka.
ABUSE, /'/.. twa, kamola.
with a click in the throat, vt.,
sokula (eokula).
ABUSIVE word, ., etwi, etaya.
click, ., ncoku.
name, ii., motango.
ABYSS, ///'//., lobbku lb ntbngu.
ACACIA, n., akasia (Fr.) 3.

ACCEDE (to), vin., yimisa(na).

ACCENT (a syllable), vc., bikisa.
ACCELERATE, vc., salinginya [salangana, sali-sali].
ACCEPT, vt., yamba, kwa ; ind.,
sa, sai.
ACCEPTANCE, ., boyambi, bokwi.
ACCESS, n., boweli.
get, i'l'h., kula boweli.
give, vc., welisa.
ACCESSION (to position), ., mokitano.
(addition to company), n., moputani.
ACCESSORY to, vc., kokisa; vt.,
sunga.
ACCIDENT, .,mpwese.
ACCIDENTAL, ind., wasa.
(not planned), ind., pusukii-pu.
going off (of gun), ., ncwele.
ACCLAIM, vin., langa ; vs., langubana [langu-langu] ; ..
elango.
ACCLIMATIZED, vs., yelwa.
ACCOMMODATE, vc., komisa; vin.,
koino ; vph. , kulela epose.
ACCOMPANY, vs., kamba, tomba.
ACCOMPLICE, ., mosiingi.
with, ///., monie likulu lioko

na.
ACCOMPLISH,
sa; ///,/.,
ACCORD, vs.,
mbisa].
ACCORDANCE

vt., baka; vs., sHiwa, nye.

bembana [vc., bewith, according to,

<!l'h.. ete nde.

ACCORDINGLY, aph., se bbngo.

ACCOUCHEMENT, n., bobbti.
ACCOUCHEUSE, ., mobbtisi.
ACCOUNT, ., ziimbi, munya.
of money, /////., lingongo ll mituya.
of evil, keep, vap., kunela.
on no, repeat negative imperative
to give thisforce.
ACCUMULATE, vt., kongolo.
ACCURATE, ind., nasonga, be.
be-be.
ACCURSED, vp., selibwa.
ACCUSATION,., libanza,mbanzd.

( 261 )

ACCUSE, vc., banzisa.

ACCUSER, ., mbanza-minteti 5.
ACCUSTOMED, zw. , yekasana, mesene, kilangana | kili-kili].
ACHE, i'///., kanza; ., lokanza.
-Sw/ a person generally says
that he feels the part which
aches, ,-./;., nakoybka mutu,
I have headache ; nakoybka
moi, I have stomach-ache.
(of teeth), vin., banda.
severely (of stomach), vs., kenzwa.
(with a throb), vin., yembela.
ACHIEVE, -:-., silisa ; in,l, wa,
nye.
ACID, ., nkangi, ngamu.
ACKNOWLEDGE, vt., sakbla, yobolo, bandbla.
receipt, vph., sakbla bokwi.
fault, ,/'-/.. yobolo nzoto.
ACQUAINT, vc., yebisa.
ACQUAINTANCE, ., moninga.
close, n.. mwambbka {,-!. bambbka].
ACQUAINTANCESHIP, ., etbnga,
ebemba, botbnga.
ACQUAINTED with, vt., yeba.
with folk-lore, vt., kbkbla.
ACQUIESCED vph., sundisa molbko sutu.
ACQUIRE, vt., kula.
ACQUIT, vc., lbngisa; [vin., lbnga].
entirely, vph., lbngisa wolblb.
ACQUITTAL, ., elbnga.
chalk body as sign of, vph., singa eyengo.
ACROSS from one thing to another,
put, vt., yekia [yekama,
yeka].
(a bridge), go, vt., nanga.
(a river), go, vs., baswa [vt.,
basbla].
(road), go, vt. , kete.
ACT (do), vt., kela.
covertly, vs., lembalemba,
on partial information, vs. , kulumwa.
(perform), vt., lembbla, sana.
quietly, i-///., lombisa biloba.

ACCUSE-ADJA

ACTING contrary to advice, .,

lolanga.
unwisely, /// /. , kblbngb-kblbngb.
ACTION, ., zambi, lokula, ekelela.
soon performed, n.coh]., nkolenkole, lokolc.
ACTIVE, vs., salangana, salibana [ sali-sali |.
ACTIVELY engaged, vph., salibana na ntonio.
ACTIVITY, ., bosakb, bosali.
ACTUAL, use BO with the pronoun
agreeing with the noun, e.g. I
saw the very actual murderer,
naboni eboma moto enya
se yeye. That is the actual
cause, zambi se lingo linga
ewela.
ACUTE (of pain), ind., cwe-cwe.
hearing or understanding, .,
nzbkatoi.
ADAGE, //., ekblbngb.
ADAPT, vc., komisa [vin., kbmo],
yengibinya [vs. , yengebene].
ADDITION, ., bobungi, boputi.
(that which is added), . , moputam 2 </./ n.
ADDRESS (a person), vap., lobela.
(an envelope), vph., sono ndimbb; //., ndimbb.
ADD together, vt., bunga, puta.
ADDUCE, vt., limbbla; vc., pimisa, pblisa.
ADEQUATE, .-'///., kbmo, kbka;
vs., kokana, yengebene.
ADHERE, vt., banza [bandema,
banda].
to (belief), vt., baka.
ADHERENT, ., mobandem^li;
n.col., bongili.
without a single adherent, ///.,
mpenza kbngolo.
ADHESIVE, /,//., lindambiti, ndambiti.
ADJACENT, vs., beleme [vc., belemisa; ////., bele], bandema
[vt., banza; in.i., banda];
/</., bamu.

ADJUST-AFIRE

( 262 )

ADJUST, vt., yanga, lengele (l5ngele) ; v.-., komisa [vin.,

komol, yengibinya [vs., yengebene].
ADMINISTER (laws), vc., bakisa.
(medicine), vc., nuisa.
ADMIRE, ;-/.. sema, simita ; vap.,
nonclc ; --<'/i., nono na miso.
ADMIT, vc., welisa [vin., wele].
a fault, ,-/"/.. ybbolo nzbto.
ADMIX, vc. , cobinya.
ADMIXTURE, n., ncbbi.
ADMONISH, vt., kilbla; i.-., sikisa.
sternly, vph., sikisa kilo-lcilo.
ADMONITION, ., mosikiso.
ADOLESCENCE, n., bolenge.
ADOPT (child), vc., bembisa.
(custom), vt., yamba.
ADORE, vt., sanzbla, kakisa, yeya (sekinya).
ADORN, vc. , kembisa [v/., kembe] ; vin., sungela; , '.,
lengangala, lengengala [lenge-lenge, lengenge].

ADORNMENT, //.. bonkembi, nkembo.

ADRIFT, vph., oa we.
ADULT, n., motaki.
ADULTERATE (liquids), , '.'. . citbbla.
(solids), vc., cobinya.
ADULTERER, adulteress, nph., mome mobako.
male only, n., bowongo, mowo-

ngo ii.
ADULTEROUS visit, brief, ., ncomo.
ADULTERY, n., mobako, bosekano.
fee, i/., zambo.
compel payment for, vph., le zambo.
ADULTNESS, ., botaki.
ADUMBRANT, vs., limallma [limalima] (lilallma).
ADVANCE (move), vc., susinya;
vs., suswa (susa).
(to position), vt. , labola ; vs. ,
labwa.
(wages), vc., bilisa.
(loan), vc., bekisa.

ADVANTAGE, ., litbmba; nph.,

nongo e ka.
ADVENT, ., mayenela 8.
ADVENTURE, have, vs., nyokwa;
//., monyoko.
ADVENTUROUSNESS, n., likasanga, bikasanga.
ADVERSARY, ., monguna ii.
ADVERSE, vph., teme esbngo.
ADVERTISE, vt., besa; ., mobesa.
ADVICE, ., lilako.
acting contrary to good, n., lolanga.
ADVISE, vc. , lakisa, yangisa.
ADVOCATE, ., ntotele i, mobanzeli.
ADZE, vt., pa, papbla; ., ngwa.
level, vt., palbla.
smooth, vt., tende.
AFFABILITY, n.co!q., libbta.
AFFAIR, ., zambi.
AFFECT, vt., lembbla.
(cause), render verb in causative
form to express this sense.
AFFECTEDLY, walk, vs., kandandala.

AFFECTION, ., bolingo.
AFFIANCE, vt., banda.
AFFILIATE, vph., pblisa sango e.
AFFIRM, vt., sakola.
AFFIRM vehemently, vph., simba
ndai, suba ndai.
AFFIRMATION, strong, //., ndai.
AFFIX, vt., banza [bandema,
banda].
AFFLICTED, vin., kono.
person, n., mokoni, ekata.
with sores, ind., kwa-kwa.
AFFLICTION with numerous sores,'
., bokata.
AFFLUENT (rich), vt., kula.
(of river) n. , likau.
AFFORD, vap., kokela.
AFFRAY, ., ekokele.
AFFRIGHTED, vs., pakima [vc.,
pakisa ; ///-/. , paki-paki] ;
vph., ybka monzenze; ,/..
lipaki, monzenze.
AFFRONT, vt., putbla.
AFIRE, vin., lika.

AFLAME-AKIN
AFLAME, vin., lola; ind., kaiiAGITATED in mind, vs., lebelebe
kau.
[lebelebe].
AFLOAT, vs., tolima [toli-toli].
AGO, i.e. past, render hy perfect
yet, ind., bombololo.
tense of leka.
AFOOT, part., botambbla, tootalong, ///,/., bele, beleka, kalambblaka.
kala, kala.
AFRAID, vph., ybka bongo.
AGONIZE, vs., kasakasa (kakasa)
become, vph., kitela bongo.
[kasakasa] ; vph. , buna na
to run away, vs. , sulwa (sula).
engulumisa.
of public opinion, vin. , yunga.
AGONY, ., engulumisa, moyotwa.ngano.
AFTER, pph., b mbisa 3.
-birth, ii., ekuku.
AGREEABLE, vin., koka ; vs., ld(behind) go, vph., banza b mbi
ngbbana.
sa.
(as speech), vs., temwa.
-growth, n., niipuswangam.
AGREE, vin., yimisa.
-life, nph. , mazalela ma mbisa.
(not quarrel) vph., zala biu,
-noon, nph., busa bbbkengama.
zala nyile, zala cabe.
together, vs., bembana [vc.,
-pain, //., lombelenge.
-part, n.. mbisa.
bembisa].
the morning, i.e., the next day,
to pay debt on demand, vt., yanbla; vin., yimisa.
i! ''h.. yesb b ntongo, b mbi
AGREEMENT, n., mbe'ngu.
sa e ntongo.
make an, vt., bengbla.
-thought, nph., bokanisi bb
AGRICULTURE, nph., bosali nce.
mbisa.
AGROUND, vs., kbnzama ; [vt.,
-wards, aph.,pa. mbisa.
kbnza; ind., konza].
AGAIN, adv., bisa.
AGUE, . , mowewe.
AGAINST, vph., temele esbngb.
AHEAD, ind., yambo, bosb.
AGE, n., elembe (esembe).
of a person, nph., mibu mi bzago, vt., yambbla; vin., banga.
AID, vt. , sunga ; n. , bosungi.
la moto.
(become old), vin., nuna, kbba;
AIM a gun, vph., yengia bota.
take, vt. , sisa.
vs., kotwa.
(for position), vt. , kana.
of full, vin. , kbkbla.
(to get), vt., bila.
old, n., bokbkotb; nph., busa
AIMLESS, use the derivative of in
bbka b mpbkwa.
congruity of the verb which is
long, n., lobiko.
aimlessly performed; e.g. he
AGENT, ., mokeleli.
AGGRAVATE, vt., tumbla ; vc., beaimlessly lived in the home,
azali bmbbka se bizalazala.
lisa [vin. , bele], yakwisa [vs. ,
AIL, vin., ko, kono.
yakwa].
AILMENT, n., bokbu, bokbnb.
AGGRESS, vph., banda bobuni.
AIR, ., mouli (moyuli).
AGGRIEVED, vph., ybka mawa.
(clothes), vt., yita; vc., kaAGILE, vs., yaibana [yai-yai].
ngwisa (kangisa).
AGILITY, ., loyumb^rako.
bladder of fish, ., montbbe,
AGITATE (make a disturbance), vt.,
montbbya, mompopa.
sukbla.
AJAR, vt., bengia [bengeme, be(shake), vc., watisa [vin., wata], cikinya [cikana, cikinge].
AKIMBO, dph., na maboko b bikeoiki].
(frighten), vc., pakisa [pakima,
kene.
AKIN, dph. , na mombbto moko.
paki-paki].

ALAC-ALTER

( 264 )

ALACRITY, ., bosakb, bosali.

ALARM (given), ., molondo, mosakb.
(felt), w.,_pakima [vc., pakisa;
/n,/., paki-paki] ; n., lipaki.
ALARUM, nph., lolonzi lb misakb.
ALAS, intj., ngb!
ALBINO, n., elumbu (eumbu,
ewumbu).
ALBUM (of pictures), nph., monkana mo malilingi.
ALBURNUM, nph., monkundu mo
mwete.
ALERT, vph., bwakinya miso.
ALCOHOL, n., lilangi.
ALIAS, ., nkbmbb 8.
ALIEN, ., mobutu.
ALIENATE, vc., sbminya.sekinya,
senginya.

ALIENSHIP, ., bobutu (lobutu).

ALIGHT (of bird), vin., kima.
ALIKE, 7't., yula; vs., yulana;
///</., Co.

exactly, vs., yengebene ; ind.,

be-be.
ALIVE, dph., na bbmoi ; ind.,
bwa.
ALKALI, ., alakali (Fr.) 3.
ALL, a/ij.,-nco, -ncbki. Thesesyllables are enclitic and they are
added to the adjectival particle,
the tones ofwhich are all raised
as for the dem. -nya. The
accent in the case of the mono
syllabicform of the adjective is
placed on the adj. particle, and
for the dissyllabic form the ac
cent is placed on -no6. With
pronouns and collective nouns
theform oncb isfrequently used
irrespective of the number of
the noun or pronoun.

ALLAY, vc., tilimisa ft) lima, ti],

seimisa [selma, sei], koisa
[vin., kb], sundisa [vin., sunda]; ind., wa.
ALLEGE, vc., pimisa, pblisa.
ALLEGIANCE, ., bobandemeli.
ALLEGORY, n., losinginya.
ALLEVIATE, v/'//., sundisa mwa
eloko.

ALL-FOURS, go, vs., pbtama

[pota].
ALLIANCE, take into, vt., yimba,
ALLIED to, vap., yekemele.
ALLOT, vt., kaba.
unequally through oversight, vph.,

kaba ncomb.
ALLOW, vt. ,tika ; vc. , lingisa ; vph. ,
pe epose. The idea ofthis verb
is more often expressed by using
the causative form of the verb
which denotes the action it is
desired shall be performed.
to pass, vph., pe nzela.
to see, vt., kesa, used only in the
imperative.

ALLOWANCE (money), ., nkbta.

ALLOY, vc., cbbinya; ., ncbbi.
ALLUDE to, vph., loba zambi ll,
loba na ntina e.
ALLURE, vt., lombo (kombo).
ALLUSION (to), nph., zambi na
ntina (e).
ALMANAC, ., lolomanaka (Eng.).
ALMIGHTY, dph., na nguya tbtb.
ALMOST, vs., beleme [bele].
ALMS, /////., likabo ll molika.
ALONE, put, vt., kalia [kalema
kale]; vph., tika sika; vs.'
lengengala [lengele].
let, vt., tika.
(one thing by itself), ind., kbngolo, kwi ; n,//'., mpenza.
ALONG, prep., b; ndj. , nce-nce.
ALONGSIDE, bring (canoe), vt.,
bulia [bulama, biile].
ALOOF, vt. , tangbla [tangwa, ta
ngo], seimisa [seima, sei].
ALPHABET, ph., a-be-ce (ce = tse).
ALREADY, aph., in the present, sika-sik'awa ; in the past, sika-sik'angani.
ALSO, adv. and conj. , mpe.
ALTAR (erection of stones), n.,

liboko.
(fire hearth), ., libbko.
ALTER, -.'t., yenza (sobinya).
from a good condition to a worse
one, vs. , sulwa \vc. , sulwisa]
(vin., sula/; vs., sululala
[sululu].

ALTER-ANI
ALTERCATION, ., zbmano.
ALTERNATELY, arrange, vc., betinya.
ALTHOUGH, conj., ncoki.
ALTITUDE, ., moteli,
ALTOGETHER, ndj., liboko; aph.,
6 nongo yoko.
falling, ind., mabwa.
ALWAYS, nph. , misa manco ; /W.,
kia-kia.
AMALGAMATE, vs. , putana.
AMASS, vc., bunginya [vs., bungana].
(money), vt., konza,
AMAZE, vs., semwa [vc., semwisa].
AMBASSADOR, ., mongwende.
AMBIDEXTROUS, <#., nkemankema.
AMBIGUOUS, vs., kakatana, yungatana, yungutana; /-///.,
senga bosembwi.
AMBITIOUS, vph., lenga na mpbsa.
AMBUSH, ., ekwakbba, ndambo.
lie in, vt., lamba.
AMEN, aph., se bbngo.
AMEND, vs., kbswa; i///., banda
nkinki.
(make good), vc., komisa [vin.,
komo].
AMIABILITY, ., eyango, ekonde.
AMICABILITY, ., bobbto.
AMISS, dpl/.. na bosuku te.
AMMONIA, ., amonia (Eng.) 3.
AMOMUM, ., montbndblb, ntbndblb, mbole.
AMONG, prep., b, bmbe;////., b
ntei 6, b ntantei &
AMOUNT, i/., motuya.
reach right, vin., kiba [kibe];
ind., be-be.
AMPLE, vin., koka.
AMPUTATE, vc., lemisa [vin., lemele].
AMULET, ., bonganga, see also
FETISH.
AMUSE, w., zekisa [mn., zeke],
biokisa [vin., bibko].
AMUSEMENT, ., bobiokisi.
ANALOGY, ., losinginya.

ANALYZE, vt., kakbla.

ANARCHY, ., mobulimgano.
ANATHEMA, ., lokwako.
ANATHEMATIZE, vph., katela lo
kwako.
ANATOMY, ., anatbmi (Eng.) 3 ;
nph., manibi ma bokakoli
nzbto.
ANCESTOR, nph., nkokoekali;//.,
nzala-makusa i.
ANCHOR, n., mbbko.
ANCIENT, adj., -kala, -kali; ind.;
kala, kala-kala, peke-peke.
AND, conj. , mpe ; when and means
with as it often does in con
joining nouns the preposition
na is used.
ANECDOTE, nph., mwa ebb.
ANEW, adv., bisa.
ANGEL, nph., ntbma embe Nyambe, ntbma e likolb.
ANGER, ., nkanda, nkelele,
(Mali) ; ind. , nga, swe.
(internal), ngonzo.
excite, vc., ngalisa.
ANGLE, vt., basa, lobo; ., likbno.
acute, /////., lllcimo ll mpia.
obtuse, ///'//., likbno ll botunu.
right, ., esbngb.
ANGLER, ., mobasi.
ANGRY, vs., yakwa; vph,, zala
na nkanda.
become, vph., kula nkanda.
begin to be, vph. , lobolo miso.
bragging, ., ekaka.
looking always, vs., sbnbnala
[sbnbnb].
towards, look, vt., lukbla.
make, vc., yakwisa ; vph., pe
nkanda.
word, n. , etaya, etwi.
ANGUISH, ., lokeketi.
ANIMAL, ., ebwele.
various kinds of, ebimwa, ebobolo (ebbbb), esbmba, eyoka (bombolo), lobwa, ncibili, nganda, zobo, zoko. The
equivalents for these have not
been obtained, but those for
which the English equivalents

ANI-ANY

( 266 )

ANIMAL (continued).

ANSWER (continued).

have been obtained will be

found noted under such equiva
lents.
nature, ., bobwele.
female, not yet a mother, .,
montbngele.
fruitful, //., mobbti, ebbtaki.
ANIMATE, vph., betola bomoi,
sekola bomoi.
strength, vph., betola nguya,
sekola nguya.
ANIMOSITY, ., loyino.
ANKLE, ., likesi; nph., lileke
ll mompende.
bone, ///'//. , lokwa lb likesi,
bone, large, ., liswende.
ANKLET, n., ewbku, limbwanga,
moniinga, ebanga, ebanga 6
nkoli, lltela, liwata.
ANNEAL, vt., yangbla.
ANNEX, >,'., katbla, punza.
ANNIHILATE, vc., sinlsa [vs., sinana], sillsa ; ind. , wa, nye.
ANNIVERSARY, nph., maymdwela ma busa mobu-mobu.
ANNOUNCE, vt., sakbla, ybbolo.
(goods, loss, law), vt., bosa.
ANNOUNCEMENT, n., molonclo,
mosakb, munya.
(of loss, etc.), ., mobe'sa.
ANNOY, vc., bellsa [OT'., bele].
(by interruption), vc. , pepisa.
ANNUAL, ph., mobu-mobu. An
nual occurrence, zambi ll mo
bu-mobu. In phrases lihe the
following make one annual
visit, make three annual visits,
use the foliowing models / ke
mobu moko loke loko tb,
ke mobu moko nke ncato
to.
ANNUL, i'/. , senzbla, yunzbla.
ANOINT (by smearing), vt., singa.
(by pouring), vap., sobelela,
swelela.
with oil excessively, vt., popo.
ANOMALY, ., liyese.
ANOTHER, adj., -siso.
ANSWER, vt., bekbla; ., mobeko, mbekb.

contrary, /-/. , bekolo; n. , mbeko.

affirmatively with surliness, vt.,
lbkbla.
anyhow, vs., songibana.
ANT, //., enangananga.
various kinds of, libongolonkbto, lokambakala, lokbndokolb, lokbngbtb, londulenge,
lontbti, lonybnyoko, loselele, losilangb, monkwankombi, mosokokoli, nkbndbndb.
nest of, on tree, ., etuka.
ANTAGONIST, nph., moto d esbngb.
ANT-EATER, nkambnyo.
ANTECEDENT, ., eyamboli.
ANTELOPE, various kinds of, ebi^
mwa, mbangani, mbblbkb,
mbuli, mondonga, mosomc,
nkai, nkani.
ANTENNA, ., lonzembe.
ANTHILL, ., mosemba, etukalaka, esetuka.
ANTICIPATE, i't., likia, lamba.
ANTIDOTE, ., etillmisa, nclirni-

sa.
ANTIMACASSAR, //., antimakaaa
(Eng.) 3.
ANTIPATHY, ., loyino.
ANTIPHONE, ., boketbli.
sing in, /"/. , ketbla.
ANTIQUE, adj., -kali, -kala; ind.,
kala, kala-kala, peke-peke.
ANTIQUITY, nph., elembe e kalakala or peke-peke.
ANTISEPTIC, vph., simbisa boboll.
ANUS, ., molindi.
ANVIL, //., nzondo.
end of, fitted into wooden stand,
///., ntina e nzondo.
stand, ., elondb.
beak of, nph. , zblo li nzondo.
core of, nph., nzbto li nzondo.
ANXIETY, ., nkasa.
ANXIOUS about, vt., paka.
apprehension, ., ekani.
ANY = some, adj., -oko.
= whatsoever, ph., (e) wani.

(267 )
ANYHOW, render this by the use
of the derivative of incongruity
of; appropriate verb, e.g., he
sewed the cloth anyhow, atongi elamba etonga-tonga.
answer, vs., biangubana, songibana, songima; //., masongi.
APART, vt., tangbla [tangwa,
tango], selmisa [seima, aii],
kalia [kale'ma, kale] ; vs. ,
tangangala [tangala-tangala].

far, -/'/., selmlsa mosika.

APARTMENT, ., lisbko.
APATHETIC, vs., yungwa.
APATHY, ., boyungwi.
APERIENT, ///'//., mono mblekisa
moi.
Epsom salts, n., bulukani 3.
native, made from monzembe,
bopili, lowundola, monconcongo, litoke.
enemata, made from eyunga,
lipondo, mbonzo, mbbnzo,
mondengu, nkanga-minkole.
APERTURE, ., mponya, liusu,
lilusu (litusu, etusu),epongo,
mpbsoso.
APEX, 11. , mpasa.
APOLOGISE, vph., bola nzoto.
APOSTATIZE, vt., kambla.
APOSTLE, ///., ntoma embe Yesu Masiya.

APOSTROPHE ('), n., elimbwisela.

APPAL, vph., ybkisa mangei.
APPARATUS, .//., biloko.
APPAREL, n.pl., bilamba.
APPARENT (surface only), ind.,
longu-longu.
(clear), ind., pole, p_olele.
death, ., biukulu; vs., yimbwa.
APPARITION, ., liyeyeli, elimo.
behold, vph., bono eloko yeliyeli.
APPEAL (to another authority), vt.,
bila.
(beseech), vap., pekele, bondele.

ANY-APPRE

APPEAL (continued).
piteously, vph., mongono nopekole.
APPEAR, 'v///., pima (bima), pbla.
(of moon), vin. , ta.
(of teeth), vin., to.
in midst, ,'///., subama b ntei.
APPEARANCE, //., elongi (elenge),
bobononi, etemele.
after being given up as lost, ind. ,
lule.
thing large in, ., engambambali.
APPEARING very suddenly, ind.,
pambasaka.
in water, vph., pima pu.
APPEASE, vt., yaba, seka, bondo.
APPEASED (of hungry person), vin. ,
yut.i.
APPEND, i,. .palciu [pakema,paka].
APPENDAGE, ., mompakia, otenge.
APPETITE, ., mpbngele; this
serves also to denote what gives
a person appetite.
APPLAUD, vt., sombla.
APPLAUSE, n. , mosomb.
APPLE, ., pome (Fr.) 3.
APPLICABLE, vin., koka, komo ;
vs., longbbana.
APPLICANT, ., mobbndeli.
APPLY (medicine), vt., banza, bwa.
for, / '/. , bbndela.
(words), vt. , yengia.
APPOINT (to office), vc., tukisa [vt.,
tuka)/ vt., labbla [labwa],
bila [bilwa].
(work), vt., laka; vph., pe lotbmo.
a day, vph., sekisa busa.
(a turn), vc., kitinya.
APPORTION, vt., kaba.
APPRECIATE, vt., sima.
APPREHEND, vt., kata, kanga.
mentally, vt. , sbsolo (cocolo),
ybka, yeba ; v/'//. , kula ntina.
APPREHENSIVE anxiety, n., ekani; .-///., wele eknni, ybka
ekdni.
cast away, vph., bwaka ekani.

APPREN-ARTFUL

( 268 )

APPRENTICE, nph., moyekoli o

ntoko.
APPROACH, vs., suswa (susa);
oc., susinya.
gradually, vs., sesene.
APPROBATION, ., bosanzbli.
APPROPRIATE, vin., lbnga; vs.,
longbbana.
(take for oneself), vt., mina.
APPROPRIATELY clothed, vin. , lo
nga.
APPROPRIATENESS, n., eyango,
ekonde.
APPROVE, vc., kakisa.
APPROXIMATE, vs., beleme [bele].
There were approximately 30
persons, eliki bele-bele bato
bweli.
APRON, nph., elamba e kotola
mbindo.
APTITUDE, ., bwanya.
ARACHIS, n., lonzokb.
ARBITRATION, n., bolombe.
ARBITRATOR, n., elombe.
fee of, n. , bolombe.
ARBOUR, nph., ndili e miete.
ARCH (back), vt., kbngia [kbngama, konga], sotia [sotama,
sota].
ARCHED stick of trap, n., epoke.
ARCHER, ///'//., moti 6 makula.
ARCHITECT, nph., moyangi d botbngi.
ARCHITECTURE, nph., miango mi
botbngi.
ARDENT, dph., na nguya.
ARDOUR, n., bolengi, eyoya.
ARDUOUS, vin., kota.
ARGUE, vph., le or yisa mwele.
(negatively), vs., yangana.
ARISE, vin., teme ; vs., sekwa.
ARITHMETIC, nph., bosekisi
mituya.
ARM, ., loboko 10.
cut off, ///'//, loboko engulu.
left, nph., loboko lb nkoso.
right, //////., loboko lb mobali.
ARMED fully, vph., kolongono or
molongono or kangatana
nomana or na bieli.
with spear only, ind. , zanga.

ARMLET, ., ebanga, see also

ANKLET.
ARMOUR, nph., blswela bi momani.
bearer, ., bonclumbu.
ARMPIT, ., llsasamba, lisasaku.
ARMS (weapons), n.pl, Well
(biyeli).
call to, intj., bid ! bio !
away from sides, hold the, vs. ,
yangangala.
ARMY, nph., bongili bb bamani.
AROMA, n., boylmbb.
of food, ii., likindi.
AROUND, vt., zbnga ; ind., zbngo,
zb.
AROUSE, vt., yumbla, sekbla.
ARRANGE, vt., lengele (lbngele),
yanga.
alternately, vc. , betinya.
(firewood), vc., takinya; vt.,
bonga.
in lots on a tray, vt. , yalela.
in order, vt., tandbla, sekele
(cekele).
ARRANGED (of bundle), ind., ngotblo.
ARRANGEMENT in fish trap to pre
vent egress of fish, ., lokito.
ARRAY, battle, nph., botandbli
bikala.
(finery), n., mankembb 8.
ARREST, vt. , kata, kanga, buta.
ARRIVE, vin., yetela; irregular
present only, ka (aka).
ARROGANCE, ., losai, eyengi,
nganya, loma [//. , nzbma],
montaka (bondunu).
ARROGANT, vph., kakisa nzbto.
ARROW, ., likula.
reed, ., lobasi, lopbnza.
ARROWROOT, . , etbndbngoma
(K.).
wild, ///., likb-li-ebale.
ART, ., bwanya.
ARTERY, //., moncisa.
ARTFUL (cunning), dph., na mayele.
(deceptive), dph., na londelengi.

(269
ARTICLE, ., eloko.
abstained from or interdicted, n. ,
ekila, mokilo.
artificial, n., mbala.
of merchandise, n. , mboko.
ARTIFICE, nph., zambi ll mayele.
ARTIFICIALNESS, n., bombala.
ARTISAN, nph., moxne bwanya.
ARTLESS, ind., polele, semba.
As, adv., ete.
ASCEND, vt., bata.
(palm trees or rapids), vt., seba.
(river or stream), vin., nana.
ASCENT, nph., nongo e bata.
ASCERTAIN, vt., loboto; ind.,
lobotu.
ASCITES, n., ntumbe.
ASCRIBE, vt., sekisa (sekia).
ASHAMED, vph., sulwa na nconi ;
vs., sululala [sululu].
greatly, vph., kutela nconi.
ASHES, n./>l., mpukutu 6, ncweleke 5.
heap, n., mobokaki.
ASIDE, put, vt., bulia [bulama,
bule].
while speaking, looking, ind.,
makebikebi.
ASK for, vt., bbndela.
a question, vt., luka.
about a matter or person, vph.,
luka zambi linya, luka
moto onya.
(a person to do something), vt.,
bondo.
ASKANCE, look, vph., kcka miso
kenga ; nyalbla, nanola or
laiigbla nkiki,
ASLANT, put, vt., yekia [yekeme,
yeki].
(from being perpendicular), vt.,
yendla [yendeme, yende],
kengia [kengama, kenga].
ASLEEP, vph. , nga ngbli, tutuma
ngbli.
fast, vph., kita ngbli bu or bo.
put, vph., tutumisa ngbli.
ASPECT, n., bobononi.
ASPERITY, ., mbeko; vt., bekolo.
ASPIRE, vin., lenga.

ARTI-ASTON

Ass, ., mpunda (punda).

ASSASSINATION, .//., bimai.
ASSEGAI, ., lisblongo.
ASSEMBLE, vc., yonginya ; vs.,
yongana.
ASSEMBLY, n., lingomba.
hall, nph., ndako e lingomba.
of head men, . , libuli.
ASSENT, vin. , yimisa ; vt. , yamba.
anyhow, vs., biangubana [biangu-biangu],
songibana,
songima [songi-songi].
to person's wish, vc. , lingisa.
ignorantly or credulously, vs.,
yekubana [yeku-yeku] ; .,
liyeku.
ASSERT, -'t., loba; vph., kendisa
bolobi.
ASSIDUITY, n., ntungu, mpimba,
mpweme.
ASSIDUOUS, vs., sokbtana; ind.,
sokoto-sokoto.
ASSIGN, -,-/., kaba; vap., kabe'la.
ASSIMILATE, vph., yula lolenge
lb, benda nguya e.
ASSIST, vt., sunga; vap., yekemele. The idea of this is
more frequently expressed by
using the causativeform of the
verb denoting the action in the
performance of which assistance
is given.

ASSISTANT, ., mosungi.
in a marriage, n. , mobaleli.
fisherman, mpendi i.
ASSOCIATE, ., moputani; vs.,
putana.
disinclination to, ., bongota.
ASSORT, vph., kakola ndenge.
ASSUAGE, see ABATE and ALLAY.
ASSUME, vph., kanisa bokanisa.
a name, vph., kula llna.
ASSURANCE, ., ndimbb, bokendlsi.
ASSURE, vt., limbola ; vc., kendisa.
ASTHMA, n., likombo.
ASTONISH, vc., semwisa, vs.,
semwa.
ASTONISHMENT, shout of, n.,
nkamo ; vt., kamola.

ASTRAY-AVER

(370)

ASTRAY, vs. , papwa ; vc. , papwisa.

(in a multitude of things), vs.,
yelangana.
(gone aside), vt., pengolo [vs. ,
pengwa; vc., pengwisa], yengolo [vs. , yengwa ; vc. , yengwisa | ; vin. , penge ; vt. ,
pengia [pengeme, penge].
attracted by what is seen, vph.,
lengwa na iniso.
ASTRIDE, vt., pangia (with makolo) [pangema, panga].
(of legs), vs., tangangala.
(as on a horse), vph., yakema
panga or makolo tangangalu.
ASUNDER, vt., kala [kalwa], yatola' [yatwa] ; ind., kwa, bi.
in two, rt.. bitbla; vs., bitw.i.
AT, prep. , ombe, b.
get, vph., yetela b.
ATHEIST, nph. , motbni d Nyambe.
ATHIRST, dph., na mposac mai,
na mposa e nua.
ATHWART, vt., yekia [yekama,
yeka].
ATLAS, nph., monkana mb miango mi bise.
ATMOSPHERE, n., mouli (nioyuli),
mouli mo likolo.
ATONE for guilt, vt., kala [vap.,
kalela], yuta [vap. , ydtela].
ATONEMENT, ., bokali, boyuti,
bokaleli, boyuteli.
ATROCITY, n. , ekuna ; nph. , zambi ll ekuna.
ATTACH, vt., banza [bandema,
banda].
ATTACK, vt., kubbla; ., nkubb.
ATTAIN, vin., yetela; irregular
present only, ka (aka).
ATTEMPT, vt., meka.
vigorously, vs., kasnkasa (kakasa) ; ind. , kasakasa.
to put to shame, v/., semolo;
n.. ncomo.
ATTEND (go with), vt., kamba,
tomba.
(listen), vap., ybketela.
to, vap., kakela; /-/., baka.

ATTENTION, . , litimi, bobaki.

ATTENTIVE, vs., timimala [ti],
i'/., paka.
to wishes of, vt., tosa; vap.,
kakela.
ATTIRE, vc. , swisa.
ATTITUDE, ., etemele.
ATTRACT, vt., benda, lombo (kombo).
with hand, vt., pesolo.
ATTRACTION, capillary, ., bobendi.
ATTRIBUTE, vc., sekisa (sekia) ;
. , lolenge, lokbla, lolimo.
ATTUNE, vt., yanga.
AUCTION, n., mondoko.
sell by, vph., teke mondoko.
AUDACIOUS towards, vt., nangbla.
AUDACITY, //., nganya, likasanga, bikasanga.
AUDIBLE, ind., pole, polele.
AUDIENCE, n.pl., baybketeli.
AUGER, ., tallele (Fr.) 3.
AUNT maternal, nph., nyangb e
ekomba.
paternal, nph., sangb e mwene.
AUSTERE, vin., kbta.
AUTHOR, ., etuba.
AUTHORITY, ., monkandi, liese.
AUTHORIZE, vph., pe . . . mo
nkandi, pe monkandi bmbe.
AUTUMN, nph., mcoa mb manyitela.
AUXILIARY, vt., sunga; ., mosungi.
AVAIL, vin., koka, kbmo.
anything, vph., yisa eloko yoko.
AVAILABLE, vph., yisa nokulibwa.
AVARICE, ., loyima.
AVENGE (a wrong), vt. , yita.
(a person), vap., yite'la.
AVENUE, nph., mobuku mb
miete.
AVERAGE, this idea is expressed
with the help of the phrase
sbke na ka, e.g., the people
are on the average tall, bato
banga bosanda soke na ka;
the average length of the

(271 )

AVER-BAG

AVERAGE (continued).
BACK (behind), ., mbisa.
sticks is 1 8 feet, bosanda bo
(of person or creature), . , momiete soke na lea bbiiga
kundii, monkundu.
get,
vs., butwa; . . ., butwisa,
maboko masato.
AVERSE, vt., bbya; dph., na
bembisa.
mpbsa te.
jump or start, vph., butwa siAVERT, vt., boka.
mbe or beku, yumbwa maAVIDITY, ., bolengi.
mbiambisa ; vs., bekuma
AVOID, vt., boka; vph., kete bi.
| beku-beku |, kubwa, zubwa.
probable trouble, vt., lbpa; vs.,
lying down on, ndj., mancalombombala [lombbmbb].
nkale.
AVOIDANCE (of blow), ., mboki.
of head, . , mbisa-nkbti, nkoti.
(of trouble), ., bolbpa, bolo- i
to back, vph., pene mbisa,
mba.
bwakana mbisa ; bwakisa
AWAIT, vt., lila, lembisa, lembisa.
ndela.
BACKBITE, i'/., sble, lengele, so ;
AWAKE, vs., yumwa [vt., yuii., lisele, lisoi.
mbla] ; vph. , nga miso te.
BACKBONE, //., mongele.
keep, vph., yetolo miso.
BACKDOOR, nph., munya mb
all night, keep, vph., sbnga
likusa.
nteke.
BACKSIDE, nph., lokenge lb
AWARD, vt., tende.
mbisa.
AWARE, vt., yeba; vc., yebisa.
BACKSLIDE, -l''/. , butwa mambiaAWAY, vt., longbla [longwa], tambisa.
ngbla [tangwa], selmisa BACKWARDS,
ndj., mambia[seima, sei] ; pph., b nongo
mbisa.
esiso.
and forwards, sway, vs., slAWE, //. , mangei 8.
mbasimba ; ind. , simbasiAWESTRIKING, vin., niwanga ;
mba.
v///., ybka mangei.
and forwards, throw, vrec.,
AWFUL thing, ., elima (bweta).
bwakasana.
AWKWARD, vs., zengetana, ze- BACON, ///'//., mosuni mb ngongebana, zengazenga ; ///./. ,
mbele, ebwele e ngombele.
zengenge.
BAD, adj., -be.
AWN of corn, ., lole.
go (with moisture), vin. , bblo ;
of grass, n. , epunza, eyanza.
ind., bo-bo.
AWRY, ind., zeke.
go (of anything cooked), vin.,
AXE, i/., zombi (likbba).
Axis, ii., nte'i, ntantei.
thing or person, n. , ebebe.
AXLE, nph., lokili lb eika.
BADGE, ., elembo.
BADLY, ind., yube-yube, pusuku.
BADNESS, ., bobe.
BAFT, blue, mpili.
blue corded, nph., mpili e
BABBLE, vs., bbbbngana, bbbangbmb.
ngana.
thin blue, ///'h., mpili ek'eke.
BABY, //., lotei.
red, ., like.
BABYISHNESS, n., bompbu.
striped, . , likbka.
BACHELOR, nph., ndenga e
white, n., mbenza.
bwele.
BAG, ., bokumbe.
BACHELORSHIP, ., bondenga.
large sling, ., mpenge.

BAG-BARREN

( 272 )

BAG (continued).
of salt, iiph., mbenza c mokwa.
of skin, small, ., nkobo.
BAGGAGE, .//., bilokb.
BAIL, i/./>l, mleneke.
BAILIFF, nph., ntoma e mombale.
BAIT, n., elombele.
BAKE, ;-/., kanga.
BALANCE, vs., zengengala; ind.,
zengele ; vcph., zengisa zengele.
left, //., montika.
lose one's, vs., mungatana,
bungatana.
(scales), 11/'//., emeko e bolito.
BALD, ind., kule, kulembe, ule.
head, . , libata.
spot, n., llesu.
BALDNESS, //., libata.
BALE (of cloth), ., mobombo,
ekomba.
out (water from canoe), vt.,
tbka ; 7-/v/., wa (bwengo)
mai.
BALL (for play), n. , botbpe.
(round _thirig), nph., cbuki e
mokoto.
like, ind., mokoto.
of joint, n., litongo, liouca.
BALLAST, vc., lemisa; vin., leme ;
n., mboko.
BALM, //,'//., mankiki ma boyimbo.
BAMBOO, //. , moseseke.
thick, //., mobungu.
BANANA, ., lokomo.
BAND (company), . , etuluku.
(for tying or ornament), n., mokango, moncenge.
BANDAGE, //. , molingako, mokango ; ,- '/. , kanga, linga.
BANDYLEGGEDNESS, ., lonzekc,
nzeke.
BANE, ., moselako.
BANG, intj., kao!
down, vt., somba.
BANGLE, see ANKLET.
BANISH, vt., benga.
BANISTER, //., csukcla.
BANJO, ., longombi.

BANK (dyke or dam), ., mobbka,

ebbka.
(earth thrown up), n., lobbko.
of river, n., libongo, nkako
(lokako).
opposite, nph., nc'ena.
for taking charge of money,
///'//., libbmba ll mosolo.
for trading purposes, ., elukisela; vph., lukisa mosolo.
BANKRUPT, vs., yokwana; vc.,
yokwisa.
BANNER, //., ebbla, mbola.
BANQUET, nph., elambo eopalalala.

BANTAM, nph., ekwende encoso.

BANTER, vt., kengolo; n., likcngwa.
BAPTISM, //., boyini, boyinibwi.
BAPTIZE, vt., yina.
BAR, ii., lltengu.
door, vph., yika ekuki.
fastening door, ., moikako
(moyikako).
BARB, n., losanga.
BARBARIAN, ., ebosi.
BARBER, nph., ekete ncwe.
BARE, ind., ule, kule, kulembe.
-boned, iidj., bikwokoso, bikobongo.
-faced, iyv'/., ybtbla neoni.
BARGAIN, vt., tuya; vph., wela
motuya.
good, . , libebolo.
make good, vt. , bebolo.
BARK (of tree), ., eteke.
(a tree), vt., tembolo.
at, vt., beka.
BARM, n., elulubisa.
BARN, ., ebbmbela.
BAROMETER, n., balbmeta (Eng.)
3BARREL, ., enzenze, ezenze.
large, ///., enzenze e ngbmo.
BARREN (of land), ind., ule, kule
kulembe.
person or animal, ., ekomba,
ebblb.
BARRENNESS, ., bokomba.
(of birds), n., ebbli, ebblb.
endeavour to correct, vin., puka.

273
BARRICADE, ., engumba (ngb1b).
BARRIER, ., esimbisela, moikalii> (moyikako).
BARROW, ., mobbngoloko.
with a. wheel, nph., mobbngololcb mo eika.
BARTER, vc., bukinya, [vs., bukana].
BASE (bad), adj., -be.
(bottom), i/., bokbtb, ntina.
(low), ;;'/., sbkia [sbkeme, soke].
(of palm nuts), . , esinga.
BASHFULNESS, ., nconi.
BASIN, ., mosingwa.
brass, ., likasu.
small, ii., lokasa.
toilet, ., kubete (Fr.) 3.
BASIS (bottom), i/., bokbto, ntina.
(body or bulk), ., nzbtd.
(foundation), ., esuke'la, ntina.
BASKET, various, . , ebele, ebbkb,
ecakacaka, ekblb, elongo,
elunga, etabala, etiba, lokblo, losanza, mokukulu,
mombai, monkengi, moseka,
motete, ncanga, ncanga.
BASTARD, nph. , mwana d bondenga.
BASTE (in sewing), vph., tonga
poloko-poloko.
(meat), iv.,ninisa.
BAT, various, ., lingembwa (longembwa), lipapusa (lopapusa), lipupuku (lipopoko),
monkonko.
for cricket, nph., mwete mo botbpe.
BATCH, ., liboko, ebonda.
BATH (a bathing), ., bososi.
(for water), n., bati (Eng. ) 3.
BATHE, /'., sosa.
(a child), vc., llbisa.
oneself, vin., libe'la.
call to come and, intj., ebobo !
BATTEN, n., likengete.
BATTER, vph., bola kbo, netele
ki-ki.

BATTERED in, vs., bblbtana, bolatana ; vc. , bblitinya.

BARRI-BEAT
BATTERY, electric, . ,nina 5.
BATTLE, //., etumba, bomano,
bobita.
one engaged in, n., mobiabita
n.
BAWL, vs., totwa ; vin., pama ;
vs., pamangana.
BAY, ., libunu.

BE, pres., nga; past indef., liki;

past def., liki; all other modifi
cations are made by means of
zala, which is used throughout
the whole of the tenses.
cause to, vc., zallsa.
BEACH, ., libbngo; vt., kblia
[kblama, kola] ; /;-., semisa
[seme, sej.
BEAD, ., mokoli.

various, n., etc, lizamali, liyaka.

BEAK, ., ekbngi.
BEAM (of wood), n., mosembako,
mosambako.
(of light), ., liyeyele. [kango.
tie, nph., mosembako mo moBEAN, ., lokasu.
large ground, ., libulele.
small ground (arachis), ., lonzoko.
BEAR, -'/., nyanya, meme (beta,
betblaj.
(endure), vph., yika mpiko ; vt.,
yiketela.
(fruit or children), vt., bbta.
down (in expelling from abdo
men), vt., yeme.
harsh treatment, vph., kasbla
nzoto.
progeny in rapid succession, vph.,
bota esubu.
up, -'ph., kasbla nzoto.
with, vt., yisa.
witness, vph., tatbla motatb.
BEARD, ., lole[//. nzole'J.
bushy, vph., lole kebu-kebu.
hair of, ., mcongi.
BEAST, n., ebwele.
wild, /////., ebwele e bongala.
BEASTLY, ndj., manyali.
BEAT, /;'/., bete, bbla, kuta, nyiba, pioka; vph., poso lokutu, tutuba lokutu.
T

BEAT-BEGOT

( 274 )

BEAT (continued).
against, vt., tula.
down (grass), vt., samba; vph.,
ba nzela.
down (nail), vt., yinda.
down (price), vt., memisa.
drum, vt., senge.
(excel), see pita aK</leka.
(of head when aching), vin., komela, kome'kela.
in mortar, vt., toko.
into a shapable mass, vt., boncla.
(in speed of work), vt., kuta,
yunza.
off, -';.. bengisa.
(of heart), vs., takubana, takuma [taku-taku].
out (plantain pudding or bark of
tree), vt., tutaba.
(overcome), vt., ngendolo.
to powder, vc., cecinginya [vs.,
cecengene], munyinginya
[vs., munyungana].
time, one-two, vph., koma ekoko ko-ko, bete ekoko ko-ko.
out iron, vt. , netele.
out flat, vt., pasa.
up (eggs), ve., kolinginya [vs.,
kolangana].
BEATEN in, vs., beletene. [ndo.
BEATING of time, ., ekoko, likitogether (of hands), vs., bengene [vc., benginya], tekene,
cekene.
with palm of hand, iiid. , tu.
BEATITUDE, nph., zambi ll esengo.
BEAUTIFIED, vin., sungela.
BEAUTIFUL, vin., tana.
BEAUTY, ., zeni, ntolo.
a female, ///., ngondb 6 mintala.
a male, ///"/., nkwaindo e mintala.
BECALMED, vs., zengengala; ind.,
zengele.
BECAUSE, conj., nowela.
of, pph., na ewela e, na mobclo mo, na etondo 6, na iitina e.
BECKON, .-'///., bianga naloboko.

BECOME, vin., present tense only+

ka (aka).
cause to, /.. , zallsa.
BECOMINGNESS, ., eyango, ekonde.
BED, n. , etuti.
enclosed, nph., etuti c nkbbe.
garden, ., mokenga, monkcnga.
large garden, ., mokunza, 1ipulu.
of river, dried up, n. , moboku.
BEDFELLOW, ., motutumisi.
BEDROOM, /////., moi mo ndako.
BEDTIME, ., matutumela 8.
BEE, ., lonzoi, monzoi.
a small kind, ., mompipingi.
BEEF, nph., mosuni mo ngombo,
obwelc e ngombo.
BEER, i/., masanga, maleku.
sugar cane, n. , ncuka.
brew sugar cane, vph., yama
ncuka.
BEESWAX, ., esangi.
BEETLE, n., enangananga.
various kinds of, //., ebakata,
ekokoto, nzonga-mai, ekxilulu.
BEFITTING, vin., komo.
BEFOGGED, v///., kitela mpombi.
BEFOOL, vt., sisola ; vs., siswa.
by sending a person to another
imaginary one, vc., memisa.
BEFORE (in time), pph., b boso bo,
b yambo e.
(in place), //"//.. o mobosb mb,
b miso ma; ind., nconga.
dawn, n.pl., milonge.
get, vt., yambbla; ,-///., banga.
BEFRIEND, vph., yekemele na
boboto.
BEG (a person to do), vap. , condo
le, pekele, bondemele.
for, vt. , bondela.
BEGET, vt., kinza, bbta.
BEGGAR, n. , mobondeli, motemi.
BEGIN, vt., banda, bakola.
BEGINNING, ., mabandelaS.
at the very, ph. , yambo nconco.
BEGOTTEN child, only, nph., mwana d mpenza.

( 275 )

BEGUILE, .-/., lombo, bongo (kombo).

into trouble, vc., pellsa.

BEGUILING, ., elombele.
BEHALF, ., epose (eposi, eposa),
nongo, zambi.
BEHAVE, vt., 1engolo (longele),
kela; /'.,'., longbbana.
BEHAVIOUR, ., ezalcla.
BEHEAD, vph., kwete mutu.
BEHIND, pph., 6 mbisa e; ind.,
lembele.

follow, i 'l'h., banza o mbisa.

get, vph., leka b mbisa.
BEHOLD, .-/.. keka, tala (menga).
B ELATE, vc., simbisa.
BELCH, vph. , ta mobio.
BELFRY, nph. , cyako e bayengele.
BELIEF, ., boyambi.
BELIEVE, vt., yamba.
in, vap., yambela.
BELIEVER, ., moyambi.
BELL, /.'., eyengele 3, ngonga.
double, ., elbnza.
at end of stick, ., mongolomba.
BELLOW, vs., lblwa.
BELLOWS, ., nkuka.
-blower, n. , esasa.
BELLY, n. , lobobo ; col]. , moi.
BELONGING to, render this expres
sion by means of the enclitic
-mbe when the article or arti
cles belong to a person at the
time when the words are used,
and by the enclitic -liki when
the article or articles belonged to
the person but do not belong to
him when the words are used ;
e.g., the sheep belonging to
the chief, mbata limbo mokonzi ; the sheep which be
longed to the chief, mbata
lili'ki mokonzi; -mbe is not
used before pronouns, the simple
adj. particle being used only ;
but -liki is used with pronouns
just as well as with nouns.
BELOVED, vs., lmgana.

my beloved, dph., d bolingo bb

ngai.

BEGUILE-BENI

BELOW, vt., sokia |sbkome, soke]; pph., b nce e.

BELT, //., moncenge.
of cloth, ii., mpwono.
of plaited hide, n., bongili.
BEMOAN, vt. , lela.
BENCH, ., epomba.
carpenter's, ///., epomba e mobongo.
for planing purposes, ., ewalela.
for sitting upon, nph., epomba
e zala.
screw, nph., eyotbli 6 epo
mba.
BEND, vt., yumba (wumba); vs.,
yumbama; ind., yumbe, yu
mba.
a bow, vt., ne'na, sena.
down over stomach, vs., bokakala.
down so as to cover the front of
person, vt., kukia [kukama,
kuka].
forward, vs., yinama [yine],
yinanala.
face downwards, vs. , sokomo
[vt., sokia ; ind., sbkc].
in anything, . , likumba.
in stick, n., nkundu.
knees, vt., kumbia ; vs., kumbama; ///,/., kumba, kumbe.
midribs of palm over the ridge
pole, vph., bunela miokoko,
kengia miokoko.
(pliant), ndj., mblu.
or strain straight, vt. , bebola.
BENEATH, pph., b nee e; ndj.,
BENEDICTION, ., boyeyi.
BENEFICENCE, ., boboto.
BENEFICENT, vph., kela boboto.
BENEFIT, ., litbmba ; nph., za
mbi ll bobbto.
BENEVOLENCE, ., likabo, bobb
to.
BENEVOLENT person, ., mokabi.
BENIGHTED, vph., yindela busa.
(ignorant), vs., le'ngwa.
BENIGNITY, ., boboto.

BENT-BICEPS

(276)

BENT, vs., kbtbtala [kbtbtb].

(of back of head), vs., kubabala.
(of side), vs., kombambala, kombbmbala.

(of backbone), vs., ngbtatala.

with face to the ground, vs., sokomo [sbke ].
BENUMB, vc., koisa [vin., kb]; vs.,
katatala ; vcph., katisa katatalu.
BEQUEATH, vph., tika libula.
BEQUEST, ., libula.
BEREAVED, vph., tikana boyeli.
BEREAVEMENT, ., boyeli.
BERRY, ., lombolo.
kind of, linzeke.
BESEECH, vap., bondele, pekele,
bondemele.
[kele.

earnestly, /-///.. mongono nopeBESET, vt., kubbla, zbnga iin,l.,

26, zbngb, zbnga].
BESIDE (except), ph., tu se.
(more), adv. , bisa.
(near), vs., beleme [bele] ; ind.,
banda, bantu ; /'/'//., b lobanzelb.

(with), in,l, putanu.

BESIDES, aph., bisa banda; be
sides all this, bisa banda na
liye linco.
BESIEGE, vt., kubola.
BESMEARED, vs., patangana.
BESOTTED, ,-.r.. telangana.
BESPEAK, vt., banda.
BEST (in choosing), ind., kblongokblongo.

quality food, //., bosongele.

person or thing, n. , ebali ; this
requires no particle to precede
any definitiveclauscfollowing it.
His is the best home, e yeye
enga ebali mbbka ; blue and
white baft are good cloths, but
the best is the white, mpilina
mbenza bilamba bilamu,
nde ebali mbenza.
BESTOW, vt., pe, kaba.
BESTRIDE, vt., pangia [pangema,
panga] ; vap., yikamela ;
vph. , yakema makolo tangangalu, yakema panga.

BET, vph., sika mbengu.

BETRAY (hand over secretly), vap.,
lengele ; vt. , selenga.
BETROTH, vt., banda.
BETTER, .pitawlekazV// noun
of quality in which the thing is
said to be better, e.g. this is
better than that, eye ekopita
e'nya bolamu ; to be poor for
Christ's sake is better than a
redundance of earthly posses
sions, nozala na boyokb na
etondo e Masiya likopita
bopull bo bikatela bi nee
bolamu.
(from illness), vs., kbswa.
than represented to be, ndj., elebese.
BETWEEN,////., b ntei e, b ntantel &
BEVEL, vl'h., kete sele, kola sole.
(measure), nph., loteno lb sele.
edge, nph., nkako e sele.

BEVERAGE, ., enuela.
BEWAIL, vt., lela; vc. , wisa.
BEWAILING the dead, walk about,
i'/'//., busa mompandi, tambwisa mompandi, lekisa
mompandi.
BEWARE of, vph., kengele nzbto
bmbe.
BEWILDER, vs. , kakatana, yengetana, yungutana; :-. ., kakltinya, yengitinya, yungitinya.
BEWILDERMENT, ., lcenge (loyenge), mokakatano, maunga
(mayunga).

BEWITCH, vt., lbko, lemba.

BEWITCHING, ., ndoko.
BEYOND, vs., le'kana/ vc., lekinya ; l'l'h. , a mbisa 6, b lokenge lb . . . lbnga b mp'ena.
BIAS have, vs., pengwa, pengeme, yengwa; .-/., penge ;
i'< . , pens wisa ; ,v. , mopengo.
BIB, //,"//., elamba 6 kotbla mbido.

BIBLE, nph., monkana mbmbe

Nyambe.
BICEPS, n.colq., ncbsb, mpb.

(277)
BICKER, vs., ybmana, tayasana.
BID (to feast), vt., bianga.
(command), vc., sikisa.
(at auction), 7 '///. , sakola motuya.
farewell, vs., kakana.
.
BIER, n. , mobbngolokb.
for seating corpse upright, .,
moyalb.
BIG, adj., -ne.
BIGAMY, if a woman have two hus
bands she is said to have two
adulteries, anga na mibako
mibalc ; see further on POLY
GAMY.
BIGOTRY, . , bozungazungi.
BIGOTTED, vs., zungazunga.
BILE, /'//., mai ma nyongi.
BILIOUSNESS, ., lonzo.
BILL (of bird), ., ekbngi.
(account), nph., lingongoli motuya.
BILLOW, n. , mbbnge.
BIND, vt., kanga, linga, koto.
book, vph., tonga monkana.
cloth with braid, vph., ta elamba loswa.
BINDER of gun, .,limba.
BIPED, nph., ebwele e botemeke.
BIRD, n. , moleke.
variouskinds of, .,bokamba,bokwango, bombolo, bwembbbale, ebebeke, ekblbli, ekongo 3, ekbngb, ekumamali,
ekwale, eleke, elbngbncono,
empbmpb, eneke, engosa,
ebko,
etbtongi,
cybka,
kabancala, libeki,
likeme, likbmakoko (nkbmekela), lilelembe, liloko, lilbmba, lindengo, lingeli, llngble, lisble, lobwabbta, lokanga, lokdlunga, lonkengo, losunge (loswenge),
lototi (lototia), mbbyb, mobbbondi, mobu, mokelo,
mokbkb, mokweke, moleli,
molilb, moncanganzebu, monyenyenge, monzemba, monzunze, mosaka, mosblo,
mpaka, mpapanga, mwa-

BICKER-BLACK

BlRD (continued).
ba, ncebu, ncekekoko. ncengengeli, ndole, ngbmbb,
ngombe - banzanga
(ngombe-bonzanga), nkata, nkatampwa, nkbka, nkoko, nkbndbndb, nkonga-ndika, ntutu, nyungu, nzango, yondbkb.
nest of, zumbu.
young, . , zasa.
-lime, n., ndembo.
BIRTH, ., libbta.
give, vt., bbta.
plural, ii., bonketa; ist child,
nkumu 5 ; 2nd, mpeya 5.
BIRTHRIGHT, nph., libbndo ll
bobbtibwl.
BISCUIT, n. , mosikiti.
BISECT, vt., bitbla.
BISHOP, n., mokengeli.
BIT, n., etomba, lopumbu ; ph.,
mwa elokb.
belonging to brace, nph., eyeli
e monyenginyi.
of bridle, ., nkokele, molcokele.
BITCH, nph. , mbwa e mweiiu.
BITE, vt., bata; vph., twa mind,
busa mind.
of food, n., monyamu, montamunya..
off (piece), vt. , cubbla.
BITING of lip through vexation, i/.,
lingondo.
in throat caused by eating unripe
fruit, n., nkaell (nkalell).
BITTER (of cry), ind., nge-nge.
BITTERLY, speak, vph., kata lokwako.
BITTERNESS, ., bolblb.
BITUMEN, .//., bitume (Fr.).
BIVOUAC, vph. , ngunzama linkutu.
BLAB, vt., sesolo; n., lolesb.
BLACK, adj., -yindo ; ind., piti.
become, vin. , yindela.
-board, nph., esonele e epbmba.
colour, nph., bokbbo boyindo.
earth, //., ncoko.

BLACK-BLOOD

( 278 )

BLACK (continued).
man, ///VS., moto moyindo.
on roof from smoke, . , milaka.
very, ind. , pwitikipwi.
BLACKEN, vc., yindlsa.
BLACKMAIL, ., ekota, mankwane 8.
levy, .--,., kembisa; /'///., le
ekota.
BLACKSMITH, ., motuli, mokuba.
BLADDER (urinary), ., epinya.
BLADE (knife), ., eyeli (celi),
mpindi, eipi (eyipi) ; /////.,
nzbto ll mbieli.
edge of, //., lokenge, nkako.
back edge of, nph., lokenge lS
botunu, mokundu.
sharp edge of, nph., lokenge lb
mpia.
flat of, //. , mbimba, lobanze,
lokondb.
detached, //., mcbngola.
tang of, //. , molungola.
of grass, ., lisongu.
of paddle, //., libalela (libale).
of spear, . , mutu.
BLAME, vt., banza; ., libanza,
mbanzo.
BLAMELESS, vph. , senga biyu.
BLANCH, vs., kabwa.
BLANK, ///'/., pole, pole'le ; </,''h.,
se mpamba, eloko te.
BLANKET, ., molangiti.
BLASPHEME, vt., yembbla.
BLAST (of wind), //., lompompo.
BLASTED (of corn or nsafu), ndj.,
epbpe.
BLAZE, '/ '/'., lola, ngenge; /v.,
lolisa/ ///,/., loli-loli; //.,
elol/,
up, -.'-.-. , tblwa, tblbmwa.
BLAZING, vs., ngengubana; -';h.,
lola kau-kau.
BLEACH, vs., kabwa; vc., kabwisa.
BLEAT, '-'///. , loba be-be.
BLEED, vph., tanga malbngb,
pima or pbla malbngb.
copiously, vs., sanzabana, sanzangana.

BLEED (continued).
medicinally, vt., nyunya, yunya.
BLEEDING, the nose is, nph., ngongo e'btenya malbngb.
BLEMISH, n., eyu.
BLEND, iv., cbbinya.
BLESS, -'t., yeya, kakisa.
ask a blessing on food, vph. ,
yeya boll bmbe Nyambe.
make happy, vph., ybkisa esengb,
make prosperous, vc., nyengwisa.
praise, i'/., yembela, sanzbla.
BLESSED, vp., yeyibwa. Blessed
is the teller of good tidings,
moyeyibwi enga (note the
pronominal e) mosakoli 6
noango ndamu.
(happy), dp//., na bisengo.
Blessed are they who receive
the gospel, bame bisengo
enga (note the pronominal e)
bayambi ba ncango ndamu.
BLIGHT, n., esulu ; vs., sulwa
(vc., sulwisa) ; vph., wa na
esulu,
BLIND, nph., miso pbtb or kiitii
or mpbmbi.
person, d miso pbtb, etc.
(dazzle), vph., kela miso nzenzeli.
(as smoke), vt., bosa.
path, n., ekumele.
BLINK (of eyes), vs., balibana
(baibana), ballma (balma).
BLISS, ., esengb.
BLISTER, n. , liboba, llpopa, lilcngu, litotobela, lltobekela,
mpwempwe.
BLOCK, vt., liba, yika, sina.
and pulley, ., nkumba.
the path, standing so as to, vs. ,
lambambala.
BLOOD, n.pl., malbngb.
-brotherhood, v., bondeko.
-brotherhood, make, vph., koma
bondeko kwi.
BLOODSHOT, vin., tola.
BLOODSTAIN, n., libanda.

279
BLOODVESSEL, ., moncisa.
(in nose), /////. , ngbngo 6 zblo.
BLOODY, ph., bwe na malbngb.
BLOOM, vs., kekene, kekele.
BLOSSOM, vs., kekene, kekele;
n. , likele.
before expanded into a flower,
-////., ebolo e likele.
BLOT, n., litangi, epete.
out, -.""/'' , bomela.
out by wiping, vt., sungbla.
BLOTCH, vc., patinginya.
BLOTTING paper, nph., lingongo
ll ybmisa bokbbo.
BLOW, vt., yula.
about (of wind), vc., lembisa.
at, <',/.l'., yulela.
(bellows), vt., aasa, luta.
(bellows) hard, vc., lutisa.
down, vt., yunza.
(fire), vc., lolisa.
(loose articles), about, vt., pelolo.
(of wind), vin., pupa, pipe;
!iuL, pepe-pepe, pu-u, bu-u.
off (steam), vs., lutana, vc.,
lutisa.
off (roof), vt., zubola.
out (extinguish), vs., llmwa ;
vc., limwisa.
[ba)
out (inflate), vs., luluba fyuluout (swell of corpse), vs., ngambambala.
violently away, vt., pepolo.
violently (of tornado), vs., tenya.
with hand, ., eyambb, epakata, lobete.
with fist, //., emponda.
with finger, ., montoba.
with knuckle ., monkondo.
with palm of hand, //., mbata.
(whistle), vt., yula.
BLOW-PIPE, nph., mongenzu mo
yula.
BLUE pigment,^ ., zinga.
stone, n., bulusitoni 3.
BLUNDER, ., ellmbi, mpwese.
BLUNT, vin., tuna; ind., kutukulu-kutukulu.
pointed, vin., kbtbmba; /////.,
kulungu.

BLOOD-BOLL
BLUNTNESS, ., botunu, bokutukulungu.
BLUR, ., lipata.
BLUSH, vs., sulwa (sula); vs.,
sululala; in, I., sululu.
BOAR, wild, ., ngoya.
BOARD, ., epomba, libaya.
up, vph. , banza mabaya.
BOAST, vt., lobolo; ., molobo.
empty, .//., bikaka, bipali.
BOAT, n. , bota [pl. , mbta], bwato,
bwe'ngo.
row or paddle, nph., bwengo
bb nkai.
sailing, nph., bwengo bb bilamba.
steam, nph., bwengo bb nkuka.
BOB up and down, vs., lbndwa,
tondibana.
BOBBIN, nph., mokuswa mo londlmba.
BODE, vc., yebisa.
BODICE, ., bodisi [//., modlsl].
BODKIN, /////., ndbka 6 bilamba.
BODY, n.pl., nzbto,
(corpse), . , ebembe, ekokoi.
side of, //., lokondb.
BOG, ., linyenge.
BOGGY place, ., ekunda, monganda.
BOIL, .-.'., lamba; vin., zbko,
tbko, buka, bunza; vc. , zokisa, tbkisa, bunzisa.
before smoking (flesh), vt., ngunzbla.
come to boiling point, vin., yala.
over, vs., sanzabana, sanzangana.
to pieces, vcph., cecinginya na
bolambi.
up, vs., luluba (yuluba).
(abscess), n., litunginya.
gum, ., lilengu.
BOILER, . , mobeya (mombeya).
BOISTEROUS, vs., tbtwangana,
pamangana.
mirth, indulge in, vph., wa na
biseso.
BOLD person, ., eyangi.
BOLDNESS, ., bonzanga, mpiko.
BOLL, /////., ndako e mimbbto.

BOLSTER-BOW

( 280 )

BOLSTER, ///., likoba llsanda;

vt., suke'la.
BOLT, vt., yika; nph., moikako
mo boweleke.
BOMBAST, n.pl., bikaka, bipali.
BOND, n., mokango.
of cord, ., ekatanga.
in brickwork, n. , ebanzela.
BONDAGE, //., bontamba.
BONDMAN, ///., montamba d
bwele.
BONDWOMAN, nph., montamba d
mwene; n., bopika.
BONE, ii., lokwd.
large, //., ekbnbngb.
at nape of neck, nph., likele li
nkingb.
in pectoral fin of cat fish, .,
montb.
BONFIRE, n., libembe.
BONINESS, ., botungu.
BONNET, ., ekbtb (enkbtb).
BONNY, vin., tana.
BONUS, n., nzakia.
BONY, ind., bisbnbngb.
(of buttocks), vs., beleteae.
BOOK, n., monkana.
shelf, nph., ctalaka c minkana.
BOON, /////.. likabo li ngblu.
BOOT, n., ekbtb.
BOOTH, n., mokondbki.
BOOTY (people), ., montbngi n,
ntbnge.
BOOZE, ,;''h., langasana na masanga.
BORDER (of cloth), ., loswa.
(of shield), ., mobelb ; vt.,
bela.
(strip sewn on cloth), n. , mbembb.
BORE, -.",'., nyenginya, nyengisa;
vt., yotolo.
(of gun), . , loteno.
(by insect), vt., tuba.
BORER insect, '//., lombombb
(lobombb).
BORN crippled, vph., bbtibwa na
boleme.
with a peculiarity, child, .,
mpumamoi 5.
BORROW, vt., beka.

BORROWED article or money, .,

mbeka.
BOSOM, ., ntblo.
BOTANY, nph., mambi ma biyembu.
BOTH, use the prep. ma before both
nouns which are combined in
the sentence ; e.g. call both
Lokuli and Meke, biangaka.
na Lokuli na Meke, or, bia
ngaka na Lokuli mpe na
Meke ; men can only kill, but
God can both kill and make
alive (here it will be necessary
to represent the verbs by the
gerundive forms), bato bako
yisa se bobomi, nde Nyambe
akoyisa na bobomi mpe na
bozallsi.
BOTHER, vc., pepisa.
BOTTLE, ., molangi.
hot water (indiarubber), nph.t
molangi mb matbpe.
large, ., ebongb, ebongwa.
small, ., litobe.
BOTTOM, n., bokbtb.
false, of bottle, nph., montblu
mb molangi, lltbba ll mo
langi.
reach the, vph., ye'tela nce ki.
of water, nph., nce e mai.
BOUGH, ., lltaki, etaki, ekoki.
BOULDER, n., libwa.
BOUNCE, vs., lbndwa, tenduma,
yumbwa ; vph. , yumbwa mincondi ; //. . liyumbwa.
BOUND, see BOUNCE.
(to do), vs., lendandala, bendendala, temamala, kelele.
.g., we are bound to eat lest
we die, lbnga lendandalu.
nole kani nowa.
(limit), ., ndelo.
BOUNDARY, ., ndelo.
fix, vph., kete ndelo.
BOUNDLESS, vs., nyengetene;
ind., ll-ll, tambili-tambili.
BOUNTIFUL (of feast), vs., palalala.
Bow down, vs., yinama [yine],
yinanala.

BOW-BREAST

( 281 )

Bow (continued).
for arrows, ., mongango.
of boat, ., ekumbi.
tie, nf-i/., llswe ll boyunbla;
v/-i., koma boyunbla.
BOWEL, ,v., moncobo, mosobo.
BOWL, ., mpotb.

perforated, i/., bwango, nkengo.

shallow wooden, ., loako (loyako).

BOW-LEGGEDNESS, ., lonzeke.
Box, n., nkobc.
of lucifer matches, . , eseno.
(tin or tin trunk), ., ngbbngblb; ,"'''., nkobc e linzanza.
-stool, ., mokuswa.
BOY, .''/''., elenge e bwele.
little, n., tankwayindo i.
(white person's attendant), .,
boi I ; although this word has
been borrowed from the white
people, yet the natives apply it
to female attendants as well as
to males.
,

BOYCOTT, vc., kembisa; ., nkembi.

BOYISHNESS, ., bolenge.
BRACE (boring tool) ., monyenginyi 11.
bit for, nph., eyeli e monyenginyi

BRACELET, see ANKLET.

BRACES, //.//., makambu.
BRACKET, ., esukela.
BRADAWL, ., epombisi.
BRAG, vt., lobolo; ., molobo.
vainly, vph., kela bipali or bikaka.
BRAID (the hair), vt., yuta ; .,
eyuta.
BRAIN, M., bongongo (pl., mongongo).

BRAKE, n., esimbisela.

BRANCH, ., litaki, etaki, ekoki.
small, of dead tree, . , likalanganya.
oil', vs., kabwa.
of river, n., likau.
road, ., likau.

BRAND (kind), ., lolenge, lokbla,

lolimo.

(burn), vph., tumba elembo.

BRANDISH, vc., kalinginya.
BRASS, n., mpbtb.
basin, likasu.

BRAVADO, //. , bipali, bikaka.

BRAVE (person), //., nzanga i.
BRAVERY, //., bonzanga.
make an exhibition of, vs., langatana, langasana, langalanga.

BRAWL, vs., tbtwa.

BRAY, vs., lblwa.
BREACH (hole), lilu.su, liusu
(etusu, lit/isu), epongo.
(of law or promise), n., boyeseni,
mayese.

BREAD, ., engbele (engwele).

BREADTH, ., litaki, ntuta,
nouta; colq., libalela (libalo).
BREAK, vt., buna [vs., bunya;
ind., bie].
a law, vph. , panza mobeko.
(a limb by bending it backwards),
vt., bekbla, beke.
down, /'/., pandbla.
(edge of vessel), vt., pukbla,
pekolo.

in (animal), vt., ngendolo.

loose, vs., tungwa.
off, vt. , buna [vs. , bunya ; ind. ,
bie].
out (of sun), ;'///., pima, pbla,
bala.

up, vt., pandbla.

up (with fingers or roller), vt. ,
nyibbla.
wind, -'l'h.. neke monkinza, ta

monkinza.
BREAKFAST, nph., lile ll ncakb.
take, ,-///., sakbla nzbto.
BREAKING of limbs by backward
movement, n. , mobeko.
BREAKWATER, ., mobbka.
BREAST (bosom), n., ntblo, botblo.

bone, nph., likesi ll ntblo.

of bird of different colour to
body, ., libeka.

BREAST-BROKEN

( 282 )

BREAST (continued).
(teat), ., libele.
erect, nph., libele ngungu.
fallen, nph., libele lisute.
pendulous, nph., libele biombolo.
BREATH, //., moiili (moyuli).
expire, vph. , sundlsa mpbma.
take, -'ph., batisa mpbma.
BREATHE, vin., yemela.
take time to, vin. , yembele.
softly, i'///., be'nda mpbma nde.
BREATHING, n., mpbma.
have great difficulty in, vph.,
ybka molbko.
BREATHLESS impatience, ., lowato.
BREECH (of gun), n. , loboku.
BREECHES, ., mombati; nph.,
monkbto mb makolo.
BREECH-LOADER, n., bondbki.
BREED, vc., bbtisa.
(kind), i/., lolenge, lokbla, lolimo.
BREEZE, n., embembe.
BREW, vt., yama.
BRIBE, ///., mosblo mb nkuku.
BRICK, ., libiliki (Eng.).
lay bricks, vph., banza mabi'liki.
-kiln, ., lltumbu.
-laying, ///'h., bobanzi mabiliki.
BRIDE, ,-/l'h., mwene d libala.
BRIDEGROOM, nph., mobali d li
bala.
BRIDESMAID, . , mobaleli.
BRIDGE, ., bokando, bonango.
BRIDLE, nph. , mokango mb mutu
mb ebwele.
BRIEF, adj., -kuse.
BRIGAND, ., ekulu.
BRIGHT, adj., -telu ; ind., bwe,
ngia-ngia, cece.
come out (of sun), vin., bala,
kangwa.
for a long time (of full moon), vs.,
ngengubana.
BRIGHTEN, vin., tola.
(mirror), vt., tendolo.
(of day), vs., kangwa (kanga).

BRIGHTNESS, n.pL, ncence, neengi (cece 3).

BRILLIANT, vs., langibana [langilangi], buluma [bulu-bulu ;
in,l., ngia-ngia.
BRIM, ., ebekako, mobekako,
nkako.
BRIMFUL, vs., lebebele ; ind.,
lebe-lebe.
BRINE, nph., mai ma mokwa.
BRING, vt., beke.
about, render suitable verb in
the causative to give this idea.
back, ;;-., bembisa, butwisa,
butinya.
down, vc., sundisa [vin., snnda]; v/., yakbla [vs., yakwa], sokia [sbkeme, solcc |.
forth (child), vt., bbta.
more money to lobesi, vt., yita.
out so as to be seen, vt., kusbla ;
ind. , kusb, kusu.
to life again, vt., sekbla; vs.,
se'kwa.
(to a place), vc., yetisa.
together, ',-/,, ybnginya, bunga,
takinya.
trouble upon, vt., kuya, sukbla.
up (a child), vt., teya.
BRINGER of glad tidings, nph., eya
na ncango.
[bwalo.
BRISKNESS, ., bosakb, bosali,
BRISTLE, n., lokiinza, nzbso,
nkunza, nkungia.
BRITTLE, adj., mimbukwa, mo
kwa, mokb.
BROAD, vs., yengasana.
-shouldered, vs., ngambatana.
BROADCAST, sow, vph., miakela
ca-ca.
BROADEN, vt., cakbla.
BROADNESS, ., libeki, lltaki.
BROADSIDE, bring, vt., bulia
| bulama, bule].
BROIL (disturbance), n., ekbkele.
(cook), vt., totolo.
BROKEN down, vs., bunya [vt.,
buna].
down (of house), vs. , bundwa.
down (of sides of pit), vs. , bukwa
{',"t., bukbla], bukwangana.

283
BROKEN (continued).
down (by rush of anything), vs.,
yukwa [i'/., yukbla].
into small pieces, vs., bosangana, cceengonc ; /n,l, ccce.
thing easily, .</./., likei.
BROKER, nph., nioluki d mombbngo.
BROKERAGE, nph., mai ma nkai.
BRONCHITIS, ., likombb.
BROOD. </., etbnga, libbta, ebemba.
(as hen), vs., yulama.
(ponder), vt., bonda.
BROOK, i/., mosblo.
BROOM, //.. cyombbli, lombo | /V. ,
nzombb].
BROTH, ., bomai, subu 3.
BROTHER, elder, n., moyebi.
younger, n., molimi.
of sister, ., nkana i.
elder, of sister, //:'//., nkana e
moyebi.
younger, of sister, nph. , nkana e
molimi.
-in-law of a man, nph., mwasi
d bwele.
-in-law of a woman, nph., mobali d bongoi.
of a brother, use the following
model/ his brother, d bwele
bb moi moko na yeye.
BROTHERHOOD, nph., boputani
bb bobbto.
BROTHERLINESS, ., bobbto.
BROW, ., mbatata.
of hill, //., nkako (lokako).
BROWN, dark, ind., kelo. This is
the colour the natives ascribe
to their skin.
BRUISE, vc., bblltinya [vs., bblbtana, bblatana].
(cassava roots), vt. , poso.
(in mortar), vt. , toko.
BRUSH, vt., yombolo; ., eyombbli, lombo [pl., nzombo].
BRUSHWOOD, n., esoko.
BRUTALITY, ., ekuna.
BRUTE, nph., ebwele e bongala.
person, nph., mome ekuna.

BROKEN-BUNDLE
BUBBLE, . ' . . , luluba i yuluba < ;
., lotbtbku, limwamwa;
ind., pwo-pwo.
BUBO, n. , mompipa.
BUCKET (galvanised iron), ., linzanza.
(wooden or iron), . , sen (Fr. ) 3.
BUCKLE, ., ekokila.
BUD, ,-///., songo ; ., lisongu.
BUDGE, vs., suswa.
BUFFALO, ., ngombo.
BUG, . , lombota, eybngbngo,
eybngbki.
BUGLE, ., noanya.
BUILD, vt., tbnga; vph., bete
ndako; ., litbnga.
BUILDER, //.. motbngl.
BUILDING (house), ., ndako.
BULGE, vin., tuta; vc., tutisa.
out, vs., tekekele [tekeke],
ngundundala [ngundundu].
BULK, this sense is expressed by the
ind. meaning for the most part
kangala, buli, bukb, on
the following model / the bulk
of the people are lazy, bato
banga kangala se bisende.
(greatness), n. , bone.
BULKY, ind., bomu-bbmu ; vin.,
nene; adj., -ne.
appearance, ., losusu, losisu.
become, vin., kata.
BULKINESS, n., bone.
BULL, nph., ngombo e bwele.
BULLET, n., eyele 3.
small, n., lindbndb.
BULLY, vt., nyokolo; n., monyokoli.
BULWARK, nph., engumba e
nkenke.
BUMP, vt. , tula.
from mosquito bite, ., liyoyoko.
BUNCH, ., ebimba.
of arrows, ., ekati.
of fruit, //., etuka.
of palm nuts, n., ebila.
BUNCHLET (of palm nuts), .,
ekango.
(of plantains), n., esangi.
BUNDLE, ., ebimba.

BUNDLE-BUTTER

( 284 )

BUNDLE (continued).
long, mokiimba.
(of camwood), . , ebele.
(of odd pieces), n. , ekangela.
(of brass rods), . , mobombo.
for shoulder, n. , libeki.
(of sticks), n., ebblo.
tied up like a sack at the mouth,
small, ii., monkoti.
ditto, medium, n., libbke.
ditto, large, nph., mosuba mo
libbke.
(of tobacco leaves), n. , ekota.
BUNG, //., elibo, elindb, elinda,
elindwa, esinya.
BUNGLE, vc., bulunginya [vs.,
bulungana].
BUOY, iil'h., eyongo e elembo.
BURDEN, n. , zumba [pi. , mumba |.
BURDENSOME, ind., ngb, ngbtblo.
BURGLAR, n, , moyibi.
BURIAL, ., bokundi.
method of, by burying living
person with head above the
ground, //., ebakakali. |ndi.
service, nph. , boyembi bo bokuBURN vin., lika ; vc., likisa ; vt.,
tumba.
fiercely, vph., lola kau-kau.
(food while cooking it), vt., babbla.
imperfectly, vph., lika yubeyube.
in all directions (of fire), vs.,
lalwa.

(in fever), -'i//.. zuka.

rapidly, vph., lika bululu.
(smart), vin., sasela; n., esasela.

(scorch), 'v/. , babbla ; -Y. , likisa.

up (rubbish), vt., yemolo.
BURNING, vs., barabwa.
badly (of firewood), ind., mimillmi, yubu-yube.
place, ., libbko.
BURNT offering, nph., ekima e
botiimbaka.
place, n., ellkisa.
sacrifice, ///'//., moboma mb botumbaka.
BURR, nph., eteke e malb.

BURROW, ., molombb; vt., tima,

timbla.
BURST, vt., yatbla, tuba, yata ;
vs., yatwa, tubya.
(of eyes through smoke), vin.,
bosa.
(of gun), vt., tena; vs., tenya.
open, vt., kanga, ngangbla,
pandbla, tandbla.
to pieces, vt., panza ; vc., panzinginya ; vs. , panzangana.
BURSTING of leaf or paper bag, n. ,
lopambb.
BURY, vt., kunda.
BURYING place, ., mancongo 8.
place for money or eggs of croco
dile, ., likundu.
BUSH, n., esasaki.
bushy, ii., libunza.
cat, n., monkono.
man, nph. , mosi zamba.
BUSHY (of beard), ind., kcbiikebu.
BUSINESS (occupation), n., ekongb, ebekela.
(matter), n., zambi.
BUSTLE, vs., lengesene.
BUSY (employed), vph., kata lotomo.
(actively engaged), vs., sokotana [sbkoto], yungutana.
BUSY-BODY, ., moyangubani.
BUT, conj. and adv., rule. The
adv. enters into the formation
of the negative statement of the
verb ; e.g. , I am not able,
nanga nde d yisa ka. /. < ,
also used interchangeably with
se ; e.g. , I did but speak,
nalobi so bolobaka, nalobi
nde bolobaka ; we will surely
go to-morrow, lokbke nde
lbbi.
BUTCHER, nph., eboma ebwele.
BUTLER, ///'h., mobateli d bikatela.
BUTT, /-///.. bbla ebonza.
of gun, //., etindi.
BUTTER, nph., mall ma ngombo.
boat, /////., etebu e mall ma
ngombo.

BUTTER-CAM WOOD

( 285)
BUTTERFLY, ., llmbomboli.
net, ., bosilo.
BUTTOCK, ., bokbtb, linyoko.
BUTTON, ., lobesi; some call it
ncete e elamba.
BUTTON-HOLE, make, vph., ta zenze.
sewing, ., zenze.
BUTTRESS, ., lipandu.
BUY, vt., sbmba.
at exorbitant price, vt. , yanda,
yandbla.
below current price, vt., bebolo.
wholesale, vt., yikbla; vph.,
sbmba boyikbla.
on credit, vt. , lima.
Buzz, vin., yimela.
BY, prep. , na.
BY-AND-BY, aph., na ndembe.
BY-LAW, . , mobeko.
BY-NAM i . ., nkbmbb 8.
BY-PATH, see BY-ROAD.
BY-ROAD, /////., nzela e mpenza,
nzela e lombombolu.
BY-STANDER, ., motali.
BY-WAY (water), ., mpbkola.

CALF, nph., litumbu ll ngombo.

of leg, //., mompende, mwende.
ditto, straight, ///.. mompende
mb ncinga.
CALIBRE, ., boyisi, see also
GUN.
CALICO, white, . , mbenza.
ditto, thin, mototo.
CALL, vt., bianga, bela ; ind., keke.
after, vt., yebbla.
(assemble), vc., ybnginya.
by name, vt. , tanga.
inattentive to, vt., kina.
loud, ., lobela.
loudly, vph. , bianga ke-ke.
abusive names, -:. , tanga.
on to assist, vt., yimba.
out with pain, vs., sabana.
over (list of names), vt., bianga.
passed on, n., nzebb.
to arms or to help, intj., bid!
bid !
to mind, vt., kundbla.
to another that he is called, vt.,
yebbla.
with finger, vph., yimba mosei.
CALLING (business), n., lotbmo,
mwe'ngi.

CABBAGE, ., ndwa 6, kabezi

(Eng.)3.
CABLE (checking the fall of any
thing), ., mpiko.
rope, i/., mpangala.
CACAO, ., koko 3.
CACKLE, vin., kekele, kekene.
CAGE, ., ekete.
CAKE, i/., libbnda.
sweet, nph., engbele e bolie.
tin, aI'li. , linzanza ll engbele e
bolie.
CALABASH, ., mbenda, llseke,
moboma, lltutu, lotbmbo.
for hemp smoking, ., ntiba.
CALAMITY, ., libra.
CALAMUS, ., ekaka, elbngb.
CALCULATE, vc., sekisa (sekia).
CALENDER, nph., bosekisi bb mikblo.

CALLIPERS, ., kalipa (Eng.) 3.

CALLOUS, vph., ybtbla nconi.
CALM, ind., biu, cabe, ti.
(of a person), vs., lokololo, ngindandala.
CALMNESS, .,nyile.
(of water or weather), ., molcnge'li.
CALUMNIATE, vt., sole.
CALUMNY, ., llsele.
CAM, ., kama (Eng.) 3.
CAMBRIC, ., mototo.
CAMEL, n., ngamala.
CAMP for fishing purposes, nph.,
nganda e molako.
near battlefield, n. , linkutu ;
vph. , ybngana linkutu.
on river bank from canoe, vin.,
seme; in,l, se.
place, ., etuti.
CAMWOOD tree, ., eseu (esebu).

CAMWOOD-CAREFUL

( 286 )

CAMWOOD (continued).
powder, ., ngbla.
This is
made up into various styles of
packages, viz., makolo ma
ncengi, limete, montbmba,
mongale.
paste, . , moloku.
smeared on forehead, n. , mongombe.
[(wisa).

CAN, //., linzanza ; ;-'/., yisa

CANAL, ., moliba.
CANDID, dph.,lt& molbko se'mbo.
CANDIDATE, ., mobili.
CANDLE, ., mpaka.
stick, ///., mbata e mpaka,
ebatisela e mpaka.
CANDOUR, /////., ezalela sembo.
CANE, various kinds of, n., libio
(ebio), eyoi, lombbbe, longbli, lokeko.
for whipping, ., momiomio.
brake, n. , ekaka, lokaka-ngbli.
string, ., ngbli.
CANINE, dph. , na bombwa.
animals, various, //. , mbwa, ebo-

bolo.
CANISTER, ., linzanza.
CANNIBAL, nph., moll obato.
CANNON, ., kanbna (Fi.) 3.
CANOE, . , bwato, bwe'ngo.
large, //.. molongo, mpako.
small, //., esenge.
still afloat, ind., bombolblo.
which together with others man
ages the seine net, //. , mbelo.
-maker, //., mobongo.
full of people, n. , mwanda.
CANT, n., londelengi.
CANTANKEROUS person, n. , ntepe-

liSCANTANKEROUSNESS, //.. montcti.

mobala, moloboto.
CANTEEN, nph., linzanza ll mobembo.
CANVAS, n., monyuku, ngotb.
CAOUTCHOUC, nph., mankiki ma

matbpe.
CAP, n.. ekoto (enkbto).
percussion, ., libwa.
CAPABILITY, n., likoka.
CAPABLE, vin., koka.

CAPACIOUS, vs. ,nyengongele [/"</. ,

nyengele].
CAPACITY, //., moi, ntombi.

CAPE, ., nkolo.
CAPILLARY, ., moncisa.
attraction, ascend by, vph.,
benda nzoto.
CAPITAL (city), ., ekanga.
for trading, ., nkangi.
CAPITULATE, vt., be'nga.
CAPRICE, ., nceko.
CAPSIZE, vin., swa; vc., swisa.
CAPSULE, ///., ndako e (mombbto or other noun describing
contents).
CAPTAIN of canoe, ., nteli i.
CAPTIOUS, vin., sangbla.
CAPTIOUSNESS, n., mosango.
CAPTIVATE, vc., lengisa.

CAPTIVE, . , montbnge, ntbnge.

CAPTURE, ;-//., kata, kanga.

CARAVAN, nph., moluka mb nee

na nce.
CARCASE, . , ebembe, ekokoi.
of building, //., moango (moyango).

CARD, nph., lingongo ll ngenzenzalu.

CARDINAL points.
The natives
have no namesfor these, their
world is restricted to the river
and the adjacent high lands,
and the only two directions they
bear in mind are up river and
down river.
The following
are suggestedfor use in teaching.East, /'//., epimela e likanga.
West, /////., esundela e lika
nga.
North, nph., lokenge lb nkoso
(loohing of course to the east).
South, nph., lokenge lb mobali.
CARE for, -'/., kengele, batela.
scrupulously, vt., paka.
especial, of possessions, ., llbateii.
CAREER, ., mazalela 8.
CAREFULLY, ph., na moi, boke-

boke.
prepared food, /iph., boll bb bosongele.

287
CAREFULNESS, ., molembulembu.
in expenditure, n. , likekete.
CARELESSLY, ind., pusu-pusu.
CARESS, vt., boka.
CARETAKER, ., mokengeli.
CARETAKING, ., likengi, likcngeli.

CARGO, n.pl., mumba.

CARICATURE, nph., lililingi ll bolalaka; vph., lala lililingi
lt
CARNAL, dph., na bosuni.
knowledge, n., bokwani,
CARNALITY, ., bosum.
CAROUSE, vs., langasana.
CARPENTER, ., mobongb 1 I, kapinda i.
bench of, nph., cpbmba e mo
bongb.
CARPET, ///'//., elamba e litbko ;
.,kapeta (Eng.) 3.
CARRIAGE, /y///., ekolelaebibwele.

CARRIER, ., monyanyi.
CARROT, ., kalbta(Eng.) 3.
CARRY, vt., nyanya, memo (beta,
betbla).
away (of a torrent), vt., yukbla.
(by a sling), vt., swatela; ind.,
swata.

level, vph. , nyanya tandi.

(on hip), vt., tengia [tengeme,
tinge] ; /'///. , sella b ekili.
nn pole, vph., nyanya mobbngolokb.
out or through (instructions), vt.,
baka; i-<., silisa.
CART, n., ekblela (e bibwele).
CARTILAGE, ., montulu, lotulu.
CARTRIDGE, ., eyele 3.
blank, nph., eyele e me'ya mitongb.
shell or case, ii., loseba, eposb,
loposb.
CARVE, vt., senge.
(meat), vt., sese.
CASE (box), ., nkobe.
(occurrence), use derivative of
time of the verb.
of cartridge, . , loseba, loposb.

CAREFUL-CASSA

CASE (continued).
(sheath), ., lilako.
(of type), //., bbnzb.
in case of, use conj. , kani or soko, followed by the purportive
form of the verb, or use merely
the purportive of the verb ; e.g.,
take an umbrella incase of rain,
kwaka lingembwa kani
mbula notbmba, or soko
mbula notbmba, or mbula
notbmba.
CASH, ///''/.. mosolb mb bosold.
down, ind., sika-sika; ., bosolo.
CASHIER, nph., mobateli d mosolo.
CASK, . , enzenze, ezenze.
large, ., moboma; nph., enze
nze e ngbmb.
CASSAVA, various kinds of, lingato, nyongili, mongbbele ;
(very bitter) bolongbnkblo ;
(sweet) motwaiie.
bush or stick, //., mondange.
bush of, showing signs of matur
ity, ., ebunza.
field, nph. , nkuba e biula.
leaf, young, ., lonzikb.
leaf, ., engunza; col., mangunza.
root, ., eyula [pl., biula (biyula)], (ewula).
roots, size of finger, nph., biula
bi masangu.
roots, immature, nph., biula bi
minyeke.
roots, mature, nph. , biula bibkbkbla.
root left long in ground, n., mowb.
root dug up, but not yet steeped,
n., mobola.
mibola peeled and dried, . ,
mpiampika.
mibola boiled, cut up and steeped
over night, ., nceba.
mibola skinned and then steeped,
//., libeya.
mibola after being steeped in an
ebele 3 or 4 days, . , ntuka 6.

CASSA-CAUGHT

( 288 )

CASSAVA (continued).
ntuka with thin outer skin re
moved, and remaining skin ap
pearing very good, ., nkbmbolb.
ntuka not cut up, but boiled in a
mass, ., minguma.
ntuka steeped again after being
peeled, ., miwa-mpio.
lotuka roasted, //., mompala.
ntuka steeped, peeled, and
pressed together, ., Jiboto.
liboto crumbed roughly, ., mbalaka, mbolaka.
mbalaka kneaded, ., mposoko.
smell of mposokb while draining
in ncanga, //., eisi (eyisi).
mposokb kneaded and made into
rolls of varying length, n. ,
monkuta, limuke, lingengole, mosombb.
mposoko made up for boiling in
a mass, n. , molingako.
half-boiled inside of a molingako,
., nkeka.
molingako after boiling and
kneading made up into bread,
//., engbele (engwele); the
sobriquetfor this is elete.
hard engbele, //., ekeletu.
small engbele, n., limuke.
dry and powdery engbele, not
well kneaded, n. , mbukwa.
portions of engbele adhering to
leaf, .. elakati.
CAST, i'/. , bwaka, y lisa, ta.
(metal), vt., swa.
a winning throw in lobesi, vph.,
tallsa lobesi.
a shadow in passing, vs., yelima ; ind. , yeli-yeli.
about (scatter), vc., cakinya;
vs., oakana; ind., ca.
aside, :'///., bwaka kale.
down (sad), vs., kblololo; ind.,
kblolo, kolblu.
down to the ground, r '/// . , bwaka
ku ; /' '/. , somba.
lots, 'v/<h. , mekisa bisenzako.
off (clothes), vt., tungbla.

CAST (continued).
oneself on (some one's protection),
vl'h. , bwakela nzbto.
(skin or leaves), vt., kubbla,
kongbla.
up (reckon), n-., sekisa (sekia).
CASTAWAY, . , mobwakibwi.
CASTER (little wheel), n., lulete
(Fr.)3CASTERS (cruet), nph., mbata e
milangi.
CASTIGATE, vt., kuta, nyiba.
CASTOR and Pollux, see GEMINI.
oil, nph., mall ma licini.
CASTRATE, vph., kete mbanga,
kuba mbanga.
CASTRATED creature, . , mokube.
CASUAL,^*//., na mpwese ; aph.,
se bbngo.
CAT, n. , ngampango.
pet name of, ., monyble.
wild, //., montula, monkono.
CATALEPSY, n., nca.
CATARACT, n., bweta, maba 8.
eye suffering with, vs., pelwa,
tengwa, temwa, kalima.
CATARRH, suffer with, vph., ybka
mokbkbtb.
CATASTROPHE, . , libiu.
CATCH, vt., tamba.
again, throw and, vph., bwaka
pelele.
disease, vph., yamba bokbno,
yambetela bokbno.
fish, vt., solo.
in snare, vt., kanga.
with crook, ;-/., kobila ; ind.,
kobi-kobi.
with hook, vt., basa, lobo.
CATER for, v/.,yokolo; n., moyokoli.
CATERPILLAR, edible, ., monkongb (lonkongb).
Various
kinds are llgbu, lombwambul1, nkiankila.
non-edible, n., ebambi. Various
kinds are ndindisa-mintblu,
enca, lisangolankema.
CATTLE, nph. , bibwele bi ncaka.
CAUGHT fast, ind., lunge,
in passing, vs. , yukama.

CAUL-CHARGE
CAUL, n., lobobe.
CAULIFLOWER, ., supulu(Fr.) 3.
CAULK, vph., sina ntutu.
CAULKING material, ., mototo,
ntutu.
CAUSE, ., etondb, ewela, mobel6, ntina.
forensic, ., libanza.
CAUSELESSLY, use derivative of in
congruity to give this idea ; e.g. ,
he did it causelessly, aikeli
ekelakela.
CAUTIOUS, vs., longangala ; vph.,
lombisa wa-wa ; ind. , wa-wa.
CAUTIOUSLY, go, vph., ke bolombisa.
CAVE, ., molombb.
CAVIL, vph., bekolo bibekolobekblb.
CAVITY, //. , mpbsbad.
CEASE, vin., bendo.
to exist, vs., ainana.
CEILING, //l'h., etando e ndako.
CELEBRATE, vap., yembela.
CELEBRITY, nph., moto d liimu.
CELESTIAL, ., bolikolo.
CELIBACY, ., bondenga.
CELL (cavity), ///., mpbsbad eke.
(prison), nph., llsbko ll okambela.
CELLAR, nph., nce elonga e nda
ko.
CEMENT, ., ebandemela.
CEMETERY, ., mancongo 8. [le.
CENOTAPH, nph., liyebisa ll llweCENSURE, vt., banza.
CENT., per, to give this meaning
construct sentence on thefollow
ing model / I will give you 20
per cent., nakbkope nzakia
makwabale - makwabale b
monkama-monkama.
CENTAGE, per, nph. , nzakia ll miCENTIGRAMME, centilitre, centi
metre, see METRIC system.
CENTIPEDE, . , mole-mbila.
CENTRE, ., ntei, ntantci.
of sore or abscess, nph., llso ll
mpbta.
of gravity, ., ntei, ntante'i.

CEREMONY, ., lltanda.
CERTAIN, ind., nyomeni.
CERTAINLY not, inter, adv., etb ?
CERTIFY, vc., kendlsa.
CERTIFICATE, ., ekendisela.
CHAFE, vt., kula.
CHAFF, vt., kengolo ; ,, , llkengwa.
(of grain), ii.. mposb, eposb.
CHAIR, ., ngwende, ekili, mbnta.
arm, nph., ngwende e maboko.
rocking, /////.. ngwende e bomongana.
deck, nph., ngwende e botutuma.
CHAIRMAN, //.. mosekisi.
CHALK, ., eyengo.
CHALKY, ind., kbkb.
CHALLENGE, vt., bianga.
in gaming, vt. , beta.
CHAMBER, ., llsbko.
utensil, ., eboko.
CHAMPION, ., eyangi.
CHANCE (accident), ., mpwese.
(opportunity), . , nongo, epose
(eposa, eposl).
come by, vp//., ya se bbngo.
CHANGE, vt., yenza, sobinya.
cloth into money, vph., bbla bilamba b mosolo.
nature of a thing in the direction
of hardening, strengthening,
etc., vt., yelbla; vs., yelwa.
one's mind, ;"/'//.. yenza molbko.
CHANGEABLE, vs., bblangana, bblbngana; ind., bblongo.
CHANGELESS, vph., senga boyenzi.
CHANNEL, //., mosinga.
CHAOS, ., mobulungand.
CHAOTIC, vs., bulungana.
CHAPTER, n., lokakola.
CHAR, vt., totolo, lilbla.
CHARACTER, ., mombbto.
CHARCOAL, //., bwala, zalaka.
CHARGE (criminally), vt., banza;
vc. , banzisa ; // . , libanza,
mbanzo.
against enemy, ., ntoko ; vph.,
bila ntoko.
U

CHARGE-CHILDISH

( 290)

CHARGE (continued).
(of powder), //., ekindo.
(of powder), small, ., epa.
measure for (of powder), .,
ecwe.
vehemently (to do), vph. , sikisa
kilo-kilo; v/., kilbla.
with bewitching, vt., tubbla.
with selfishness, i///., pe biyu.
CHARIOT, /////., ekblela 6 bibwele.
CHARITY, //., bobbto, likabo;
a/'h. , makabo ma molika.
CHARM, ., bonganga, ..,,' also
FETISH.
CHARMING, ,////., na bompala.
CHARRED wood, //., zalaka.
CHASE, ,-, ., bengisa; //., mobengo.

violently, vc., pupisa.

CHASM, /////., lobokti lb ntbngu.
CHASTE, vs., petwa, cecwa, cemwa, cocwa.
CHASTISE, vt., kuta.
CHASTITY, ., bopetwi.
CHAT, vin., mo.
CHATTER, vs., ybkbtana.
(of teeth), vs., tulana; ind.,
ngbe-ngbe.
CHEAP, buy, vt., bebolo ; ., libebblb.
CHEAT, zz/.,.kutela.
CHECK, .-. . , simbisa ; i'/. , sukela,
yika ; /- . , simbama ; . ,
esimbisela.
one's feelings, / ///. , sabola moi.
passion, vt., yaba, seka.
receive an unexpected, vs., bokumwa.
CHEEK, <?., lltama.
dimpled, ///., lltama enge-

kete.
hollow, ii,'"'/.. lltama motatalu.
large, nph. , lltama bukukalu.
(impudence), ., nganya, loma
[/>/., nzoma].
CHEER (make happy), vc., biokisa.
(salute), vt., somola.
CHEERED, vph., b/itwa esengo.
CHEERFULNESS, ., molbnzo.
CHEESE, ., oisl (Eng.) 3.

CHEMISE, ., oimisi (Eng.) 3.

CHERISH, vt., batela.
CHEST (box), ., nkobe.
(breast), //. , litbl6, bo1bld.
of drawers, nph., liboko ll nko
be.
CHEW, vt., nyamuta, yengc ;
'v///., ta munya.
(as sheep), vc., yenginya.
CHEWED refuse, ., monkambi.
CHIEF, n., mokonzi; /////., moball d mbbka, ebali e mboka.
become, //'//., labwa mokonzi,
tuka bokonzi.
uncrowned, . , eswama.
compound of, . , lobbloko,
ekate.
CHIEFTAINSHIP, ., bokonzi.
CHIGOE, //., eyanzi, lokisb, lokusu.

CHILD, ., mwana.
born on a journey, n.col., miluka.
born after twins, //., moyikola
n.
first-born, ///"'?., mwana 6 bdsb.
last-born, nph., mwana o ntandu.

still-born, i/., etul/.

elder, nph., mwana d mpbmba
<)/- d botaki.
younger, nph., mwana d elo-

nge.
-hood, ., bomwana ; ph., nani
busa ntongo.
of slave parents, ./.. mbotcla.
This ng,mc is also applitd when
one of the parents is a slave.
walking, but still unweaned, .,
mpou 5.
youngest of all, ., montika 1 1.
orphan, ., etiki; nph., mwa
na d bompenza.
only, nph., mwana d mpenza.
illegitimate, .'//'//... mwana d
bondenga.
legitimate, nph., mwana d libal,i.
CHILDBEARING, ., libbta.
CHILDISHNESS, ., bompou.

291 )

CHILL, ., mpio.
feel, ,-///.. kutela mpio.
in fever, feel, vph., ybka nzbto
bilo-bilo.
CHIMNEY, nph., nzela e nclumbele, mongenzu mb ndumbele.
CHIMPANZEE, ., esumbii.
CHIN, n., cboku.
part under, //. . eleleku.
CHIP, ., epalo, epasb.
out, /-/., pekolo.
CHIPPED edge of earthenware, .,
epuku, epekb, epekoli.
CHISEL, . , mokclo, ncendb,
ebundu.
cold, ///. , mokelo mb mpio.
firmer, ///., mokelo mb lolileli.
gouge, nph., mokelo mblibbku.
mortising or socket, nph., mokelo mb mabela.
CHOICE, ., basoli.
CHOKE, /x, kibitana, kibabala.
(with food), -.'in., kaba ; v<., kabisa.
(throttle), vc., zatinya.
CHOKY, 'fin., kiba; iiid., kibe.
CHOOSE, vt., solo.
CHOP up into many pieces, vph.,
kete bi-bi, cece ce-ce or
kwi-kwi.
CHOPPER, ., eceeinginyi.
CHORUS (to native song), . ,
eyano.
(to Christian hymn), ., bokibisi.
(part singing), nph., boyembi
bb boputano.
CHRIST, ., Masiya, sing. i ; //.
8CHRISTIAN, dph., Ombe-Maslya
<// ' O-Masiya.
CHRISTMAS day, nph., ncono e
mpbtb.
CHRONICLE, vph., >ono bilembe
nasonga.
CHRONOLOGY, nph., bosekisi bilembe.
CHRYSALIS, n., lbto, onkoto,
onkbkbto.
CHUBBY, ind., tomu-tomu.

CHILL-CIRCUM

CHUCK, ., cuki (Kng.) 3.

CHUCKLE, vph., zokc bolo-bolo.
CHUM, ., mwambbka 2, esokn.
together, vin., seka.
CHURCH (congregation), ., lingbmba.
mba.
(building), nph., ndako e lingomember, ///. , mosl lingbmba.
CHURL, ., molbkoli.
CHURLISH, /'/., lbkbla.
CHURLISHNESS, ., ndbkb.
CICATRIX, ., lokoma.
the face severely, vph., kalinginya elongi.
various kinds of, . , liyolo, ekwende, ngolblb, ekbmbb, mondende.
CIGAR, /////.. likaya ll mongolo.

CINDER, ., etitingi.
CIPHER (figure), ., mpamba.
CIRCLE, //., likenga.
of lobesi players, . , ngala.
of persons, . , lilinga.
CIRCUITOUS,^., yumba (wumba)
[yumbama, yumba, yumbe],
ybkia [ybkome, ybko] ; n.,
bblinginya, bblonginya ; . ' - . ,
bblangana, bblbngana.
CIRCULAR, vs., yblongene.
CIRCULATE, vs., bibngana, ca
bana, kblbngana, kolangana, nyengana.
news, i///., tambwisa noango
or mikblb.
(of smoke), vs., tutwa.
CIRCUMCISE, vph., kete ngenga
[passive phrase, ketibwa
ngenga], this is preferred hefare the bald phrases kete
mosutu or monoume.
CIRCUMCISED person, nph., moketibwi ngenga, moto d nge
nga.
CIRCUMCISION, nph., boketibwi
ngenga.
CIRCUMFERENCE, nph., bozbngani
bb likenga.
CIRCUMSCRIBE, vt., zonga ; ind.,
zb, zbngb.
CIRCUMSPECT, vs., longbbana ;
., elbnga.

CIRCUM-CLENCH

( 292 )

CIRCUMSTANCE, ., zambi.
CIRCUMVENT, vc., ketinya; vph.,
kallsa nongo.
CISTERN, //l'h., ndungu e linza-

nza.
CITIZEN, .-//'//., mosi etuka, mosi
ekanga.
CITRON, n., lilala.
CITY, ., ekanga.
CIVIL, vin., kongele ; vph., le-

ngele mbekb.
CIVILITY, ., bokbngeli.
CIVILIZE, vc., longibinya.
CLAIM (payment), vt., yinda,
yula.
performance of duty, vt., bianga.
CLAIRVOYANT, render eyes, vph.,
kalamiso.
CLAMOUR, vap., wela, belela ;
vt., yokbla, zokbla ; .. lokuku, loyoko.
CLAMP, ;-/., yika ; //., moikako
(moyikako).

CLANDESTINENESS, ., elele.
CLANG, vs., belengene.
CLAP, vt., bete with the following
words denoting various styles
of clapping, libubu, losako,
epakata, lingenge, Usaka,
likoto.
hands in throwing mbesi, .-///..
kbba mbesi, koba likoto.
of thunder, ., nkake.
CLARIFY,_ vc., kengisa; iin/., ke-

ngelele.
CLASH, vs., bengene, tekene,
cekene, ngondwa, bambana.
CLASP, vt., bbka, bumba; ini/'.,
bu.

(buckle), ., ekokila.
person round body, vt. , bimbita.
tightly, /., yika.
CLASS (kind), n., lolenge, lokbla,
lollmo.

(in school), ., etuluku.

CLASSIFY, vph., kakola lolenge.
CLAVICLE, ., ebabu.
CLAW, ., lonzali.
CLAY, ., masotu 8, manuka 8,
biondo 4.

CLAY (continual).
various kinds of, ., lileba, booma, zeka, zetaka, eyotu.
soft, .//.. miboku.
CLEAN, vt., petolo, cemolo, cecolo, cocbla; i'.., petwa, co
mwa, cecwa, cocwa ; iuij. ,
mpwe-mpwe
[pl., mpiempie].
entrails, vph. , bwa mincobo.
finger nails, sokoto nzali.
off paint, vt., kolbla.
(a pipe), vt., yosbla.
CLEANNESS, n., bopetwi.
CLEANSE, vt., petolo, cemolo,
cecolo, cocbla.
(by blowing), vt., pupbla.
(by flooding), vt., yukbla.
opening in palm tree for freer
flow of wine, vt. , senge.
CLEANSING, ., bopetoli.
CLEAR, ndj. , mpwe-mpwe [//.,
mpie-mpie] ; ///./., polele,
pole, yetete.
away (mist), vt., tendolo.
get, V..., puswa, tungwa.
not (in sound), ind., popo.
(of meaning), vin., pima, pbla

(bima).
(of sky or vision), vs., yetwa.
(of water), ind., kengelele.
(polished brass), i-.. poibana ;
ind., pbi-poi.
(space in forest), vph., kakola
zamba.

(the throat), vt., yaka.

(vision), vt., tendolo.
to the understanding, ind., nasonga.
CLEARING in forest for gardens, .,
likwete, nkakb.
CLEAVE, vt., palbla.
path through forest, vt. , kala
nzela.
water (of fish), vt., bwete ; .,
libweti.

CLEFT, ., monkaka.
CLEMENCY, ., bobbto.
CLENCH fist, vph., yumba liboto.
teeth, vph., yika mind, yimba
mine.

293
CLEPTOMANIA, nph., mpbsa c
yiba poi-poi.
CLERK, n., mosoni.
CLEVER, vin., yele ; vc., yellsa.
CLEVERNESS, n. , mayele, bwanya; nph., mutu mo sali,
mutu mokou.
CLICK (palatal), not reckoned
abusive, n., elosi ; vph. , ta
elosi.
(guttural) and reckoned abusive,
vt., cokula, sokula : //..
ncoku.
a gun in cocking, vt. , buna; vs.,
bunya ; /// Y. , ke, te.
(of snapping), n. , mbenzu ; ind.,
kwakata.
(of fingers on back of other hand),
ii., ndondi.
CLIFF, ., mobenga, esbngb.
steep, aph.. mobenga mo
bongosonu or ngbnzbnzb.
CLIMATE, ., lolenge, lokbla,
lolimo.
CLIMAX, n., bosuku.
CLIMB, vt., bata.
with sling, vph., bata na molangb.
without sling, vph. , bata nkota.
clinging to tree, vph. , bata sa
mba.
CLINCH, vph., netele boyumbaka ; /-/. , kobila.
CLING, vs., kateina; ///7. .kata.
CLIP off, vt., kulb'la.
CLITORIS, ., monongi.
CLOCK, n.cohl., ncbsb, likanga;
n., lolonzi (K. ).
CLOD, ., ebukutu.
CLODDED soil on feet, nph., masbtu mbombb.
CLOG (of dirt), vt., lakia [lakema, laka |.
CLOSE, put, vt., bumbia [bumbama, bumba], bbmbia
[bbmbama, bomba] ; , ' - . ,
beleme fbele] (beseme) ; i v. ,
belemisa (bese) ; i'/., banza
[bandema, banda] ; ///./. ,
bamu.
to, nph., zblo na munya.

CLEPTO-CLOTH

CLOSE (continued\.
to ground, vph., betetele (beteto | na nce.
together, v.-., kibabala, kubabala ; /// /. , bamu.
together (of people), vs. , baCLOSED, but not barred (of door),
vt., yekia [yekeme, yoke);
vs., yendeme.
but seeing (of eyes), vs., tunyangana.
CLOSET (private room), nph.,
llsbko ll kila.
(\\ .('.), bonkombo, bonkondi.
CLOSING of stream with a weir,
//., ndibo.
CLOT of blood, nph., ebuki e
malbngb, mobdnda mb malbngb.
CLOTH, ., elamba.
old, ., monyengu.
of palm fibre, n.pl. , nto 6.
ditto of various texture, . , moketu, minketo, likinda.
figured red baize, n., ngaminoni.
blue baft, //., mpili.
ditto, corded, nph., mpili e
ngbmb.
ditto, thin, nph., mpili ek'eke.
red baft, ., like.
striped baft, //., likbka.
blue and white prints, . , nkanga.
blue and yellow striped, .,
mpana.
flannelette, n., monkoko.
striped, //., embuni.
trade handkerchiefs, ., lipulunkoi.
turkey red, n., like.
white spotted blue print, .,
likeme.
white baft, //.. mbenza.
oxford check, ., mbende.
savedlist, red, nph., nkamba
etelu.
ditto, blue, nph., nkamba eyindo.
open fibred, ., monyanga.
methods of wearing, n., enta,
lipulele, ezbmo, mola, libe

CLOTH-COHAB

( 294 )

CLOTH (continued).
nge, llpepele, ekene, llngbanda (lingwanda), bongeke, monkate, mbendoli,
ntebelc, monoanga, llmputa,
lipopela.
hanging down from place where
tied, n. , lilembo.
woman's fringed, . , likasi.
less than a fathom, ., mompa.
strip of, //., mondendi.
for tray, nf//., elamba e enyanyela.
CLOTHE, vc., swisa [vin., swa];
vt. , subia [subama, suba].
CLOTHED so that clothes drag on
the ground, vs., putangana.
CLOTHES, .//., bilamba.
horse, nph. , botala bo bilamba.
line, nph., mosinga mo bila
mba.
CLOTHING, excess of, ., mpunzako, ndende.
CLOUD, ., lipata.
CLOUDLESS, ind., kengelele, ule,
kulembe, kule.
CLOUDY, ind., yelo-yelo, yiloCLOVEN, vs., kabwa.
CLOWN, ., obubu.
CLOWNISHNESS, ., bobubu (balulu).
CLUB-FOOTED, dph., na likaka
mulungu.
CLUB together, vap., sangela; .,
noangela.
in which all work together and
on each individual member's
farm in turn, or in which each
member takes in turn the
whole collective earnings, .,
monkota.
of wood, //. , mpundu.
CLUCK, vs., kekene, kekele.
CLUMP of trees, ., esoko.
of palm trees, . , zelo.
of cane, . , lokaka-ngbli.
CLUSTER, vin., yinga.
CLUTCH, vt., busa, bbka, ouka,
boHo, yika; vap., busemela;
ind. , wo, biu, twi, kwaki.

CLYSTER, ., nzango, iipongi.

COAGULATE, vs., tutuma, kangana.
COAL, ., zalaka.
COALESCE, vs. , bandema [banda].
COARSE (of powder), ind., bolokobolbko, kdbdld-kobold.
COAST, ., libbngo.
COAT so that the substance put on
becomes practically part of the
thing coated, as in soldering,
vt., lipa.
(apparel), n/>h., monkoto mo
likolo.
of mail, nph., monkoto mo
mpese.
COAX, vt., lombo, bongo (kombo).
COB (maize), ., mondcsndeke,
molengetii, mokolbki. montembe, monkilili, mobombo, mokbmboloko.
COBWEB, ., lobobe.
floating, ., liya.
COCK a gun, vt., buna; vs.,
bunya ; ind. , bie, te, ke.
half (a gun), vc., telemisa ; vt. ,
wolo ; 7M-. , teleme.
(fowl), iiph., ncbso e bwele.
young, not yet able to crow,
n., noalanga.
old, ., bokoko, mpolo.
(tap), n., enono.
COCKCROW, ., lotongo.
COCKROACH, ., lopesesu.
small kind of, //. , lopenzenzu.
COCKSCOMB, . , llsumba, lokolo.
COCOA, ., koko 3.
COERCE, vt., bakikia [bakikema,
bakika] ; vc. , kaminya ; vt. ,
basa ; .-, . , kembisa, kollsa,
yellsa.
COERCION, ., nkembi, mobasako.
COFFEE, n., kape (Fr. ) 3.
grinder, nph., momulinginyi
mo kape.
COFFIN, ///. , epomba e llwelii.
COGITATE, vt., bonda.
COG-WHEEL, nph., eika 6 mino.
COHABIT, /'///.. zala mobako.

( 295 )
COHABITATION, ., mobako.
COHERE, vs., bandema; in,l.,
banda.
COIL, -'t., linga [lingama, li
nga].

(twist), n., lingoti,

(of w<re, etc.), ., nkata.
COIN, n., palata, 3.
COINCIDE, vs., singana.
COLD, vin., nina ; vph., ybka
mpio, ybka nzbto biu-biu.
be very, vph., kutela mpio.
in head, have, vph., ybka mo- ;

kokbtb.
COLDNESS, n., mpio.
icy, i/., mongei.
COLIC (said of moi), vs., kototolo.

COLLAPSE, vs., sukwa.

(house, tree), vs., bundwa.
(of sides of a hole or pit), vs.,
bukwa.

COLLAR, ., kolo (Fr.) 3.

bone, ., ekbngbngo.
iron, v., ebanga.
large brass, ., mongbmbwa,
molwa.

of horse, n. , molwa.
COLLATE, vc., ybnginya; vs., ybngana.
COLLEAGUE, nph., moninga d lotbngo, moninga d boputani.
COLLECT, vt., kunga.
(tax), vt., nyanga.
COLLIDE, vs., bambana, ngbndwa, bongwa, kumana,
bengene, cekene, tekene,
takana; ind., ngbe.
with, vt., tula.
COLLISION, nouns derived from

verbs under COLLIDE.

COLON, n., kolbno (Eng.) 3.
COLONIZE, vph., kelibonga,baka
libonga.
COLONY, n., libonga.
COLOUR, ., bokbbo ; vph., singa
bokbbo.
black, nph., bokbbd boyindo;
n., boyindo.
blue, nph. , bokbbo bb zinga;
//., bozinga.

COHAB-COME

COLOUR (continued).
crimson, nph., bokbbo bb mbndb mo nkbka, bombndb bb
nkbka.
green, nph., bokbbo bb engunza; //.. bcengunza.
purple, nph., bokbbo bb nkbka ;
., bonkbka.
red, nph., bokbbo bb mbndb ;
a., bombndb.
white, n., bokbbo bb eyingo,
bokbbo bb mpumpu ; n. ,
bceyengo.

yellow, ///.. bokbbo bb ndbbo ;

., bondbbo.
[moindo.
COLOURED man, ., moyindo,
ditto (foreigner), n., momboti 2.
ditto, who lives as a white man,
///'//. , mondele mo ndombi.
COLUMN, stone, nph., lipata ll
mabwa.
COMB, vt., kangbla, kanzbla, yasbla ; n.. nkangoli. ekanzoli,
eyasoli.

COMBAT, vph., temele esbngb.

COMBINE, vt., puta; vs., putana.
(for trade, etc ), vin., sangela.
COMBUSTION, ., boliki.
COME, vin., ya ; vap., yenela,
sometimes yela.
and go, i's., bibngana, cabana,
nyengana, kblbngana, kblangana. nyabana, lengesene.
and intend to stay over night,
vph., ya botutuma.
and intend to return same day,
vph. , ya mosumba.
apart, /-.. pandwangana.
back, vs., butwa.
down, vin., sunda.
from, vin., kuma (yuma), fol
lowed by prep. b.
into view, vs. , lundwa.
near, vs., beleme (beseme)
[bele].
out (as handle out of socket), vs.,
ybngwa ; vt. , ybngbla.
out bright (of sun), vin., bala,

kangwa (kanga).
out of hiding, vs., kundwa.
out (to), z//'.,pima, pbla (bima).

COME-COMPEN

( 296

COME (continued).
silently, vin., longimisa.
shert of amount previously known,
vs., kbkwa.
suddenly, vs., soniwa.
to light, vs., kuswa, lomwa ;
vt., lbmbla; vc., lbmwisa.
to be, vin. , used in present tense
form only, ka (aka).
to a conclusion, vc., sekisa.
to mind, vph. , ya b molbko.
together, ,-... , takana, ybngana,
kumana, ngbndwa, bengene,
bambama.
together and give no further room,
:''/'a., kama.
up (with person followed), vs.,
kulana.
COMFORT, ,-/.,bondo; ., bobondi, libondi.
COMFORTABLE, vin., komo; vc.,
komisa.

COMFORTER, n. , mobondi.
COMIC, <////., na biseso.
COMING at a fortunate time, the
person coming speahs of it as
libaku, ///<' people whom he
joins describe it as lipoma.
too early or before right time, .,
mpweme ; in./. , cwe.
COMMA, ., kbma (Eng.) 3.
COMMAND, vt., sakbla;,,. , sikisa.

vehemently or imperatively, vph.,

silcisa kilo-kilo; ,-/., kilbla.
COMMANDMENT, ., mosikiso.
COMMEMORATE, vt., yindbla (yinzbla).

COMMENCE, .-/., banda, bakbla.

COMMENCEMENT, n., mabandela
8.

at very, ///., yambo nconco.

COMMEND, vc., kakisa, yeya (sekinya).

COMMENT, vc., pbllsa, pimisa.

COMMERCE, . , mombbngo.
COMMERCIAL transaction, ., mo
mbbngo.
COMMISSION, nph., mai ma nkai.
COMMIT (do), vt., kela.
(deliver), vt., sembbla.

COMMODE, nph., ngwinde e mokblb.

COMMODIOUS, dph., na mpula U
nongo.
COMMON (inappropriate for special
purpose), ndj., lobbngb-lobbngo.
(public), <////., na esanyange.
folk, aph., ba mie-mie.
fund or stock, //., mbunga.
to all, this matter is common to all,
zambi liye linga bmbe banco.
COMMOTION (noise), ., lokuku.
(disturbance), ., ekbkele.
in water, vin., bunza ; vc. , bunzisa.
COMMUNICATE (give), vt., pe,
kaba.

(tell), 'vt., sakbla.

COMMUNION, ., boputani.
hold, vs., putana.
COMPACT, vt., puta.
COMPANION, nph., ebunga elbngo.
COMPANIONSHIP, ., botbnga.
COMPANY, ., etbnga, ebemba.
travelling, n., elbngo.
go in a, vph., bunga elongo.
COMPARATIVELY, use the adv.
mwa before noun denoting
quality.
COMPARE, vc., singinya, sbnginya ; vs. , singana, sbngana.

COMPASS (surround), vt., xonga;

iiu/., zb, zbngb.
magnetic, ., biiso (Fr.) 3.
pair of, ., kompa (Fr. ) 3.
COMPASSION, ., molika.
have, v/'//. , ybka molika.
COMPEL, vt., bakikia [bakikema,
bakika] ; vc. , kaminya.
(attention to, law, work, etc.),
vc., bakisa.
COMPELLED, vs., kelele, lendandala, bendendala, tema-

mala; vs., kelisa; ///,/., kelelu, bendende.

COMPENSATE, vt., yuta ; vap., yutela.

for present, vph. , yenza nzenza.

COMPENSATION, ., liyiita, nze
nza.

( 297 )
COMPETE, vc., bi
COMPETENT, vin., koka, komo.
COMPLACENCY, ., bolingo.
COMPLAIN, vin., tiya ; vs., tiyabana.
to, i'/., sambisa.
COMPLETE, vin., sila, ye, koka;
vs., kolongono [kolongo],
molongono [molongo] ; ;' '. '. ,
sillsa ; ind. , wa, nye.
payment, vph., kete mokele.
(of number), vin. , kiba.
COMPLETION of payment, ., mo
kele.
COMPLEX, vs., lingatana, kangatana.
COMPLICATE, vc., lingitinya, kakitinya, yungitinya ; vs. ,
lingatana, kakatana, yungatana, yungutana.
COMPLIMENT, vc., kakisa, yeya
(sekinya).
COMPLIMENTS (greetings), .//.,
miseso.
COMPLY, vin., yimisa.
COMPOSE (originate), vt., tuba.
(type), vc., temlsa.
COMPREHEND, vt., yeba, ybka.
COMPRESSED, vin., kiba ; ind.,
kibe; vs., kibatana, kibabala.
COMPRESSION, ., ekiba.
COMPULSORY, vs., Uindandala,
temamala, bendendala, kelele.
COMPUNCTION, ., nkasa.
COMPUTE, vc., sekisa (sekia).
COMRADE, nph., ebunga elongo.
CONCAVE, make, vt., yokia [yokeme, ybko].
CONCAVITY, n., libbku.
CONCEAL, vt., bbmba, pbto.
CONCEALED, vs., bititala, kututala; in,l, bititi, kututu.
CONCEDE, vt., yamba; vin., yi
misa.
CONCEIT, ., losai, eyengi.
CONCEITED, vph., kakisa nzbto.
CONCEIVE (become pregnant), vph. ,
ka zemi, wele moi, kula
moi.

COMPETE- CONDONE

CONCEIVE (continued).
(in mind), .-, .. kanisa.
get power to, vin. , puka ; .
lipnka.
CONCEPTION, ., zemi.
(idea), ., bokanisi.
CONCERN (fear), n., nkasa, lokeketi.
(business), //., zambi.
CONCERNED, vs., tungatunga;
ind., tungatunga.
about, vt., paka.
about (a person), vph., ybkela
lokeketi.
CONCERNING, ////., zambi ll, na
ntina c.
CONCILIATE, vt., bondo.
CONCILIATORY offering, ., mbondi.
CONCLUDE, vc., tindlsa, sukisa.
CONCLUSION, ., matindisa 8,
mbisa, bosuku.
CONCLUSIVE, make, vc., sillsa.
CONCOCT (mix), vc., eobinya.
(invent), vt., tuba, bota.
CONCORD, vs. , bembana ; vc.,
bembisa.
CONCOURSE, ., etalo.
CONCRETE things, nph., xninubi
ma ndanda.
CONCUBINE, n., bopika.
CONCUPISCENCE, . , bongondb.
CONCUR, vin., yimisa.
CONDEMN, vc., kitisa; vp., kitibwa ; ;"/.. kita; //., ekita.
CONDEMNATION, smear mark on
body as a sign of, vph. , singa
mombili.
CONDENSE, vin., nina.
CONDESCEND, vs., sbkeme ; ind.,
soke.
CONDIMENT, vph., ekela noai.
CONDITION (kind), ., lolenge,
lokbla, loliiuo.
(position), n., nongo, epose
(eposa, eposi).
(stipulation), ., mobengo.
impose, vt., benga ; vph., yakia
zambi.
CONDOLE with, vc., tabinya.
CONDONE, vt., sabola.

CONDUCT-CONSPIR

( 298 )

CONDUCT (to), vt., kamba, tbmba.

to end of journey, vc., suklsa.
(a palaver), vc., sekisa.
CONE, //., mosbmbo.
CONFAB, ., limoi.
CONFEDERACY, likulu, liboko.
CONFEDERATE, vs., putana.
person, !/l'h., mome ndando
yoko na.
CONFER (give), vt. , pe.
title, vc., tomisa.
(talk together), vrec., lobasana ;
-,'l'l/., yanga libuli.
CONFERENCE, ., libuli.

CONFESS, vt., yobolo, sakbla.

acquaintance with a person, vt.,
bandbla.
fully, vph., kubbla mambi.
mutually, vrec., ybbwasana.
to one's deeds, vph. , yobolo or
bbla nzbto.
CONFIDE, vph. , sunda molbko.
CONFIDENT, vph., yeba polele,
kenda molbko, kendlsa mo
lbko.
CONFIDENTIAL matter, nph.,
zambi ll bobbmbana.
CONFINE, vt., kakia [kakema,
kaka]; vs., kelele, yelele ;
vc., kellsa, yellsa; ind.,
yelelu, kelelu.
CONFINED, person or creature re
cently, ., bwalekele.
CONFIRM, vc., kendisa ; vp.,
kendibwa.
CONFISCATE, vt., yosolo, kwakbla.
CONFLICT, ., etumba.
be in, .-,"//. , temene esbngb.
CONFLUENCE, n., ncanga, matakanela.
CONFORM to, vt., tosa.
CONFOUND, vc., bulunginya ; vs. ,
bulungana.
CONFUSE, see CONFOUND [bulb.
(of eyes), ind., zb, zbngb, bulo(of speech), ind., zobo-zobo;
colq. , enkoso ; vi//. , zobo ; vc. ,

zobisa.
CONFUSING, vs., kakatana, yungatana, yungutana.

CONFUTE, vc., kitisa.

CONGEAL, vs., ngindandala, bitatala, kandana, tutuma ;
vin., yipa.
CONGO State Government, ., Mbo-

lamatale.
country, nph., monce mb BTbolamatale.
CONGRATULATE, vt. , sanzbla.
CONGRATULATORY gift on recovery,
., mosangb.
CONGREGATE, vs., ybngana; vc.,
ybnginya.
CONGREGATION, n., lingbmba.
CONICAL twist of leaf, ., etotbkb,
mototb.
CONJECTURE, vt., conya (sonya).
CONJOINTNESS, n., likulu, ndando.
CONJUGAL matter, nph., zambi ll
bobalani.
CONJURE, vt., lemolo.
CONJURING, . , ndemo, ndemwa.
CONNECT, vt., ouca; ind., cuceouce.
CONNECTION, .//., macucela.
CONNIVE at, vt., poto.
CONQUER, vt., ngendolo; vph.,
loka bokbti, pita wi.
CONSCIENCE, nph., bososoli bo
molbko.
CONSCIOUS of, vt., yeba.
become, vs., yumwa.
CONSECRATE, vt., bulla [bulama,
bule].
CONSECRATEDNESS, ., bobulami.
CONSECRATION, ., bobulil.
CONSENT, vin., yimisa.
CONSIDER, vc., kanisa, simwinya.
CONSIDERABLE distance or time,
gone, .'in., sole.
CONSIGN, vt., sembbla.
CONSIST, vp., kelibwa; vph., nga
na.
CONSOLE, vc., tabinya.
CONSOLIDATE, vph., putinya na
ndando yoko.
CONSPICUOUS, vs., tambambala.
CONSPIRACY, ., boyangelt

299

CONSPIRE- CONTRA

CONTAGIOUS, vin., yambetisela.

disease, /////., bokono bb yambetela.
catch, vt., yambetela.
CONTAIN, use the prep. na with the
verb to be.
CONTAMINATE, vc., sumbisa ; vs.,
sumbana.
CONTEMN, vt., bingbla.
CONTEMPLATIVE, vs., ngondondolo.
CONTEMPT, ., bobingbli, ebingbli.
treat with, vt., bingbla.
CONTEMPTUOUS, vin., nuya.
CONTEND, vs., kasakasa ; vin.,
buna.
CONTENT, dph. , na molbko sutu,
sutu b molbko ; i-/''/-, sunda
molbko sutu.
CONTENTIOUS person, //., mbngbmioko i.
CONTENTIOUSNESS, ., monkei,
monteti, moloboto, mobala.
CONTEST, vc., bunisa; . , bobuniai.
CONTIGUOUS, ind. , bamu, banda.
CONTINUAL, ind., ki, kia-kia.
CONTINUE, vin., bika; ind., ki;
vs., ngenzenzele.
[kela.
CONTINUITY, ., lobiko, mabiin laughter, , molika.
CONTORT, vc. , yotwinginya ; vs. ,
yotwangana.
CONTRACT (lessen), vs., katatala.
(name price), vt. , tuya.
bind by, ,-/.. bengbla; ., mbengu.
CONTRACTOR, n., motuyi.
CONTRADICT, vph. , le or yisa
mwclo ; .- '/. , tbna, bekolo.
CONTRADICTION, ., mwele.
of a previovis statement, speak,
. ' .. kalangana.
CONTRADICTORY, vs., tbnasana.
(spend), vc., wolinginya ; vs., CONTRARY, vph. , tome ngendo,
wolbngana ; ind. , wo-wo.
teme esbngb.
(swallow), vt., mina.
answer, vs., bekolo ; ., mbekb.
utterly, vph. , le biiibu.
to advice, acting, lolanga.
CONTACT, _in, vt., banza [bandetowards, act, vt., momolo, intima, banda].
nbla.

CONSPIRE against, vap., yangela.

CONSTABLE, nph., nkengi-nambemba.
CONSTANCY, ., lobiko.
CONSTANT, ind., kia-kia.
CONSTANTLY on the move, vs.,
mwatangana.
CONSTELLATION, nph. , lltanda ll
mioto.
Southern Cross, vph., nabunyi
ekill na nkanzu ll boboi.
Milky Way, nph., nzela e
mpela na mwanga.
Orion's Belt, nph., nkai ncato.
ditto and Sirius, nph., basato
na mbwa.
Pleiades, nph., bangbndb ncambo.
Gemini, nph., basebi babale
(Castor and Pollux) na ncendb.
others heard of but not yet iden
tified, ., eyotb, moto mo bonzbkii, tole, lobblbkb lb
nkumba, mombenzele.
CONSTIPATE, vc., kindlsa; vs.,
kindana.
CONSTRAIN, vt., bakilda [bakikema, bakika] ; lIC., kaminya.
CONSTRAINED, vs., lendandala,
bendendala, temamala, kelele |iv-., kellsa ; ///,/.. kelelu].
CONSTRICTED, vs., bosana, kototolo [kototo].
CONSTRUCT, vt., yanga, kela.
a dam, -'/>//.. yuka mobbka.
CONSULT, vph., loba na; vrec.,
lobasana.
(ask advice), vt. , luka.
CONSULTATION, ., bolobasani.
CONSUME (eat), vt., le.
(destroy), vc., sinlsa; vs., si-

CONTRI-CORPU

CONTRIBUTE, vt., takbla.

CONTRIBUTION, ., ntakb.
to funeral ceremonies, ., nkundl
CONTRITE, ;-///., kibitana na
ma.wa, kibabala na mawa.
CONTRIVE (plan), vt., yanga.
(do), vt., kela.
(invent), vt., tuba.
CONTROL, vt., simbisa.
(govern), vt., kbnga.
oneself, ;-///., yiketela.
CONTROVERSY, n. , mwele.
CONTROVERT, vph., le or yisa
mwele.
CONUNDRUM, nph., ece e bobwakana.
CONVALESCE, vs., kbswa.
CONVALESCENT, vs., tengeme
[tinge].
CONVENE, vc., ybnginya; vs.,
ybngana.
CONVENIENCE, place of sanitary,
//., bonkondi, bonkombb.
CONVENIENT, vs., longbbana.
CONVERGE, vs., takana.
CONVERSATION, ., lisolb.
CONVERSE, v., solola.
CONVERT, zV., zengbla, bbngbla ;
vs., zengwa, bbngwa.
CONVEY, vt., kamba, tbmba.
CONVICT, vc., lbmwisa; vs., lbmwa ; vp. , lbmwibwa.
CONVINCE, vc., yambisa; vt.,
yamba (for passive, con
vinced).
CONVULSED, vs., yotwangana.
(with rage), vs., kibitana, kibabala.
Coo, vin., tongo.
COOK (boil), vt., lamba.
(broil), vt., totolo.
fully, vin., be'la, ye ; vc., belisa,
yeisa.
(roast), vt., kanga.
(person), //., molambi, molamboll.
with pot for first time, vt., yungbla.
COOKING place belonging to a
chief, .. ndiika.

COOKING (continued).
pot, ., mpotb. Various kinds
are, mbeya, libelenge, likuta, likebe, motando, elenge
e motando.
COOL, vs., tili ma, limela, kututala [kututu] ; vc., tilimisa ;
ind. , ti.
COOLNESS, ., ndili.
COOP, i/., ekelisela; vs., kelele ;
',";-., kelisa.
CO-OPERATE in, vap., sangela.
COPAL gum, ., mpaka.
tree, n., mobaka.
COPING, n., moyundola (moundola).
COPIOUS, adj., -yike.
COPPER, ., mbengi.
ingot, n., engetele, monzanga,
nzanga. These were formerly
used as money, and were cast
at Manyanga, as referred to
by Mr. Bentley in the Kongo
Dictionary under " copper."
COPSE, n., esbko.
COPULATE, vin., siba; vs., kwana.
refusal to, ., bongota.
COPY, vt., sbkolo; //., esbkbli,
lltanda.
CORD, i/., mokulu, mosinga.
binding limbs, . , ekokila.
strong, made from nkinga, n. ,
mpangala.
CORDIALITY, ., monyanga.
treat with, vap. , nyangela.
CORE, //.. molbko, ntei.
CORK, ., elinda, elindb, elindwa, esinya.
(light wood), ., eyongo.
CORKSCREW, n., monyenginyi.
CORN (maize), n., llsangu.
CORNER, ., likbno.
of eye, inner, nph., ntina e
liso.
ditto, outer, /''//.. mpasa e lisb,
CORNET, //,. ncanya, tumbeto 3.
CORPOREALITY, ., bonzbto.
CORPSE, ., ebembe, ekokoi.
CORPULENCY, n., likataka, lotbto.

301
CORPULENT, vin., kata; vs., letetele | letetc].
person, very, n. , mongbukutu,
mongukutii, mongutu.
CORRECT, vc., kokinya [vs., kokana], sembia [sembama,
semba], yengibinya [.--.,
yengebene]; ///,/., nasonga,
co.

(of speech), vs., temwa.

(a child), -'/. , seka, yaba.
CORRECTNESS, ., boco.
in speech, nph. , likekete ll
loba.
CORRESPOND (in likeness), vs.,
yulana.
(write), vrec., sonosono.
CORROBORATE, vin., yimisa; vph.,
loba zambi se lokbla.
CORRODE, vin., loka ; vc., ldkisa.
CORRUGATED, vs., yutangana,
nyutangana.
CORRUGATION, ., monyuta,
monyunya.
CORRUPT, vin., seta; vs. , sumbana; ;;.. sumbisa.
CORRUPTING, n., bosumbisi.
CORRUPTION, ., bosumbano.
COSINESS, ., nyile.
COST, it. , motuya, ntalo.
COSTIVE, vin., kbta; dph., na
moi mokoti.
COSTUME, ., eswela.
COTTAGE, nph., ndako e ketetenu.
COTTON, n. , londimba.
tree (bombax), n., buma.
plant, . , mbusu (K.). Cotton
from this, jr ebusu (K.).
wool, ., eyululu, zulele [pl. ,
maulele].
COUCH, ., etuti, kuci (Fr.) 3.
COUGH, n., loketu, lokesu, lokosU, lokotu ; -'in., kosula,
kesula, ketula, kotula.
caused by anything in the throat,
n., likabi.
COULD, see ABLE.
COUNCIL, ., libuli.
COUNSEL, '///., laka; i/., lilako.

CORFU-COVER

COUNT, vt., beke, bala.

COUNTENANCE, n., elongi (elenge), ekekela.
COUNTER current, ., etula.
in lobesi, n. , lobesi.
COUNTERACT, vc., simbisa.
COUNTERFEIT, ., mbala.
COUNTERMAND, vph., boma mosikiso.
COUNTING, n. , mobeko.
COUNTLESS, ndj., llmpinga.
COUNTRY (not town), ., ese.
(not able to be flooded), .,
mokbndo.
(land), n., monce.
of white folk, ., mpbtb.
COUNTRYMAN, ., molumbc n,
molua ii.
COUPLE, 2'/. ,cuca; ind., cuce-cuce.
arrange things in couples, vph.,
lengele bilokb bibale-bibale.
COUPLING, n. , ecucela.
COURAGE, //., bonzanga, mpiko;
- 1 '/./., bobampele.
have, .-/'//. , yika mpiko.
COURT of justice, n., libanza,
mbanzo.
COURTEOUS towards, vap., kbngele.
COURTESY, n., bokongeli.
COUSIN of opposite sex, nph.,
nkana e bongbi.
of same sex, elder, nph., moyebi
d bongoi.
ditto, younger, np//. , molimi d
bongoi.
COVE, n., mosoko.
COVENANT, vt., bengbla ; .,
mbengu.
COVENANTED friend, ., ndeko i.
COVER, vt., pbto [ind., pbtb], bumbia [bumbama, bumba] ;
//., ebambo, ebumbia, clibo.
a whole space, vs., langalanga ;
in,l, langalanga.
of book, //. , elibako, eposb.
of gun, n., nkobo.
up, vt., kukia ; vs., kukama ;
///,/., kuka.
so that a thing covered is not
seen, vc., kotwisa.

COVER-CREEPING

( 302 )

COVERED, vs., pbtomo.

[ma.
with cataract (of eyesl, vs. , IcaUall over, ind., mimllimi.
with overgrowth (of path), vs.,
lombombolo.
with sores, vs., peswa.
COVERTLY, act, vs., lembalemba.
COVET, vph., nono nokwa.
COVETOUSNESS, nph., bononi bo
bokwi.
Cow, nph., ngombo e niwene.
COWARD, . , mobblu.
COWARDICE, ., bobblu ; colq.,
bobene, libalela (libale).
COWER, vs., yinama, ymanala.
COWITCH (kind of creeper), .,
esompondo.
COWRY, n., mobele.
CRAB, see CRAYFISH.
CRACK, vin., bosa; vt., bosa,
kanga, yatbla, yata ; vs.,
yatwa.
between fingers, vt., bola.
(sound), vin., bamba; vc.,
bambisa ; vs., bunya ; in,l,
Ita-ka, bie.
(small opening), ., enga, monkaka.
of gun, ii., ekindo.
of fingers when pulled, ., mototo, montonto.
of leaf burst over hollow of hand,
. , lopambb.
CRACKED article, //., ebosaki.
CRACKLE, vs., tbtwa.
CRACKLING in fire, ., motbto.
CRADLE (child's), nph., etuti e
Jjomongana.
for a steamer, ., etando.
CRAFT, //., lotbmo, mwengi.
CRAFTINESS, ., mayele.
CRAM in, vap., yinyela, kindela,
kinza.
CRAMP, //., bonyili, nkongongo.
have, vph., ybka bonyili, ybka
nkongongo.
(fasten), vt., yika.
CRANK, n., manweli (Fr.) 8.
CRAVING, ., mpongele.
CRAWL, vph., tuta bosele.
slowly, vph., nanga nyongili.

CRAWLING of cripple, ., bosele.

CRAYFISH, various kinds of, .,
likakanyanga, likuni, likati, moncanya, ncanya, llngatu.
CRAZED, vph. , kabwa lingai, bele
boswa.
CREAK, vin., tata.
CREAM, nph., mbobe ll mai ma
mabele, mpulu ll mai ma
mabele.
CREASE, vs., nyunyungana; vc^,
nyunyinginya ; n. , monyunya, monyuta.
CREATE, vc., zalisa.
a disturlrance, vt. , sukbla, kuya.
CREATURE, ., ezali, ezalibwi.
young, n. , lltulubu.
large, lokukutu.
CREDENTIAL, nph., elembo (e
monkandl).
CREDIBLE, vph., komo boyambibwi.
CREDIT, ., mombale.
his, or money due to him, mo
mbale mo yeye.
CREDITOR, nph., momene mo
mbale.
CREDULITY, ., loleso, mayeku
8.
CREDULOUS, vs., yekubana ; ind. ,
yeku-yeku.
CREED, nph., boyoboli boyambi.
CREEK, ., moliba.
end of, //., mpasa.
mouth of, n., mpimo.
CREEP, vin., kono.
up, vin., landa.
CREEPER, ., molikwa. Various
kinds of, . , bokasu, bolondo,
bonzbmbe (sap is called monzbmbe), engamba, esompondo, lokbsa, lowundola,
mombombolo, monkombe,
moseseli,
mpambangoi,
nkanga-minkole.
rubber kind, bondolinga, bo*enza, botbpe (botbbe), botbpebb-ncamba.
CREEPING (of insects), ind., nyongili.

(303)

CREST of guinea and other fowl,

., lisomba.
CRESTFALLEN, vs., kumamala.
CREVICE, ., mpbsoso, monkakn.
CREW, n., mwanda.
CRIB (animal's), n., eyalo.
of child, /1/'//.. etuti e mwana.
CRICKET, various kinds of, . ,
engengenge, eyenzekele, zenze.
game of, iil'h.. bosaiio bb botbpe.
CRIME, //., ekuna.
CRIMINAL, nph., mome ekuna.
intention towards, have, vap.,
kunela, yunela.
| ka.
CRIMSON, nph., mbndb mo nkoCRINGE, vs., ngbtwa.
with fear, v/'h., sululala na
bongo.
CRINKLE, vs., nyunyungana \vc. ,
nyunyinginya], yutangana,
nyutangana ; . , monydnya,
monyuta.
CRIPPLE, vin., lemele; ;'/., lemisa ; n., esele, molemeli.
CRIPPLED limb, ., eleme.
CRIPPLEDNESS, ., boleme.
CRISIS, /////. , bosuku bo solo.
CRISP, mn. , benge ; vc. , bengisa.
CRITERION, ., elembo.
CRITIC, n., motendi.
CRITICISE, vt., tende.
CROAK, vin., kololo.
CROCHET, vt., kobila.
CROCODILE, ., nkoli. Various
kinds are, eba, mbakela,
mbamba, ngonde, mbuku,
mole-nou, nkokele.
CROOK, ., lisoloko.
CROOKED, vs., benzengana ; ind.,
benzenge.
CROP (of produce), ., lomuka.
(of bird), n., engbki, zeta.
CROSS (vexed), vin., bele.
(a bridge), vt., nanga.
(Greek or Latin), ekulusu (K.).
wise, ///</. , zeke-yeka ; vph. ,
yekia zeke-yeka.
eye,M.,kengama[kenga]; nph.,
lisa motenganaki.

CREST-CRUMB

CROSS (continued).
(a river or stream), vs., baswa ;
vt., basola.
(a road), vt., kete; vc., ketinya.
one another's way, vrec., yekiaCROSSBREED, ., ecobo.
CROSSED in form of an X, vs., seketene (ceketene).
CROSSPIECE in native scaffold, .,
moyekiaka (mokekia, moyekwaka).
CROUCH, vs., bokakala, botabota.
CROW, n. , mpapanga ; vin. , tongo.
-bar, //., litengu.
CROWD, //., likbka, lingunda,
londou.
of sightseers, . , etalo.
into canoe beyond its capacity,
vs., longono.
things into a canoe, vt. , longo.
together, vs., yikana; vc., yikinya.
CROWDED, V-M., takuma, takubana
(iiid., taku-taku) ; ///</., kwiki-kwiki, kio-kio.
CROWDEDNESS, ., mpika.
CROWDING, vs., pullma [pulipuli] ; /int. , ngungu.
CROWDS of people, nph., libutaka
ll bato.
CROWN, ., montole. The native
one is conical-shaped and tall,
of head, //., mbatata, lototu.
of hat, n. , ntoto.
[nyi.
CRUCIBLE, nph., mpotb enyangiCRUCIFY, vph., sembola 6 ekulu
su.
CRUEL towards, .-'/., kosa, tuka.
person, //., mokosi.
CRUELTY, //., ekosa, lokosb.
CRUET stand, see CASTERS.
CRUMB, n., emunyu; vs., milnyua; '/'t._, munybla ; ind.,
buluku-buluku.
brush, nph., eyombbli & bimu*
nyu.
tray, iifil/., enyanyela a bimu>
nyu.

CRUMPLED-CUT

( 3o4 )

CRUMPLED, vs., nyunyungana,

yutangana, nyutangana.
CRUNCH, vt., bokbta, kbkbta,
ybnza.
CRUSH, vt., zata, kama, yikinya.
into powder, vt., minybla.
CRUSHED in, vs., beletene, bolbtana, bblatana.
CRUST, ., ekbtisa.
burnt, ., elikisa.
CRUTCH, ., likando.
CRY (shed tears), vph., tanga mibsoli.
for, vt., lela.
out, vs., tbtwa (tbtal
out against, -'/. , somola.
out on being frightened, vs., popasana.
out with pain, vs., sabana, tatabana.
of food for sale, intj. , ebele !
CRYING, n.pl., bilelo.
CUB, <v///., litumbu (ll nkosi).
CUBE, ., kube(Fr.) 3.
CUBIT, ii., mompata.
CUCUMBER, n., kakumba (Eng.)
3CUDDLE, vt., kobila; ind., kobikobi ; . , ekobi.
CUFF, vph., bbla liboto.
of sleeve, '.-'/'//., elamba e lltongo ll likanza.
CULL, vt., muka (buka).
CULMINATE, vin., suka.
CULPABLE, vph., komo bobanzibwi.
CULPRIT, nph. , mome libanza.
CULTIVATE, vph., sala masotu.
CULTIVATED ground, ., nkuba,
llsala.

CUMBER, ;'.., lemisa.

CUNNING, vin., yele; vc., yelisa;
., mayele 8.
person, n. , moyeli.
CUP, n., nkeni.
of a leaf, make, vph., tbnga etotbkb, yumba etotbkb.
CUPBOARD, ., nkbbe (e nkeni).
CUPPER (one who medically sucks
blood), ., monyunyi.
CURB, vc., simbisa.

CURDLE, vin., kaka.

CURE, 7't., bwa, kosola.
CURIOUS (to know), vin., lenga
(noyeba).
CURL, n., moosi ; vt., yoso.
CURRANT, ., kulanta (Eng.) 3.
CURRENT, main, ., mosinga.
rapid, n. , mweli, mweleli.
up-stream, . , etula.
strikes the shore, place where,
n , libete.
CURSE, vt., sola (sila) ; ., moselako, mbeke.
behind a person's back, vt. , kbtbmba.
CURSING of an unknown culprit by
striking the ground with a
plantain stem, /;. , mobondo.
CURTAIL, vt., oabbla, cecolo.
CURTAIN, iif-h., elamba e lembele ; ,-/'//., pbto (na elamba).
CURVATURE of spine between
shoulders, n., mobeke.
ditto, but dorsal, i/., ngbtaka.
ditto, low down in back, .,
engbndb.
CURVE, vt., yumba (wumba)
[yumbama, yumba], yokia
[ybkeme, ybko] ; n. , libunu.
in tree or branch, ., ekwende.
CURVEDNESS, ., nkundu.
CUSHION, 1/., oputaki, likoba.
CUSTODY, ., bobateli.
CUSTOM, ., mokcto.
CUSTOMER, . , mosalisi.
CUT, vt., kete.
away (creeper holding tree), vt. ,
sekolo.
away (fronds), vt., yukbla.
clean through, ind., ca.
close, vph. , kete bitb.
close to roots, vph., bitbla b
ntina.
down, vt., sanga, sangbla.
down (plantain bunch), vt., biba.
(firewood), vt., tebe.
(hair), vt., saka.
[cc.
into pieces, vt. , cece ; /,/. , ccinlo small pieces, vt., tele.
(into flesh, etc.), ., lokbma,
mpbta.

( 3o5 )
CUT (continued).
irregular parts off edge to
straighten it, vt., memo.
longitudinally, vt., yatbla, yata.
off, vt., kwete.
off close to surface, vt. , bakbla.
off long piece, vph., kete sambo.
off retreat, /-<., ketinya.
off (rind), ,-/. , polbla.
open (abdomen), vt., talbla.
out (wood), ,''.'., senge.
round, vt. , lenga.
so that skin gapes open, vt., me.
teeth, vph., to minb.
teeth into form like a saw, n.pl.,
ncanga.
through, vt., lengbla ; //.. ce.
to atoms, vt., cecinginya; vs.,
cecengene ; ind. , cece.
to pieces, ind. , tu-tu.
transversely, vt. , kete.
unevenly, 7't., kengolo.
up, vt. , sese.
water badly (of canoe), vin.,
yuba.
with blunt knife, vt. , kutumba.
(wound), .-/.. kbma.
CUTTING down, ., lllcwete.
CUTLASS, ., bunu [//., munu],
laid 3, cbunclu.
CYCLONE, vph., elele e zblbnganu.
CYLINDER, ., silinda (Fr.) 3.

DAB, vph., yinda to-to or po-po.

DADA, n., tata i.
DAGGER, ., lingwete.
DAILY, aph., mokblo na mokolo.
work, n. , ekbngb, ebekela.
DAINTINESS, ., mongand.
DALLY, vs., lingalinga.
DAM, //., moboka.
DAMAGE, vc. , bebisa, sumbisa ;
vin., beba; vs., sumbana.
DAMAGED place, ., epuma.
DAMP, ., ebongi.
DAMSEL, ., mangondb i.
DANCE, vin. , bina, sana.
with joy, vs., ngaluma, ngana.

CUT-DASH

DANCE (continued'].
funeral, vin. , sete ; ;/. . moseto.
diviner's dance, vt., somba.
(of chief), vs. , nekwene.
various kinds of, ., zebola,
eyemo, kebe-kebe, llsongb,
longwango, mokwe, monye,
mpo, ngamandele, ngwana.
DANDLE, vph., bwaka yai-yal.
DANDRUFF, ., lisoi, losoi.
DANGER, ., engulumisa, engumisa, monyoko.
be in, vs. , nyokwa.
out of, vs., koswa.
DANGLE, vc., lembisa; vin.,
lembe ; /- . . , lembelembe, 1cmbesene ; ind. , lembele, le
mbelembe.
DARE (challenge), vt., bianga.
(brave), ."///., yikampiko.
DARING, /'.-., langatana, langalanga, langasana.
person, ., elangi.
DARK, adj. , -y indo ; ///,/. , piti,
very, ind., pwitikipwi.
and shining, ind. , loi-loi.
(of water), /////. , longo-longo.
DARKEN, vin., yinda; vc., yindisa; ,-///.. nginda; vs., ngindandala, bambatana ; ///,/.,
ngi, ngo, ngbtblo.
DARKNESS, ., boyi, liti.
of hue, ind., bokolo, yuyb ;
iid;.. nzombi.
DARN, .-///.. tonga mbambo.
DART, ., lobasi, lisblongo, lopbnza.
about in a rage, vin. , swenge ;
ind., swe.
away or past, vs., walibana ;
///'/.. wall.
away from still position, vs.,
ngunzwa ; ;'.'"'/.. lunza lobangu.
in contrary direction, vt., pelolo.
up, vs. , tblwa.
DASH, vt., bwaka, yusa, yunza,
bola.
spray, vt. , yanzbla ; vph. , bwaka
miasi.
water, vph., swisa mai bu.
x

DASH-DEAD

(306 )

DASH (continued).

DAY (continued).

water into a vessel, vph., pandb-

la mai pau.
DATE, //., ndembe.
DAUB, vph., singa pasaka-pasaka.
DAUGHTER, nph. , mwana 6 mwene.
DAUNT, vph., tikisa mambi
ngbu,

[ko.

DAUNTLESS, vph. , yike'te'la mpiDAVVDLE, vs., lingalinga, yungwa, mbnyibana, ngonyibana.

DAWN, vs., yetwa; nph., busa
bbbye.
DAY, . , busa (some give bwisa)
[pl., misa (some give musa/j.
in reckoning numbjr of days, .,

mokblb.
about 3 a.m., nph., busa bobkbba.
4 a.m., n., ebimi.
5 a.m., .//., milonge.
dawn, nph. , busa bbbye.
6 a.m., ///'//.. nzbto ll ntongo.
7 a.m., n., ntongo.
8 a.m., nph.. monkanga mo
mwasi.
10 a.m., ii'-l/., monkanga mb

mobali.
noon, ., nzanga, monzanga;
nph., busa b mutu, busa
bbbteme.
afternoon, nph., busa bbbkengama.
3 p.m., nph., busa b lit b1.
4 p.m., nph., busa bbbbete.
5 p.m., iiph.. busa b loseki.

6 p.m. , nph. , nkumba ebkwete.

6-6.30 p.m., llso-moto-liso-moto.
evening, ., mpbkwa.

to-morrow, nph. , busa bb lbbi,

lbbi, lbbi bbnya.
In narrative lbbi cannot be used
for the day previous or the
morrow. On the morrow, 6
mbisa e or yeso b ntongo.
On the previous day, b bosb
bb ntongo.
before yesterday, nph., busa,
bbliki bwete.
after to-murrow, nph., busa b'i
bwete.
third day previous to, nph.,
busa bbliki yanana or matabale.
third following, ///., busa bb
yanana or matabale.

of Bubangi week, nph., 1st, masala ma bosb ; 2nd, masala

ma ntei; 3rd, nkota ; 4th
(rest day), eyenga, ncono.
Sunday, Eyenga; nph., ncono
ene.
Saturday, ///'//., ncono ck'eke.
Monday to Friday ate rechoned
by their numbers as days of the
weeh, Monday, masala ma
bosb; Tuesday, masala ma
mabale ; Wednesday, ma
sala ma masato ; Thursday,
masala ma manei ; Friday,
masala ma matand.
dull, ., monkuta.
-light, n., mwese.
-time, n., mwese.

all day long, nph., mwese'-mwese busa pwi.

all nigbt long, nph. , mokolomok'olo busa bwe.
all day and night, nph., mwe'somwese mokolb-mokolb.

7 p.m., "///.. busa bbbyinda,

busa bbblinda.

day of, us? the derivative of time

fron/ the verb to express this.
DAZZLE, .-///., kela miso nzc-

midnight, ., ekb.
to-day, /////.. busa bb lelo, lelo,
le, lelo boye (leno).
yesterday, nph., busa bbllki

nzeli.
DAZZLED, ind., nzenzeli.
DEACON, ., mosali. '
DEAD, vin. , wa.

lbbi, lbbi, busa bbliki bb

lbbi.

apparently, vs., yimbwa; ind.,

biukulu.

( 307 )

DEAD (continued).
nearly, vs., lebana.
person, ., llwele, mowl, mowaki.
quite, vs., selwa.
thing, n., ewaki,
DEAF, vph., kinda matbi; ind.,
nki.
person, ., eyuku, nkindatbi.
DEAFNESS, //., lbkb, nzbkbkb;
/</., ybkbkb ; - '///., matbl
nkinda.
DEAL in, -'/., sala.
out, vt. , kaba, kabbla.
DEALINGS with, have, vrec., tambwasana.
permit to have, vrec. , tambwisana.
DEAR, vph., lekola motuya ; dph.,
na motuya mono or be.
(loved), use bolingo in adj.
clause.

DEARTH, ., molaka, mokala.

DEATH, or mode of, ., llwa.
apparent, n.pl., biuknlu.
approaching, ., bose'li.
blow, give, vt. , selolo.
due, ., mozb, mbalaka.
gurgle, make, vph., tuma molbko.
suddenness of, ., motdna.
DEATHLESS, vph., senga llwa.
DEBAR, vc., simbisa.
DEBASE, vt., sbkia [sbkeme,
abke].
DEBATE, ii., mwole, molenga;
r ////., le molenga, le or yisa
mwele.
DEBILITATE, vc., kolsa.
DEBRIS, n.p/., bibebe.
DBBT, ., bollma, mombale.
large, ., mongo.
be in, vph., nga na mombale,
wele mombale.
deeply in, vph., subama b mo
mbale suba.
DEBTOR, nph., mozali na mo
mbale.
DECALOGUE, nph., misikiso zomu
mimbe Nyambe.
DECAMP, vt., kotola.

DEAD-DEED

DECANT, vt., yangbla.

DECAPITATE, vt., kwete (mutu).
DECAPITATION by means of bent
tree, ., likwet
DECAY, vin., wa, nyita.
(of cassava roots), v/H., keke.
DECEASE, vin., wa.
DECEIVE, vc., kutinya, kutisa,
pellsa.
concerning another person, vap. ,
lengele.
together, vph., kanga bombala.
DECEIVED by another's false state
ment, vs., yangubana ; .,
moyangubani.
DECEIVER, n. , mokutinyi, elengi.
DECENCY, ., eyango.
DECEPTION, i/.. bombala, bokutinyi, bolengi.
DECEPTIVE, dph., na londelengi.
DECIDE, vc., sekisa (sekia).
DECIMAL figure, nph., ebekele e
momu.
DECISION, //. , mokand, bosekisi.
DECLARE, ;-'/., sakola.
DECLINE, vt., bbya.
DECOCTION, ., ncobi.
DECOMPOSE (rot), vin., bolo ; vc.,
bbllsa.
(separate), vt., kakola ; vs.,
kakwana.
DECORATE, vc., kembisa.
body with colours, vt., sono.
DECORATION, //. , nkombb 5 and8.
DECOROUS, vs., longbbana.
DECORUM, n , eyango, elbnga.
DECOY, vt., lombo; vc., lombisa
(kombo, kombisa).
DECREASE, vin., sunda, soto.
in possessions, vs., yokwana.
gradually, vs. , kokwa ; vt. ,
kokolo.
DECREE, ., moango.
DECREPITUDE, ., bonunu.
DEDICATE, vt., bulla [bulama,
bule].
DEDICATION (stative), ., bobulami, (active) bobulli,
DEDUCE, -',., pimisa, pblisa.
DEDUCT, vt., longbla.
DEED, ., zambi, lokela.

DEEP-DELI R

( 308 )

DEEP, . and n,lj., ntbngu.

as required, vin., bila; vs.,
subwa.
in water (of boat), vs. , kbnzbnzala [kbnzbnzb].
-ness, ., lilbko.
water, ., mbeka, mobeka,
moloi, zongo.
sound, vs., lungusana.
DEEPEN, vc., bilisa ; /'/., subbla.
DEEPSET (of eyes), ind., bongosonu.
DEFACE, vc., sumbisa.
DEFALCATE, vt., kakbla.
DEFAME, vph., sulwisa lumu.
DEFAULT, ., boyeseni; vs.,
yesene (wesenej.
DEFEAT, vt., ngendolo; vp., ngendwibwa ; //.. bongouloli,
bongendwibwi.
DEFECATE, vph., neke moi.
DEFECT, ., ebosaki.
DEFECTIVE thing, ., ebosaki.
DEFEND, vt., batela.
(in court), vt., bekbla.
DEFENDANT, nph., mobekoli d
libanza.
DEFER, . '. . , yubisa, zengisa,
yuba.
DEFERENCE, ., botosi.
show, vt. , tosa.
DEFIANCE, nph., botemi ngendb.
DEFICIENT, vs., kutwa; vph.,
senga mpondo or mpula.
DEFILE, vc. , sumbisa; vs., sumbana.
DEFINE boundary, vph. , kete
meaning, vph., kete ntina,
sekisa ntina.
DEFINITE, ind., nasonga.
DEFLECT, vt. , pengolo, yengolo,
pengia [pengeme, penge],
tengolo; vc., bblinginya;
vs., bblangana.
DEFORM, vc., lemisa.
DEFORMED, ind., koto-koto.
person, n. , esele.
[ya.
DEFRAY cost, vph., kokisa motuDEFRAUD, vap., kutela ; vt., ybsolo, kwakbla.

DEFUNCT, vin., wa.

DEFY, vph., teme ngendo.
DEGENERATE, vph., sokeme bobe.
DEGRADATION, nph., bosbkemi
sululu.
DEGRADE, vph., sbkia or sulwisa
sululu.
DEGREE, ., emeko, nongo.
DEIGN, '.-'///., sbkla nzbto.
DEITY (God), . , Nyambe.
(divinity), ., bonyambe.
DEJECTED, vs., lemamala; ind. ,
tume, ngb, ngbtblb, lemeleme.
DEJECTION, ., lintwantunut.
montwantuma.
DELAY, vin., bika [vc., bikisa ;
ind., lei |, yuba ; .",., yubisa ;
vc., zengisa.
demand by laying down part of
borrowed money, vt. , bekola
mobekb.
DELAYED, / '.., lingalinga.
DELEGATE, ., mongwende ;
colq., llso.
DELIBERATE, vt., bonda; ind.,
nasonga ; dph. , na ntina.
DELICATE, ndj. colq., likci.
(of person), vs., pekene.
DELICIOUS, vin., to; vs., cekabana; </,"h_.. na ncai ; ind ,
ceku-ceku.
DELIGHT, //. , esengb, monyanga..
in, vap., nonele; ///.. enoni e
molbko.
DELINEATE (write), vt., sono.
(show), , -, . , lakisa, yebisa.
(shadows), vt., bwaka.
distinctly, ind., nasonga, yetete.
indistinctly, vs. , limallma ; init. ,
limalima.
DELINQUENT, vs., yesene; .,
moyeseni
DELIQUESCE, vin., nina; vc. ,
ninisa ; vs. , senzwa ; vt. ,
senzbla.
DELIRIOUS (of body), vs., kakatana.
cries, ..'/.. bilalai, bilblbi.

( 309)
DELIVER, vt., yclbla.
over or up, vt., sembbla.
(message), vt., sakbla.
(of midwife), vc., bbtisa.
(from punishment), vt., kambbla.
DELIVERANCE, means of, .,
moyelb.
DELUDED, vs., yeyele; vc., yeyelisa ; in-.l. , yeli-yeli.
by words, vs. , yekuma ; vc. ,
yekumisa ; in i. , yeku-yeku.
DELUDING, means of, vs., yeyelibana.
DELUGE, vs., nyalangatana ; . ,
monyalangatand.
DELUSION, ., liyeyeli.
DEMAND, vt., tema.
articles in addition to money pay
ment, vt., benga.
payment, vt., yinda, yula.
DEMANDED article in place of one
broken, and which cannot be
found, i/., likambi.
DEMIJOHN, . , nkala.
DEMOLISH, vc., silisa; vp., silibwa ; iiid. , wa, nye.
DKMON, ., ezb, mokula; these
two are said to be at enmity
with each other.
DEMONSTRATE, vt., limbbia;
;-l'h. , pblisa nasonga.
DEMORALIZE, vc. , yesinya, pengwisa ; /-t. , pengolo, pengia ; //. , mayese.
DEMUR, vs., mimwa ; ind., tume.
DEN, ., ebeto.
DENIAL, ., lotbno.
exclamation of, infj. , wb ! e-e !
DENOTE, vph. , tika elembo e.
DENOUNCE, vc., kitisa.
DENSE (of darkness), vs., bambatana.
(of forest), ind., kio-kio.
DENSITY, ., mpika.
DENT, vc., bblltinya; vs., bblatana ; . , mobblatano, llbbku.
DENTAL matter, nph., zambi ll
mind.
DENUDE, vph., tungbla elamba.

DELIV-DESCEND

DENY, vt., tbna.

acquaintanceship, vt., bandbla.
angrily, vt., bekolo.
having previously spoken, vs.,
pelengene.
loudly, . '... kalabana.
oneself, vph., bbya nzbto.
responsibility, vph. , bwaka mongonza.
ri^jbt or claim to, vt. , menbla.
DEODORIZE, vph., boma ncolo.
DEPART, vs., kumwa, longwa.
DEPARTURE, . , malongwela 8.
DEPEND, vs., pakema. Also expressedin thephrase, it is (your)
business, enga zambi ll (yo).
DEPENDENT upon, vap., pakemela ; //.. mompanzi n.
DEPLORE, vph., lela na mawa.
DEPOSE, vt., bila; vs., bilwa.
DEPOSIT, vph., tika tuta.
DEPRAVE, v;. , yesinya, sumbisa ;
;-.. yesene, sumbana.
DEPRECIATE, vt., soko.
DEPREDATE, vt., punza.
DEPRESS (lower), vt., yinyela ;
,-, . , sundlsa ; '.'///. , sunda ;
/' '. , sokia [sbkeme, sbke].
DEPRESSED, vs., lemamala, ngindandala ; ind. , ngb, ngbtblo, tunic, lemeleme.
DEPRIVE, vc., senglsa.
of, vt., katbla, ybsolo.
DEPTH, ., bolindb, lilbko, ntongu.
of water, ., ntoto.
DEPUTE, vt., bila; vs., bilwa.
DERANGE, vc., bulunginya; vs.,
bulungana.
DERANGED (mad), vph., bele boswa, kabwa lingai.
DERANGEMENT, ., mobulungano.
DERIDE, vt., sisbla.
DERISION, term of, to one who is
injured, intj., btol!
DERIVE, ,-,., pbllsa, pimisa;
.-///., pbla, pima (bima).
DESCEND, vin., sunda; vc., su
ndlsa.
by water, vin., ca.

DESCEN-DEVEL
DESCENDANT, ., mwana.
DESCENT1, sudden (of river at floodtime), ., ebbnga.
DESCRIBE, '/'///., sakbla lolenge.
DESECRATE, vc., sumbisa; vs.,
aumbana.
DESERT, vt. , kotbla, yila.
DESERTED town, ., olali.
DESERVE, vin., kbmo.
DESICCATE, vc., ybmisa.
DESK, reading, nf//., etando e
monkana.
writing, />//., epbmba e bosoni,
etando e bosoni.
DESIGN, ., moango (moyango);
vt., yanga.
DESIRE, vt., linga, nono, alma;
n. , bolingo, bononi, mpbsa.
intensely, vin., lenga.
to imitate others, . , eyemi.
to repeat previous action, . ,
eybya.
to get by gambling, . , esumwa.
base, n., lbma ]/'/., nzbma]
(bondunu).
DESIST, vin. , tika, bende.
DESOLATE, lay, vt., kutia [kutama, kuta, kute].
DESPAIR, vs., kblololo; in,i.,
kblblu, kblolo; i///., tika
ngbu.
DESPAIRING, in,l, ngbu.
DESPATCH (send), vt., tinda; .,
motindo.
(kill), vt., boma; i/id., bomu;
., bobomi.
DESPERATE, vph., swenge swe.
DESPISE, vt., yila.
DESPISED for lack of wealth, vs.,
kblbngana; ind., kolongo.
DESPITE, ., loyind.
DESPOIL, vc., sumbisa; vs., sumbana; vc., kembisa.
DESPOND, vs., ngindandala;
vph. , yoka lobali.
DESPONDENCY, ., lobali.
DESPOT, ., enganzi.
DESPOTISM, . , bonganzi.
DESTINATION, ., csukola, mankela 8.
DESTINE, vt., solo, bulia.

DESTITUTE, vt., senga, yende ;

vc., sengisa, yendisa ; ind.,
kbkbnyi.
[nde.
DESTITUTION, ., bosenga, boyeDESTROY (kill), vt., boma; ind.,
bomu.
(make an end of), vc., sinisa,
aillsa ; ind. , wa, nye.
(an article nearly perished), vt. ,
tumbbla.
DESTROYED, vs., ainana.
DESTRUCTION, ., libiu, losilo.
bosinani, bosinlsi.
DETACH, vt., bandbla, pandbla,
tandbla, kali a [kalema,
kale].
DETACHMENT (of soldiers), . ,
etuluku.
DETAIL, nph., mwa zambi ; vph. ,
sakbla nianco lioko no.
lioko.
DETAIN, vs., simbisa, biklsa,
yubisa.
(keep for oneself), vt., mina.
DETECT, vt., lbmbla; vp., lbmwibwa; vs., lbmwa; vc., lbmwisa.
DETER, vc., simbisa.
DETERMINATION, ., mokano.
DETERMINE, -'t., kana.
resolutely on some course of
action, vt., bengbla; .,
mbengu.
DETERMINED inattention, ind.,
ybkbkb.
DETEST, vph., yina tii, yina petepete.
DETESTATION, feel, vs., abkubana, abkuma; ind., aoknsbku ; vin. , sobila ; ind. , sobisobi.
DETOUR, make, vc., ketinya.
DETRIMENT, ., libomi, bos/imbano.
DEVASTATE, vt., kutia [kutama,
kuta, kute].
DEVELOP, vin., pbmba; vc.,
pbmbisa ; vs. , pbmbana,
pbkana, pbpana; vc. , pbmbinya, pbkinya, pbpiny a ;
ind., pb.

(3" )
DEVELOP (continued).
into a clever person, vin., bamba; .-v. , bambisa.
DEVIATE, vs., yesene (wesene);
zv., yesinya; vs., pengwa;
vc., pengwisa.

DEVIATION, ., liyese, mopengo.

DEVICE (plan), ., moango (moyango).
DEVIL, satana. There is no word
to denote the Bible idea of
devil, so this Hebrew word has
been introduced.
DEVILRY, . , bosatana.
DEVOLVE upon, vph., kitana
ombe.
DEVOTE, vt.,
bule].

bulla

[bulama,

DEVOTION (attentiveness), bopaki.

(faithfulness), ., bobaki.
(worship), //.. bosangbli.
DEVOUT, :'/'h , longbbana ombe
Nyambe.
DEW, ., mamionkoto.

-drop, ., limio.
DEXTERITY, n., ntoko.
DIABOLICAL, df//.. na bosatana.
DIAGNOSE, vt. , sosolo.
DIAGONAL, put, vt., sella (sblemo, sole], yekia [yekeme,
yeke I ; 7'.,-. , yendeme.
DIAL, ., dlala (Eng.) 3.
DIALECT, ., lokota.
DIALOGUE, n., llsolb.
DIAMETER, .. mbimba, mbimbi,
mompiko, mobimbela.
DIAMOND, nph., libwa ll motuya.
DIAPER, //.. litwaya.
< if in 'm<l. n., lingwanda.
DIARRHCEA, have (said of moi),
;-///., leka, pandbla, polbmwa.

fatal kind of, . , molongo.

DICTATE, / '/. , sikisa, sakola.
DICTATION, nl'//., bosakbll bosonl.
DICTIONARY, nph., monkana mb
lokota.
DIE, vin., wa.
for, v/ip. , wela.
of old age, vph., wa botunu.

BEVEL-DILUTE

DIE (continued).
silently, vph., wa yelele.
suddenly, vph., lekana botena,
wa botena.
DIET, ., boli.
DIFFER, vs., kakwana.
DIFFERENCE, ., bokakwani.
DIFFERENT, adj., -also.
path to reach place before an
other, take, vph., kallsa
nongo.
DIFFERING from each other, dph.,
lb-moto-lo-moto.
DIFFICULT, vin., kbta.
breathing, have, vph., ybka molbko.
DIFFICULTY, ., bokbti, monyoko.
in, vs., nyokwa ; vc., nyokwisa.
DIFFIDENT, vs.,
kamakama,
simbasimba (kakama).
DIFFUSE, vt., lalbla, oakinya.
DIFFUSED light, ., llmwe (llmo-

16 ) ; in-/. , ngau.
DIG, vt., tima, yunda, timbla.
after others have finished to take
what may be left, vs. , kulubana.
down elevated ground or make
trenches or pils, vt. , bokbla.
up a root, , v'. , boka.
DIGIT, n t/h., ebekele e mosei.
DIGNITY, nph., eyango e bompbmba.
DIGRESS, vs., pengwa, yengwa,
pengeme [penge] ; ;-/.. pingolo, yengolo, pengia.
DILATE, vin., kata.

(eyes), vt., ngalbla.

DILATORY, vs., lingalinga, yungwa, lembalemba.
DILEMMA, ;/.. mokakatano, maunga (mayunga).
DILIGENCE, n. , bondblo, ntungu,

mpimba, mpwemi.
DILIGENT, vs., sokbtana [sokoto], yungutana ; vph. , sokbtana na ntbmo.
person, . , mondblo 1 1 .
DILUTE, vt., oubbla (na mai).

DlM-DlSCOL

( 312)

DIM, -M-., limalima, in, /., limalima.

(of eyesight), vph., bono lima

lima.
DIMENSION, //.. loteno, lomeko.
DIMINISH, vt., cabbla, cecolo.
DIMINUTIVE, ind., mwa.
7fe'.r
precedes the noun or adjective,
or may be used as a noun,
leaving the context to show
what it refers to.
DIMPLED, ndj., engckete, engeketeke.

DIN, ., lokuku, loyoko.

DINING room, ., mosbkb.
DINNER (noon meal), nph., lile
ll nzanga.
DIP, vt., yina.

DIRECT, vt., laka ; vc., lakisa.

(command), -.-.. sikisa.
proceedings of a meeting, vph. ,
sekisa mambi ma lingbmba.
(straight), ,-,;., sembwa ; ind..
tend.
DIRECTION (place indicated), .,
mpe.
in this direction, aph. , 6 mpe eye.
in that direction, aph., b mpe
ena.
DIRECTLY, ind., paka-paka ; i/..
bobele.
DIRGE, ., mosembo.
DIRT, ., mbindo.
(bodily), ., bilili.
(in water), ., luti.
(rubbish), n.pl., miula.
mark, //., epete.
DIRTINESS, ., boula.
DIRTY, ;-., yindlsa, bindinginya, bandinginya ; vs. , bindingana,
bandangana ;
ind., bindi-bindi; ,/'//.. -yindo.

become, vin., yindela.

DISABLE, ,-''.. koisa; vph., longola nguya.

DISADVANTAGE, ., libomi.
DISAFFECT, vc., sominya, senginya, sekinya.
DISALLOW, vt., yeka.
article of food, vc., killsa.

DISAPPEAR, vin., linda; ind.ph.,

bobele-bobele.
(in forest), ind., pi.
(in water), in,l, biabu, bobu.
(of scab), vs. , kilangana.
(vanish), vs., lemwa ; vt., lemolo.
DISAPPOINTED, vph. , sulwa swi ;
,-,./-//.. sulwisa swi.
(of heart), vph., butwa swi;

vc.ph. , butwisa swi.

DISAPPROVAL, exclamation of, intj. ,
e-e!
DISAPPROVE, vt., bbya.
DISARM, vph., katbla bieli.
DISARRANGED, vs., cakakala.
DISASTER, ., libiu.
DISAVOW, vt., bandola.
DISBAND, vt. , kakola.
DISBANDED, vs., yunzwangana.
DISBELIEVE, vph., yisa or le
mwele.
DISBURSE, vt., kaba.
(what has already been ap
pointed), vt., kabola.
DISCARD, vt., yila.
DISCARDED person, on account of
personal defects, . , epako,
mokbngwa II, mokwata 1 1.
DISCERN, vph., sosolo (cocolo) ;
ind. , yetete.

DISCHARGE (cargo), vt., labola.

(debt), vt., kala.
(employee), vc., bengisa.
(free), vt., pusbla.
(obligation, duty), vt., baka.
(one's liability), vph., yuta
etumu.

DISCIPLE, ., moyekoli.
DISCIPLINE, vc. , ye'kwisa; .,
boyekwisi.
DISCLAIM, vt., tbna.
DISCLOSE (make clear), vc., pimisa, pbllsa ; vin. , pbla, pima
(bima'..
(make known), .-;.. kuswisa, 1bmwisa ; ;-.-. , kuswa, lomwa.
(open), vt.. bumbbla.
(unhide), vt., bbmbbla.
DISCOLOUR, vc., yelwisa; vs.,
yelwa.

(313)

DISCOMFORT, ., mokbso.
DISCOMPOSE, vc., kakitinya, yungitinya.
DISCONCERTED, vs., kakatana,
yungatana, yungutana.
DISCONNECT, vt. , tongbla.
DISCONTENTED, vs., kananala,
bakema.
DISCONTINUE, vt., yila, kila,

tika.
finally, ind., piu used with fore
going words.
DISCOUNTENANCE, vc., kilisa.
DISCOURAGE, vc., yubisa; vp//.,
bomela mpiko. '
DISCOURSE, ., zambi.
DISCOVER, vt., kundbla; vs.,
kundwa.
(detect), vt. , lbmbla ; vc. , lbmwisa ; vs., lomwa; vp.,
lomwibwa.
(wife committing adultery), vt.,
likbla.
DISCRETIONATE, vs., longangala.
DISCRIMINATE, vt., sbsolo (ccoolo), kakbla.
D/scuss, vpl/., le molenga.
a crime, charge or dispute, vt. ,
banza; vph., twa libanza.
(a price), vap., we'la.
DISCUSSION ., molenga.
judicial, n , libanza, mbanzd.
DISDAIN, vt , yila.
DISEASE, n. bokbnb.
contagious nph., bokono bb
yambetela.
various kinds of, . , abscesses,
engende, llmpaka, ngila ;
abscess of ear, ebwele ; abscess
in eye, mondonda ; asth
ma, likombb ; biliousness,
lonzo ; boil, lltunginya; bubo,
mompipa ; coughs, lokesu,
loketu, lokosu, lokotu ; drop
sical abdomen, ntumbe; ele
phantiasis, monzuku ; diseases
of eye, monkala, et6; disease
of feet, moncoi ; fever, mowewe ; ganglion, mbango ;
gonorrhoea, engenzb ; goitre,
mongeke ; headache, nkbme-

DlSCOM-DlSH

DISEASE (continued).
kela ; hydrocele, molika ;
hypertrophy of scrotum orlabia,
mobbtb; small ditto, molika ;
medium ditto, lingundu ; large
ditto, mpeke ; internal disease
in which part affected wastes
away, bemba 3 ; leprosy, bombanda ; leucoderma, lbto ;
leucorrhoea, mondonga ; lip
disease, llsengela ; disease
like measles, mobiombo ; men
struation, scanty or suppressed,
monkonga; ditto, excessive,
mobuku ; ditto, early irregu
larity of, botuba-ntange ;
ditto, total suppression of,
bokono bb d bono ko ; mouth
disease, mwenge ; mumps,
mbelenkete, nkekulaka ;
paralysis, bonyili; piles, in
ternal, ekeko ; ditto, external,
bosbmba; rheumatism, nkongongb ; sciatica, lituku ;
skin diseases, lokbsb, lbto,
lokana, nkalata, nkalati,
llsoi, losoi, mabanda, maloko ; sleep sickness, tolo 3 ;
small-pox, bakoto ; sores from
lice, mampaka ; ulceration of
uterus, moncble ; whitlow,
mobeletwo ; yaws, nketenge.
DISEMBARK, vt., labbla.
DISEMBOWEL, vt., kala (moi), yolbla (wolbla).
DISENGAGE, vt., pusbla.
[la.
DISENTANGLE, vt., pulbla, lingbDISFIGURED, vph., beba lolenge.
by scars, vs. , yeyua, yuyua.
DISGRACE, vt., semolo.
DISGRACEFUL, vs., semwa.
DISGUISE, ,-///., pbtisa bombala.
DISGUST, ., bosbkumi; vc., sokumisa.
DISGUSTED, vs., sbkuma, sbkubana; /',/., soku-sbku.
DISGUSTING, ind., manyali.
DISH, ., lilbngb, mbalankata.
baking, nph., mbalankata e
bokangi.

DlSH-DlSPRO

( 3'4 )

DISH (continued).
butter, /////., mbalankata e
mali ma ngombo.
-clotb, ///'//., esungoli e mbalankata.
meat, ph., mbalankata e
ebwele.
pie, nph., mbalankata e pai.
pudding, /////., mbalanlcata e
pulinga.
soap, /////., lilongo ll nzabango.
vegetable, /////. , mbalankata e
(name vegetable used),
cover, nph., ebumbia e lll6ngo.
up, ','t.. labbla.
DISHEARTENED, vph., kutwa o
molbko.
DISHEVEL, vc., punzinginya ; vs.,
punzungana.
DISHONEST, vs., bblbngana.
DISHONESTY, ., mobblongano.
DISHONOUR, vt., memolo.
DISINCLINATION, nph. , bosenga
bo mpbsa.
to associate, . , bongota.
DISINCLINED, vph., senga mposa.
DISINFECT, vph., balinginya bokono.
DISINFECTANT, nph., mobalinginyi mo bokbnb.
DISINHERIT, vph., yimisa libnla.
DISINTER, vt. , kundbla.
DISJOIN, vt., tongbla, tangbla.
DISLIKE, vt., kila; ind., kili.
DISLOCATE, vt., tongbla, yekolo ;
vs., tongwa, yekwa.
DISLODGE, vc., bengisa.
DISMAL, vph. , senga bisengo.
day, ., monkuta.
(of person), in,l. ngo, tume,
ngbtblo.
DISMANTLE, vt. , yunzbla.
DISMAY, ., lokeketi, monzenze.
DISMEMBER, vt., wokbla, sese.
DISMISS, vt., benga, longwisa.
DISMOUNT, A,yakbla; vph. for
vs., yakbla nzbto.
DISOBEDIENCE, . , bobbyi, lokilo,
lite, bokutukulungu.

DISOBEY, vt., bbya, kila, kina,

to, ybtbla; vs., pelwa; ind. ,
kili.
DISORDER, vs., panzangana; .-'/.,
panza.
DISORDERED stomach, ., lonzo.
DISORDERLY, vs., panzangana.
arranged, vs., punzanzala ;
in</-, punzunzu.
DISORGANIZE, /-,'., bulunginya ;
vs., bulungana.
DISOWN, vt., yila, sabbla.
DISPARAGE, vt., soko, menye ;
., ncoki.
DISPATCH, //., lobangu, bwalb.
DISPEL, vt., longbla; vc., bengi
sa, oakinya.
mist, vph. , kang wisa busa.
DISPENSARY, .. zonga.
DISPENSE medicine, vph., kaba
mono.
with, vt., yila.
DISPERSE, vt., sanza; . . .. oaki
nya, balinginya, oalingiya, yanzinginya; vs. , calangana, balangana, yanzangana, oakana ; ind. , ca.
DISPIRIT, vph. , sulwlsa mollmd ;
vs., sululala; ind., sululn.
DISPLACE, vph., yenza nongo.
DISPLAY, vc., lakisa, boninya.
(pride), ., losai, eyengi.
of oneself, make, z'..-. , langalanga, langatana, langasana.
DISPLAYER of prowess, ., elangi.
DISPLEASE, vc. , bellsa; vin., bele.
DISPLEASURE, ., libele.
DISPOSAL, ., bolengeli.
put at one's, vt., sembbla.
DISPOSE of, vt., lengele (longele).
(take away), vt., longbla.
(sell), vt., teke.
DISPOSED to be, vt. , kana; vph.,
nga na mposa 6.
I nga.
to be pleasant, /-... , nyanganyaDISPOSITION, . , ezalela.
DISPROPORTION, nph., bosenga
bb boyenzi.
DISPROPORTIONATE, vph., senga
boyenzi.

Dispu-DivE

( 3!S )

DISPUTATION, n., mwele.

DISPUTE, vl'//., le or yisa. mwele.
DISQUIET, vc., kblinginya, kakitinya; vph., yunzbla nyile ;
vc., kblangana, kblakbla,
lcakat.mil.
DISREGARD, vt., kina, memolo,
ybtbla ; vs. , pelwa ; u. ,
nkamb.
DISREPUTABLE, adj. , -be.
DISRESPECT, vt., memolo, kinbla.
DISSATISFACTION after repletion,
.. losete.
DISSATISFIED, vs., kananala, sukasuka, bakema.
DISSEMBLE, vs., ndelengene, walangana.
DISSENT from, vt., boya.
gruntingly, vs., yimasana.
ignorantly, .- ' , yekubana ; i/. ,
liyeku.
DISSIMILAR, dph., lb-moto-l':'moto ; in,l , kako-kako ; vs. ,
kakwana.
DISSIMULATE, vs., ndelengene,
walangana.
DISSIMULATION, //. , londeiengi,
mowalangano.
DISSIPATE (riches), vc., wolinginya; vs., wolongana; /,/.,
wo-wo.
(fog), -;"h.. kangwisa busa.
DISSIPATION, n., bowblbkb, bowolb.
DISSOLUTE person, n., ewblb.
DISSOLUTION, n., bosondwi, bosenzwi.
DISSOLVE, vt., sondala, senzola.
partnership, vph., kabbla lotbngo.
DISSUADE, vc., simbisa; ,-... simbama.
DISTANCE, ., mosika.
DISTANT, ind., lbkbko; vs., langangala.
[mbala.
but clearly visible, vs. , tambaDISTASTE, ., bokili.
DISTASTEFUL (of food which has
been handled), vs. , nyakwa.
(of food without flavour), vs.,
sabwa.

DISTEND, vin., yuta; ind., tukuku.

(of serpent's glands), vs., luluba,
yuluba.
DISTIL (as dew), .-///.. tanga; vc.,
tangisa ; vs. , sukwa.
DISTINCT, vs. , selma, tangwa,
kakwa ; uid. , sei, tango ;
dph. , lb-moto-lb-moto ; also
expressed by using mpenza
with each noun.
[le.
(of thing seen), ind., pole, poleDISTINCTION, n., bokakwi.
(fame), n., montala, lumu (lokumu).
DISTINGUISH, vt. , kakbla, sosolo.
DISTORT, vc., yotwinginya; vs.,
yotwangana.
(face), vc., mwetinginya; vs.,
mwetengene.
DISTRACT, vs. , yengetana ; vc.ph.,
yengisa yenge-yenge.
DISTRACTION, n. , lcenge (loyenge).
DISTRAIN (for debt), vt., buta.
DISTRESS, //., lokeketi, bwale.
DISTRIBUTE, vt., kaba, kabbla.
DISTRICT, n., ese.
inland from Lukolela, //., Mpama.
DISTRUST, vph., ybka lobali ; n.,
lobali.
DISTRUSTFUL, vs., kananala, sukasuka, bakema.
DISTURB, vt., kubbla.
the peace, vt., kuya, sukbla.
(water as by dying hippo), vt.,
bbko.
DISTURBANCE, n., ekbkele.
maker of, //., mokuyi, mosukoli.

DISTURBED, vs., uengubana.

DISUNITE, vt., kakbla, bandbla,
pandbla, tandbla.
DISUSE, vt., yila, yullsa.
DITCH, ., mobabali.
DIVE, n., moncbngi; vpl/., linda
moncbngi.
deep, vph., linda tuku.
down and come up other side of
anything, vt., kutbla.

DIVE-DOT

( 316 )

DIVE (continued).
long, from steep place, n. , eziibu ;
//'//. , yumbwa ezubu.
DIVERGE, vs., tangwa, seima ;
vt., tangbla; i-<-, seimisa;
ind., sei.
DIVERSE, vs., kakwana; dph.,
1 : -motd-l 1 -motd.
DIVERSITY, //i , ndenge li bokakbla. In the village there
was a great diversity of
opinion, b etuka elik'i nde
nge nzike li makanisi bokakbla.
DIVERT, vt., yengolo, pengolo,
pengia [pengeme, penge].
DIVEST, vt., tungbla (elamba).
DIVIDE, vt., kakbla.
in proportion, vt., yenze, yenge.
out, vt., kabbla.
(into branches), vs., kabwa.
DIVIDEND (arith.), nph., motuya
mo kakola.
DIVINATION, nph., boboli mambi.
power, nph., nguya e bola
mambi.
DIVINE, dph., na bonyambe.
(said usually of witch doctor),
vph. , bola mambi.
DIVINER (dancing), n., esombi.
DIVING without noise, n., elelele.
from high place, ind., zubu.
DIVINITY, ., bonyambe.
DIVISIBLE, vph., yisibwa bokakbli, komo bokakoli.
DIVISION, ., bokakoli.
DIVISOR, ., mokakoli.
DIVORCE, vph., boma libala ;
///'//., bobomi libala.
DIVULGE, vt., landola or bola
(zambi).
DIZZY, dph., na miso zo or zbngb.
Do, vt., kela.
as bidden, vt., longia [longama, longa].
by turn, vs. , kitana, yambana.
immediately, vph., kela saii.
something, and act as though it
had not been done, vs. , lemaDOCILE, vs., komomolo. [ngana.
person, n., mompolo.

DOCILITY, ., bompolo.
DOCK (tail), ., empunungu ;
vph., kete loti.
DOCTOR of medicine, nph., nganga.
e mono.
skill of, n., bonganga.
fetish, /////., nganga e likutii.
DOCTRINE, ., lite'yo.
DOCUMENT, ., monkana, lisono.
DODGE about, vs., bokabbka.
(deception), . , lembbla; //.,
bolembbli.
DOE, n <'h.. (nkai) e mwene.
DOER, n., mokeli.
DOG, n., mbwa.
(hunting), n., ebengo.
white, n., elumbu (eumbu,
ewumbu).
skinny, ., mokwanga.
DOGGEDNESS, ., lokilo.

DOLEFUL, vs., ngindandala.

DOLL (European), nph., mwana 6
eteko.
(native), nph., mwana d mobngbngb.
DOMESTIC animal, ., ebwa.
(servant), nph., mosali d ndako.
DOMINATE, vt. , ngendolo.
DOMINION, n. , bokonzi, nce.
DONATION, n. , likabo.
DONE, vp. , kelibwa ; vin., ye,
sila.
DONKEY, //., mpunda (punda).
DONOR, n. , mokabi.
DOOM, n. , likamba.
DOOR, ii., ekuki, elibako, ctako.
front, nph., ekuki e ndanda.
back, nph., ekuki e likusa.
DOOR- POST, nph., lipata li ndako.
(arrangement in native house), n. ,
likuku.
DOOR-SILL, ., ebeka.
DOORWAY, nph. , munya mb nda
ko.
DORMANT, vs., tutuma.
DOSE (of medicine), ., likembu,
monkbtia, monkosi.
DOT, .. lintoni, lintolinga,
litbna ; vt., ta, with preceding
nouns.

DOUBLE, vph., yumba pio ; dph.,

nil mbalo libale ; . '/. , yumba
[yumbama, yunibe |.
dealing, . , londelengi, mowalangano.
edged, ///., nkenge libale ll
mpia.
handful, ., liboko.
DOUBT, ,'-.. kamakama (kakama / ; vph. , yisa ,//' le mwele ;
ii.. mwele.
DOUBTFUL, adv., soko.
The
matter is a doubtful one, zambi
linga so soko.
DOUGH, nph., mobota mo mposoko, mobonda mo mposokb.
DOVE, a., ebenga, empbmpb.
DOVETAIL, vt., yongia; ind.,
yonga.
DOWEL, ., dowele (Eng. ) 3.
DOWN, nph. , masala makbu.
get, vin., sunda.
(hair), ii. , nzbso, nkungia.
put, vc., sundlsa; ;///.. sunda.
river, ., ngele.
river, all folk, ., mongengele
n.
to, prep., o, bmbe ; yeka b.
DOWNCAST, vs. , kumamala.
DOWNFALL, ., ebimbo, montabala.
(loss), //.. libomi.
DOWNPOUR, nph., mbula e molobi.
DOWNWARDS, nph. , sbke b nce.
DOWRY to wife's relations, n. ,
nzambi.
DOXOLOGY, nph., loyembo Id misanzb.
DOZE, vs., yblma [inc/., yoi-yoi];
.'///., zinga.
DRAG, , '/'., kbla, bembe, benda.
DRAGGLE, vt., kolo, ko.
DRAGON fly, ., ncenzeli.
DRAIN, //., mobabali.
(land free from water), vc., lundwisa.
DRAKE, nph. , llsweswe li bwcle.
DRAUGHT of air, ., embembe.
of water, n., lonua.

DOUBLE-DREAD
DRAW, vt., benda, kola.
along, vt., bembe.
aside, vap., bembele.
away, vt., lombo (kombo).
blood, vph., tangisa malongb.
down, . t. , kblbla, yblo, yembe.
into mouth, vt. , nyunya, yunya.
(knife), vt., bila.
lots, vph. , mekisa bisenzako.
(nail by pincers), vt., yblo, yombe.
near, vph., suswa bele-bele ;
. '-.. beleme [bele] (beseme) ;
vc., belemisa.
(of new cloth patched on old),
vt. , yolbla (wolbla).
on one's allowance, vt. , bila ; vs. ,
bilwa.
oneself along on stomach, ind.,
kombele.
oneself up, vph., konga nzoto.
out (lengthen), vt., yolbla (wolbla) ; . '. . , ybllsa.
out (of bundle), vt., yolbla (wo
lbla).
out (of water), vt., lindbla, yinbla.
(pictures), vt., sono.
[ko.
the lot, vph., kundwa esenzatight, vph., benda ndu or ndi.
together (firewood), vc., takinya.
towards oneself, vap. , bembele.
quantity of water (of vessel), vph. ,
koka b liloko li,
water, vph., tbka mai.
DRAWBACK, n., esimbisela.
DRAWERS, n. , mombati.
bathing, ., lingbanda.
chest of, /'//.. liboko ll nkobe.
DRAWING up of mouth and jaws in
eating unripe fruit, n. , bobibi.
water, place for, ., lltbko, liliba.
DRAWN together in creases, vs.,
nyunyungana.
up (of arm, etc.), vs., katatala;
in, l., kotbmbo.
DRAWL, /-l'h.. mbnyibana na
bolobi.
DREAD, n., lokeketi.
object of, n., ellma, bweta.

DREADFUL-DRYING

(318)

DREADFUL occurrence, n., emwa,

emwanga.
DREAM, vt., loto; ., liloto
(ndbll.
DREARINESS, ., bolangisi, mputu.
DREARY, make, vc., langisa.
DREGS, n.pl., mbindi.
in wine or beer, n. , nkonzb.
DRENCH, vc. , bollsa ; vin. , bblo ;
ind., bo-bo.
DRESS, n.pl., bilamba ; vin., swa;
-v., swisa.
entire, np//., mobimba mo
elamba.
full, for an occasion, n. , molato.
manner of dress, ., eswela.
(wound), vt., lengele (lbngele).
DRESSED up, vin., sungela; vs.,
zungungala [zungungn].
DRESSING gown, nph., elamba e
moi mo ndako.
DRIBBLE, vin., tanga.
DRIED up, vph., ybma kwalikwali.
river bed, ., moboku.
DRIFT, vin., ca.
DRILL, vt., nena; vs., nenisa,
yekwisa.
(for making holes), n., etubisela.
DRINK, vt., nua.
left over from previous day, . ,
mpikb, mompikb, ekangi.
wine moderately, vph., nuete
masanga.
DRINKING vessels, //., ekongele,
nkeni.
DRIP, vin., tanga; vs., sukwa.
DRIVE, vc., tambwiaa.
away, vc., bengisa.
(a ball, etc.), vt., bimbbla.
(an engine), vt., sasa, luta.
in (a nail), vt., yinda, yobetela.
DRIVER ant, . , losilango.
DRIZZLE, vin., mianga, miaka.
DRIZZLING rain, vph., mbula e
momianga; ., momianga,
momiaka.
DROLL, dph., na biseso.
DROOP, vt., lekolo.

DROOPING, vs., lembelembe, lembesene; ind., lembele.

DROP, vin. , tanga ; vs. , sukwa ;
n. , litangi.
(of blood), , lilbngb.
of molten metal, n. , lindbndb.
out little by little, vs., yolwa.
DROPPING of dew from tree or leaf,
n., enono.
of water, vph., tanga tb-to.
DROPPINGS of birds, ., ncete.
DROPSICAL abdomen, ., ntumbe.
DROSS, n.pl., makele.
DROUGHT, season of, nph., moca
mo boybmi kwali-kwalt
DROVE, ., etbnga, ebemba.
DROVER, n. , motambwisi.
DROWNED, vph., wa b mat
by dipping (of child), vph., wa
tuleke.
DROWSY, vs., lenzenzala [lenzenze], yoima [yoi-yoi] ; vin. ,
zinga.
DRUDGE, n., epako, mokbngwa
n, mokwata n.
DRUG, n., mono; rph., ngendolo
na mono.
DRUM, various kinds of, ., engende, eyeka, linkanda, lokole ,
lokuku, longbmb, monkita.
monkuka, ndungu, nkolenkole.
iron, nph., enzinze e eyeli.
(beat), vt., senge.
of ear, nph. , nyangb e lltoi.
DRUMMER, ., mosengi
DRUMSTICK, n., Hsul/i.
DRUNK, get, 'i'///., langa masanga.
DRUNKARD, nph., momene monuako.
DRUNKENNESS, ., monuako, lilangi, monuela.
DRY, -'in., ybma; vc., ybmisa.
(fish), vt., yita.
(not green), vin. , bonga.
land, n., mokili.
rot, have, vin., tuka,
up, vph., ybma kwali-kwall.
DRYING frame, ., botala, boyito.

DUBIOUS-EACH
DUBIOUS, vs., kamakama (kakama).
DUCK, n., lisweswe.
DUE, ////., koka nkomo.
DULL day, ii.. monkuta.
(of headache), vs., kekete.
pointed, ind., lculungu ; dph.,
na munya te.
(stupid), n,//., nzenzele.
DUMB person, ., ebubu, esulu.
DUMBNESS, ., bobubu (balulu).
DUMPY (viiuperative word), n., llngundbmbele.
DUN, vt., yula, yinda; vc. , batinya.
DUNCE, nph., momene nzenzele.
DUNG, ., nyei (batubi); vph. ,
yukela nyei.
DUNNING, vs., batasana.
DUPE, vap. , kutela; i;., pelisa.
DUPLICITY, ., londelengi.
DURABILITY, ., bokbti; nph.,
mpbsa e bika.
(of cloth), n., lolcilo.
DURABLE, vin., bika.
(of trees), vS., selengene; //.,
moselengu.
DURATION, ., elembe (esembe),
lobiko.
DURING, l.t., at the time of, /'fh.,
b ndembo e, b olembe e.
Often rendered by putting the
verb into the continuative tense
and constructing an objectii'e
relatival clause lt-ith ndembe
understood; e.g., during his
speech the people remained
seated, e lobaki yeye batd
babiki bwa-bwa.
and until, ////., we ki.
DUSK, <////.. liso-moto-llso moto ;
n.. mpbkwa.
DUST, n., mobulu; vt., pupbla.
-pan, nph., enyanyela e mibulu.
DUSTER, ., mompa.
DUSTY, ind., bulu-bulu, bulukubuluku.
make, i't.. kunzola.
DUTIFUL, dph., na bobaki; vt.,
baka.

DUTY, //. . molendandalo.

levy, vph., le monyango.
official, //., ebekela, ekongo.
on goods, n.. monyango.
on goods, collect, vt., nyanga.
DWARF, . , bongondongo.
DWARFED, vin., senza.
DWELL, -,-///. , zala, lamba.
outside in the open, vs. , ngunzania; ind., ngunze.
DWELLING-PLACE, ., mbbka,
ezalela.
new, n.. libonga.
small temporary, ., mongumbe.
DWINDLE (in size), vs., bosana.
(in number), vs., wblengene.
DYE, ., bokobo, see COLOUR.
DYING, vin , sela.
DYKE, ., lobbko.
DYSENTERY, nph., moi mo malongo, moi mb likolb.

EACH, the force of this distributive

is rendered by ( I ) a repetition of
the noun; each man will
answer for himself, moto na
moto akobekbla na etondb
e ma yeye'me; each matter
will be judged by itself, zambi
na zambi likbtendibwa
mpenza-mpenza. (2) A re
petiiion of the numeral adj.
one ; what is the price of those
mirrors ? each one is worth 20
rods, batalatala bana bakowa mituya nde ? yoko na
yoko ekokoka b mutu mb
ngele 20. (3) A repetition of
the sing. pron. ; each one who
asks receives, yeye na yeye
okobbndela akoyamba ; each
one sold for 10 rods, ye'ngb na
yengb (mirrors) ewi ngele
10.
other, use the reciprocal form of
the verb.
and every one, ind., kukulubumba.

EAGER-EDGE

( 320 )

EAGER, vin. , lenga ; vs. , poibana ;

ind., pdi-pdi.
EAGLE, various kinds of, n. , bokwango, ebebeke, lileiembe,
mpongonyoli.
EAR, ., lltbi.
ache, /////. , bokanzi bo litoi ;
v/>h., ybka litoi.
drum of, nf'/. , nyangb e litoi.
wax of, n hl/. , nyei e litbi, mpese

6 litoi.
EARLESS, nph., matbl bingulu.
EARLY, <//'//., na ndembe elamu,
n'o bika ka.

arrival, too, //., mpwemo.

EARN, 'i'/'//., kula mbemba.
EARNEST, money, ., mobekb,
mbekb.
money, give, vt., bckbla.
EARNESTNESS, ., ntungu, mbimba, mpweme.
in working, //., bontlolo.
EARNING, ., mbemba. _
EARTH, ., nce, masbtu, manu
ka, biondo.
black, ., ncoko.
soft, ., miboku.
up, vt., bbka.
-liness, n., bonec'.
-nut, ., lonzokb.
-quake, ,"//. , lowata lb nce.
EARTHENWARE, ., bikei.
EASE (not difficult ), n., nybnyo.
pain, vc., tillmisa, koisa.
(quiet), ., nyile.
rope, vc., nyengisa.
EASEL, n., ebatisela.
EASILY broken, colq., likel, mongbb.
EASINESS, ., nybnyo.
EAST, see CARDINAL points.
EAT, vt., \o;colq. vph., bete lile,
bete libete.
alone, apart from the rest, vt.,

kite.
beyond capacity, vph., le boki(by putting entire thing into
mouth), vph., yunda b munya.
into (of sore), vt., yunda, tima.

EAT (continued).
moderately, vph., nuete boli.
morning meal, vph. , sakola.
nzoto.
(mumble), vc., mulinginya ; vs. ,
mulungana; ind., muUingu.
one thing by itself, vt., bukuta.
to satiety, vph., le lltbndl, le
ngandanda, yuta ztita, yuta
ngbau.
up (consume), vph., le biabu.
up (of grasshoppers), vt. , kengolo.
voraciously, vt., busa, cuka,
soka ; ind. , busi, kwaki.
with lips closed, vph., le munya
boyikaka, yika munya.
with open mouth, vph., le mnnya pole.
with spoon, vt., tbkbla.
with unprepared body, whether
by neglecting washing, deco
rating, etc., vph., le lobbngolobbngb.
with filthy hands, vph., le no.
boula.
EATABLE, render, by softening, vt. ,
lebolo.
EATING excessively, ., moleko
molelb.
dirty habit of, . , lokuba.
house, //.. molelb.
table, nph., epomba e boli.
EAVES, //., bounza, mosasa.
-drop, vph., ya nopeleme.
EBB, vph., be'nda nzoto.
ECCENTRIC, vs., kakatana.
of engine, ., ekesentika
(Eng.)3.
ECHO, vph., koka mpompoli - n.,
mpompoli.
ECONOMY, ., likekete.
EDGE, //., nkako (lokako).
a knife, ;-',"'/. , kundbla mbieli.
a path, vt., komba; vap., kombela.
have rough, / . . , bongwa, bonwa.
have sharp, vin., to.
of knife, "///., lokenge nkako
(lokako).
ditto, back of, mokundu.

EDGE-ELDER
EDGE (continued).
of knife, blunt, nph., lokenge lb
botunu.
ditto, sharp, /////., lokenge lb
mpia.
of vessel, . , mobanga.
on (of teeth), ind., ngengeti.
rough, iiul., kbbkbtb-kbokoto.
set teeth on, vph., bandlsa
mind.
sharpen, vt. , seba.
EDGED, two, dph., na nkenge
libale mpia.
EDGING of basket or shield, .,
mobelo.
EDIBLE, use the infinitive of the
verb to eat in adj. cl. ; e.g. ,
some plants are edible, and
some are not edible, nzembu
lioko linga bi le, mpe lioko
Ifalso linga nde bi le ka.
EDIFICE, n., ndakd.
EDIFY, vc., kbmisa.
EDIT, vt., lengole (lbngele).
EDUCATE, vc. , ye'kwisa.
EEL, n.. mosombi.
EFFACE, vt. , sungbla.
EFFECT, use ewe'la, etondb, mo
belo in adj. cl. thus / death is
the effect of sin, liwa linga li
ewe'la e bosoki. Note the
difference ofconstruction in si n
is the cause of death, bosoki
bbnga ewe'la e liwa.
EFFEMINACY, ., bomwene, bobene.
EFFERVESCE, vin.. luluba (yuluba) ; ind. , pwo-pwo.
EFFETE, vph., senga nguya.
EFFICACIOUS, vin., koka; vc.,
kokisa ; ,"--. , kokana.
EFFICACY, //.. bokoki, bokbmi.
EFFICIENT, vin. , koka, kbmo.
EFFORT, ., momeko.
EFFUSIVE (of speech), ind., pwasapwasa.
EGG, n., likei.
[likei.
beater, nph., mocikinyi mb
lay, vph., bbta makei.
lay many, vph., bbta makei
mblu-mblu.

EGG (continued)^
(of insect), ., lokinya (lonkinya).
shell of, //."//., eposb e likei.
white of, ///., malblu ma
likei.
yolk of, iif'i/. , moloko mb likei.
EGG-FRUIT, various kinds of, .,
elolb, ngungutu, lindbmba,
(not edible) ndota.
EGOTISTICAL, z////.,kakisa nzbto.
EGRET, ., monyenyenge.
EIGHT, ., mwambi.
EIGHTEEN, nph., zbmu na mwa
mbi.
EIGHTEENTH, see ORDINAL num
bers.
EIGHTH, see ORDINAL numbers.
EIGHTIETH, see ORDINAL numbers.
EIGHTY, ., loasi [//., ndwasi].
EITHER ... or, ph., soko . . .
soko.
EJACULATE during a person's
speech, vs., kasuma; ind.,
kasu-kasu.
EJECT, vc., pimisa, pblisa; vph.,
bwaka b ndanda.
from mouth, vt., pambbla.
nasal mucus, vph. , yembe mokbkbtb.
semen, .' . , kwisa, kitisa.
ELABORATE, vs., kangatana; vc.,
kangitinya.
ELAPSE quickly, vs., walibana;
///,/., wali; vph., leka wall.
silently, vs., walibana; ///'/.,
wali ; vph., leka wali.
ELASTIC, ndj., ndai-ndai, nyau.
ELASTICITY, ., bondai-ndai, bonytto.
ELATED, ./-/.. kula molbnzb.
ELBOW, i/., likokinyaka, likolinginya, mokbkula, monkbkulaka ; i '/. , kunybla.
ELDER, //.. mpbmba i, engenze.
brother of brother, or sister of
sister, //., moyebi.
male cousin of male, or female
cousin of female, nph., moye
bi d bongoi.
ELDERNESS, ., botaki.
Y

ELECT-EMPLOY

( 322 )

ELECT, vt., solo, sembbla.

(to a vacant office), vc., kitinya.
ELECTION, ., bosoli.
ELECTRIC, ind., nga-nga.
battery and fish, ., nina 5.
shock, //. . mobando.
shock, give, vt. , banda.
shock, receive, vin., bandela.
ELECTRICITY, n., mobando.
ELEGANCE, n., zeni.
ELEMENT, n., ekakoli.
ELEMENTARY, ndj. , mpenza ; ind. ,
kbngolo ; ///. , mpenza kongolo.
matter, /.<. ebandela.
ELEPHANT, n., nzbku.
tail of, epunza, eyanza.
ELEPHANTIASIS, ., monzuku.
ELEVATE, vc., batisa ; vt., netbla,
yakia [yake'ma, ka].
eyebrows, vph., nyalbla, nanola or langbla nkiki.
ELKVATION (of plans), //., botemi.
ELEVEN, nph., zomu na (m)oko.
ELEVENTH, see ORDINAL numbers.
ELF, n. , elti, mokula, ezb.
ELICIT, vc., pimisa, pblisa.
ELIDE, vt. , kete.
ELIGIBLE, vin., komo.
ELIMINATE, vt., tangbla, longbla.
ELONGATE, vc. , yblisa, sandisa ;
vph., wangisa wangala.
ELONGATED, vs., wangangala
[ind., wangala, wanganga],
wbngbngala [wbngolo].
ELOPE, vs., walibana [ind., wali];
i<ph., ke wali, kotbla bolombisa
with, vt., yangbla.
ELOQUENCE, nph., litimi li loba.
ELOQUENT, vph^, loba na litimi.
ELSE, <////.. obo bongo te, ndiki
bongo te.
someone, nph., moto mosiso.
-where, nph. , nongo esiso.
ELUCIDATE, vph., polisa pole'le.
ELUDE, vt., kntbla.
EMACIATED, vin., bbnzo, tunga ;
in,L. bondu.
EMACIATION, . , botungu, bobonzi.

EMANATE, vin., kuma (yuma).

EMANCIPATE, vt., pusbla, yelbla.
EMBANK, vph., bbka lobbko.
EMBARK, vin., kondela; vc., kondisa.
in abundance, vpl/., kondela
twaka-twaka.
EMBARRASS, vph., simbisa simbasimba.
EMBASSY, ., bongwende.
EMBELLISH, vc., kembisa.
EMBERS, n.pl., bititingi.
EMBEZZLE, vc., lenginya ; vt.,
ybsolo, kwakbla, basa, mina.
EMBEZZLEMENT, ., mobasako.
EMB'ITTER, vph., lengele bolblo,
kela bolblo.
(make angry), vc., ngallsa.
EMBLEM, ., elembo.
EMBODY, vph., pe nzbto.
EMBOLDEN, vc., kbtisa; zp//., yikisa mpiko, pe bonzanga.
EMBRACE, vt., bbka, kobila ; . /..
kbma ekobi, linga ekobi.
EMBROCATE, vt., lelolo.
EMBROIL, vt., sukbla, kuya.
EMBRYO, ., mobonda.
EMENDATION, ., bokbmisi.
EMERY cloth, ., esese.
EMETIC, ., elulsela.
administer, vc.. lulsa.
EMIGRATE, vs., kumwa.
EMINENCE, _., montala, lumu
(lokumu).
(high place), //&., nongo e ka.
EMINENT, vph., knla lumu.
EMISSARY, //., nkengi 5, mokengi ; cohi. , liso.
EMIT odour, vin., lumba.
EMOLLIENT, ., elbtisela. [mba.
EMOLUMENT, //., lltbmba, mbeEMOTION, //. . nkancla, nkelele
(llali).
EMPEROR, nph., mokonzi o ka.
EMPHASIZE, vc., kendisa.
EMPIRE, ., bokonzi.
EMPLOY, .-<., sallsa; v /;',., katisa
lotbmo.
EMPLOYED, vin., sala ; vph., kata
lotbmo,

( 323)

EMPLOY-ENGRAVE

ENCOURAGED, vph., betwa mpbEMPLOYEE, n., mosali.

EMPLOYER, n. , mosalisi.
sa.
EMPLOYMENT, ., bosali, lisala, ENCUMBER, '.-','.. simbisa.
lotbmo.
ENCUMBRANCE, ., esimbisela.
EMPOWER, vph., pe nguya, pe END, //., bosuka; .-/., suka,
monkandi.
sila ; , v. , sukisa, sillsa ; ind. ,
EMPTY, adj. , -tongb ; ind., pole'le,
wa, nye.
pole ; v..-., yosbsala [yosbsb |.
of canoe, ., libenge.
to
worked article, make suitable,
eye socket, nph., llso empweti.
vt., bome'la.
-handed, nph., mabokb matoto end, put, vt., songila ; ind.,
ngb.
sbngi-songi.
EMULATE, vt., sokolo, lokolo.
EMULATION, ., eyemi.
ENDANGER, vt., nyokolo; vc.,
nyokwisa.
ENABLE, vc., yisisa; nph., pe
nguya, pe monkandi.
ENDEAR, vc., lingisa.
(professionally), vc., bambisa.
ENDEAVOUR, vt., meka.
ENACT, vph. , kete or koma mo- ENDLESS (in number), vs., nyclubana; ///,-/.. nyelu-nyelu.
beko.
ENAMEL, vt., lipa ; ., elipela.
ENDOW, vap., tikela.
ENCAMP, vph., tutuma linkutu.
ENDURANCE, . , mpikd.
(oui river bank from vessel), virt.,
ENDURE, vin., bika; vs., yikaseme ; ind. , se.
kala ; vt., yiketela ; vp//., ylENCAMPMENT, ., linkutu.
ka mpikd ; /./. , ki.
sunheat, .-.-., nge'nzenzala ; ///.-/..
night, on river bank, ., etdti.
ENCASE, ,-/., subia ; ,-.-., subama ;
ngenzenze.
ENEMA, . , lipongi, nzangb, ...','
///./., sub a.
ENCHANT, vt., lombo [kombo].
also APERIENT.
ENCIRCLE, vph., lingo, zo, linga ENEMY, ., monguna 1 I, nke'tu i.
lilinga.
ENERGETIC, vph., kulabosakb.
ENCLOSE, vt., tele, subia [suba- ENERGIZE, vph., betbla mollmo.
ENERGY, n. , bosakb ; colq., molima, suba].
mo.
(by fence), vt., komba ; vap.,
ENERVATE, vph. , kolsa mollmo.
kombela.
ENFEEBLE, vc., koisa, lbtisa,
ENCLOSURE, n., lobalaka.
nunisa.
for leavings or food left by con
fined woman, n., lilomba.
ENFORCE, vc., bakisa.
of a secret society in Mpama, .,
ENGAGE, vt., bengbla.
(fight), zi/.,_mana.
llsanga.
(hire), vt., sombo ; vph. , bengb
on river bank for steeping biula, '
a., lilata.
la bosombi.
within a house, . , ngobb.
ENGAGED actively, vph. , salibana
ENCOMIUM, //., mosanzb, noanna ntbmo.
ENGAGEMENT (fight), ., etumba.
zo.
(obligation), n., mbengu.
ENCOMPASS, vt., linga; vs., limake, vph., bengbla mbengu,
ngama ; ind. , linga.
ENCORE, intj., bisa!
koma monkana.
ENCOUNTER, vap., bomwela.
ENGINE, ., makina 8.
come into, vs. , bomwa.
driver, //.. esasa.
difficulties, vs., nyokwa.
ENGLAND, ., Ngelesa, Ngelesi.
KNCOURAOE, vph., yikisa mpiko, ENGRAVE, vt., koma ; vph., sono
kendlsa molbko.
bokomaka.

ENGROSS-EPI
ENGROSS attention, vph., timisa
miso timimalu;
mala.

. .... timi-

ENIGMA, ryV/. . ece 6 bobwakana.

ENJOIN, .-;.. sikisa, lendinya.
strictly, ,-//>., sikisa kilo-kilo;
/'r., kilbla.
ENJOY, vap., nyangela.
ENJOYMENT, n. , bompala, monyanga.
ENLARGE, vin., kata; iv., katisa.
(sore), vt., pukbla.
ENMITY, ., ekengeni, nketu,
nguna; /'l'h.. teme esbngb.
long sustained, //.. nkita, nkbl6.
ENORMITY, ., ekuna; nph., ebe-

be e zambi.
ENORMOUS, adi., -ne.
(wicked), adj. , -be.
ENOUGH, vin., koka; vs., yengebenc; ind., be-be, be.
ENRAGE, iv., yakwisa, ngallsa;

vph. , pe nkclcle.
ENRAGED, rush about, vs., swenge; ind., awe.
ENRICH, vc., kulisa.
ENSIGN, n. , ebbla, mbola. For
names of various national en
signs, see ebola in BobangiEnglish section.
ENSLAVE, ."///. , kanga bontamba.
ENSNARE, vt., lombo, bongo (ko-

mbo).
ENSUE, vp//., banza nzotot vs.,
bandema, bandit.
ENSURE, vc., kendisa.
ENTANGLE, z'/., yukia [yukama,
yuka].
(in net), vc., tbkisa.
(in speech and said of mouth),
vin., zobo.
(of words), vs., kangana.
ENTER, vin., wele.
into a person's credit, vph., wele
mombale mo moto.
trap or snare and be caught,
vin., tbka.
ENTERPRISE (trial), ., momeko.
(zeal), //.. ntungu, mpimba,
mpweme.

ENTERTAIN a hope, vph., likia,

elikia.
(please), ;... biokisa.
(welcome), vap., nyangela.
when strangers are received and
hospitably entertained
the
verb tosn (to obey) is used.
ENTHRONE (a chief), vc., tuklsa ;
colq. , yanga ekanga.
ENTHUSIASM, . , molbnzb, monyanga.
ENTICE, vt., bongo, lombo (kombo).
secretly, vt. , yimba.
ENTIRE, vs., kolongono [kolongo], molongono [molongoj ;
ind., nye, wa.
(all), ,.-<//.. -nco, -ncbki.
(only), ind., tbto, bib; adj. ,
-tongb.

person or thing, n., mobimba.

ENTIRELY acquitted, vph., lbnga
wolbib.
with verbs denoting rejecting,
refusing, ind., piu, pio.
ENTIRETY, ., nkinki.
ENTRAILS, n.pl., mincobo.
clean, vt. , bwa.
takeout, vph., yolbla mincobo.
ENTRANCE, ///., munya mb
wele.
ENTREAT, vap., pekele, bondele,
bondemele.
piteously, vph., mongono nopekele.

ENTRUST with, vc., katisa.

ENTRY, n., ewelele, mawelele.
ENTWINE, vs., lingatana; iv.,
lingitinya.

ENUMERATE, vt., bala, beke.

(tell one by one), tp//., sakbla
(y)oko na (y)oko.
ENVELOP, vt., subia [subama,

siiba].
ENVELOPE, ///., nkobo e lingongo.
ENVY, vap. , kunela, yunela ; . ,
ekuna.
EPIDEMIC, ., mowa, ewewe ;
..'/-/., ekulu.
R.Mis, //., eteke, loposb.

( 325 )
EPILEPSY, n., moyotwa/iga.no.
EPISTLE, ., lingongo.
EPITAPH, nph., liyebisa li liwele.
EQUABLE, vs., yengebene ; ind.,
be-be, be.
EQUAL, vin., koka; vs., kokana ;
ind., be-be, be ; //., likoka.
(in rank), ., mwana.
to required number, vin., kiba ;
-.-,., kibisa.
EQUALITY in rank, ., bongoi.
EQUALIZE, vph., yengibinya lokbla.
EQUILIBRIUM, n., mozengengalo.
in, vs., zengengala; ind., zengele.
EQUITABLE, vs., yengebene.
EQUITY, ., boyengebeni.
EQUIVALENT, vs., yengebene.
of much money in property, .,
nkonzi.
to, /-///., koka or yengebene b
mutu mo.
of, pph., b mutu mo. Bring the

l
i

'
<

<
-

equivalent of cloth in rods, I

beke ngele b mutu mo bilamba.

EQUIVOCAL, 7v. , bblangana, bblbngana, kblbngana.
EQUIVOCATE, vc., bblinginya,
bblbnginya, kblinginya, lJnginya.
EQUIVOCATION, ., mokblongano, nkolongb, mbblongo.
ERADICATE, vt., sungbla.
ERECT, vt., sika [ind., sflca] ; vc.,
temisa ; vs. , kbmbbmbala
[kbmbbmbb]; ind., zu.
hold oneself, vs., bekekala, bekeke.
(of penis), vin., te'nga.
ERR, vs., yesene (wesene).
ERROR, ., liyese (liwese), mopengo.
ERUPTION, ., lokana.
come out, vin, , pima, pbla.
ESCAPE, vt., kotbla; vph., yiba
nzbto; v/., papwa.
from a trap, vin., longolo, longo.
ESCORT, vt., kamba, tbmba; .,
mbateli, mompanzi n.

i
'
'

'
!

EPI-EVEN

ESPECIALLY, ph., ebali se. That

father that loves all his chil
dren, but especially this one,
sangb enya akolinga bana
ba yeye banco, nde ebali se
dyd.
ESPOUSE, vt., banda.
ESPY, vc., kuminya.
ESSENCE, ., nguya.
(of matter), ., nzbto.
ESSENTIAL, vp., temibwa.
thing, n., ekbmisela.
ESTABLISH, vc., kbtisa.
ESTATE, n.pl., bikatela.
ESTEEM, vt., sdna.
ESTIMABLE, vph. , komo bosonibwi.
ESTIMATE, vc., kanisa, sekisa
(sekia).
ESTIMATION, ., bokanisi, bosekisi.
ESTRANGE, vc., sbminya, senginya, sekinya.
(remove), vc., tangwisa.
ETERNAL, dph., na lobiko.
ETERNITY, ., lobiko.
EULOGISE, vc., kakisa, sanzbla
(sekinya).
EULOGY, ., mosanzb.
EUNUCH, n., mokube n.
EUPHEMISM, n., mbblongb.
EUPHEMISTICALLY, speak, vs., bblbngana, bblangana; ind.,
bblongo.
EUPHONY, ., bobembani.
EUPHORBIA, n., lilanga.
EUROPEAN, ., mondele n.
EVACUATE, vin., pima, pbla; vc.,
pimisa, pblisa.
EVADE, vph., kete bi.
(a question), vc., yungisa.
EVANGELIST, nph., motambwisi
d noango ndamu.
EVAPORATE, vc., botisa, lemolo,
kbkolo.
moisture, vph., wisa mai.
EVASIVE, vs., pelengene.
EVEN, adv., nooki.
as, aph., ncoki ete.
as (same as), aph. , ete nde.
then, aph., nde ncoki angani.

EVEN-EXCEPT

( 326 )

EVEN (continued).
make. vt., cebolo, bunbla; ind.,
cebe, bu, welele.
EVENING, ., mpbkwa, mompokwa.
chat, have, vin., mo.
EVENT, ., zambi.
EVENTUALLY, use busa a.r an
adv. ; he will eventually do it,
busa alikeli; ///., na rulcmbe, ndembe yoko, na mbisa.
EVER, (////., na lobiko.
EVERLASTING, vph. , kolongono
na lobiko.
EVERYBODY, colq., nph., molongo
nzoku.
EVERY day, ph., busa na busa.
one, ///., moto na moto.
one without exception, ind., kukulubumba.
time, use derivative of counted
action from the verb if there be
a verb in the sentence, e.g.,
every time you come, loya
na loya lb koya yo.
EVIDENCE (account), ., motatb.
(proof), n.. ndimbb.
EVIDENT, vin., pima, pbla; vs.,
lundwa ; ind. , pole, polc'le.
EVIL, adj., -be ; ., bobe.
person, ., mobe.
person or thing, ., ebe'be.
speech, loud in, i,.-.. kalabana.
EWE, nph. , mbata e mwene.
EWER, nph. , ndungu e bososi.
EXACT, ind.. cd, be, be-be.
of numbers when these are digits,
or of compound numbers con
taining digits, /nJ. , bib.
of numbers when these are exactly
decimals without digits in them,
boku, kuku, kulukulu, kusele.
of number of times anything is
done, ind. , to ; aki nke linel
tb, he went exactly 4 times.
EXAGGERATE, vt., lala; vs., lalwa.
EXALT, vt., sanzbla.
(in place), vph., yakia ka.

EXAMINE (test), vt. , meka.

(enquire), vt., loboto ; ind., lobotu.
gently, vap., yale'la.
(by handling), vt., nyonyolo.
(a cloth), vt., bulbla, bulula.
EXAMINATION, ., momeko, moloboto.
EXAMPLE, //. , ndakisa, litand.a.
EXASPERATE, vc. , yakwlsa, bellsa ; i<s. , yakwa ; . '/. , bele.
EXCAVATE, vt., bokbla.
EXCEED, vt., leka, pita.
EXCEEDINGLY, ind., be (often ac
companied by putting the thumb
under the chin). It is also
expressed by (i) repeatins; the
noun or adj. requiring the in
tensified expression ; he is ex
ceedingly tall, anga mosandamosanda; it is very black,
cnga piti-piti ; (2) se with
the participle of the verb, sugar
is exceedingly sweet, monkokb mokocekubana se bocekubanaka; (3) by using the
ind. , after the verb ; the sky is
exceedingly clear, likolb ll6yetwa yetb ; (4) in speech
any noun or adj. may be intensi
fied by prolonging the last syl
lable. See also EXCESSIVELY.
EXCEL, vt., leka, lekbla, pita.
See also EXCELLENT.
EXCELLENT, dph.,ta. bolamu, na
zeni be; vph., lekbla bola
mu. When it is desirable to
construct a stativephrase lekbla
is used with bolamu to com
plete it, while if an active sense
is required leka or pita is
used; this is excellent, eye
ckolekola bolamu ; this ex
cels that, eye ekoleka ye'ngo
bolamu.
ExcEJ'T, express by (i) ndiki, obo.
and negative construction of the
verb, except ye do, obb bbnga
nde d kela ka ; (2) by use .
i'he purportive form of the verb,
except ye do, binb nozala 6

( 327)
EXCEPT (continued).
kola ka ; (3) by use of tu se ;
take all the rods except one,
kwaka ngele linco tu se
loko; except a person do, tu
se moto nokela; (4) by the
use of such words as tika, ldngbla ; take all the rods except
one, kwaka ngele linco ldngbla se loko.
EXCEPTION, iiph. (zambi ll)
mponza.
to, take, 'v/'//., bekolo mbeko.
with one, /'//., tu se (zambi
ll)oko.
EXCESS, n., bopuli, mpula, mpondo; ///,/., ngandanda, kandanda.
of clothing, . , mpunzako, ndende.

EXCESSIVE, v.-., ngandandala.

(of heat), -'..., langangala; -in.,
ngala.
EXCESSIVELY, do, vs., sokotana
[sbkoto], yungutana.
see EXCEEDINGLY, also express by
means of ebali; he is exces
sively rich, anga ebali mokuli.
EXCHANGE, vc., bukinya; vs.,
bukana.
EXCITABLE, in, /., sokoto-sokoto.
EXCITE, use causative of verb ex
pressing the action. Also by
vc. , sokitinya ; vs. , sokotana ;
/K</., sokoto.
ears of a person by some intelli
gence, vph. , yombbla matbi,
lombola matbi, lombwisa
matol lombo-lombo.
EXCITEMENT, ., mosokotano.
EXCLAIM, vs., kamwa.
EXCLAMATION, ., nkamo.
used at end of sentences, very
much affected by some of the
natives, ta! //., bata.
EXCLUDE (forbid), vt., yeka.
(put on one _side), vt., bulla
[bulama, bulo |.
(remove), vt., tangbla.

EXCEPT-EXPANSE

EXCLUSIVE, vph., kanga nzbto.

of, ph., tu se ; and by boya-

kiaka in sentences in which

exclusive of means in addition

to ; e.g. , he receives 60 rods per

month exclusive of cloth and
food, akoyamba eyeli yoko
ngele 60 na bilamba na boll
boyakiaka.

EXCOMMUNICATE, vt., tangbla;

,;. , bengisa.
EXCREMENT, ., nyel (batubi).
EXCUSE, ., mokalo, eyako ; vph. ,
ta eyako ,*/' mokalo.
by comparative insufficiency, vs. ,
singana.

(deny), vs., yangana.

EXECRATE, vp//., kata lokwako.
EXECUTE (behead), vph., kwete
mutu.
(kill), vt., bomn / in.l, bomu.
(plans), vt., baka.
EXECUTIONER, ., mokweti.
EXEMPT, vs., kbswa.
EXERCISE, vt., kola.
influence over, vc., bendinya.
oneself strenuously in anything,
v... sokotana [sokoto].
E.VERTION, n., mosokotano.
EXHAUST, vc., sillsa, koisa, nyingwisa; vin., 1-b, sila; ///,/.,
wa, nye.

EXHAUSTION, ., eningi.
EXHIBIT, vc., boninya; vs., bonono,

EXHIBITION", ., mobonono.
EXHORT, vc., ben^inya.
EXILE, ,-///., tangbla mpenza
lombombalu.
in, vs., lombombala,
EXIST, vin., zala.
EXISTENCE, go out of, vs., sinana ;
.-. ., sinisa.

EXORBITANCY, . , likenene.
EXORBITANT, vin., ngala.
price, //., llteke.
EXORBITANTLY, pay, vt., wokbla.
EXPAND, vt., bibbla, katisa ; vs.,
bibwa ; vin. , kata, nene.
EXPANSE, ., etando.
of flowing water, ., lileka.

EXPA-EXTIN

( 32S )

EXPATIATE, vph., sokbtana na

bolobi.
EXPECT, vt., lamba, likia; vap.,
kekela.
EXPECTATION, ., elikia.
EXPECTORATE, vt., pambbla ;
vph., twa ncoi or ekolu.
EXPEDIENT, vin., koka; ., bokoki.
EXPEDITE, vc., salinginya [salisali].
EXPEDITION (speed), ., lobangu,
bwalb.
(journey), //.. mobembo [mokingi].
go on an, vph., ke mobembo.
EXPEL, vc., bengisa, pimisa, ldngwisa.
EXPEND, '.;-., silisa, cakinya.
EXPENDITURE, vph., mocakano
mo (mosolo).
EXPENSE, ., motuya, ntalo.
EXPENSIVE, el/'h., na motuya.
EXPERIENCE, ., boyekasani.
an attainment by, ., moyekasano.
EXPERIENCED, vs., yekasana,
mesene.
EXPERIMENT, ., momekd; vt.,
meka.
EXPERT, vin., kbka; ., mokoki.
EXPIATE, vt. , kala, yuta.
EXPIRE, vs., selwa, sila.
EXPIRATION, ., bosili.
EXPLAIN, vph., songo mambi,
pblisa mambi.
EXPLANATION, ., ntina.
EXPLETIVE, ., lokanyo.
use an, vt. , kanybla.
EXPLICIT, ind., polele, pole.
EXPLODE, vs., totwa.
EXPLOIT, nph., ekelela c lumu.
EXPLORE, vph. , ke nokengele, ke
noloboto.
EXPLOSION, ., bototwi.
EXPORT, vph. , tinda mboko ; nph. ,
mboko ll botindaka.
EXPOSE, vc., pbllsa, pimisa (bimisa); /.'/., pbtolo, libbla,
bbmbbla, lcalia [kalema,
kale].

! EXPOSED to sun, vph., balela

mwese.
- EXPOSTULATE with, vt., kasa.
EXPOSURE, derive gerund frotn
words under expose.
EXPOUND, vph., pblisa ntina e.
EXPRESS juices, vt., sobo.
meaning, vph., pblisa ntina.
(squeeze out), vt., yama, pioto ;
ind., pio.
EXPRESSION (squeezing out), .,
bopioti, boyami. .
manner of, use derivative oj
manner ; expression in speak
ing, elobela.
EXPRESSIVE (of speech), vs., temwa.
EXQUISITE (choice), nph., zem be.
(keen), nph., nguya be.
EXTEND (hand over), vt., seinbola.

(price), vt., ngangbla.

(reach), vin., yetela, ka (aka),
in this present form only.
(widen), vc., nyengisa.
EXTENDING in every direction,
ind., ll-ll, tambili-tambili.
EXTENSIVE (far reaching), vs.,
nyenyengele, nyengetene ;
ind., nyengele.
EXTENSIVELY, construe on follow
ing modelsmoking is ex
tensively practised by the
natives, bonui makaya bonga kangala se ezalela c
bance banco.
EXTENT (depth), ., liloko.
(distance), . , mosika.
(height), ., moteli.
(length), n., bosanda.
(number), ., motuya.
(width), ., lltaki._
(thickness), //., mbinga.
EXTERIOR, n., ndanda.
EXTERMINATE, vc., sinisa; vs.,
sinana.
EXTERNAL, use ndanda in adj. cl.
I EXTINCT, vs., sinana; vph., U|
mbana pi.
i EXTINGUISH, vc., llmwisa (limisa) ; -..,.. llmwa.

EXTIN-FACE
EXTINGUISHER, ., elimwisa.
EXTOL, vt., sanzbla.
EXTORT, vt., ybsolo, kwakbla.
EXTORTION, n. , ekwako, ekwakata, nkembi.
suffer from, vin. , kemba.
EXTORTIONATELY with, deal, vc.,
kembisa.
EXTRA, use boyakiaka in adj. cl.
article in addition to money
price, n., mobengo.
person not regularly belonging to
the company, ., mompakia,
etenge.
quantity added to measure, . ,
loco.
EXTRACT, vt., bila ; vs., bilwa.
tooth, v//>. , bonbla lino, bukbla
lino.
[po.
EXTRAORDINARY, dph., na mpamatter, ., mpapo imosei).
EXTRAVAGANT (with money), vt.,
lalbla.
(in use of words), vt., lalola.
EXTREME, ind., be.
EXTREMITY (end), bosuku kuku,
mpasa.
in a, vin., kelele ; TV.. kelisa ;
in<l, kelelu.
EXTRICATE, vt., tungbla, pusbla,
kangbla.
EXUDE, vin., pima, pbla.
EXULT, vin., langa; vs., langubana; /'/., langu-langu.
EXULTATION, shout of, ., elango.
(word of), . , mosanzb, ncanzb.
EYE, ., liso [pl., miso].
blind, nph., llso pbto or kutu
or mpombi.
bloodshot, nph., liso libtela.
closed, but seeing, vs., tunya-

ngana.
cross, vs. , kengama ; /./. , kenga; /////., liso motenganaki.
pupil white and blind, nph., liso
ntendi, mondondoli or montentii.
inside of, nph. , ebale e liso,
inward corner of, nph., ntina 6
llso.

EYE (continued).
outward corner of, nph. , mpasa
6 liso.
mucus, nph. , mpese e liso.
of cat, nph., liso ntendi.
of needle, nph., zolo ll londongo, liusu li londongo.
open, vt., libbla.
open blind eyes, vt. , tendolo.
roll, vc., zblinginya.
shut, vt., pbto, liba.
socket, nph., libela li liso.
socket,
empty,
nph., liso
empweti.
diseases of, . , monkala, ete.
squint, vph., lekolo lisp.
staring, nph. , miso bbli-bbli.
suffer with cataract, vs. , pelwa,
temwa, texigwa.
sunken, nph., miso bongosonu,
mbongo or mpbkb.
-ball, nph., lombolo lb liso.
-brow, ., lokiki.
-brow, elevate, vt., nanbla, nyalbla, langbla.
-lash, //., lokongia.
-lid, ., lotoko.
[pele.
service, nph., bosali bb pele-sight, n. , boboni.
-sight, dim, vph., bono limalima.
-sight, clear, vs. , yetwa ; ind. ,
yetete ; nph. , miso masanda.
-witness, nph., motatoli d bobonoko.

FABLE, ., ece.
FABRICATE, vc., kutinya, kutisa.
FABULOUSNESS, n., bobice.
FACE, ., elongi (elenge).
downwards, put, bbbia [bbbama, boba].
lie on, vs., sambema; ind.,
samba.
of anvil, nph., mutu mb nzondo.
of, before the, pph., b miso ma.
to face, ii.. bcob.
uppermost, turn, vt., kutbla.

FACES-FALL

( 330 )

FACES, make, vph., kakitinya

elongi.
FACETIOUS, dph., na likengwa.
FACILE, dph. , na nyonyo.
FACILITATE, lIC., salinginya;
ind., sali-sali.
FACILITY, ., nyonyo.
FACING, vs., kekana ; ind., ncbnga, cd.
FACT, nph. , zambi likelibwi.
FACTION, ., mokakwano.
FACTIOUS, dph., na monteti, na
mokakwand.
FACTIOUSNESS, ., monteti, mo
kakwand, moloboto, mobala.
FACTOR (arith. ), . , ebulisela.
FACTORY (manufactory), ., makelela 8.
(trading), ///., mbbka e mimbbngo.
FACULTY, ., bwanya.
FADE, vs., kabwa, limwa, lebwa ;
-'in. , nyita ; vs. , lebwangana,
luangana.
F/ECES, ., nyei (batubi).
FAG, vt., nyingbla.
FAGOT, ., ebimba.
FAIL, vs. , yesene (wesone).
in spirit, vs., sulwa, sululala |
[sululu] ; /n,l , ngbu.
|
to, vii/., limba.
I
to arrive, vin., yuba.
FAILURE, ., ebebe, liyesc (liwese).
FAINT (have fit),v///.,waboncinga.
(from blow), vs., lebwa.
(indistinct), ,-/.. limalima (lilallma).
(weary), vin., langa, ko ; vs.,
nyingwa.
-hearted, ., bobolu ; dph., na
moloko mokou, na moloko
mo ncoso.
FAINTING fit, ., boncinga.
FAIR (just), vs., yengebene.
(of skin), vs., poibana [poipoi].
(of weather), . ' .. Jcanswa; ind.,
kwa (said of day).
-minded, dph., na moloko sembo.

FAIRY, ., eiti (eyiti).

FAITH, ., boyambi.
have. vt., yamba ; i<ph., zala
na boyambi.
FAITHFUL (adhere), j<s., bandema; ind., banda.
to, vap., bake'la.
(dutiful), dph. , na bobaki.
person, ., mobaki.
(reliable), vph., komo boyambibwi.
FAITHFULLY attend to, vt., baka.
FAITHFULNESS, . , bobaki.
FAITHLESS, vph., senga boya
mbi, senga bobaki.
FALL, vii/., kita; ., ebimbo,
montabala ; ind. , ku, wosd.
abrupt, of ground on bottom of
river, n., mbeka, mobeka,
moloi.
and rise, vs. , bibngana, cabana,
kblbngana, kblangana, nyengana.
apart (of parcel), vs., nyengengele.
(as leaf), vs., lebwa, lebwangaua, luangana.
asleep, vph., kita ngbli, ke
ngbli.
fast asleep, ;'/'/., kita ngbli bu.
away, vs., bukwa, longwa.
backward, vph., kita manoankale.
by accident, vs., pusumwa, selimwa ; i-/'//., kita mpwese.
crashing, vph., kita ku.
(of erections, trees, etc.), vs. , bnndwa, bundwangana.
forward, vph., kita kuka.
from a height, vs. , kolbmwa.
from upright position, vs., nongwa.
in, vs., bundwa, bundwangana.
in drops, vin., tanga.
in (of toothless mouth), vph.,
wele kobe.
in price, vs., kakwa; vph.,
sunda motuya.
into plot or trap unwarily, vs. ,
yaibana; ind., yai-yai.

FALL-FAR

FALL (continued).
into rank, /.s. , ybngana.
into water, vph., kita b mai
kubu.
let oneself, vph., sukbla nzbto.
(of rain), r '///.. no, tomba.
(of river), vs., kokeme; ind.,
kbke.
(of tears or stars), vs., bilwa.
off, vs., kolbmwa, koiigwa.
off (of hair), ..-., zubwangana ;
vs., nyblwa.
(of leaves), vs. , yolwa.
on face, vs. , sambema [samba],
kukama [kuka]; vph., kita
kuka or samba.
out (quarrel), vs., ybmana.
over (of rotten flesh), vs. , sondwa.
overboard, vs., yoswa.
perpendicularly, vph., kita zu.
short, vs., kutwa.
short (of mark), vs., bototele ;
///'/., betete.
sick, vl'h., kula bokono, kitela
bokono.
struck by a spear, vs. , ngengwa.
to anyone (to do), vph., kitana
bmbe.
to pieces (untied), vs., puswangana.
to pieces (unclosed), vs. , pulwangana.
to pieces (come apart), vs. , pandwangana.
to pieces (fall down), vs., bundwangana.
with a crack, vph. , kita ki.
FALLACY, //., bombala, lokuta.
FALLEN (into water), ind. , tobb.
in (of toothless mouth), vph.,
wele kobe.
on top of each other, ind. , kdnga-konga.
FALLING down together, ndj. , mabwa.
into water, ind. , bwabu.
of water from spout, ind., solololo.
(of waterfall), ind., putu-putu,
tubu-tubu.

FALLOW land, ., mobnla.

FALSE, use lokuta as a/e ndj. or in
adj. cl. lt is lalse, enga zambi ll lokuta, or enga se
lokuta.
bottom of bottle, nph., lltoba li
molangi, montolu mo molangi.
representations concerning, make,
vap., lengele.
towards, iv., pelisa.
FALSEHOOD, .,_ lokuta.
FALSIFY, ,-,., kutinya, kutisa.
(prove a lie), vph., limbola lo
kuta.
FALTER (in action), vs., kamakama (kakama), simbasimba ;
///./. , kamakama, simbasimba.
FAME, ii., lumu (lokumu), montala.
FAMILIAR, ,-... , yekasana, misene.
FAMILIARIZE, vc., yekisinya.
FAMILY, ii., libbta, etbnga, cbemba.
meal, ., ncanga.
mother of, ., ebbtaki, mobbti.
ties, n., botbnga.
FAMINE, molaka, mokala, pata
suffer from, vph. , kitela pata.
FAMISH, vph., wa nzala.
FAMOUS, dph., na lumii, na montala.
FAN, n., epupaki; vt., pupa,
pope, pepolo.
palm, lilebb, molebb (ndcbb).
FANATIC, ., mozungazungi.
FANATICALLY, act, vs., zungazunga.
FANCIFULNESS, . , mongano.
FANG, //. , lino, lonzali ; /////. ,
ntina e lino.
FAR, n. , mosika ; ind. , lokbko.
advanced in time, vs., kotwa ;
.- ''//., kbba.

apart, vph., silmasei mosika.

as far as (unto), ph., yeka o.
as far as (same distance as), aph. ,
etc c nga mosika mb.
away, vs., langangala.

FAR-FEARFUL

( 332 )

FAR (continued).
away, but in sight, vs., tombbmbala,

better, construe on following

models(i) to die is far better
than to do evil, bowi bbnga
ebali bolamu akopita (note
the pronominal in this con
struction) bokcli bobe ; (2)
bowi na bokcli bobe, ebali
bolamu bowi ; (3) enga eba
li bolamu nowa bokopita
bo nokela bobe.
sighted, dph., na liso lisanda.
to ? how, inter, ph., mosika mo
. . . mbnga bbni-bbni ?
FARE, vin., zala.
FAREWELL, n. , bokakani.
take, ','-., kakana.
present, n.. mokakano.
FARM, .,lisala.

make a, vph., kakbla lisala.

FARMER, ., mosali.
FARMSTEAD, //.. libana, lilata.
FARTHER than, go, vs., lekana.
The prep. o ic understood but
not used after this verb.
FASCINATE, vt., lombo, bongo
(kombo).

FASHION, ., litanda.
a following of high, ., bonkembi.

in this, ind., be.

of story or dance, ., lisau.
of wearing cloth, see CLOTH.
-pride, //., losai, boyanga.
FAST (from food), vph., kila boli.
for dead, vph., kila or kata
mompo ; . , mompo.
asleep, vph., kita ngbli bu or
bb, nybkokolo na ngbli.
hold, vt. , bumba ; ind. , bu-bu.
tied, /'///., kanga ko-ko.
FASTEN, -'/. , kanga, koto, tingia
[tingama, tinge].
by bar, vt., yika (moikako).
off sewing, vph., bomela londimba.
up a box, vph. , pbto nkobe.
FASTIDIOUSNESS, ., losete, mongand.

FAT, ., mali.
become, vin., sobo, kata, yo-

ngo.
(corpulent), vs., bakatala ; ind. ,
bakata.

near tail of catfish, ., lobila.

(of flesh), OT., lototolo ; n. , lototo.
FATAL, ' '*//., le'ndandala na liwa.

blow, deal, vt., selolo.

FATHER, . , sango, mokinzi.
-in-law, nph. , bol bo bwele.
FATHERHOOD, n., bosango.
FATHERLESS, vph., senga sangb.
FATHOM, vin., yetela; //., loboko.
part of, // . , ekene.
FATIGUE, n., eningi, eseli; vs.,
nyingwa; i-., nyingbla; ve.,
nyingwisa.
FATTED, vin., yongo, kata.
FATTEN, vc. , yongisa, katisa.
FATTY, vin., nama ; ind., nama-

nama.
FAULT, ., loma [pl. nzbma],
cyu (bondunu).
find, vt., banza.

FAULTLESS, nph., bosenga biyu.

FAVOUR, ., ngblu.
shew, vph., ybka ngblu.
FAVOURABLE, vin., komo.
FAVOURITE, ., nkisa.
FAVOURITISM, ., bonkisa.
FAWN, vin. , pele ; vs. , ndelengene, nyanganyanga.
FEAR, ., bongo, lobali ; rph.,
ybka bongo or lobali.
have great, .--'., ngendengende ;
/</., ngendengende.
to give pain by touching wound,
., ngengeti.
to repeat what has been previous
ly said, vin. , kukela.
FEARFUL
event, .,
cmwa.
emwanga.
of being found out, ind., leme-

leme.
FEARFULNESS (of a palaver), .,
lomwa.

regarding something future, . ,

ekani.

( 333 )

FEARFULNESS (continued).
ditto, cast away, vph., bwaka
ekani.
FEARLESS, ,/;-h., na bonzanga ;
.'"/<v. , senga bobolu.
FEASIBLE, vp. , yisibwa.
FEAST, ., elambo ; vpl/., le biobio.
FEAT, ., ekelela.
FEATHER, n. , lisala.
(of arrow), n. , lopete.
FEATHERLESS, ind., kolo-kolo.
FEATURE, . , lolenge, lokbla,
lolimo ; //<., elembo e sosolo.
FECUNDATE, ;///.. pe libbta.
FECUNDITY, n., ekonza.
FEDERATION, n., moputano.
FEE, vt., kbnda ; n. , likbnda,
mbemba, mokbndo.
to arbitrator, n. , bolombe.
to a doctor, advance, n., mokwa-zamba.
to doctor, .. mbando.
to middle man, n., ncebwasi.
FEEBLE, vs., selwangana, zangazanga.
FEEBLENESS, ., bokou.
FEEBLY striking (of gun hammer),
ind., kwekese.
FEED, vt., le; tv., lisa (leisa,
lesa, liisal; i'/., yokolo, yonga.
(give suck) iv.. nuangisa.
FEEDER (for child), nph., elamba
e kole na mwana.
(for sick person), nph., nkeni e
mokoni.
FEEDING place, n., zoko.
FEEL, vt., ybka.
for or at (touch), mama.
sure_, vph., ybka mplbko sutu,
sunda molbko sutu.
(try), vt., meka.
FEELER, n. , lonzembe.
FEIGN, vt., lembola.
FELICITY, ., esengo.
FELINE animals, various, . , ngampango, montula, monkonb,
ngoi, lobwa, nkosi, zolongoi, mbebo, zbbo.

|
'
,

'
i
I

FEARFUL-FETID

FELL, .v. . kitisa.

(in sewing), n. , nkobo.
FELLOW, n., moninga (bombaka). Phrases such as fellow
man, fellow disciple, are constri4Cted without the adjective
particle following this word,
moninga moto, moninga
moyekoli,
wife (in polygamist's household),
. , mokale, mokana.
FELLOWSHIP, ., botbnga, mopu
tano.
have, vs., putana.
FELT, vs. , ybkana.
FEMALE, ., mwene [pl. , bene].
fruitful, n. , ebbtaki, mobbti.
incapable of sexual intercourse,
//., monzaso n,
marriageable, although not mar
ried, .. ebunani.
FEMININE, use mwene or bomwene in adj. cl.
FENCE, //., lobalaka.
chief's, //.. ekate.
make, vt. , komba ; vap. , kombela.
FERMENT, vin., luluba (yuluba).
(become intoxicating), vii/., kbta.
FERMENTATION, ., bolulubi.
FERN, ., eyelele.
FEROCIOUS, vin., ngala.
FERRULE, n., libole.
FERRY across, vt., basbla.
FERTILE, vph., koka na bobbti.
FERTILITY, n. , bobbti.
FERTILIZE, vc., bbtisa.
FERVENT, vin., lenga; .-v., poibana ; ind., poi-poi.
FERVOUR, ., ntungu, mpimba,
mpweme; /////., mpbsa poipoi.
FESTER, vin., luluba (yuluba),
lbko.
FETCH, vt., beke.
back, vc. , butinya, butwisa
(butisaj.
in, vc., welisa.
out, vc. , pimisa, pbllsa.
FETID, vin., lumba ; dph., nancolo ebe.

FETISH-FILE

( 334 )

FETISH, n., bonganga. Various

kinds in common use are /
ecaca (encanoa), czb e
nkbka, likinda, mokombe,
mondbngb mo moikako,
ncekia, motendb.
death by power of fetish, .,
nkali. A man gets a fetish to
give him success say, for in
stance, in lobesi, and after
getting the fetish a person of
the village dies, the owner of
the fetish is said by the people
to lekisa nkali, and such
owner used often to be put to
death.
in farm, put, vt. , sekia.
make, vt. , toko.
maker, nph., nganga e likutu.
FETTER, vph., kanga na likosi.
FETTERS (iron), ., likosi.
FEUD, . , okengeni.
be at, vs., kengene.
FEVER, ., mowewe.
FEVERISH, vin., zuka ; OT., yukuma, yukatana ; ///,/. , yukuyuku.
FEW, adj., -ke; eolq., mbale ;
ind., mwa (this precedes the
noun),
too, ind., ngbe-ngbe.
FEWER, become, vs., yangwa.
FIANCE, FIANCEE, n., ndcko i.
FIBRE for weaving cloth, ., londimba.
from a kind of bamboo palm, .,
nkinga.
of palm nut, ., lokangola.
used as string, ., moliki.
used to wash body with, .,
enyuka.
[nkambi.
which has been chewed, n. . moFICKLE, .-/., bblbngana, bolangana; /</... bblongo.
FICKLENESS, n., nceko.
FICTION, . , mbala, ece.
FICTITIOUSNESS, ., bombala.
FIDDLE, ., longombi.
FIDELITY, ., bobaki.
FIDGETY, ind., kbsa-kosa, kbsbkosb.

FIDGETINESS, ., ekoseli, mokos0.

FI/:LD, n., ebeli (ebelo), epa.

glass, /////., talatala 6 mosika.
FIERCE, vin., ngala; ind., ngalingali.
FIERCENESS, ., bonzanga, nkelele.
FIERY, nph., mpbsa e lika ; dph.,
na meya.
[na.
(of delirious eyes), vs., telanga(of temper), vs., langwa; dph. ,
na monkei.
FIFE, n., libio, ebio.
FIFTEEN, nph. , zbmu na (mi)tand.
FIFTEENTH, see ORDINAL numbers.
FIFTIETH, see ORDINAL numbers.
FIFTY, n. , nyumitano.
FIG tree, . , motoko.
FIGHT, vin., mana; ., etumba,
bobita, bomano.
with drawn knives, vs. , komana.
with tists, vin., buna ; n., mbiki.
FIGHTER, ., momani.
FIGURE (appearance), n., etemele.
(numeral), n . ebekele.
bent, nph. , etemele e yumba.
with chest forward, s_., bekekala ; nph. , etemele e bekeke.
erect and straight, nph., etemele
e biokblo, kombele, tombele
<'/ ' tundulu.
FIGURATIVE, part., bosingana.
FILCH, .y'v/.. walibana na
loyiba, yiba wall ;:.'.. kokolo.
FILE, n., mokoiwa /'".'.. kusu.
wala.
rough, // "-/.. mokoiwa mo kbbkbtb nguya.
bastard, nph., mokoiwa mb
kbbkbtb.
2nd cut, nph., mokoiwa mb
ntei.
smooth, nph., mokoiwa mb seli.
dead smooth, nph., mokoiwa
mb seli nguya.
square, nph., mokoiwa mb
nkenge linei.

(335)

FILE (continued).
saw, ///'/.. mokolwa md likenge ncato.
round, ///'/}., mokolwa mo mingili.
half round, nph. , mokolwa na
etomba mingili.
entering, nph., mokolwa mo
boweleke.
threesquare, nph. , as saw file.
knife edge, nph., mokolwa mii
mbieli.
flat, ///'//., mokolwa mci patata.
double cut, nph., mokolwa mobketibwa seketenu.
single cut, or float, nph., moko
lwa mooketibwa semba.
sharpen, vt., seba.
teeth like saw, vt., kala; vs. ,
kalwa.
FILIAL relation, ., bomwana.
FILIP, vt. , pasbla.
FILL, .-. . . nyallsa, tbndisa ; vit/.,
nyala, tbnda.
(as smoke), vph., kibisa kibibalu.
(cram), vt., kinza; vap., kindela.
full, .-/'//.. nyallsa lebe-lebe.
out, vc., katisa.
to brim, i////.. lebisa lebe-lebe.
up (a hole), /'/.. lambbla, boka ;
.-///., sakela.
up high above edge of vessel (of
dry goods), vph. , nyallsa
baka-baka.
up the number, vph., kokisa
motuya.
vacant places, vs. , kokana.
FILLED up, vs., lambangana.
FILM, ., moleli-leli; nph., eteke
6 leli-leli.
FILTER, ., ekongeli; r'/. , kongo; .-///.. kengisa mai kengelele.
FILTH, n., mbindo, manydli.
bodily, //.//. , bilili, boula (boyula).
in water, //. , luti.
FILTHINESS, //., bompunda.

1
|

|
'

FILE-FINGER

FILTHY, make, vc., yindisa.

language, nph.. mambi ma
manyali, mambi ma bo
mpunda.
FlN, //.. lisasala.
dorsal, //.. monkanza.
of nzombo, aiso anal fin of any
fish, ., Unele.
FINALE, n., matindisa 8.
FINALITY, ,, bobele-bobele.
FINALLY, ind., wa, nye ; nph.,
bosuku kuku.
FIND, vc. , kuminya ; vt., kundola, lombla.
which must be brought to the
master of the slave who finds it,
., mpoli.
fault with, vt., banza.
first shaie of, ., ekuli.
second share of, ., eteloli.
FINE, v/h., le mosolo ; vc.,
potisa.
edge of knife, vt., benge, bengolo.
for adultery, ., zambo.
for entering a place of mystery or
for falling, ., epotb.
of day or n/ght, and said of sky,
. . , kangwa; ///'/., kwa.
(decorated), vs., wangangala
[wanganga, wangala].
(of point), ind., nconco, ncwoncwe, ndwe-ndwe.
(powdered), ind., muluku-muluku.
(small), ind., mie-mii.
FINED, vin. , poto. This word is also
used as a cry when a chief falls,
after which he is expected to
pay to those who join in the
cry the sum of money then
named.
FINELY clothed, vin., sunge'la;
vs. , watatala ; ind. , watata.
FINERY, ., nkembo, but more
usual in its collective form
mankembo.
FINGER, ., mosei; coll., ncei.
cut off, nph., mosei engulu.
additional or sixth, n. , montobya.

FlNGER-FlSH

( 336 )

FINGER (continued).
I FIRST (continued).
thumb, /////., niosei mo bongo. I
at, //.. nconco.
fore, ///'//.. mosei mo ndbmi,
go, -'/.. yambbla; vph., Kwa
mosei mo mobali.
mobosb.
little, iip//., mosei mo ntundu,
(immediately), . , bobele.
mosei mb nkako.
-fruits, //.>'-.. mbolo ll boso.
fore, bent like a hook, n. , mosee also ORDINAL numbers.
nkondo.
FISH, n., ncu.
FINISH, CT., sila; vc., silisa ;
various kinds (the numbers re
ind., wa, nye.
fer to the names of the san,e
off sewing, vph., bome'la ndifish at different periods of its
mba; n.. libomela.
growth). Bokete, bongunzuFINITE, dph., na ndelo.
lu ; i ebindi, 2 libundu ;
FIRE, n.pl., meya n.
ebwclc', ekata. ekiteleli,
a gun, l/-//., ta bota, pisbla
elblo, epbyb, esenga isenga
lino.
3), etbtotb ; I kata 3, 2 moa volley, vph. , bola or pula
nkbnga; libbngo; i libulu,
monkbma.
2 liyanga, 3 ebeye ; likaby accident (of gun), vph., piswa
kata, lilibko ll libuku, likbmpwese.
ko ll lingungu, likbko li
by friction, make, vph., seba
llpiti, likbko ll mandoko,
meya.
likbko ll mboka, likbko li
(of gun), v.r.,_tbtwa; vin., lota.
moleke, likbko ll mompeset on, vt. , tumba.
mbe, likbko ll ngoi, likbko
sleeping without, ind. , bonkutu ;
ll ngubu; i likbko ll nkavph., tutuma bonkutu.
mba, 2 likbko ll libata ; lliatake, vin., lika.
ng wa. lilembe ; i llmunya
-brand, n., moninginya.
(llmunye), 2 lobesi ; lingeli,
-Hy, ., montentei.
llsasankenge, llselenge, ll
-lessness, n. , nkutu, mpimba.
yanga ll koto (kbto 3), lomiss (of gun), vph., wa nkala.
kaka, lokange, lopeke, lo-place, ., elenge, mabeke.
pbnde, losele (loca), mbbtb,
-proof, vph., kolongono or mombbtb-yeye, mbubu ; i molongono b meya [kolbngb,
boyo or lobesi lb moboyo,
molbngb].
2 nyanda ; mokekeleke,
FIREWOOD, ., lokanzu, nkbni.
mokobe ; i mokbsa, 2 ncinga . -- mompende, 3 moburning, but not glowing, .,
etitingi.
nguya ; moleke, molombe,
piece of, //. , mosendu, losendu.
mombblbngb,
mombbma
to fire, add, vc., tindisa.
(mbbmaki), mompongb, moFIRM, v/ii.. kbta, kenda, kemba ;
ncancala, mongiangili, monkala; i monkene, 2 me. '. . , kbtisa, kendlsa, kembinga ; monkilili, montiantesa; ///-/., ngbi.
[kwi.
nga, moswa,mpele-bikandd,
(of covenant or promise), ind.,
mpongi, mwasi, mwenge,
to purpose, vs., yikakala.
ncele, nduka-bibembe, ngoFIRMAMENT, nph., etando e lllb, nina 5, nkala, nkindisakolo.
matbi, nyumi, nzabi ; I nzeFIRMNESS, ., bokbti.
lele, 2 mombete, 3 niololu ;
FIRST (in time), n., nconco ; ind.,
nzbmbo (ncembe, ncemb'eyambo; n., boso.
bale), nzbto.
(of place), . , mobosb.

( 337 )

FISH-FLAKE

FISH (continued).
FIST, ., ebbnda, liboto.
dried, ///>/>.. ncu ll nzbmo, nou
clench, .-/'/-., yumba libbtb.
ll boyitaka.
strike with, vph., bbla libbto.
FISTICUFFS, ., mbiki.
dried ncinga doubled up, .,
FIT (faint), ., boncinga; vph.,
likbta.
wa bonoinga.
fresh, nph., nou ebesu ; in pl.,
(proper), -;.. komisa, longinou limbesu ,.v ncu mbesu.
binya, yongibinya ; vin.,
frizzled to be tested, . , mobabo.
komo; .--., yengebene, ldhook, //., libasa, lilobo.
Ucltlc. /////. ,mpotb c lamba ncu.
ngbbana.
-poison, ., litoke. This is '
out canoe for a journey, -'ph.,
derived from various trees, as
yanga bwengo.
monconcongo, mbaka, mbotenon into mortise or shaft into
socket, vt. , ybngla \ind. , yonzu, mpande, lilangwa.
nga].
-scale, //. , lopeso.
spearing, lisolo. This is also
together, vt. , tongia [tongama,
the name of the place where
tonga].
up, i'.-., komisa.
fish-spearing is performed.
with spear, vt., sblo,
FITFUL, use bilembe on thefollow
with bolbko, vt., selinga.
ing model/ he is fitful in the
performance of his duties,
with hook, vt., basa, lobo.
akobaka bibekela bi yeye
with net, vt., luba.
with torch, vt., kwetekele.
na bilembe.
FISHERMAN, head, ntangi 5.
FiTTi.NGi vs. , longbbana, yenge
bene ; /-/. , komo.
assistant, ., mpendi 5.
with net, //. , molubi.
FITTINGS, nph., biloko bi komi
FISHING excursion, . , molako.
sa.
camp, ////'., Uganda e molako. FIVE, adj., -tano ; //., mitano.
Fix (appoint), vc., slkisa ; vph.,
camp, people of, /<'.. bonganda.
metbod, //. , mombbko, ncelitika ndaka e.
nga, nkobb, nzoi \vph., wa
boundaries, vph., ketemandelo.
nzoi].
(eyes) upon, vph., keka ti or zu
season, //.. bomaluba.
or cb or bolamu.
with torches, ., bokwetekele.
(fasten), 7't.. kanga, yika, kbnets, i/., boluba, nceli, bosilo.
tisa, kendisa, kembisa.
fence, ., lokala.
firmly, //,//., nkenke, nge'nge
fence, end of which is drawn in
used \\ith previous verbs.
imprisoning the fish, . , liko(in ground), vt., sika.
tb.
(price), vph., kete motuya.
hook, n. , libasa, lilobo.
sewing, vt., lengele (lbngele).
trap, /.-., oliibwa ; various kinds FIXED (not able to move), vin.,
of traps, bolbko [mouth of.
kelele; vc., kelisa ; ind.,
lltungu], bondiki, ebbke,
kelelu.
ebbkb, ekete, etambo, etiti,
firmly, ndj., ngenge, nkenke,
eika (eyika), limbembele,
ngingi.
lingele, losonga, moleke, FLABBY, ind., tou-tou.
mompanga, motima, nco- FLAO, n., ebbla, mbbla, see also
nga.
ENSIGN.
FISSILE, .-in.. kanga; .-/.. nka- FLAGRANT, nph., ebali bobe.
nga.la.
FLAKE, n., epalo.
FISSURE, ., monkaka, mpbsbso.
adhering to hand , . , nkau.

FLAME-FLOUNDER

(338)

FLAME, vin., lola, ngenge ; ind.,

loli-loli, kau-kau; ., eloli.
up, vs., tblwa.
FLANGE, ., pulanzi (Eng. ), 3.
FLANK, ., llelu.
FLANNEL, ., nkamba.
FLANNELETTE, ., monkoko.
FLAP, vs., pepesene; vph., simda
pekele ; i/. , lombalo, ebalo.
ears, vt. , piatbla, piakbla.
(of wings), vph., cikinya or
pupbla pu-pu.
FLARE, vin. , ngese ; ind. , ngesingesi.
FLASH, vs., kalibana, kalima ;
ind. , kalili, kali-kali.
beams of light, vc., yelimisa.
(of gun), vin., lola.
FLASK, powder, n. , litutu.
FLAT, rs., petetele, patatala ;
ind., paba, patata, petete,
tandi.
down (of hair or grass), vs. , kututala ; ind. , kututu.
plain, n.. liaembe.
FLATTEN, vph., patisa patata,
petisa petete.
FLATTENED out,_iw., pasasala.
FLATTER, vc., kakisa (sekinya).
FLATULENCE, have (o/moi), vin.,
tuka.
FLAVOUR, ., iica.i.
unpleasant, vs. , sabwa.
FLAW, n., ebeba.
without, vs., kolongono, molongono; ind., kolongo, molongo.
FLAY, vt., tobbla, yobbla, toba,
yoba.
FLEA, t/., losisa, mbwa.
small, ., ebende.
FLEDGLING, ., zasa.
F'LEE from, vt., kfttbla [the prep. b
with this verb means to].
FLEECE, nph., libutaka ll nzbao.
FLEET (of canoes), n., ebole.
(of foot), .".-.. salibana ; ind.,
FLESH, a.. mosuni.
between spine nnd ribf, n. , mompimba.

FLESH (continued).
fat, vs. , lototolo ; //. , lototo.
lean, v.-., kanyanyala.
meat, />-., ebwele.
FLESHLINESS, ., bosuni.
FLEXIBLE, vin., ko; ind., mol/i,
nyau ; adj. , -kon.
FLICK, //'//., pupa pia.
FLICKER, vs., cikana; ind., ciki.
FLIGHT (of birds), ., bokanda.
(flying), n., liyumbwa.
put to, /;-., kotwisa.
FLIMSINESS, n.. monyanga.
FLINCH, vph., benda nzbto wo.
FLING away, /-,'., bwaka, yiisa,
bimbola.
about in anger, vin., swenge ;
ind., swe.
FLINT, n. , libwa.
and steel, n.. eieno.
and steel, strike, vph., cecula
esend.
FLIPFLAP, vph., pupa pu-pu.
FLIT about, vs., bibngana, caba
na, kblongana, kblangana,
nyabana, nyengana, palapala.
FLOAT, vs., tolima; ind., toll.
(of flat things), vs., pelengene.
for net or hook, //.. ntondo.
FLOATING, n., liloko; ind. ,
pelo.
rapidly, ina., we'-we.
FLOCK, ., bokanda, etbnga.
ebc'mba, libula ; /'.-., yongaFLOG, .-'/., kuta.
[na.
FLOGGING, //., lokutu.
FLOOD, vs., nyalangana, nyalangatana.
of water, ////>., monyalanga.tand mb mai.
FLOODING, //., elale.
FLOOR (wooden or of canoe), .,
ntanda.
mud, //.. ebbkela.
cloth, iip//., elamba e ntanda.
FLOUNDER about, vs. , nyengana.
in water, vs. , tubwangana ;
ind., tubu-tubu.
(of bird, fish), vs., yumbwanga

FLOUR-FOOD

( 339 )
FLOUR, n., mposoko, mbolaka.
lump of uncooked, ., mobota.
FLOURISH, vs., nyengwa.
(knife), vc., kalinginya.
FLOW, vin., ca, leka.
(down), v//!.. tanga.
down (of water down an incline),
.-,''h. , sunda t onono.
of blood, n., lotanga.
FLOWER, n., likclb.
FLOWING (of robes), ind., yunzele.
FLUENCY, see ELOQUENCE.
FLUSH away (filth) by water, vt.,
yukbla.
FLUTE, ., libio. ebio.
FLUTTER, r-s.. oikana, kulubana ;
ind., ciki.
FLY, vs., yiimbwa.
(insect), enangananga. Vari
ous kinds of flies, _//., cenzeli,
ekututu, ekwikiti, monzenzele, lingia, moyumolangombo, eyiyi, eyiyi e ngombo.
(of spring), vs., piswa.
off (of chip), vs., yaswa, paswa.
to and fro, vs. , palapala.
F'LYING, ., boyumbwi, loyiimbwa, liyumbwa.
FOAL, nph., litumbu li (mpunda).
FOAM, ., lopulu (lowulu), lou1d {pl. , mpulu].
w/th rage, vph. , ngotwa na
nkelele ; vs., pambasana ;
vin., swenge; ///./.. swe.
FOE, n.. nketu I, monguna n.
FOSTUS, immature; n., mobonda.
FOG, ., ldko.
FOIST, /'/. . pakia [pakema,
paka].
FOLD, .-/. , linga [lingama, ljnga],
yumba [yumbama, yumba,
yumbe] ; n. , loputu.
(of animal), ., ebeto.
arms, . '///. . linga mabokb.
arms round another, vp//.,
okobi, koma ekobi ; .-.'.,
kobUa.

hands together, vph., kanga

maboko.

FOLDER (bookbinder's), n., eyumbela.

FOLIAGE, //.//., mangu, makbnga.
FOLIATE, vt., tutuba.
FOLK, ., bato.
old, n.pl., Wkokotb.
young, n.pl., bilenge.
'lore, n., lileki.
FOLLOW after to get or reach, vc.,
londlsa; //. , biia ; vap., bengela.
close on, banza nzbto.
(go with), . '/.. banza [bandema,
banda].
next, vph. , banza nzbto.
(copy), vt. , sokolo.
out a project or calling, vt., baka.
FOLLOWING day, construct phrases
on these models, he came the
following day, ayi na mbisa
e ntongo, ayi yeso b ntongo.
FOLLOWERS, ., bongili.
FOLLY, ., lopupu, bolema.
FOMENT, vph., tuta na mai.
FONDLE, vph. , nyonyolo na enoni.
FONDNESS, nph., enoni e molbko.
FONTANEL, I1., lototu.

FOOD, n. , boli.
best, quality, ., bosongele.
absurd, n.pl., bilele.
for a journey, . , nkbta.
of which only a very little can be
eaten, ., ebbkbki.
left over previous day, n., mpikb, mompikb, ekangi.
mashed, n. , momputa.
food stuffs /
cassava, //., biula.
potato, ., esundu.
yam, //.. ngoma.
ground nut, n. , lonzokb, libulele.
bean, n.. lokasu.
leaves, //. , ndwa, mpwenene,
sabi 3, lipupele, litambe li
ngubu, ndakalaka, linclbmba, engunza, mosombi,
mosbso, nzenze, ndongo,

FOOD-FOREIGN

( 34o )

FOOD, leaves (continued).

moka.i, mompongb, mopuluka.
maize, ., llsangu.
pumpkin, . , lilenge.
eggfruit, ii. , elolb, lindbmba,
ngungutu.
seasonings, ., ndbngb, monkokb, monzembe, mokwa, monkokb mb mokwa, esingi, monguta.
.FOOL, ., elema, eyeya, epupu,
elengwa, zuli.
be a, vin. , lema, pupa.
FOOLED, intj., bsiswa!
FOOLERY, . , bolema, lopupu.
FOOL-HARDINESS, . , likasanga,
bikasanga, bikaka, bipali.
FOOLISH, vin., pupa ; vs., lengwa ; /.. , pupisa.
(senseless), ndj., nzenzele.
FOOLISHNESS, ., bolengwa, lo
pupu, bolema.
FOOT, //., likaka.
(base), ., ntina.
go on, ,///.. ke botambbla.
sole of, ., loposi.
FOOTING, n. , esukela.
FOOTPATH, ., nzela.
FOOTPRINT, ., lltambe. [kolo.
FOOTSTOOL, nph., esukela e maFOR, ppf/., b nongo e, b epose e,
na etondo e, na ewela e, na
ntina e ; more frequently this
is expressed by the appliedform ,
or if the applied of the verb has
another signification then by the
double applied ; hold this for
me, bnkate'laka eye; speak
to him for me, bndobelelaka
yeye.
(because), before verbs, nowela ;
I did it for he told me, nalikeli nowela ancakoli. Be
fore nouns, na ewela e ; he
did it for fear, alikeli na
ewela c bongo.
forasmuch as, na ewela ete.
for what ? inter. , bbni ? etondo
nde ? ewela nde ? mobelo
nde?

FOR (continued).

'
i
I
!
{
<
I

purpose of, -use adj. particle with

the infinitive of verb ; _ bring
water for drinking, bekeke
mai ma nua.
space of, this is not translated ;
for two days I had nothing to
eat, nasengi bi le mikblo
mibale.
too . . . for, (i) this load is too
heavy for me, zumba liyc
linga bolito bokopita nguya e ngai ; (2) the box is too
big for the canoe, nkobe ekoleka bwengo bone.
FORAY, n., nkubb.
FORBEAR, vph. , simba nzbto.
FORBEARANCE, nph., bosimbi
nzbto.
FORBID, vt., kasa, yeka; lV.,
killsa.
[kilo.
FORBIDDEN thing, ., ekila, moFORBIDDING in aspect, OT., yungwa ; his aspect was for
bidding towards his friends,
ayungwi na baninga ba
yeye yungo.
FORCE, vc., kellsa, yelisa ; vpf/.,
lendisa lendandalu ; i/.,
nguya.
oneself violently (into a place),
vph. , kbnza nzbto.
open, vt., ngangbla.
(physical), ., llngolb.
FORCEPS, n.pl., bikatela.
FORCIBLE, dph., na nguya.
take away, vt., katbla.
FORD, n. , mokito.
FOREARM, //.. mompata.
FORECAST, vt. , beka.
FOREFATHER, ., nkokb i.
FOREFINGER, nph. , mosei mb mobali, mosei mb ndbmi.
FOREFRONT, nph., bosb-bosb.
P'OREGO, vt., sabbla.
FOREHEAD, nph., mbatata e elongi.
of an animal, //.. ebonza.
protruding, ., mbombb.
FOREIGN matter, nph., zambl li
bobutu.

FOREIGN-FORTUN

( 340
FOREIGNER, ., mobutu.
FOREIGNNESS, n., bobutu /lobutu).
FOREKNOW, i'ph. , yeba yambo.
FOREKNOWLEDGE, nph., boyebi
bo yambo.
FORELAND,., nkblo.
FORELEG, //., ebokb.
FORELOCK, n., esolo.
FOREMAN, n., mpbmba /. engenze, mokengeli.
FOREMOST, ., mobosb.
FORENOON, ., monkanga.
FORERUNNER, n., moyamboli.
FORESKIN, /.-.. mosutu, moncume.
part left in circumcision, .,
ngenga.
FOREST, . , zamba.
as divided among owners or into
patches, ., nkonda.
behind a village, n. , libele.
dense, //., llsekete, mpumba,
mpumbako.
small, .. esoko.
FORESTALL, vt., yangbla.
FORESTALLER, ., elc11gi,

mole-

ngi.
FORESTALLING, n., bolengi.
FORETASTE, nph.T momeko mo
yambo.
FORETELL, vt., beka.
FORETHOUGHT, np//., boymdbli
bo yambo, boka.nisi bo yambo, likbka li yindola.
FOREWARN, vc., nuetinya.
FORFEIT, vc., llmbisa; vph., wa
. . . libomi.
FORGE, //., likiiba, litull ; iit.,
tula.
FORGEMAN, ., motuli, mokuba.
FORGET, vt., limba ; vph., wa
moi.
FORGETFUL, vs., limbalimba;
dp//. , na mpbsa e limba.
FORGING, ., bokuba.
FORGIVE (debts, sins), vt., sabbla.
(person), iT.. sabinya.
FORGIVEN sin (of a person), vph.,
sabwibwa ncoki. Ifa person
should say absabwibwa with
out the complementary subject,

FORGIVEN (continued).
lids would mean he is forsaken,
but if the complementary subject
beput, then the meaning is he is
forsaken in respect of sin, that
is, he is forgiven.
FORGIVENESS, nph. ,bosabbli (ncokil. bosabinyi, bosabwibwi
(nookij.
FORGOTTEN, vs., limbana.
FORK, //., engasa (engwasa).
(of road), //. , matakana, matakanela.
of tree, n., lipako, mbangb.
FORKED, vs., kabwa.
stick, n., etaka.
FORLORN, vs., kalema; ind.,
kale, kbkbnye.
FORM, vt., yoma, yema.
(printing), nph., etando e batipo.
(manner), ., lltanda.
(sort), n.. lolenge, lokbla, lolimo.
(seat), ., ekili, mbata; // /'h..
epbmba e zala.
FORMALITY, .//., matanda.
FORMER (before), . , yambo.
(maker), n., moyomi, moyemi,
FORMIDABLE, vin., kbta.
FORMULA, n., moango.
FORNICATOR, ., mopeki.
male, n., bowongo, mowbngb
Ii.
FORSAKE, vt., kila, sabbla; ind.,
kili.
FORSWEAR, vph., simba ndai e
lokuta.
FORTH, come, vin., pbla, pima.
FORTHWITH (present), ph., bobele
sik'awa; (past), bobele sik'angani.
FORTIETH, see ORDINAL numbers.
FORTIFICATION, ., engumba,
ngblb.

FORTIFY, vph., sikela bingumba.

FORTITUDE, ., mpiko.
FORTRESS, nph., ndako ckbti.
FORTUITOUS, nph., se bbngo.
FORTUNATE matter, nph., zambi
lilamu.

FORTUNE-FREEBORN

( 342 )

FORTUNE, good, nph., elongo 6

nzbto, nzbtd ndamu.
bad, /////. , nzotd mbe.
FORTY, ., nyuminei.
FORWARD, intj., nco yambbla !
go, vt., yambbla; -'ph., bila
moboso.
(speed), .-,., salinginya; in. !.
sali-sali.
(send), vt., tinda.
FOSTER, vt., yokolo.
(adopt), lV .. bembisa.
brother or sister (see brother and
sister for meanings of these two
words), nph., molimi d bobembisa, moyebi d bobembisa,
nkana e bobembisa.
child, nph., mwana 6 bobe-

mbisa.
parent, nph., mobembisi &
mwana.
FOULNESS, n.pi., manyali.
FOULPLAY, n., ekuna.
FOUND, see FIND.
FOUNDATION, nph., esukela e
ndako.
lay, vt., sukela.
FOUNDER (of vessel), vin., linda ;
i'/!/.. biabu.
FOUNDRY, nph., eswela e motala.
FOUNTAIN, ., moncwele.
FOUR, adj., -nei; ., minei.
FOURTEEN, nph., zbmu na
(mi)neL
FOURTEENTH, see ORDINAL num
bers.
FOURTH, see ORDINAL numbers.
FOWL, ., ncbsb.
guinea, . , likemo.
guinea, crested, . , lingeli.
house, . , esake, elabo.
nest of, n.. ebeto.
FOWLS of the air, nph., mileke

mi likolb.
FRACTION, n., ekakoli. For sug
gested method of reckoning
fractions see ekakoli in Bobangi-English section.
FRACTURE, n., bobunyi.
FRAGILE, vin., ko / adj., kou ;
cafq., Hltci.

FRAGMENT, ., etomba.
of food, n., lopusa.
FRAGMENTARY, ph., bitombabitomba.
FRAGRANCE, ., bolmbb (boyimbb).
FRAIL, i<in., ko; adj. , kuu; colq.,
likei.
FRAME, vt., yanga, tongia [tongama, tonga].
a picture, vph., tele lililingi 6
mietb.
for drying fish, etc., ., botala,
boyito, monganga.
for holding kneading trough, . ,
etalaka.
of palm midribs for fishing, n.,

monkoso.
FRAMEWORK, n., moango (moyango).
FRANC, n., pulanki (Fr.) 3.
FRANK, .-/.!., sembwa.
FRANTIC, vs., lebasana.
FRATERNAL, dph., na botbnga
bb boboto.
FRATERNITY, nph., etbnga e bobbto.
FRATERNIZE, vph., pa tana etb
nga e boboto.
FRAUD, ., mbala.
perpetrate a, vph., pbtisa bo-

mbala.
FRAUDULENT, vph., kela bombala,
FRAY (cloth), vt., yolbla (wolbla).
(rub), vt., kulbla.
FREAK, ., lokaso.
FRECKLE. //. , lintoni, lintolinga,
litbna.
FREE, vs., lebwa, puswa, tungwa ; ;;/.". , lebolo, pusbla,
tungbla.
for nothing, ., mpamba.
from grayness of skin, ind.,
lilbio.
from responsibility, vin., lbnga.
from weeds, ind., kili-kili.
FREEBOARD, . , likokblb, 111,1-

kbnza.
FREEBORN, vph., bbtibwa boncomi.

( 343 )

FREEDOM from slavery, ., boncomi.

FREEMAN, ., ncomi i.
FREGNESS, ., bompoli.
FREEWILL, ///.. mokano mo bo
mpoli.
FREEZE, vs., lcandana, bitatala,
tutuma.
FREIGHT, n.pl., mumba.
FREIGHTAGE, nph., mbemba ll
mumba.
FRENCH Congo, nph., monce mo
Ekomanda.
FRENZY, //., lingai. boswa.
FREQUENT, vph., lengesene o.
(often), use derivative of counted
action with adj., -yike. His
visits to this place were fre
quent, ayl weni nza nzike.
FREQUENTLY, ind., buli.
FRESH, adj., -temu.
(of meat, fish, etc. ), adj. , -besu.
fact, n. , mpapo (mosei).
FRET, vin., tiya; vs., tiyabana.
FRICTION, ., bokuli.
cause, -'/. , kula.
FRIDAY, nph., masala ma matand.
FRIED dry, vin., benge.
FRIEND, n., moninga, bombaka,
koi [vocative koye], mwambbka, ndelco.
FRIENDSHIP, n., bobbto, boninga.
absurd and changeable, nph. , bobbto bilalai.
special, n., bondeko.
FRIGHT, n., lipaki, monzenze.
FRIGHTEN, vc., pakisa; vs., pakima; ind., paki-paki.
folk into running away, vc., kdtwisa.
FRIGHTFUL, dph., na lipaki.
occurrence, n. , emwa, emwanga.
FRIGID, vs., bitatala.
FRILL, ., ebumela; vap., bumela.
FRINGE, n., encala, losomba.
FRISK about, vs., yumbwangana.
FRIVOLOUS, dph., na bosesu.
FRIZZLE, vt., totolo.

FREEDOM-FRUIT

FRIZZLING, z/., bototoli.

FROG, various kinds. ., ekololo,
ekbkbko, ekoloto, etai, llngbku, montblu, mondb, lobandemela.
FROLIC. :'///. , sana bosanaka.
FROM, come, vin. , kuma (yuma).
prep., b, before persons, bmbe.
from ... to, use kuma a.r
though it were a preposition ;
from Lukolela to Irebu is a
|ourney of two days, kuma
Lokolele noke Ilebb b nzela
mikolb mibale.
FROND, //.. mwanga, zanga.
palm, stuck in the ground to de
lay feud, //., molelembe.
FRONDS, have large quantity of,
vin., yuka.
FRONT, n.. bosb, mobosb.
door, nfh.. munya mo ndanda.
FRONTIER, n., nd^lo.
FROST, nph. , mbobe ll mpio.
FROTH, npl., mpulu.
FROWARD, dph., na lokino.
FROWN, n. , elokokoli, monzinda,
llsota; colq., lokiki ; vs.,
ngindandala; vph., kanga
minzinda, keka elokokoli.
FRUCTIFY, vc., bbtisa.
FRUGAL, dph., na bonueti; vt. ,
nuete.
FRUIT, n., lombolo.
generally inedible, n. , lombuma.
bear, vph. , bbta mbolo.
double, //., epakama.
various kinds (the names of trees,
etc., on which they grow
are in brachets) / bondenge,
ekamu (bokamu), ekele,
elebb (molebb), elblo, elolb, enasi, libelu (bobelu),
liko, lilala, lindolUiga or
lindolunga
(bondolinga),
lindbmba, lindbngo (bondongo), lingongolo, lingolo,
linzeke (libonzi), lipamb/i
(bopambu), llsenza (bosenza), lltbbe o^lltbpe (botbbe
or botbpe), lobila (libila ,
lokelete (bokelete), (lokblo

FRUIT-FURNI

( 344 )

FRUIT (continued).
ko (bokblbko), lokbmo, lomliolu (bobbin) ; lomunga,
//. , miunga (bomunga) ; losoko (bosokb), losombele
(boncombele), mbembele,
mbole, mombo n (bbmbb),
moncato, mpande (molilo,
libuku), ncau (bosau), ndota, ngungutu, ngwaba, ntbndblb, pai-pai.
FRUITFUL, vs. , bbtana. [pusu.
(of animals), vpl/., bbta pusu(of trees), vph., bbta le-le.
FRUITFULNESS (of animals or per
sons), //.. bokonza.
(of trees), ., bole-le.
FRUITLESS, ind., kbkbnye.
FRUSTRATE, vc., simbisa.
FRY, 7'/., kanga.
dry, vc., bengisa.
FRYING-PAN, ., ekangela.
FUDDLE, vc., kakitinya.
FUEL, nl'h , biloko bi tumba.
FUGITIVE, n., mbombi 5.
FULFIL, vt., baka.
FULFILMENT, ., mabakibwela.
FULL, vin., nyala, tbnda.
(after eating), vin., kiba/ ind.,
kibe.
come, vin. , ye.
length, ind., oabili.
moon, nph., eyeli ebuki, mayetela ma eyeli ebuki.
(of cheeks), vs. , yulalala.
(of stature or age), vin., sola.
speed, //., molunza.
to brim, vs., lebebele; ind.,
lobe-lobe.
stop (punctuation), ., bosuku.
FULNESS (plenty), ., litbndi,
bopuli.
(tightness), n. , ekiba.
FULLY innocent, declared, vph.,
longa wololb.
FUMBLE, vin. , momo; vs. , zengetana, zengebana (zengenge).
FUME (be angry), vin., ngala.
FUMES, //., ndumbele, milinga,
mlsila.

FUN, . , boseso.
FUNCTION, n., lotbmo.
FUND, n., nkangi.
FUNDAMENT, n., molindi; calq.,
bokotb.
FUNDAMENTAL matter or thing,
//. , esuke'la.
FUNERAL, ., makundela.
offering, n., nkundi.
procession, ., mompandi.
procession, walk in, vph., tambwisa,'/ lekisa mompandi.
FUNGUS, n., likombb.
various kinds of edible, ii., emongo, kbakbakba 3, likakata.
linkbnkbmbi, lintole, lokwankundu, liwalala, mbasanga, mobalela, mobalelankake, mobanga (mbanga),
mompbkwa, montole, mosokoloko, ncenceke, ncoboll-ngoya.
various kinds of inedible. n.,
obele, llsele, lbkb, lolemulb-ngo-ngbli, mompbmbo.
FUNIS, n., monkokb.
FUNNEL, made of calabash, n.,
moiigolb.
of folded leaf, ., etotbkb,
mototb.
of furnace, .,mobeya (mombe-

ya).
of steamer, . , nkuka.
cover (on steamers), .. lisanga.
wooden, n., lokelo.
FUNNY word, ., eseso.
FUR, n. , nzoso, nkungia, nkunza.
on tongue, ., nkalata, nkalati.
FURIOUS, vin., ngala.
FURL, :-t.. linga [lingama, linga].
FURLONG, nph., maboko monkama na zbmu.
FURNACE, ., liboko.
for pottery or brick, n. , lltumbu.
blast, nph. , liboko ll nkuka.
FURNISH, vc., kbmisa.
(give), vt., pe.
FURNITURE, nph., biloko bi
ndako.

( 345 )
FURROW, ii., mobabali.
FARTHER, use lekana, and note
that no prep. is required with
it, although it is a stative
verb; I went further than
Bolobo, naki Bolobo bolekana, or naki nolckann
Bolobo.
(help), i<t., sunga.
FURTHKRMORE, aph., mpe zambi
lisiso.
FURTHERMOST, aph. b mbisa
mpe cna kuku.
FURY, //. , nkelele; vph., ngala
na nkanda.
FUSE, vt., senzbla, sondbla; vc.,
nyanginya; i-.r., nyangana.
Fuss, //. , loyoko, lokuku.
be in a, vs. , tungatunga.
FUSTY, vin., boba, buba,
FUTILE, vph., senga boyeteli.
FUTURE, referred to usually by the
verb to come in the progressive
tense; the future, elembe
embya; future things are in
visible, mambi mambya ma
nga laba.
G
GAEBLE, .- ., bbbangana.
GABLE end of house, n., nkbmbe
(likono).
GADABOUT, ., molala n.
character of, //.. molalo.
GAG, n., mokokele, nkokele ;
vph., kanga nkokele.
GAIETY, //.. molbnzo.
GAIN, ., litbmba ; v/., kula.
GAINSAY, ., tbna.
GAIT, n ., etambwela.
orderly and correct in, vs. , zebengene.
GAITERS, //<''h., elamba e likesi.
GALE, n., elele [pl., bielele].
GALL, //,'h. , mai ma nyongi.
-bladder, //. , nyongi.
the skin, vc., kiyisa; vii/.,
kiya.
GALLOP, vs., lbndwa.

FURROW-GARNISH

GALLOWS, ..'.. moyekiaka (moyekwaka, mokekia).

GALOSHE, ///., ekbtb e boyakiaka.
GAMBLE, vt., beta.
GAMBLING, n., libeta.
GAMBOL, . '-.. yumbwangana.
GAME, n., lisano, bosano.
variov/s kinds of, ., bbnzb, bosa
no bb misei, bwalo, bwembo,
ebebe, ebenga, esenzako,
lobesl, losb, mabbmba, miso-ncleke, mokale'-mokale,
monkuku, mwese-mwe'se,
ncokb, ncokb ll bobinlsa,
ncu-ncu, ngenza, ngila,
nteti.
(gamble), vt. , beta.
GANDER, nph., llsweswe li bwele.
GANG, n., libula.
GANGLION on elbow, ., libolu.
on wrist, //.. mbango.
GANGRENE, vs., yelwa.
GAP, ., mponya, lilusu, liusu.
stop a, vt., pbto.
GAPE, ., mwasaso; vph., bangbla munya, ta mwasaso,
ngangbla munya.
GAPING, vs. , bangangala.
wound, ., nkole.
GARB, //.. eswela.
GARBAGE, n.pl. , mincobo.
GARBAGED, vph., yolwa mincobo.
GARDEN, ., lisala.
at back of house, //., mpoko.
bed, high, //.. mokunza.
bed, prepared, ., monkenga.
bed, throw up, vph., pusa minkenga.
produce, n.pl. , misalb.
GARDENER, nph., mosali d lisala.
GARGLE water in throat, vph. , bokisa mai b zelu.
GARLAND, kind of, n., empiokoto, noankamba.
tiARMENT, ., elamba.
fitting tight to body, n. .monkbto.
GARNER, vph., bunginya b ebbmbela.
GARNISH, vc., komisa.

GARRU-GENIUS

( 346 )

GARRULOUS, vph., leka bolobi

wo-wo.
GAS, ., mouli (moyuli).
GASH, a. , mpbta ; vt. , sanga, sangbla ; ;-f'//. , koma mpbta
pao.
GASP, /.-.. llsekuma; .-'.v. , sekubana, sekuma; in,l.. sekuseku.
GASTRIC juice, ., noiki; when
this rises in the throat, or gas
tric symptoms are felt, the heart
is said to take it out, moloko
mokolabola nciki.
symptoms, suffer with (said of
heart), vs._, lebwangana.
GATE, ., ekuki, elibako.
GATHER (cloth in sewing), vt.,
bumela.
firewood, vph., tbtinya nkanzu.
(fruit, if high up), vt., yimba.
(fruit, if low down), vt., muka
(buka).
into a ball, vc. , mblinginya.
into bulk, vt., sbtia [setama,
sota].
one's garments together, vt.,
monyo.
(fester), vin., lbko, luluba (yuluba).
people or things together, vt.,
konga.
together, vs., ybngana ; vc.,
yonginya.
up, vt., kunga.
up chaotically, vt. , kunza.
up little by little, as fragments,
vt., kongolo.
up round any thing, vap. , yuke'la.
GATHERED together, ndj., mobunga.
of unfolded cloth, ind., nyulenyule.
GATHERING, see ABSCESS.
of soldiers on battlefield, n. , lisunga.
of people, ., libula.
GAUGE, ., emeko, loteno, lomoko.
cutting, ,y /-/.. loteno 16 bokoteke.

GAUGE (continued).
glass, /////. , loteno 16 talatala.
marking, nph., loteno lb bilembo.
mortise, npl/. , loteno lb mabela.
GAUNT, ind., kwanganya.
GAUZE, wire, nph., ncell ll manda.
cotton, nph., nceli ll bilamba.
GAY, dph., na molonzo.
GAZE, vt., keka, with ind. ti, cu,
zu, oi-it. bolamu.
GEAR, ., giya (ling.) ; vt., kanga, puta.
GEARING, as GEAR.
GELD, vph. , kuba mbanga.
GEM, nph., libwa ll ncengi, libwa ll motuya.
GEMINI (constellation), nph., basebi babale (Castor and Pol
lux) na ncendo.
GENDER, .. lolenge, lokbla, lollmo.
male, nph. , lolenge lb bwele.
female, nph., lolenge lb mwcne.
GENEALOGY, nph., monkana mo
libota.
GENERAL, n., nkonwa i.
(for the most part), express by
means of ind. , kangala, buli,
buko; indolence is general in
the village, bosende bonga
kangala se ombe banco
banga b etuka, or kangala
se banco b etuka banga na
bosende.
How are those
people generally speaking ?
they are generally idle, bato
banya banga kangala boniboni ? banga kangala se na
bosende.
GENERATE, vt. , kinza.
GENERATION, //., libota.
GENEROSITY, n., likabo.
GENEROUS, ndj., likabo.
GENIALITY, n.colq., libota.
GENITALS, n.colq. , boso.
GENIUS, n., bwanya.
(person), //'''//., momene bwa
nya ; colq. . mobali, mbali.

GENTILE-GET

( 347 )

GENTILE, nph., mosi mabbkd

masiso.
GENTLE, d/-'/.. na bompolo.
person, n. , mompolo 2.
-man nph., momene eyango.
-man, young, //., nkwalndo i
(nkwayindo).
GENTLENESS, n., bompolo; colq.,
nyonyo.
GENTLY, aph., boke-boke; na
moi.
GENUINE, ind. , solo, nyomeni.
GEOGRAPHY, nph., mambi ma
miango mi nce.
GEOLOGY, nph., mambi ma lolengij lb nee.
GEOMETRY, nph., mambi ma boyengii.
GERM, //.. ebbtisela.
GERMINATE (grow), vin., tb; vc.,
toisa.
(sprout), vs., puswangana,
ind.. pusu-pusu.
GESTATION, n. , zemi.
complete, nph., moi monco.
GESTICULATE with face, vs., mwotongone.
with any part of body, vs., mwatangana.
GESTURE, ., momwetengeno, '
momwatangano.
GET, vt., kula.
accustomed, .' ' . . , yekasana, mesene.
anything done for another, is
expressed by the applied form
on the causative form of the
verb. He got me the rubbish
removed, andongwiseli miilla.
at, vin. , yetela b, ka 6 (aka b).
away, vs., longwa.
away from, vt., kotbla; vph., [
yiba nzbto.
back, vc., butwlsa, butinya; vs., butwa.
back one's breath, vph. , yembcle
mpbma.
before, vt. , yambbla ; vph. , kwa
mobosb.
better, vs., koswa.

GET (continued).
(buy), vt. , somba.
clear, vs. , puswa, tungwa.
down, vin., sunda; . . . sundisa.

drunk, vt., langa masanga.

fat, vin. , kata, yongo.
(fetch), vt., beke.
into (canoe), vin., kondela.
into (hole), vs., subama; ind.,
suba.
into (passion), vph., kula nkanda.
most, vph. , kula ka.
near, . '-' , beleme (beseme), kubabala ; . ' '. , belemisa (bese ) ; ini/., bele.
off (flee), vt., kotola ; vph., yiba
nzbto.
on hoard. vin. , kondela ; ,-.'. ,
kondisa.
on (flourish), vs., nyengwa.
on (shore), vs. , labwa.
out, vin., pima, pbla (bima).
out (of canoe), longwa.
out (of light), vs., yetwa.
out (unpack), vt., pusbla.
(palm wine), vt., aeba.
past, vt., lelca.
ready, vs., kolongono, molongono; .... lengele (longele) ; .- . , kolinginya, molinginya; ;.-/. , kolongo, molongo.
(receive), vt., kwa, yamba.
through, ,-'-'.. pbkana, pbpana,
pbmbana; /'t., pbmba; .-,'..
pbmbinya, pbpinya, pbkinya ; ind. , pb.
together, vs. , ybngana ; vc., yonginya.
capital by small trading, vph.,
ybngbla nkangi.
up (a tree), vt. , bata.
up (erect), vph., teme sika ; vs.,
sekwa.
up in a body, vs. , tblwa, tblbmwa.
up quickly, vs. , ngunzwa.
water (from source), vph., tbka
mai.

GHOST-GLEAN

( 348 )

GHOST, ., elimo, mokundwa.

GIVE (continued).
GIANT, n., likwabela.
(offer), vc., kimisa.
GIBE, vt., yembbla.
oneself up or away, vph., bwaka
naoto.
GIBLETS, ///./., makundu.
GIDDINESS, nph., miso zbngb.
oneself up to be punished, vph.,
GIDDY (of eyes), vs., zbngana; '.
pe nzbto.
ind. , zbngb, zb.
out separately, vt., lambla.
GIFT, ., likiibo.
over (discontinue), vt., kila ;
free, /////., likabo ll mpamba,
ind., kili.
likiibo ll bompoli.
over (deliver over), vt., sembbla.
to bride's parents, nph., mai ma
pain, vph., ybkisa bwale, tolsa
masanga.
bwale.
GIGANTIC (of animals), vs., zombbpermission, vph., tika epose, pe
mbala ; ind. , zombbmbb.
epose.
(of trees and things), vs. , tombbrest, vc., ybmisa.
mbala; ind., tombbmbb.
shares, vt., kaba.
GIGGLE, vs., yikayika; vph., zesuck, vc., nuangisa.
ke kie-kie.
trouble, vt., kuya, sukbla.
GILD, vt., lipa.
up (deliver up), vt., sembbla.
GILL of fish, n. , zangasu.
up in despair, vph., tika ngbu.
warning, vc., n/ictinya.
move, ;-'..-., lakubana, balibana,
balima; i'.-.. balimisa.
way, vt. , tika.
GIMLET, ., monyenginyi, gimi- GIVER, n., mopi, mokabi.
lete(Eng.)3GIZZARD, ., nkblongo.
GINGER, ., moncasako, monca- GLAD, vin., bioko.
GLADDEN, vc., biokisa.
noako.
GLADNESS, //., eseogb, molbnzb.
GIRD, vt., kanga.
GLADLY receive, vap., nyangela.
GIRDLE, //.. bongili, moncenge.
GIRL, nph., elenge e mwene.
GLANCE, //., nzebi ; vp//., bwaka
giving birth to child before she
nzebi.
is accounted mature, n. , nopuaway (of spear), vs., bambwa,
ka-nokotwa.
tangwa.
GIRLISHNESS, n., bolenge.
contemptuously, vs. , sukasuka,
GIRTH, large, n., bone.
mengemenge, mongomongo,
small, n., boke.
mongongolo.
GIVE, vt., pe.
off, vt., kongbla.
[ekele.
abundant room, vc. , nyengwisa ; GLAND swollen at side of neck, n.,
OT.Lnyengengele; ind., nyeditto close to ear, ., engekete,
ngele.
engeketeke.
another chance, vt. , yele.
GLARE, vin., ngese ; ind.. ngesian opportunity, vph., pe epose,
ngesi.
pe nongo, tika nongo.
GLASS, n. , talatala 3.
attention, vph. , pe matoi.
paper, //., esese.
back, vc., butinya.
vessel, ///'//., nkenie talatala.
birth to, vt. , bbta.
GLAZE, vph., tele batalatala.
consent, vph., pe epose, tika GLEAM, ., liyeyele ; vs., yeyeepose.
libana.
earnest money, vt. , bekbla.
GLEAMING, vs., teibana; ind.,
evidence, vt., tatbla.
tei-tei.
liberally, vt., ngundbla.
GLEAN, vt., tobila; ind.. tobilight, vin., cenge.
tobi.

( 349 )
GLEET, .'/.. e&genzo.
GLEN, .v.. lobbku.
GLIDE, vin., landa ; vph., tambbla nyelele.
down, vph., aunda selele.
GLIMMER, vs., limallma (lilalima) ; ind. , limalima.
GLIMPSE, //-.. mwa lobonb.
GLISTEN, ,-.-., langibana, buluma ; ind. , langi-langi, bul/ibulu.
GLITTER, see GLISTEN.
[moto.
GLOAMING, nph., liso-moto-lisoGLOBULAR, ind., mokoto.
GLOOMY (of disposition), vs., kumamala.
person, //.. ekumamali.
GLOOMINESS of weather, ., monkuta.
GLORIFY, vt., sanzbla.
GLORIOUS (grand), dph., na mankembb ; ;-/'//., kembe; ndj.
coiq., mbinga.
make, vc., kembisa; vp., kembibwa.
(praised), vs. , sanzwa.
GLORY (grandeur), n. , mankembo,
nkembo.
(praise), //., mosanzb, ncanzo.
GLOSS, vc., cengisa ; vin., conge.
GLOW, vin., menge, seke.
GLOWING, vs., cekubana ; ind. ,
ceku-celcu.
(of sun at dawn or sunset), ind. ,
sekilili.

thing, 11., llmengi.

GLL'E, n., gulu 3.
GLUM, . kumamala.
GLUT, npl/., yakia ngandanda.
GLUTTON, nph., mome rnoleko or
molelo.
GNARLED, vs., benzengana, boUzongono ; ind. , benzcttge,
bonzongo.
GNASH the teeth, vph., takinya
mino.
GNAT, various kinds of, n. , engbengbe, limbula, lokutu, losononb.
GNAW, vt., kekete, kbkbta.
GNOME, ., ezb, mokula.

GLEET-GO

Go, vin., ke; vap., kendele.

imperative only, and often usea
before other verbs to go, vin.,
nob, nooko.
(walk), vin., tambola.
a journey, vin., bemba; vph. ,
ke mobembo.
across (a bridge), vin. , nanga.
(a river), v-.. baswa, basbla.
after (get), vt. , bila.
after (behind), vph., banza b
mbisa.
ahead, vt., yambbla ; vin.,
banga ; vph., kwa mobosb.
all to one side, vs. , bulwa.
and intend to stay over night,
vph. , ke botutuma.
and intend to return the same day,
vph. , ke mosumba.
apart, vs., seima, tangwa \vph.,
selmisa nzbto, tangwisa
nzbto ; ind. , sei.
around, .. zbnga; ind., zb,
zbngb.
ashore, vs., labwa.
aside, . . , bulama ; ind. , bule.
away, vs., longwa.
away in a body, vs. , kundwa.
back, vs., butwa.
backwards, vph., tambola mambiambisa.
backwards and forwards, vs. , simbasimba ; ind. , simbasimba.
bad, vin., kaka, bblo, seta.
beyond, vs. , lekana; with this
stativc verb the prep. b is not
required before the indirect
object.
by, vt., leka.
down, vin., siinda.
downstream, vin., ca.
upstream, vin., nana.
far away, . langangala.
finally not to return, vph., ko
bobele-bobele.
first, vt., yambbla; vph., kwa
mobosb.
forth, vin., pima, pbla.
forward, vph., ke yambo, teme
bosb, bila mobosb.

GO-GORE

( 350)

Go (continued.)
from house to house, vph. , betinya ndako.
from path, vs., pengwa, pengeme ; vin. , penge.
immediately, vph., ke bobele.
in, vin. , wele ; ind. , we.
in a body, vs., tblwa, tblbmwa.
in a stampede, ind., wululu,
Ululu.
in Indian file, vs. , bilana.
into a trap, vin., tbka.
mad, vph., kabwa lingai, belo
boswa.
mouldy, vin., buba.
near, vs., beleme (besome) ;
ind., bele-bele.
nearer, vs. , sesene.
next, r/. , banza; vs., bandema ; ind. , banda.
off (of gun), vs., tbtwa, loba.
off by itself (of gun), vph., tbtwa
ncwele.
on all fours, vs., pbtama; /./,,
pota.
on ground (of bird), vs., zangazanga.
on previously, vin. , banga.
out, ;'///., pbla, pima (bima).
out of sight, vin., linda.
past, vs., lekana, sec BEYOND.
quickly, vph. , ke lobangu, ke
sali, tambbla monyeki.
quietly, vph., ke bolombisa (ke
likombi).
round and round, vs. , zblbngana ; ind. , zblolo.
slowly, .-'/'//.. ke na moi, ke
monyi-monyi, tambola nongi-nongi.
softly, vin., longimisa.
softly (as cat), vs., nyomengene; ind., nyome.
through, vs.. pombana, pbkaiia , pbpana ; -','. , pomba ;
7v. , pombinya, pbkinya, popinya ; ///'/. , pb.
to and fro, vs., bibngana, ca
bana, kblbngana, kblangana, lengesene, nyabana,
nyengana.

I
,

'

j
;

Go (continued).
to one side, vs., bulwa.
to seed, vph. , sola mimbbto.
to stool, vph., ke moi.
together, vph. , ke elongo.
up, vin., bata.
with, vt., kamba, tbmba.
without, vt., senga, yende.
GOAL, ., nrtelo 5 and 8.
GOAT, //. , mbbli, ntaba.
GOBDLE, '//'//., sokbtana na boli.
GOD, ., Nyambe5. Other words
arc also sometimes used. but they
seem to have been introduced by
slaves from up-river, Nzakomba, Liyanza.
(idol), nph., nyambe eteko.
GODLESSNESS, nph., lokino bmbe
Nyambe.
GODLY fear, nph., bosoni Nyambe.
GOING, ., lokendo.
GOITRE, ., libolu, mongeke.
GOLD, ., wblo 3.
GONE, ind. , wo.
some considerable time or dis
tance, vin., aele.
and direction not recognised, vs.,
yftlima ; ind. , yoli-yoli.
over (towards), vs., yekama (b).
GONG, ., eyengele 3.
double, ., elbnza.
GONORRHCEA, ., engenzo.
GOOD, adj., -lamu.
a number, make, vc., kibisa.
bargain, n. , libebblo.
for, vin. , koka, kbmo, followed
by objective of further defini
tion.
manners, //., biyango.
nature, n. , bobbto.
(profit), n., lltbmba.
GOODNESS, n., bolamu.
exterior only, ind., longu-longu.
GOODS, n. , ekatela.
for sale, ., mboko.
GOODWILL, ., bobbto.
fickle, nph., bobbto bilalai.
shew, . ' . . , salangana, salibana ;
ind., sali-sali.
GORE, vph., ta liseke ; rt., ma;
n. , malbngb.

GORGE-GRAVI
GORGE, vph. , sokbtana na boli,
yunda b munya.
(valley), ., lobbku.
GORGEOUS, vin., kembe.
GOSPEL, nph., ncango ndamu.
GOSSAMER, ., liya.
GOSSIP, ., molenga; vph., le
molenga.
(person), n. , molala n.
(person), character of, n. , molalb.
GOUGE, nph. , ncendb e liboku.
GOURD, /i.. mbe'nda, liseke.
GOVERN, vt., kbnga; the native
idea of governing is to gather
the people together and give
them food and other things,
when, of course, the chief will
perhaps teach his people a few
rules, etc., which he requires
them to observe.
[ngi.
GOVERNMENT, it., bokbngi, likeGOVERNOR, ., mokbngi.
GOWN, ., limputa.
GRAB, r . yosolo, kwakola.
GRACE, ., ngblu.
GRACEFULNESS, ., eyango, okonde.
GRACIOUS, vph., kcla ngblu.
GRADE, ., lisele.
(position), /!., nongo.
GRADIENT, nph., lisele l1 boyengiaka.
GRADUAL, ph., boko-boke; /</.,
wa, we.
GRADUALLY approach, vs., sesene.
GRAFT, vt., cnca; ind., cuceouce.
GRAIN, //.. momboto.
of salt, n.. lombolo.
of sand, ., lonzelo.
of wood, //.. mongololo.
GRAMMAR, nph., botemwi bo
lokota.
GRAMMATICAL, vs., temwa; ind.,
temo.
GRAMMATICALLY speak, vph., sembola mamlji.
GRAND, adj., -ne; nph., ebali
nkembo, ebali bolamu.
GRANDCHILD, ., ndalola I,
(ndala).

GRANDPARENT, paternal, nkoko i.

maternal, ., nyankoko I, nkoko-nyangb i.
GRANT, vt., pe.
another opportunity of retrieving
character, vt. , yele.
GRANULATE, vt., munybla.
GRAPE, nph. , lombolo l6 moseseli.
GRAPPLE, vt., kata.
GRASP, vt., bumba; vph., kata
nte ; i:/ /. , bu.
tightly, vt., yika.
GRASPING (greed), .,lokani (ldngb).
GRASS, ., bisbbe. Various kinds
of, </.. bilingi, ebasa, libuka,
lindika (lingika), maboboli, liyeye, mbulu (mbululu),
molelenge, monce, moncunde, mosese-nzombo, mwelele.
arranged, but not fastened down
on ridging, .-/. , monkuta.
dry, n.pl., biululu.
river, . , ekokb ; various kinds
of, /--.. botb. engwangosa,
lokakata.
plain, n. , esbbe.
swamp, '.-., llsau.
GRASSHOPPER^ . , ekangambasi.
GRATE, //. , etalango; vt., wala.
GRATEFUL to, vt., tondo.
GRATEFULNESS, ., botondi, motondele, litondi.
GRATER, ., ewalela.
GRATIFICATION, nph., bononi bo
miso.
GRATIFY, vph., nonisa miso, nonisa molbko.
oneself, iiph., nono na mlso.
GRATIS, aph., se mpamba.
GRAVE, ., liyita (mombb ; //. ,
mlombb, lilita), liita.
(of manner), vs., mimwa.
(important), adj., -ne-,lito,-letu.
joker, ///'''.. moboli d mambi.
-yard, //. , lnancongo 8.
GRAVEL, n.pl., misb.
GRAVITATE, vph. , zala n;i mpbsa
e suswana.

GRAVI-GRISTLY

(352)

GRAVITY, ., bolito, boletu.

GREETING (continued'].
place the common greeting is
centre of, n. , ntei.
bng'bngo, and the answer e !
GRAVY (thick), ., mosaka.
The return greeting is bya.,
(thin, juice of meat), nph., mai
and the answer naya. A
ma ebwele.
farewell greeting often is btiGRAY, ind., kbkb.
kanaka ngai nake, ,)/' btimake, vt. , kunzbla.
kanaka ngai nake batclaka
hair, ., lombwi.
mbbka, or btikanaka lbka
01' rough condition of skin, n.,
na bibbngo, with the answers,
lokbkwa.
keke bolamu, ke-ke-ke, c 1
GRAZE, vph., le biyembu.
nco ke-ke-ke. And the even
(skin), i't.. pbsbla, pomolo.
GREASE, n.pl., mali; v<;, namiing "good night" greeting
takes the following forms /
sa.
ngai nawe'le, lbka lbbi, or
GREASED, vin. , tama, nama j ind.,
simply lbka lbbi or lbbi, with
nama-nama, nyobi-nyobi.
the answers e ! lbbi, e ! soko
GREAT, adj., -ne.
lbbi lokbpima, e !
deal, int., be.
grandparent, paternal, ., nke- GRIDIRON, ///., eyeli e totolo.
GRIEF, .//., mawa.
kene I.
(sympathy), i/.pl., maninga.
grandparent, maternal, n. , mbb(tenderness), . , molika.
taka-bana 5. For other mines
(trouble), ., bwale.
see RELATIVE.
GRIEVANCE, nph., zambili bwale.
grandchild, ., nkekeleke.
height, n., mokbngb.
| GRIEVE, vph.. ybkisa bwale, to"
isa bwale, ybkisa mawa, sttin girth. ;-.-'., ngambatana.
numbers, in, ind., pi-pi-pi.
lwisa swi.
(of heap), vs., ngandandala,
over, vc. , wisa.
kandandala ; ind. , nganda- GRIEVOUS, ndj., ngbtblo, ngo.
GRILL, vt., totolo; a., etotwele.
nda, kandanda.
GRIMACE, . , momwetengeno.
(of palavers), n., kaka.
GRIME, n., mombili, mpita, mpiGREATNESS, n., bone.
GREED, /.-., lokani (longb).
ti.
GREEDY of, vt., yima.
GRIN, vs., ngenenelc ; ind., ngeGREEN colour, nph., bokbbo bb
nene ; vph., ngenisa mino
engunza.
ngenene, zeke mind.
(of wood), ind., bibiabesu.
GRIND, vt., wala.
(uncooked) adj., -bcsii.
to point, vt., seba.
GREENHORN, ., mozinga.
In mortar or as with a muller, vs.,
mulungana ; r, . , muling i GREENS, .//., ndwa.
nya ; ind. , mulungu.
GREET, vt., bekbla, sesa.
in mill, vt., nyibbla.
a chief, i<t. , sangbla.
teeth, vph., kelete mino, kola
GREETING, //., moseso, mobekb.
makeleti.
to chief, n.. mosiingb, losako.
common greetings / when people GRINDSTONE, nph., libwa li nkameet each other in the morn
ta.
ing the greeting is ciniw.-i GRIP, vt. , bumba, yika ; ind. , bu.
[from yumwa], and the answer GRIPE, vin., kanza (said of mm\.
e ! nabmwa ; the return greet
GRISTLE, ., montulu. lotulu.
ing is omwa na yo, and the GRISTLY bone of nzbmbo, ., moanswer e!
In entering a
sanga.

( 353 )

GRIT-GUMPTION-

GRIT, speck of, ., lingwe.

GRUB, n.. enangananga.
GROAN, vin., kimela; //., mo.
up, ,-/. . bokola.
nkima.
GRUDGE, vt. , yima; vph., pe na
GROIN, nph., ntina e linene.
monzinda, pe na lokiki.
GROOMSMAN in a marriage, ., mo- , GRUEL, nph., politi e solblb.
balQli.
GRUMBLE, ,-'-'., bbkosono, lelebaGROPE, vt., momo; vs., ymgaylna.
nga.
GRUNT, vin., yeme.
for path in dark, vap., yalela.
dissent, ,-..-.. yimasana.
GROUND, //.. nce, mokili.
GUARANTEE, vt., bengbla.
covered with water, n., lisaba.
(iUARD, vt., batela; in. !. ngbi.
low and wooded, covered at high !
be on, .'///.. senzele.
water, //. , loasa [ />/. , ndwasa] ;
pertinaciously, vt. , paka.
the sing. form lowasa is some- ' GUARDIAN, n., mobateli.
times used.
of law or peace, npl/., nkenginut, .. lonzokb.
na-mbemba.
nuts kneaded, t/. , emboto.
GUAVA, ., ngwaba (Eng.).
out of water, //.. mokbndo.
GUESS, vt., conya (sonya).
previous to be thrown up into GUEST, ., lilako, A host calls
..heaps, //.. mbwaki.
his guest, mobutu d ngai.
GROUNDLESS, ap//., se mpamba.
-chamber, npl/., llsbko li mobu
GROUNDS (in liquids), .//., mbitu.
ndi.
GUFFAW, ., ekanganga, ekaGROUP, ., etuluku.
ngala.
GROVE, ., mobukii.
GUIDE, //.. molakisi.
GROW, vin., ybla (wbla).
GUILE, //.. londelengi, mowalaagain, vs., puswangana; ind.,
ngand.
pusu-pusu, puso-puso.
GUILELESS, vph., senga londele
(become), pres. only, ka, aka.
ngi.
great, vin., kata.
GUILT, //.. ekita, ekwtl, ncoki.
longer, vin., sanda.
GUILTY, vin., yula.
(of vegetation), vin., tb, mine.
be found, vin., kita.
old, vs., kotwa, mma, koba.
find, vc., kitisa.
GUINEA fowl, ., llkeme.
short, '/'///.. senza.
strong, ,-'///., kcnda, kmba,
fowl, crested, n., lingeli.
GUITAR, various, ., longombi,
kota.
GROWL (of persons), vs., bokosono.
esanga, mokbngbngbli.
(of animals), TO'//., lunza, soka; GULF, ., mpbkola.
GULL,
,'.-.. kutisa; vap., kute'la.
''vs., lolwa.
GULLET, //., zelu (2dll1.
GROWN, full, vin., sola,
GULLY, ., mbeka, mobeka, moover, vs., nyangatana.
plant grown up again, //. , mopuloi.
GULP, //.. likombu, monkbsi,
swangani.
mokbtia; .-///., minakio.
GROWTH, ., botoi.
.GuM, n., gome (Fr.) 3. Various
suspended, n., lokondo.
kinds, -'/., ndangi, mpaka,
wild, n., ototo.
molansi.
described as abscess in the eye,
copal tree, ., mobaka.
I1., mondonda.
-boil, ., liboba, lilengu, llpoGROWING person or animal advanc
ing into maturity, ., mopa.
GUMPTION, ., nlayele, bwanya.
mpupa n, mompupela l 1.
A A

GUMS-GYRATE

( 354)

GUMS, ii.. bobutu (lobutu).

large (of hippopotamus), ., bo-

kutu.
GUN, . , bota.
various kinds of flint-lock, //.,
ebo, ngantemu, ngblblo.
(breechloader), ., bondbki.
(cap), n. , papa 3.
barrel, ., mowbwb.
barrel, bore, ., lote'no.
binder, ., limba.
breech, ., loboku.
butt, n. , etindi.
flint, n., libwa.
hammer, ., lino.
lock, n. , monkusa.
muzzle, ., munya.
nipple, nph., lilusu ll esau.
pan, //.. esau.
screw of striker, ///., llso li
nkamba.
sight on muzzle, ., encbnbngb.
sight near breech, /.-.. ekekela.
spring of striker, nph., -episwela
elino.
spring of trigger, /////., episwela
e moncondi.
steel, n.. lokuku.
strap ring, n. , ekokila.
trigger, n., moncondi.
trigger guard of, ., likombo,
iikomboko.
trigger, hard to pull, //., iuol:indo.
touch hole, ///., lilusu ll esau.
bullet, ., eyele 3.
cap, 1!., libwa.
cartridge, ., eyele.
cartridge, blank, ///., eyele e
meya mitongb.
cartridge, case, . , loseba, epopblo.
charge of powder, //.. ekindo.
charge of powder, small, . , epa.
charge of powder, measure for,
., cewe.
cover, ., nkobo.
priming, . , CBU.U.
rack, ''-'/.. llkanza ll mai a,
ramrod, /.-.. moswa.

GUN (continued).
shot, small, n. , lindbndb.
wad, ., elinda, elindb, elindwa, esinya, linyuka.
burst, vs., tenya.
click (when cocked), vph., bunya
te or ke.
cock, full, /., buna.
cock, half, vt., wblo: vc., telemisa ; . ' . , teleme.
extract charge, vt., yosbla, bila.
fire, vt., ta; vin., loba; vs., totwa; .-///., pisbla lino.
fire a volley, vph., bola monkbma.
fire by ^accident, vph., piswa

mpwese.
fire by itself, vph. , tbtwa ncwele.
fire overhead, vp//., ta esbngb.
flash, vin., lola.
hit (of bullet), vin., tala.
hit (of hunter), vc., talisa.
hit (of thing fired at), vin., tala.
load (breechloader), vt., tele,
load (flintlock), vt., kinza.
lower striker, vt. , sekolo, wolo.
miss, vph. , ta su.
miss fire, vph. . wa nkala.
present, i'/. . sisa.
prime a flintlock, vp//., tel
esau.
ram, vap., kindela.
strike feebly (of striker), vph.,
kita kwekese.

GUNPOWDER, nph. , meya mi beta.

coarse, nph. , meya mi ndika.
fine, nph. , meya mi ncele.
moderately fine, np//. , meya mi
ngomo.
GUNWALR, ,v.. monkci, mokoi.
GUSH, vs., yukwa.
GUST, n., elele [//., blelele].
GUT, . , moncobo, mosobo ; vph.,
yolbla mincbbo.
GUTTER, ., mobabali.
Guv, //.. mpiko.
GUZZLE, ///'//.. nua mokuku.
GYMNAST, //.. moyumbwangani.
GYRATE, vs., zelengene; ind.,
zolbl^,

( 355 )

HABIT, .,moketo, moyekasano,

ezalela.
HABITUAL, OT., yekasana, misene.
HABITUALLY engage in, z't., baka.
HACK bunch of palm nuts into
bunchlets, vt. , baka.
HADES, //.,longa.
HAFT, /.<., mobala.
HAGGARD, vin. , bbnzo.
HAGGLE (about a price), vap.,
wela.
HAIL a steamer, vt., selbla; init.,
selb.

(call), 'vt., bianga.

from, ;"'/'., kuma (b).
(greet), vt., sesa, bekbla.
(of hailstones), ., mosc.
HAIR, //.. loswe, mcongi.
cut, vt., kete.
cut off close, vt., saka ; vp//.,
kete bitb.
of beard, ., mcongi.
of elephant's tail, ., losibo.
of moustache, ., lonzembe.
of animal's or person's body, .,
nzoso, nkunza, nkungia.
on lower part of abdomen, .,
nkbbo.
on person's body, . , monkanza,
bokaka.
plait, . , eyuta ; vt. , yuta.
short, /1/'h., mcongi mb loswe.
-brush, //l'/!.. eyombbli e ucwe.
-dressing in imitation of a cock's
comb, //., lisumba.
HAIRINESS, n., bouku.
HAIRPIN, ., montonga. Various
kinds of, ., lingwala, monye, nkotb.
ivory, ii., ngilingili.
IlAiRSBREAimr, nph., mwaeloko
ek'eke.
HAIRY abdomen, ., mokanza.
chest, //., bongunga.
make, <-c., yukisa.
HALE, ,////., na nkinki.
HALENESS, .,mokembo, nkinki.

HABIT-HAND

HALT, there is no common method

of expressing half exactly. If a
thing is cut across the plece, no
matter what the she the part
cut off may lie, it is called
etomba, and if cut lengthwise
of the plece the slice is called
eyeti. See ekakoli for sug
gested method ofexpressingfra ctions, in fiobangi-English sec
tion.
sever in, vt. , bitbla.
of an animal, //.. mokala.
breed, ., ncbbi.
brother or sister ; use the appro
printe wordfor brother or sister,
and qualify the words by means
0/bosangb or bonyango, ,/ '
the relationship may be, in an
adj. cl. My half-brother (my
father's son older than myself),
moyebi o ngai d bosango.
-cock, put gun at, vt., wblo, sekolo.
-way, //., ntei, ntantci.
HALLOW (set apart), 'vt., bnlia
[bulama, biiiu J.
(respect), vt. , sona.
HALO, //., likonga.
HALT (stop), vt., lese, tome.
(limp), vs., tenguma; init.,
tengu.
HALVE, ,-/., bitbla.
HAM, npl/., ebwele c ngombelc.
HAMLET, ///., nganda e ese.
HAMMER, ., mosakwa; vin.,
yinda.
down, vt., netele.
-nail, ///., ncete e boyindaka.
of gun, nph., lino li bota.
HAMMERINC, ind., ngbe-ngbe.
HAMMOCK, ., etalango.
HAMPER, ., moseka.
(hinder), -;-., simbisa.
HAND, //.. likanza, likata (at Bolobo likaka is also used).
-barrow, //.. mobbngolokb.
left, ///'//., likanza ll nkoso.
right, nl'//., likanza ll mobali.
over, .-'/.. se'mbbla.
palm of, nph., loposi lb llkanza.

HAND-HAT

(356)

HAND (continued).
round to each person, vc., tambinya.
to any one, vc. , yambisa.
-breadlh, nph., litaki lI lika-cuff, //.. likosi.
I nl. ., libutaka.
ful, double, i/.. liboko.
-ful of grass or sticks, ., monyaki.
-ful, take by the, vph., kata
libutaka.
HANDKERCHIEF, nph., lltwaya
like.
HANDLE, ., mobala.
(of basket), ., ekokila.
(of jug or shield), ., likombo,
llkombuko.
food too much, vt., nyomita ;
iiul.. nyomi.
merely without further result, vt.,
nybnyolo.
HANDSOME, vs., lengengala ; in,l.,
lenge-lenge.
HANDSOMENESS, ., ese.
HANDWRITING, ., bosoni.
HANDY (near [to hand), cohl. \//ph.,
zolo na munya.
HANG (as a cloth or sash), vph.,
kita malembb.
(kill), vfih., kbma nkingb.
oneself, 7'/'//., koma nzbto.
up, .'.'.. banya [banyema, ba"ya |, pakia | pakema, paka],
lella [leleme, lele].
up loosely, ,-.-'. , bakia [bakema,
baka].
HANGING down, iiii/., lembele.
HANKER, vin., lenga.
HAPPEN, vin., ya.
it happened that, vpl/., eliki
ete.
upon, vc., kuminya.
HAPPY, vin.. bioko ; <////., aa bisengo, na molonzb.
make, vp//., yokisa bisengo.
HARASS, vt., ningbla, pepiaa.
HARBINGER, //.. mobeki.
HARBOUR, ., iUosoko.

(hide), vt., bomba.

vin., kbta, kenda; vs.,

kilangana ; /,/.. kili-kili.
become, .-'.<.. ngelwa, nge'nzwa.
work, ., bwale.
HARDEN, vs. , selengene.
by harsh treatment, r/., ngunzola.
oneself to hard treatment, -'ph.,
kasola nzbto.
(skin), vt., yangbla.
HARDENED, , .., ngunzwa.yelwa,
yembele, ngenzwa.
HARDNESS, /t., bokbti; <Wi/., mobaka.
HARDSHIP, ., monyokb.
HARDY, ,-///.. kenda, kemba ; vs.,
kilangana; ///,/., kili-kili.
HARK, /////., a!
HARLOT, //. , mopeki.
HARM, //.. zambi, bwale.
HARMLESS, dph., na nyile. More
frequently this idea is expressed
by the phrase, it can do nothing,
enga nde d yisa zambi bokeli ka.
HARMLESSNESS, n., nyile.
HARMONIOUS, vs., bembana, putana.
HARMONIUM, //., esanzi.
HARMONISE, vt., yanga.
HARMONY, n.pl., milenga ; nph.,
bobembani bb molenga.
HARP, .. longbmbi, esanga.
HARPOON, ., ebongo.
HARSH (to the touch), ind., kikitikikiti ; ,- ' , . , kikitana.
(cruel), .-.'.. kosa, tuka.
HARVEST, vt., muka (buka); i/..
mamukela.
HASP, iip//., ekokila e ka.
HASTE, vph., ke na lobangu.
HASTEN, vc., tbkinya.
HASTY, vs. , kilima, kuluma ; ind. ,
kili-kili, kulu-kulu.
HAT, ./.. ekbtb (enkbtb).
long and brimless (of chief), n,,

montole.
of feathers, //.. boncakata, ckumbu, limbamba, lisota.
of skin, i-.. losuku.
peg, .. esimbiscla.

357 )
HATCH in how, ., likutia.
eggs, vph. , bola makei.
(of eggs), ;''.. tenyangana.
HATCHET, np//., ngwa e zombi.
HATE, .-';.. yina, kibila, kniiclu.
HATED person or thing, n. , ctubu.
HATRED, ., loyino, nguna.
HAUGHTINESS, ., losai, eyengi.
HAUGHTY, dph., na losai.
HAUL, -<'t., benda, kblia [kblama,
kola].

HAUNCH, //., ekenene, ekenenge.

HAUNT, n., zoko.
(of animals for feeding), n , molelo.
(of ghost), vs. , nyabana, caba-

na.
HAVE, use verb to be with the prep.
na.
(possess), vt., kula.
HAVOC, ., bokutami.
make, i '.. kutia [kutama, kute, kuta].
HAWK, ., nkbmbembele.
HAY, //., biBobc.
dry, iip!., biululu.
HAZARD, ., monyoko; n. . nyokwisa.
a statement, vt. , conya,
HAZE, //.. mpombi.
UK, pran., yeye.
alone, ph., yeye mpenza.
this one, ///. , yeye dyo written
yey'oyo.
that one, ///., yoye oiia, yeyo
onya, written yey'ona, yey'bnya.
where is ? ///. . anga wani ?
who ? inter. pron. , na ? pl. , bana?

who is there t ph., n'ani ?

whosoever, nph., moto d wani.
the adj. particle for adj. clauses is
d.
HEAD, ., mutu [//., miutu].
-ache, ii. , nkbmekela, mbbmaki.
back of, . , nkbti.
crown of, ., lototu.
-dress, nph. , eswe'la e mutu.
'dress, kind of, i/., ekumbu.

HATCH-HEAR

HEAD (continued).
(forehead), ., mbatata.
-gear of a fencer, ., lisanga.
-land, //.. nkblo.
-less body, //. , empiningi, empunungu.
long, nph. , mutu ndondo.
-long, ph. , 6 mutu.
-long, fall, -'ph., kita ku.
-man, //... mpbmba i, engenze.
of bone, -/.. likbno, licuca, litongo.
pad, /.-.. eputaki.
quarters, //.. bombbka.
severed from body, ., likekcle.
-ship, n.. bompbmba.
-strong, vs., kaswa.
-way up stream, ., monano.
-wind, nph., mompe mb bosimbisi.
-work, /"/.. bo3ali bb bokanisi.
HEADSMAN, n. . mokweti.
HE A I., v/. , bwa, kbsbla.
(sore), vc., belisa ; vs. , lundwa.
begin to, -is., kangana.
with a fetish, vph., bwa bonganga.
HEALED, vs. , kbswa.
(of sore), vin. , bela.
HEALTH, bad, ind., bolu-bolu.
good, //.. nke'mbo, mokembo,
nkinki.
HEALTHY, v/., kilangana; ind.,
kili-kili.
person, . . moybnzb.
llEAr, n., liboko.
make into, vt. , sokia [sbkama,
soke].
of rubbish, //.. zalaka, zclekele.
of rubbish, for burning, ., libembe.
on, vt. , yiikia/ . .. yakema ;
ind., ka.
up around, 7w/., yingela.
HEAPED up, 7'..-.. kundundala,
ngundundala ; /-/. , kundu-

ndu, ngundundu.
HEAR, vt., ybka. The object of
this verb is words, etc., not a
person. Hear me, should be

HEAR-IlERD

( 358 )

HEAR {continued).
rendered hear my words, ybh.aka mambi ma ngai or ybkaka ma ngai.

HEARD, ,'.... ybkana.

HEARING, colq., litoi.

good, //l'//.. matbi nkinki, matbl masanda.

quick, ii., nzbkatbi.
HEARKEN, .-,'.. ybketela.
HEARSAY, ., lumu [//. , nzumu]
(lokumu) ; montala.
HEART, ., molbko.
at time of death, n. , ndbndb.
faint, ///'/>., molbko mb bobbiu,
molbko mb ncbsb.
lose, i /'/., tika ngbu.
on, set, vt., nono.
take, i///., yika mpiko.
HEARTBURN, ///., molbko nceki.
HEARTH, //.. libbko.
HEARTLESSNESS, //. , lokilo.
HEARTY, dph. , na molbko mono b.
HEAT, .. eyangala, eyongelo ;
. '/ . , tukbla, yangbla.
(irradiated), .//., bilungu.
(severe), ., elangampali.
HEATHKN, -'/.. moluaka n.
I IF. AYE, . ' .. tetubana.
(of chest), , '.. . takubana, takuma; ind., taku-taku.
up, .. bengbla.
HEAYEN, . , likolb.
(firmament), ///., otando 6 li
kolb.
HEAVRNLINESS, ., bolikolb.
HEAVILY pressed, /n,/., ngo, ngbtblo.
put down, vt.. yikia [yikama,
yika].
HEAVINESS, ., boletu, bolitd,
ngokbtb; <o!,/., engetele, lokwa, nzondo.
HEAYINC. up of water, . , libunda.
ditto by dying hippopotamus, .,
libwabunda.
HEAVY, adj., -letu, -lito.
(of eyes, weather), r.v. , poibana ;
iiul. , poi-pol.
(of sleep), fn,l, bb, bu.

HEDGE, /tpl/., lobalaka lb bisasaki, lobalaka lb miete.

HEED, ////., keka ti, kekabolamu; i'/., kengele.
HEEDLESSLY, act, vs., kalakala,
sotetala.
HEEDLESSNESS, ., lolanga, misetete.
HEEL, ., etindl (litindi).
HE-GOAT, .,llmbbko.
HEIGHT, n. , moteli.
great, //., mokbngb, biukulu.
HEIGHTEN, vc., batisa; vph., yblisa moteli, sandisa moteli.
HEINOUS act, //., ekuna.
Hi n;. ., motuki.
II' / i (Hades),//., longa.
(Gehenna), transliterate, n., Gena.
HELM, ., moiko (moyiko).
HELMET, .. ekotb (enkbto).
HELV, ., bosungi; .--'.. sunga.
But it is more usual to use the
causative form of the verb when
the meaning is to help to do
anything ; help me fold the
cloth, bndingisa elamba.
call to, in/i. , bio ! bio !
needing, . ' . . , selebene, sobcne.
HELPER, ., mosungi.
HELPLESS, .' .. selebene, sebene.
HELYE, vpl/., ybngia mobala.
HEM, . '., bomela elamba; .,
motongo, nkobo.
HEMORRHAGE, ///., botangi bo
malbngb.
HEMORRHOIDS, external, .,bosb'
mba.
internal, /-.. ekeko.
HEMP, /.-.. zama.
HEN, nph., ncbsb 6 mwene.
breeding, nph., ebbtaki c nob'
sb.

HENCE, adr., bngo, angani.

HER, fron., same as HE, which
see.
HERB, //.. lonzembu, cyembu.
pot, ., londwa.
HERBAGE, .//., biyembu.
HERD. .. . . bokanda, ctonga. cbcmba.

(359 )
HERE, adv., awa, worn.
and there, aph., ani n'ani.
and there, put, /-/. , kdlia [kalema, kale].
HEREDITY, nph., boyuli babbti.
HERESY, ., liyese (liwese).
HERETIC, ., moyeseni.
HERETICAL, ,-..-., yeseno (wesens).
HERETOFORE, ind., yambo, bosb.
HERITAGE, ., libula.
HERNIA, nph., boyolwi bb moncobo.
suffer with, i<ph., yolwa moncobo.
HERO, n., eyangi.
HERON, kind of, ., monyenyengi.
HESITATE, vs., simtaasimba, kikitana.
(in doubt), ,-..-. , kamakama (kakama).
in speaking, vp//., loba kikiti"
kikiti.
HETEROGENEOUS, <////., na lolenge
lo-moto-lb-moto*
HKW, t'/., tebe.
HICCOUGH, ., liseseku; i'ph.,
ta llseseku.
HIDE, i'/.. bbmba; ,-' ., tblima;
/nd., toli-tbli.
(beneath), /-/.. petia [peteme,
pete].
by standing before Ihe thing
hidden, vs., lambambala.
nl animal, //. , ekbtb, likbkb.
safely, .-/'//.. bbmba kwb.
HIDEBOUND, vs., kibabala.
HIDDENNESS, ii. , lolemia, bombala.
HIDEOUS, vs., ngoibana; ind.,
ngei-ngei.
HIDING one's own matters while
speaking of other people's, . ,
nkula.
-place, .. libbmba.
HIGH, adj. , -sanda ; see also
HEIGHT.
most, /////., ebali ka.
too, -///., leka bobati.
up (of trees, hills), vs., ngunzunzala; ////.. ngunzunzu.

HERE-HISTORY.

HIGHER, ind., ka.

up, pass, vph. , leka mwa ka.
HIGHLAND, ., mokbndo.
HIGH-MINDED, dph. na molbko
mb losni.
HIGHNESS of cheek bone, ., ekenenge.
HIGH priest, ///., nganga 6 ka.
water season, //. , mpela.
HuiHWAY, ., mongolo, mokili
mb nzela.
HIGHWAYMAN, n. , ekulu.
HILL, //., mobengete, mobengetele, nkeka.
HILT, n.. mobala.
[ko.
(basket), //.. likombo, likomboguard of, ii'.''.. matoi ma mo
bala.
HIM, /i., as HE, which see.
HIND leg, ., ckolo,
part, . , mbisa.
! HINDER, . , ., simbisa.
by making afraid of public opin
ion, .-, .. yungisa.
i HINDERED, vs., simbama; ind.,
simbe.
I HINDERMOST, aph., b mbisa kuku.
HINDRANCE, ., esimbisela.
as in detaining another in conver
sation, ,-..-., bakakala.
HINGE, ., ekokila.
HINT, vt., yengia.
HIP, //.. okili, ekekene, likbno
ll ekekene.
-roof, nl'//., mwanza mb montole, mwanza mb mose'mba.
HIPPOPOTAMUS, ., ngubu.
HIRE, vt., sbmbo.
(payment), . , ncombi.
HIRED article, ., neomW.
servant, dph., d ncombi; //.,
mosbmbibwi.
His is expressed by construing the
proi/. yfiye in an adj. cl.
Hiss, vph., yulela swe.
i HISSING sound made by mouth
when playing esanzi, t/., moncweli.
I HISTORY, ., ebb.
i
tell, et., tuta.

HIT-HONOUR

HIT, vt., bbla, ta, beto, tala.

HITHER, adv., awa, weni.
HITHERTO, aph. , yoka sik'awa.
HOAR frost, n.pl., mbobe.
HOARD, vt., bbmba; vs., kotokoto.
HOARSE (of voice), vin., kala.
HOAX, vap., kutela.
HOBBLING, ind., kbkblo-kbkblo,
pekeie-pekele.
HOBGOBLIN, ., elimo, mokundwa.
HOCKEY, ., mbali.
HOE, ., lokongo ; vt., tima, timbla.
HOG, ., ngombele.
wild, n., ngoya.
HOIST, vc., batisa.
HOLD, vt. , kata.
(stop), exclamation, tika !
arms away from body, either on
account of bad habit or sores
in armpit, vs., yangangala.
back, ;', .. simbisa.
between finger and thumb, vt.,
nengolo.

council, i///., yanga libuli.

down, vap., yikamela.
face downwards, vt. , sbkia (sokisai; -,:<.. sokomo ; soke.
fast, vt., bumba, yika ; /u<l, bu.
in i riMli. ,;."//.. yimba . . . mino
twi.

in the cheek, vt. , yukia.

lay, imperative only, vt. , ma.
firm, rt., yika.
obliquely, vt. , selia [seleme,
sble].
(of boal), ///., moi mb bwe'ngo ;

//.. nkukia.
oneself in check while feeling
e 'notion, vs. , yikayika.
on:self erect, vs., beke'kala;
///'/.. bekeke.

out hand to receive something,

vt., tambia [tambama, tamba].
resolutely, /-///.. kasbla nzcto.
together, vs. , cucana.
up, ,-/.. sukela.
up (be brave), ph., yikampiko.

HOLDER, //., ekatela.

HOLDING a person down in water,
., ntbmbu, mbombi.
HOLDFAST, //.. esimbisela.
HOLE, ., lilusu, epongo ditus//,
etusu), llusu.
bore, vc., nyenginya.
dig, vt., tima.
filled up, . , lobbko.
in a tree, ., mpbkblbkb, mpbkblb, lokole.

in canoe, . , ncolo.
in ground, //.. libe'la.
pierce, vt., tuba; vs., tubya.
of rat, ii. , molombb.
pierced with a, ind., tusu.
under tree, . , litbka, likuku.
HOLINESS (purity), n., bopetwi.
(sanctification), //., bobulami.
HOLLOW, vs., yosbsala; ind., yos0s0.

in tree, //., mpbkblb, mpbko

lbkb, lokole.

jawed, i.'/<h.. mobanga boba.

sound, ., boyimela.
HOLY (pure), vs., potwa, ceova,
cemwa, odcwa.
(set apart), vs., bulama; ind.,
bule.

Spirit, 11ph., Molimo mopetwaki, Molimo mb peto, Molimo

mb bopetwi.
HOMAGE, act of, ., mosangb.
render, vt., sangbla.
HO.ME, ., mbbka.
new, //.. libonga.
principal, //.. bombbka.
-less, vpl/., senga mbbka.
-sick, vin., nbnga.
HOMOGENEOUS, dph., na lokbla
or lolenge loko.
HONE, nph., nkoko e libwa.
HONEST, vs., sembwa.
HONESTY, n.colq., nyonyo.
HONEY, various, . .mpalco, zbkc.
bbi.
-comb, ., esangi.
HONOUR, vt., sona, yeya ; n., bodni, boyeyi.

HONOURABLE, vph., komo boEoni.

HOOF-HOUSE
HOOF, </., eswanga, lisembe,
esbnga.
HOOFED animals, ///., bilnvelc bi
masembe.
HOOK, /., yblo, yembe; ., llbasa, lilobb.
fish with, /., basa, lobo.
HOOKED stick, n., lisolbko.
HOOP, n['/:., nkata c enzenze ;
n.. likenga.
iron, . , mokango mo Weli.
HOOT, vt., sombla.
HOP, vin., kongbla; vs., Iionongana,

kengubana ; vph. ,

tambbla konongo-konongo,
tambbla kengu-kengu.
as a frog, vs. , lotubana ; ind. ,
lotu-lotu.
HOPE, vt., likia; ., elikia.
with desire, vph. , likia na mpbsa.

HOPEFUL, vph., likia elikia.

Ho/'E/.E> . /-///., senga elikia.
HOPELESSLY sunk, ind., blabu,
bobu.
HORIZON, ., libe.
HORIZONTAL, ind., tandi.
HORN, ., liseke, ncombo.
ivory, ii., ncanya.
HORRIBLE, vs., ngeibana; ind.,
ngei-ngei.
HORRID, ind., sobi-sobi; vin.,
sobila.
HORRIFIED, vs., ngeima; ind.,
ngei-ngei; ;'/'//., ybka mangei.
HORRIFY, vph., ybkisa mangei ;
. . , ngeimisa.
HORROR, ., mangei.
HORSE, ., mbalu (K.), (mompongo).
bit for, n.. mokokele.
HOSPITABLE, v..-.. salibana, salangana; ind., *all-aa\i, furlher
qualified by the definitive
phrase, na bato.
towards, vap., nyangela.
HOSPITAL, ., zonga.
HOSPITALITY, ., monyanga.
HOST, ., monyangeli.
(great multitude), ., limpinga.

HOSTAGE, ., nkoli.
HOSTILE, vs., kengene.
HOSTILITY, ., nketu, ngunn,
ekengeni.
[yuku.
HOT, vs. , yukuma ; ind. , yukubut not cooked, vin. , yuba.
(of place where fire has been or
of anything exposed to the
sun), ind., lungu-lungu; the
place itself is elungu.
HOTEL, nph., ndako 6 babutu.
HOUND, n. , mbwa.
HOUR, ., lobote (from the strik
ing of the clock).
HOUSE, //., ndako.
of chief, ., lipana.
hip-roofed, n., likongo.
long, n.. mongala.
of animal, n.. esake, elabo.
with door in the end, ., ncolongb, esbngb.
back garden, ., mpoko.
batten inside of walls, nph.,
lobanzi lb lltubo.
securing posts in position, //. ,
likangi.
beam, //.. mosambakd, mosembako.
bed, . , etuti.
door, . , ekuki, elibako.
doorpost casing, . , likuku.
doorway, ///., munya mo
ndako.
doorway, back, np//., munya mb
likusa.
doorway, front, nph. , munya mb
ndanda,
eaves, //.. bounza.
frame, ., moango.
gable, ,.'., nkbmbe (likbno).
joist, //.. mosambako, moabmbako.
lath for etuti . '-- botala, -/. ,
monkelenge.
lattice work on gable, nph.,
miso ma ndeke.
layer of grass, n. , lotembe.
lintel, nph., ebeka 6 likolb.
partition, //.. nkbmbe.
place for firewood, n. , liingo
(liyingo).

HOUSE-HOW

(362 )

HOUSE (continued).
post, //., lipata.
post, king, iiph., lipata u
ntondb.
post, small, //. , eycla, oyingo.
private enclosure in long house,
i/., ngobb.
rafter, ., mokokb; //., mio
kokb.
ridge of roof arranged previous
to being fastened down, . ,
monkuta.
ridge of Iroof, finished, .,
moyundola (moundola).
ridge pole, ., mbbnga.
roof, //., mwanza.
room, /.-., lisbko.
room, bed or store, npl/., moi
mo ndako.
room, open, //.. mosbkb.
scaffold, //., bitaka.
semi-enclosure, //., epelako.
site of, //. , ekoli.
slot in which door slides, ///.,
mponya e ekuki.
spline, ., likengete.
spline mat used as the shell of
wall, if made with splines
close, //.. lokala.
spline mat, with splines wide
apart , nph. , lokala lo mpdlbla.
spline mat, for roof lining, n. ,
ekakala.
stand for pots, .. botala.
threshold, nph., ebeka e nce.
wall, ., ctiitu.
wall-plate, //..-//., mbbnga o
neb, mbbnga e nkako.
wall without lining, ., moloku.
build, . ,.. tbnga; <v//., bete,
tix posts, vph., sika mapata.
go from house to house, vph.,
betinya ndako.
go from house to house, living in
first one and then the other,
i<ph., beke ndako eye eye
ka, eye eye ka.
lay a layer of grass on roof, 7'ph.,
lekisa lotembe, tambwisa
lotembe.

HOUSE (coiitiniicd).
make a roof, vpl/., yumbbla
mwanza, yumbbla ndako.
make ridge of roof, vph., kanga
monkuta or moyundola.
put on rafters, i///., bumela
miokokb, kengia miokokb.
put on ridge pole, -'pi/., yakia
mbbnga.
put on roof lining, vp//., bwaka
ekakala.
tie on splines, . ' .. kengitinya ;
vp., kengitibwa.
HousE//o/.u, n.pl. ,bambbkayr0/
mwambbka.
of polygamist, ., ndbngo.
UOUSEHOLDER, iip//., momenc
ndako.
HOVKL, ., esake, elabo. [mbe.
HOVER (as a hawk), vs., lembeleHo\v, adv., inter. (put at end of
sentence), bbni-bbni ?
(exclamation of intensity), is ex
pressed by the use of the defini
tive of manner from the rcrb
0f the sentence ; e.g. , behold !
how he loved him, bakeka!
elingela e mblingi yeye :
how I am straitened until it
be accomplished, mpe ekelcle e bkelele ngai yeka c
kbbakibwa yengb ; how
hardly shall they that have
riches enter the kingdom,
cwelele ekbti na bakuli ba
biyenda nowele b bokonzi.
are you ? ph., bnga nzbto bbnibbni?
many, adv. , kwe ?
much, adv. , kwe 7
often, to express this use ' the
derivative of counted action
followed by kwe; how often
did he come ? ayi nza kwe t
often, as an exclamation is ex
pressed by the iise of boyike
on the following model / how
often would I have gathered
thy children, boyike bb nkana ll kani ngai noybnginya bana ba yo.

( 363)

HOW-HYBRID

I low (continued).
HUNCHED, vs., kbtbtala.
with measures, c.. , how short ? HUNDRED, . , monkama.
bokuse bbni-bbni ? how long
thousand, //., mokbkb.
do you wish the stick ? bosathousandth, see ORDINAL num
nda bo kolinga yo n/wetc
bers.
bbni-bbni ?
HUNDRETH, see ORDINAL 11U111HOWEVER, conf., ncande' ; aph., I
bers.
ncande bbngo.
HUNG up, ind., paka.
(although), conj., ncoki.
HUNGER, '/.. nzala.
(but), conj., nde.
HUNT, vph., benga bokila, koba
(in whatever way), na, followed
bolula; n., mobengo, boki
by the derivative of manner /
la.
however you desire me to do
stealthily, .- . . lombisa (kombiit it shall he done so, na etesa).
mela e kotema yo etc nali(stalk an animal), zv., longikela, likbkelibwa se bbngo.
Or by the use of the words HUNTER, ///., mobengi 6 bokilitanda or lolenge, na lolela; //.. mokila (moluma).
nge lb kotema yo lingo HUNTING, ., bokila.
likelibwa, likbkolibwa se
skill (in stalking), ., bolongibongo.
misa.
(notwithstanding all), conj.,
skill (in aiming), //.. ndongi ;
ncande.
colq., lobokb.
HOWL, vs. , lblwa.
HURL, .-/., bwaka, ybnzbla,
HUBBUB, ., lokuku, loyoko.
yusa.
HUDDLE, vt., kunza.
away, vt., bimbo la.
HUE, see COLOUR.
down, .",'.. somba.
HUG, vt., bbka, kobila, yika; HURRICANE, ., ele'le; //. , bic'iii/.. kobi-kobi.
lele.
HUGE, ;-... ngambatana.
HURRIED, vs., pakapaka.
HULL, n.. moangd (moyango/.
HURRY, PC., tbkinya; v/>//., so(pick off), vt., nbkolo, tbngolo.
kbtana na lobangu; ///./..
HUM, ,;'.. semba, yimela.
sokoto-sokoto.
HUMAN nature, ., bobato.
HURT, vp//., toisa bwale.
HUMANITY, ., bobato. \Ve peo
HUSBAND, ., mobali, mbali 5.
ple, bisb bobato.
brother of, called by the wife,
HUMBLE, vs., sbkeme; ind.,
nph. , mobali d bongoi.
sbke.
sister-in-law, n. , monyale.
HUMID, vph., kitela ebongi ; HUSH, //;'.,a! //..nyilc; ind.,
vin., nma.
cabe,biu; vp//., tikisa biloHUMILIATE, vt., sbkia [sbkeme,
ba, bendlsa lokuku.
sbke].
money, iiph. , mosblb mb bo pb
HUMMING, //.. mosombo.
to munya.
HUMOUR, ., likengwa.
up, v,"h.. pbto munya.
bad, ., bonuyi; vin., nuya.
HUSHING up, nph., bopbtb m vgood, ., molbnzb, monyanya.
nga.
HUSK, //.. loposb, eteke.
HUMOROUS, dfih., na likengwa.
HUSKY (of voice), vin., kembc
HUMP, ., litutu.
HUSTLE, vc., lukLsa.
HUNCHBACK, n., ekuba, nku- HUT, ., mongumbe.
mba.
HYBRID, ., ecobo.

HYDRO-IGNORE

( 364 )

HYDROCELE, n., molika.

HYMEN, n., lokongi, monkanga.
HYMN, ., loyembo.
HYPERTROPHY_of scrotum or Libia,
n., mobotu,
ditto, small, .. molika.
ditto, medium, .. lingundu.
ditto, large, ., mpe'ke.
HYPHEN, n., ecucela.
HYPOCRISY, n., londelengi, bombala, mowalangano.
HYPOCRITE, vs., ndelengeno,
walangana.
act the, /'/'//.. pele londelengi.
(person), .,_ mondelengeni,
mowalangani, nph., mome
londelengi.
HYPOTHESIS, //., boconyi.

I, pran., ngai.

myself, ngaime, ngai mome.

ICE, nph.. mongindandalo mo
mai.
ICY coldness, . , mongei.
cold, vs., ngeima; ind., ngcingei.
IDEA, ., esimwinya.
IDEAL, /.'///.. zambi ll bila.
IDEALIZE, vp//., simwinya zambi
ll bila, baka zambi ll bila. ;
IDENTICAL, nph. , lokbla or lolenge loko. Also by a phrase on
thc following model/ that is
the very identical thing I am
seeking, eloko e'nya enga
ye'ngo e'nya e kotomboko
ngai.
IDENTIFY, vt., sosolo (cocolo).
IDENTITY, ., lolenge, lokbla,
lolimo.
marks of, nph., bilcmbo bi sosblb.
IDIOCY, ., bolema.
IDIOM, npl/., zambi li temo.
IDIOT, i/. , eyeya, elema.
be an, vin., lema.
IDLE, dph., na bosende.
person (not working), ., esende.

IDLENESS (not working), . , bose

nde.
IDOL, /!.. elima; ///,;'.. elima e
eteko.
(god), nph., nyambe eteko.
IDOLATER, nph., mosangoli 6
elima, mosangoli 6 nyambe
eteko.
IDOLATRY, ///.,bosangbli bilima,
bosangbli nyambe eteko.
IF, conj. , ndiki, obo (abb, aba),
ncoki.
In hypothetical sentences in 7ohieh
the exact opposite of the state
ment is rechoned to be the real
case, the sentence is constructed
with the verb in the purportivc
mood, and these conjs. are not
used ; see syntax of the purportive mood.
as if, aph., e'te nde ; he spoke as
if he were angry, alobi ete
nde abeii.
even if (although), conj., ncoki.
if ... how much more. The adi\
particle ke is used in the con
structions of such sentences
generally in the first half, and
the second half is introduced by
nga or te. For full explana
tion, see syntax of the particle
ke.
only, use the verb in the purporfive mood. if only I were strong
I would go, ngai nozala
bokbti nabake.
IG.NITE, vt., bambbla.
IGNOBLENESS, ., bopako.
IdNOMiXY, nph., nconi esanyange.
IGNORAMUS, n., elengwa, auli,
mozinga.
IGNORANCE, i/. , bolengwa, bozinga.
IGNORANT, v.i. , le'ngwa; ind., milebaleba.
IGNORE, vt. , kila, kina, memolo.
ybtbla; .-. .. pelwa.
advice, vs. , setetala ; ind. , seteitc ; . . mosetete.
pain, vph. , ybtbla bwale.

(365 )
ILL, vin., kono.
(badly), dph., na bobe.
-conditioned, vin. , bonzo.
-conditioned person, 'j/., ebonzoki, ebonzeli.
ILLEGAL, vph., senga, bolongb-

bani na mibeko.
ILLEGIBLE, vs., kakatana.
ILLEGITIMATE child, ///., mwana
d bondenga.

ILL-GOT, vph., kulibwa sanu.

ILL-HUMOUR, ., bonuyi; vin.,
nuya.
ILLICIT, dph. , na boyibaka.
act, . , ekila, mokilo.
make, vc. , kilisa ; i//il. , kill ;
vp., kUibwa.
intercourse, act of, n. , ekbbo.
ILLIMITED, vph., senga ndclo.
ILLITERATE, vph., senga boyekasani na minkana.
ILL-NATURE, n., bonuyi.
ILLNESS, n., bokono.

cause of, n. , mokonisi 1 1.

ILL-TEMPER, n., bonuyi.
ILL-TREATMENT, //. , ekosa.
ILLUDE, vc., kutinya, kutisa;
ap., kutela.

ILLUMINATE, vc., cengisa.

ILLUMINATION, ., bocengisi.
ILLUSION, n., bombala.
ILLUSTRATE, vc., singinya_; vph.,
pbllsa na malilingi; -, ..
songinya.
ILLUSTRATION, n., losinginya,
lililingi (lillalingi!.
ILLUSTRIOUS, vph., kata b lumu.
IMAGE, n. , eteko.
IMAGINATION, ///., boboni bo
moloko.
IMAGINE, vp//. , bota mambi.
IMBECILE, adj., -kou ; vin., ko,
bonzo ; //. . ebonzuki.
IMBIBE, z't. , nua.
IMITATE, vt., sokolo.
IMITATION, n., esbkbli, eyulisa.
(artificial), //.. mbala.
IMMATERIAL, vph., senga nzotd.
(of no consequence), n/'//. , zambi

te.
IMMATURE, vph., senga bosoli.

ILL-IMPAL

IMMATURE (continued).
animal, i/.. litumbu.
i.ini. ., zasa.
|ta.
canine or feline animals, n., lU>dleaf, n., lisongu.
maize, //., monyeke.
nsafu, . , epope.
person, //., mompupa n, mo.
mpupela n.
plantain, //.. monyangu.
tree, //., mososa.
IMMEASURABLE, /,/., ll-ll, tambill-tambili; ., boli-li.
IMMEDIATE, ndj., bobele.
appearing, /,/,/., pwasa, pusuku.
(as soon as), express onthe follow
ing model / immediately you
have done, e kosila yo'bokeli.
(/ negative sentence), ind., zolb.
then, aph., bobele angani.
now, aph. , bobele sik'awa.
IMMEMORIAL, dph., na _elembe
enco ; ///./. , kala-kala, kala.
IMMENSE, vs., ngambatana.
IMMERSE, vt., yina.
IMMERSION, ., boyini.
IMMIGRANT, ., molambe'la n,
molambisa n.
IMMINENT, vs., beleme (beseme) ;
i ii<l. bele-bele.
IMMODERATE, vs. , sokbtana.
IMMODEST, vph., ybtbla nconi ;
/'///. , miso komb-komb.
IMMORAL, vs., yesene (wesene).
act, ., liyese (liwese).
IMMORALITY, i/.pl., mayese (mawese).
IMMORTAL, vph., bika bwa, kolongono or molongono na
lobiko [kolbngo, molongo].
IMMORTALITY, nph., lobiko lb
bwa, bokolongoni bb lobikd.
IMMOVABILITY, n., nkinki.
IMMUNITY, //., likbswa; vs., kbswa.

IMMUTABLE, vph., senga boyenzi.

IMPAIR, vc., yesinya^
IMPALE, vph., ma esumbu.
IMPALPABLE, neg. ph., d yisa nonyonyuibwa ka.

IMPART-IMPRAC

( 366 )

IMPART, vt., pe, kaba.

IMPARTIAL, vs., sembama; ind.,
semba.
IMPASSABLE (of forest), ind., kiokio.

(of road), vin., wa; ind., pbto.

IMPASSION, vc., yakwisa; i////.,
bulisa nkelele.
IMPATIENT, vs., ndumasana.
IMPEACH, vc., banzisa.
IMPEDE, vc., simbisa.
IMPEDIMENT, ., esimbisela.
IMPEL, :', .. tbkinya, tambwisa.
IMPEND, vs., beleme ibesemei ;
ind., bele; .-.-.. lututala;
ind., lututu.
IMPENETRABLE, ind. , kio-kio, potb-pbto.

IMPENETRABLENESS, ., mokuba.
IMPENITENT, vph., ybtbla boyenzi.
IMPERATIVE, vs., lendandala,
bendendala.temamala ; vin. ,

kbta.
command, /////.. mosikiso mo
kilo-kilo.
IMPERCEPTIBLE, r.r., labama;
ind. , laba.
IMPERFECT, vs., kutwa.
IMPERIL, vt., nyokolo.
IMPERIOUS in commanding, vt. ,
kilbla (mambi) ; .-.''. , kilwi-

bwa.
IMPERISHABLE, vph., kolongono
,' molongono na bobiki [ko-

longo, molongo [.
IMPERSONATE, vt., sokolo.
IMPERTINENCE, ., loma, nganya
(bondunu).
IMPERTINENT, vs., ngengenyene;
ind., ngengenye.
IMPERVIOI-S (no holes), ind., kwikwi.
(thick), vs., bikitana; ind., Mkiti.

IMPETUOUS, vs., kololblb.

(in anger), vs., swenge ; ind.,
swe.
IMPETUS, ///., nguya e kolblblb.
I.MPiEi'v, nph., bokinbll Nyambe.
IMPIOUS, vph., kinbla Nyambe.

IMPLACABLE, vs., kaswa.

IMPLEMENT, nph., eloko e sala.
IMPLICATE, vc., kakitinya.
IMPLICIT, vs. , sembwa.
IMPLIED, express the meaning on
the following model/ it was
implied in the question, liliki
bngo b eluki nde pbto.
IMPLORE, vap., bbndela (the object
is the thing ashedfor).
(a person), vap., bondele, pekele, bondemele.
very earnestly, vpl/.. mongono
nopokele.
IMPLY, -'ph., yengia mambi ndi.
pbtb.
IMPOLITE, vs., ngengenyene/
/'/'/.. ngengenye.
IMPORT (of words), ., ntind.
goods, vp//., yamba mboko.
IMPORTANT, adj., -ne, -lito, -letu ;
.''/v.. na ntina.

most important person of the

place, ph., ebali 6 mbbka.
Note that if the adj. partiilc
is left out of this phrase, it 7nil!
have another meaning/ ebali
mbbka, the best home or resi
dence.
IMPORTUNATENESS, nph., bomongoni bb bopekeli.
IMPORTUNE, vph., mongono nopekele.

IMPORTUNITY, //., eybya.

IMPOSE (add over and above), vt.,
yakia [yakema, ka].
a tine, i///., le mosblo; vc., ]>otisa.
(deceive), vc., kiitinya, kutlsa ;

vap., kutela.
IMPOSSIBLE, vph., senga boyisibwi.
IMPOSSIBILITIES, attempts to do,
n..'-l. bikasa.
IMPOST, ., monyango.
collect, vt., nyanga^
levy, vph., le monyango.
IMPOTENT, vin., ko; adj., -kou.
IMPOVERISH, vc., sengisa.
IMPRACTICABLE, vph., senga boyisibwi.

( 367)
' IMPRECATE, vt., sola (sila).
IMPREGNABLE, ind., kio-kio.
' IMPREGNATE (cause conception),
,'/-//. , kinza zemi.
(mix), m-., cbbinya.
IMPRESS, .. libbku; vap., yinyela.
IMPRESSION in clay, etc., ., liboku.
IMPRESSIVE, adj., -Uto, -letu.
IMPRISON, ;-,'., kellsa, yelisa.
on trumped-up charge, vt., basa.
IMPRISONED, vin., kelele; ind.,
kelelu.
IMPROPER, vph., senga eyango.
IMPROPER exposure, ., bompunda.
IMPROPERLY, act, vs., kalakala.
IMPROPRIATE, vc., lenginya.
IMPROPRIATING, ., bolengi.
IMPROPRIATOR, . , elengi.
IMPROVE, vph., komisa bolamu.
IMPROVIDENT, dph., na bowolinginyi.
IMPRUDENCE, ., mosete'te.
IMPRUDENT, vs., setetala; ind.,
setSta.
IMPUDENCE, ., lokaso, loma,
nganya iboiidunu<.
IMPUDENT, vs., aganyabana,
towards, .-'/.. nangbla.
IMPULSE, . , mobendandalo.
IMPULSIVE, vph., busa mambi
kwako-kwako.
IMPURE, ;-.r.. cobono, kubwa, su.
mbana; adj., -be; dph., na
mbindo.
IMPURITY, ., mbindo.
IMPUTE, vt., sekisa (sekia).
IN, prep.,o, sometimes ombe ; ////. ,
b moi mo.
cut in two pieces, vph., kote bitomba bibale.
in case of, see CASE.
in no wise, adv., nyo. If a verb
be used with this word it is put
into the purportive mood. Tins
ward is often accompanied by a
gesture, drawing the finger down
by the side ofthe month.
in order that, ///. , ntiun ete.

IMPRE-INAU

IN (continued).
in place of, pph., b opose e, b
nongo e.
in such away (of speaking), nph.,

munya tu.
in the act of, this is expressed on
the following model / we saw
him in the act of doing so,
lbmbboni b lokela lb kell
yeye bbngb.
(whilst), this is expressed by the
use of the infinitive continuative 'tenses of the verb in obj.
adj. clauses / In going to the
market we conversed, e keki
bisb b libbko lbsolbli; in
going to the market we con
verse, e kokeke bisb b liboko
lokosolola.

INABILITY, nph., bosenga ntoko.

INACCESSIBLE, vph., senga boyisibwi bb boyeteli ; neg. ph. ,
d yisibwa boyetiili ka.
INACTIVE, .r. , lembembele ; ind. ,
lembembe; .-.-.. tillma; ///./'.,
ti.
(motionless), '.v., zengengala;
in.l, zengiile.
INADEQUATE, r/s., kutwa, ngendwa.
INADMISSIBLE, vph., senga epose.
INADVERTENCE, ., elimbi, bole''
ngwa.
INADVERTENTLY, aph., se bolimbaka.
INAPPLICABLE, vph. , senga bokomi,

INAPPROPRIATE to occasion or
standard, //l''/.. lobbngb-lobb-

ngb.
INAPPROPRIATENESS, ., elanganu.
INASMUCH as, conj.. nowela.
INATTENTION, . , nkinda; nph.,
miso zbngb.
INATTENTIVE to call, vs., pelwa;
.- '/. , kina, ybtbla.
INAUDIBLY, speak, vph. , popo munya.
INAUGURATE, vc., bandisa.
INAUSPICIOUS (of omen), adj., -be.

INCAL-INCREASE

( 36S )

INCALCULABLE, neg.ph., 6 yisa

bosekibwi ka.
INCANDESCENCE, . , limwe (llmole).
INCAPABLE, vph., senga nguya or
other nouns denoting ability.
INCAPACITY, nph. .bosenga nguya.
INCARNATE, vph., kula nzbto.
INCENDIARY, nph., motumbi d
loma.
INCENSE, ., boimbb (boyimbb).
(infuriate), vc., ngallsa.
INCENTIVE, ., mobendendalo.
INCESSANT, vin., bika; !iid., ki,
kia-kia.
(of talk), iu<l., no-nd.
INCEST, commit, vph., limba ebeka ; this was formerly punish
able by death.
INCH, i/., noia (Eng.).
INCIDENT, .. mokblb, losango.
INCIDENTAL, vs., pakema; ind.,
paka.
INCISION in palm tree for climbing
purposes, //.. esbkb.
made by axe, . , zoko.
INCISIVE, ind., ce, cb, see also
TRENCHANT.
INCITE (to do), v///.,ybkisa mpbsa e < kcla i.
(to tight), . '/. . sukbla, kuya.
INCIVILITY, ., bongengenyeni.
INCLEMENT, vin., kbta.
(cold), dph. , na mpio.
(stormy), dph., na bielele.
INCLINATION, ., mpbsa.
(aslant), //., bokengami.
(on one side), . , bobulami.
INCLINE, vt., kengia [kengama,
k6nga].
towards, ."/'''- , bulama bmbe.
(cause desire), vph. , ybkisa mpb
sa.
INCLOSE, ;-,-.. yelisa, kellsa.
INCLOSURE, ii., lobalaka.
INCLUSIVE, part., boputaka ; he
receives 60 rods per month in
clusive of cloth and food, akoyamba eyeli yoko ngele 60
na elamba na boll bopu
taka.

INCOHERENTLY, speak, vs., bbbangana.

INCOMBUSTIBLE, neg.ph., d sinana na meya ka.
INCOME, n.pl., bikatela.
INCOMPARABLE, vph., aenga bosinginyi.
INCOMPATIBLE, vph., kakwana
ndenge.
INCOMPETENT, vph., kntwa ngu-

ya.
INCOMPLETE, v///., senga bokoki,
(of numbers), vph., scnga bokibi.
INCOMPREHENSIBLE, vph., pita
bokanisi.
INCONCLUSIVE, vs., kutwa.
INCONGRUOUS, vs., yesene (wesene).
act or thing, . , ngange.
INCONSIDERABLE, vs. , kekoteno.
INCONSIDERATENESS, ., ekosa.
INCONSISTENCY, ., liyese (llwes6).

INCONSISTENT, vs., yesene (wecene).

INCONSTANT, ind., malebwaka.
in performance of anything, TS.,
nongibana.
INCONTINENCE, nph., mpbsa pdi1)01,

INCONTINENT, vph., lengwa no.

bongondb.
INCONTROVERTIBLE, ind., polelg,
pululu, pole.
INCONVENIENT, vs., yesene (wisene).
INCORPOREAL, vph., senga nzbto.
INCORRECT, vs., kengama, yese
ne < wesono/,
INCORRECTNESS, ., olanganu.
INCORRIGIBLE, vs., yelwa, yembele.
INCORRIGIBLENESS, ., bongota.
INCORRUPTIBLE, vs., kenyenyala;
///</,. kenyenye.
INCORRUPTION, ., mokenyenyald.
INCREASE, vin., bula, yuna, nyala; . -.. nyengwa, kakwa /
. ' .. bullsa; , /.. kakbla.

( 369)
INCREASE (continued).
bulk or strength by pulting in
anolher ingredient, vt., cubbla.
(price), vt., lala, kakbla, ngangbla,
rapidly or vastly, vs., bulangana.
the size, vt., bibbla.
INCREDIBLE, vph., pita boyambi.
INCULCATE, vt., teya.
INCUMBENT, vs., lendar.dala.
INCUR, vph., wele 6.
a debt, vph., wele mombale.
INCURABLE, vph., langibwa tundulu.
INDEBTED, 7y)//.,wele mombalc.
He was indebted to Ihe chief
for his life, aweli mombalc
mo mokonzi na cwela c
rtomoi bo yeye.
INDECENCY, ., bompunda.
INDECENT thing, .//._, manyali.
I N DEC / s i v E , vs., lembembele ;
/n,/., lembembe.
INDECORUM, ., boula.
INDEED, intj., bongo!
truly, ind., solo, nyomeni; also
by means ofse ; il is indeed he,

enga se yeye.
INDEFATIGABLE, vs., sbkbtana,
yungutana.
INDELIBLE, vph., bandema ngbi.
INDELICACY, ., nconi.
INDELICATE, vph., ybkisa nconi;
dph. , na nconi.
INDEMNIFY, vt., bondo, yutela.
INDEMNITY, ., mbondi.
INDENT, vc., bblltinya.
INDENTATION of land, ., libelemola.
INDENTED land, ., libunu.
INDEPENDENT, vs., pakwa.
INDESTRUCTIBLE, vph., senga bosinani.
INDEX, /'//.. liyebisa li nongo.
INDIA rubber, i/l'//., mankiki ma
matbpe.
rubber, creeper, n. , botbpe, botobe.
INDIAN corn, n., lis&ngu.

. INCREASE-INDUS

INDICATE, vc., lakisa.

INDICATION, ., elembo.
INDIFFERENCE, ., lokino.
INDIFFERENT, vs., yungwa; vt.,
health, ind., bblu-bblu.
INDIGENE, ., monce.
INDIGENCE, n., boyokb, bosenga.
INDIGENT, - .. kokwana, yokwana.
person, //., moyokb.
INDIGNANT, vin., bele.
INDIGNATION, . , nkanda (llall).
INDIRECT, vs., yumbama (wumbama), ybkeme ; ,'//./. , yumba, ybko.
INDISCERNIBLE, vs., Itmallma (lilalima).
INDISCREET, vs., setetala; ind.,
setete.
INDISCRETION, . , mosetcte.
INDISCRIMINATION, n., eputaputa, boputinyi.
INDISPENSABLE, vp., temibwa.
INDISPOSE, vph., silisa mpbsa e.
INDISPOSED, vph. , to bwale.
INDISSOLUBLE, vs., molongono,
kolongono ; ind. , kolongb,
molongo ; vph. , kolongono
na bobiki.
INDISTINCT,. vs., limallma iiiiallma.
(of speech), ///., munya botu ;
i'/'h. , simbasimba na bolobi.
INDIVIDUAL male peculiarity, .,
bobwele.
INDIVIDUALITY, ., bomoto.
INDIVISIBLE, ind., pelembe, elieli.
INDOLENCE, ., lomonyi, longonyi.
INDOLENT, vs., monyibana, ngonyibana.
INDUCE, vt., lombo, bongo (kombo).
INDUCEMENT, ., elombele.
INDULGE, vt., ye'ya; vc., bibkisa;
/ ' ' . , sokbtana, yungutana.
INDULGENT, vph., lekaboyeyaka.
INDUSTRIOUS, vph., sokbtana na
ntbmo.
li u

INDUS-INGOT

(370)

INDUSTRIOUS person, n. , mondolo.

INDUSTRY, i/. , bondolo.
(work), //.. lotbmo.
INDWELLING of, nph., boweli bo
. . . we.
INEBRIATE, vph., langisa masanga.

INEFFABLE, vph. , pita boiobi.

INEFFICIENT, vs., kutwa.
INELIGIBLE, vph., senga bokomi,
INEPT, .-/<., senga bokoki.
INEQUALITY, nph., boyeseni soke
naka.

INERT, vs. , yikakala.

INEVITABLE, vs., bbndendala ;
iii</. , bcndcndc.
INEXCUSABLE, vph., senga biya-

ko or mikalo.
INEXHAUSTIBLE, vpl/., senga bosilibwi.

INEXORABLE, vph., yika mpiko.

INEXPEDIENT, vph., simbisa mambi.

INEXPERIENCE, ., bozinga.
INEXPLICABLE, vs., bbmbana;
in il. kakatanu.
INEXTRICABLE, vph., pakoma
kwb.
(of matters), vs., kakatana, yungatana, yungutana.
INFALLIBLE, vph., senga boyese
ni ; /,/. , be, bo-be.
INFALLIBILITY, ., bobe-bo, bosenga mayese.

INFAMOUS, dph., na lumu lobe.

INFAMY, iiph., lumu lobe.
INFANCY, ., bontoi.
INFANT (in arms), ., lotei.
(walking but still suckling), .,
mpou.

INFATUATE, n-., puplsa; vt., pu

pa.
INFECT, -,'/. , yambetisela.
INFECTION, ., boyambeteli.
receive, vin. , yambetela.
INFECTIOUS, dph., na boyambete
li; vs., lnlwa.
INFER, .'.. ackisa (sekia).
INFERENCE, ., esekisi.
INFERIOR, -y'//.,lekblabobc, ebali bobe.

INFIDEL, //ph., momenoli oboyambi.

INFINITE, i/id., li-li, tambili-tambili; vph., senga mandelo.

INFINITY, ., boli-li.
INFIRM, vin. , kobo.
INFIRMITY, //. , bonunu.
INFLAME, m-., lolisa; vph., bulisa.
eyangala, bulisa eybngele.
INFLAMED, vin., zuka; -.M., yu-

kuma ; ind. , yuku-yuku.

INFLAMMABLE, iiph. , na nguya e
lika.

INFLATED, vin., luluba lyuluba).

INFLEXIBILITY, n.colq., mobaka.
INFLEXIBLE, ,''.. ngenxenzala,
ngenzwa ; ind. . ngenzenze.
INFLICT fine, vph., le mosblo.
punishment, vc. , kambisa, ka-

nga.
INFLICTION, //., likamba.
suflcr, vin., kamba.
INFLUENCE, ., mobendano; vs.,
bendana ; -'<'. , bendinya :/''.,
yimba; rap., yambetisela;
/'/.. yambetela.
INFORM, iv.,londo; vap. (people),
londele.

INFORMAL, use derivative of incon

gruity ; they came to an infor
mal meeting, baybngani eybngana-ybngana.
INFORMATION, ., moloado, mosakb.

retained, //.. mbala.

INFORMED, well, vin., kokbla (na
mambi).

INFREQUENT, iud., soi.

INFRINGE, vt., minga.
INFURIATE, vc., ngalisa; rt., tumola.
INFUSE, vt., tele.
INGATHERING, //.. mamukela.
INGENIOUS, dph., na bwanya.
construction, //. , bompb.
thing, n.. mpapo (mosel).
INGENUITY, ., bwanya.
INGENUOUS, tn,t., polele, pole,
sembo.

INGLORIOUSNESS, ., nconi.
INGOT, ., mobonda, mobombo.

I.NGRA-I.NSIDK

INGRATIATE,

vph.,

klilola . . .

ngblu.
INGREDIENT, ., ekakoli.
INHABIT, vph., zala b, lamba b.
INHABITANT, ., monce 2.
INHALE, vt., benda.
INHERENT, ind., bwa.
INHERIT, vt., tuka.
INHERITANCE, ., libula.
INHUMAN, iicg.p//., d komo bobato ka.
INIQUITY, ., ekuna.
INITIAL, ., ebandela; dph., 6
banda.
INITIATE, vc., bambisa.
INJECT an enema, vt., yangbla.
INJUDICIOUS, vs., setetala; ind.,
setete.
INJURE, i' ., yesinya, bebisa, sumbisa ; vph. , toisa bwale.
INJUSTICE, n.pl., mayose.
INK, //., bokbbo.
-pot, it.. nkeni c bokbbo.
INLAND, ap//., b nce.

INLET, ., ewelele.
from river, ., mpbkola.
from river between wooded
banks, . , esabe, obanda.
INMATE, nph., mozali b ndako.
INMOST, ap//., b moi. He believes
it in his inmost heart, akoliyamba b moi mb molbko.
INN, ///'/>., ndako 6 babutu.
INNATE, use mombbto on the fol
lowing models / he spoke with
innate Jbolishness, alobi na
bolema bb mombbto mb
yeye ; thieving was innate in
him, boyibi bbliki mombbto
mb yeye.
[moi,
INNER (room), nph. (llsbko ll)
INNERMOST, nph., moi mb (nongo ll)nco.
INNOCENCE, nph., bosenga bobe.
(of wrong with which one is
charged), //.. elbnga.
INNOCENT, ;iph., senga bobe.
(of wrong with which one is
charged), vi//., lbnga.
fully, vph., lbnga wolblb,
declare, vc. . lbngisa.

INNOVATION, ///., zambilltemu.

INNUMERABLE number, ., limpinga.
(of birds), ind., kolu-kolu.
INOCULATE, i '/-;-., tole bokomaka.
INOFFENSIVENESS, ii., nyile.
INORDINATE, vs., sokbtana [/,/.,
sbkoto], sete'tala [ind. , setste].
desire for opposite sex, ., bongondo.
INORDI NATION, ., mosokotano,
mosetete.
INQUIRK, r/. , loboto ; ind. , lobotu.
particularly so as to recognise,
vt, , lokolo.
for, colq.vt., yama.
INQUIRER, ., molobbti.
INQUIRY, ., molobbto.
IxguisiriVE, vph., loboto lobotu.
INSANE, ,-///., kabwa llngai, bele
boswa.
INSANITY, //.. lingai, boswa.
INSATIABLE (said of heart), vs.,
poibana ; ind. , poi-poi.
INSCRIBE, vl<//., sono bokomaka.
INSCRIPTION, ., liyebisa.
INSCRUTABLE, vs., labama; ind.,
laba.
INSECT, /;.. enangananga; .;.'
also ANT.
various kinds of, ., ekongene,
okusii, esbmbankoni, etebe,
likunzi, lingia, lokutu, lonzoi (monzoi), lopenzenzu,
lopesean, losisa (mbwa), losbnbnb, mompipingi, moyindela-busa.
powder, n.pl., mangongolo.
INSENSIBLE, vs., lebwa, yimbwa ;
ind., binkulu.
INSEPARABILITY, t/., eli-oli.
INSEPARABLE, vp//., bandema banda ngbi.
INSERT, ,-. ., tele, subia [subama.
suba], ybkia [ybkeme, ybko].
into a rack, -"/. , kblia [kblama,
kola].
INSERTION, //.. mompakia.
INSIDE, ., moi.
of, ////. , b moi mb.

INSID-INTER

( 372 )

INSIDIOUSNESS, n. , bombala, nkuku.

INSIGHT, /.-.. bosbsoli.
have, .-;'.. sosolo.
INSIGNIFICANT, ind., ninge-ninge.
INSINCERE, vs., ndelengene, walangana ; /'/. , pele.
INSINUATE, vph., bwaka molende.
INSINUATION, ., molende.
INSIPID, vs., sabwa, lelwa, lekwa.
render, vt., lelolo, lekolo; vc.,
abwixt.
INSIPIDITY, n., bobiba.
INSIST, vt., bciiga.
INSOLENCE, ., nkamb, bokambli.
INSOLENT towards, vt. , kamola.
INSOLUBLE, vs., letetala [letete],
kolongono [kolbngb], molongono [molongo].
INSPECT, vt., kengele (kenge).
INSPIRATION, nph., bobendimpbma nde ; //. , boyuleli.
INSPIRE, i '/'//., benda mpoma
nde; vt., yula; va//., yulela; vph., batisa mpoma.
INSTALMENT, ., mobeko.
INSTANCE, ., lokela, lolenge, lokblii, loll mo.
INSTANT, ., boljolc.
INSTEAD of, ////., o nongo e, o
opose c, and hy the use of the
appliedform.

INSTEP, npl/., loijoai lb llkaka.

INSTIGATE, ,'.., bandlsa.
(a fight), vt. , sukbla, kuya.
INSTIL, i<!., to'.e.
INSTINCT, ., tososoli.
know by, vt. , sololo (cocolo).
INSTITUTE, vc., bandisa; vt.,
lengele (longele).
INSTRUCT, vt., laka; vc., lakisa.
in secrets of profession, vc., bambisa.
(issue commands), .-''-. , sikisa.
INSTRUCTION, ., lilako, mosikiso.
INSTRUMENT, ., ekelela.
of music, various kinds of, n. , bototo, esanga, esanzi, cku-

INSTRUMENT (continued).
ngu, libio, longombi, manza.,
mokongbngbli, noanya, nkosi ; for drums see DRUMS.
INSTRUMENTAL, vt., sunga; also
by causative of verb.
INSUBORDINATION, ., lokmo,
lokilo.
INSUFFICIENT, vs., kutwa, ngendwa.
INSULT, vph., kelela nganya.
INSUPERABLE, vph., lckbla bokuti.
INSUITORTABLE, vph., senga boINTACT, ind., bwa.
[kendi.
INTEGRITY, ., bosembwi.
have, vs., sembwa.
INTELLECT, n. , molimo; colq.,
mutu.
INTELLECTUALITY, //., bolimo,
bomutu.
INTELLIGENCE, //.,likbka; col<].,
mutu.
INTELLIGENT, vin., kbka; dph.,
nil mutu yasala.
INTELLIGIBLE, ind., polele, pole.
INTEMPERATE, vs., sokbtana ;
/Hi/.. sokoto.
INTEND, v!., kana.
INTENSE, vph., kbta nguya.
INTENSELY, feel cold, vph., yoka
nzbto biu-biu.
INTENSITY, . , nguya.
INTENT, vs., timimala; ind., ti.
(will), //., mokano.
INTENTION, ., mokano, moango
(moyango).
(evil), ., lbma (bondunu).
INTENTLY, ind., cb, ti.
INTER, ,-/. . kunda.
INTERCEDE for, vap., sukcla, bbndemela, bondelele, bbndclela.
INTERCEPT, vt. , ye'kia ; ind. , yeka.
INTERCESSOR, n. , mosukeli, mobbndumeli, mobondeleli.
INTERCHANGE, vc., bukinya; vs.,
bukana ; -',-<'.. , yenzasana.
INTERCOURSE, n. , motambwisano.
sexual, ., bokwani.

( 373 )

INTERDICT, vt., yeka.

INTEREST (a person), vph., timisa (moto) timimalu.
cent. per cent. , n. , ekwanza ;
colq. , mbeka 6 Bolobo.
on loan, nph., bopotb-libela.
per cent., npi/., nzakla ll mi-

INTER-INVA

INTESTINAL worm, n. , elembi.

INTESTINE, . , moncobo, mosobo.
INTIMACY, ., boninga.
INTIMATE, np//., ncbnga na ncbnga.
(hint), 'vl'/!., yengia mambi
mbblongo.
INTERESTING, vph., timisa miso
(tell), ,-/.. sakola.
timimalu; .-'.-.. timimala.
INTIMIDATE, vc., kembisa.
INTERFERE, vph:, yekia munya.
INTO, prep., b, ombe; ////., b moi
in a palaver, vph., salibana or
mb.
salangana ua mamb! ; ///,/. , INTOLERABLE, vph. , senga boyiHali-sali.
sibwi.
INTERIOR, ., moi.
[nce. INTOLERANT, vph., senga boyisi.
of place as opposed to shore, . , INTOXICATE, vph. , langisa miso.
INTERJECTION, ., nkamb.
INTOXICATION, ., bolangwa.
INTERLACE, vc., sekitinya (ceki- INTOXICATING, vin., kbta.
tinya) ; vs. , seketene.
drink, European, ., ngwala.
INTERLEAVE, vph., tele mimpa- INTRENCH, vph., zbnga libenge
kia mi mangongo.
or libela.
INTERMEDIARY in marriage trans
INTRENCHMENT, i/., libange, llaction, ., ndonga, moabela.
mabu, moyambi.
INTREPIDITY, n., bonzanga.
INTERMEDIATE, a///., b ntei.
INTRICATE, .'.-.. kangatana.
INTERMINGLE, vc., cobinya.
INTRIGUE, ///., moango mb
(of people), vrec., tambwasana.
nkuku.
INTERMITTENT, vs., ny6ngana.
INTRODUCE, vt., beke, kamba;
INTERNAL, aph., o moi.
vc., wellsa.
INTERPOSE, vt., yekia (mambi).
one person to another, vc., oINTERPOSED, vs., yekama; ind.,
swisa.
yeka.
INTRODUCTION to book, n. . ebaINTERPRET, vt., limbbla, zendela.
ngbla.
INTRUDE, r.r. , lembalemba ; vph.,
INTERROGATE, vt., luka.
sinya nzbto.
INTERRUPT, vc., pepisa; vt., INTRUDER, n., mole'mbalembi.
yekia.
INTRUST, vph.,yo . . . bobateli.
INTERSECT, vs., seketene (coke- INTUITION, n. , bososoli.
tone).
know by, -.''/. , sbsolo (cocolo).
INTERTWISTED, vs., lingatana.
i INUNDATE, vc., lindisa.
INTERVAL, ., eleko.
INURE, vc., yekisinya.
stated, use nasonga with the i INURED, i-..-., yekasana, misene.
derivative of counted action/ l/e INVADE, vph., yabokubbli.
comes at stated intervals, ako- INVALID, ., mokbu 2.
ya loya na loya nasonga.
INVALIDATE, vt. , senzbla.
INTERVENE, vph., kete ndelo.
INVALIDITY, ///., bosenga boloINTERVIEW, vrec., lobasana.
ngbbani.
INTERWEAVE, vs., sekitinya (ce- INVALUABLE, dph., na ntalo.
kitinya).
INVARIABLE, aph., se lokbla :
INTESTATE, die, vph., wa munya
in,/.. kia-kia.
potb.
INVASION, . , nkubb.

INVEC-ITS

( 374 )

IRON (continued).
INVECTIVE, ., etwi, etaya.
ore, npl., malio (balio).
INVEIGH, . /.. twa, tayasana.
rattle, ., lingila.
INVEIGLE, vt., pele; vc., pelisa,
sheet of, . , epala, epele.
lombo, bongo (kombo).
struck by flint in flint-lock gun,
INVENT, vt., tuba; vph., bbta
. , lokulu.
mambi.
which splits when hammered, n.,
an hypothesis, vt., cony.a
bonkangu.
(sonya).
laundry, //.. motitoli.
INVENTION, n., lituba.
wood, //.. moselengu.
INVENTOR, n. , etuba.
INVERT, vt., Id/tia [kutama, IRONICAL, vin., yo.
IRONS, .//., bieii [//. 0/eyeli],
kuta, kute].
from regular position, vt., bbbia IRONY, ., liyoi.
IRRATIONAL, dph., na lopupu, na
[bbbama, boba I.
bolema ; ndj. , nzenzele.
INVEST (clothes), vc., swisa.
IRRATIONALLY, talk, vs., lblbmoney, vc., lukisa.
INVESTIGATE, vt., loboto; ind.,
mwa.
IRRECONCILABLE, vph., senga
lobotu.
bobondibwi, senga boputaINVETERATE, vin., bika.
INVIGORATE, vph., betbla moni.
IRREGULAR, ind., sanu ; vs., kalimo, betbla nguya.
INVINCIBLE, vph., kolongono or
katana.
mixed, . '-., cobongono.
molongono na nguya ].'/'<'. ,
IRREVERENT towards, vt. , menbla.
molongo, kolongo].
INVISIBLE, render, vt. , labia [la- IRRIGATE, vc., nlnisa (nce)_.
IRRITABLENESS, ., ekoseli.
bama, liiba],
IRRITATE, vc., yakwisa, bells a.
INVITATION, n., bobiangi.
tumbla ; ;/'/. , pe nkanda.
INVITE, vt., bianga, yblo, yembe.
INVOCATE, ,-.'.. bianga, bbndela Is, see BE.
na, bondele, pekele, bonde- ISLAND, n., esanga, esika.
mele.
grass, n., ekokb.
ISOLATE, vs., lengengala; ind.,
(a fetish) vph., ta mise'so.
lengele; v;//.. tika lengele.
INVOICE, nph., lingongo li mituya.
ISSUE (family), ., libbta.
(come forth), vin., pima, pbla
INVOKE, see INVOCATE.
(a fetish), .-/., sesa, sesbla.
(bima).
(circulate), vc., oakinya.
INVOLUNTARY, vph., senga bo.siorders, . ', .. sikisa.
mbisi.
INVOLVE, vs., kangatana; vc., IT, pron. agrees with the nouns oj
kangitinya.
the various classes/ 3, 4, 5, 8,
yengb ; 6, 10, lbngb ; 7, bbINVULNERABILITY, ., mokuba.
INWARD, ///.. b moi.
ngb ; 9, lingo ; 1 1 , mbngb.
ITCH disease, //.. nkana, lokbsb.
INWARDS, dph., bi moi.
INWROUGHT, vs., subama; ind., ITCHINESS, n.. ncoi, nkangi.
ITEM, nph., zambi lioko, motuya
suba.
IRASCIBILITY, n. , nionkei.
moko.
of news, //. , mokblb, losango.
lRKSOME, dph., na bwale, na
ITINERATE, vph., betinya Wse,
eningi.
betinyabituka ; /. , kongbla.
IRON, ., eyeli, eipi, mpindi.
I
ITS is e \pressed by construing it in
(clothes), vt., titbla.
forged lump of, . , mobonda.
an ndi, cl.

(37S )
ITSELF, ref. pron. isformed by add
ing -me to the personal and
class pron.
IVORY, ii., monzo [l'!., mionzo].
horn, i/.. ekungu.

JABBER, ;-///. , sokbtana na bolobi.

JACKASS, vph., mpunda e bwele.
JACKET, -///.. monko'to mo likol6 ; i/. , zakiti.
JAG, vt., bongbla, bonbla; n.,

libono, likeke, likiako.

without a, ind. , weiele.
JAIL, a.. ekambela.
JAM, fruit, nph., boi bo mbolu.
dish, nph., lilongo ll boi bo
mbolp.
JAR, vs., ' ngbengenyene ; ind.,
ngbengenye.
(vessel), //.. ebaka, ndungu.
large, ii., ebongp, ebongwa.
JARRING, ind., ngengeti.
JAUNT, vt., kongbla.
JAVELIN, ., engbndb.
JAW, ., mobanga.
lower, ///., mobanga mo nce.
upper, nph., mobanga mo likolb.

bone, nph., lokwa lb mobanga.

JEALOUS, vph., bele masomo, wa
masomo.
person. ///., mowi 6 masomo.
strife between wives of polygamist, n., likale.
JEALOUSY, ., masomo.
JEER, .-/. . mungbla.
JELUY, i/.pl., malolu.
JEMMY, ///'//.. lltengu likuso.
JEOPARDIZE, vt. , nyokolo.
JEOPARDY, ., monyokb.

be in, OT., nyokwa; i///., buna

na minyoko.
JERK, ,-/. . lenda, woka.
JEST, n.. eseso, eyele.
JESUS, n., Yesu.
JET of water, n., llsololo.
JEW, nph., mosi Yuda, 6-Yuda
[//., Ba-Yuda].

ITSELF-JOURNEY

JEWEL, ///., libwa ll motuya,

libwa ll ncengi.
JIGGER, . , eyanzi, lokiso, lokusu.
extract, vph., bila eyanzi.
JILT, vph., boma bondeko na.
JINGLE, vs., bengene, tokens,
cekene.
JOCULAR, dph., na likengwa.
JOCULARITY, ., likengwa.
JOG, vt., oinza.
JOGGLE, ind., ye, pekete, petamo,
with the_ verb kita.
JOIN, vt., ouca, puta, tongia [tongama, tonga]; TV., tonginya; ind., ouce-cuce.
as rivers, vs. , takana.
[ngo.
in partnership, vph., puta lototogether, vs., putana; vc., putinya.
(with a company), vs., pakema ;
ind., paka.
(with string), vt., kanga.
JOINER, //.. mobongo n.
JOINT, n., lltongo, llcuca.
of meat, see names of various
parts of the body.
of meat, neck, n., ekaka.
JOIST, ., mosambako, mose-

mbako.
JOKE, . , aseso, eyele.
crack, vph., bola zambi.
JOLLY, vph., sokbtana na like
ngwa.
JOLT, vc. , tetumisa ; vs. , takuma,
takubana ; ind. , taku-takii.
JOSTLE, vph., cinza bolukisa ; vt.,
kukuta.
JOT, nph. , mwu eloko ek'eke.
JOURNEY, ., mobembo (mokingi); .'///.. bemba.
In estimating distances thefollow
ing are the models for the con
structing of sentences / \ve
shall reach there in 4 days, ldkbyetela bngo na mbisa e
inikblo minei; or on the
fourth day, b mokolo mo mi
nei.

by canoe, vph. , luka o bwe'ngd,

luklsa bwengo.

JOPR-NEY-KEEP-

( -376 )

JOURNEY (continued).
down river, ., mocaka.
up river, n. , monano,
returning same day, ., mosumba.
TOY, .ii., esengo, molbnzb.
JOYFUL noise, n., elango.
make, vin., langa.
JUDGE (matters), vt., tende.
(persons), ap., tendele.
[ll.
(person), ., motendi, motendcJUDICIAL inquiry, ., libanza,
mbanzo.
JUG, n., etebu.
kind of, ///., nkeni e cngetele,
nkeni e limete.
hot water, nph. , etebu e mai
ma meya.
milk, ///., etebu e mai ma
mabele.

JUGULAR, use nkingb in adj. cl,

JUICE, n.pl. , mai.
circulating, of plants, npl., mankiki.
from lokumu, sticky, ., nde'-

mbo.
JUMBLE, vc., bulunginya; vs.,
bulungana.
JUMP, vs., yumbwa; n., liyumbwa, loyumbwa, rno-ncondi.
back, vph., yumbwa mambiambisa, butwa simbe, butwa
beku; '/'--.. bekuma, kubwa,
zubwa.
up and run, vs. , ngunzwa ; vph.,
lunza lobangu.
upon, vph. , yakema b.
JUNCTION, ., llkau.
JUNGLE, ., ekaka.
JUNIOR brother of brother, or sister
of sister, n.. molimi.
son, niwana e elenge.
JURISDICTION, ., monkandi,
liosc.
JUST, vs., yengebene.
adv., se.
as if, nph., lolimo ete nde.
now, aph., sika-sik'awa.
so, aph., e bongo.
then, ap//., sika-sik'angani.

JUSTICE, n. , boyengebeni.
JUSTIFIABLE, vs., yengebene.
JUSTIFICATION (act.), ., boyengibinyi, (slot. ) boyengebeni.
JUSTIFY, vc., yengibinya.
(declare innocent), vc., lbnglsa.
JUVENILE, n. , elenge.

KEEL, n., ntanda.

KEENNESS, . , mpia.
KEEP alive, vii/., blka; i<c., bikisa.
account of evil until a suitable
time for telling or taking ven
geance, vii/., kibila, yunela,
kunela.
animals, vpl/., yokolo bibwa.
awake, vph,_, sbnga nteke.
back, /;.. simbisa.
clear (of), vs. , pelengene (bmbe u
company with, vph., zalaetbnga
na.
(defend), vt., batela ; sue/..
ngbi.
(doing), vc., bikisa.
down, :'/'//., sokia sbke.
(flocks, to shepherd), vt., kengele, batela.
for oneself, vt. , mma.
from, vph., batela, kata with
tnd. kbso, tango, sei followed
by prep. b.
(hide), vt., bbmba.
(house), vt. , kengele.
in, ,v.. kelisa, yelisa.
off', .-v. , bengisa.
on, vii/., bika.
out, v/'//.. simbisa b ndanda.
(provide for), vt., yokolo.
(reserve), v!., bulla [bulama,
bule].
secret, vph., bbmba nkuku,
pbto mambi.
silence, vpl/., zala bm.
to one's self, vph., kanga nzbto.
under, vph. , bikisa b nce e.
up. vs., bandema; iiid. . banda.
watch, vin., bwakinya, senzele.

(377)

KEEPER-KNOCK

KEEPER, ., mobateli.
KINGDOM, ., bokonzi.
KEEPSAKE, ., eyindwisela.
KINGFISHER, various kinds of
KEG, //.. enzenze.
//.. ncengengeli, lindenge,
large, nph. , enzenze e ngomo.
bokamba.
KENNEL, nph., esake e mbwa.
KING- POST, ., lipata li ntondo.
KERNEL, ., mongenga.
KINGSHIP, ., bokonzi.
of nut from a kind of creeper, t/., KINSHIP, n., boboto.
lombelenge, mombelenge.
KINSMAN, n., ebbto.
of palm nut, .. molika, lolika. Kiss, vt., pwepwe; n., lopweKETTLE, n., mpotb, ketele (Eng.)
pwe.
KITCHEN, n. , elambela.
3KEY, nph., mwana d ncabi.
KITTEN, nph., litumbu ll ngaKEY-HOLE, nph., lilusu ll ncabi.
mpango.
KICK, nph., bete moncila ; n., KNAVE, nph., mowalibani b bomoncila.
kutinyi.
away, vt., bimbbla.
KNAVISH, vph., walibana b bo(in convulsions), vs., senyakutinyi.
senya.
KNEAD, vt., nyila, nyuka.
out legs, vt. , senya; ii/d., se-se'.
flesh to disperse pain, vt., tuta.
KID, iil'/,.. litumbu ll ntaba.
KNEADED well, n., lonyilo.
KIDNEY, ., lombangampiko, KNEADING board, corrugated, nph.,
mondikampiko.
epbmba e bingunza.
trough, nph., epbmba e biula.
KILL, vt. , boma ; ind. , bomu.
between finger nails, rt. , bola, KNEE, n., libolongo.
bele.
cap, nph. , ebeke e libolongo.
by compressing spline across KNEEL, vs. ,kumbama; ind., kuthroat, vph., yike'1a monkembe ; ;'/'//.. kumbia mabololenge b zelu.
ngo.
hy hanging, vph., koma nkingb. KNIFE, ., mbieli.
(deal the finishing blow), iit. ,
various kinds of, n. , botale,
selolo.
ebeya, epamba, limete,
something that is sick, and not
ncasa, ncoko, ngbblb, ntoto,
likely to live, rt. , selolo.
empweti.
KILLING (supposed) by fetish, .,
bread, nph. , mbieli e engbele.
cawing, nph., mbieli e sese.
nkali.
rest, nph. , mbata e mbieli.
KILN, ., litumbu.
KILOMETRE, see METRIC system.
shut or pocket, nph., mbieli 6
boyumbaka.
KILOGRAMME, see METRIC system.
-board, nph., epbmba e sungbla
KIND, //..lokbla, lolenge, lollmo.
act, nph., zambi ll bobotd.
mbieli.
fellow, n. , eboto. This word KNIT, vt., kobila.
eyebrows, vph., kanga minziwith this meaning is used in
nda, kanga nkiki.
saying thank you.
[mbwa.
KINDLE, /., bambbla; vs., baKNOB, n., llboie, mbbto.
f/re by friction, vph. , seba meya. i KNOBLIKE end of handle, ., mbb
KINDNESS, ., bobbto.
to.
fickle, nph., boboto bilalai.
KNOCK (a door), vap. , betele ; ind. ,
KINDRED, n.pl.. bibbto.
ko-ko.
KINO, n.. mokonzi.
away, vt. , bimbbla.
crown, vph., tukisa mokonzi;
charred wood off piece of fire
colq. , yanga ekanga.
wood, vt., cecula; ind., cieu.

KNOCK-LAND

( 378 )

KNOCK (continued).
down (erections, trees), vt. , bundbla.
from a mass, -'/. , bukbla.
heavily, vph., bbla kab.
off with a stick, vt., sukbla.
out (a nail), iit., ybsbla, kwakola.
(tooth), ,-///.. kete lino, bukbla
lino.
over backwards, vph. , bimbbla
mancankale.
up against, vt., yupbla.
kneed, vph. , makolo mimbole.
KNOT, n., llswe.
in tree, ., libolu, llswe.
tie, vt., kbma, kanga, coma.
tie a bow, vph., kanga boyunbla.
untie, , -/. , pusbla, kangbla.
KNOTS, without, vph., sembwa
ti-tl.
KNOTTED (hair), vs. , kasasala.
KNOW, vt., yeba.
(recognise), vt., sosolo (cocolo).
long time ago, vph., yeba bele.
KNOWLEDGE, ., boyebi.
(of folk lore), n., lileki.
impart, vc., yebisa.
(recognition), n. , bosbsoli.
KNOWN, vs., yebana, ybkana.
make, vc. , ye'binya.
make (spread news), vc., tambwisa, cakinya.
KNUCKLE, ., litongo, licuca.
KOLA nul, ., libelu.
tree, ., bobelu.

LABEL, vp//., lingdngo ll bilembo.

LABIA, ., mombaba.
LABORIOUS, dph., na bwalc ; vin.,
kbta.
LABOUR, .. bosali, bonyingwi;
.'.'., nyingwa.
alone at a difficult task, vs. , yengayenga.
first pains of, prior to delivery,
a.. etwisa.

LABOUR (continued).
pains, //.//., minkaka.
(trouble), . , bwale.
LABOURER, . , mosali.
LABYRINTH (maze), i/., mokakatano, maiinga iniayunga<.
LACE, .-.'.. sekitinya.
LACERATE, iph., kala mpbta cece.
LACERATION, np//., mpbta ce-ce.
LACING, i/.//., miseketenb.
LACK, n.. bosenga, boyende ; /.'..
senga, yende.
no, ///.':., zela te.
LACKEY, ., bondumbu.
LACQUER, vt., lipa.
LAD, nph. , eleuge e bwcle.
LADDER, ., bokando, bonango,
etaka.
mount, vt., nanga.
LADE (a vessel), vc., lemisa, kdndlsa.
heavily, vt., ngendolo.
LADEN, vs., lekekele; /'rf.,lekeke.
(of a canoe or person with dress),
in/,'.. ndende.
LADLE, ., lltbko; .-'/., tbkbla.
LADY, ., ngondb.
LAG, vs., yungwa, monyibana,
ngonyibana ; init. , mony imonyi, ngbnyi-ngonyi.
LAGGARD, ., esende, osesu.
LAIR, n., ebeto, eyalo.
LAKE, ., eliba, libeke.
small, entered by narrow water
way, ., libanda.
LAMB, nph., lltumbu ll mbata.
LAM E, i'..-. , tenguma ; /'/,-/. , tengu ;
.-,-., lemisa; vin., lemele.
limb, . , etengu.
LAMENT, vt., lebe, lela.
LAMENTATION, n.pl., bilelo; n.,
lilebb.
LAMP, //., mpaka.
LANCE, ., likongo; vt.. tuba.
LANCET, n., lotebu.
LAND, . , nce', mokbndo; vt. , labbla, seme.
a canoe bow foremost, vt., yondo.

( 379 )

LAKH-LAVA

LARK, vph., sana bosanaka.

LARVA _(insect), ., enangananga.
LARYNX, ., mongongb.
LASCIVIOUSNESS, n., bongbndb.
LASH, n., mobembo; .-'/., pibka ;
vp//., samba pio-pio.
(bind), ;'/., kanga, koto.
LASS, nph. , elenge e mwene.
LASSITUDE, . , eningi, eseli.
LASSO, i/., zombb, lilombb.
LAST, vin., bika: vs., selengene.
(hindermost), dpk., na mbisa.
of all, ind., kuku.
to the, a/'i/. . b bosuku.
LATCH, n., esimbisela.
LATCHET of sandal, ., ekokila.
LATE, aph., b mbisa e elembe.
(of late), aph., bele-bele na sik'awa, sometimes the phrase is
used with the prep. na.
LATENT, ind., pbtb.
LATER on, aph., na ndembe.
LATERAL, aph., b lobanze, b lokenge.
LATH, n., likengete.
LATH, n., monkelenge.
LATHE, nph., makina ma kete
zblolo.
ld.
LANTERN, nph. , ndako e mpaka. LATHER, ., lopulu ilowulii/, loulu [pl., mpulu] ; i/., singa
LANTERN-JAWED, nph., mibanga
or kola mpulu.
boba.
LATTICE work, nph., miso ma
LAP, n.pl., bibelb.
ndeke.
(flap), n.. obalo, lombalo.
(water), -'t., kabbla, piakbla, LAUD, vt., sanzbla.
LAUGH, vt., zeke, zeke kie-kie.
piatbla. .
at, vt., zeke, kengolo.
LAPSE, vin., tika.
hearty, n., ekangala, ekanga(of time), vin., leka.
nga.
LARD, nph. , mail ma ngombele.
imitation of, ind., kie-kie.
LARGE, adj., -ne.
imitation of sarcastic, ind. , kwianything very large in appearance,
kwe.
n., engambambali.
(smile), vs. , mungamunga,
at, in,/., puso.
mungwa.
not comparatively, vs., kekete- ;
to scorn, vt., sisbla.
ne.
LAUGHABLE, nph., na boseso.
become, vin., nene, kata.
LAUGHTER, n., bozeki.
creature, //.. lokukutu.
-hearted, dph., na bongundbli | LAUNCH, vc., sundisa.
(small steamboat), nph., bwengo
makabo.
bb nkuka.
congregation of persons or crea
LAVATORY, ., esdgela,
tures, ind., pwi-pwl.

LAND (continued).
(country), n., monce.
cultivated, ., lisala.
curved stretch of, . , ngunda.
dry, //. , mokili.
fallow, //.. mobula.
(soil), i/.pl., masotu.
(soil) soft, n.pl., miboku.
uncultivated, ., moleki.
white man's, n. , mpbtb.
LANDING, n., esemele.
LANDLORD, //ph., mome nce.
LANDMARK, n., elembo.
LANDSCAPE, ///'//., etabala e nce.
LANDSLIP, nph., ebuki e masbtu ;
a., ebukwi.
LAND-TAX, nph., monyango mo
nce.
LANDWARD, n., nce.
LANGUAGE, n., lokbta.
filthy, nph., mambi ma manyti
li, mambi ma bompunda.
insulting, n.pl., bitwi, bitaya.
LANGUID, vs., nyingwa.
LANGUISH, vs. , lekwa.
LANGUOR, n. , eningi, eseli.
LANK (hair), ind., sembo.
LANKY, vs., kolblblb; ind., kolo-

LAVISH-LEAK
LAVISH upon, vt. , ngundbla ; ind. ,
ngbu-ngbu.
LAW, a., mobeko.
(a written law), /////.. monkana
mo mibeko.
mutual going to, part. , bobanzana,
of nature, nph., mobekd mo
molongo.
proclaim, nph., lambbla mobe
ko.
LAWFUL, vs., longbbana.
LAWLESS, dph. , na bomingi.
LAW-SUIT, n.. libanza, mbanzo.
LAWYER, n_ph. , mosali d mibeko.
LAX, vt., lelolo; vs., lelwa.
LAXATIVE, vph. , koisa moi.
LAXITY, ., boleloli.
LAY a hem, nph., yumba nkobo.
a wager, vph., sika mbengu.
aside, vt. , bomba.
I.lume on, ,'t.. banza.
blame on someone else, vph.,
bwakela mongenza.
bricks, ;///.. banza mabiliki.
desolate, vt., kutia [kutama,
kute, kuta].
down, vc., tutumisa ; vph., tika tuta.
down (part of borrowed money to
delay full payment), vt. , bukbla.
eggs/ vph., bbta makei.
firm hold of, vt., yika.
hold of, vt., kata, b/imba; ind.,
bu ; imperative only, ma.
in, vc., yonginya; vs., yongana.
one's self down, vs. , tutuma.
one thing upon another, vt., yakia [yakema, ka].
open, vph., tika pole, polelc or
tandi.
out, vt., lengele (longele), ta.ndola.
over, vt., pbto.
(set traps), vt., bekia [bekama,
beka].
siege against, vt., kubola.
the table, vph., tandola epbmba.

LAY (continued).
to heart, vt., bonda.
up, vt., bomba.
upside down, vt., kutia [kuta
ma, kute, kuta].
waste, as LAY upside down.
LAYER, ., lombalo, ebalo, loyald.
of grass on roof, ., lotembe.
LAZINESS, ., lomonyi, longonyi.
LAZY, vs., monyibana, ngonyibana ; ind. , monyi-monyi,
ngonyi-ngonyi.
LEAD, vt. , yambbla; ind., yajiitoo; ,',-.. tambwisa; vt.,
kola.
a charge in fighting, vph., bila
ntoko.
astray, vc., pingwisa,yengwisa.
(metal), n., epwe, pwe 3, bolu
pencil, nph., mosoni mb mwcte.
LEADER, n., moyamboli, and also
the adj. derived from the
causative form of any appro
printe verb as, leader of sing
ing, moyembisi.
LEADS (printing), n. , mpindi.
LEAF, . , langu 9 [//. , mangu],
zasa.
various kinds of, ., engunza,
likaba, likbnga, likwantali,
liloba, lingongo, mololombo, mconyonybli, mpbnga.
palm frond, i/. , mwanga, zanga.
frondlet and young shooting leaf
of plantain, n., mololombo.
(of book), //.. lombalo, ebalo,
lingongo.
of shrub used to feather mbasi,
. , lopete.
be in, ;"//.. sukukala na ma
ngu.
come into, vph., to mangu.
immature, n., lisongu.
fall, .'--.. lebwangana.
LEAK, vin., tanga, leka; ., lilusu, liusu (etusu, litusu),
epongo, elekela, moncblo,
monceoe.

)
LEAK (continued),
out, vin. , puna, pbla.,
spring a, vs. , tubya.
LEAN, ; ' ., kengia [kengama,
kenga], yekia [yekeme, yo
ke J ; .--., yendeme; in,l.
yende.
(of meat), i-.. kanyanyala,
nyakwa; ///'l, kanyanya.
on something else, take away so
as to not, vt. , yekolo.
over on stomach or of dilapi
dated house, i ' . , kukama ;
///'l, kuka.
(thin), vin., tunga; dph., na
moi biambili.
LEANING on one side, ., ekwe-

nde.
LEANNESS, //., botungu.
LEAP, vs., yumbwa; n., loyu-

mbwa, liyumbwa.
up and down in water, vph.,
yumbwa kubu ; vs. , kubwa.
with joy, vs., ngaluma; vin.,
ngana ; ///./. , ngalu-ngalu.
LEARN, vt., yekbla.
LEARNED, ,-///., yekasana na
minkana.
LEARNER, ., moyekoli.
LEAST, nph., ebali boke-boke.
LEATHER, ., ekbto.
LEATHERY, ., bonyito.
LEAVE, v'.. kumwa; , '/.. tika.
a thing in charge of anyone,
vph., tikakale.
alone altogether, vt. , sabbla.
alone on account of bad ways,

vc., yullsa.
sake, -'/''''., bbndcla epose.
(bequeath), vph., tika libula.
for present, vt., bulia [bulama,

bule].
give, vph., pe or tika epose;
,'< .. lingisa.
given to take a small portion
and the person takes a larger
one, i-t.. nbnola.
in a body, vs., kundwa.
' iff. vt. , tika, yila.
off accustomed work or habit, vt.,
yila.

LEAK-LEND

LEAVE (continued).
out, vph., tika kale.
part unbought, vc. , yulisa.
part unfinished , vc. , yulisa.
(permission), //., epose.

take, . ' .. kakana; //.. bokaka.ni.

where placed, vp//., tika sika.
LEAVEN, i/. , elulubisa; vc., lu-

lubisa.
LEAVENED, vp. , lulubibwa.
what has been leavened, ., elulubaki.
LEAVING of food, ., lopusa.
l.i.< ,i':, nph., etalaka ek'eke.
LEECH, ., losondo.
LEES, ., mbindi.
LEFT (side, etc.), ., nkoso or
mwasi in a;fj. cl.
alone, a being, //., bompenza.
be, vs., tikana.
behind, vpl/., tikana b mbisa.
over, vph., yula mpula.
LEFTHANDEDN.ESS, . , enkoso.
LEFTSIDE, . , nkoso.
LEG, . , lokolo.
across bedfellow, putting, //.,
litbmba.
bone, head of, ., epango.

cut off, nph., lokolo engulu.

foreleg, ., eboko.
hindleg, //., ekolo.
lower part of animal's, n. , engonzi.
of bed or table, ., lokolo.
LEGACY, . , libula.
LEGAL, .'///., longobana na mi-

beko.
LEGALITY, nph., bolongbbani bo
mibeko.
LEGALIZE, vph., longibinya na
mibeko.
LEGEND, ., ece'.
LEGIBLE, i/id., polele.
LEGION, ., limpinga.
LEGISLATE, vph., kete mibeko.
LEGITIMATE, vs,, longobana, yengebene, komo.
child, nph., mwana d libala.
LEGLET, ., ebanga, cwbku.
LEND, vc., bekisa.

LENGTH-LIE

( 382 )

LENGTH, ., bosanda.
at full, ///'/., cabili.
LENGTHEN, vc., sandisa, yblisa;
vt., yolbla (wolbl.t/.
LENGTHWISE, put, vph., scmbia
bosanda.
cut, vt., yatbla, yata ; vs.,
yatwa.
LENIENCY, ., bobbto; coh]., llbota.
LEOPARD, . , ngoi.
Various
kinds of, i/., mbebo, zolongoi,
monkono, montnla, lobwa.
l./.<'F.K. ., mombanda / /.
LEPROSY, ., bombanda.
LESS, grow, vs. , kokeme; ind.,
kbke.
1'<H . vph. , tika mwa soke.
than, vph., sokeme n.-t ; ind.ph.,
sbke na.
than rest (of.shares), i/uL, lombo ;
.- .-. , lengesene.
LESSEN, .-.'.. kokia [kokeme,
kbke], sbkia [sbkeme, sbke].
LESSON, //., loyekola.
LEST, adv. , kani, followed always
by the purportive mood of the
verb, or the meaning is repre
sented by the turportivc mood
alone.
LET, vt., tika.
a day go by, v/i//., lokisa mokblo.
alone, tika ;/'//." iinl. , sika, biu,
kale, mponza.
Mood, .-'... tangisa.
down, .-... sundisa.
go, vt., lebolo.
in or into, . ' . , lambinginya.
loose, vt., lebolo, pusbla.
(a spring), vt., pisbla.
off (from punishment), r/. , kambola.
off (free), vt., pusbla, lebolo.
out (secret), r/. , bola . vc., pimisa; vph., bola bo.
out (rent), vc., sombisa.
LETHARGY, nph., bolebwi bo nzoto, nzotd lebo.
LETTER, n., lingongo.
of alphabet, . . cletolo (eletela).

LEVEL, vt., cebolo; v/-. . patatala; /ii'/'.. paba, petete, patata, sembelele, tandi.
ground, //., lisembe.
(of one height), ind., bukelele.
up, vt., lambola.
LEVELLED up, vs. , lambangana.
LEVER, v/., bengbla; . , ebengoli.
canoe along with paddle resting
on side, vt., benola.
up, vt., tekbla.
LEVITY, n.p/. ,bizikezeke,bozeki.
(playfulness), ., bosano.
LEVY, vt., le, kunga.
duty, tax, or impost, vph., le
monyango.
blackmail, vph., le ckotn.
LIABLE, vin., yisa.
LIABILITY, ., etumu.
LIAR, //.. mokutinyi; n.pl., momene lokiita.
LIBEL, vt., yembbla.
LIBERAL to, vt., ngundbla; ind.,
ngbu-ngbu.
LIBERALITY, .,bompoli, likabo.
LIBERATE, vt., pusbla.
LIBERTY, ., boncomi.
be at (to do), vph., Zala na
epose e.
grant, //'-/., tika epose, pe
epose.
(permission), ., epose.
take the, vph., yamba epose.
LIBRARY, nph., liboko ll minkana.
LICE, t/.pl., ncisa 6.
sore, //. . limpaka.
LICENCE, ., epose.
LICENTIOUS, vph., yiba epose.
LICK, vt., pble, pelisa.
LID, //.. elibo, ebumbia.
of eye, ., lotoko.
LIE, //., lokuta; vc. , kutinya :
vap., kutela; .- .. kutisa.
by (rest), vin., ybmisa.
by (be near), vph., zala belebele na.
down, , ' .. tutuma / ind., tut a.
down (as goat), vph., tutuma
kuka.

( 33)
LIE (continued).
in wait, / ' . . lombisa (kombisa).
in wait for, v/., lamba.
on back, r/'h, , tutuma manoankale.
on ground instead of bed, .-'/'h.,
ngunzama o nce | ////'. , ngunze].
on side, vp//., tutuma kenga ;
vs., kengama.
on stomach, vp//., tutuma sa
mba ; . ' . , sambema.
open, ind., tandi.
prone, /-.. sambama, sam
bema; in<l. samba.
with, vp//., tutuma na.
LIFE, t/., bo'moi [//., momoi], bomo'i [//., mamoi].
after, nl'//., mazalela ma mbisa.
belt, n/'h., moncenge mo tolima.
come to life again, vs., sekwa.
present, ///., mazalela. ma
sik'awa.
future life, ///. , mazalela mambya.
-long, n/,//., mazalela manco.
-less (limp), ind., biokoso.
-like, vph., yula se co.
LIFT on to hip, vt. , benola.
oneself up, vt., yinbla.
up, vt., net bla, tomba.
up a little at a time in fish spear
ing, vt., nyanga.
up roof to admit light or air, vt.,
bangbla, banbla.
LIGAMENT, ., moncisa.
LIGATURE, ., mobembe.
LIGHT (kindle), vt., bambbla.
become (in weight), vin., yasa.
come to, vs. , kuswa, lbmwa.
diffused, i/., limwe (limole).
give, vin. , cenge, cengebana.
(in weight), adj., -yasu ; ind.,
yasaia, saii.
make light of, vS., menbla,
kina, ybtbla, pelwa.
(polished wood), ind., poi-poi.
ray of light, ., liyeyele.
show a light, vph., boninya
mpaka.

LIE-LIMIT

LIGHT (continued).
(what gives light), n., eoengi.
(what proceeds from a light), n.,
ncongi.
LIGHTEN (as of lightning), rx , kalibana, kallma ; ind., kalili,
kali-kali.
Llci/T-HEADE/i (heedless). The
Bobangi expression with this
meaning is heavy-headed, np//.,
mutu ngo.
LiuiiT-HEARTKii, vph., ybka molbko molbnzb.
LIGHTLY (of cat, etc.) walking, ra.,
nyomengene; /'/.. nyome.
LIGHTNESS of colour, i/., botolu.
in weight, ., bosali, boyasu.
LIGHTNING, streak of, ., mokakali.
LIGHTS of animals, ., zululu
[//., maululu].
LIKE, vt. , linga, nono.
as, ///., lolimo ete.
(resemble), vs., yulana.
make, vc. , yulisa.
(require), vt. , tema.
this, ind., be.
LIKELY, vin., yisa.
it is very likely, ///., soko se
bbngo.
LIKE-MINDEH, dph., na milbko
lokbla.
LIKEN, v<;, singinya, sbnginya.
LIKENESS, //. , lililingi, boyuli, (lilialingi).
to, bear, vt., yula.
LIKEWISE, ///. (at beginning of
sentence), mpe na; (at end of
sentence), se bbngo.
LIKING, .. bolingo, bononi.
LILY, water, ., etoki.
LiMB, //.. elama.
lame, //.. etengu.
LIMBLESS, vii/., lemele.
LIME, //.. eyengo.
(fruit), A-., mala.
LIMIT, //., bosuku, ndelo.
LIMITATION, nph., boketi ndelo.
LIMITED, dph., na ndelo, na bosuku.
in knowledge, ind., milebaleba.

LIMP-LOATHE

( 384 )

LIMP, ind., biokoso.

fellow, ., mokbu ; (in anger)
engonzi.
LINE, ., montili.
(clothes), vt., banza.
continuous, in, ///'/.. tumbelele.
(cord), .-/.. mokulii, mosinga.
crooked, nph., montili mb mabunu.
curved, nph. , montili mo ybko.
straight, nph., montili mo sembo.
of people arranged, n. , cicala.
of people or things, . , molbngo,
(monga ; //., mionga).
(of planted trees), ., moango
(moyango).
(of planted trees, straight, .,
molblb.
of sparks from anvil, i/., losengi.
of people one behind the other
a.. elongo.
put, '/., longia (o molongo);
. . . , longama ; init. , longa.
LINEAMENT, . , elembo.
LINC.ER, vin., bika.
LIMJUIST, nph., momenc lokbta.
LINIMENT, n. , mosingo.
LlNK, ,/. . lilondb; . . cuca.
LINSEED meal, ., emboto.
LINTEL, nph., ebeka e likolb.
Liox, //. , nkosi.
Li P, //. . lobebu.
Ll'iUEFV, vs., nyangana; vc. ,
nyanginya, nyangisa.
LIQUIDITY, ., bomai.
LIQUOR, ., bomai.
amnii, -'.. bominya.
. LIST (of canoes), vs., mongatana.
LISTEN, intj., baybka !v/., ybketela.
carefully, vph., ybka ti.
LISTLESS, vph., senga litimi.
walking, ind. , lebese.
LIT, vs., bambwa.
LITERAL, //... se co, zambi na
zambi.
LITERARY matter, nph., zambi li
minkana.
LITERATURE, .//., minkana.

LITHE, vs., yaibana; ind., yaiyai.

LITIGATE, -'/'-'/.. banza mbanzo.
LITTER (for carrying), i/., mobbngolokb.
(bed), ., bisbbe.
of creatures, //., libbta.
(muddle), //.. mobulungano ;
. ' ,, bulungana; vc. , bulunginya.
about, . ' .. punzanzala; ind.,
punzunzu.
LITTLE, adj., -ke; coh]., mbale.
a little longer, nph. , mwa elokb
bisa.
fellow, //. , tankwayindo / .
opened up from intended folded
position, . - .. pasasala.
too, ind., ngbe-ngbe.
LIVE, vin., zala.
alone, . ' . , lombbmbala ; ind. ,
lombbmbb.
"by (make a living by), vs. , koswa (na).
in peace, vs., bembana.
stock, iip/., bibwa.
LIVELIHOOD, . , bikatcla.
LIVELY, vin. , kbta.
LIVER, ., libalela (libale).
LIVING, dph., na bbmoi.
person, nph., momene bbmoi.
on other person's means, ., lokoto.
LIZARD, //., moncesele. Various
kinds of, ., ekbkele, ekoki,
ngbtaka, engbtaka.
monitor, n. , lobambe.
Lo, ///.-'.. bakeka!
LOAD, vs. , lemisa ; ..'.. zumba
[p!., mumba].
(a breech-loading gun), i'/., tele.
(a flint-lock), vt., kinza.
LOADED (of breech-loader), vp.. telibwa.
(of flint-lock), vp., kinzibwa.
LOAF, ., . engbele.
LOAFER, ., molala.
character of, . , molalb.
LOAN, //.. mbeka.
advance, vc., bckisa.
LOATHE, r/., banga.

LOATHING-LOOK

(3SS )
LOATHING, feel, vs., sbkubana,
sokuma ; ind. , sbku-sbku ;
/'///., sobila; ind., sobi-sobi.
LOBE (of car), . , mpasa.
LOCAL, render by means of phrase,
mandolo b ; al Lukolela there
was a local outbreak of small
pox, ekiteli bakoto mandeld b Lokolele.
LOCATE, np//., kulela nongo, tika
b nongo.
LOCK and key, . , ncabi (some
give ncete) ; lock alone, nph. ,
ny.-ingb e ncabi ; key alone,
,//'//. , mwana d ncabi.
LOCKER, ., nkobe.

[banga.

LOCKJAW, nph., boyekwi bb miLOCOMOTION, ., botambbli.

LOCUST, i/., ekangambasi.

LODGE, '/'///.. kula otiiti.

LODGING, n. , etuti, etutumela.

LOFTINESS, ., mokbngb.
LOG, //., mobonda, empiningi,
empunungu.

LOIN, i/., ebolo.

LOITER, vs., lingalinga.
LOLL, vs., yekeme [ind., yoke],
yendeme [ind., yencle].
LONELINESS, ., bompenza; colq.
nph. , munya nkongongb.
LONELY, v/>h., ybka munya nko
ngongo.
LONG, ,"..-. , wbngbngala ; ind. , wongolo, biombombo, sambo ;
adj., -sancla.
a)jo, in<l, kala-kala, belc, beleka, peke-peke ; adj. , -kali,
-kala.

all day long, a///.,.mwese-mwe. .se busa pwi. . .

all night long, aph., mokolomokolo busa bwe.
and slender, ind., zbngu-zongu.
and thin (of legs), vs., nangangala.
as long as you do, ph. , e kobika
yo nokeia..
be (tarry), vin., bika; ind., ki.
become, <-///., sanda.
before long, vs., beleme; ind.,
bele..
.

LONG (continued).
(desire), vin., lenga.
(of dive), vin., t/ikii.
(of ears), ind., pbkbkb.
how long ? nph. , elembe nde ?
be not, neg. ph. , d bika ka.
not long (time), /ip//., mwa ele
mbe.
(of clothes), ind., zebu-zebu.
(of stitches), ind., poloko-poloko.
(of neck), vs. , lengangala ; ind. ,
lengenge, lengengenge.
piece, cut off, vph. , kete sambo.
range (of weapons), . , lilongia.
(rolls of bread), ind., biombolo,
pbkblo.
stretch of water, nph., etabala
e lileka.

[nkb.

time, ///'//.. mianga-nkb-mpelaway from finishing, neg. ph., 6

sila zblb ka.

-measure, //.. loteno, lomeko.

-suffering, nph., mpiko b bwale.
LONGER, no, ph., bisa te, bisa ka.
LONGEVITY, ., lobiko.
LONGING, ., enoni, mpbsa.
LONG-LEGGED, ind. , kwanganya.
LOOK, vt., keka; vph., bwaka
miso ; /,-. , ekeki.
about, i'/'//.. tambwisa miso.
after, vt. , kengele, batela.
angry towards, vt., lukbla.
aside while speaking, ind., makebikebi.
askance, vph., nyalbla nkiki,
nanbla nkiki, langbla nkiki.
at, vt., keka. menga.
at each other, v.-.. kekana.
behind, vph., .bwaka miso b

mbisa.
blank, vph. , keka yungo.
contemptuously, vph., keka bonuyaka.
down on ground, vph., sbkia
miso.

expectantly, vin., lenga.

fiercely, angrily, vph. , keka elokokoli.
fixedly, t'l'h.. keka ti, cb, zu or
bolamii.
' .. ."' /bolamu.
C C

LOOK-LOUD

( 386 )

LOOK (continued).
for (search), vt. , tombo.
for (smell about, as dog), vt. , lnmbetela (yumbetela).
for what is left (glean), vt. , tobila ; ind. , tobi-tobi.
forward to, vt., likia.
from the corner of eyes, vph.,
kengele na nipasa li miso.
(into), vs., peleme (b).
like, vt., yula; i '/-//., bonono
etc nde.
longingly at, vph., kcka na
mpbsa, kcka ti, cb, zu or bolamu.
nice, i'/., tana.
on, vt., tala.
out, intj. , babo !
(watch), ,-///., bwakinya.
out (search for), vt. , tombo.
(peep), 'v/.. kengele (kenge) ;
vs., peleme.
round about, vph., tambwisa
miso zbngb.
round (glance), vph., bwaka
nzebi.
(shading the eyes), rph., yekia
likanza b miso.
(slare), vph., ngangbla miso.
through (telescope), vph., keka
na.
up, ,-/>/-.. kalbla miso b likolb.
up a thing (try to find it), vt. ,
tombo (saka, yenga).
well at, /'/'//.. sosolo cb (cbcolo).
LOOKING glass, ., talatala 3.
. on, n., ntali.
towards, ind., ncbaga.
LOOM, n., ebala.
shuttle of, n., lisblbkb.
up, vs., tambambala; ///./.,
tambamba.
Loor, //.. zombb, lilombb.
of native door, n. , ekokila.
LOOSE, vt., pusbla, kangbla /s..
puswa; in-i.. nyau.
(of rods in bundle), vs., nganyabana ; ind. , nganya-nganya.
(of tooth), -'... nengene.
(of parcel), //.'-/., nycjigolo ; as.,
aycngana.
. -. . . .

LOOSE (continued).

(wild, dissolute person), ., ewblb.

LOOSELY, hold, vap. , yangingela.

LOOSEN, vt., tungbla (pinion)
vc., nyengisa.
LOOT, vt. , punza.
LOP, vt., catbla, cetolo.
off, ",v. , kulbla.
LOQUACIOUS, vph., sokbtana na
bolobi.
LORD, n., mokonzi, nkblb.
over, vt., nangbla.
LOSE, /-/.. limba; iv. . limbisa.
heart, vph. , tika ngbu.
in war, vph., wa libomi.
money in gambling, vph., bola
mosblb.
one's balance. vs. , mungatana
(bungatana).
one's senses, vph., kabwa lingai, bele boswa.
(suffer loss), vph., wa libomi.
taste for anything, use zu in a
negative sentence thus, I have
no taste for sugar now, ngai
minkokb b munya na zu
te.
Loss, ., libomi.
be at a, vs., simbama.
suffer, vph., wa libomi.
LOST, vs., limbana.
be in one place, and sought for
in another, vs. , lembatana.
completely, ind. , pi.
hopelessly, vph., limbana pi,
sinana nye, 1inda biabu.
to sight, :.'///. , linda.
LOT (by means of which a thing,
etc., is selected), n., esenzako.
(group), n., etuluku, libula.
(quantity), n., moiko (moyiko).
selected by, vph., Icundwa esenzako.
LOTION, ///'/.. mai ma mono.
LOTS, cast or draw, vph., mekisa
bisenzako.
LOUD (beating of wooden drums),
ind., ngulu-ngulu.
(of ringing), ind. , ngab.

LOUDNESS-MADNESS
LouDNESsin evil speaking or deny
ing, //. , mokalabano ; vs. , kaLOUSE, ., losisa, mbwa.
LOVE, ., bolingo; v/., linga.
LOVELINESS, n., zeni, botani,
motano.
LOVELY, vin., tana.
Low, , '-., sokomc ; ind., sbke.
excessively (of water at the season
of low water), vin., bbma.
spirit-^, in, vph., ybka nzbto na
mollmo te.
wooded ground, n. , loasa (lowasa) ; //. , ndwasa.
water season, ., eseu.
water season, medium, ., nzobolo.
LOWE K , r/. , sbkia [sbkeme, sbkc ] ;
;. . , sundisa (sunisa) ; '!. , <
yakbla.
(price), i'/., kakbla.
!
LOWLY, vs. , sbkeme, ind., soke.
'
LOYAL to, vap. , bakela.
LUBRICATE (smear), vt., lelolo,
i
namisa.
LUCID, vs., sembwa ; ind. , polele.
LUCIFER match, nph., mondenge
mb eseno.
LUCK, bad, . , llindi (liyindi).
good in fishing, //. , ncaso.
LUCKY fisherman, ///., momene
noaso.
LUDICROUS, <////., na boseso.

LUMP (continued).
of uncooked flour, //., mobota.
take a, vt., buka.
small, ., lopumbu.
LUMPY, vs., bengetana, bokotono ; ind. , bengete, bokbto.
LUNACY, ., boswa, lingai.
LUNATIC, nph., mome lingai, mome boswa.
LUNCHEON, ., montomb.
LUNG, n., zuiuld, llululu.
LURCH (of canoe), vs., mongana.
LURCHING (of canoe), ., mombngo.
LURE, vt., lombisa (kombisa).
in- . - dirHcultirs, vc. , pelisa.
LURK, vph., kunda nz'ito.
Luscious, vs., cekubana; ind.,
ceku-ceku.
LUST (desire), ., nipbsa.
(sexual), H., bongbndb.
LUSTRE, ., ncengi.
LUSTY, vs., lblwangana.
LUXURIANCE, ., zeni.
LUXURIATE, define more closely
with ve'bs to eat or wear, as
le, or swa bilokb bi motuya.
LUXURY, nph., elokb e motuya,
elokb e mosblb, elokb e bompala ; //. , bompala.
LYING-IN-ROOM, ., ekumbu.

LUDICROUSNESS, ., boSCSo.

LUG, vt., be'nda.

< MACERATE, vc., lotisa.
LUGGAGE, n.pl., mumba.
MACHINE, n.pl., makina 8.
cutting, nph. , makina ma kete.
LUKEWARM, make, vt., lekolo,
drilling, nph., makina ma tuba.
lelolo.
punching, ///., makina ma pLULL, /-/., bongo, lombo.
child to sleep, //'//., bongisa
mbisa.
I
sewing, nph., makina ma tonga.
mwana.
<
MACINTOSH
coat, nph., elamba e
LULLABY, ///>/-., loyembo lo bolengisi.
mbula.
i MAD, vph. , kabwa or bele boswa.
LUMBAR region, ., mokundu.
; MADAM, ., tbmo i.
LUMINARY, ., ocengl.
1 MADDEN, vph., belisa boswa.
LUMINOUS, dph., na ncengi.
LUMP, //., ebuki, ebbkbto, ebukabwisa lingai.
kutu, libbnda, libota, mobo- 1 MADMAN, nph., mome boswa,
T
mome lingai.
nda.
MADNESS, ., boswa, lingai.
in liquid food, i/., ekele.

MAGGOT-MAKE

( 388 )

MAGGOT, ., lokisb, lokusu.

hairy, from palm tree, n., lopose.
MAGIC, n., ndemo, ndemwa.
MAGICIAN, ., molemwisi.
MAGISTRATE, ., motendeii.
MAGNANIMOUS, ind. , be ; dph. , na
bobbto be; vph., kela molika nguya.
[mbo.
MAGNIFICENCE, n.pl., mankeMAGNIFV, vt., bibbla, katisa.
(praise), vt., sanzbla.
MAGNITUDE, ., bone.
MAIDEN (girl), ,, mangondo.
(spinster), ., ndenga.
MAIDENHOOD, n., bondenga.
MAIM, vc., lemisa.
MAINLAND, /////., nce 6 mbbka.
MAINTAIN, vc., bikisa, bakisa;
vt. , baka, kengele, batela.
MAINTENANCE, ., bobateli.
(means of obtaining food, ., bikatela.
MAIZE, cob of, . , llsangu, mokombolokb.

blas/ i-d, nph. , lisangu ll epbpe.

green and soft, nph., lisangu ll
monyeke.
hard, full ripe, nph., lisangu li
nkbnzo.

pudding, ., momputa.
MAJESTY, nph., bompbmba bb
mankembo.
MAJORITY, nph. , motuya ka.
(age), n.. botaki.
MAKE,t'/., yanga, kela, lengele
(longele) ; i v. , zalisa.
a bed, ////. , tanda etuti. .
(a charm), vt., toko.
a disturbance, vt., kuya, sukbla.
a fire, v/'h.. takinya meya, ka
tisa meya, bonga meya, bambbla meya, lengele meya,
kela meya.
a hole, .-/. , tuba; i '. . , nyenginya.
a living (by), vs., kbswa (na).
a way (through), , .. pbmbana;
vc., pbmbisa.
against, vph., tome esbngb na.
amends (for), w/.,yuta.
amends (palaver), sv., solclsa.

MAKE (continued).
(appoint to office), vt., labbla,
bila.
as if, vph. , kela etc ndc'.
[ni.
ashamed, vph., sulwisa na nooaware of, vc. , yebisa.
badly, vph., kela pusuku.
(basket, cloth), vt., tbnga.
-believe, vt., lembbla; ., bombala.
cause to do, use the causative
form of the verb.
cheap, vph. , sundisa motuya._
clear (meaning), vc. , pblisa, pimisa.
clear water, vph., kengisa mai
kengelele.
comfortable, vc., kumisa.
(compose), vt. , tuba.
dear, vph., katisa motuya.
dirty, vc. , yindisa.
for (rush at), vph., bila swe.
excuses, vph., ta mikalo or biyako.
fine, vc., kembisa.
(form), vt. , yoma, yema.
friendship, vph., koma bondeko, kete bondeko.
good something which has been
spoiled, vc. , komisa.
grey, vt., kunzbla.
haste, ,-///.. kela lobangu.
ill, vc., konisa.
known (spread news), vc. , tambwisa, yebioya, ybkinya.
cakinya.
light, vt. , kina, menbla ; /-..
polwa.
. ..
like, equal, ?',-.. kibisa, kokisa.
love to, 7;-. , lombisa (kdmbisa ),
merry, vt., bioko.
much of, vt. , sanzola.
noise, vt., kukbla; vph., kukbla lokuku ko.
noise (roar), vs. , lblwa.
of (understand), vc., sekisa.
off with a box, etc., and all the
contents as well, vt., ke'tolo.
oneself out to be, vt. , lembbla.
out (recognise), vt., sosolo (co-

coIo). ...

. - . - -

( 389 )
MAKE (continued).
peace, vph., lengele nyile.
proper, nice, vs., komisa.
string, vt., yoso.
sureuf, i'<'., kendlsa.
raised foundation, vt. , bbka.
up, vt., lengele; 7'/'//.. bbta
zambi.
up one's mind, vph., silisa za
mbi, kete zambi.
up (io correct number), vc. , kokisa.
war, i'///. , mana.
water, ///., neke minya.
way (allow to pass), vph. , pe
nzela.
(weave), .-'/ , bete, tbnga.
weight, vc., kokinya.
MAKER, ., mokeli.
MAKESHIFT, ., ekelakela.
MALADY, . , bwale, bokono.
MALE, n., bwele 7 (mpele i), //.,
bampele i (bele).
incapable of sexual intercourse,
., montembe IT.
-kind, i1., bobampele.
MALEFACTION, ., ekuna.
MALEFACTOR, />//., mome ekuna.
MALFORMATION, ., liyese.
MALICE, ., ekuna.
MALICIOUSLY regard, vap., kunela, yune'la ; .-/'//. , yokela
ekuna.
MALICIOUSNESS, ., ekuna.
MALIGN, ,-/'//.. katela nkwako,
vt., kbtomba.
MALIGNANT, vin., kbta; adj. ,
-be ; i ','/l: , kunela, yunela.
MALLEABLE, vph., komo bopasasall ; ///,/. , mblu.
MALLEATE, vt., tutuba.
MALLET, . , mpundu.
MALTREAT, vt., kosa, tuka, nyokolo.
MAMMA, //., mama i.
MAMMON, //., bienda (biyenda).
MAN (word of address), ., ta i.
(human being), ., mdto [*/.,
bato].
(male), ., bwelc 7 (mpele i) ;
//., bampele i (bele).

MAKE-MANY

MAN (continued).
old, ///.. ekokotb e bwele.
who owns anything, //. . momeiic
(momeni), mome; no adj.
particle is requiied before a
noun which would regularly
follow momene in adj. clause.
young, //., nkwaindo Inkwayindo).
MANACLE, ., likosi.
MANAGE, /-- . , sekisa, salisa, bakisa; ,-/., lengele (longele).
MANAGER, ., mosekisi, molengeli, mobakisi, mosalisi.
of secret rites, nph., nganga e
eswaka ; 1st rank, /////..
nganga e bosango ; 2nd rank,
nph., nganga e bokongo.
MANDATE, ., mobeko.
MANDOLIN, ., longombi.
MANDRIL, ., mandulila(Eng.),S.
MANE, ///., monkanza mo nkingo, bokaka bo nkingo.
MANGER, nph., eyalo e boli.
MANGLE, vt., kaya (kanya) ; vc.,
cceinginya ; ind. , coco,
MANGO, //., lingolo.
MANHOOD, ., botaki.
young, ///., nani busa b mutu.
MANIA, shrieking, ., mpo.
MANIFEST, vs., bonono, yebana.
MANIFOLD, adj., -yike.
MANIOC, see CASSAVA.
MANIPULATE, vt., sala.
MANIS (scaly anteater), ., nkambnyo.
MANKIND, //.. bobampele.
MANNER, n., lltanda.
after this, ind. , be.
MANSION, ., lipana.
MANSLAUGHTER, nph., liyese ll
bobomi moto.
MANTIS, ., mosebi.
MANILE, n., llmputa.
MANUFACTORY, ., makelela.
MANUFACTURE, vt., kela.
MANURE, ., nyei (batubi 3) ;
i'/'h. , yukela nyei.
MANY, ind., be, bbka, (in neg.
sent. ) bull ; adj. , -yike.
in a canoe, ind. , bombololb.

MANY-MASTER
MANY (continued).
in residence, ind., koka-koka.
of jokes, ind., pie-pie.
so, ///., -yike be.
things into canoe, put too, vt.,
lbngo.
times, nph., ndembe nzike, but
generally better expressed by the
derivative of counted action.
together (of eggs), ind., molumolu.
MAP, nph., moango mo lese/.
MAR, iv. , bindinginya ; vs., bindingana.
MARAUD, vt., punza.
MARCH, vin., tambbla.
in funeral procession, vpl/., lekisa or tambwisa mompandi.
MARE, nph., mbalu e mwene.
MARGIN, //., nkako (lokako<.
MARIMBA, . , esanzi.
MARITAL matter, nph., zambi li
mobali.
MARK, ., lltbna, elembo. lintoni,
lintolinga.
make, '.-///. , ta lintolinga, etc.
body with stripes of colour before
first meal of the day, vph., sakbla ncakb.
of foot on land, i/., litambe.
' (figure), ., elembo.
of thing dragged, ., mobembi.
(scar), //., esiya.
tribal (cicatrix), make, vt., koma; //., lokoma.
(cicatrices) various kinds of/ (hori
zontal) mondende, (vertical)
ekwende,(temples) mpakatoi,
(chin) ebeku, (breast bone)
ngolblb, (buttocks) ekbmbo,
(abdomen) linene, (small one
on abdomen) liyolo, (breast)
ntblo, (between eyes) losbndo.
MARKED with cicatrices severely,
n. , nkalinginya ; ,-. . , kalinginya.
MARKET, ., liboko.
MARKSMAN, ., moti 2.
MARL, ., eyengo.
>FARRED, vs., bindingana; ind.,
bindi-bindi.

39o )
MARRIAGE, ., libala.
styles of, n., bolonga, bosamba,
lolanga lb libala, see these
words in Bob.-Eng. sec/ion.
when the son of a person marries
the daughter of a friend in the
same village, the young man is
said to sbmba ebelb.
assist (usually said of master or
father going to son's marriage),
.;'l'., balela.
ceremony, conduct, zv. , balisa.
give daughter in marriage, rv. ,
balisa.
MARRIAGEABLE, vph., komo bobalibwi.
young woman, n., ebunani.
MARROW, n. , bongongo [//. , mongongo].
MARRY, vt., bala.
MARSH, n., linyenge.
MARTIAL matter, nph., zambi li
bomani.
MARTYR, nph., motatoli b liwa.
MARVEL, vs., semwa, kamwa.
MARVELLOUS, dpl/. , na bosemwisi.
MASCULINE, dph., na bobwele.
MASH, vt., toko, munybla.
MASHED pudding, . , libbnda.
libota, momputa.
MASK, nph., elongi e bombala.
MASON, n I'/i., mosali d mabwa.
bee, //. , likunzi.
MASS, i/., liboko.
(of loose goods), //. . mpunzako.
MASSACRE, n., nkubb.
MASSIVE, vs., ngambatana.
MAST, 11l'h.. mpiko e bilamba, llpata li bilamba.
MASTER (owner), . , momenc
(momeni), mome/ this can
be used without an adj. part.
preceding the definitive clause.
(owner of people), male, n.,
nkblb I ; female, nkblomwene.
(teacher), n., moteyi.
builder, nph., mpbmba e batongi.
MASTERLY, dph., na ntoko.

( 39' )
MASTERY (authority), . , monkandi, liese.
MASTICATE, vph., ta munya; vt.,
nyamuta.
MATS made from various kinds of
spl/nes, :/ , ekala, ekotombol6, lltbko, lokala, ekakala,
manzi 8.
MATCH, lucifer, nph., mondenge
mb eseno.
(be like), vt., yula.
MATCHES, box of, ., eseno.
MATCHET, n., biinu [//. munu],
laid.
[bwi.
MATCHLESS, vph., senga boyuliMATE, ., mwambbka, moninga
(bombaka).
MATERIAL, n., biloko.
MATERNAL, dph. , na bonyangb.
MATERNITY, ., bonyangb.
MATRIMONIAL matter, nph., zambi ll bobali.
intermediary and the business of,
//. , moambo (moyambo).
MATRIX (mould), ., libbku. [na.
MATTED (of hair), vs., bandangaMATTER (affair), n., zambi.
(fault), n.. zambi.
it does not matter, ph., enga
nde zambi te or ka.
of discussion, /////., nzbto ll
zambi.
forensic, n.. libanza, mbanzo.
what is the matter? nph., za
mbi nde 1
(pus), n.. loinya [///.. mpinya].
MATTOCK, ., pikasi.
MATTRESS, n., litbko.
MATURE, i-///.. komo, sola.
MATURITY (of a person), ., botaki.
(puberty), n., lipuka.
MAUL, vt. , pibka; ind., pio.
MAXIM, ., ekblongo.
MAXIMUM, render hy ebali and
name o/'quality, etc.
MAY is expressed by the subjunctive
mood and also emphatically by
the use oj visa, followed by verb
in purportive mood.
be, adv., soko.

M ASTERY-M BANS

MAZE, n., mokakatano, maunga

(mayunga).
ME, pron., ngai.
MEADOW, nph., ebeli e bisbbe.
MEAGRE, ind., bondu.
MEAL, . , lile ; colq. , libete.
breakfast (first meal), nph., lile
ll noako ; .-'///. , sakola nzbto.
dinner (midday meal), nph., lile
ll nzanga.
supper (evening meal), nph., lile
ll mpbkwa.
(powder), //.. mpumbu.
MEALYMOUTHKD, vs., walangana.
MEALYMOUTHEDNESS, ., llwali,
biwali.
MEAN (have in mind), construct
sentence on following model,
and nsc ntina ; do you mtan
what you say ? okoloba mambi na ntina ? wbat do you
mean by what you are doing ?
zambi ll kokela yo linga
ntina nde ?
(low of birth), vs., sokeme
ind., sbke.
(middle), ., ntei, ntantei.
(niggard), vt. , yima.
MEANDER, .-.-., lingalinga.
MEANING, ., ntina.
(value), ., ntalo.
MEANINGLESS talk, ., bilobaloba.
MEANNESS, ., loyima.
MEANS (abilily), ., ntokb.
by means of, pph., na (nguya e)
or simply na. Native speech
would more often render such
sentences as the following by
transposing subject and indireet
object / I can do the work by
means of my servant would
more lihely be rendered as my
servant can do the work for
me, mosali d ngai akoyisa
nonkelela llsala. By means
of a mirror I can see my face
would become a mirror shows
me my face, talatala ckombonisa elongi.

MEANS-MERCI

( 392 )

MEANS (continued).
by all means, aph., se nyomeni.
of deluding, vs., yeyelibana ;
iiid., yeii-yeli.
of obtaining, nph., nongo e kula, nguya 6 kula.
(tools), n.pl. , biloko.
used to free person from punish
ment, ., mokambb.
MEANWHILE, aph., na elembe
enya.
MEASURE, vt., meka, yengia.
of charge of powder for gun, .,
ecwe.
of length, n., lomeko, loteno.
of weight or capacity, ., emeko.
quantity added over, . , loco.
whether alike, vt. , yenze, yenge.
MEAT, n. , ebwele.
cake, ., libbnda, libota.
hard dried, n., moyoyb.
MECHANIC, nph., mosali d ma-

MEDDLESOME, vs., yangubana.

MEDICINE, ., mond.
doctor of, /'//., nganga e mind.
MEDIATE, vt., bondo ; vap., bondele.
(separate), 'vt.. kakbla.
MEDIATOR, //., mokakoli.
MEDITATIVE, vs., ngondondolo.
MEDIUM, //., lolenge, lokbla, lolimo.
(a thing used), ., eloko.
(middle), dph., na ntci.
MEEK, vs., komomolo.
person, //. . mom polo.
MEEKNESS, //.. bompolo.
.MEET, vs., bambana, ngondwa,
takana, kumana, bongwa.
(by canoe), r./. , yamba.
not (miss), vs., yesene (wesene).
unexpectedly, vs., bomwa.
visitor on the way, vt. , yengbla.
MEETING of rivers or roads, n.pl.,
matakana 8.
room, i/l'h.. ndako e lingbmba.
MELANCHOLY, vs., komomolo.
MELLOW, vin. , loto.

MELODIOUS, vs., cekubana; ind.,

ceku-ceku.
MELODY, n., molenga.
MELT, vt., aondbla, senzbla;
vc., nyangiiiya, nyangisa ;
-'.r., nyangana.
MEMBER (part), n., etomba.
(of society), n., mosi. No adj.
part. is required to follow this
word.
of secret society in Mpama, nph. ,
nganga e lisanga.
MEMBRANE, nph., eteke e lelileli.
MEMBRANES of womb, ., lbtd,
(lindbmba, ndbmba).
MEMBRANOUS covering of wasp's
nest, ., loto.
MEMORABLE matter, nph., zambi
ll kanisa or yindola.
MEMORY, ., boyindbli.
MENACE, vt., kana.
MEND., vt., bamba.
(amend), vs., kbswa.
(fire), vt., coma.
MENDICANT, . , mobbndeli.
MENIAL, vs., sbkeme; ind., sbke.
MENSES, nph., malbngb ma ncbnge.
MENSTRUAL period, ., ncbnge.
MENSTRUATE, vph., leka ncbnge,
more modestly referred to by
vph. , bono likolb.
MENSTRUATION, forecast time of,
,'///., beka ncbnge.
profuse, n. , mobuku.
[nga.
scanty or suppressed, ., monkosuppressed, //.. botuba-ntangi.
MENTAL matter, nph., zambi ll
mutu.
MENTION, vt., sakbla.
a fetish by its sobriquet, vt. ,
seka.
a person's sobriquets, vt., sanzbla ; vph. , ta mankbmbb.
a proverb, vph. , tuta ekblbngb.
MERCHANDISE, n.pl., mboko.
MERCHANT, nph., moluki d mombbngo.
MERCIFUL, .-//,... kola molika.
as another is, vph., yula ngblu.

MERCI-MINCER

( 393 )
MERCILESS, vph., senga molika.
MERCY, ., niolika.
MERE talk , nph. , munya motongb.
MERELY, ind., botb; adv., se.
MERIT, ., bokomi.
MERRY, vin., langa, bioko; vs.,
langubana ; ind. , langulangu.
MERRIMENT, .//., bilango; .,
bozeki.
MESH, ., llsd.
MESS, state more fully, as mud,
rubbish, dirt.
of anything, make, vc. , bulunginya.
MESSAGE, n. , munya, ekima.
MESSENGER, .. ntbma 5 (ntbmwa).
MESSIAH, ., Masiya, see also
CHRIST.
MET, vs., kumana, ngbndwa,
takana ; ind. , ngbe.
METAL, . , metala 3.
white, n. , linzanza.
METAPHOR, n., losinginya.
METE, see MEASURE.
METEOR, nph., moto mo bobilwaka.
METHOD, .,moango(moyango),
litanda.
METRIC system ; the following
transliterations are proposed /
metre, meta 3.
are, ale 3.
litre, lita 9 ; ///. . mita.
stere, setele 3.
gramme, gulama 3.
with the following decimal trefixes /
milli-, mili- 3.
centi-, senti- 3.
deci-, desi- 3.
deca-, deka- 3.
hecto-, ekdto- 3.
kilo-, kilo- 3.
myria-, milia 3.
cubic-centimetre, nph., sentimeta 6 kube.
square-metre, nph., meta e nkenge linei.
METTLE, n., bosako.

MID- AFTERNOON, nph., busa b

lltoi.

MIDDAY, ., monzanga, nzanga.

MIDDLE, n. , nte'i, ntante'i.
MIDDLE-MAN, n., elombe.
MID-MORNING, ., monkanga.
MIDNIGHT, ., ekb ; colq., bioke.
MIDRIB of palm frond, n. , lobanzi,
mokekele.
of palm frond, thick, n. , mobungu.
of plantain leaf, ., moboboli,
monkombolb, mokbmbolokb.

MIDRIFF, nph., mpasa e moloko.

MIDST, . , ntantei, nte'i.
MIDWAY, aph., b nte'i, b ntante'i.
MIDWIFE, ., mobotisi ; vc., bb-

tisa.
MIDWIFERY, ., bobbtisi.
MIGHT, rendered by the subjunctive
past, or emphatically by the in
dicative past <yyisa.
(strength), n. , nguya.
MIGHTY man, n. , enganzi.
MIGRATE (from), vs., kumwa (b).
MILD, vin., ko.
MILDEW, n.pl., bibubela; n.,
lobobe; vin., buba, boba.
MILITARY matter, nph., zambi ll
bomani.
MILITATE, vph., tome esbngb.
MILK, nph., mai ma mabele ;
vph., pioto mabele.
MILKY way (constellation), nph.,
nzela e mpela na mwanga.
MILL, n., enyibwela.
MILLIGRAMME, see METRIC sys
tem.
MILULITRE, see METRIC system.
MILLIMETRE, J^_METRIC system.
MILLION, n., epuna.
MILLIONTH, see ORDINAL numbers.
MILLIPEDE, ., ngongbli.
long, molalb.
black, nph. , ngongbll e nzombi;
., momeya.
MIMIC, vt., sbkolo.
MIMOSA, n., likelckcse.
MINCE, vt., cece; ind., ce-ce.
MINCER, ., ceecinginyi.

MIND-MIXTURE

( 394 )

MIND, ., molimo, mutu.

change one's, vt/h., yenza moloko.
come to, -."///., yindbla noyeba.
never mind ! nph., zambi te !
never, vt. , kina.
(obey), vt., tosa.
(shepherd), vt., kengele.
(take care of), vt. , bate'la.
(think about), ve., simwinya.
MINDFUL, vt., yindbla (yinzbla).
MINE, /'//.. molombb b nce e
longa.
MINGLE, vt., cobinya.
MINIFY, vt. , sbkia ; vs. , sokeme ;
ind., soke.
MINIMIZE, see MINIFY.
MINIMUM, use ebali with suitable
name ofquality, etc.,followed by
-ke.
MINISTER, vt., siinga; n., mosungi.
MINISTRY, ., bosungi.
MINUTE (small), adi. , -ke.
(of time), ., mimti 3.
-hand of clock, etc., nph., esisi
e baminiti.
MIRACLE, nph., zambi ll mpapo,
zambi ll kamwa.
MIRE, ., libele.
MIRROR, //., talatala 3.
MIRTH, ., bozeki.
MIRY, ind., belele.
MISBEHAVE, vph., kakitinya ezalela, kela mambi sanu.
MISCALCULATE, vph., yesinya bosekisi.
MISCARRIAGE, n. , boybswi.
cause, vt., yosbla, kwakola.
MISCHIEF (play), ., bonzbli, mozobo.
(wickedness}, n. , bobe.
MISCONCEIVE, vph., yesene b bokanisi bo.
MISCONDUCT, nph., ezalela e liyese.

MISCREANT, ., mokinoli.
MISDEED, . , liyese; nph., z.unbi
likosenga bosuku.
MISDEMEANOUR, see MiscciNDfcr.
MISERLINESS, ., lokoto.

MISFIT, ,'l'h.. senga bokomi.

MISFORTUNE, n., libomi.
MISGIVING, ., mwele, lobali.
ekani ; ;'///. , ybka ekani,
yisa mwele.

MISGOVERN, vc., sumbisa.

MISGUIDE, -'/., pengolo, yengolo,
pengia [pengeme, pingej.
MISHAP, ., liyese (liwese).
MISINFORM, vc. , kakitinya ; vph. ,
sakbla sanu.
MISINTERPRET, vph., yesene b
bozengbli.

MISLAY, vph., bbmba kwb.

MISPRONOUNCE, vph., kengia bolobi, loba kakatanu.
MISREPRESENT, vph., kengia ma
mbi.
MISRULE, i///.. sumbisa b bokbngi.
Miss (aim of gun), vph., ta su or
masu.
an absent friend, /-/., sima.
fire (of gun), vph., wa nkala.
(lose), vc., limbisa; ',-.-'.. limbana.
(not meet), vs., yesene (wesene).
MISSHAPEN, vs., benzengana ;
/</.. benzenge.
MISSION, //.. bontbma.
MISSIONARY, nph., mondele mb
Nyambe.

MIST, n. , mpombi.
MISTAKE, vs., kutwa.
MISTRESS, -/.. nkblb-mwene i.
MISTRUST, nph., boyambi bo
liyese.
MlSUNDERSTANDING, I'.v., kaka-

tana.
MISUSE, vph., kela sanu.
MITIGATE, ve., koisa.
Mix up, vt., cobo ; vc., cobinya.
up in throwing up counters in
lobesi ; ,-/.. cole.
MIXED together, vs., cobono, cbbongono.
with water (of wine or beer), vs.,
tebwa.
MIXTURE, ., nobbi ; definefurther
and use cbbono in adj. <'/. , or

( 395 )
MIXTURE (continued).
as p edicate as may he found
necessary / a mixed medicine,
nph. , mono mo bocobonoko,
mono mcocobono.
MOAN, vin., kimela.
(of wind), vph., ya bii-u or pupu.
MOAT, n. , libenge, libela.
MOB, dph. , ba mie-mie.
MOCK, '/., sisbla.
MOCKER, n. , mosisoli.
MODE, n., litanda.
of death, ., llwa.
MODEL, ., litanda, lokeko.
MODERATE, vin., kengele.
MODESTY, n. , eyango.
MODIFY, vs. , koisa..
MOIST, vin., lbto, nina, bolo ; vc.,
lbtisa, ninisa, bblisa.
MOLAR tooth, see TOOTH.
MOLEST, vph., tolsa bwale.
MOLLIFY, vc., lotisa.
MOLTEN, vs. , nyangana, sontlwa.
metal, drop of, //. , lindbndb.
MOMENT, ., ndembe ; nph., mwa
ndembe' ek'eke.
MOMENTOUS, nph., na ntina ene.
MONANDRIST, ., mongill ii.
MONARCH, ., mokonzi.
MONARCHY, ., bokonzi.
MONDAY, nph., masala ma bosb.
MONEY, n., mosblo (bakonga 3).
copper, x.,engetele,monzanga ;
this is not now in use, hut the
money consisted of small ingots
of copper about 3 in. long and
bent at the ends, and were
probably procured from the
Lower Congo.
(brass rod), ., longele. This is
at present the currency, and the
rod varies in length in different
districts ; at present they vary
in the Bobangi area from 10
to 12 inches.
European, n., palata 3.
due to a person, //. . mombale.
laid down in playing lobesi; .,
ndongo.
MONGREL, ., ecobo.

MIXTURE-MORE

MONITOR (teacher), ., motangisi.

(warner), n., monuetinyi.
MONKEY, //.. nkema.
various kinds of, n. , bolongo,
kilekeke 3, libuka, mbeka
(bokingi), mosila, esumbu.
MONOGAMY, monogamist, n., mo
ngill ii.
MONOPOLIZE, vt., kanga.
MONOPOLY, ., bokangi.
MONOTONOUS, vt., yukutana
ind. , yuku-yuku.
MONSTER (large), adi., -ne.
(bad), adj., -be.
MONTH, ., eyeli, ncbnge.
MONUMENT, n., liyebisa.
MOON, n., eyeli, nconge.
full, ///. , eyeli eka ebuki, mayetela ma eyeli ebuki.
ist or last day of, nph., eyeli
mosei moko.
2nd day or last but one of, nph. ,
eyeli misei mibale.
3rd day or last but two of, nph.,
eyeli misei misato.
period of new, nph., matela ma
eyeli.
2nd quarter, nph. , eyeli b mutu.
full, nph., eyeli e likenga.
4th quarter, nph., mawela ma
eyeli.
time of new, nph., motako mb
eyeli.
MOOR (a vessel), vt., kanga; vc.,
simbisa.
MOORING, n., esimbisela.
MOPE, vs., kblololo; ind., kblolo,
kolblu.
MORAL, vs., sembwa; dph., na
miketo mi boyengebeni.
MORALITY, nph., bizalela bi sembo ; miketo mi boyenge
beni ; . . bosembwi.
MORBID, use bokono in adj. cl.
MORE, adv , bis a.
(in sentences denoting possession),
ind., ka.
it is more than, e'nga ka na.
than, vph., pita ka na.
than ought to be (too much), ind.,
bute.

MORE-MOVE

( 396)

MOTION, i/., botambbli.

rapid. ., molunza.
set in rolling, vt., kalimbla,
kellmbla, kilimbla.
to proceed in any given direction,
give, vc., susinya.
hard, ., eyenga.
MOTIONLESS, vs., zengengala ;
ind., zengele.
MOTIVE, ., mpbsa.
bisa.
MORNING about 3 o'clock, nph., - MOULD, ., libbku.
from damp, n. , lobobc.
busa bbbkbba,
(cast metal), vt. , swa.
about 4, ., ebimi.
about 5, ., milonge.
MOULDING (carpentry), nph., nkako c matanda.
about 6, nph., nzbto ll ntongo.
MOULDY, vin., boba, buba.
before 8.30, ., ntongo.
about, nph., monkanga mo MOULT, vph., kubbla eteke.
mwasi.
MOUNT, vt., bata.
about 10, nlih.. monkanga nib
a ladder, vt., nanga.
mobali.
(hill), ., nkeka.
MOUNTAIN,
., nkeka.
MOROSE, vs., mimwa.
MORROW, on the, aph., na mbisa MOURN, vt., wisa.
e ntongo, yesb b ntongo.
for, vt., lebe.
MORSEL, ., monyamu, motamu- MOURNING, //.. molebi, lilebb.
MOUSE, ., mpb.
nya, montamunya.
MOUSTACHE, n.pl., nzembe.
MORTAL, vph., yisa nowa.
MOUTH, n., munya; //., miunya
MORTAR, ., esbmba.
(minya).
large, ., eboka.
disease, kind of, n., mwenge.
maker, /////.. epa bisbmba.
of creek, ., mpimo.
(for bricklaying), //., motala
of tortoise, ., ebamu.
(Eng.).
totally devoid of teeth. nph., mu
MORTIFY, vt., boma, ngendolo.
nya monco bobungulunkuMORTISE, ., libela; vt., subia.
MOST (in sentences denoting prefer
tu.
ence), ind., ka.
MOVE, vin., nanga, tambbla, ke.
part, for the, ind., buli, kangaabout constantly during time of
speaking, vs., mwatangana.
la, bukb.
alone (glide), vin., landa; vph.,
MOSQUITO, ., lokutu (longungi).
tambbla nyelele.
[sinya.
.small kind of, n. , losbnbnb.
MOTH, /.-.. llmbbmbbli.
(approach), vs., suswa; vc., suaside, ,-:'., kengama [ind., kceaten place, ., epesoli.
nga], bulama [ind. , bule].
MOTHER, //.. mobbti, nyangb.
child's word, ., mama i.
away (take away), vt. , tangbla.
-in-law, nph., bol bb mwone.
by blowing, vap., takemela.
-in-law's family, n.pl., baboi.
fast, '.-'///., tambbla lobangu.
head and throat in dancing, vs. ,
of a family, n. , ebbtaki.
who has just recently given birth,
sbngasbnga.
.., bwalekele;.
to go in a wrong direction, vt. ,
pengolo, yengolo, pengia
with one mother, dph., na moi
moko.
[pengeme, penge] ; .-'///. , peMOTHERLINESS, ., libbta.
nge ; vs. , pingwa, yengwa.
MORE (continued).
than required, ., bopuli ; vin.,
yula.
the more . . . the more / the
more I taught him the more he
ignored me, e biki ngai nomoteya yeye mpe abiki nonkina.
MOREOVER, adv., bisa ; ph., mpe

MOVE-MUTl

( 397 )

MOVE (continued).
(loosen), vc., nyengisa, nyenginya ; vs. , nyengana ; ini/. ,
nyengele.
(of gill*), v.-., lakubana, balibana, ballma.
to and fro, 7'<., bibngana, nyengana, kblangana, cabana.
oul of harms way, vs. , selma,
tangwa; i///., yemolo nzoto, benda nzbto.
(rapklly whirling), vs., pepwa;
pepolo.
(shake), vc., oikinya.
(stir), -'t.. kuluniba.
(shift), vph., yenza nongo.
slowly, -'///., tambbla nonginbngi; 7'<., nongibana.
stealthily, vc., lombisa (kombisa) ; vph. , ke wa-wa.
(sway) up and down, vc., lembisa.
to another dwelling-place, vph. ,
ke libonga.
(vibrate), vs., cikana.
MOVEABLE, not, ind., sika.
Mow, vt. , sanga, sangbla.
MUCH, ind. , be, bbka ; adj. , -yike.
how much? kwet
(/ii negative sentences), ind. , bull.
of, make, '/'/.. sanzbla.
so much, ph., -yikc be.
too, ind., bute.
very, ind., be; ndj., nguya.
Mucus from eye, nph., mpese e
llso.
nasal, //., mokbkbtb.
on new born child, ., malolu.
MUD, /., libele.
MUDDLE, vc., bulunginya, lingitinya; vs., bulungana.
speech, vc., zobisa.
MUDDLED, vs., cobongono, lingat ana ; ///'/. , sanu.
MUDDY, vs., cobongono; ind.,
cobu-cobu.
make, vph., kebola mai.
place, ., libele.
(smeared), vs., patangana.
MUFFLE, vt., pbto.
MUG, n.fi//., nkeni 6 mbongo.

MULATTO, ., molato n.
MULE, n., mpunda.
MULTIPLICATION, ., bobulisi.
MULTIPLY, vin., bula, yuna; vc.,
bullsa.
MULTITUDE, ., londeu.
vast, ., llmpinga.
MUMBLE, vs., mulungana; ind.,
mulungu.
MUMPS, ., mbelenkete, nkekulaka.
MUNCH,P/., ybnza.
MUNIFICENCE, . , likabo.
MURDER, vt., boma; ind., bomu.
secret, n.p!., bimai, makwikwi.
MURDERED, ind., bomu.
MURDERER, np//., eboma nioto.
MURKY, adj., -yindo; ind., pitipiti.
day, n.. monkuta.
MURMUR, vs., bbkosono, lelebana, tiyabana ; -'i//. , tiya.
MURMURING against a person, .,
lokwako ; '.'l'h.. kata lokwako.
MUSCLE, ., montulu (lotulu).
part of arm, n.. mpambo.
MUSCULAR, vin., kbta ; dph., na
lingolo.
MUSE, vt., bonda; vs., ngondondolo.
MUSH, -v/V'.. masangu ma botokoko.
MUSHROOM, ., likombb, see aha
FUNGUS.
Music, n.pl., milenga.
MUSKET, ., bondbki.
MUSLIN, ., mototo.
MUST, this is rendered by the use oj
lendandala </////kelole, which
see.

MUSTARD, ., sinapi 3.
MUSTER, vs., ybngana; vc., ybnginya.
MUTABLE, vin., yenza (sobinya).
MUTE, ind., biu, ca.be ; ., bobubu.
(person), . , ebubu.
(of birds), vph., neke ncete.
MUTILATE, vc., cecinginya.
MUTILATED, vs., kelengcae.

MUTI-NAUSE

( 398 )

MUTINOUS people, .//., bayunzo- NAME (continued).

li.
-sake, //., ndoi.
MUTINY, ., boyunzbll; vt., yu- !
-sake of father, ., ndoka.
nzbla.
NAP, vs., yblma; i/id., yoi-yoi. _
(loose of cloth), //. , nkunza
MUTTER, vs. , bokosono.
MUTTON, nph., ebwele e mbata.
nkungia, nzoso.
NAPE of neck, n. , nkoti.
MUTUAL, ph., se lokbla.
MUZZLE (of beasts), . , mokokele ; NAPKIN (baby's), ., llngbanda
vph., kanga munya.
(lingwanda).
made from creeper, ., motutuof gun, /////., munya mb bota.
MY is expressed by construing ngai
ba.
in adj. el. , for rules of which
(serviette), nph. , litwaya li mu
nya.
see Grammar.
MYRIAD, . , limpinga.
NARCOTIC, /////. , mono mo ngbli.
NARRATE (a history), vt., tuta
MYSELF, ref. pro//., ngaime.
MYSTERIOUS invention, n., mpapo
(ebo).
(mosei).
; NARRATIVE, ., ebb.
MYSTERY, nph., zambi li kaka- NARROW, adj. , -ke ; ind. , kototo
tanu.
;'..-., kototolo.
escape, upf/. , liwa li su.
place of, where only the initiated
may enter,'//., eswaka, eswa- NARROWNESS, ., mpwekete.
NASAL bloodvessel, nph., ngongo
la (lombo).
e zblo.
mucus, ii., mokbkbtb.
N
NASTY, adj., -be.
NAIL (of finger), . , lonzali.
NATION, ., llbbko.
cut down close to the quick, //. , NATIVE, ., monce.
likunda.
of, ., mosi 2, this requires no
brass chair, . , lincbnco.
adi. part, before defsuitive
(for wood), . , ncete ; nph.,
clause.
ncete e boyindaka.
of Lower Congo, . , mokongo
drive, -/. .yinda; vph., ybbetela
2.
ncete.
of cataract region, //., mokd 2.
extract, vt. , ybsbla.
NATURAL (belonging to nature),
flat-headed, npl/., ncete zatadpf/. , na mombbto mb molozata.
ngo ; vph. , komo b molongo.
out in the sun (as skin), vt., tadeath, ., etuli, etnki.
nda.
thing, nph., eloko e molongo.
(from birth), vph., kuma 6 bosmall, ., llngenge.
up a box, vph. , pbto nkbbe.
bbtibwi so bbngo.
NAKEDNESS, n., bwale.
NATURE (birth), ., bobbtibwi.
NAME, ., llna. Use llna nde?
human, n. , bobato.
in ashing the name of a thing,
(world), //., molongo.
but llna na? in ashing the
(of a thing), n., mombbto.
name of a person.
,
NAUGHT, i/p'/., eloko te, eloko
after another kinsman, vs. , soka, mpamba.
mbla.
set at, vt., bingbla.
call by, v/., tanga.
NAUSEA, ., bosbkubani, bosogive, vc., tomisa; vph., pelina.
bila.
of pleasure or heroic name, ., NAUSEATE, vph., sobisa (moi) sonkbmbb 8.
bi-sobi.

( 399 )
NAUSEOUS, ind., sbku-sbku, sobi-sobi.
NAUSEOUSNESS, feel, vin., sobila;

NAUSE-NEW

NEGLIGENT, dph., na lokilo.

NEGOTIATE, vt., bengbla.
NEGRO, ., moindd (moyindo).
7/.r., sbkubana, sbkuma; /./.,
NEIGHBOUR, ., moninga (bosobi-sobi, sbku-soku.
mbaka).
NAVEL, ., montblu.
NEIGHBOURHOOD, ., ese.
part beneath, ., ntoto.
NEIGHBOURLINESS, ., boninga.
protruding, ., litbba.
NEITHER . . . nor, to express this
NAVIGABLE water, ///., mai ma
use negative with first sentence,
tambwisa mengo.
introduce second and subsequent
NAVIGATE, vph., tambwisa mesentences, which are also nega
ago.
tived, with mpe, and repeat
NAY, intj., te !
negative construction.
He
NEAR, vs., beleme(beseme) ; ind. ,
neither went himself nor al
bele-bele, kwi; vs., kubalowed me to go, aliki nde d
bala.
ke yeye momene ka, mpe
aliki nde d lingisa ngai
put, vc., belemisa (bese) ; vt.,
banza [bandema, banda].
|
nake ka.
way, ., litena.
NEPHEW, /////.. mwana d nkana
(or moyebi or molimi) d
NEARLY catch, vph., kata su.
NEAT, vs., wangangala; ind.,
bwele.
NERVE (courage), ., bonzanga,
wanganga, wangala,
nguya.
NECESSARY, adv., yengo, kbmb;
of incisor tooth, //.. lombombb
vs., lendandala.
NECESSITY, //.. molendandalo.
(lobombb).
be under, i-.<., lendandala, te- NERVOUS, dph., na bobolu.
mamala, bendendala, kelele. NEST, //., zumbu; pl., mumbu.
in grass (of fowl), ., nkata.
NECK, ., nkingo.
of driver ants, n. , ebe'li.
socket bone, /////., mokangu
of insect, ., enkbto, enkbkbto.
mb nkingo.
of white anis, ., mosemba, etuNECKLET, various kinds of, .,
ewbku, molwa.
kalaka.
NEED (lack) vt., senga, yende ; NESTLE, vph., kunda mutu.
ii. , bosenga, boyende.
NET for calching animals, ., noi(require), vt. , te'ma; //., botenga.
mi, lotemi.
seine or drag, ., boluba.
NEEDFUL, vp., sengibwa, temismall meshes, n., nceli, bosilo.
bwa.
small round fishing, ., bokwaNEEDLE, ., londongo.
kobe.
NEEDLESS, vp//., genga botemi- NETHER, aph., 6 nee soke.
bwi.
region, n., ldnga.
NEEDY, vt., senga; dph., na bo
NEUTER, aph., 6 ntei.
senga.
NEVER, nph., ndembe te; ind.,
nyo with purportive o/vnb IT
NEGATIVE. For the method oj con
structing negative clauses see
one is used.
until now, adv. , kilo; never un
Grammar.
til now have I seen it, kilo se
matter, ///'//., zambi ll botonaka.
lelo naibo.
NEGLECT, vt., kina, yila, kila, NEVERTHELESS, conf., ncande.
NEW, adj. , -temu.
ybtbla; i v. , pelwa.
of palm wine, n.l., mienge. .
to do, vt., ltniba ; vc., Ukisa.

NEWS-NOISE

( 400 )

NEWS, . , ncango, mikblb.

tell, 7 /'//., bete ncango ormikblb.
-paper, /,&., lingongo ll nca
ngo.
NEWSMONGER, nph., mobbti d
mambi.
NEXT (a(terwards), . , mbanzaka; vph., banza nzbto ; i'\.,
bandema; ind., banda.
month, nph., eyeli emoya.
next time you do I will punish
you, e kbkela yo zambi bisa
nakokokambisa.
NIBBLE, vt. , kekete, sekete ; ind. ,
kekete-kekete.
NICE, vin., to.
make, i;-.. kbmisa.
(of words), vs., cekubana ; ind.,
ccku-ceku.
outside, bad inside, ind., longulongu,
(pretty), ., zeni; vs., lengengala; vin., tana; ind., lengenge.
(smeared with camwood and oil),
///.,/., longo-longo.
NICENESS, ., botoi.
NICK, n., likeke.
NICKNAME, .,nkbmbb 8.
NICOTINE, ., bopika.
NIECE, nph., mwana d nkana (or
moyebi or molimi) d mwene.
NIGGARD, mn. , yima.
(person), //., moyimi.
NIGGARDLINESS, ., loyima.
NIGH, see NEAR.
NIGHT, ., mokolo.
by, dph., na mokolo.
divisionsof night, see DAY... . .
last, nph., mokblo mobleka.
-mare, . , mboti.
rambler, n., ebika.
work, ., monteke, nteke.
shirt or gown, nph., elamba e
tutuma.
NIGHTLY, nph., mokolo na mo
kolo.
NIMBLE, vs., yaibana; ind., yaiyai.
NiMBtSNfcSB, //., iubolougo. '

NINE, ., libwa. When a person

dies, the mourners count their
days of mourning by nines in
stead of tens as is usual on all
other occasions.
NINETEEN, nph., zomu na libwa.
NINETEENTH, see ORDINAL num
bers.
NINETIETH, see ORDINAL numbers.
NINETY, ., mobwa.
NINTH, see ORDINAL numbers.
NIP, n., empimpi; vt., nuete.
NIPPERS, ., nkbya.
NIPPLE, ., munya.
of breast or udder, nph., mpasa
e libele, munya mo libele.
of gun, nph., lilusu ll esau.
No, ind. , te ; used a/so as an inlj.
(not any), in refusing, adv. , om
with piirportive of verb if one is
used. In other sentences nyo
used similarly.
other, ph., -sisote.
time, ph., enga nde elembe te,
or in past time, e'liki nde
elembe te.
(food) to give, ph., enga nde
(boll) bb pe te.
NOBLE, dph., na ebali bolamu.
NOBLEMAN, n., nkbnwa i.
NOBODY = no person ; there is no
body, enga nde moto te, or
as in a fuller sense, there is no
body acquitted, enga nde mo
to okolonga ka.
NOCTURNAL search for a mate for
sexual intercourse, n., mosengoli, montole.
NOD, -'t.. sbngia . [sbngema, so-

nga]... ...
(of head), rp..-., songibana, songima; vph., yimba mutu.
NODE of grass, ., litongi.
NOISE, n., eyoki, lokuku, loyoko.
make, vt., yokbla, zokbla, kukbla; vph., kukbla lokuku
ko.
of voices, n.pl. , biloba.
of feet pattering or thorns crack,.ling, ., lvmgitd. .

NOISED-NUTRI

NOISED abroad, vs., oakana.

NOISY, ///., kukbla lokuku ko ;
vs., totwa.
NOMINATE, vt., solo.
NON -BEWITCH ER, ., moyengwa.
NONCONFORMITY, ., bosoki.
act of, ii. , ncoki.
NONCONTINUANCE, ., llsbba.

NONE, ind., te; nph., eloko to.

NONSENSE, //.. lopupu, boseso.
NON-SPEAKING of enemies, .,
lilanga.
NOON, />//. , busa b miitu, busa
bobteme ; ., monzanga,
nzanga.

NOOSE, n., zombb, lilombo.

NOR, see NEITHER.
NORMAL, vs., longbbana.
NORTH, see CARDINAL points.
NOSE, i/., zolo (mbld); pl., mibld.
NOT, see on the negative in the
Grammar.
at all, adv. , nyo with purportive
form of verb if one is used.
at all, in refusing, ind., ma. with
purportive form of verb.
even, ///., abke na ka.
(in indirect statements), adv. , te,
nga.
only, j'l/. , mpenza te.
yet, ph., nani te, but in replies
abbrevinted into nani.
NOTCH, vt., bonbla, pekolo; //. ,
likeke.
in end of stick, , lipako; vt. ,

bangbla, banola.
NOTE (letter), ., llngongo.
(remember), vt., yindbla (yinzbla), sosolo.
NOTHING, ., mpamba; /,/., te;
11/'l/., eloko te, eloko ka.
but (except), see EXCEPT.
for, <//// , se mpamba.
(no palaver), nph., zambi te or
ka.
there is nothing or none, e'nga
nde zambi (or eloko) te.
NOTICE, vt., bono ; ., liyebiia.
to give, iv., sikisa.

NOTIFY, vt., sakbla ; vc., yindwisa.

NOTION, n. , esimwinya.
NOTORIOUS, dph., na lumu.
NOTWITHSTANDING, conj., ncoki,
ncanclc ;/</>., ebuleke ncande.
NOUN, ., llna.
NOURISH (feed), vc., lisa (lesa,
lllsa, lelsai.
(an infant), vc. , nuangisa.
(provide for), vt., yokolo.
(strengthen), vc., kendlsa, kbtisa, komisa.
NOVEL, adj. , -teniu.

(fiction), n., ece.

NOVICE, ., mozinga.
Now, aph., sik'awa.
NSAFU, ., ncau.
blasted, nph., ncau bipbpe.
NUDE, ndj., bwale.
NUDGE, vt., kunybla; vc., yikinya, yikisa.
NUDITY, ., bobwale.
NUISANCE, n. , mokakatano, mayunga.

NULLIFY, vt., b&ma.

NUMB, vs., katatala, ngunzwa.
NUMBER, ., motuya.
(figure), //. , ebekele.
large, congregated, ind. , pwipwi.
unknown, ind., mimilimi.
NUMBERS, in great, ind., pi-pi-pi.
NUMERAL, ., ebekele.
NUMERATE, vt., beke.
NUMEROUS, ind., buluku-buluku, bululu-bululu ; vs. , nyilengene ;vin., nyala ; adj.,
-yike.
(of tiny things), vs., nybkubana; ind., nyoku-nybku.
NURSE sick person, vc., konisa ;
//., mokonisi.
a child, vt., lele; . , ndeli 5.
NUT, ., lombolo; various kinds
of, //. . lokasu, lonzokb, ngeli,
elebb, losoko.

of bolt, nj'h. , ncete o mwene.

NUTRITIOUS, dph., na bokendisi.
D D

O-OFFER

( 402 )

OBSTRUCT, vc., simbisa.

OBSTRUCTION, ., esimbisela.
OBTAIN, vt., kula.
O, iiflj., e!
second share in a find, vt., telolo.
OAR, n., nkai,
trading capital by speculating in
pull an, vt., luka.
small trading, vph., yongbla
pull a strong, vph., bete nkai.
nkangi.
rudder, ., moiko (moyiko).
OBTAINING during absence of pro
OATH, ., ndai.
posing purchaser, n.pl., matake, i///., suba ndai, simba
keteki.
ndai.
OBDURATE, vs., kaswa, nge'nzwa. OBVIATE, vt., simbisa.
OBVIOUS, ind.. pole'le, p&le.
OBEDIENCE, ., botosi.
OCARINA, ., bototo, lototi-_
OBESITY, n., lotitb.
OCCASION, n.pl., makelela, o!
OBEY, vt.. tosa.
derivative of time from some
OBJECT, n., ntina, etondb, ewela,
other suitable verb.
mobelo.
o/ the act!on ofa verb is expressed OCCASIONAL (fight), nph., (etumba
e) ndembe yoko.
by an o^jective relative clause /
OCCUPATION, ., ebekela, ekoThe object of my love is your
ngb.
self, d kolinga ngai e'nga yo ;
note that the pronominal prefix OCCUPY, vt., kata, kula.
in e'nga would be the same even OCCUR, vin., ya.
ifthe relative clause wasplural ; OCEAN, ., libe'ke.
ODD (number), nph. (motuya mo)
the objects of my love are your
mpula.
selves, ba kolinga ngai e'nga
(of no pa<ticular use), ., mpula.
binb.
ODIOUS, dph., na lumu lobe.
to, vt., bekolo.
ODIUM, nph., lumu lobe.
OBJECTION (angry), ., mbeko.
OBLIGATION, ., molendandalo, ODOUR, ., nedlo.
offensive, ., elumbe.
mbengu.
OF, prep. is generaliy expressed by
OBLIGATORY, vs., lendandala.
means of the aajectiv particle,
OBLIGE, vpl/., kelela ngblu.
as/ lea' of a tree, langu li
OBLIQUE, ndj., masele.
mwete; a thing of value, eloOBLIQUENESS, n., esele.
ko e motuya.
OBLIVION, ., bollmbani.
OFF, prep., this is generally fauna
OBNOXIOUS, vs., sumbana.
in the meaning of the verb, as
make, vc. , sumbisa.
in longwa, to be off; labbla,
thing, n.pl., manyali.
to take off.
OBNOXIOUSNESS, n., bosumbano.
and on, vs., nongibana.
OBSCENE thing, n.pl., manyali.
get (from imprisonment), vph. ,
OBSCURE, vs., kakatana.
yiba nzbto.
(of a reflection), vs., limalima
(run away), vt., kotbla; with this
(lilalima).
verb the prep. b meniis to.
OBSERVATION, n. , boboni.
take (mimic), vt., sbkolo.
OBSERVE, vt., bono, kengele
OFFEND, vc., bellsa; vin. , bole.
(kenge).
as to know how to do, vt. , lokolo. OFFER, vt., pe; ind., kiti; vc.,
kimisa.
OBSTACLE, . , esimbisela.
(as in auction), vt., sisa.
OBSOLETE, vin., wa.
price below one named, vc., meOBSTINACY. ., lokino, nzbkoko ;
ini'-., ybkbko.
misa.

( 4o3 )

OFFERING, ., ekima.
burnt, npi/.. ekima e botumbaka.
sin or conciliatory, n., mbondi.
OFFICER, civil, nph., nkengi-na
mbemba.
OFFICIOUS, vph., yekia nzbto;
vs., yekeme.
OFFSPRING, //., mombbto, libbta.
OFTEN, iiid. , be, or with the de
rivative of counted action fol
lowed by nzike / he came
often, ayi nza nzike, or ayi
be.
OH (of pain), when Bobangi are
hurt they mostly cry out im
mediately nawa ! nawa ! ( [
die).
On, OH (of disapproval), intj., e-e !
OIL, i/.l'l, mail 8 ; vc., namisa.
all over, vt., lambbla.
from mpande of mabuku, /////. ,
mall ma mbayaka.
from mpande of molilo, nph.,
mall ma nkblo.
from ordinary palm nuts, nph. ,
mail ma miboku.
making by wringing pulp, .,

OFFER-OPEN

OMNISCIENT, vph., kolongono

na boyebi.
ON, prep., b, bmbe; pph., b llkolb ll.
earth, aph. , b nce.
get, vs. , nyengwa.
ONCE, at, ind. , sali; ndj. , babele; ///., sik'awa.
for all; ///., bobele-bobele.
ONE, adj. , -oko ; . , moko.
any one, ., nioto.
after another, vs., banzana.
by itself or himself, ndj., mpenza ; ind. , kwi.
hy one, aph., (m)oko na (m)o-

ko.
-sided, //'//., na lokenge loko.
ONEROUS, vin., kbta.
ONION, ., lltungulu, sabbla 3.
ONLOOKER, ., mokeki.
ONLY, adj., -tongb; ndj., mpenza ; /,/., kwi, bib ; adv., se.
begotten, /////., mwana 6 mpenza.

twa ; adj. , -kali, -kala.

age, ., bokbkotb; vph., busa

(of a number of times an action

is performed), ind., tb; he
spoke only three times, alobi
ndoba ncato to.
OOZE, vin. , tanga.
forth, vs., pundwa.
OOZING of water from vessel, .,
moncece, moncblo.
OPEN, vt., libbla ; vs., bangangala, wangangala ; ind.,
wanganga, wangala, polele, pole.
a little from intended folded

boka b mpbkwa.
cloth, //. , monyengu.
(first, former), ind., yambo.
(senior), n., mpbmba i.
stale, vph. , ka mpikb.
times, ind., kala-kala.
OLDER, ndj., mpbmba i.
OMEN, ., ebuna.
OMISSION, n., elimbi.
OMIT, /<c.,lekisa; vt., llmba.
OMNIPOTENT, vph. , kolongono
na nguya.
OMNIPRESENT, vph., kolongono
na boznleli.

position, vs., pasasala.

abscess, vt. , tuba ; vs., tubya.
(box), v/., bumbbla.
come (of clothes), vs., pasasala.
(of flowers), vs. , cakwa.
(mouth), ,-/.. bangbla, banbla.
(of forest), ind., balanga-balanga.
out, vt., bbmbbla.
out (a bale or closed aperture),
'r'/., balbla.
out (cloth), vt., pulbla.
out (grass so as to pass), vt.,
ynlbla.

mpele.
can, nph., linzanza ll mali.
OILED, vin., tam a ; ind., namaOILY, as OILED.
OINTMENT, ., mosingo.
OLD, v/i/., bika, kpba; vs., ko-

OPEN-ORGAN

( 404 )

OPEN (continued).
out wide, vt., nanbla, langbla, nyalbla.
place for assembling out-of-doors,
//., mpuli.
pull, vt., bembe.
to give more room between, vt. ,
cakbla.
wide, vs. , ngangwa.
wide out, , '/. , ngalbla.
(wings, etc.), vt., ngangbla.
OPENING, ., mponya.
OPENNESS (of place), . , bopole.
OPERATE, vt., kela.
OPERATION, ., ekelela.
OPINION, n., bokanisi.
of the same, ./',"//.. na molbko
moko.
OPPONENT, nph., motemeli d
esbngb.
OPPORTUNE, nph'., ndembe elamu; i/i'h., na nkomo.
OPPORTUNITY, ., nongo, epose
(eposa, eposi).
give, vph., tika or pe nongo.
OPPOSE, vph., teme esbngo.
OPPOSITE (looking towards), ind.,
co; ndj., ncbnga.
(in enmity), ndj., nketu ; i///.,
teme esbngb.
shore, nph., nc'ena.
OPPOSITION, ., esbngb.
standing in, vph., teme esb
ngb.
OPPRESS, vt., tuka, kosa, nyokolo.
OPPRESSED (with clothing), vs.,
kibita.n.-i, kibabala.
OPPRESSION, ., lltuka, ekosa,
bonyokoli.
OPPRESSOR, ., mokosi, monyokbli.
OR, adv., soko.
ORAL (matter), np//., zambi ll
bolobaka.
ORANGE, . , lilala.
ORATOR, nph. , mome munya
bwalb, moto d lileki.
ORDAIN, vt., bila, labbla ; i'-..
bilwa, labwa.
: .'.

ORDEAL, n., momeko.

ORDER, ., libako; vt., lengele

(longele); in,l, nasonga.
send, iv., sikisa; n., mosikiso.
in order that or to, ///., ntina
ete.
out of, ind., sanu.
ORDERLY arrangement, n. , libako.
ORDINAL numbers, after the first
the rest are formed by constru
ing the cardinal numbers (z,
3, 4. 5, uith the plural concording prefix of the thing re
/erred to) in adjectival clauses .first person, moto d bosb or
mobosb.
first thing, eloko e bosb
or mobosb.
first people, bato ba bosb
<<y mibosb.
first things, biloko bl
bosb or mibosb.
second person, moto d babale.
second thing, elokb e
bibale.
second persons, bat 5 ba
babale.
second things, bilokb bi
bibale.
sixth person, moto d motbba.
sixth thing, eloko e motbba.
fifteenth person, moto d
zbmu na bitand.
fifteenth thing, eloko e
zbmu na bitano.
two-hundredth person, mo
to d minkama mibale.
two hundredth thing, elo
kb e minkama mibale.
ORDINANCE, ., mobeko.
(command), . , mosikiso.
ORDINARY, ///., lobbngb-lobongb.
(of people regarded as a mob or
rabble), ind. , mie-mie.
ORTE, iron, n., malio (balip).
ORGAN, ., csanzi,
' -

( 4o5 )

ORGANIZE, vt , lengele (longele).

ORIFICE, n., munya ; pl,, miunya (minya).
ORIGIN, ., bobandi; n.pl., mabandela.
ORIGINAL, //.. ebandela.
ORIGINATE, m-., bandisa; vpl/.,
bota zambi.
(create), ve., zalisa.
(invent), vt., tuba.
ORION'S belt, nph. , nkai ncato.
belt and Sirius, /////.. basato na
mbwa.
ORNAMENT, nph., elokb e mankembo ; vc. , kembisa.
ORNAMENTATION, ., bokembi,
nkembb, mankembo.
ORNAMENTED, vin., kembo.
ORPHAN, ., moyeli, etike.
ORPHANHOOD, ., bompenza,
boyeli.
OSCILLATE, vs. , lambalamba, yembeyembe, nyengana, kolagana.
in dancing, vin. , nyobo.
OSTENSIBLE matter, vph., zambi
ll boyebani.
OSTENTATIOUSNESS,

.,

losai,

eyongt
OTHER, adj. , -siso.
any, ///., -oko, -siso.
each, use recip/ocalform of verb.
people's things, nph., biloko bi
nkeni or nkei.
-wise, K/'//., obo bbngo te, ndiki bbngo te.
OUGHT, vs., lendandala; adv.,
yengo, komo.
OUR is expressed by construing the
pron. in adj. cl.

OURSELVES, ref. pron., bisbme.

OUT (come), ind., pwe ; vin. ,
pbla, pima.
of, prep. , b, bmbe ;///., longb b.
of order, ind. , sanu.
nearly, ...... lututala; ///,/.. lututu.
OUTCRY, n., lokuku, loyoko.
OUTDO, use leka follm/'cd by noun
ofquali/y.
OUTDOORS, aph., b ndanda.

ORGAN-OVER

OUTERMOST, ///., mosika b nda

nda.
OUTFIT, .//., biloko.
OUTGROW, vph., leka boybli.
OUTLET, n., epimela.
OUTLIVE, vph., leka . . . bobiki.
OUTRAGE, . , ekuna.
OUTSIDE, . , ndanda.
goodness, ind., longu-longu.
of, /y//.. b ndanda e.
OUTWARD (thing), nph., eloko e
ndanda.
OVEN, n. , elenge, litumbu.
OVER, pr.p., b, bmbe; pph., b likolb li.
OVERBALANCE, vph. , yesene b
bozengengali.
OVERBID, vt. , yangbla.
OVERBOARD, fall, vs. , ybswa.
OVERCAST, v/.,pbto.
OVERCOME, vt., ngendolo; vs.,.
sulwa.
OVERDO, vph., lekana bokeli.
OVERDRAW, vph., lekana bobili.
OVERFLOW, vph., pita mandelo.
OVERHANGING, vs. , nengengele;
ind., ngengenge.
grass on roof, .-/. , bounza.
OVERHAUL (take away), vt., ldngbla.
(pull to pieces), vt. , pandbla,
tandbla.
(loosen), vt. , pusbla.
OVERLOOK (superintend), vt., kengele (kenge) ; , ', . , bakisa.
(pass over), vc., lekisa; vt., kina, ybtbla, pbto ; . ' - . , pelwa.
OVERLOOKED in the distribution of
shares, vs. , yimana.
OVERMUCH, ind. , bute.
OVERPOWER, vt. , ngendolo.
OVERPOWERED, v.c., sulwa, ngendwa.
OVER quantity desired, vin., yula.
OVERREACH, vph., lekana nzbto.
OVERREACHING one's share, .,
lokala.
OVERRUN, vt. , pbto.
OVERSEE, vt., kengele ; vc., ba
kisa.
OVERSEER, ., mobakisi.

OVER-PAIN

( 406 )

OVERSHADOW, vt., pbto.

OVERSPREAD, vs., nyalangatana.
OVERSPREADING, vast, i/. , monyalangatano.
OVERTAKE, vt. , kula.
OVERTASKING, . , lituka, ekosa.
OVERTHROW, vt., kubbla, yunzbla.
OVERTIME, //l'h., bosali b mbisa
e elembe.
OVERTOP, vt., pita.
OVERTURN, vt., kutia; vs., kutama; /,/., kute, kuta; zv. ,

swisa.
OVERWHELM, vt., ngendolo.
OVERWORK, vt., tuka.
OWE, use the verb to be followed by
iia mombale/ I owe you 10 I
brass rods, nanga na momba
le mb yo ngeie zbmu.
OWL, .. esukulunkutu.
OWN, ;/v'/.. zala momene, zala
na.

It is his own, enga embe

yeye momene.
(confess), vph. , bola nzbto; ;;'/.,
yobolo.
OWNER, ., momene (momeni),
mome; this requires no adj.
particle to follow it before a

definitive noun.
of people, //., nkolo i.
Ox, . , ngombo.
OXFORD checks shirting, ., mbende.
OYSTER, ., lokele.

PACE, n. , litambe ; rph. , bwaka

lltambe.
(rapid speed), ., bwalb, lobangu.
slow, n., lombnyi; .-,-., monyibana.
to and fro, vs. , lebelebe.
PACIFIC, dph. , na nyile ; vph. , kela nyile.
PACIFY, vc., bendlsa; /..br/ndo,
bongo.
PACIFYING, ., libondi.

PACK, vt., lengele (longele).

(bundle in basket), vup., sekele.
(cram), 'vt., kinza.
(wrap), vt., linga; vs., linga-

ma; ///,/., linga.

PACKAGE, see PACKET.
PACKET, ., ebimba; various
kinds of, i/., monkoti, libbkc.
PAD, //., eputaki.
PADDING, . , esukela.
PADDLE, ., nkai; vt., luka ;
,"///., luka bwengo, luka
nkai, lukisa bwengo, lukisa
nkai.
alternately each side, vph., kabbla nkai.
canoe to bring it alongside, vt.,
ybndo.
continuously, vph., sokbtana na

boluki.
in good time, vph., kasbla nkai.
long, n., losomba.
old, ., mokula.
strenuously, vfll/., bete nkai.
with a flourish of water, vph.,
kabbla mai ma nkai.
PADDLER, n. , moluki.
place of, //. , eteli.
who steers from the bow, ///.,

moti d esele.
who steers from stern, nph. , mo
ti d moiko.
PADDLING of canoe by one man,
n.. libenola.
together, n., lisomba.
PADLOCK, nph., ncabi e nkumba.
PAGE, n., bondumbu.
(of book), ., langu [//., mangu], zasa.
PAIL, see BUCKET.
toilet, ///.. linzanza ll moi
mb ndako.
PAIN, ., bwale.
aching, ., lokanza ; vln., kabear bravely, v/'h., yika mpiko.
(cramp), ., nkongongo.
in front teeth, vph. , ybka lombo-

mbb.
in head, vph., ybka mutu.
in side, vph. , ybka lobanzc.

PAIN-PALM

PAIN (continued).
in throat from swallowing hard
substance, . , lisibo.
of sore extending to other parts,
//., mongimisa.
on anything colliding with wound,
n., nkenzu.
severe (as in childbirth), .,
etwisa, monkaka.
smarting, n., esasela.
throbbing, n., nkbmekela.
PAINS, have preliminary labour,
vc., twisa.
PAINFUL, dp//., na bwale.
sore, i/., nkble.
,
PAINLESS, vp//., senga bwale.
PAINSTAKING, vap., kake'la.
PAINT, A-., bokbbo; nph., bokbbo
bb mandambiti ; see also
COLOUR ; vph., singa bokbbo.
PAINTING, see PICTURE.
PAIRS, in, nph., libale-libale ebonda.
PALACE, ., lipana.
PALATABLENESS, n., ncai.
PALAVER, ., zambi.
place, in town, . , mp/ili.
PALE, vs., kabwa.
with fear, vph., sulwa na bo
ngo.
PALISADE, //., engumba (ngblb).
PALLID, vs., kabwa.
PALM of hand, nph., loposi lo likanza or likata (at Bolobo
also likaka).
tree (oil), ., libila, mobila.
calamus, ., ekanda, ekaka,
elbngb.
fan, ., molebb, lilebb (ndebb).
other varieties, ., libuku, molild, lipeke, molenge, lilwa.
young, n. , mokaya. _
blossom, n. , mwenge.
cabbage, . , bosongo, mosbngo.
clump of bamboo palms, n. ,
ebungu.
frond, //., zanga, mwanga.
frondlet, ., mololombo.
spat he, ., eybmbb.
tender frond of molilo, n. , libamba.

PALM (continued).
frond of libuku, ., likeke, lltetele.
frond of libuku or molilo, //..
losese, ncese.
thorn on frond, n. , lilo.
husk or cob of fruit, ., mpese.
fruit, bunch, //., ebila; ///.,
etuka e mbila.
fruit, bunch! fl. n., ekango.
bunchlets, divide into, -i<t., baka.
heart of, //. , bosongo, mosbngo.
kernel of nut, ., molika, lolika.
midrib, thick, n. , mobungu.
have a large quantity of palm
fronds, vin., yuka.
trim palm from fronds, vt, , yukela, bala.
nut, ., lobila; various kinds of,
//. . ese'ke, esombe, lopete,
(stoneless) monkukia.
nut of bamboo palms, n. , mpande.
nut fibre, //. , lokangola.
nut, become stale, vin. , kuka.
nut, flavour of stale, ., nkalell, nkaeli.
nut, pick out of husk, vt., nokolo.
nut, tips of, ., monbke, bokbtb.
nut, base of, ., ntina.
nut, break or crack kernel, vt.,
bola.
[nga.
nuts, base of bunch of, ., esinuts pounded, ., lisusa,
oil, ., mali.
oil from kernels, nph., mall
ma ndika.
oil from nuts of oil palm, nph. ,
mall ma mibbku.
oil from mpande of libuku,
nph.. mall ma mbayaka.
oil from mpande of molilo,
nph. , mall ma nkblo.
oil food, n., mosaka.
rib, thick and thorny root of, n. ,
ekekele.
stem, pith of, .. molbko.
wine, nph., masanga ma ncamba.
wine, calabash for, . , mbenda.

PALM-PARROT

(408 )

PANTRY, nph. , libbmba ll biloko.

PALM (continued).
wine, calabash, small, //., lotbm- PANTS, ., mombati; nph., monkbto mb makolo.
bo.
(bathing), _., lingbanda (llwine, climb for, -'in. , bata.
wine, cut for, //. , liliisu, ncengo.
ngwanda.
PAP, nph., boll bb bcobboko.
wine, fresh cut for, nph., ma
sanga ma miinge.
PAPA, ., tata i.
wine, freshen the cut for (noon), PAPAW, ., palpal 3.
PAPER (unwritten), . , esonele,
vph., senge nzanga; (even
ing), senge mompbkwa.
lingongo.
news, nph. , lingongo ll ncango.
wine from fan palm, nph., masanga ma milebb.
PAPYRUS, ., libuka.
wine from bamboo palm, nph., PARABLE, ., ece.
PARADE, ., losai, eyengi; vph.,
masanga ma milenge.
tambwisa or lakisa losai.
wine from felled tree, nph., ma
PARAGRAPH, ., ndelo.
sanga ma monganga.
wine from heart of tree, not PARALLEL, ., ekakasa, ekalafrom flower base, nph., masa
kasa.
put, vt., sembia; vs., sembanga ma mosbngb.
wine, funnel conducting flow, .,
ma; inil, sembi.
eybmbb.
[lokelb. PARALYSE, vt., ngunzbla.
wine, iunnel for straining, ., PARALYSED, vph., wa bonyili.
(as to some expected action), vs. ,
wine, gather, vt. , seba,
wine, gatherer of, ., mosebi.
sulwa.
wine, more than 12 hours old,
PARALYSIS, ., bonyili.
PARALYTIC, nph., mokbni d bonph., masanga ma mpikb.
wine, sling for the purpose of
nyili.
climbing for, //. , molangb.
PARAMOUNT, ind., ka.
PARAFFIN, ., palapinl (Eng.) 3.
PALPABLE, vs., nybnyua.
things, /////., bilokb bi kata.
PARASOL, ., lingembwa (longePALPITATE, vs., kilima, kuluma ;
mbwa.
ind., kili-kili, kulu-kulu.
PARBOIL, ,-/.. ngunzbla.
PARCEL, tied up like a sack, large,
with fear, vs., pakibana.
PALPITATION, ., lobesi.
libbke.
ditto, medium, ., montinga.
PALSY, ., ewatisa.
PAN, . , mpotb.
ditto, small, monkoti.
of flint-lock gun, ., esau.
PARCH, vph., ybma koso-koso.
PANDER, vs., biangubana ; ///./..
PARCHED, vs. , katatala.
biangu-biangu.
PARCHMENT, nph., ekbtb e leliPANE, nph. epaso e talatala.
leli.
PANEGYRIC, //.. mosanzb, noanzo. PARDON, vc. , sabinya ; intj. , loPANEL, ., pano (Fr.) 3.
sako.
PANG, . , etwaki.
PARE, vt., kombo.
of childbirth, //. , monkaka.
off skin, vt., walbla.
PARENTS, .//., babbti; in sing,
PANGOLIN, ., nkamonyo.
PANIC, n., lipaki.
separate words for father and
PANT, vs., kibitana, kibabala,
mother, should be used.
sekuma, sekubana, tetu- PARLEY, vph., yisa mwele, le
bana, tbkibana, tbtibana ;
mwele,
-in., pbka; vp//., kela mpb- PAROXYSM, ., moyotwangano.
ma, sokbtana na mpbma.
PARROT, ., nkoso.

( 4o9 )
PARRY, vt., bambbla.
PARSIMONY, ., lokoto.
PART, vt., kakbla ; ... , kakwana.
(portion), n., etomba.
(branch oft), ,-.-'. , kabwa.
of borrowed money to delay
demand for full payment, lay
down, v/. , bekbla.
(limb), ., damn.
of the body other than a limb, //.,
etomba.
the hair, vph. , yatbla mwatako,
yemolo nowe.
PARTAKE, vt. , sangela.
of (eat), vt. , le.
PARTIAL information, act on, vs.,
kulumwa.
PARTIALITY, ., lokbndo.
PARTICLE, n., lopumbu.
PARTICULAR about, vap. , kakela.
individual, render by this one ; a
particular person, moto moko
oyo.
PARTING, ., bokakani.
of hair, n. , mwatako.
of hair, make, vph., yemolo
ncwe.
PARTITION, n. , nkbmbe (likbno).
PARTNER, iil'h., moninga d lotongo, d loputani.
PARTNERSHIP, ., ncangela, lotbngo, loputani.
withdraw oneself from, vph., bila
nzbto.
dissolve, /'///. , kabbla lotbngo.
PARTRIDGE, ., ekwale.
PARTY, ., etbnga, ebemba.
PASS, vt., leka, lekbla.
and repass in race, vs., bolongono.
come to, in past tense, ph., eliki
ete ; in other tenses, vin. , ya.
from one to another, vc. , tambinya.
headland sharp, vph. , bunbla
nkblo bu, yoiiyolo nkblo bu.
in, vin. , weie ; ind. , we.
in continuous line, vph., leka
tumbelele.
in crowds, vph., leka bululubululu.

PARRY-PATCH

PASS (continued).
let, vc., lekisa.
on a call, vc., yebwisa,
on one side, vin., penge ; vs.,
pengwa.
out, r,,///., pima (bima), pbla,
pbmba.
over (overlook), vt. , pbto,
over (a river), vs., baswa.
over (a bridge), vt., nanga.
over (a space), vt, , leka.
over to other side of anything,
vph., kete nzela.
over a wrong, and give another
chance of doing better, vt.,
yele.
round, vc. , tambinya; vs., tambana.
round lobesi circle, and win from
each _ player, vph., lekisa
ngala.
through, vph. , leka b nte'i.
through and out, ; ' ' . , pbmbana.
through hand to clean, vt., kulbla.
to (hand to), .'. .. yambisa.
under, vt. , yinbla.
up, ,-/n.. bata.
PASSAGE, ., elekela.
(ford), ., mokito.
(road), //.. nzela.
underground, nph., molombb b
nce e longa.
PASSENGER, //., mosiyo 1I, moso
n, mosambako.
PASSING shadow, ., moyeli,
PASSION, ., nkelele.
get into, vph. , kula nkanda.
PASSIONATE, dph., na nkelele.
PASSIVE, ind., bm; vs. , yingangala.
PASSOVER, ., lopita.
PAST, vii/., leka; nph., elembe
ebleka.
PASTE (for sticking), nph., mposoko c banza.
PASTOR, ., mokengeli.
PASTRY, dph. , bi le bi mposoko.
PASTURE, nph., biyembu bi le.
PAT, vap. , betele.
PATCH, . bamba ; ;/. . mbambo.

PATCH-PECU

( 4lo )

PATCH (continued).
of sunshine in forest, nph., ete-

nela e mwese.
PATCHWORK (cloth), nph. (elamba e) bocoboko.
PATERNITY, ., bosangb.
PATH, ., nzela.
between gables of houses, . ,
mobuku.
blind, ii., ekumele.
covered with weeds, vs. , lbmbombolo.
edge a, vt., komba / vap., kombela.
(highway), //. , mongolo, moldli.
through forest or grass, make a,
,-l-//., kala nzela.
place where roads meet, ., llkau.
small and seldom traversed, nph.,
nzela e lombombolu.
(track), n., mbondo.
well trodden, ., mongolo.
PATHLESS, vph., senga nzela.
PATIENCE, nph. , mpiko e bobiki.
PATIENT, vph., yika mpiko.
PATRIARCH, ., nkoko i.
PATRIOT, nph., molingi d mbbka.
PATROL, vin. , senzele ; n. , senze"3-

PATTER (of feet), vph., yinda toto.

(of rain), vph. , kita tb-to.
PATTERN, ., litanda.
PATTERNS, many (on cloth or rocks),
iin/., ngia-ngia-ngia.
PAUSE at beginning of action and
not perform it, vc., yelisa.
in speech, z//'' , simbisa bolobi ;
//.//.. makitinya.
PAW, n., likaka.
mark, . , litambe.
(the ground), vt., yulbla.
underpart of, , liboto.
PAWN, vph., yeke ntuka, tika
ntuka, yekia ntuka ; n. ,
ntuka.
PAY (a person), vap. , yutela.
attention, vs., timimala ; ind.,\\,
blackmail, vph., pe okota.

PAY (continued).
death dues, vph., samba mbalaka.
debt, vph., kala mombale,
yuta mombale.
excess or interest, vt. , yakia ;
vs. , yakema ; /////. , ka.
exorbitantly, vt., yanda, wokola.
homage to, vt., sangbla.
taxes, duty, vph., pemonyango.
out (rope), vc., nyengisa.
PAYMENT, ., liyuta.
(blackmail), n.. ekota.
part, to delay full settlement, .,
mobekb, mbekb.
(toll, tax), n., monyango.
(for a wife), n., nzambi,
(wages), ., mbemba.
PEA nut, ., lonzokb.
PEACE, ., nyile ; ind., bm, cabe.
at (from anxiety), vph. , sabbla

moi.
at (out 01 danger, trouble), vs.,
kbswa.
(content), vph., sunda molbko
sutu.
live in, vs. , bembana.
make, vt., sukela; vph., zalisa
nyile, kcla nyile.
[yi.

-breaker, ., mosukoli, moku-ful, ind., biu, cabe.

ful, place, nph., nongoe ti.
-maker, ., molinginyi.
PEACEABLE, make, vc., bembisa.
PEAK, ., enongele, mpasa, ntolo.
PEAL, vin. , lunza ; vs. , belengene.
PEASANT, nph. , mosali d lisala.
PEBBLE (crystal), ., mose.
PECK, vin., kbmela, kbmekela.
PECULIAR, dph., na lolenge lo
(yeye'mb).
PECULIARITY, one born with, .,
mpumamoi.

of any kind of thing or person is

expressed by tahing. He noun in
its sing. or pl. form as may be
found necessary and prefixing
bo-.

PECU-PERISH

( 4" )

PECUNIARY matter, nph., ztimbi

ll mosolo.
PEEL, .".'.. kubbla, nbno, pbsbla,
pomolo, tobbla, toba, yobb-

la, yoba ; ind. , pb.

(of skin), vin. , kiya.
PEEP, vs., pelome; ind., pele;
yV/., kengele na mpasa ll
miso.

PEER.OT., peleme; ind., pele.

PEERLESS, -.-/"'/.. lekana. bolamu,
lekana motuya.
PEEVISH, vs., mongomongo, mengemenge, mongongolo.
PEG (fur hats, etc. ),//., esimbisela.
PELT, / '/. , y/isa, bwaka.
PELVIS, np//., lokwa lb linene.
PEN, . , mosoni.
PENAL, dph., na likamba.
PENALTY, //.. likamba.
PENCIL, ., mosoni.
PENDANT, nph., elokb e paka.
PENDULOUS, adj., -sanda.
(of breast), /'//,/. , biombolo, pokblo.
PENDULUM, ., moleli, molembelembi.
PENETRATE, vin. , pomba, wele;
vs., pbmbana, pbkana, pbpana ; ,-.-. , pbmbisa, pbmbinya, pbkinya, pbpinya ; /,/.,
pb.

PENETRATING, ind., za.

PENIS, //., nyama, likbto ; tbe
modest expression is the eu
phemism bosb (before).
PENITENT, vph., komomolo na
mawa, yingangala na mawa.

PENMAN, . , mosoni.
PENSION, nph., likbnda llbobiki.
PENSIVE, vs., ngondondolo.
PENSIVENESS, . , lintwantuma,
montwantuma.
PENURY, ., boyokb.
PEOPLE, nph., libbko ll bato;
t/.pl., batA.
collectively = those who, .,
ekambe, ekambi.
crowds of, nph., libutaka ll
bato.

PEOPLE (continued).
belonging 10 a man or population
of one place, n. , libula.
PEPPER, . , ndbngb ; various kinds
of, nph., ndbngb ll bambai,
ndbngb ll miso.
bush, . , bondbngb.
PERADVENTURE, adv., soko.
PERCEIVE, vt., sbsolo (cocolo).
PERCEPTION, ., bosbsoli.
PERCH, ,-/ , batia [batema, bata],
kaUa [katema, kata].
PERCOLATE, vin., tanga.
PERCUSSION, ., bongbndwi.

cap, //., libw.-i.

PERDITION, ., bosinani.
PEREGRINATE, vs., nyengana, ca
bana, kblangana, kblbngana, bibngana, nyabana.
PEREMPTORY, ind. , kilo-kilo.
PEREMPTORILY, issue orders, vt.,
kilbla.
PERFECT, vin. , komo ; vc. , komisa.

(of a point), ., nconco.

PERFECTION, n., bokbmi.
PERFIDIOUS, vs., walangana.
PERFIDIOUSNESS, . , llwall.biwall.
PERFORATE, vc., pbmbisa; vt.,
tuba ; vs. , tubya.
PERFORATION, ., epongo, lilusu
(litusu, etusu), li/isu, litubo,

epbmbisela.
PERFORM (carry out), vt., baka,
kela.

(act), -.'t., sana.

something and act as though it
had not been done, vs., lemangana.
PERFUME, //. . boimbb (boyimbb) ;
///7/. , ncolo elamu.
PERHAPS, adv., soko.
PERIL, ., engulumisa, engumisa, monyokb.
be in, vs., nyokwa.
PERIOD, ., elembe, mobu, ebb-

ngo (esembe).
long, ., lobiko.
PERISH, vs., sinana.
PERISHED, ind., wa.

PERJURY-PESTI

(412)

PERJURY, ;>''//., simba ndai e

lokuta.
PERMANENT, vin. , bika ; ind., ki.
PERMEATE, vs., lalwa (through is
b).
PERMISSION, ., epose (eposi,
eposa).
PERMIT, vph., pe or tika epose ;
z '/. , tika ; vc., lingisa.
PERNICIOUS, adj., -be; dph., na
mombbto mo bobe.
PERPENDICULAR, w. , kombombala ; . , esongo.
PERPETUAL, /',/., kia-kia.
PERPETUATE, vin., bika; vc., bikisa.
PERPETUITY, ., lobiko.
PERPLEX, vc., kakitinya.
PERPLEXED in choosing, vs., yelangana.
PERPLEXING, vs., kakatana, yungatana, yungutana.
thing, ., mokakatano, mau~
nga (mayunga).
PERQUISITE, ., mbemba.
PERSECUTE, vt. , nyokolo.
PERSECUTION, n., bonyokoli, monyoko.
PERSEVERANCE,
.,
ntungu,
mpweme, mpimba.
PERSEVERE, vin., bika; ind. , Id,
PERSEVERING, give up, vph., tika
ngbu ; vs., kutwa.
PERSIST, vin., bika; vc., kibisa.
PERSISTENT, vs., poibana, nongibana ; in, i. , poi-poi, nonginongi.
PERSON, n. , inoto.
accustomed to country life, .,
moluaka,
attentive to duties, . , mobaki.
buried beneath chief, n., ekomba.
chief person in the place, nph.,
ebali e mboka.
counted unworthy to be in com
pany, //-, mokwata.
extra to company, ., mompakia n.
in .l. n., moboso ii.
happy, nph., mome bisengo.

PERSON (continued).
killed in place of another, nph.,
masomba-nkingo.
of same name as another, nph.,
ebunga llna.
prominent because of some par
ticular action or fame, ., monkomboka.
thin, ., moningitiki 11.
unfaithful, n., momemoli.
very corpulent, ., mongbukutu, mongukutu, mongutu.
who dies of illness which friend
suffering from at same time re
covers from, nph., masombankingo.
PERSONAL attendant of chief, n.,
bondumbu.
it is a personal matter, enga
zambi li moto momene.
PERSONALITY, n. , bomoto.
PERSONATE, vt., sokolo.
PERSONIFY, vph., singinya ete
nde bato.
PERSPICUOUS, ind., nasonga.

PERSPIRATION, ., mitoki.
PERSPIRE, vin., toka.
PERSUADE, vs., lendana; vc., lendinya.
PERSUASIVE, dph., na bolendinyi.
PERTINACIOUS, dph., na ntungu.
PERTINACITY, ., ntungu, mpi
mba, mpweme.
PERTINENT, vs., se'mbwa.
PERTURBED, vs. , nengubana, nenguma, tungatunga ; ii/-.l. ,
nengu-nengu.
PERUSE, vt., tanga.
PERVADE, vs. , lalwa (through is b).
PERVERSE, vs. , pingwa, yengwa,
pengeme ; vt., pengolo, pengia; vin., penge; ind. , penge.
PERVERT, see caus. and act. forms
of perverse.
PESTER, vc., batinya.
a person for payment, vt. , kutumba ; vs. , batasana.
PESTILENCE, ., mowa, ewewe;
<olq., akulu.

(413)
PESTLE, n., munda; tl., miunda.
PET, . , nkisa i.
PETITION, ., lopekele.
PETTY, adj., -ke.
PETULANT, vs. , mongomongo,
mengemenge, mongongolo.
PHANTOM, n., ebonobono.
PHENOMENON, n., mobonbnb.
PHILANTHROPY, ., bobbto.
PHLEGM, //., ekolu, elobu, elou.
PHOSPHORUS, nph., meya mi
esbmba.
PHOTOGRAPH, ., lililingi (lilialingi).
PHOTOGRAPHY, nph. , boyomi
malilingi.
PHYSIC, ., mono.
PHYSICIAN, nph., nganga e mino.
PIANO, n., longombi.
PICK a bone, vph., kaya mosuni
mbnga b nkwa.
a quarrel, /i. , kuya, sukbla.
(choose), vt., solo.
(bespeak), vt., banda.
off (something that sticks), vt.,
tbnyolo, tonybla, tonbla.
teeth, 7'f<//., pakbla mino.
up, vt., bila ; vs., bilwa.
up from the ground, vt., lungbla.
up scattered fragments, vt. , tobila; /n,l, tobi-tobi.
PICKAXE, ., pikasi 3.
PICTURE, .,lllillngl (llllallngi).
PIE, ., pai 3.
PIEBALD, ndj., mantolinga-mantolinga.
PIECE cut from coil, ., llbongo.
cut from dog's tail, ., loti.
divided off, //., ekakoli.
of broken pot, . , mbeke.
of cane, ., libongo.
of cloth generally 12 yards long,
often only 8 yards, ., litina,
of meat or fish, ., mondoti.
of wood used as a bench, long,
n., motenaka.
split off, . , eyeti.
cut or broken off lengthwise, .,
etomba.

PESTLE-PINE

PIECES, chopped into many, ind. ,

ce-ce, bi-bi.
go to, vs., pandwangana.
PIERCE, vt. , cuma; ind. (of small
things), ewe ; (of large things),
on.
(wound), vt. , ma.
(make a hole), vt., tuba; vs.,
tubya.
through, vc., pombisa, popinya, pbmbinya, pbkinya ;
"v//., pbmba; vs., pombana,
pbkana, pbpinya.
PIERCED, ind., tusu.
full of holes, vs., tubyangana.
PIERCING, ., litubo, lotuba.
(of eyes), ind., ngesi-ngesi.
PIETY, colq. n., nyonyo.
PIG, n., ngombele.
wild, ., ngoya.
PIGEON, //. , ebenga, empbmpb.
PIGMENT, ., bokbbo, see COLOUR.
PIGMY, . , mokuse.
PILE (heap), ., liboko.
(of cloth), ., nkunza, nkungia, nzoso.
(stake driven into the ground),
n., lipata, esukela.
up, vt., yakia [yakema, ka],
sokia [sokama, soke].
PILES (disease), n., ekeko, bosbmba.
PILFER, vt., kbkolo; vph., yiba
wali-wali.
PILGRIM, ., mobembi.
PILL, nph., ebuki c mono.
PILLAGE, vt., punza.
PILLAR, . , lipata.
PILLOW, nph., esukela e miitu.
soft, n., likoba.
wooden, n., ekbmba.
PILOT, n., molakisi.
PIMPLE, ., mombole.
hard, n., encuncu.
PIN, nph., londongo lb miitu
., pini(Eng.) 3.
PINCERS, ., nkbya.
PINCH, vt., nuete ; n., empimPi.
PINE, vfn., bonzo.
-apple, n., enasi.

PINION-PLANT

( 4'4 )

PINION, //., esimbisela.

of cane fibre, n. , ekatamba,

PLACE (continued).
in canoe where goods are stowed,

ekatanga.
PINNACLE, n., enongele, mpasa.
ntolo.

in full view, vph., tika pole'le.

of cut off ear, nph. , litoi engu-

PIONEER, ., moyamboli.
Pious, colq ndj., nyonyo.
PIP (of fnnts), . , mombbto.
(of gourd km/i), n., lopusa.
PIPE, i/., mongenzu.
hend, n. , montina.
smoking, ., nkonango.
stem, ., moseseke.
PIQUANT, vin., to.
PIRACY, //.. ekwakata, ekwako,
mobasako, nzunzb.
PIRATE, vt., yunzbla, basa; n. ,

mobasi.
a person on his journey, vt.,
buba.

PISTIL, nph., llso li likele.

PISTOL, nph. , bondbki boke.
PISTON, n., pisitbna (Fr.).
PIT, //..libela.
PITCH, n., milaka, mbib.
(throw), vt., yusa, bwaka.
(of roof), n., boselii.
PITCHER, see JUG.
PITFALL, ., ekitisela.
PITH in cane, etc., n., mobungu,
mobubali.

PITHY, dph., na sembo nguya.

PITIFUL, vph., tema molika.
PITILESS, vph., senga molika.
PIT-SAW, nph., eso ene.
PITTED with mud, vs., patangana.
PITY, n. , molika; intj., ngb!
PIVOT, ., ntei.
PLACE, n. , nongo, epose (eposi,
eposa).
before, vph., tikabosb, yambo,

ka 01- b miso ma.

enclosed on river bank for steep
ing biiilii, n., lilata, liliba.
first, ., mobosb.
for firewood, ., llingo (liyingo).

give, vph., pe nongo.

put in a separate place, vph.,
tika kale.

n., nkukia.
lu.

open, for assembling, ., mpuli.

(put), vt., tika._
sleeping, n., etuti.
take, vin., ya.
together, vt., bunga; vph.,VOta.
b nongo yoko.
where an action is performed, use
the derivative ofplace.
where canoes are drawn up, n.,
ukbli.
where current strikes the shore
with force, ., libete.
PLACENTA, ., eknku.
PLAGUE, n., mowa, ewewe; colq.,
ekulu.

(worry), w., tungisa.

PLAIN, n., llsembe, ncebete.
(clear), ind., pole'le, pole.
grass, //.. esbbe.
PLAINTIFF, nph., mobanzi d llbanza.
PLAIT, vt., tbnga, ynta ; n., eyuta.

front, of hair, ., esolo.

PLAN, vph., bonda mambi; vt.,
yanga.

(intend |, vt., kana.

(intention), . , mofcano.
(scheme), n., moango (moyango).
secretly, vph., yanga nkuku.
PLANE, vt., kombo; ., likombo.
jack, nph., likombo ll nte'i.
moulding, nph., likombo ll matanda.
plough, ///., likombo ll tima.
rabbet, nph., likombo ll mpbkblb.
smooth, .v/'//.. likombo ll lambola.
trying, ///'//., likombo llsanda.
PLANET, ., motondolo.
PLANK, ., epbmba, libaya.
PLANT, ., eyembu, eyunga, lonzembu.

(4l5)
PLANT (continued).
various kinds of, //., elolb, esakamanza (llsakamanza), etoki,
likb-ll-ebale, likungola, lllanga, lindomba, lingbngblb,
linzoi, lipupule, lltetele, lltokc, lobandemela, londwa,
longongo (ngongo<, longuya,
loyubisa, loyumbola, matambe ma ngubu (2 variet<es,
one growing in water and the
other on land), mbiln-bayanzi. mikbngblemba, mokai,
molembe, molualumba, mompongo, mompulaka, moncasako (moncancako), moncencende, monyoli. mosasangi, mowaindo, mpambangoi, mpelo, ndakalaka,
ndota, ngungutu, nkangamatuku,
nkata-bilamba,
nkenya, nkombe, sabi 3.
etc., gr .wn up again, ., mopuswangani.
PLANT, vt., sika.
PLANTAIN, ., liko; vjirious kinds
0', ., ebanga, etiba, epukokotwa (epukblbkoto), etotbkb, eyindo.
bark, //., ekbkblb.

PLANT-PLAYING

bark, dried, //., ekdtu.

PLANT (continued).
unripe, . , monyangu.
root, n., elenge, engotb.
heart of root of, ., epo.
shoot, //., eyana.
stem after iruit lias been cut off,
ii., ebubu, epepele.
very small fruit at end of slalk,
// , montika.
PLANTATION, ., esoko.
PLANTED, //t,l, sika.
ground, ., bosiko.
PLASTER, . , bibanzela; r/.v., bbka.
for sores, uph., ebanzelae mpbta.
PLASTIC, //., ndambiti, mandambiti.
PLATE, n , lilbngo, mbalankatn.
bread, /'//., mbalankata 6
engbele.
cake, !t /'h.. mbalankata e
engbele e bollo.
meat, /////., mbalankata e
ebwele.
pudding, nph., mbalankata 6
pulinga.
soup, nph. , mbalankata e subu.
tea, nph. , mbalankata e sa.
(slab), ., epasb.
(coat with copper, etc.), vt. ,

bunchlet, n. , esangi.
core or heart, . , mcongbngb.
flower, //.. ekuku.
leaf, dried, ., mompble, lipondo.
fruit, ., liko, (large kind) moncato.
fruit stalk when first appearing,
., mpbngb.
leaf rising with the stem^., mololombo.
leaf, rubbed soft and used for
towel, n., linyuka.
leaf, yellow and ma/ure, ., de
li.
pudding, //., momputa.
pudding o' plantains smashed
with a club, ., mondambo.
beaten, //., mongingi.
ripe, i1., lotela.

PLATEAU, n., lisembe.

PLATEN (of pres-), . , enyinyela.
PLATFORM, n., eyako.
(over a fire), ., etalaka.
PLAUDIT, ., mosomb.
PLAUSIBLE answer, give, vs., biangubana ; ind. , biangu-biangu.
PLAY, vt., sana; ., bosano, lisand, likblolo.
instrument that is struck, vt., be
te.
instrument that is blown, vt.,
yala.
(of fountain), vph., bwaka mai
nyalala.
pitch and toss, vph., ta lobesi.
PLAYFUL, dph., na masano.
PLAYING, ind., kblolo.

lipa.

PLAYTHING-POINT
PLAYTHING, ., bosano.
PLEA, ., bopekeli.
PLEAD, vap., pekele, bondele.
earnestly, vph., mongono nopekele.
for, vap., bbndelela, bondemele.
(make excuse), vs. , yangana ;
vph., ta mokalo or eyako.
PLEASANT, ndj. , zeni; vs., cekubana; ///,l. ceku-ceku.
flavour of food, n., ncai.
smelling (of food), ., likindi.
sounding, ind. , timo ; vs. , temwa.
to look on, vin. , tana.
PLEASANTLY disposed, vs., nyanganyanga.
PLEASANTNESS, ., botoi.
PLEASE, vc., bibkisa; vph., ybkisa molbnzb.
if you please, ///. , ndiki okokana, na mokano mo yo.
PLEASURE, //.. bompala, esengb.
PLEDGK, ., ntuka.
oneself to do something, vt. , bengbla.
PLEIADES, nph., bangbndb ncambo.
PLENTEOUS, see PLENTIFUL.
(of fruit on trees), vs., lembembele ; ind. , lembembe.
(of tiny things), vs., nybkubana;
ind., nybku-nybku.
PLENTIFUL, vin., bula, yuna;
adj. , -yike ; ind. , bbka, be, zu.
PLENTY, ., boyike, bopuli.
PLETHORA, ., ekiba.
PLIABLE, adj., -kou ; ind., molu.
PLIANT, ind., molu.
PLIERS, ., nkoya.
PLIGHT, vt., bengbla.
(condition), ., lolenge, lokbla,
lollmo.
PLOT, vt., yanga; ., moango
(moyango).
against, vap., yangela.
secretly, vs., walangana ; nph.,
moango mo nkuku.
PLOUGH, vt., tima, timbla ; nph.,
lokbngo lb bibwele.

416

'

<
i

PLUCK, ';'t., muka (buka).

(from a height, either by reaching
up or climbing), i'/., yimba.
grain or nuts from cob, vt. , nokolo.
seeds from stalks, vt., tbngolo.
tops of bushes to hinder growth,
vt., tenbla, tena.
out, vt., bila; vs., bilwa.
up or out, vt., zubbla.
(fearlessness), ., bonzanga.
(lungs), //.//., maululu.
PLUCKING tops of bushes to check
growth, n. , ntenb.
PLUG, ., elinda, elindb. elindwa, esinya ; ,'/.. sina ; vs.,
sinya.
used by women, n., ekunda.
PLUMB, ///., sika sembo.
-nile, //.''//.. lote'no lb botemisa.
PLUME of feathers, n. , ekbngb.
PLUMMET, ., pulume (Eng.)PLUMP, ind., tbmu-tbmu; vin.,
yongo.
PLUNDER, vt., punza; vph., kanga montonge, kanga bilokb bi etumba.
(people imprisoned), i/., montbnge, ntbnge.
[nzb.
PLUNDERING of strangers, ., nzuPLUNGE, vph., linda moncongi.
PLURAL, dph., na boyike.
birth, see BIRTH.
PLURALITY., ., boyike.
POCK, ., likoto [pl., bakoto].
POCKET, //., bokumbe, nkobo.
POD, ///''//. , ndako e mimbbto.
one kind of, n. , ecala.
with hole for use as a whistle, . ,
bototo.
PODGY, vs., bakatala; ind., bakata ; (angry word), ., lingnndbmbele.
POEM, ., loyembo.
POET, nph., etuba nzembo.
POINT (a stick), vt., sengolo, sosolo ; n. , mpasa, munya.
at, vt., sisa.
(headland), ., nkblo.
highest, .. enongele, mpasa,
ntolo.

POINT-PORTION

(417 )
POINT (continued).
. of a matter, ,?/>/'.. nzoto ll zambi.
of- needle, nph., munya. mo londongo, liso ll londongo.
(of punctuation), ., elembo.
out how to do, vc., lakisa; vt. ,
laka.
POINTED, vs., soswa, sengwa.
POINTER, //., ndakisa.
POINTLESS, ind., kulungu; v/'h.,
senga munya, senga mpasa.
POISE, vt., banbla.
POISING of spear or knife, n.,
ntwantuma.
POISON, nph., mono mo llwa, mo
no mb boma; v///., boma
na mono.
for poison test (2 kinds), n. ,
mbondb, nkasa.
for poison te,t, to take, vph.,
. .nua mbondo , -/' nkasa.
for poison test, .adm/nister, vph.,
kinza mbondo.
of a snake, ., nginge, eyanza.
POISONOUS, dpl/., na llwa.
POKE (a person), vt., sula.
(the fire), vt., coma.
out (protrude), vs., tekekele ;
ind., tekeke.
(sack <, ., likoba, mpenge.
POKER, ., ecomela.
POLE, //. , mbonga, motondo.
for carrying anything by two per
sons, i/.. mobbngolbko.
POLICEMAN, npl/., nkengi-nambemba.

POLICY, //., bokbngi, likani.

POLISH, vt., lambola.
POLISHEDNESS, ., miseii.
POLITE, vin., kongele.
POLITENESS, . , bokongeli. [esS.
POLITICAL matter, nph., zambi ll
POLITICS, nph., manibi ma ese.
POLLUTE, vc., sumbisa.
POLLUTED, vs. , sumbana.
POLLUX, sec GEMINI.
POLYANDRY, ., bosekano.
POLYGAMIST, npl/. , mobali d ndbngo.
POLYGAMY, ///., ndongo 6 basi.

POMATUM, nph.,

boimbo.
POMP, . , losai,

mosingo mo

- .

POND, //., eliba, etbngo.

PONDER, .-'/., bonda; vs.,- ngondondolo.

PONDEROUS, vin., leme; ind.,
ngo, ngbtblo ; ,/d/. . lito, -letu.
PONY, nph., mbalu ek'eke.
POOL, //., eliba, etbngo.
small, ., esabekela.
POOR, vin., pita.
become, i'./., yokwana.
person, //., ekbkblo, moyokb.
POORLY, vin. , kono.
(woman's phrase), vph., bono
likolo.
POPULACE, dph., bamie-mie.
POPULAR matter, nph., zambi ll
ba.to banco.
POPULATE, v/h. , zala b ... bululu-biuuln.
.. -
POPULATION, .; libula.
la<ge, n., lonybku.
large, have vs , nybkubana ;
ind., nybku-nybku.
POPULOUS, dph., na batd bululubululu.

PORCH, ., mosbko.
PORCUPINE, n., ngomba.
quill //., monzaso.
PORE, n. lilusu, liusu.
PORK, ///., ebwele e ngombele.
POROUS, dph., na mausu.
PORRIDGE, ., politi 3.
PORRINGER, nph. , mpotb e politi.
PORT, . , mosoko.
PORTABLE, vph., yisa bonyanyibwi.

PORTENT, . , emwa, emwanga.

PORTER, n., monyanyi.
(doorkeeper), nph. , mobateli d
ekuki.
PORTION, n., etomba, libbndo,
moiko imoyiko),
(birthright), nph., libondo ll
bobbtibwi.
large, n.. empenga.
of fish under price of one rod, n. ,
likulu.
B

PORTION-POWER
PORTION (continued).
(share), //., libbndo.
small, ., epepele, bosato.
tiny, ., lopumbu.
PORTLY, adj., -no.
PORTMANTEAU, nph., bokumbe
bb mobembo.
PORTRAIT, n., lliilingl (lilialingi).
PORTRAY, vph., yoma lililingi
ll.
POSITION, ., nongo, epose (eposa, eposi).
(condition) i/., lolenge, lokbla,

lollmo.
POSITIVE matter, nph., zambi ll
boyambaka.
POSSESS, vt., kula.
not, vt., senga, yende.
POSSESSING abundantly, ind., lukwaluku.
POSSESSION, ., ekatela, liknla.
of large number of people, .,
lonyoku.
POSSESSIONS, nph., libutaka li
biloko.
POSSESSOR, . , mokuli, momenc
(momeni), mome, nkuli.
(of people i, . , nkblo i.
POSSIBLE, vp., yisibwa.
POST, ., lipata, eyela, eingo
(eymgo).
a letter, etc., vt., tinda.
military, for the purpose of cap
ture, //., ndambela.
(station), //.. mbbka.
POSTAGE, nph., motuya mb botindi.
POSTAGE-STAMP, nph., mutu mo
banza, lingongo ll mutu.
POSTERIOR, pph., b mbisa; .,
bokbto, linyoko.
to, ////. , b mblsa e.
of tor/oise, ., ekingili, esolo.
POSTPONE, vin., yuba; vc., yubisa ; .-'/'//. , zengisa zengele.
POSTPONEMENT, ., bonyito.
POSTULATE, vph., kanisa se bokanisaka.
POSTURE, usv derivative of manner
/rom suitable verb.

POT, ., okci.
cooking, ., mpotb, motando,
libelenge, elenge e motando, llkuta, lcende, likcbc.
discarded, n. , eboko.
like a basin, ., likuta.
small, n., esale, likebu.
herb, n., londwa, see FOOD stuffs.
POTATO, n. , esundu, ebenge.
purple, /'//., esundu e nkbka.
POTENT, dph., na nguya.
POTENTIAL, dph., na boyisi, na
boyisibwi.
POTSHERD, ., ekenga, mbeke.
POTTER, nph., moyomi d mpotb.
POTTERY, .//., bikei.
furnace, ., litumbu.
POUCH, ., nkobo.
POULTICE, ^.,embotoempbta,
lisusa ll mpbta.
POULTRY, nph., bibwabi mileke.
POUNCE upon, vt. , busa, cuka ;
/;/,/. , busl, kwaki.
upon (of animals), i'/.,buta; ind.,
kwiingi.
POUND, vt., toko.
(of weight or sovereign), //.,
pounda (Eng.) 3.
POUR, vt., sobe'la, swela.
(as rain), vin., no, tbmba.
down (of rain), vs. , sukwa, lebwa.
into another vessel, vt. , yangbla.
out, vt., kongo.
through a sieve, . /. , kongo.
POURED in full, ph., pu be.
POURING in, ind., pu.
POUT, vs., lukwangana, zukwangana.
POVERTY, ., boyokb.
POWDER, ,-.-., munyungana, ninnyangana; i/.. munybla ;
vs., munyua ; //.. mpumbu.
gun, //l'h.. meya mi bota, .-,,
GUNPOWDER.
insect, n., mangongolo.
POWDERED finely, ind., mie-mie.
POWER, ., nguya.
POWERLESS, ,- . . , ngbnyibana, monyibana ; ///./. , ntbnyi-monyi, ngoiiyi-ngonyi.

( 4'9 )

PRACTIC-PRESENT

PRACTICABLE, vp., yisibwa.

PREDISPOSE, dph., na mposa ya
PRACTICALNESS, . , bokeli.
mbo.
PRACTICE, see PROFESSION.
PREDOMINANT, ind. ka. Also by
(trial), //., momeko.
means of kangala ; laziness
PRACTISE (carry ou/), vt., baka.
!
wa> piednminant, bosende
(l.i y<, r/' , meka.
boliki se kangala.
PRAISE, va/'., yembela; vc., ka- PRE-EMINENCE, n/ h., bozall ka.
kisa ;///, sanzbla .sekinya).
PREFACE. nph., mambi ma ba.
a good act, i//., sima.
ndela.
PRAISEWORTHY, vph., komo mi- / PREFER, vt. , yinyele.
sanzo.
(bespeak), vt. , banda.
PRANCE, vs., lbndwa.
(choose), vt., solo.
PRANK. , bosano.
PREFERABLY, see RATHER.
PRANKISHNESS, ., bonzbli, mo- ' PREFERENCE, n., boyenyeli.
zobo.
PREGNANCY, ., zemi.
PRATE, vs., babangana.
PREGNANT, vph., wele moi, kula
PRATTLE, vs. , babangana.
moi, ka zemi.
PRAWN, see CRAY-FISH.
- , PREJUDICE, n., mopengo. See
PRAY (ask fur), vt., bbndela.
,
also BIAS.
(beseech), vap., pekele, bondele. PRELUDE, ., ebandela.
PRAYERFUL, dph., na bobbndeli.
PREMATURE matter, nph., zambi
PREACH, vt., lambbia.
likosenga nkomo.
PRECARIOUS, dph , na bosenga.
birth, nph. , boybswi moi. [te.
PRECAUTION, nph. , boyindbli ya- PREMATURELY,///., nani nkomo
mbo.
| PREMISES, define as houses, etc.
PRECEDE, vin. , banga ; vt. , ya- PREMIUM, . , likbnda, mokbndo.
mbbla; vap., bangela.
PREPARATION, ., bolengeli.
PRECEDENT, nph., lolenge lb bo- PREPARE, vt., lengele (longele).
so.

PRECEPT, n. , ekblongo.
PRECIOUS, dph . na ntalo ene.
stone, nph., libwa ll motuya.
PRECIPICE, .,mobenga, esbngo.
PRECIPITATE, ,v. , kitisa.
PRECIPITOUS, vs., bongatana,

ngbnzonzala ; iiid. , ngbnzonzb, ngenzenze.

PRECISE, iiid., be, be-be.
PRECLUDE, vt., yeka.
PRECOCIOUS, vpl/., yele na lobangu.
PRECURSOR, ., moyamboli.
PREDESTINATE, vp//., sukisa moto bosuku yambo.
PREDICAMENT (i-ondition), ., lolenge, lokbla, lolimo.
(confinement), .. bokeleli.
(place), n.. nongo, epose (eposi,
eposa).
PREDICT, vt., beka.
PREDICTION, i/., bobeki. '

quickly, nph., lengele sail.

PREPARED, vs. , kolongono, molongono; ind., kolbngo, molbngb, co.
food, carefully, nph., boli bb bo-

sbngele.
PREPONDERATE, vph., leka ka
pita wi.
PREROGATIVE, nph. , monkandi
mo momene.
'PRESCRIBE, vc., laldsa.
- .
PRESCRIPTION, ., lilak6.
PRESENCE, ., bozaleli.
PRESENT, ind., bwa.
at, flp>/., sik'awa.
(a gun), vt., sisa.
(give), vph., pe . . . kiti ; vc.,
kimisa; vap., kabela; .,
likabo.
time, nph., elembe e sik'awa.
in a place while sought for in
another, vs. , lembatana.
in return, //., nzenza.-

PRESENT-PRIVA

(420 )

PRESENTIMENT of trouble, n., ekani.

PRESENTLY, dph. , na naembc. . .
PRESERVE, vc., bikisa.
PRESIDE over, vph., sekisa mambi ma.
PRESIDENT, ., mobosb it.
PRESS, vt., nyata.
down (into), vt., kinza (b).
forcibly down, vt., nyekia; ind.,
nye.
heavily upon, vt. , yinya, nyi
nya ; - ' - . , nyinyama, yinyama ; //.</.. yinya, nyinya ; //..
enyinyela.
_ put, z//.x yama.
(printing), n., ebetele.
[la.
round (as a crowd), vap. , yingetogether, vs., y i kana ; vc., yikinya.
(urge), vt. , bakikia ; . '. , kaminya, tbkinya.
PRESSING^ in,t. , .ngungu.
PRESSURE, ., bolito, boletu.
PRESUME, vph., kela na monta
ka.
PRESUMPTION, ., montaka.
PRESUMPTUOUS, vin., yembela;
dph. , na montaka.
PRETENCE, ., bolembbli.
PRETEND, vt., lembbla, limba.
to know, vs., lengubana.
PRETTY, vs., lengengala; ind.,
lenge-lenge ; vin., tana;
ndj., zeni.
PRETEXT, -/.. eyako, mokalo.
PREVAIL, vt., ngendolo ; vph.,
leka na bokbti.
PREVALENT, express by means of
kangala ; the custom was
prevalent, moke'to mbliki se
kangala.
PREVARICATE, vc., bblinginya,
bblbnginya.
PREVENT, vc.. simbisa.
PREVIOUS, ind., yambo, bosb.
PREVIOUSNESS, ., bobele, yambo. bosb.
PREY, .,esenfa.
PRICE, ., motuya, ntalo; i-t.,
tuya.

PRICE (continued).
. .....
exorbitant, ., liteke.
_.
large.. i/id., bulukn-buluku,
fall in, OT.,.kakwa.. , .
. :'<
fai+yph.., kete motuya. ......
increase in, vs. , kakwa.
of slave, ., miiondi.
PRICK, vt., ma, cuma; ind. (with
small things) ewe, (with large
things) cu.
PRICKLE, ., lilo.
PRICKLY heat spot, ., liball.
leaf used to poison fish, n., monconcongo.
PRIDE, n., losai, eyengi.
full of, vs., langatana, langalanga, langasana.
-PRIEST, ., nganga.
high, nph., nganga e ka.
Roman Catholic. nph., nganganzambi I, mpelu 5.
PRIME (ol life), , botaki.
(a gun), vph., tele esau. ...
PRIMING (for gun), ., csau.
PRINCE, ., mokonzi.
[ni.
PRINCESS, nph , mokonzi d mwePRINCIPAL, ., nipbmba I, engenze; ind., ka; /.:'.. lokbla
ntina.
PRINCIPLE, ., ntina.
PRINT, vph., bete monkana.
PRINTER, nph., mobeti d minka
na.
PRINTING office, nph., ebetele e
minkana.
prtrss, n., ebetele.
PRIOR, ind., yambo.
PRIORITY, ., bosb, nconcp.
PRISON, n/'h., ndako ekbti, ndako e kelele, e bobatell '- ' e
ekambela.
PRISONER, ., mokeleli, mokangibwi.
of war, ., montongc n, ntonge 5.
PRIVATE matter, nph., zambi ll
momene.
knowledge, .. ncbncbli.
parts, n.colq., bosb.
PRIVATION, ., bosonga, boyendo.

( 421 )

PRIVILEGE, nph., nongo e ngblu.

PRIZE, ., likbiida, mokbndo.
PROBABLY, adv. , soko.
so, ph. , ndembo yoko bbngo.
PROBATION, n., momeko.
PROBE, vap. , yalela.
PROBLEM, n., momekd.
PROBOSCIS, ., bwembd.
PROCEDURE, ., ekelela; nph.,
lole'nge lb kela.
PROCEED (to an indicated spot),
vs. , suswa ; -.-c. , susinya.
PROCEEDED to / we went to the
village and proceeded to hunt,
loki b etuka yeka (or ki)
nobenga bokila.
PROCEEDS (of the sale of), nph.,
mosolb mo {matekele ma).
PROCESS, use derivative of manner
from suitable verb.
PROCESSION, ., elongo.
funeral, by men, ., epanzo

(mobuluku).
fun,-ral, by women, n. , mompandi.
PROCLAIM, vt., lambbla.
law, loss of goods, vt. , besa.
PROCLAMATION, ., mobe'sa.
PROCRASTINATE, vph., suka na
mikano or miango; vin.,
yuba.
PROCRASTINATION, n., ekoi.
PROCURE, vt., kiila, somba.
PROD, vt.,. ouma; ind. (with
small things) cwe, (with large
things) ou.
PRODIGAL, n. , ewblo.
PRODIGALITY, n., bowblbko, bowblb.
PRODIGIOUS, vs. , ngambatana.
PRODIGY, n. , mokakatand, maunga (mayunga).
PRODUCE (bear), vt., bbta.
(make), vt. , kela.
(of farm), n., misalb.
[lb.
PRODUCTION, n , ekelela, mosaPROFANE, adj., -be; OT.,sumbana ; vc. , sumbisa.
PROFANITY, n., bosfimbano.
PROFESS, vt., bandblx, ybbolo,
sakola.

PRIVI-PROMOTE

PROFESSION (calling), ., ebekela,

ekbngb, lotbmo, mwe'ngi.
(statemeni), n., bobandbli, boybboli, bosakbli.
PROFFER, vt. , se'mbbla, kimisa.
PROFICIENT, vs., yekasana, mesene; vin ., kbka.
PROFIT, ., litbmba.
make, ,'///. , yakia litbmba, butisa litbmba.
sold at a, vs., bebwa ; vt., bebolo.
PROFITABLE, vph., butisa lltbmba.
sale, //.. libebblb.
PROFLIGATE, ., ewblb; vs., wolbngana ; ;-. , wolinginya ;
ind., wd-wd.
PROFOUND, dph., na ntina line.
PROFUSE, aij., -yike; /',/., be.
PROGENITOR, ., nkokb.
PROGENY, .//., bana.
PROGNOSTICATE, vt. , beka.
PROGRESS, vin., sole; n. , boseli.
PROHIBIT, vt., yeka; vc., killsa,
PROHIBITED article ol diet, etc.,
//. , ekila, mok'ilo.
PROHIBITION (law), n., mobeko.
PROJECT, n. , moango (moyango).
a journey, vph., yangisa mobembo.
(of teeth), vs., pasasala.
(protrude some distance), vs.,
tekekala; ind., tekeke.
PROLAPSE, vin., kita.
PROLIFIC, dph., na boyike.
in breeding, n. , ekonza.
PROLONG, vc., bikisa.
PROMINENT, vs., tambambala ;
ind., ka, iiolele, pole.
PROMISCUOUS, dph., n'o kakbla
ka.
PROMISCUOUSNESS, ., eputaputa.
PROMISE. ., elaka, ndaka ; vph.,
tika ndaka.
make a firm, vph., koma ndaka
kwi.
PROMONTORY, ., nkblo.
PROMOTE (help), vt., sunga.
(increase), vc., bulisa, yunisa.

PROMPT-PROVOKE

( 422 )

PROMPT, dph., na nkomo.

PROMPTITUDE, ., nkomo.
PRONE, put, vt., sambia; vs., sambama, sambetna ; hid. , sa
mba.
PRONG, ., lind.
PRONOUNCE, vt., loba.
gu<lty, vc., kitisa.
innocent, vc., lbngisa.
judgment, v*h., kete libanza,
PRONUNCIATION, ., lipe'ta, elobela.
PROOF, n. , ndimbo.
fireproof, vph., kolongono or
molongono b meya kolongo
or molongo.
rainproof, ind. , kwi-kwi.
waterproof, in<I.., ngbi-ngbi.
PROP, n., esukela, etaka, mpiko.
extra to original ones of house,
n., neomo.
up, vap., sukela.
up h^ad with hand in sleep, vt.,
sukuta.
PROPAGATE, vc., tolsa.
PROPEL, vc., tambwisa.
PROPELLER screw, n., nkai, nkbngo.
PROPER, vin., kbmo ; vs., longbbana, yengebene ; vc., komisa; ind., cd.
PROPERTY, n. , ekatela ; n.pl.,
bienda (biyenda).
acquired by prostitution, nph.,
elembo e bongondb.
valuable, n., niconzi.
PROPHECY, n., bobeki.
PROPHESY, vt., beka.
PROPHET, n., mobeki, ntete i.
PROPITIATE, vt. , bondo.
PROPITIATION, n., mbondi.
PROPITIOUS, adj., -larnu ; dph.,
na elikia.
PROPORTION, ., boyenzi.
PROPORTIONATE, vp., yenzibwa ;
dph., na boyenzi.
PROPOSE, vt. , yanga.
PROPRIETOR, n. , momene (mo
meni), mome. This does not
require the adj. part, to follow.
(of people), n., nkolo i.

PROPRIETY, ., bosuku.
PROSCRIBE, vc., killsa.
PROSECUTE, vs., banzisa.
PROSECUTION, n., libanza.
PROSELYTE, n., mozengwi.
PROSPECT hope), n., elikia.
(view), n., lll6.
PROSPER, vs., nyengwa; vc.,
nyengwisa.
PROSPERITY, ., bonyengwi.
PROSPEROUS, vs., nyengwa.
PROSTITUTE, ., mopeki.
act as a, vin., peka.
fee of (a parting gift), ., mokakano.
PROSTITUTION, ., bopeka.
PROSTRATE, vs., tutuma ; ind.,
tuta.
PROTECT, vt. , batela.
PROTECTOR, ., mobateli.
PROTEST, vs., tatabana; vph. ,
sakbla sako-sako.
PROTRUDE a little, vs., tekekele ;
ind., tekeke.
(of hips), vs., beyeyele.
PROTRUDING (of eyes), ind., bolibbli, loli-loli.
(of forehead), adj., mbombo.
(of mou/h), ind., ze'mbembe.
of spinal bones low in back, . ,
libole.
(of teeth), ind., pesase.
PROTUBERANCE on crocodile's back,
//. , limpaka.
on back of cat-fish, like a fin, n.,
mokanza.
PROUD, dph., na losai.
flesh, nph., liso li mpbta.
PROVE, vt., limbola.
PROVERB, ., ekblbngb.
PROVIDE for, vt., yokolo.
PROVIDED that, conj., ndiki, obo
(aba. aba).
PROVIDER, ., moyokbli.
PROVISION, ., boli.
make (arrange a place), vp//. ,
lengele nongo.
PROVOKE (make angry), vc., belisa, yakwisa, Similarly for
other meanings, use causative
form flf c//'fflt'/c verbs.

(4*3 )

PROWL, vc., lombiaa (kombisa).

PRUDENCE, ., likbka, likani.
PRUDENT, vin., kbka.
PRUNE, vt., catbla, cetolo, kakbla (mwete), kulbla.
PRURIENT, dph., na ncoi.
PRY, vs. , pbleme.
PSALM, ., loyembo.
PUBERTY, n., lipuka.
PUBLIC room, ii., mosbkb.
PUBLICITY, ., esanyange.
PUBLICLY, ind., polele, pole.
PUBLISH, /- '. , tambwisa, cakinya.
PUBLISHED (of report), vc., cakana; iii-.l., oa.
PUCKER, vs., yutangana; vc.,
yutinginya.
PUDDING, ., pulinga.
of maize or plantain, n., momputa.
PUDDLE, vin. , cobo.
PUERILE, dph., na lopupu.
PUFF, .-/. , pipe, pepolo, pupa.
PUFFY (of cheeks), vs., bukukala,
bututala; /</., bukuku, bututu.
PUGILIST, ., mobuni.
PUGNACITY, ., ngoto.
PULL, vt., benda.
apart anything stuck together, -it. ,
bandbla.
away from mass, vt., bukola.
away or open, vt., bembe.
down (a branch, and eyelids of
sleep), i'/., yblo, yembe.
down what has been pushed up,
vt., kuya.
hard (canoe), colq. , bete mwete ;
i'///.. kakola or bete nkai.
thread out, vt., yolbla (wolbla).
to pieces, -'/. , pandbla.
together in paddling, vpl/. , pula
nkai.
up, vc., batisa.
up cloth over helt so as to hang
over it, '.-'///., buncla elamba.
up or out, vt. bila; --.. bilwa.
PULLET, ., zasa.
PULLEY, ///// , elokb 6 zblongana.
PULP of palm nut, n., linkambu.
in water, n., nkonzb.

<

<

PROWL-PURI

PULSATE, vs., bendana.

PULSATION, ., mwebb.
PULVERIZE, vt., munybla; vs,,
muny11,1 ; vs. , munyungana,
munyangana ; ind. , munyumunyu.
in mortar, vt., toko.
PUMMEL, a person, vt., poso.
PUMP, n., pumpa (Eng.) 3.
PUMPKIN, //., lilenge, mosuku.
seed, ., lopusa.
PUN, n., boyembwasani.
make, vrec., yembwasana.
PUNCH, ., ndbka.
PUNCTUAL, ph. , cd na ndembe.
PUNCTURE, n , litubo; vt., tuba
vs., tubya.
PUNGENCY, ., esasela, mpia.
PUNGENT, vin., sasela; dph., na
mpia.
PUNISH, vc., kambisa; colq., kanga.
PUNISHMENT, ., likamba.
receive, vin., kamba.
PUNTING pole, n., mbongb.
PUNY, adj., -ke.
PUP, ///'//.. litumbu ll mbwa.
PUPIL, n., moyekoli.
of eye, n., mombolo (lombolo).
PUPPET (of lathe), ., pupete
(Eng.) 3.
side, /''''., pupete e lokenge.
PURCHASE, vt., sbmba; ., lisbmbS, mosbmbS.
cheap, ., libebblb.
PURE, vs., petwa, cecwa, cemwa,
cocwa.
(water or speech), ind., kengelele.
PURGATIVE, nph., mono mb lekisa 11101.
PURGE (by medicine), vph., lekisa
moi.
(cleanse), vt., petolo, cecolo,
cemolo, eocbla.
PURIFY, vt., petolo, cecolo, ce
molo, cocbla.
water, ,-///., kengisa mai kengelele ; -'/. , tendolo.
PURIFYING, n., bopetoli.
PURITY, ., bopetwi.

PURUNE-FUT

(424)

PURLINE, n. , mokoko;//-., miokoko.

PURLOIN, '.-'/., kbkolo, yosolo
kwakbla, yiba.
PURPLE colour, nph., bokbbo bo
nkoka ; n. , bonkbka.
PURPOSE (meaning), n., ntina.
(will), !/., mokano.
(use), ., lotomb.
PURSE, ., nkobo.
PURPOSING ; we went to the village
purposing to hunt, loki b etuka yeka (or ki) nobenga bokila.
PURSLANE, /'//.. matambe ma
ngubu.
PURSUE, vt., bila; vap., bengc'la.
PURSUIT, n., mobengo.
Pus, n., loinya [pl., mpinya].
PUSH, vt., cinza, tabbla, tinza.
away, vt., cinzola.
ends of remaining pieces of fire
wood together, vc., tindlsa.
farther into middle of river, vt. ,
balbla.
hair or feathers aside, vt., yasbla,
(off), canoe, -'/. , senzbla.
on one side, vt., bulbla, yetolo,
yekbla.
over, 'vt., yukola, sokia (sokisa); /-'v., sbkomo; ind., soke.
so as to fall, vt., sukbla.
(to excite to anger), vt., kukuta.
under, -'///. , kunda bocinzaka ;
7'/., yunda.
up, vc., batisa.
PUT, vt., tika.
a question, vt., luka.
above, vt. , yakia ; vs. , yakema; ind., ka.
across (a river), vt. , basola.
across (space), vt., yekia; vs.,
ye'kama; ind., yeka.
against, vt., yekia; vs. , yekeme ; ind. , yoke.
a little to one side, vt., bengia;
vs. , bengeme ; ind. , benge.
alone, vph., tika sika.
alternaiely, vc., betinya.
an end to, vc. , silisa, sukisa.

POT (continued).
an end to (kill), vt., boma; ind.,
bomu.
an end to (exterminate), vt. , si
nisa.
anything into a confined place
(as a thicket), vt. , kakia; vs.,
kake'ma ; iiu/. , kaka.
apart, vt. , tangbla, seimisa ;
vs. , tangwa, seima ; ind.,
sei.
aside, vt., bulia ; vs., bulama ;
ind., bule.
aslant, vt. , yekia [yekeme, yeke] ; vs. , yendeme [yende].
away finally, vt., sabbla.
away (hide), vt. , bomba.
away (wife), vc., longwisa, tambwisa ; vph. , boma libala
na.
back, vc., butinya, butwisa.
back (towards), vph., zengbla
mbisa ombe or b.
close together, vt. . bbmbia ; vs.,
bbmbama; ind., bomba.
crosswise, <"///., yekia ze'keyeka.
crosswise (lattice work), vc., sekitinya; vs. , seketene.
down, ,',-., sundlsa; vin., sunda.
down violently, vt. , somba.
down (wings, etc.), vt. , lolla ;
D-. , loleme ; ///,/. , lole.
face downwards, vt., kutia, kukia ; vs. , kutama, kukama ;
///,/. , kute, kuta, kuka.
face uppermost, vt. , kutbla,
kukbla, sekbla.
fire to, vt., bambbla.
firewood in order for a fire, '///.,
takinya nkanzu.
flat on ground, vc., tutumisa.
forth leaves, vin , songo.
forth (out), vt., pimisa, pblisa.
forth rapidly, vt. , ta.
forth (stretch), vt., sembbla.
further apart, vph., tangbla
bisa.
here and there, vt., Icalia/ vs.,
kalema ; ind. , kale.

( 425 )
PUT (continued).
in, vt., tele, subia; ,-..-.. suba-

ma; ind., suba.

In a few

sentences note the transposition

of di/ ect and indirect adjectives
from the usual places, tele okoto b mutu, subia elamba b
nzbto ; while the prep. in the
veib is evidently in, in such
and similar sentences the prep.
must be rendered on.
in a prominrnt position, vph.,
tika polele.
in firmly (post), vt., yinda.
in firmly (cork), vt. , kinza.
m ground, / '/. , kunda.
in ground (plant), vt., sika.
in heap, i'/., sokia; vs., sokama; ind., soke.
in line, vph., longia bmolongo ;
vsph. , longama b molongo ;
ind.. longa.
in mind of, vc., yindwisa.
in order, --/., sekele (cekele),
lengele (longele).
in pledge, vph., yeke or yekia
ntuka.
into a rack, vt., kblia ; vs., kolama ; ind., kola.
into arms, vt., ybkia ; vs. , yokeme ; ind. , ybko.
into, sec PUT in.
less, vt. , kokia ; ,--'. , kokeme ;
iiu/., koke.
more, vt., yakia ; vs., yakema;
ind. , lea ; . , nzakia.
near, vc. , belemisa ; / '/. , banza ;
vs., bandema; ind., banda.
obliquely, vt., sella; vs. , seleme ; ind., s/ile.
off (clothes), vt., tungbla.
off (defer), vin., yuba.
off (fire), vt., labbla.
off (paying debt with a promise),
vt., bekola.
on a (cover), vt. , bumbia ; vs. ,
bumbama; ind., bumba.
on (clothes), vt., swa; vc., swisa.
on face, vt. , sambia [sambama,
sambema, samba].

PUT-PUT

PUT (continued).
on fine things, vin., sungela.
on patch, vt., bamba.
on the top, vt., yakia ; vs., ya
kema ; inn. , ka.
out, vc., pimisa, pblisa.
out (disappointed), vph., sulwa
swi, butwa swi (said of
heart).
out (extinguish), vc., limwisa
(llmisa).
out (eye), vt., bila; vs., bilwa.
out fruit, vs., kekene, kekele.
out of joint, vt., yekolo.
over, vt., pbto.
right, vc., yengibinya.
. right side up, vt., kukbla, sekola, bumbbla.
round, vt., linga; vc., zbnginya.
through, vc., pbmbisa, pbmbinya, pbpinya, pbkinya.
through (as a stick) an article to
hold it up, vt., pakia; ind.,
paka; ;-/., somia; /./., so
me.
to death, vt., boma; ind., bomu.
to flight, vc., pakisa, kotwisa.
to one side, vt. , tengia ; vs., tengeme ; ind. , tenge.
to sleep, vph., tutumisa ngbli.
to the test, vt. , meka.
together, vt., bunga, cuca, puta ; vc. , putinya.
trust in, vph., sunda molbko
sutu na.
under, vt., sbkia ; vs., sbkeme ;
ind., soke.
under water, vc., lindisa.
under water (dip), vt., yina.
up, vc., batisa.
up (build), vt., tonga.
up (hang), vt., pakia [pakema, paka], banya [banyema,
banya].
up to (teach), vc., lakisa, yekwisa.
up (umbrella), vt., ngangbla,
palbla, pulbla.
up with, vt. , kina.

PUT-QUIET

( 426 )

PUT (continued).
up with (inconvenience), vph.,
yika mpiko na.
upon, i'/. , yakia ; vs. , yakema ;
ind., ka, w'A4 the prep. b.
upon a man's shoulder, vc., nyanyisa, tbmbisa.
upon, s.-e PUT on.
upside down, vt. , sbkia ; vs. ,
sbkomo; sud., sbke ; (v<-.,
sbkisa).
without any attempt at arrange
ment, iv., pusunginya.
PUTRID, vph., peta pelete; vin.,

QUARREL, vs., ybmana; vin.,

zoka, zokbla ; n., zomano.
QUARRELSOMENESS, ., ekoseli,
matumwand, moloboto, monteti.
QUARTER, nph., yoko b bikakoli
binei.
QUAVGR, .-'/., kamakama (kakama), simbasimba ; ind. ,
kamakama, simbasimba.
QUELL, vc., silisa.
QUEEN, nph., mokonzi d mwene.
QUEER, vs., kakatana, yunguta
na, yungutana.
QUENCH, vc., llmwisa (llmisa).
seta.
QUENCHABLE, vph.i yisibwa bothing, //., ebblu.
PUTRIFY, vin., bilo, seta.
koi.
PUZZLE, //., mokakatano, maii- QUENCHED, vs., limwa.
ng,i (mayunga).
QUERY, ., eluki, moluki.
PUZZLING, vs., kakatana, yunga- QUESTION, as QUERY.
ask, vph. , pe moluki ; -'/. , luka.
tana, yungutana.
PYJAMAS, npH., mombati mo
(have doubt about), vph., yisa or
nyengele.
le mwele.
QUESTIONABLE, aph., soko boyengebeni.
QUESTIONER, n , moluki.
QUACK (like duck), vph., ldba QUIBBLE, vph., tungisa na miele.
kwa-kwa.
QUICK, vs., salangana, saliQUADRUPED, nph., ebwele e bobana; ind., sali-sali, kwakwa.
pbtama.
QUAFF, vph., yangblao munya.
headed, i.e. , clever, nph. , mutu
QUAGMIRE, ., libele.
mb sali.
QUAIL (fail in spirit), vs., sulwa,
in growth, ind. , zblaka.
sululala ; /./.. sululu ; ;-///..
too, ind., kongblblb.
tika ngbu.
walking, n., monyeki, monyeQUAINT, df//. , na lolenge lokali,
ke.
na lolenge lb yengome.
QUICKEN (make alive), vph. , zaliQUAKE, vin., wata, lenge; vs., !
sa na bomoi.
oikana.
(speed), vc., salinginya; vph.,
QUAKING, ., lobilimo.
kendisa lobangu.
QUALIFICATION, ., bokomi.
QUICKLY, ind., sali.
QUALIFIED, vin., Icomo.
l/f/ing, end., yai.
QUALIFY, vc., komisa.
QUICKNESS, n., bwalb, lobangu,
QUALITY, //., mombbto, lolenge,
lowato.
lokbla, lolimo.
(of smelling ability), cohi., zblo
QUALM (sickness), ., bosobili.
(mblo).
(doubt), ///'//., mwa mwele.
QUICK-SIGHTED, dph., na liso
QUALMISH, feel, v/n.,so\Ala.;ind., |
lisanda.
sobi-sobi.
QUIET, ind., biu, cabe ; vs., koQUANTITY, ii. , motuya.
momolo ; vph. , zala biu, tika
what, adv., kwe ?
biloba, bende lokuku.

( 427 )

QutET (continued).
(content), dfl/., na molbko su-

tu.
person, ., mompolb.
pla e, a/-h., nongo e ti.
QUIETEN, vc , bendlsa ; vt., bo
ngo, sunga, yaba, seka.
down, vin., bande.
QUIETLY, aph., na moi, sebolombisa.
speak, '.-'/.. tobo ; v///. , loba na
mpwe/npwe, loba b nkako e
lltoi, loba bolombisa.
QUIETUDE, n., nyile.
QUILL, nph., mokundu mo lisala.
of porcupine, i/., monzaso.
QUININE, n., kwinini 3.
QUINSY, nph., kbno bileleku.
QUIT, vph., longwa o, kumwa b.
QUITE. ind., nye, wa.
QUIVER, vs., bilima, cikana ;
vin. , wata ; vc. , watisa ; iitd. ,
oiki.
(of eyes, leaves and gills of fish),
vs.. balibana, ball ma.
(of gills), vs., lakubana.
for arrows, . , nkobo.
QUIVERING, ., lowatisa,
QUOTATION, nph., mambi ma
nkeni.
QUOTE, vph., loba ma nkeni.
QUOTH, this is rendered by an ab
brevintion o/ et ; see under
SAY.

RABBET, ., mpbkblbkb, mpbkblb; vph., senge mpbkblb.

RABBIT (animal ),., labiti I Eng. ) 3.
RABBLE, iffh. , ba mie-mie.
RACE by boat or canoe, ., likakola ; vph. , bunisa nkai.
(kind), n. , lolenge, lokbla, lolimo.
run a, vph., bunisa lobangu,
bela mpala; //., mpala,
mpalala.
RACK, gun, nph., likanza ll mata.
RADIANT, .-///.. bwaka mayiyele.

QUIET-RAMBLE

RADIATE, vt., yiyele.

RAFT, nph. , etalango 6 raiete.
RAFTER, //. , mokoko; //., miokokb.
RAG, nph., eyeti e elamba, elamba ekalwaki.
RAGE, /-///., kanza, swenge; .,
nkelele, nkanda ; ind , swe.
RAID, vt., kubbla, punza.
RAIL (of wood, etc.), ii., molongo
(monga; //., mionga).
(jeer), vt., mungbla, sisola.
RAILING, n., lobalaka.
RAILWAY train, nph., bwengo bb
nce.
road or track, nph., nzela e
bwengo bb nce.
RAIN, ., mbula.
[la.
charm away, vph., yimba mbucoat, nph., elamba e mbula.
heavy, continued, nph., mbula e
molbbi.
small shower ot, //.. momianga,
momiaka.
-bow, //., monkole.
-drop, ., llmio.
-water, nph., mai ma mbula.
RAISE, vc., batisa; ,''/. . netbla,
tbmba.
(lever), vt., be'nbla, bengbla.
objection, vt., bekolo.
the dead, vt., sekbla.
up, vt., sekbla; ;-.'.. sekwa.
voice, vph. , netbla likingb, kangbla likingb, kendisa liki
ngb.
water and let it fall with a noise,
/-/., bundbla.
RAISED, vs., sekwa.
foundation, make, vt. , bbka.
RAISIN, iir'//., moseseli mb boybmaka.
RAKE, n , engasa (engwasa) ; vt.,
kolo, ko.
RALLY, vph , ybngana bisa.
RAM (animal), nph., mbataebwele.
(powder into agun^, vt., kindela.
RAMBLE, vs., nyengana, bibngana, kblangana, kblbngana,
nyabana, cabana.

'KAMI-RAVAGE

( 428 )

RAMIFY, vs., kabwa.

RAMROD, n., moswa.
RANCID, vin., kaka.
RANCOUR, //., ekengeni.
RANDOM, use the derivative of in
congruity from suitable verb.
RANGE, //., nongo.
RANK (high), ., bompbmba;
//A')., nongo e ka.
(luxuriant in growth), vii/., yuka.
(place), //.. nongo.
(row), a.. ekala.
see also RANCID.
RANKLE, vin., kenda, kemba,
bula, ynna.
RANSOM, vt. , pusbla.
money, ., mopuso.
RAP, vt., bete.
lightly, i<ap. , betele; ind., keko.
RAPACIOUS, dph., na mpbsa e punza.
RAPACITY, nph., mpbsa e punza.
RAPE, n., bolokblokb.
commit, vph., kata bolokolo
ko.
RAPID, dph. , na lobangu, na bwiilb.
(of beating), vs., kilima, kuluma ; /// /. , kili-kili, kulu-kulu.
passing, vs., walibana ; ind.,
wali-wali,
coming forth, ind., pwe.
RAPIDLY burn, vph., lika bululu.
RAPIDITY, ., bwalb, lobangu.
RAPIDS, n.. bweta, maba.
RAPINE, ., bopunzi.
RAPTURE, . , monyanga.
RARE, dph.. na mwa ndembe, na
bosenga.
RASCAL, nph., inomc ekuna.
RASCALITY, ., ekuna.
RASE, vt., kutia [kutama, kute,
kuta].
RASH (on body), n.pl , nkana.
(imprudent), vs., setetala; ind.,
setete.
RASHLY, ind. , tununu.
RASP, ., mokolwa.

RAT, ., mpb.
(field), n., ekembe, mosutumpo.
(striped), i/., mbende.
trap, n., lilbnga, motambo.
RATCHET, n., esimbisela.
RATE (speed), ., lobangu.
(time of dancing, singing, etc.],
., llsiko.
(price), ., motuya.
RATHER, vt. , yenyele, solo ; vph. ,
linga ka.
(bypothetic) in statements or ex
hortations, render with d zala
ka nde (the ka in this phrase
has the lowered tone, instead of,
as might be supposed, the raised
tone as the usual form of the
negat/ve). I would rather die
than steal, boyibi na liwa, d
zala ka nde ncoki nawa or
nakobbya boyibi, obo bbngo
te d zala ka nde ncoki na
wa. He did not steal, he
would rather have died, aliki
nde d yiba ka, 6 zala ka
nde tiki abawa. He was not
saved, he would have been
saved had he rather believed in
Jesus (instead of doing as he
did), aliki nde 6 kbswibwa
ka, d zala ka cite ayambeli
Yesu nde tiki abakbswibwa.
Another nay of rendering this
sense is, I will not steal, better
that I die, nakbzala nde d
yiba ka, bolamu nde na
wa.
more than, vph. , pita mwa ka
na.
much, nph., mwa boyike.
RATIFY, vc., kendisa.
RATION, nph. , moiko mb boli, llbbndo ll boli.
RATIONAL, dph., na mutu, na bokanisi.
RATTLE, vt., nyinga, ningisa.
iron, //.. lingila.
kind of double, ., lisanga.
RAVAGE, vt., kutia [kutama;
ind., kute, kuta].

( 429 )

RAVE, vs., lblwangana; vph.,

. loba bilobaloba.
RAVELLED, as.,. llngatana; i .,
llngiUnya.
.....
RAVEN, z>.,kanza.
RAVINE, //., loboku.
RAVISH, vph., kata bolokbloko ;
vt., yosolo, kwakbla.
RAW, adj., -besu.
RAY of light, n., liyeyele.
RAZOR, ., ekenge, etebu, lotebu.
REACH, /-///., yetela, lea (aka).
not, vs., betetele; ind. , betete.
out to, vc. , yambinya.
towards in order to get, vap. , sambela, sembela,
REACHED, vp., kulibwa.
right amount, vin., kiba.
REACT, vs., kakwa.
READ, vs., tanga.
READING, ., lotanga.
READY, vft., lengibwa; us., kolo. . _ ngpuo, molongono ; ind., kolongo, molingo.
. make, vt. , lengele (longele) ;
.-.-., kolinginya.
REAL, ////., nyomeni, bosolo.
REALITY, dph., e or ll nyomeni or
bosolo.
REALIZE, vt., yeba, ybka.
REALM, n., bokonzi.
REANIMATE, vph., bctbia molimo, betola b jmbi.
REAP, vt., muka (buka).
REAPING honk, n., ebundu.
REAR (hinder part), ., mbisa.
bring up, vph., ya mobete.
of company travelling, ., mobe
te.
< (of house), //., likiisa.
(provide for), vt., yokolo.
(stand up), vph., teme sombolo,
teme sika.
RE-ARRANGE a trap after closing
itself, vt., sokolp.
REASON, //. , etandb, ewela, mobelo, ntina.
for this, dph., na ewela eye, or
with any of the words iinder
reason in similar clauses.
for what ? adv. , bo'ni ?

RAVEr-RECEAIM

REASON (continual).
.......
(argue), vph., yisa or le mwele.
(sense!, //., mayele, likoku, likani, miitu. .
'. ;
(think), vc., kanisa.
REASSURE, vph., butwa nokeREBEL, vt., yunzbla ; ., moyunzoli.
REBOUND, vs., londwa.
REBUKE, vt., kasa.
REBUILD, vt., se'kbla (ndako).
RECALL, vc., butwisa.
a person to m<nd, vph., kundbla moto b molbko.
to mind, vt., yindbla.
RECANT, vt., tbna.
RECAPITULATE, vc., kibisa.
RECEDE, vph , butwa mambia-.
mbisa, benda nzbto.
RECEIPT, n. , boyambi.
RECEIVE,. vt., kwa,.yamba; ind.,'.
sa, sat
back, vap., bembele.
gladly, vap., nyangela.
unconsciously, vap., yambste'la.
unwillingly, ."-., mongomongo,
mengemenge, mongongolo.
RECEIVING, n., boyambi.
RECENT, ph., bele-bele na sik'awa. Sometimes the phrase is
used without the prep. na.
(new), adj., -temu.
RECEPTACLE, nph., nongo e tele.
(sheath), ., lilako.
(temporary), np//., nongo e sik'awa.
RECEPTION, ., monyanga, bo
yambi, boyambibwi.
RECEPTIVITY, ., loyambako.
RECIPROCAL, vs., yenzasana.
RECITE, vt., ta, tuta, semba.
RECKLESS person, ., ewblb.
squandering, . , bowblbkb, bowblb, mowblbkb.
RECKLESSLY squander, vc., wolinginya.
RECKON, vc., sekisa (sekia).
RECLAIM, vc., butwisa/ vt., be
tola. .

RECLINE-REFINE

( 43o )

RECLINE on side, vt., kengia nzbto; vs., kengama ; /,/., kenga.

RECOGNISE, vt., sosolo (cocolo).
the path, vt., sbngo.
RECOIL, y/'//., butwa sume; vs.,
zubwa.
[la).
RECOLLECT, vt., yindbla (yinzbRECOMMENCE, vph., butwa p.
rake up old affair, vph., kundbla zambi.
RECOMMEND, vc., lakisa, ye'binya.
RECOMPENSE for labour, ., mbemba.
RECONCILE, vc., bembisa; vs.,
bembana.
enemies, vc., tonginya,
oneself, vph., bstbla bobbto.
RECONCILED, vs., bembana, tongana. .
to, vap., bembele.
RECONCILER, nph., mobetoli 6
boboto.
RECONCILIATION, ., bobondl,
mobembdno, bobetwi bo bobbto.
RECONNOITRE, vt., kengele (kenge).
RECONSIDER, .-///., kanisa bisa.
RECORD, vt., sono.
(document), //., lisono.
RECOUNT, vt., sakbla.
one's great deed-, i'/. , lobolo.
RECOVER, vs., betwa.
by seizure, vt. , katola.
lost article, vt., kundbla.
(from illness), vs., koswa; vt.,
kbsola.
RECOVERY, ., likbswa.
RECRIMINATE, vph., butinya llbanza.
RECTIFY, vt., sembbla ; vc., yengibinya.
RECTITUDE, ., boyengebeni.
RECTUM, ., molindi.
RECUR, vs., butwa.
RECUMBENT, vs., tutuma, kenga
ma; 1 1"l, tuta, kenga.
RED, nph., bokobo bb mbndb ;u.,
botnondb, mbndo.

1
I

/
'

/
\

RED (continue'/).
hot, vin., tela, minge ; vc., tellsa, mengisa.
lead /!/> i., epwe e mbndb.
with blood, ph., bwe na molbngb.
REDEEM (bring back </ne who went
away), vc , bembisa.
(Imy), vt., sbmba.
(deliver, rescue), vt. , yelbla.
(free), vt., pusbla.
(pledge), vt., tukbla.
(remove from suffering), vt., kambbla.
REDEMPTION, n. , derive gerunds
/rom Wdrds under redeem as
meaning requires.
REDNESS, ., bombndb.
REDRESS, vt., sembbla; vc., yengibinya.
RE-DRESS (a wound), vph., kanga
bisa.
REDUCE, vt. , oabbla, cecolo, kokia (kokeme, koke/.
little by lit/le, /:t., kbkolo, tenbla, tena; vs. , kbkwa, tenwa, tenya.
to powder by rubbing, vc., mulinginya; vs., mulungana;
in,l, mulungu.
REDUCED, vs., bosana; vii/. , seke, yondo, bonzo.
REDUNDANCE, .. mpula, mpondo.
REDUPLICATE, vc., kibisa.
REED (liollow stalk), //., mongenzu.
of instrument, n., lino.
(papyrusi, n., libuka.
REEF of rocks, /////. , etando 6 mabwa.
REEK, vph., kola ndumbele.
REEL (stagger), vs., yembeyembe,
tengatenga, pongopongo.
REFER, vt., tinda, sembbla.
to, '///. , loba na ntina e.
responsibility to ano/her, vpl/.,
bwakela mongenza.
REFERENCE, n., zambi.
REFINE, vph., kengisa kengelele.

REFINE-REJECT
REFINEMENT, iil'h., mambi ma
kengulele.
REFLECT, /-/ , bonda, simwinya ;
vs., ngondondolo.
light, v'//. , bwaka ncengi.
(of glass, as a face), i'.'., bonisa,
boninya.
REFLECTION (thought), ., bokanisi.
(likeness), ., lililingi (lilialingi).
obscure, ,".. . , limalima, lilalima.
REFORM, vt., betbla.
REFORMER, ., mobetoli.
REFORMATION, ., bobetoli.
REFRACTORY, vt., kila, kma, ybtola.
REFRACTORINESS, ., lokino, lokilo.
REFRAIN, ,-/'//.. simba nzbto.
REFRAINING from approaching a
relative for some reason or
none, //. , mokengo.
REFRESH, vt., betbla, nyengwisa.
REFRESHED, vph. , betwa nguya ;
vs., nyengwa; ////., nyengo.
REFRESHMENT (food), ., boli.
(drink), <//'//., ma nua.
room, //., molelo.
REFRIGERATE, vc., tillmisa.
REFUGE, nt'//., nongo e kbswa,
nongoe bbmba; //.. libbmba.
REFUGEE, ., mbombi.
REFULGENT, vs., cengebana.
REFUND, vc., butinya.
REFUSAL, ., lokilo.
final, nph., bobbyi piu.
to restore borrowed goods, n. ,
mbeke.
REFUSE, .-'., bbya, kanga, yila.
to accept denial or excuse, vt. ,
yika.
to conform, vt. , soko.
to go alone, vs., singana.
to honour, vt., minga.
to make terms without propitia i
tory offering, vs., sukasuka.
!
to obey, vt., minga.
(rubbish), ., miula.
REFUTE, './/;-. , limbbla lokuta.

REGALE, nph. , lambela elambo.

REGARD, vt. , sona.
iu<.\iu '!}', vt. , paka.
maliciously, v/., kunela, yunela ; /-/'/., ybkela ekuna.
slave as a free man, vph., pe . . .
boncolni.
(think about), 7/<., kanisa.
REGARDLESS, neg.ph., d kotbla
ka; vs., setetala; ind., setete'.
REGARDS (compliments), .//., miseso.
give my kind regards to, oncesela.
REGENERATE, vph., zalisa bisa,
bbtisa bisa.
REGENERATION, nph., bobbtibwi
bisa.
REGIMENT, . , etuluku.
REGION, ., ese.
REGISTER, vt., sono; ///., lisono ll mina.
REGISTRAR, nph., esono mina.
REGRET, vph., ybka mawa na
ewela & (before nouns), nowela (before verbs}.
one's heedlessness, vph., sima
lolanga.
REGULAR, vs., longbbana, cebwa; ind., cebe.
(of speech), vs., temwa.
make, vt., cebolo.
REGULATE, vc., longibinya.
REGULATION, ., mobcko.
make, vph., kete mobeko.
REHEARSAL, n., bokibisi.
REHEARSE, vc., kibisa.
REIGN over, vt., kbnga.
time of, .//'.. makbngela.
REIMBURSE, i'/., yuta.
REIMBURSEMENT, ., liyuta.
REINS, ///.. miliki mi tambwisa
bibwele.
REINSTATE, vc., butinya.
REITERATE, vc , kibisa._
REJECT insolently, vt., kambla.
on account of insufficiency, vt.,
yele.
tabooed article, 7'ph., kila ekila.

REJECT-RELIEF

( 432 )

R-EJECTED (of arbitration), vs., petangana, patangana.

entirely, ind., pin.REJECTION, .-, lokilo,

exclamation of, intj. , wo' !
REJOICE, vin., bioko.
RELAPSE, .-/'//., butwa mambiambisa.
RELATE, vt. , ta, tuta.
RELATION, be in, vrec , zalasana ;
see also RELATIVE.
RELATIVE, n., ebotd.
by marriage, n., boi, boboi [//.,
babol].
very ancient ancestor, n., nzalamakusa 5.
great-gieat-grandparent (pater
nal), n., ntimaka-nzoko 5.
great -grand parent (paternal), n.,
nkekene i.
great-grandparent (maternal), n. ,
mbbtaka-bana i.
grandparent (paternal), ., nko
ko /.
grandparent (maternal), nyankoko I, nkoko-nyango i.
father, n. , sango i.
mother, n., nyango i.
all paternal relations are called
basango, and ail maternal re
lations are called babbti or
banyango.
paternal uncle, nph., sango e
bongoi.
paternal aunt, nph. , sango e
mwene.
maternal uncle, nph., nyango e
bwele.
maternal aunt, uph., nyango e
ekomba.
children of one family, dph., ba
moi moko.
brother, his, dph. , dbweledmoi
moko na yeye.
sister, his, dph , d mwene 6 moi
moko na yeye.
brother of sister or sister of bro' thei, a . nkana i.
elder sister of sister or elder
brother of brother, //., moyebl.

RELATIVE (continued).
younger sister of sister or younger
brother of brother, ., molimi.
cousin,- as for sister or brother
with bongoi added in adj. cl.
wife's brother-in law, nph., mobali 6 bongoi; ., monyale.
wife's sister-in-law, nph. , mobali d mwene.
wife's brother calls brother-inlaw, mobali.
husband's sister-in-law, nph.,
mwasi d bongoi ; //., monyale.
husband's brother-in-law, nph.,
mwasi d bwele.
hu.sband's s/ster calls sister-inlaw, mwasi.
half relations -(bearing in mindthe usage of moyebi and molimi) are referred to -as- fol
lows.- an elder brother in re
spect of lather only, moyebi d
basango ; a younger brother
in respect of mother only,
molimi d bonyango.
step-rrlations art referred to_as .step-lather, nph., mobali d
nyango; step-mother, nph.,
mwasi d sango.
foster relations are referred to
with foregoing words as re
quired, followed by bobembisa
in adj. cl.
RELAX, vc., koisa.
hold, vc., nyengisa; ind., nyengele.
RELAXATION, ., boyomisi.

take, vc., yomisa.

RELEASE, vt., pusbla.
(sp<-ing), vt., pisbla.
RELENT, vin., ko ; vph., sabola
moi.
RELENTLESS, vin.. kbta.
RELIABLE, vph., komo boyambibwi.
RELIEF, n. (act.) bokosbli, (stat.)
likoswa.
(help), ii. , bomingi.

(433)

RELIEVE (assuage), vc., kblsa.

(carry for), vap., nyanyela.
from suffering, vt., kambbla.
(help), vt., sunga.
(take turn), vs., kitana.
(take away weight), vph., longbla bolito.
RELIGION (faith), ., boyambi.
RELIGIOUS, vph. , sona Nyambe;
,/''//. , na boyambi.
person , nph. , mome boyambi ;
n.. moyambi.
RELINQUISH, vt., sabbla.
RELINQUISHMENT, n., bosabbli.
RELISH, vph., sanzbla boli.
(something tasty), ., mompiekete.
RELUCTANCE (refusal), .,bobbyi.
(shame), n., ncon'i.
RELUCTANT, vt., bbya.
(feel shame), vph. , ybka nconi.
RELY on, vt., yamba, yambela ;
/"'h. , sunda nioluko sutu na.
REMAIN, /., bika; in,t., ki.
awake, vph., sbnga nteke.
awake all night, vph., yeisa
busa.
behind, ,-.-.. tikana.
in one place for a long time, vt. ,
kokola.
in same condition, vs., selengene.
(wait), vt., lila, lendela, lembisa.
REMAINDER, ., montika.
REMAKE, vt., bambata.
REMAND, vap.. bombela.
REMARK, n., zambi.
abusive, ., etwi.
angry, n., etaya.
(mention), ,-/.. sakola.
(see), vt., bo, bono.
REMARKABLE, adj , -ne.
thing, <i/''-., ll mpiipo.
REMEDY (medic/ne), ., mono.
(mend), vt., bamba, lengele
(longele).
REMEMBER, vt., yindbla (yinzbla.
a person, vph., kundola moto
o molbko.

RELIEVE-REMOVE

REMEMBER (continued).
after first forgetting, vs., yebwa.
matlers of long ago, vph., ku
ndola mambi.
me to tlie friend, oncesela moninga.
one's !oolishness in rejecting fjood
counsel, vph., alma lolanga.
REMIND, vc., limbwisa, ebisa.
REMINDER (as a piece of string
tied on the finger), ., mosunga.
REMISS, vs., lingalinga, lembalemba.
REMIT (debt, etc.), vt., sabola.
REMNANT, . , montika.
REMONSTRANCE, //., libanza, bokasi.
REMONSTRATE, vt., kasa, banza.
REMORSE, vp//., tiyela nzbto.
REMOTE (distance), ., mosika.
(time), !n, l.. kala-kala, kala,
peke-peke.
REMOVE, vt., kamba, tbmba (b is
to).
(lake away), vt., longbla (b is
from).
by pulling easily, vt., nyblo
vs., nyblwa.
charge 'mm gun, vt. , ybsbla
kwakbla.
dwellings, etc., vt., kumbla.
entirely, vt., kundola.
(from a place), vt.. labbla.
from gia-p, vt. , katbla.
[lo.
from leaning posi/ion, vt. , yekofrom one place to another, vt.,
labbla.
from sorket, vt., ybngbla.
(from sticking), vt., kakbla, bandbla.
from suspension, vt., bakbla,
pakbla.
from temporary hiding place,
t''.. yisbla.
gloss, ,-/ , kolbla.
leaves, vt., walbla.
to distance, vt., tangbla, seimisa.
violently or wrongfully, vt., ybsolo, kwakola.
F F

REMU-RESERVE

( 434 )

REPORT (rontinued).
REMUNERATE, vt., yuta.
of gun, //., nkangala.
REMUNERATION, ., liyuta.
of gun, faint, n., epa.
REND, vt., kala, kaka, yatbla,
REPOSE,
vs., tutuma ; ind., tuta ;
yata ; vs. , kalwa, kalwangan., boybmisi, ngbli.
na, kayangana, kaiwangaREPREHEND, vt., yeka. kasa.
na.
RENDER (payment), vpf/. , kala REPRESENT, vc., yullsa.
(in place of), pph., b nongo e.
mombale, yuta mombale.
(tell), vt., sakbla.
(perform), vt., kela, baka.
REPRESENTATION, ., esakwela._
(translate), vt., zengbla.
(l<keness <, ., boyuli, lililingi
RENDEZVOUS, nph., nongo e yb(lillalingi).
ngana.
REPRESENTATIVE, n., mongweRENEW, vt., betbla.
nde ; colq. , llso.
RENEWER "f previous customs, //.,
REPRESS, vc., simbisa.
mobetoli.
REPRIEVE, vph. ,sundlsalikaniba,
RENOUNCE, vt., sabbla.
simbisa likamba.
RENOVATE, vt., betbla.
REPROACH, vt., banza; ., llRENOWN, //., lumu, montala.
banza, mbanzo, nconi.
RENT (for hired article), n. , nco(put to shame), vt., semolo.
mbi.
REPROBATE, nph., mome nzbkb(hire), vt., sombo.
(hole), //.. lilusu (etusu), liiisu.
kb.
RENTS (full of), vs., kalwangana, REPRODUCE, vt., sbkolo; vc., yukaiwangana, kayangana.
llsa.
REPAIR, vt., bamba, lengele.
REPRODUCTION, ., esbkoli.
REPAY, vc., butinya.
REPROVE, vt. , kasa.
REPTILE, ., enangananga.
REPEAT, vc., kibisa.
an action, vt. , bandbla.
REPUDIATE, vt., tbna.
REPUGNANT, adj., -be.
(imitate), vt., sbkolo.
REPEL, vc., bengisa.
REPULSE, vc., bengisa.
REPENT (feel sorry), vph., ybka REPULSIVE, adj., -be.
mawa.
REQUEST, vt., bbndela (the pre/'.
na must be used b/fore the name
(change the mind), vph., yenza
molbko.
of person from whom a thing is
REPENTANCE, nph., boyenzi mo
requested.
lbko.
REQUIRE, vt., te'ma.
REPETITION, ., bokibisi.
REQUIREMENT, ., botemi, loteREPINE, vs., kblololo; ind., kbmi.
lolo, kblolu.
REQUISITE, vp., temibwa.
REPLACE, vc. , butinya.
I REQUITE, vt., yita ; vc., bukinya.
REPLENISH, vc., nyallsa.
RESCIND, vt., sungbla, senzbla,
REPLETION, ind., ngbau.' [mpi.
boma, yunzbla.
after very little food, ., ndbbi, RESCUE, vt., yelbla.
REPLY, vt., bekbla, yanbla; . , ! RESEARCH, make, vt., loboto;
eyanb, mobekb.
ini/., lobotu.
anyhow, n.pl., masongi.
RESEMBLE, vt., yula; vs., yulana.
REPORT, vt., sakbla, ybbolo; n., RESENT, vt., yunzbla.
munya, mosakb.
RESERVE, vt., buila ; vs., bula(noise), //., ekindo.
ma; ///./.. bule.
(fame). n., lumu [pl., nzumii],
(bide), >-'/., bbmba.
(lokumu) ; montala.
(keep), vt., kata.

( 43S )

RESERVE (continued).
speak without, -r 'l'h., bola mambi.
RESIDE alone, vs., lombbmbala ;
/////., lombombo.
with, ;'///., kula ezalela or
mbbka na.
RESIDENCE, ., ezalela, mbbka.
chief, n., bombbka.
of male only, //., bondenga.
RESIDUE, n., montika.
RESIGN an office, v.'., sabola.
oneself to, vt., sabola.
RESIGNATION, ., bosabbli.
RESIN, various kinds of, ., molangi, nclangi, mpaka, mbib,
molaka.
RESIST, vt., ngendolo; vc., simbisa ; vph. , teme ngendb.
RESOLUTE, vs. , ngendwa.
RESOLUTION, iee KESOLVE.
RESOLVE, vt., kana; //., mokand.
RESONANCE, n.colq., zelu, (zoll).
molika.
RESONANT, vs. , lungusana.
RESORT, vin., ke.
RESOUNDING (echo), n., mpompoli.
so as to intermingle sounds, ind. ,

kblbkb-kolok'o.
RESPECT, 7'/., sona, kakisa, yeya,
(sekinya) ; n. , bosoni.
God, ;-///.. sona Nyambe.
RESPECTABLE, vs., longbbana.
RESPIRE, -.'///., sundlsa mpbma.
RESPITE, vc., simbisa.
RESPOND, vt., yanbla; vph.,
bwaka eyanb ; vin., yimisa.
RESPONSE, ., eyanb.
RESPONSIBLE for, become, vt., yamba.
RESPONSIBILITY assumed for an
other's debt, etc., . , nzambi.
deny, vl'h., bwaka mongenza.
for some wrong-doing, ., etumii.
referring responsibility to another,

/!., mongenza.
REST, vin., ybmlaa.
day, i!., eyengd.

RESERVE-RETAIN

REST (confirined).
from active trading, vph., l6mbisa mombbngd.
some number short of the lastnamed decimal number, . ,
nceki.
[sutu.

satisfied, 'vl'h., sundisa molbko

RESTAURANT, ., molelb.
RESTING-PLACE, ., eybmisela.
RESTITUTION, ., bobetbli, bobutwi, bobutinyi.
RESTIVE, vs., nbnganbnga.
RESTLESS, i//'l, kbsa-kbsa, kbso-kbsb, bulii ; v///.. nbnga.
on account of approaching death,
vs., sebene, selebene.
RESTLESSNESS, ., ekoseli, mokblongano, mokbso.
RESTORATION, ., bobetbli, bobetwibwi.
RESTORE, vt. , be'tbla.
to favour, vap., bembclc.
RESTORED to health, vph., be'twa
nkinki.
RESTRAIN, ,;-., yubisa, simbisa.
forc<bly, vt., yika.
a tendency to fall, thing put to,
n., mpiko; vt., silla [silama, sile].
RESTRAINED, ind., sume.
in speech, vph., ybka munya
sume.
RESTRAlNT,OT.,kiba; /W.,Uibe.
on one's feelings, ., mpiko.
RESTRICT, vt., kete.
a wile to one husband, or husband
to one wife, vph., kete mongili.
RESULT, see EFFECT.
from, vph., kuma b (yuma).
RESUME, vap., butwela.
RESURRECTION, . , masekwela.
RESUSCITATE, vt. , sekbla.
RETAIL, vph., teke bokakbla.
flu/ds, v/., tekolo.
RETAILER of flesh meat, nph., esese ebwele.
RETAIN, vt., simbisa, kata.
knowlrd^e of evil until good
dvin.ce for revealing it, vt.,
knngla, ynne'la.

RETAIN-RIDGK

( 436 )

RETAINERS, ., bongili.
RETALIATE, vc., bukinya.
RETARD, vc. , yungwisa, simbisa.
RETCH, vs., sekubana, sekuma;
(o/ mii) 7'-., lokubana ; vph.,
lua loku-loku.
RETENTIVE, dph., na litimi li
batela.

-ness, ., lokatako.
RETICENT, vs., kamakama, simbasimba.
RETINUE, ., bongili.
RETIRE, vph., butwa wali; vs.,
walibana; in,l., wall,
(live alone), , ' .. lombbmbala.
RETIREMENT,
.,
molombombalo.

RETRACE, vph. , bila mbbndb.

RETRACT, vt., boma; vc., sillsa.
RETREAT, vs., butwa, zubwa.
RETRENCH, vt., nuete,
RETRIBUTION, ., moyitako.
RETRIEVE, v<,, betola.
RETROGRADE, vph., butwa mambiambisa.
RETURN, vs , butwa; vc., butinya.
back, vph., butwa mambiambisa.

no, ndj., bobele-bobele.

present, give, vph., yenza nzenza.
to get wbat has been left behind,
vt., yukbla.
thin.- not paid for, vt., yundbla
(wundbla).
without a ,car from the fight,
,-/'//., butwa kolo.
REUNION, nph., bobutwi b boputani.
REVEAL, vt., kusbla ; in l.. kusu,
kuso.

a peiN <n'- name, vph. , bola llna.

REVEL, vph. , le boyokbtana.
(<lo wiih av/dit- ). -''.. sokbtana.
REVENGE, vc,, buklnya; vt., yita.
REVERE, vt., sona.
REVERENCE, . bosoni.
shown toward, Qud, .n$h. , boso. nl Nyambe.
,
'REVERENT, /iph., na bosoni.

REVERSE, this requires to be further

defined, as either lokenge lb
moi or lokenge lb mbisa.
REVERT, vph., butwa mambiambisa.

REVIEW (look at), vt., keka.

(call up tn mind), vt., yindbla
(yinzbla).
REVILE, vt., mungbla, sisbla.
REVISE, vph., keka nose'mbola.
REVISION, nph., bokeki bo bosemboli.
REVIVE, vt., betola.

a dying person, vt. , saka.

REVOKE, vt. , boma, yunzbla, senzbla; iii<l, bomu.
REVOLT, vt., yunzbla.
REVOLTING, ind., sbku-sbku, sobi-sobi ; .////.. na manyali.
REVOLUTION, ., lozblongana.
REVOLVE, vs., xblbngana; ind.,
zblolo.
REWARD, vt., kbnda; ., likbnda, mokbndo.

woman for allowing illicit inter

course, vph. , pe ekbbo.
RHEUMATISM, n. , lltuku, nkongongb.
RIB bone, nph., lokwa lb lobanze.
bone, big, nph., mokangu mb
lobanze.
RICE, ., losb.
RICH, vs., ngandandala, kandandala ; sud. , kandanda,
ngandanda, nyenge.
and there/ore chief person, .,

monanga.
become, vin , konza.
person, ., mokuli, nkuli.
RICHES, .//., bienda biyenda .
RIDDLE, nph , ece e bobwakana.
RIDE (upon), vs., yake'ma (b).
RIDGE of enr/h, //.. lobanda.
of roof. ., moyundola (moundola).
of ruof, balf finished, ., monku-

ta.
of plants, etc.. n.. lokanda.
pole, ., mbbnga, motondb.
pole, put on, vph., yakla mbb.
nga.
. - ..-/,. - ; j

('437 )

RIDICULE, ., likengwa ; vt. , kengolo.

RIDICULOUS, ind., pusu-pusu,
PUSUsU ; vs. , pusungana.
article, ., epupu.
make, vc., pupisa.
make appear, vt., kengolo.
person, //.. ebubu.
talk, .//., bilobaloba.
RIDICULOUSNESS, ., epb.
RIFE, vs., biilangana.
RIFLE, ., bondbki.
RIFT, n., mpososo.
RIG, vc. , swisa.
RIGHT, vs., longbbana, yongebene ; ,'!.. kbmo.
fa right to do), vt., yisa.
all, iiph., zambi te; aph., se
bbngo.
(authority), ., monkandi, llese.
(good), adj., -lamu.
hand, :/''h.. likanza ll mobali.
make, vt., sembola.
side of anything, mobali is used
in adj. cl., as right arm, lobokb
lb mobali.
[tbla.
side up, put, vt., bumbbla, kuturn, vt , sekbla.
RIGHTEOUS, vs., yengebene.
RIGID, vs., kasangana, nganzangana ; ind. , nganzanga.
RIGOUR, ., bokbti.
RIM of bottle, ., mobanga.
of vessel, //., mobekako.
RIND, ., eteke.
cut off, vt. , polbla.
RING, . , libaku.
bell, i<ph., bete eyengele.
bell, loudly, vs., belinginya ;
vs., belengene ; //. , ebelengeni.
of people, . , lilinga.
for strap of gun, ., ekokila.
of wire on end of stick, . , ebold.
RINSE, vt., kulbla.
RIOT, //.. ekbkele.
RIP, vt., kala, yatbla, yata, kaka; vs., kalwa, kalwangana, kaiwangana, kayangana.

RiDI-RlVET

RIFE, vt., kbkbla. sola, tola;

adj. , -telu.
RIPEN (mature), vin., sola.
(of fruit which turns red or yel
low), vin. , tola.
RlPPLE, ., enengu ; vs., nengubana, nenguma ; ind. , nengu-nengu.
RISE (as dough leavened), vin., luluba (yuluba<.
(as dust), vs., yumbwa.
(as passions, thoughts), vin., to.
(as smoke), vs. , tutwa.
(as sun), ,-.. netwa.
[mi.
before daybreak, vph., kete ebibegin to (of water), vs., nyalwa.
first of water after eseu, uph.,
mbatela-miliba.
from recumbent position or from
the dead, vs., sekwa.
get up as from reclining into a
sit/ing posture, vph., sekwa
bwa.
(increase), vin. , bula.
late after everybody has been
about for a long time, vph. ,
yungbla likanga.
(of river), vin., cinza.
of river after mwanga, n.. molelenge.
medium rise after molelenge, n.,
nzobolo.
high, in December, ., mpela.
(stand up), vin., teme.
(to the surface), vs., lundwa.
(to view), vin., pbla, pima /bima'.
up hastily and go, vs., ngunzwa ;
.yV/., lunza lobangu.
RISK, n., monyoko.
one's life, ;'///.. sabbla nzbto.
(unceriaintv), . , mokakatano,
maunga (mayunga).
RIVAL, vap. , belela, wela; . ,
mobeleli.
RIVER, ., ebale.
bed, dry, n. moboku.
gra-s, n., ekokb ; see a!so GRASS.
inland (torrent), //., mokeli.
RIVET, vt., netele; . , ncete e
bonetele.

ROAD-ROUND

(438 )

ROAD, H., nzela.

curved, ., libunu.
hard, nph. , mokili mo nzela.
private, nph., nzela o esanyange.
straight, //., molblb.
ROAM, vs., nyengana, bibngana,
kblangana, kblbngana, ca
bana, nyabana.
about in search, vt., sbndo ;
i'/'., sbndibana; ind., sbndisondi.
ROAR, vs. , lblwa, zuka.
(as fire), vs., tbtwa,
excessively, vs., lblwangana.
(make a thundering noise), vin.,
lunza.
(of water in cataracts or in boil
ing), vin., bunza.
(of w/ld animals), vin., soka.
(shriek), n., mwange.
ROAST, vt., kanga, tumba.
ROB, vt. , yiba.
(pillage), vt., punza.
(take by force), vt.,yosolo, kwakbla.
ROBBER, //., ekulu.
ROBBERY, highwav, ., nzunzb.
ROBE, n., limputa, lipbpela.
ROBUST, dph., na nkinki.
ROCK, n., libwa.
(as boat), vc., monginya ; vs. ,
mongana.
salt, //., monceke.
ROD (brass), n., longele (lingonyo .
for stirring food, ., mokulumba.
(used for punishing), ., mbembo.
ROGUERY, n., ekuna.
ROGUISHNESS (prankishness), .,
bonzoli, mozobo.
ROLL, /'/. , linga [lingama, linga].
(as canoe), vs., mongana.
down las tears), vin., tanga ; vs.,
kelimwa,
in waves, ;-///., keba.
(of ma/s, cloth), n., mobblo.
of padded savedlist worn as a
belt, it.. mongbbko.

ROLL (continued).
over, i.v., mungatana [bungatanal ; vc. , mungitinya ; /-/. ,
kalimbla, kellmbla, killmbla.
out, vt., pasbla.
up bi-tween hands, vt. , yoso.
ROLLER, ., lokili.
ROLLING of canoe, ., mombngo;
ind., bbnge'le.
up of mat in form of a snake,
nph., molingako mo nguma.
ROMAN Catholic priest, ., mpelu
5, nganga-nzambi I.
ROMANTIC, uph., na bolalola.
ROMP, vph., sana bokbti; nph.,
lisano likbti.
ROOF, n., mwanza.
ROOM, n., nongo, epose (eposi,
eposa).
in house, n., llsbko.
between, give, i't., cakbla.
none left, nph., mpika kio-kio.
plenty of, nph. , mpula e nongo.
to pass, give thou, vp//., ye yo b
nzbto.
(to put), ., mponya.
ROOMY, ind., sei-sei.
[ndi.
ROOT, //., lokanga, ntina, mwiROPE, n. , ekulu, mokulu.
of a special kind of fibre or wire,
n., mpangala.
ROT, vc., bbllsa; vin. , bblo; ind.,
bo-bo.
ROTATE, vs. , zblbngana ; ind. ,
zblolo.
ROTATION (turn), n., mokitano.
(turn round), n. , lozblongana.
ROTTEN, vph., peta pelete; vin.,
seta.

ROTTING tree, n., mokbko.

ROTUND, ind. , mingili.
ROUGH (of woodwoik). ind., kotokotb, kbbkbtb-kbokoto(kwbkbtb-kwokoto).
water, n., bwe'ta.
ROUGHLY dragged along, ind., kukulu-kukulu.
ROUND, ndj., likenga.
about, vt., zbnga; ind., zb, zbngb.

( 439 )

ROUND-SACRED

ROUND (continued),
RULE (continued).
about (no/ straight), go, vs., bb(manner), ., ezalela.
lbngana, yumbama ( wumba(measure), n., loteno.
ma) ; in -/.. yumbe, yumba.
RULER, ., loteno.
go, vs., zblbngana; ind., zolo(chi f), n., mokbngi.
ld.
RUMBLE, vin., lunza.
shouldered, vs., kbtbtala.
(of abdomen), vt. , bundbla,
ROUNDED off, vs., kumingana.
nyabula.
ROUNDNESS of back, ., ebolo.
RUMINANT animal^, nph., bibwele bi noaka; various kinds
ROUSE, vt., yumbla.
arc, ., ngombo, mbata, ntato anger or fig'it, vt., tumbla.
ba, and antelopes, which see.
ROUTE, n. , nzola.
Row boat or canoe, vph., luka or RUMMAGE, vt., balbla.
lukUa n'cui ,/'' bvii jngi.
RUMOUR, a , munya, lumu.
i if houses, ., mosenge.
RUMP uone, n.. ekensnge.
(of things, or people), n., loya- RUN a race, vph., bsla mpala or
ld, molrago (manga, pl, , mid- .
mpalala, bunisa lobangu.
after, vt.\ bila.
nga), ekala, eyalo.
(riot), n., ekokelu.
aground, vt., kbnza ; vs., kbROWDY, vs., pamangana.
nzama ; ind. , konza.
away /rum, vt., katbla (b is to).
ROWER, ., moluki.
ROYAL, ,lph., na bokdnzi.
away to another master, vs., kbROYALTY, -iph . ba-bokonzi.
bana.
RUB, v., kola, kula, ainga, su(of w/ite< ), vin., leka.
ngbla.
over (be sp<lled), vin., swa.
(with legs), vph., nyanya or
(clothes), -'/. , nyuka.
eyes, vph., nyukuta miso.
mime lobangu.
(fray), vt., kulola.
RUPTURE, v., tubya; ., lltubo.
RUSH, vph., ya -/- ke milunza.
in pass.ng, i't., kukuta.
skins off seeds, vc , cekinya.
awa- , vs., ngunzwa.
together, vc., kollnginya.
far away (as m^t^/ir), vs. , tetwa.
violen/ly, vt. , kusa.
]//< -I, vs., kolbmwa.
RUBBISH, ./'/., miiila.
RUST, //. , bilokisa, nkakatu ;
heap, n , zalaka, zilekele.
/v"//.. loka; vc., lokisa.
heap for burning, n. , libembe.
RUSTED, ind., loki-loki.
RUCK, vs., nyunyungana; vc., RUSTLE, vs., wosbngana; vc.,
nyunyunginya.
wosinginya ; ind. , wosoRUDDER, ., moiko (moyiko).
woso.
RUDE, ',"., nganyabana; ind.,
RUT, //., mobabali.
nganya-nganya.
RUTS in groun I, make (of rain),
RuniMENT, ., ebandela.
vt., yundbla.
RUFFLE, vt., bumela.
RUG, n I'l/., nkamba ekoti.
ft
RUGGED, vs., bengetana; ///,/.,
bengete.
SABBATH, ., Eyenga, ncono ene.
RUIN, n., libiu, losild.
SABLE, adj., -yindo.
(of a house), ., ebundwela.
SABRE, //., botale.
RUINOUS, vph., butisa libomi.
SACK (a village), vt., kubbla.
RULE, vt., kbnga.
(bag), ., likoba.
(law), n., mobeko.
-cloth, ., ngotb, monyuku.
lines, vph. , sono mintili.
SACRED, vs., bulama; ind., bule.

SACRr-SANGUINE

( 440 )

SACRIFICE, /-///., boma moboma ;

///-/'., bomu.
(gilt), n., likabo.
(u<k-<<m; <, . , ekima.
(thing lub.d), n., moboma.
SACRILEGE, commit, vfh., sumbisa clcilfi.
SAD, aiij. , -be.
(dull, pensive), vph., komomolo
na mawa.

(sorrowful), dph. , na mawa.

SADDEN, vph., ybkisa mawa.
SADNESS, n., limongi, mawa.
SAFE, ind., ngbi (ngwi), kbso ;
i-.'.. kbswa.

conducl, //''//.. epose e leka.

(good), adj., -lamu.
-guard, ii., esimbisela.
(of hidingi, ind., kwb used with
bbmba.
place, n?'h. , nongo e ti.
SAFETY, n., likbswa.
belt, nph., moncengb mo liko
swa.
valve, nph., elibo e bonuetinya.

SAG, 'vl'h. , yumbama poi.

SAGACIOUS, vin., yele.
SAGACITY, n., mayele.
SAID, it is said that,///., e- or likolobibwa ete.
SAIL (of bna/), n/'</'!.. elamba e
mompe; ;-/., nanga ; ;"///.,
titwa na mompe.
(of bird), vs., palwa, palwangana.
ho, intj., selo!
[selbla.
ho, to greet vessels with, vt.,
SAILOR, nph , mosali d bwengo.
SAKE, ., etondb, ewela, mobeld, ntina.

SALARY, ., mbemba.
SALE, have no, vt., tula.
(auction), n., mondoko.
(market), . , liboko.
profitable, ., llbebolo.
SALESMAN, n., moteki.
SALIVA, ., ncoi, ntei.
dribbling, n.pl., mangongu.
SALIVATE, vph., lekisa mango
ngu.

SALIVATION,

suffer with, vph.,

leka mangongu.
SALT, , mokwa ; //. , miokwa.
bag of, nph., mbenza e mo
kwa.
from mabuka, ., esingi.
European, ., peli-pell 3.
from ekbko, ii~//., monkoko
mo mokwa.

lumpy kind, ., monguta.

into mouth with food, put, vph.,
tendolo munya.
SALTLESSNESS, n., bobiba.
SALTS, Epsom, ., bulukani.
SALUBRIOUS place, nph., nongo e
nkinki.
SALUTARY matter, nph., zambi ll
ewela e bolamu.
SALUTATION, ., mose'so.
SALUTE, vt., sesa.
a fetish, vt., sc'sola ; vph., ta
miseso.

in dancing, the dancer dancing

in front of the one he salutes,
. , linganza.
SALVATION (bring safe), ., bokoswi, likbswa.

(being saved), ., bokoswibwi.

(saving), . , bokosoli.
SAME, in the same way or just the
same, aph. , se lokbln.
SAMENESS, n., likulu, ndando.
SAMPLE, ., ndakisa.
SANCTIFICATION, n.. (stat.) bobulami ; (act. ) bobulil.
SANCTIFY, vt., bulia [bulama,
bule].
SANCTIMONIOUS, vph., ndelengene na bopetwi.

SANCTION, n., epose; vph., tika

in- pe epose.
[lami.
SANCTITY, ., bopetwi, bobuSANCTUARY, nph., ndako e bobulami.

SAND, grain of, . , lonzelo.

-bank, i/., bbke; //., moke.
-fly, ., ekukutu.
-paper, n. , esese.
SANE, -////., na miso ti.
SANGUINE, dph., na ellkia; vt.,
likia.

( 441

SANITARY convenience, place of,

n.. bonkombb, bonkondi.
SANTONINE, . , santoninl 3.
SAP, i/.f!.. mankiki.
of a kind of creeper, ., monzombe.
thin, of trees, ., mangongu.
SAPWOOD, nph., monkundu mo
mwete.
SARCASM, ., llmungb, lisele.
SARCASTIC towards, vt., yembbla.
SARCASTICALLY address a person,
/-'., sole.
SASH of window, np//., moango
mb batalatala.
SATAN, ., Satana.
SATCHEL, ., mpenge.
SATIATE, vc., yutisa.
SATIETY, ., zuta; vph., yuta
zuta, yuta ngbau.
SATISFACTION, ., liyuta, zuta.
of justice, n.. liyuta, mauta.
with hut little food, ., mpi,
ndobi.
SATISFIED, vin., yuta.
rest, j'/"//., sundlsa molbko
sutu.
SATISFY (hunger), vph., koisa
nzala, selmisa nzala, tilimisa nzala.
(thirst), ,-/., koisa mpbsa e
nua, and with seimisa and
tillmisa similarly qualified.
SATURATE, vs., nyengisa; /nd.,
nyenge-nyenge.
SATURDAY, n/'//. , ncono ek'-eke ;
<-. . sabala 3.
SAUCE, ///'//., mai ma noai, mai
ma momplekote.
SAUCEPAN, npH., mpotb e lamba.
SAUCER, ///'//., lilongo ll nkeni.
SAUCINESS, . , nganya.
SAUCY, </ph., na nganya. [ngali.
SAVAGE, vin., ngala ; ind , ngaliperson, n.. nzanga i.
SAVAGENESS, ., nkanda, nkelele (llali).
SAVE (except), pph. , tu se.
(make well or recover), vt., kb. sola.
(not spend), vt., bomba.

S'ANI-SCAMfER

SAVEDLIST, ., nkamba.
superior sort of blue, ., mbblb.
openly woven, n., monyanga.
SAVIOUR, ., mokbsoli.
SAVOUR, ., ncai.
SAW, ., so 3, esb 3, likwakwa,
mosimano, mosumani.
crosscut, np//., eso e kete.
dovetail, nph., eso e ybngia.
frame, /''//. eso e mwango.
keyhole, nph., eso e lilusu.
panel, nph., eso e pano.
pit, /////., eso e libe'la.
ripping, nph. , eso e yatola.
tenon, nph., eso e ybngia.
crosswise, vt. , kete.
lengthwise, vt. , yatbla, yata.
dust, //l'h., mpumbu ll miete.
SAWYER, nph. , mosali d eso.
SAY, vt., loba. In quoting, the
verb loba is omitted and the
pronoun is used with an abbre
viation of ete, and the phrase
may be rendered in the past,
present or future as the sense o/
the sentence requires.
ngai'te, I say or said ; bisb'te,
we say or said.
yo'te, thou sayest or saidst ; binb'te, you say or said.
yeye'te, he says or said ; bangb't6, they say or said.
SAYING, //., liloba, zambi.
(proverb). , ekblbngb.
SCAB, nph. , eteke e mpbta.
remove, . '/. , pbsbla, pomolo ;
ind., pb.
take off purposely, vt., toba, to-

bbla.
SCABBARD, . , lilako.
SCAFFOLD, n.pl., bitaka.
SCALD, vt., lika.
hcad, n , mampaka.
SCALE, vin., bata.
(for tn ing weights), ., emeko
cbolito; //.. emeko.
SCALP, ii., lingamba.
wound, .,lobonza.
SCAMP, ., mokutinyi.
SCAMPER, vs., walibana ; ind.,
wali.

SCAN-SCRAWL

( 442 )

SCAN, ,.'/., keka, menga.

SCANDAL, n. , motango, bdcbtbmbi.
SCANDALIZE, vt., tanga, kbtbmba.
SCANDALOUS, vph., kbmo boyakwi.
SCANTY, in/l., mwa; this precedes
the noun.
cloth'ng, possession of, ., bobwale.
SCAR, n.. osiya.
SCARCE, vp., sengibwa, yendibwa.
SCARCELY, use the participle of coincii/ence to express this idia /
scarcely had he entered the
house when he fell sick, e well
yeye b ndako mpe mikonele.
(not yet), the basket i, scarcely
full, moseka mbnga nani
etomba, moseka monga nde
nani d nyala ka.
SCARCITY, ., boyokb.
SCARECROW, nph., eloko & pakisa.
SCARF (carpentry), vph., ouca boyikaka ; nph. , licuca ll boyikaka.
SCARIFY, vt , yatbla, yata.
SCATTER, vt., miakela; vc., cakinya, balinginya.
SCATTERED, vs., balangana; vs. ,
cakana ; ind. , oa.
about, in,l., pusu-pusu, pususu; . ',-., pusunsana.
SCATTERING, ., elale.
SCENE, //., lobono, ekeki.
SCENT, ., ncolo.
(as dog), vs., lumbetela, yumbetela.
of flowers, ., boimbo (boyimbb).
pleasant, of food. ., likmdi.
SCEPTIC, nph., moyisi d mwele.
SCEPTRE, ., montuma, esino,
montumu. This is generally
in Bnbangi an elephant's tail,
ii., cpiinza.
SCHEME, ., moango (moyango),
vt., yanga.

SCHISM, n., mokakwand.

SCHISMATIC, ., mokakwani.
SCHOLAR, n., moyekoli; nph.,
moyekasani d minkana.
SJHOLARSHIT, ., b jekoli, moyekasand na minkana.
SCHOOL, ., sukulu 3, eyekwela.
ft How, nph., moninga moye
koli.
master, i/., moyekwisi.
room, ., eyekwela.
SCIATICA, ., lltuku.
SCIENCE, ., boyebi.
SCISSORS, // pl. , mabutabuta, maketekete, makasi.
SCOFF, vt , bingbla.
SCOLD, vt., banza.
SCOOP, . , nzosl.
for bal/ng out water, ii. , mongangu.
out, vt., pbkbla.
SCOOPING out, ., epbkbli.
SCOPE (intention), n., mokano.
(range), i/., nongo.
SCORCH, 'vc., likisa, babbla.
SCORE, .//., makwabale.
SCORIA, .//., makele.
SCORN, vt., nuya, bingbla.
SCORPION, n., nkotb. Various
kind-. of, //.. llmbobc ll nko
tb, mole-mbila.
SCOUR, -.-/., kola, kula, sungbla.
SCOURGE, ., mbembb; vt., nyiba, kuta.
SCOUT, ., nkengi, mokengi.
SCOWL, vp//., yimba elongi.
SCRAMBLE, vap., wela, belela.
SCRANCH, vt., bokbta.
SCRAPE, vt., wala.
get into, vap. , kule'la.
off (as mud), vt., sungbla.
SCRATCH, . , esingi; vt., kwata.
(of fowls), vin., cala; vs., oalangana.
uiV, vt., tonbla, tonybla, tbnyolo.
one another (as things badly
packed), vs., walana, kolana.
SCRAWL, vph., zengetana na bosoni.

443 )

SCREAM, vs., kamangana; vph.,

yula mongunga ;
ngunga.

. , mo

(of eagle), vph., kala kwo-kwo.

(of parrot), vin. , yaba.
SCREEN, n., mopbti.
SCREW, n., ncete; />//., ncete e
mangoti, ncete 6 boyotolo;
vl.. yotolo.

driver, ///., moyo toli mo ncete.

of gun trigger, nph., llso li nkamba.

propeller, . , nkai, nkbngb.

spanner, n /''/., moyotbli mb boyangaka.
SCRIBBLE, vph., sono bisonosonb.

SCRIBE, //.. mosoni.

SCRIMMAGE, ., boweli, bobeleli.
SCRIP, ., mpenge.
SCRIPTURAL, vph., zala or nga b
masono.

SCRIPTURE, n., lisonb (mosono).

SCROLL, ., mobblo.
SCROTUM, ., mpolo, lopolo.
SCRUB, see SCOUR.
SCRUBBING brush, nph., eyombbli
e kola.
SCRUPULOUS, vph., kelase bokengele.
SCRUTINY, nph., bokengele bb

litimi.
SCUFFLE, vap. , wela, bele'la.
SCULL, vt., benbla.
SCULPTOR, ///''//., mosengl d mabwa.
SCUM, n., lobobe, lopulu, (lowulu) loulu [/''., mpulu].
SCURF, //.. llsoi, losoi.
SCURRY, vs., walibana; ind.,
wali.
SEA, //., libeke.
SEA-COAST, nph., libbngo ll mabeke, libbngo li mai ma mokwa.
SEAL, ., elembo.

with staling wax, vt. , lipa.

SEALING-WAX, //., ndangi, molangi.
SEAM, //. , motongo.
SEAR, vc., nyitisa; ,-///.. nyita.

SCREAM-SECRET

SEARCH, vt., sondo; vs., sondibana ; ind., sondi-sondi.

for, vt., tbmbo (saka, yenga) ;
colq., yama.
for (glean), vt., tobila ; ind., tobi-tobi.

for (in water), vt., linda.

of, go in, vt. , bila.
SEASON, ., mcea, mobu.
./c^'^spring, summer, autumn,
winter, no terms are to be found
in native speech. as the seasons
are not marhed as thiy are in
Europe and oeher places, but
for reference and translation
the following terms are sug
gested / autumn, moca mb
manyitela; winter, moca mb
mpio ; spring, moca mb matoele ; summer, moca mb
masolela.

annual i i.-e of water in December,

., mpela.
ebb after mpela about January,
n.. mwanga.
slight rise alter mwanga, .,
molelenge.

rise after molelenge about MayJune, ii., nzbbolo.

end of nzobolo, and beginning of
eseu, ., molengo.

low water alier nzbbolo about

July-August, .,eseu(esebu);
sobriquet for eseu, . , lokalamba.
slight rise afler eseu, ., mbatela-miliba.
SEASONING, ., mompiekete.
SEAT, ., ekili, mbata, ngwende ; vph. , koka bozali.

take a, vph. , zala bwa.

SECEDE, vph., longwa wall.
SECLUDEDNESS, ., bompenza.
SECOND, sie ORDINAL numbers.
(of time), //.. sekbnde 3.
SECRECY, n., bombala, nkuku.
SECRET, dph., li nkuku.
Ueep, vph., bbmba zambi or li
nkuku.

knowledge, //., ncbnooli. [leu.

tell a, vph. , ttola zambi ll nku-

SECRE-SELL
SECRETARY, ., mosoni.
SECRETE, i<t., bomba.
SECT, //.. mokakwano, ekakoli.
SECTION, n. , ekakoli.
SECURE, '<-/.. kanga, koto.
upon, vt. , katia [katema; ///,/..
kata].
SECURITY, ., ntuka.
give, vph. , yeke or yekia ntuka.
SEDATE, vs., mimwa.
SEDENTARY occupation, np//., lotomo lb bwa.
SEDIMENT, ., mbindi.
SEDITION, ., ekbkele.
SEDUCE, vt. , lombo, bongo, penge, pengolo, yengolo, lengbla, lenginya.
wife of another person, vt. , yangbla.
SEE, vt., bo, bono (yene).
allow one to, n-., bonisa ; vt.,
kesa (this is used in the im
perative only).
(find, happen upon), vc., kuminya.
(hear), vt. , ybka.
(know), vt., yeba.
(look), vt., keka.
off, vph. , kakana na.
plainly, vph., bono yetete.
(understand), vt. , sosolo.
SEED, //.. mombbto, lombolo.
of gourd kind, //.. lopusa.
of nut, ii.. mongenga.
(offspring), . , libota.
SEEDLING, .. lisongu.
SEEING that, nowela (before verbs),
na ewela & (before nouns).
SEEK, vt., tombo (saka, yenga) ;
ci'/q., yama.
a fellow of opposite sex at night
time, n. , mosengoli, montole.
by feebng for, vap. , yalela.
for everywhere, vt., sondo ; vs.,
sondibana ; ind. , sondisondi.
SEEM, vin., bonono.
SEEMLY, vs., longobana.
SEEN, vs., bonono.
allow to be, vc. . boninya.
not, vt., labia [labama, laba].

444
SEETHE, vt., lamba.
SEIZ.E, vt., kata.
a person while on his journey,
vt., buba.
(catch), vt., boka.
(grasp), vt. , bumba ; ind., bu.
(hold), vt., kata.
(plunder), vt., punza.
(pounce upon), vt., yosolo, kwakola.
(prey), vt., buta ; ind., kwaki,
(of animals) kwangi.
(snatch), vt., busa; ind., busi,
kwaki.
(take away by force), vt., katbla,
yosolo, kwakbla.
SELDOM, mwa with derivative o/
counted action.
SELECT, vt., solo.
SELECTED by lot, vph., kundwa
esenzako.
SELECTION, . , bosoli.
SELF, this is expressed by affixing
-me to the pronoun, or by
adding momene or mome
after the noun o/ pronoun.
-control, ., boyiketeli.
-control, lack of, vs., poibana;
ind., poi-poi.
-denial, nph., bobbyi bb nzbto.
-evident, dph., na nzbto ll polele.
-pra/sing, vph., kakisa nzbto.
-righteous, vph., yengebene b
nzbto ll yeye momene.
-sown, iidj. , etotb.
-sufficient, vph., koka b nzbto
ll yeye momene.
-willed ; he is self-willed, akokana se na yeyeme.
SELFISH, vin., yima, kunybla.
SELFISHNESS, ., loyima, eyu,
lokala, lokani (longb).
SELL, vt., teke.
above current price, vt., bebolo.
by auction, vph., teke mondo)co ; ., mondoko.
cheap, vt., pupbla.
fur ca>h, vph. , teke sika-sika.
liquids by reiail, vl., tekolo.
(of merchandise), vin., sala.

( 445 )
SELL (continued).
on debit, vt., lima.
other article by retail, vph., teke
bokakbla.
out completely, vph., teke bo.
'wholesale, vph., teke boyikbla;
7v'., yikbla.
SELVEDGE, n. , mobelo.
SEMEN, n.pl., makwa.
SEMI-CIRCLE. ., mokala.
SEMI-COLON, ., semikolbnd 3.
SEND, vt., tinda.
away, vc. , longwisa, tambwisa.
away (dismiss), vc., bengisa.
back, vc., butinya.
for, vt., bianga.
forth, vt., tinda.
on previously, vc. , bangisa, yambwisa.
quite away, -'t. , benga.
SENILE, vs., kotwa, kbba.
SENIOR, n., mpbmba, engenze,
motaki ; in adj. cl. moyebi
also has this meaning.
SENSATION, n., boybki.
SENSE, ., bosbsoli.
(meaning), //., ntina.
(wisdom), n., likbka, likani,
mayele, mutu.
SENSELESSNESS, n. , nzenzole.
SENSES, come to one's, vs. , se'kwa.
SENSIBI E, vin., kbka.
SENSITIVE plant (mimosa), ., llkelekese.
SENSITIVENESS, , loyambako.
SENSUAL mat/er, nfh., zambi li
mpbsa ll nzbto.
SENSUOUS ra^lter, nph., zambi
ll boybki nzbto.
SENT fur one thing and bring an
other, vs., yungatana, yungutana.
thing, n., motindo.
SENTENCE, n., elobela.
/n |.;m -tn, n., boseklsi.
SENTIMENT, nph., zambi ll momene.
SENTINEL, ., nkengi, mokengi.
SENTRY, ., ssnzali J.
perform the duties of, vin., sOnzele.

SELL-SET

SEPARATE, vt. , kakbla, bandbla,

kabbla, tangbla, seimisa ;
111,/. , tangala-tangala.
and fall to bottom of pot (of solids
in liquids), vs. , betetala ; ind. ,
betete.
SEPARATELY (one by one), nph.,
(m)oko na (m)oko.
SEPARATING and falling to bottom
of pot, i/., mobete.
SEPARATION of the edible and the
inedible in mouth, ., monkambi.
SEPULCHRE, ., liyita (llita, lilita, mombb [//., miombb]).
SERENE, ind. , cabe ; ndj., nyile;
/////., na esengb c biu.
SERF, //.. montamba.
SERIES, . , molongo (monga ; //. ,
mionga).
SERIOUS matter, nph., zambi ll
simwmya.
SERMON, ., liteyo.
SERPENT, n. , moseme.
SERPENTINE, ndj., mabunu.
SERRATE, vt., bongbla, bonbla.
SERRIED (of a crowd), dph., na
mpika.
SERVANT, n , mosali.
of a woman, n. , mwabondb ; pl. ,
babondb.
SERVE, vt., sala; vap.. salela.
(as with food), vc., yambisa.
(avail), vin., komo.
(be ol u,e), vfh. , kula lotbmo.
out, vc., yambisa.
up (food), vt., labbla.
SERVICE, n. , bosali.
eye, nph., bosali bb pele-pele.
Christian, n., boyembi.
Cbn,tian bu'-ial, nph., boyembi
bb bokundi.
[nya.
SERVIETTE, . , litwaya ll muSERVILITY, . bontamba.
SET, vs. , bitatala, ngindandala.
across (crosswise), vph , yekia
zeke-yeka.
again-t, vc., sbminya, senginya, sekinya.
ajar, 'v'., bengia [bengeme, benge].

SET-SHACKLE

( 446

SET (continued).
apart or as<de, vt.. tangbla, seimisa, bulia [bulama, bule].
at ease, vph., pe nyile.
at naught, vt. , kina, memolo,
bingbla.
before, 7-/'/-., kimisa brnbe.
by, -//. , bbmba.
down (write), vt. , sono.
down on ground, vt., lebolo.
down on ground heavily, A, somba.
eyes on, vph., kekati, cb, zu, or
bolamu.
fair (of day), r.t. , Jcangwa ; vph.,
kangwa bolamu.
forth (make to be seen), vc., boninya.
free, -<<l. , pusbla, lebolo.
in, vI'II. , banda.
in a line, i'/h., tandbla molongo.
in lots, i '/'//., tandola miiled.
in order, vt., sekele (cekele).
(of hen), vs., kukama; ind.,
kuka.
(of the sun), vin. , linda, limwa.
on fire, 'vt., tumba ; vc., likisa.
on (a person), vt., nyiba.
one person against another, vc.,
sbminya, sekinya, senginya.
one's mind on, vt., nono.
one's self to do, vph., bila nokela.
open, vph., tika polele, tika

pole.
out on journey, vph., banda mobembo.
(plant), vt., sika.
right, vt., lengele; vc. , komisa,
yingibinya.
sail, vs. , senzwa.
spring of trap, vt., yokia [ybkeme, ybko].
(table), vt., tandola.
teeth on edge, vph., bandlsa

mind.
trap, < / , bekia [bekama, beka],
up, vt., sika.
up (business), /-/., banda.
up (erect), vt., sika ; vc., temisa.

SETTING at variance, ., ncbminya.

SETTLE (become calm), vs., tillma.
(lall to bottom), vin., sunda.
(fix home, marry), vph., lengele
(mbbka).

(pay), vt., yuta, kala.

SETTLER of dispute, ., mokakoli; /////., moketi d zambi.
SEVEN, ., ncambo.
SEVENTEEN, nph., zomu na nca
mbo.
SEVENTEENTH, see
ORDINAL
numbers.
SEVENTH, see ORDINAL numbers.
SEVENTIETH, see ORDINAL num
bers.
SEVENTY, ., nyuncambo.
SEVER, vt., kwete.
a plantain, etc., vt., biba.
at one stroke, vph., kete bi.
entirely, vt., lengbla.
in half, vt., bitola.
partially, vs. , kutwa.
SEVERAL (each), nph., (m)oko na
(m)oko.
(mam), adj., -yike.
(other), a/j., -siso.
(some), adj., -oko.
SEVERE (great), adj., -ne.
heat, n., elangampali.
hold on, lay (ol cold, sleep,
shame), vt., kuta.
SEVERITY, ., bonganzi.
SEW, vt., tonga.
a patch on, vt., bamba.
SEWER of cloth, ., motongi.
SEWING, ., lltonga.
machine, nph., makina ma to
nga.
fasten off, vph., bomela ndimba.
place where thread is tied at end
of sewing, ., llbomela.
SEWN plnce, ., motongo.
SEX, nph., lolenge lb nzoto.
SEXUAL intercourse, hold, vin.,
kwana, siba.

maturity, a<rivc at, vin., puka.

SHACKLE, ., likosi.
(tie up), vt., kanga.

SHADE-SHEATH

( 447 )

SHADE, /////., nongo e ndili.

a light, ;;'///.. yeka meya.
the eves, vpl/., yekia likanza b
miso.
SHADOW, ., Ulilingi (lilialingi).
moving, ., liyelimisa.
SHAFT 0l paddle, n., mobala, mombongo.
of spear, ii. , mbala, mpandi.
of a machine, //., mbbnga.
SHAGGY, vin., yuka.
SHAKE, vs., bilima, cikana, tikubana; ;-///., wata, ninga ;
iv. , cikinya, ningisa; ind.,
oiki.

a cloth, ~'t., pupbla.

(as dog after being in the water).
vph., pupbla nzbto.
(dice), vt., cele.
hands with, vph., kata loboko
lb.
head up and down, vt., sbngia
[sbngema, songa].
(of tall trees in the wind), vs. ,
yimbeyembe.

oneself, vs., ningana, nyingana.

oneself violently, vs., bimbabimba.

out, vt., pupbla.

up, vc., cikinya.
violently (as a dog a rat), vc., bimbinya.
SHAKING, n., ewatisa; ind., kbukbu, ku-ku.

SHALL is rendered by future tenses,

but emphaticallv in the sense of
must by lendandala.
SHALLOW, ind., keninge.
(of boats, etc.), vs., tandabana.
(of river), ind., sika-sika.
SHAM, . , mbala.
fight, ., mobokb.
fiyht, to fight, vph., mana mobo
kb.
SHAME, vt., putbla, semolo.
without, ind., komo-komo; ,///..
ybtbla nconi.
feel, vph., ybka neon!.
SHAMEFACEDNESS, ., bobblu.
SHAMEFUL matter, nph., zambi ll
nconi.

SHAMMING, .'/.//., bikaka, bipali.

SHANK, ., mwende, mompende'.
of fowl or animal, n , engonzi.
SHAPABLE mass, make material
into, vt., bonda.
SHAPE, vt. , yoma, yema ; .,moango (moyango).
SHAPELESS, vs., limallma, lilalima.
SHARE, vt., kaba, kabbla; n.,
ekabo, libbndo ; vap. , sangela.

for a number of people, put aside

a lump, /-/., yukia [yukama,
yukaj.
in a purchase, payment or tax,
./.. ntakb.

of a find, first, n., ekuli.

of a find, second, . , etelbli.
SHAREHOLDER, nph., moto d lotbngo.
SHARP, dph., na mpia; ind., leti-

leti, s wc-swc ; vin. , to.

become, again, vph. , betwa
mpia.

point, ., munya ; //., miunya.

-pointed, ind., ndwe-ndwe,
ngwa-ngwa.
SHARPEN, vt., petbla.
by bea/ing out, vt. , saka.
to point, vt., sengolo, sosolo.
SHARPNESS, ., mengo, mpia.
of rough rubbing substances, . ,
nkalata.
SHATTER, vc., panzinginya; vs.,
panzangana, cecengene ; -'/. .
panza.

SHAVE, vt., kenge.

bald, vt., kolbla.
SHAVED head, n., mokbka.
SHAVING ol wood, ., mpwalb.
round ears, //., mokolola.
[le.
SHAVINGS, n.pl., biululu, mauleSHE, //ron., yeye.
SHEAF, ., ebimba.
SHEAR, vph., kete wa-wa ; vt. , sanga, sangbla.
SHEARS, n.pl., makasi.
SHEATH, ii , lilako; vt., subia;

T'.".. subama; in./'., suba.

spathe (of frond), n., eybmbb.

SHED^SHOULD

( 448 )

SHED, ., esakango.
blood, vph. , tangisa malbngb.
(leaves), vt., kongbla.
(skin), vt., kubola.
tears, vl<//. , tanga miosoli.
SHEDDING of skin, n., lokubola.
SHEEP, n , mbata.
-fold, nph. , ebeto e mbata.
SHEET of paper, //., lingongo.
of bed, nph., etando e mbenza.
SHELF, ., etalaka.
SHELL, ., epasb, eteke, loposb.
(cowry), n., mobele.
of cartridge, . , loseba, epopblb.
of snail, n. , likolo.
of turtle, n. , ebolo.
small, used formerly for money,
//., loti.
SHELTER, vt., poto.
SHEOL, ., long a.
SHEPHERD, n. , mokengeli, mobateli ; ;-/. , kengele, bate'la.
SHEW, vc., boninya, bonisa, laidsa ; -'/., laka.
SHIELD, ., nguba.
off, vt., boka.
SHIFT, vs., longwa, suswa ; vph.,
yenza nongo.
SHIN, n., monkilango.
SHINE, vin., cenge; vs., cengebana.
brillinntly, vin., ngese ; ind.,
ngesi-ngesi.
(gleam, as anvthing bright and
white), v.!.. langibana; ind..
langi-langi.
(gbtier-, n-.. kalibana, kalima ;
ind , kalili, kali-kali.
[li.
moonshine, nph., ncengi li eyesunshine, . . mwe'se.
SHINING, n., ncengi.
SHIP, n. , bwengi, bwato ; nph.,
bwengo bo bll imba.
steam, nph., bwengo bb nkuka.
SHIRK (work) through dislike ol it,
;'-'.. melemele.
SHIRT, ///'h , monkbto mo moi.
SHIVER, vin., mwanga, wata ;
vs., bilima, yatwangana,
ningana ; vc , watisa.
of a stick, ., eyeti.

SHOAL, n. , etbnga, ebemba.

of a particular kind of fish, .,
lobibi.
SHOCK, electric, vt., banda.
electric, receive, vap. , bandela.
SHOE, n , ekbtb.
SHOOT, ., lisongu.
SHOOT (arrow), vph., ta likula.
gun, vph., ta beta.
but miss, vph., ta so. fr masu.
or blade, early, n. , lisongu.
out branches in all directions,
vt., kabbla.
sparks when hot iron is beaten,
vin., ngenge.
up (spring up, of grass), vin.,
mene.
|lala.
up (of water), vph., bata nyafwith bow, or in letting go a
spring), vt., pisbla.
SHOP, nph., ndako e mboko.
SHORE, ., libbngo.
in sense o land out of water, //.,
mobenga.
opposite, nph., nce ena.
SHORT, vs., bititala; ind., bititi,
kulungu ; adj. , -kuse.
and 'at (angry word), n. , lingundbmbele.
bulky person, n., engili.
cut across a place, . , lite'na.
in length in being measured, vs.,
kananala.
(not reaching), vs. , betetele ;
ind. , betete.
person, n., ekwende.
run, vs. . kutwa.
time, vs., kutwa ; nph., elembe
ekuse.
SHORTEN, vt., cabbla, cceolo ;
vph., bitisa bititi.
SHORTEST (of road), ind., teno.
SHORTNESS, n., nkekela.
(of pi-r~on), n. , enge'nde.
SHOT (small hullet), n., lindbndb.
SHOULD when emphatic is re iesented in the past by adv., tiki,
and in the present and future
by yengo and komo.
it should be in thr house, ph. ,
ekoyisa ndzala b ndako.

SHOULDER-SIDE

( 449 )
SHOULDER, n., libeki.
-blade, n. , ebabu ; nph, , likbnd
ll ekbngbngo.

SHOULDERS round, n., ekbbe.

SHOUT, .-'/., pama, pala; //.,

SHRUNK, vs., katatala; ///,/..

kbtbtb.
SHUDDER, ., lomwanga; vin.,
mwanga.

SHUFFLE (cards), vt., cele.

SHUN, vt., banga.
SHUT, vt., liba; vs., libama ;
in,l, liba.

mopamo.
either in approbation or disap
probation, n. , mosomo ;.-'/.,
sombla.
eyes, vph. , pbto miso.
in acclamation, vt., sangbla;
eye tightly down, vph., yimba
., mosangb.
liso.
in astonishment, kambla ; n. ,
up (of leaf of sensitive plant),
nkamb.
vs., kangana; ;-/., lolla [lovigorously, vs., pamangana.
leme, lble].
vigorously or persistently after a | SHUTTER, n., ekuki, etako.
SHUTTLE, ., llsblbko.
person, vs., kabatana, ka-stick, ., lisbloko.
matana.
SHY, dph., na nconi.
SHOVE, vt., cinza.
SHYNESS, n., nconi.
SHOVEL, vt., tbkbla; nph., litbko ll masotu.
SICK, vin., kbno.
feel, vin., sobila [sobi-sobi],
SHOW, '/;:., lakisa, bonisa, bonisbkubana [sbku-sbku].
nya.
man, //., mokbni.
a brave front, vs. , langalanga,
langatana, langasana.
(vomit), vt., lua.
SICKEN, vph., sobisa moi sobioff (of bad woman), OT. , salangana.
sobi.
teeth, vph., ngenyolo mine.
SICKENING thing, n.pl., manyali.
SICKLE, . , ebundu.
SHOWER of rain, n., mokombe,
eyombe.
SICKNESS, n., bokono.

small, ., momianga,momiaka.
SHOWING off, t/.pl., bikaka,
bipali.
SHRED, w.Lcecinginya; vph., kala biceei.

SHREWISHNESS, ., monkei.
SHREWD, vin., yele.
SHRIEK, n., mwange.
funeral, colq.n., mwasaso, bokwango.

SHRILL, vph., loba pe.

SHRIMP, see CRAYFISH.
SHRINK, vs., susana; vin., soto.
SHRIVEL, vs., nyunyangana.
SHROUD (cloth bound on corpse),
//., mollngako.
SHRUB, //., esasaki.
various kinds of, ., bondbngb,
montela, moswasbbe, likelekese, litoke.

SHRUG shoulders, vph., yimba

nkingb.

catch contagious, vt., yambetela.

contagious, nph., bokono bb
yambetela.
transmit contagious, vap. , yambetisela.
SIDE, n., lokenge (likenge).
bent, vs., kombbmbala.
go to one, vs., bulwa.
indicated by speaker, ., mpe,
in palaver or fight, . , ekala.
of any vessel, ., mokbl (monkoi).
of body, /!., lobanze, lokondb.
of meat, n., mokala.
over the other, of river, nph. , nee
ena.
push a little on one, vt., bengia
[bengeme, benge].
put on one, vt. , bulla [bulama,
bule].
-ways, part., bokengama.
G G

SIDLE-SINGLY

( 45o

SIDLE, vph., suswa bokengama.

SIEGE, n., Ijokolisi.
lay, ; ' . , kelisa ; vs. , kelele ;
ind., kelelu.
SIEVE, ., ekongele; vt., kongo.
SIGH, n., monkima; 7v/!.. kimela.
SIFT, vt., kongo.
SIFTINGS (left in sieve after sift
ing), n.pl., mbindi.
SIGHT, ., boboni.
give, ve., bonisa.
on gun near breech, n. , ekekela.
on gun, on muzzle, //.. encbnongb.
SIGN, n., elembo.
a name, vph., sono llna,
of tidings sent on wife's death,
n., moaako.
SIGNAL, secret, ., enueti.
to secretly, vs. , nuetinya.
SIGNATURE, n., elembo, llna.
SIGNIFICANT, dph., nantinapol8l8.

SIGNIFICATION, n., ntina.

SIGNIFY, v///., limbbla ntina.
with hands, vph., yengia mambi na maboko.
SIGNS of pregnancy or of hatching,
give, vph., yanga mwana.
SILENCE, dead, n.pl., bioke.
SILENT, ind., biu, cabe; vs., ngindandala; vph., bbmba
munya, pbto munya, zala
bin.
through fear, . ' . , lemamala.
when the usual thing would he to
speak, vph., kindana ngo.
SILL, n.. ebeka.
SILLY matter, ///., zambi ll lopupu.
SILVER, ., palata 3.
SIMILAR, make, i't., sembia [sembama, semba].
SIMILARITY, ., boob, boyuli.
SIMILITUDE, ., boyuli, lililingi
(lillalingi).
SIMPLE (not complicated), ind.,
kongolo, ti-ti ; ,-.'.. titwa.
SIMPLETON, nph., mome nzenzele.

SIMPLIFY, vph., sembola ti-ti,

kakola kongolo-kbngolo.
SIMULATE, vt., lembola.
SIMULTANEOUS, aph., se elongo.
SIN, ., ncoki. Many words have
presented themselves to answer
to the meaning of sin in its
various aspects, and this is
tahen from them as the best
to use as the general word.
against, vt., soko.
offering, ., mbondi.
SINCE, ind., yeka, ki.
and until, ///., we ki.
since youthhood, ph., kuma
bolenge ; in similar phrases
the verb kuma does not require
a prep. to follow, but this in
fsuitive is almost used in the
sense of the prep. itself; since
boyhood I have not seen ii,
kuma bolenge naliki nde d
ibo ko.
(except), ph., tu se, see tu in
Bobangi- English section.
(because), conj., nowe'la.
(from the time of), I have not
been there since I left there
yesterday, naliki nde d ke
bngo ka n'e kumi ngai bngo
lobi.
long, ind., kala-kala, bele, beleka.
SINCERE, vs. , sembwa.
SINEW, ., montulu, lotulu.
SiNFULNESS, ., boSoki.

SING, vt. , yemba.

creature who does not, n. , monkuku 1 1 .
loudly, vph., kasbla likingo.
in antiphone, vt. , ketbla.
SINGE, . ' .. liklsa; vt., babbla.
SINGLE, adj., -oko.
person (unmarried), n. , ndenga i.
woman not yet married, ., cbunani.
SINGLET, nph., monkbto mb bosubiaka.
SINGLY, ph., (m)oko na (m)oko,
mpenza-mpenza.

SINGO-SLANDER

45' )
SINGULAR (strange), dph., nampapo.
(new), adj., -temu.
SINK, vt., iinda.
(a hole, well), vt., tima.
in mire, -'///. , linda bblblo, subama b libele.
SINKER for net, n. , mbbko.
counter, nph., ekatisi e liusu.
SINNER, //., mosoki.
SINNING, n., bosoki.
SIP, ;'/.<'.. benda matangi.
SIR, ii., tomo i.
SIRE, n., sango i.
SIRIUS, see ORION'S belt.
SISTER of a brother, ., nkana.
of a brother, elder, nph., nkaua
o moyebi.
of a brother, younger, nph., nka
na c molimi.
of sister, elder, n. , moyebi.
of sister, younger, n. , molimi.
my sister, ph., d mwene d moi
moko na ngai.
-in-law of a man, nph., mwasi d
bongoi.
-in-law of a woman, /-////., mobali
d mwene.
Sir, vin., zala.
down, -.'ph. , zala bwa.
down instead of working, vs.,
mengetene.
(of hens), vs., yikama.
on buttocks, vs., sekekala.
still, continue to, vs., ngenzenzele.
tailor fashion, vph., yongia
nzbto.
SITE, ., ekoli.
SITTING down, ind., bwa.
SITUATED, vph., kula nongo.
SITUATION, n., nongo, epose
(eposa, eposi).
Six, a., motoba.
SIXTEEN, //''//., ziimu na motoba.
SIXTEENTH, see ORDINAL numbers.
SIXTH, see ORDINAL numbers.
SIXTIETH, see ORDINAL numbers.
SIXTY, ., nyumotbba.
SIZE, depth, n. , ntbngu.
girth, .. bone.

SIZE (continued).
height, ., moteli.
length, n. , bosanda.
measure, gauge, . , loteno.
thickness, //., mbinga.
width, //. , ntuta, litaki.
SKELETON, nph., mokalanganya
mo nkwa.
(framework), n. , moango (moyango).
SKETCH, vt., sono._
SKEWER, ., mosongilaka, moncongilaka ; vt. , songila ;
ind., songi-songi.
SKILFUL, vpl/., kula ntoko.
matter, nph. , zambi ll bwanya.
SKILL in hunting, ., ndongi;
colq., loboko.
doctor's, ., bonganga.
in stalking an animal, n., bolongimisa.
SKIM, vt., kongolo, yetolo.
SKIN, ., ekbtb, eteke, loposo ;
. '/. , kubbla, polbla, tubbla,
yobbla, toba, yoba.
both skin and flesh off palm nuts,

vt., yenge.
hardened, n. , ekiya.
holding the fetishes of a nganga ;
., likutu.
(membrane), nph., eteke e leli-

leli.
of animal, n. , likbko.
of electric fish's stomach, ., londbmba.
scaly, nph., eteke e mpese.
SKIP, vs., yumbwangana.
SKIRMISH, vph., meka etiimba.
SKIRT a shore on land, vt., kdngbla.
SKULL, nph. , ebeke e mritu.
SKY, nph., etando e likolo.
SLAB, n., epaso, mobonda.
SLACK, vs., nyengengele ; ind.,
nyengele.
SLACKEN, vc., nyengisa.
SLAIN, ind., bomu. ^
anything, ., mobdma.
SLAKE, vc., kolsa.
SLAM, vph., liba ngbe.
SLANDER, vt., kbtomba, tanga.

SLANT-SLIPPER

(452 )

SLANT, vt., yekia [yekeme, yo

ke] ; 'vs. , yendeme [yende].
SL v<-, 'i///., bbla eyambb, epakata a/- liyei.
SLASH, vt., pioka; ind., pid.
SLATE, ., esonele, libwa.
pencil, //., mosoni.
SLAUGHTER, ., boboml; vt., boma ; ind. , bomu.
SLAVE, n., montamba.
discarded to some menial work
on account of some personal
defect, j!., epako, mokwata,
mokbngwa.
fellow slaves call each other
bibbto and the usual names
for brother and sister.
female, ., bopika.
a master generally speaks of his
slaves as children, bana; or
as persons, bato.
of one man, i/. , libula.
(retainers, retinue), . , bongili.
run away, ., mokbbani; vs.,
kbbana. When a slave for
some reason or other runs
away (kobana) he carries in
his hand a splinter of plantain
stalk (mondenge' mb moboboli) and goes off to 'another
chief, and casts himself (bwaka
nzbto) upon his mercy. If
the chief does not accept him,
he sends him back (yundbla
mondenge) ; if he decide to
keep him, the former master
comes along to sell him ; but
if the price be not an agreeable
one, the slave returns to his
former master.
SLAVEDRIVING, ., lltuka, ekosa.
SLAVERY, ., bontamba.
S LAVES of one master, n. , libula.
SLAY, vt., boma; ind., bomu.
SLEEK, v ' . , selibana, selima ;
ind.. seli-seli.
SLEEP, ., ngbli; vph., ke ngbli.
heavy, fall into, vph., kita ngbll
bu or bb.
sickness, n. , tolo 3.
sickness, suffer with, ,;'/., zinga.

SLEEPINESS after repletion, ., lokutu.

SLEEPING outside of house or with
out a fire, ., bonkutu, mpimb&.
SLEEPLESS (of eyes), vs., kesesala;
ind., kese'se.
SLEEPY, very, vph., kutela ngbli.
SLEEVE, nph., loboko lb elamba.
SLEIGHT of hand, n., bolemoli.
practise, vt., lemolo.
SLENDER, ind., biambili.
SLICE, ., eyeti; vt., yatbla, ya-

ta.
SLIDE, vs., selima.
lantern, nph., talatala e lililingi.
SLIGHT, vt., kina, kila, bingbla,
ybtbla; vs., pelwa ; ind.,
kili.
(small), adj., -ke.
SLIM, vs., wangangala; /,/.,
wanganga, wangala.
SLIME left by standing water, .,
mpolu, miolunga.
SLIMY, make, vt., kunzbla.
SLING, //.. likambu.
bag, //., bokumbe, mpengi.
carry in, vap. , swatela.
for climbing, . , molangb, molangwa (moke'le).
for hurling stones, nph., mbakana-ngombe.
SLIP, i'.v., selimwa.
by accident, vs., pusumwa.
down, ,"/'//., sunda selele.
down out of sight, vs., ybsbmwa.
for steamer, n. , nkbli.
-knot, 7///., llswe ll lilombb.
(of land), vs. , bukwa.
off easily, vs., nyblwa.
out, vph. , pbsbla pb.
(out of grasp), vs. , pusumwa;
ind., pususu.
out of (skins or secret), vt., pbsb
la, pomolo ; ind , pb.
out of sight, vph. , leka bi.
SLIPPED, ind., selele; vs., seli
mwa.
SLIPPER, ., ekbtb.

( 453 )
SLIPPERY, <//., maselele, miseli.
SLIT, i/., uiusu, epongo, liusu
(etusu, litusu).
SLOPE, ., mobengete ; vs., soleme; i//,l, sele.
of roof, //., boseiemi.
SLOPS, nph., boll bo mai solblb ;
vs., solwa.
SLOT, n., mposbso.
for door, nph., mponya e ekiiki.
SLOTH, ., longonyi, lomonyi.
SLOTHFUL, vs., ngbnyibana, mbnyibana.
SLOUCH, 7 '///.. ke zengetanu.
SLOUGH, vs., pbswa, tobwa.
(mud, mire), ., libele.
SLOVENLY, vph., swa pusunganu.
SLOW, vs., kblololo; ind., kblolu, kblolo; vs., mbnyibana,
ngonyibana, yungwa ; ind. ,
monyi-monyi.
in progress, vt., lembalemba.
SLOWNESS in dying, nph., lokilo
lb wa.
in work, n. , lomonyi, longbnyi.
SLUG, ., elandi.
for gun, n. , monzanga. nzanga.
SLUGGARD, /////., mome lomonyi;
n., mombnyibani.
SLUGGISH, vs., lembembele ; ind. ,
lembembe.
[yoi.
SLUMBER, vs., yoima; ind.,yo\SLUSH, n., libele.
SLYLY, come, vph., ya wa-wa.
SMACK, vph., bete ba, ka or ya.
SMALL, adj. , -ke; (before a noun)
mwa.
become, .-///., soto.
girth, n., boke.
(narrow), adj., mpwekete ; ind.,
kototo; vs., kototolo.
(of eye), ind. , longblo.
portion, . , bosato.
quantity (liquid), . , ebuki.
(young), aph., se elenge. '
SMALLNESS, //.., bbke, nkekela.
SMALLPOX, ., bakoto.
pustule, ., likoto ; pl., bakoto.
SMART, vin., saaiila.
(tine), -'-., wangangala; ind.,
wangala, wanganga.

SLIPPER-SNACK

SMARTING, n., esasela.

SMASH, vt., bola, bosa; vs., bosangana ; ind. , bo, po.
SMEAR, vt., singa.
birdlime on anything, vph. , Singa ndembo.
much oil on, vt., popo.
oil, vt., lelolo.
SMEARED well with cosmetics,
/'/., longo-longo.
(much oil on body), ., monyenge.
SMELL, vap. , lumbetela, yumbetela ; n. , ncolo.
bad, ., ltu, elumbe.
of civet cat, . , linzoi.
strong (of some coloured people),
., likangi.
sweet, ., boimbb (boyimbb).
SMELT, vt., lamba.
SMILE, vs., mungamunga, mungwa.
SMITE (but not to cut), vt., bola.
(to cut), vt., koma; ind. , kwi.
(with stick), vt., pioka ; ind.,
pio.
SMITH, . , motuli, mokuba.
SMITHY, ., liknba, lituli.
SMOKE, ., ndumbele, milinga,
misila.
ascend, wreathe up, vs. , tutwa.
tobacco, vph., nua makaya.
SMOOTH, vt., lambbla; vs., patatala, petetele, selima, selibana, molongono, kolongono ; /"/'//. , wa boi ; ind. , paba,
patata, petete, seli-seli, kolbngb, molbngb.
(clothes), vt., titbla; ind., ti.
(polish), vt., kolbla.
SMOOTHNESS, n.pl., miseli.
SMOTHER, vc., kibttinya; vs.,
kibitana, yikayika.
SMOULDER, vin., yuba; ind.,
yube-yube.
SMUDGE, ., lipata.
SMUGGLE, vph., lekisa bobbmbaka.
SNACK of food eaten before meal
time, n., mompiekote.

SNAG-SOAP

(454 )

SNAG, n. , ekando, esiba.

which bobs up and down, .,
ezbnga.
SNAIL, various kinds of, ., mombembe, monkolo.
SNAKE, n., moseme. Various kinds
of, i/., empengelempe'ngele, enycte, esubu, esubu e
mokbkb, libitb, mobwanga,
molikwa, mombito, mpele,
nguma, nkeke, nkonga.
SNAP, vt., buna, te'na, tenbla,
nekbla ; ,-.-'. , bunya, tenya ;
/////., bio.
a joint or hinge by bending back
wards, vt., be'kbla, beke.
lingers, nph., bete ndondi.
of ringers, ., londondi, losondo.
to pieces, ','--. , tenyangana, bunyangana.
SNARE, vt., lombo; -,-c.. lombisa.
various kinds of, ., lilbnga, motambo.
SNARL, vin., lunza.
SNATCH, vt., cuka, kaya (kanya),
wolta, busa; ind., kib, km,
busl, kwaki.
away, vt. , yosolo, kwakbla.
up all, ."///., boso twi.
SNATCHING, ind., wo, biu.
others, animal or person, con
tinually, n.pl., mabutabuta.
SNEAK, vp//., ya wa-wa; nph.,
moyi wa-wa.
SNEER at, .-/. , yembbla, mungbla.
SNEEZE, //., ece ; ,-///.. ta cce.
imitation of, /////., cobo.
SNIFF, vph., benda miblo.
SNIGGER, vs., yikayika.
SNIP, vt., kiakbla.
SNIVEL, v/->., sekubana na bolell.

SNORE, vin., kblolo; . , lokololi.

SNORT, vs., lblwa.
SNOUT, ., mobele, molumba.
Suow, ///'//., mbula li mpumpu.
SNUB, vt., yck.i.
SNUFF, ., mpinga.
take, vph., benda mpinga.
SNUG, dph., na nyile.

So, ind., be, bbngo (bengb).

and so, ., sbngblb, [if more
than one) sbngblb na pakala.
so and so (of things), n., ndeki,
ndekani.
... as, so is not expressed ; he
is not so tall as you are, anga
nde motell etc nde yo (or
mb yo) ka.
as ... so ; as I saw it so I left it,
e'te e boni ngai bbngb naitiki.
as to ; I made the fence so as to
kill fish, natbngi lokala lb
boma ncu or natbngi lokala
na ntina e bobomi ncu.
-called, use tangibwa in relative
sentence.
long as ; so long as you continue
to do so I will punish you, e
kobika yo nokela bbngb
nakokokambisa.
many, adj. , -yike.
much, adj., -yike.
much (as much as this), nph.,
lokbla be.
. . . that, so is not expressed,
but that is expressed as e'te ; he

was so angry that he struck

him, ayakwi nkelele e'te
ambbbli.
that, aph. , ntina e'te.
then, adv., anganl.
(therefore), adv., angani; aph.,
na ewe'la eye.
(thus), ind., be.
be, this is not directly expressed /

are you so foolish as to do that ?

bnga bolema nokela linya ?
you are not so foolish as to do
that, bnga nde na bolema te
nokela linya.
(very),_he was so angry, vph.,
aliki na nkelele be.
SOAK and soften, vs., lotlsa.
(drench), vph., bbllsa bo-bo.
(steep), vt., yina.
SOAP, .. nzabango, sabuni.
-suds, nph., mpulu ll nzabango.

( 4S5 )

SOAR, vin., bata.

(fly high), vs. , tetwa.
SOB, ., ekiba ; vs., sekubana,
sekuma ; ind. , seku-seku.
SOBER, vt., kengele; neg.ph., d
langa masanga ka.
become, after carousal, said of
eyes, vs. , tendwa, tilima.
SOBER-MINDED, vin., koka.
SOBERNESS, //. , boyebi, likani.
SOBRIETY, n., bokengeli.
SOBRIQUET, ., nkbmbb 8.
SOCIABLE, n.colq., libbta. [nga.
SOCIAL, <//'//. , na mambi ma etbmeal of chief with friends, .,
ncanga.
SOCIETY, ., etbnga.
society in Mpama, ., lisanga.
SOCK, "///., elamba e likaka; .,
sokisi 3.
SOCKET, n., libela.
(of eye), nph., libela li liso.
pull out of, vt. , ybngbla ; vs. ,
ybngwa.
SOD, nph. , libutaka li bisbbe.
SODDEN, vph. , bblo bo-bo.
SOFA, ., etuti.
[mblu.
SOFT, vin. , ko ; adj. , *kou; ind.,
and eatable, make, vt., lebolo.
and green (of corn), n.pl., minyeke.
(bad), adj., -be.
but not rotten (as soaked cas
sava), vs. , posubana; ind.,
posu-posu.
(fine texture cloth), vph., ko lembu-lembu.
-hearted, dph., na bobbin, na
molbko motcou.
(of earth), ind., tdsu-tosu.
(of fruits), mn. , loto.
(of ground), ind., belele.
(pliant), vs., lekwa.
through preparation, ind., lembu-lembu.
SOFTEN, vc., koisa, lbtisa; vt.,
lebolo.
(as bread in gravy), vc. , mulinginya ; vs. , mulungana ;
///'/.. mulung ri.
(oil), vt., yangbla.

SOAR- SOLI

SOFTLY, ndj., bolombisa (likombi), boke-boke; ind., wa;

ii/'//. , na moi.
go (as cat), i'.''., nyomengene ;
///./., nyome.
breathing, ind., nde.
SOFTNESS, n. , bokbu.
SOIL, n.pl., masbtu (biondo, ma
nuka, miboku).
(dirt), n., mbindo.
rich, nph., masbtu makbu, ma
sbtu mablbto.
SOILED, vs., bandangana, bindingana; ind., bindi-bindi.
SOJOURN, vin., lamba.
SOLACE, vt., bondo; '., bobondi.
SOLDER, vph. , cuca bolipaka.
SOLDERING iron, nph., eyeli e
lipa.
SOLDIER, . , momani.
SOLE, ///., -oko mpenza.
of foot, nph., mpasa e likaka ;
n., loposi.
SOLELY, ind., bib.
SOLEMN, vs. , ngbndondolo; ind.,
ngo.
SOLEMNITY, ., bongbndondoli.
SOLEMNIZE, vph., ngbndwisangb
or ngbndondolu.
SOL-FA, tonic, nph. , mambi ma do.
SOLICIT (ask for), vt., bbndela.
(a person), vap., bondele, pckele.
[nga.
female for evil purposes, vt. , biaSOLICITATION, ., bopekeli.
SOLICITOUS about, vt., paka.
SOLICITUDE, n., bopaki.
SOLID, ., ngenge.
SOLIDARITY, ., ndando.
SOLIDIFY (liquids), vs., kangana,
bitatala.
SOLIDITY, n., ngingi, ngenge,
nkenke.
SOLILOQUY, nph., bolobi bb mpe
nza na mpenza.
SOLITARINESS, ., bompenza.
SOLITARY, vs., lengengala; ind.,
lengele.
(drear), n., mputu.
one, ., mpenza; ind., kwi.
place, //.. elali.

SOLI-SORT

(4S6)

SOLITUDE, nph., nongo e bompe-

SON, . , mwana, morefully mwa-

SOLO, nph., boyembi mpenza.

SOLUBLE, vph., yisa bonyangani.
SOLUTION of, nph., mai ma.
in, al'h., ete nde mai.
SOLVABLE, vph., yisa bosembwi.
SOLVE, /., limbbla, sembbla.
SOMBRE day, n. , monkuta.
colour, vs., yeyua, yuyua.
person, ., momimwi; vs., mi-

elder, ///., mwana d botaki,

mwana d mpomba.
[nge.
younger, nph., mwana d eleSONG, n., loyembo.
SONOROUS, vs., lungusana.
SOON, aph., n'd bika ka, na
ndembe elamu, se sail.
as soon as ; come as soon as you
have finished, yaka bobele
angani e kbsila yo.
too, ., mpweme.
SOONER, no ; use part, of coinci
dent action / no sooner had he
entered the house than he fell
sick, & will yeye b mlako
mpe mikbnele.
or later (some day), n., busa;
iiph., busa boko.
(rather, would prefer to), see
RATHER.
than, use nani with negative

na d bwele.

mwa.

SOME, s<^'., -oko.

SOMEBODY, n., sbngblb, (if more
than one) sbngblb na paka1ft.
(unknown), ///., moto moko.
SOMEDAY, n., busa; nph., busa
boko.
SOMEHOW, nph., lolenge lb wani
zambi te.

SOMEONE, ., moko.
else, ., nkeni, nkei.
whose name one does not care to
name, n., sbngblb, (if more
than one) songblo na pakala.
SOME . . . others, ph., (ba)oko . . .
(ba)oko (ba)siso.
SOMERSAULT, n., bozengwani.
turn, vs., zengwana.
SOMETHING, nph., eloko yoko.
known but name not mentioned,
n., ndeki, ndekani.
or other, nph., eloko soko e
wani, and sometimes zambi
te is added.
which must be done, n. , molendandalo.

SOMETIME, nph., ndembe yoko.

SOMETIMES, nph., ndembe nolso.
(occasionally), use derivative of
counted action with loko-loko.

SOMEWHAT, use mwa after verb

or before noun.
SOMEWHERE, //l'h.. nongo soko
wani.

else, nph., nongo esiso.

SOMNAMBULATE, vph., tambola
na ngbli.

SOMNAMBULIST, nph., motamboli

na ngbli.

sentence ; he came sooner than

we expected, ayi bisb nani
d mblamba ka.
SOOT, n. , mpita, mombili, milaka, mpiti.
SOOTHE, vt. , bondo, bongo, se'ka,
yaba.

with a lullaby, vc. , lengisa.

SOOTHSAYER'S pot, n., likenge.
SOP, //., monyamu, montamunya, motamunya.
SOPORIFIC, nph., mono mo ngbli.
SORCERER, .,molbki; nph., mome lilbki.
SORCERY, n., bolbki ; nph., boyami ndbko.

SORDID, vs., sbkeme; ind., sbke.

SORE, ., mpbta.
great and painful, n.. nkble.
under toe, ., etena.
SORENESS of wound, ., elangi.
SORES, covered with, vs. , peswa.
SORROW, n.pl., mawa.
that good advice was not taken,
vph., sima lolanga.
SORT, ., lokbla, lolenge, lolimo ; vt. , kakbla, solo.
(arrange), vt., lengele (longele).

( 457 )
SOT, />//., mome monuako or
monuela.
SOUGH of wind, ., lompompo ;
in,l. , b/i-ii, pu-pu.
SOUL, //., bomoto.

(spirit), i/., molinio.

SOUND (a trumpet), vt., yula.
an alarm, vc., yebwisa.
an instrument, vc., lobisa.
hollow (of drum), n., boyimela.
make a, vt. , kukbla ; ind. , koko.
of axe stroke, n. , mokbmekela.
(of gun), vin., samba.
(of many voices), ., lokuku.
of something moving, as patter
ing of feet or crackling of
thorns, n.. loiigito.
(whole, entire), n., nkinki.
water, v/-h., moka mai.
SOUNDING (giving a ringing sound),
vs., belengene.
SOUP (clear), n., bomai.
(thick), ., mosaka.
generally, . , subu j.
ladle, n'pl/. , litoko line ll subu,
SOUR, go (milk), vi//., kaka.
(of palm wine), vs., ngunzwa;
., nkangi.
smell of some of the coloured
people, i/., likangi.
SOURCE, ., ekumela.
(basis), i/., ntina.
[belo.
(cause), n. , etondo, cwela, mo(of river), . , bokoto.
SOURNESS, n., ngamu, nkangi.
SOURSOP, ., bondenge.
SOUTH, see CARDINAL points.
SOUTHERN cross, ph., bbunyiekill na nkanzu ll boboi.
SOUVENIR, n., eyindwisela.
SOVEREIGN, ., mokonzi.
(pound), ., pounda 3.
SOVEREIGNTY, ., bokonzi.
Sow, ///., ngombele e mweno.
seed, ,'t., miakela.
seed, broadcast, vph., miakela
ca-ca.
SPACE, ., mponya, nongo, epose (eposa, eposi/.
give/i,. ,'soimisa; ,-///.. seima,
tangwa.

SOT-SPEAK

SPACE (continued'].
inside circle of people, ., liboko.
SPACIOUS, ind., nyengele; vs.,
nyengengele.
SPADE, ///., litoko ll masotu.
SPAN, vs. , yekama.
(measure), ///., loteno lb misei
mibale.
SPANK, vph., bete ba-ba.
SPANNERS, nph., moyotbli mo
bumba.
SPARE and tall, vs., wangangala;
'/ii/l, wangala, wanganga.
article, /'//., eloko c mpula;
////. , zala mpula.
diet, n. , enuete.
(thin), /./., bondu.
(to give or be able to give), vt.,
pe ; vph. , yisa bopi.
SPARENESS, ., botungu.
SPARK, ., lototo.
strike, i'l'h. , cecula ntoto.
SPARKLE, , '.,-., kalibana, kalima,
langibana, buluma; ini/.,
kalili, kali-kali, langi-langi, bulu-bulu.
SPARSELY inhabited district, ., llsombo.
SPASM, //.. mobando.
SPATHE, ., mololombo.
SPAWN, ., lopulu, loulu (lowulu).
SPEAK, vt., loba.
about (mention), vt., sakbla.
affectedly, vph., lekolo likingb.
against (slander), ;-/., kbtbmba,
tanga ; ,///., katola nkwako.
and be heard to a considerable
distance, vs., yimasana.
angrily together, vs., tayasana.
bitterly of persons, vph., kate'la
nkwako.
(converse), vt. , solbla.
distinctly, vph., ybsbla mambi
pwe-pwe.
grammatically, vph., temolo lokbta, sembbla lokbta.
in a whisper, vt. , tobo ; vph. ,
loba na mwempwe.
in euphemisms, , '.'. . bblbngana.

SFEAK-SPLINTER

( 458 )

SPEAK (continued}.
inaudibly, -/'h., loba b nce e
moi.
incoherently, vs., bbbangana.
indistinctly, vph. , simbasimba
na bolobi.
loudly, vs., totwa.
nasally, ;-///. , loba na zblo.
parabolically (of some one), vph. ,
yengia mambi.
sarcastically, vph., pe limungb ;
vt., sele.
softly or quietly, vph., loba bolombisa, lombisa bolobi.
thoughtlessly, vs., yangubana,
biangubana.
together, vrec., lobasana.
up, vph., kangbla likingo.
with strong voice, vph., yimisa
likingb.
[mbi.
without reserve, vph. , bola maSPEAKER, ., molobi.
SPEAR, ., likongo; various kinds
of, . , engbndb, epalo, epulu,
ngbondb.
barbless, ., mosiM,
one barb, //. , mosoi.
two barbs, ., bosuki, lotungia.
fish, vt., sblo, ybnda.
throw, vph., ta likongo.
SPEARER, //., mokinzi.
SPECIAL person (favourite), .,
nkisa.
(important), dph. , na ntina.
SPECIES, //., lokbla, lolenge, lolimo.
SPECIFY, vph., loba polele.
SPECIMEN, ., ndakisa.
SPECK, !/., lopumbu.
of dust, ii., mobulu.
of grit, ., lingwe.
SPECTACLE, nph., eloko e kcka.
SPECTACLES, .//., batalatala.
SPECTATOR, ., motali.
SPECTRE, ., ellmo.
SPEECH, ., liloba.
SPEECHLESS, nph., munya biu.
SPEED, ., lobangu, bwalb.
full, ., molunza.
SPELL, vph., tanga biletolo.
SPEND, vc., silisa.

SPENDTHRIFT, ., ewblb.
SPEW, vt., lua.
SPHERE, nph., ebuki 6 mokoto.
(place), nongo.
SPIDER, n., llmbobe.
web of, n. , lobobe.
SPIKE, ., ebanzi.
SPILL, vt. , swa ; vap., swcla ; vc.,

swisa.
SPILT nearly all, ind., paku.
SPIN, vt., yoso.
(turn round rapidly), vs., zelengene, zblbngana; ind., zclele, zblolo.
SPINE, ., lilo.
(of body), ., mongele; nph.,
nkwa li mongele.
protrusion of bones low in, n.,
libolo.
SPINSTER, vph., ndengae mwene.
SPINSTERSHIP, ., bondenga.
SPIRE of spiral spring, ., lingoti.
SPIRIT, ., molimo.
of departed person still believed
to be haunting the air, . ,
elimo, mokundwa.
(alcohol), ., lilangi.
SPIRITS, ardent, ., ngwala.
SPIRITUAL, dph., na bolimo.
SPIRITUALITY, ., bolimo.
SPIT, vph., twantei.
SPITE, ., ekuna.
SPITTLE, ., ncoi, ntei.
SPLASH about, vi//., lbka.
in learning to swim, vph., bote
bingende ;
//. , etubuku,
engende.
SPLAYED, vs., cebwa.
SPLEEN, n., opamba.
SPLENDOUR, nph. , biloko bi nkembb; //.//.. mankembo.
SPLICE, vt., ybngia, tongia, cuca.
SPLINE, n., monkelenge, likengete.
mat, n. , lokala.
mat, if splines are wide apart,
/////., lokala lo mpolbla.
mat for roofing, n. , ekakala.
SPLINTER, . , losende, moncweli.
of bark or stick used in speeches
and debate, /.'., mondenge.

( 459 )
SPLIT, vt. , yatbla, yata, palbla ;
inf/., kwa.
in hair, vph., yatbla lokbla.
(of secret), vph., tola bo.
SPLITS (when hammered), iron or
wood which, ., bonkangu.
SPLITTING of stick, n., losanga.
SPLUTTER, vph., loba ncoi or
ntei bosanzabana.
SPOIL, vs., bebisa, sumbisa.
in operating with fire, vt., babbla.
(of animal), //., esenga.
(people taken in war), n., montbnge : 1. ntbnge.
SPOILED, vs. , sumbana; vin., beba.
article, //., ekalakasa, enyanyaka, ebebe, ewaki.
SPOKE, ., litaki.
SPOKESHAVE, ., llkwako.
SPOLIATION, ., bosumbisi.
SPONGE, n., linkambu; /-/., tuta.
SPOOL, iif//., mokuswamb londimba.
SPOON, ., litbko.
dessert, nph. , litbko li ntei.
salt, nph., litokd ll mokwa.
soup, nph. , litokd li subu.
table, nph. , litokd line.
tea, ///., litokd like.
wooden, nph. , litokd ll mwete.
SPORT (fishing), ., llsblo.
(hunting), n. , bokila.
SPOT, n. , lintolinga, lintoni, llbanda, litona.
make a, nph., ta lintolinga, etc.
SPOTLESS, vph. , senga eyu.
SPOTTED with dirt, tn,/., bipe'te.
SPOTTY, dph. , na mantolinga or
mantoni.
SPOUT, ., enono.
SPRAINED, vs., sikwa, yekwa.
SPRAWL, vs., oababala; i/ul., oababa.
SPRAY, ., ncanzekeli.
dash, /-/'//. , bwaka miasi.
SPREAD, vt., lala; vs., lalwa,
nyengengele, nyengwa.
about, vs., yanzangana, cakana; ind., ca.

SPLIT-SPRINKLE

SPREAD (continued'].
all over, v . . nyalangana, nyalangatana.
apart, vin., sanza.
news, vc., yebinya, ybkinya,
tambwisa.
out, -'/., oakbla, tanda; ind.,
kia, tandi.
out, many, ind., kengelele.
out articles, . , elale.
over, f.i., nyangatana.
place, //., etando.
wings, -'t., lombe, palbla.
SPREADING (as of wound), n., molala.
SPRIG, nph., mwa litaki.
SPRIGHTLY, vs., bekekala; ind.,
bekeke.
SPRING, .,_ enimbisela, eyumbwisela.
a leak, vs. , tubya.
a trigger, vt. , pisbla.
from (come from), vin., kuma
(b).
from one thing to catch another,
vph. , yumbwa kwali.
(jump), i/., monoondi.
(jump), vs., yumbwa; n. , liyumbwa, loyumbwa.
let go, vt. , pisbla.
lightly, vs. , leibana, laibana ;
iiut.. lei-lei, lai-lai; //., loyumbwako; /-///., yumbwa
lai.
of gun, i/.. lingembwa.
of striker of gun, nph., episwela
e lino.
of trigger of gun, nph. , episwela
6 moneondi.
(of water), ., moncwele, moncece, moneblo.
(season), iiph., mcoa mo matbele.
stick of trap, ., mbaka.
up (of grass, etc.), vin., yongo,
mene.
up to avoid spear, etc., vs., ngbngwa.
SPRINGING (of bird from land),
/'/.. pelele, pululu.
SPRINKLE, vt., miakela.

SPRITE-STANCH

(460 )
STABILITY, ., ngingi, nkenke,
ngenge.
STABLE, ., esake, elabo.

SPRITE, ., eiti, ezb, mokula 2.

SPROUT, vt., kabbla; /., mene,
tb, songo ; v.y. , puswangana ;
/'!/. , pusu-pusu, puso-puso.
SPUR of cock, ., epango, liswende.
SPURIOUSNESS, ., bombala.
SPURN, vt., bingbla,
SPY, vt., kengele; ., nkengi,
mokengi.
SQUABBLE, vs., ybmana.
SQUALID, vph., yliidana bilili.
SQUALL (as an infant), vs., yamasana.
(strong wind), n., elele [pl., bielele]
SQUANDER, vc., wolinginya; vs.,
wolbngana; ind., wo-wo.
SQUANDERER, ., ewblb.
SQUANDERING, ., bowblbkb, bowblb.
SQUARE, dph., na nkenge linei
semba ; vs., sembama,
(measure), nph., loteno lb yingia semba.

of chief, ii. , montuma.

STAGE, ., botala, boyito, monganga.
STAGGER, vs., yembeyembe, tengatenga, pongopongo, zengazenga.
STAGNANT, vs., lekakala, lekekala, lengengala, lengangala ; ind. , lekeke, lengenge.
STAID, vs., mimwa.
STAIN, ., lipete; vph., yamba
bokbbo ; vcph., yambisa bokbbo.
blood, //., libanda.
STAIRS, ., bokando, bonango.
STAKE, ., litengu.

set, !ipi/., loteno lb kolongo.

T, nph., loteno lb te.
(a log), vt., bonda.
not, i/., mosele.
(of street), ., mponya.
put, vph., sembia nkenge.
shouldered, vs., kbtbtala.
SQUASH, vt., bosa.
SQUAT on haunches, vs. , noteme ;
iiul , nbte, noto.
(short), adj., -kuse.
SQUAWK (as parrot), vin., yaba.
SQUEAL (as pig), vph., lela cwe-

driven in ground, ., esukela.

STAKES in gambling, ., ndbngo.
lay down, vt., beta.
[zaki.
paid over in gambling, n., moSTALE (of palm nuts), vin. , kuka.
STALK an animal, vc., longimisa.
of fruit or leaf, n., mondendeke, mokolbki, monkilili,
mole'ngete, montembe.
STALL (of animal), ., eyalo.
STAMMER, vc., kukumisa.
STAMMERING, ., likukumisa.
STAMP (foot), vph., yinda eki-

cwe.
SQUEEZE, vt., pioto; ind., pio.
out, v/.. yama.
water out of vegetables, vt.,
boto.
SQUINT, vph., lekolo miso.
SQUIRM, vs., milingana.
SQUIRREL, kinds of, ., esende,
moboke, lisike.
SQUIRT, vph., tambwisa (mai)
nyalala.
STAB, vin., yinda, kinza.
STABBER, ., mokinzi.

ndo; n., ckindo.

postage, nph., lingongo ll mu-

firm, use the words under stability

in adj. cl.
STACK, ., liboko.
for firewood, ., liingo (liyingo).
STAFF, ., mobeli.

tu.
(walk heavily), vph., yinda makolo.
STAMPEDE, vph., ke lobangu wu-

lulu or ululu.
STAMPING noise, .,lokindo (llkindo).
STANCH, vt., sukela (malbngb),
sina; vs., sinya.
(strong), n., nkenke, ngenge,
ngingi.

STAND-STEAD

( 46i )
STAND, vin., teme.
away and not obstruct the light,
vph., yetwa b mwe'se.
back to back, vph., pene mbisa.
before something to hide it, vs.,
lambambala.
(base), ., ntina.
by, vap., yekemele.
fast or firm, vph., yika makolo.
for pots, ., botala.
head downwards or upon the
head, vph., teme miso b nee.
in canoe for goods, . , etalango.
in need of, i't., senga, yende.
near, vph., teme bele-bele.
off, vs., seima, tangwa.
one's ground, vph. , teme ngendo.
out against, vt. , bbya, yunzbla.
out of the way, vph., teme tenge.
still, i'///-, teme sika.
still, with spear poised, but not
attempting anything further,
vph. , lekakala na likbngo.
straight up, vph., teme bekeke.
to, vc. , kendisa.
STANDARD, below, vin., tula.
(Flag), i/., ebbla, mbbla.
for holding things, ., esukela.
(measure), nph., lote'no lb ye-

nzo, lolenge lb yenze.

STANDING (fame), ., lumu, montala.
high above surrounding grass,
ind., sombbmbo.
instead of joining with the rest,

vs. , tembembala ; ind. , tembembe.

(of liquids within vessels), vs. ,

lenge'ngala,
lengangala ;
'in</., lengenge, zu.
STAPLE, nph., ekokila e sbke.
hasp, nph., ekokila & ka.
STAR, ., motb ; //., mioto.
STARCH. ., sitaci 3.
STARE, vph., ngangbla miso,
pimisa miso ; vs. , lenzenzala ; ind. , lenzenze.
STARING, ind., lokbkb.
eyes, nph., miso boli-bbli.

START, vt., banda, bakbla.

and turn back presently, vs., zu-

bwa.
backwards, vs., kubwa [ind.,
kubu], bekuma; z^.,_butwa beku, butwa simbe,
yumbwa mambiambisa.
(on journey), vs., senzwa.
(originate), vt., tuba.
up, vs., ngangwa.
with sudden fear, vs. , sasimwa,
kasimwa ; ind. , sasi-sasi,
kasi-kasi.
STARTLE, vc., pakisa ; ind., pakipaki.
STARTLING thing, n., mpapo (mosel).
STARVATION of suckling infant said
to be caused by mother co
habiting with men, n. , bonzesi
(lonzesi) ; vph., kete mwana
bonzesi.
STARVATION, n., pata 3.
STARVE, vc., bonzisa.
STARVED person, n., ebbnzoki,
ebbnzeli.
STATE, vt., sakola.
(condition), n., lolenge.
territory, nph. , monce mb Mbdlamatale.

STATED intervals ; he comes at

stated intervals, akoya loya
na loya nasonga.
STATEMENT, . , zambi, mosakb.
STATION, ., mbbka.
fishing, ., nganda.
railway, ., esemele.
STATIONARY, vs., zengengala
ind., zengele.
STATIONERY, nph., bilokb bi sono.
STATUE, ., etekb.
STATURE, n., moteli.
STATUTE, nph., zambi li boke-

teke.
STAY, vap. , sukela.
(delay, wait), vt., lembisa, lende'la, lila.
(loiter), vs., lingalinga.
STEAD, n., epose (eposa, eposi),
nongo.

STEADFAST-STICK

( 462 )

STEADFAST, ind., ngbi.

STEADINESS, n. , ngingi, ngenge,
nkenke.
STEAK, n., mosuni; nph., mondoti mo ebwele.
STEAL, i<t., yiba.
have propensity to (said of the
heart), -,<s.. kwakibana, kwangima.
STEALTHILY, 'ind., nyome ; vs. ,
nyomengene.
STEAM, ., mouli (moyulii.
STEAMBOAT, nph., bwengo bo
nkuka ; //. , masua.
STEAM-BOILER, . , mobeya (morubeya).
STEAMER (for cooking), ., eyalela, bwango, nkengb, zango.
see also STEAMBOAT.
whistle, //.. loseba.
STEAMSHIP, see STEAMBOAT.
STEEL, in gun, ., lokulu.
(iron), n., eyeli.
STEEP (of hill), vs., bbngatana.
(soak), vt., yina.
STEER (from bow), vph., ta esele.
(from stern), vph., ta moiko.
sharp round a corner, v*h., ta
moiko bu.
STEM, n. , mondendeke, mokolbki, montembe, molengete,
monkilili.
(a current), vt. , seba.
(of a pipe), n., moseseke.
STENCH, n., elumbe; nph., ncolo
ebe.
STEP, n., litambe.
take a, vph., bwaka litambe.
take little steps, vph., takola
makolo.
down, -/'ph., sundisa makolo.
in, vin., wele (b).
[yai.
lightly, vs., yaibana; ind., yaiout, -v/'/!-, sembola makolo.
over, across, vt., pita.
-father, nph., mobali d nyango.
-mother, nph. , mwasi d sango.
(tread), vph., zata makolo, nyata makolo.
up, -;;''h. , netola makolo.
STKPS, n.. bokando, bonango.

STERILE, ind., kule, kulembe,

ule.
(of creatures) , dph . , na bokomba.
STERN, vin., kota.
[sB.
(of boat), nph., libenge ll mbiplace at stern of canoe on which
paddler who steers stands, .,
enonga.
STERNUM, /)//., lokwa lo ntblo ;
ii., ntblo, botblo.
STEW, vt. , lamba ; . , sitiu.
STICK, vt., banza [bandema,
banda].
(piece of tree), n. , mwete.
fast, vt., tungia [tungama,
tunge].
hooked, ., lisblbko.
in a narrow place, vs., kakema ;
ind., kaka.
into, vt., kinza.
into (of needle), vph. , cuma ewe.
into (of larger things), vph., cu
ma eu.
of skewered fish, . , mosongilaka, moncongilaka.
or beam forming side of bed, n.,
moyekiaka (mokekia, moyekwaka), mbonga, motondb.
or tree planted as fetish to pro
tect property, n. , likinda.
out of, vph., pima pekele.
pointed, used as arrow but not
feathered, n., lobasi.
put in canoe to elevate goods
from bottom, n. , lokili.
(stake), ., lipata, eyela, eyingo.
thin, ., momiomio.
ehrough, vc., pombisa.
tied at ends of roof rafters, n.,
likangi.
to, vs. , bandema (b) ; vt., ba
nza; ind., banda.
to clean pipe, ., moncosi.
to keep a kind of fishing-trap
open, n., mobalo.
(twig), nph., mwa litaki, mwa
mwete.
walking, ., motbngo, montcingo, likando, mompbnga.

( 463 )

STICKINESS, ., lindambiti.
STICKING fast, ., nkakatu.
STICKS put in pot to prevent food
burning during cooking, n. ,
eyalela.
STICKY, ndj. , ndambiti.
STIFF, vs., kandana, ngenzenzala ; ///,<'. , ngenzenze.
become, vs. , ngel\va, nge'nzwa.
stretched out, vs., sengangala,
sengengala ; ///,/., sengenge.
STIFFNESS, ., nkongongo.
of shoulders, nph., likongo li
molio.
STIFLE, vc., kibitinya; vs., kibitana, kibabala, yikayika ;
vii/. , kiba ; ind. , kibe.
STILT., and only outline discernible,
.-V. , limimala, limamala.
(however), adv., nde.
in one place, /./.. sika.
(in protesting), adv., nde.
(not moving), vs., lengwa.
(silent), vin. , bendo; vs., tilima, lekekala, lekakala ;
vph., zala biu; ind., ti, biu,
cabe, lekeke.
sit, vs., ngenzenzele.
(yet), adv., nani ; some are still
on the beach, baoko banga
nani b libbngo.
STILLBORN child, n. , etuli, etuki.
STIMULATE, vc., salinginya.
STING, vt., bata; /<.. eyonza, lososo.

STINGINESS, ., loyima.
STINGING, ind., nga-nga.
STINGY, vin., yima.
person, //. . moyimi.
STINK, vin., lumba; ., eliimbc.
STINT, vt., nuete.
(withhold), OT.,yima; .,loyima.
STIPULATE, vt., benga.
emphatically, vt., bengbla.
STIPULATION, n., mbengu.
(thing stipulated), ., mobengo.
STIR, .-'/., kulumba, butola.
fire, -'t., coma.
oneself, vs., sekwa,
(rouse), vt., yumbla.

STICKI-STORE

STIR (continued).
mud up in water, vph., kubola
mai; vt. , bundola.
STITCH, ., motongo.
(in side of body after exertion),
., mobando.
STOCKADE, n., engumba.
STOCKING, nph., elambae likaka
esanda.
STOCKS, //., csbko, epoke.
STOICISM, ., mpiko.
STOKE, vt., coma.
STOMACH, n., likundu.
large, of a ruminant animal, n. ,
ncaka.
ache, ., etwaki.
STONE, ., libwa,
of fruit, //., mongenga.
kind of, the only kind in the Lukolela district, ., likenzeke.
STOOL, ., ekili, mbata, ngwende.
STOOP, vs. , yinama ; ind. , yine.
beneath so as to pass under, vt.,
yinbla.
continue to, vs., yinanala.
STOP, vin., bende, lese, yika.
(abandon, relinquish), vt., kila,
sabbla.
(block up), vt., yika.
(finish), vt. , sila.
(forbid), vt., yeka.
definitely, finally, vph. , yeka bobele-bobele.
full (punctuation mark), ., bosuku.
in course of doing anything, vin.,
simba.
[ba.
noise, talking, vph. , bende bilorain (said to be in the power of a
witch doctor to do so), vph.,
yika <' kata likolb.
up, vc., kindisa ; , '/., sina ; vs.,
sinya.
STOPPED up, vs., kindana.
STOPPER, ., esinya, elinda, elindb, elindwa.
STORAGE under roof, n., nganga.
STORE, ., ebbmbela; nph., libbmba li biloko ; vt. , bbmba.
-room, nph., moi mb ndako.

STORED-STRIDE

( 464 )

STORED, vs., bungana.

STORM, ., elele [//., biclelc'].
STORY, n., ece.
tell a, vph., ta ece.
STOUT, vin. , none; adj., -ne.
become, vin. , Icata.
STOUTNESS, ., lotbto.
mistaken for pregnancy, ., ebblo.

STOVE, n., elenge.

STOW, vt. , bbmba.
STOWAWAY, ., mobbmbani.
STRADDLE, vph., tambola kandanda, yakema makolo tangangalu, yakema panga; -<:<.,
pangema, kandandala.
STRAGGLE, vph. , ya mobete.
STRAIGHT, vs., sembwa ; ind.,
welele.
along. g. vs-/ tandema; ind.,
tanda.
(of hair), ind., nyblolo.
(of tree), ind., tundululu.
(no knots or turns), vph., se
mbwa ti-ti.
to end of journey, go, vs. , longangala.
STRAIGHTEN, vt., cibolo, sombola.
by bending or stretching, vt.,
bebola.
(one's back), vt., ninola.
up a falling or fallen house, vt.,
bebola.
STRAIGHTSIDED, vs., ngonzbnzala; ///</., ngonzbnzb, ngenzenze.
STRAIGHTWAY (in past time), ph.,
bobele angani.
(in present time), ph. , bobele
sik'awa.
STRAIN, ., boletu, bolito.
(filter through), vt., kongo.
and grunt, vph., yeme nzbto.
(make tense), vph., ne'na ndi.
something off surface, vt. , yetolo.
(stretch), vt., ne'na.
STRAINER, . , ekanzoli.
STRANDED, vs., kbnzama; vt.,
kbnza; ind., konza.

STRANGE, intj., ebula!

(reason of palaver hidden), ind. ,
mimilimi.
thing, ., mpapo (mosei). ftu/.
STRANGENESS, n., bobutu (lobuSTRANGER, n., mobutu.
(wayfarer), ., mobembi.
STRANGLE, vt. , zatela.
with a bar, vph., yika monkelenge.
STRAP, ., moncenge.
for chastising, n. , mfoembo.
STRATAGEM, nph., moango mo
mayele.
STRAW, .//., bisbbe, biululu.
STRAY, vs.. papwa.
STREAK, n., montili.
of lightning, ., mokakali.
across sky at sunset, n., losakb.
STREAM, n. , mosblo.
inland, //., mokeli.
STREET, //., nzela, mongolo.
narrowing towards end, ., likoto.
STRENGTH, n., bokbti, lingolo,
nguya.
STRENGTHEN, vc., kendlsa, kbtisa.
STRESS, n., bokendisi.
lay, vc., kendisa.
STRETCH, vt. , ne'na, se'na.
open, vt., balbla.
out, ;;'/., sembbla.
out (to show), vc., kekisa.
out (offer), vc., kimisa.
straight, vt., bebola.
of land, curved, n. , ngunda.
STRETCHED, ind. , ndai, ndi.
apart, legs, vs. , pangema ; ind. ,
panga.
out, vs., yembe'mbala; ind.,
ye'mbe'mbe.
out stiff, vs., se'nge'ngala, se'ngangala ; ind. , se'ngenge.
STRETCHER, ., mobbngolokb.
STREW, vt., miake'la, cakinya ;
vs., cakana; ind., ca.
STRICT, vph., bakisa kilo-kilo,
loba kilo-kilo.
STRIDE, ., litambe ; -'ph., bwaka litambe.

(465)
STRIFE, ., zbmano.
engage in mutual, vs., kulana.
STRIKE, vt., bete, tola.
feebly (of striker of gun), vph.,
kita kwekese.
fire (a lucifer match or by flint
and steel), i.'t., cecula.
heavily with a stout stick, vph.,
bete bi, samba mwete.
lightly with small stick, vph.,
bete bia-bia.
off(filip), vt., pasbla.
off (break), vt., pekolo.
out (erase), 'vt., sungbla. [tula,
the foot against something, vt.,
with a club, i '/. , pioka, samba ;
in!l, Plo.

with a missile, vt., ma.

with the fist, vph., bbla or bete
libbto.
STRIKER of gun, ., lino.
lower, vt., wblo, sekolo.
STRING, ., mokulu, mosinga.
of beads, .. mosbngilaka, moncongilaka.
STRINGED instruments, ., longombi, mokbngbngbli, esanga.
STRIP, ., eyeti.
of cloth, n., mondendi.
of giass land running into forest,
i/., llsongeleke.
STRIPE (line), ., montili.
of colour on body, ., losakb.
of colour, make, vph., sakbla
noakb.
of separate stuff, ., mbembo.
in thrashing, i/., mbembo.
STRIVE, vs., kasakasa ; vt., zoka,
zokbla.
STROKE, . , libeti.
STROLL, vph., tambola se botambola.
STRONG, vin., ke'nda, kemba,
kbta; vs., kilangana ; in,l,
kili-kili.
although small, vs., kelengene.
become, vs., ngelwa, ngenzwa.
of wine, vin., kbta.
person, . , moybnzb.
STRONGLY paddling, ., monyeki,
monyeke.

STRIFE-STURDI

STRUCK by spear, arrow, vs. , ngengwa.

[sa).
STRUGGLE, vs., kasakasa (kakaagainst death, vs., pupasana.
against something death-threaten
ing, _w///. , buna na engulumisa.
for, vap., wela, belela.
to get away, vs., pasapasa.
to recover one's balance, vs., t&
lengana.
STRUT, vph., tambola bekeke.
(building), ., mpiko.
STUBBLE, piece of, n., libaku.
STUBBORN, '/ '///., ke'nda, kemba,
kbta ; vs. , ngenzwa.
STUCK, i'.r., tungama.
(of bird in birdlime), vs., poteme; vt., potia ; in, /., pbte,
kwoko.
STUDENT, ., moyekoli.
STUDY, vph., yekbla ti.
STUFFINESS, ., ekiba.
STUMBLE, vph., tula libaku.
STUMBLING block, ., libaku.
STUMP of cut-off ear, nph., litoi
engulu.
of tree, n., esinginya, esiningi,
esbnga.
sharp, n., esengete.
STUN, vt., yimbbla.
STUNNED, vs., sulwa, yimbwa.
STUNTED, vs., kelwa; vin. , senza.
growth, thing or person of, .,
mangelingeli 8.
STUNTEDNESS, ., bosenza.
STUPEFIED (heavy with sleep or
drink), nph., miso poi-poi ;
vph., poibana na.
STUPEFY (intoxicate), vc., langisa.
STUPENDOUS, vc., kamwisa.
STUPID, ind., nzenzele.
make appear, vt., bubula.
person, ., elema, eyeya.
talk, n.pl., bilobaloba.
STUPIDITY, ., nzenzele.
STUPIDNESS, "/'/'-, mutu mokbti,
mutu moletu.
STURDINESS, n., ngingi, nkenke,
nkinki, ngenge.
H H

STURDY-SUFFO

( 466 )

STURDY, vin., kbta, kenda, kemba.

STUTTER, vc., kukumisa.
STY, ., esake, olabo.
in eye, //., montbbya.
STYLE, ., lltanda. Us: also the
derivative of manner from the
verb.

SUAVITY, nph., eyango e mambi.

SUB-CHIEF, //.. nkbnwa i.
SUB-DIVIDE, vph., kakbla ce-ce.
SUBDUE, -,;., bendisa, ngendolo,
sunga.
SUBDUED, vs., lekakala, lekekala, lemamala, yingangala ;
ind., lekeke.
SUBJECT, vt., sbkia [sbkeme, so-

ko].
(matter), n., zambi.
(of a chief), n. , mwana.
to, vt., tosa.
SUBJECTION, ., bosokemi.
SUBLIME, ind., ka.
SUBMERGE, vt., yina.
SUBMISSION, n., botosi; nph., bosokii nzbto.
SUBMIT, vt., tosa; vph., sokia
nzoto.
SUBORDINATE, vt., sokia [sbke
me, sbke].
SUBORDINATION, ., bosbkemi.
SUBORN, ;'/'//., sombo pete-pete.
SUBSCRIBE, vt., takbla.
SUBSCRIPTION, ., ntakb.
SUBSEQUENT, dph. , na mbisa.
SUBSERVIENT, vt., sunga.
SUBSIDE, vin., sunda; vph., benda wb.
SUBSIDY, nph., mbemba ll monkandi.
SUBSIST, vin., zala.
. .
SUBSTANCE, n., ekbtisela.
(goods), //.//.. bikatela.
SUBSTANTIAL, adj., -yike; vin.,
kbta.
feast, ///'.'/.. elambo eyike.
SUBTERFUGE, ., eyako, mokalo.
SUBSTITUTE, vph., tele b nongo ;
nph., moweli b nongo.
another to die for oneself, vph.,
sbmba nkingb.

SUBTLETY, n.pl., mayele.

SUBTRACT, vt., longbla.
SUBTRACTION, n.. bolongbli.
SUCCEED, vs., nyengwa.
to position, vs., kitana, tambana; vt., tuka.
SUCCESSFUL, vin., komo.
SUCCESSION, ., mokitano.
SUCCESSIVE day, nph., busa na
busa.
SUCCINCT, vs., keketene.
SUCCOUR, vt. , sunga.
SUCCULENT, adi., -kou; vin., ko.
SUCCUMB, vin., wa.
SUCH, use dem. adj.
as, adv., ete ; apl/., lollmo ete.
in such a way, ind., be, bbngb,
tu ; he spoke in such a way,
na yeye munya tu.
-and-such, n., ndeki.udckn.ni.
SUCK, vt., nyunya, yunya.
give, vc., nuangisa.
(of infant), vt., nuanga.
SUDDEN, dph., na lobangu, n'd
bika ka.
(appearing), ind. , pusuku, pwasa, pambasaka.
(appearing out of house, etc.),
ind., pwe.
(appearing out of water), ind. , pu.
SUDDENLY turn aside, vs., kolbmwa.
SUDORIFIC, nph., mono mb botoklsa.
SUET, nph., esangi e mali.
SUFFER, vin., kamba, wa; vph.,
to bwale.
blight, vph. , wa na esulu.
loss, vph. , wa libomi.
(of heart) with heartburn, vt.,
tongbla.
SUFFERING, n., botoi,
SUFFICE, vin., koka.
SUFFICIENCY, ., likoka.
SUFFICIENT, ind., be, be-be; vin.,
koka.
make, vc. , kokisa.
quite, vs., kokabana.
SUFFOCATE, vin., kiba; vi.,kibitana.kibabala ; ,- . , yikinya;
vph., wa na ekiba ; ind., kibe.

( 467 )
SUFFOCATION, ., ekiba.
SUGAR, ., monkoko.
cane, ., monkoko.
SUGGEST, vt. , yengia.
SUICIDE, commit, vph., boma
nzbto.
commit by hanging, vph., koma
nzoto.
SUIT, vc., kokisa.
(do well), vin., lbnga.
(of clothes), ., ebonda.
SUITABLE, vii/., homo.
SUITE (retinue), ., bongili.
(set), n., ebonda.
SULPHUR, ., sulapula (Eng. ) 3.
SULKY, vs., lukakala.
SULLEN, dph., na nkiki, na minzinda.
SULTRINESS, ., elangampali.
SULTRY day, nph., busa bo elangampali.
SUM, ., moputano.
SUMMER, nph., moca mo masolela.
SUMMIT, ., mpasa, enongele,
ntolo.
SUMMON, vt., bianga.
SUN, ., likanga.
hot, ., moyoyo
SUNDAY, n., eyenga, ncono ene.
SUNDRY, adj., -oko.
SUNHEAT, n., eyangala.
severe, //., elangampali.
SUNK,_ hopelessly, ind., biabu,
bobu.
SUNKEN, vs., boletene.
cheeked, nph., mobanga boba.
eyes, nph., miso bongosonu,
mbongo or mpbko.
SUNLIGHT, ., mwese.
prefer to be in, vs., kebabala.
SUNSET, ///. , nkumba ekokwete
likanga.
SUNSHADE, ., lingembwa (longemba).
SUNSHINE, ., mwese.
SUNSTROKE, nph., mov/ciwe mo
mwese.
SUP, vt., nua.
SUPERABUNDANCE of dress, n.,
ndendo.

SUFFO-SURGE

SUPERB, //l','/., ebali bolamu,

ebali zeni.
SUPERFICIAL matter, nph., zambi
ll ndanda.
SUPERFINE, nph., ebali zeni.
SUPERFLUOUS, vs., ngandandala,
kandandala ; ind. , ngandanda, kandanda.
article, nph. , eloko e mpula.
SUPERINTEND the doing of any
thing, vc., bakisa.
SUPERINTENDENT, ., mobakisi.
SUPERIOR, ., ebali; n.eolq., mobali, mbali.
SUPERIORITY, n.colq., lina. Su
perior cloth, iiph., elamba e
lina.
SUPERLATIVE person or thing, .,
ebali.
SUPERNATURAL, vph., pita mambi ma molongo.
SUPERSEDE, vph., kula epose e.
SUPERSTITION, ., eyambayamba.
SUPERVISE, vt., kengele.
SUPPER (evening meal), nph. , lile
ll mpbkwa.
SUPPLANT, vph., bila na mayele.
SUPPLE, ind., mblu.
SUPPLICATE, vt., pekele, bondele, bondemele ; .;''//.,
mongono nopekele.
SUPPLY, vt., pe, kaba.
SUPPORT, vt., suke'la; n., esukcla.
SUPPRESS, vph., yeka bobelebobele.
SUPPURATE, /.,luluba (yuluba).
SUPREMACY, nph., boyakemi ka.
SUPREME, ind., ka.
SURE, vph., ye'ba na nyomoni.
SURELY, aph., so nyomeni or
solo.
SURETY money, n.pl., mleneke.
SURFACE, //., ndanda.
large, -'.-.. etando.
SURFEIT, vc., langisa.
SURFEITED with little food, nph.,
yoka ndobi.
SURGE, .//., mabubu; vph.,
bola nzoto.

SURGEON-SWILL

(468 )

SWAGGERING, n.pl., bipali, biSURGEON, ., nganga i.

SURLINESS, ., ndbkb.
kaka.
SURLY, n., nuyabana.
SWALLOW, vt., mina, nua.
SURMISE, vc., kanisa, conya SWALLOWED up, ind., biabu,
(sonya).
bobu.
SURMOUNT, vph., leka bokbti ; SWALLOWING, ind., biongolo.
SWAMP, n., linyenge.
vt., ngendolo.
grass, n., lisau.
SURNAME, nph., llna ll bosangb.
SURPASS, vt., pita, leka, lekbla.
small, n. , esabekela.
SWARM, ., bokanda; .-.\, nyaSURPASSING, vs., pamwa.
completely, ind., wi.
langana.
of bees, ., bbngonzbl [pl.,
SURPLUS, n., mpula, mpondo ;
ind. ngandanda, kandanda.
mbngbnzbl].
of places, /'//.. mpula ll nongo.
(teem), vs. , puswangana ; ind.,
puso-puso, pusu-pusu.
SURPRISE, vc., kamwisa; vs.,
SWAY, vs. , yembeyembe, lemtckamwa; . , bokamwi.
1ciubc, lembesene; vc., 1e(thing), i/., ekamwisela.
expression of, intj., ao ! kwama !
mbisa ; ind. , lembele.
kwema !
SWEAR, .-"///.. simba ndai.
SWEAT, vin., toka.
and desire combined, intj., iye!
great, intj., iyobo!
SWEEP, vt., yombolo.
SWEEPING brush, ., eyombbli,
SURRENDER, vph., pe nzbto.
lombo [//. , nzombb].
SURROUND, vt., linga, zbnga;
vs., lingama; ind., linga, SWEEPINGS, ., miula.
SWEET, . , bolie ; vs. , cekubana,
zbngb, zb.
lengubana, lenguma; ind.,
in great numbers, ind. , zb-zb-zb.
ceku-ceku, lengu-lengu.
SURVEY, vt., kengele.
smelling thing, ., molmbb(moSURVIVE, vs., tikana, lekana.
SUSCEPTIBILITY, ., loyambako;
yimbb).
SUSPECT, vph., kanisa se boka- SWEETBREAD (anat), ., lobele.
SWEETEN,
vc., cekubinya, lengunisaka;
binya/ vph., tele minkokb.
SUSPEND, vt., lella, bakia, pakia; t's., leleme, bakema SWEETHEART, ., ndeko i.
pakema; /,/., lele, baka, SWEETHEARTING, ., bondeko.
paka.
SWEETNESS, ., bolengi, il'cii'c.
on back, ;-/., tengia [tengeme,
(of smell), ., bolmbb /boyltinge].
mbb).
SUSPENDERS, .//., makambu.
SWELL, vin., tuta, yulbla.
SUSPENSION of growth, ., loko(of corpse), vs., ngambambala.
ndo.
out, vs., nyalwa.
SUSPENSE, /////.. bosimbami bo SWELLING, ., etutisa, lltutu.
moloko.
hard, n., enguni.
hold in, v///., simbisa moloko.
in groin or armpit, ., mompiSUSPICION, ., mokakatand.
pa.
SUSPICIOUS, vs., kakatana.
large (on neck), . , mongeke.
SUSTAIN, vt., kata, nyanya, menear elbow, ., libolu.
me (beta, betbla).
SWEPT clean, ind., yombo-yombo.
SWERVE, vs., pengwa, yengwa,
(make continue), vc., bikisa.
pengeme; ind., penge.
SWAGGER, vs., langalanga, langasana, langatana; .-///.. < SWIFTNESS, ., bwalb, lobangu.
kela bipali.
i SWILL, vt., yukbla.

(469 )
SWIM, vin., nyekele; vph., nyanya mai.
(float), vs., tollma; ind. , toll.
' hand over hand, vin., caba, sawith breast stroke, vph., yetolo
mai.
SWIMMING, n., bonyekeli; ind.,
nye-nye.
feebly, ind., tuba-tuba.
SWINDLE, vap., kutela.
SWINE, n., ngombele.
SWING, vs., lelima ; ind., lelileli ; n. , moleli.
SWINGING, vs., lembelembe, lembesene; ind., lembele.
SWIRL, vs., zelengene; ind., ze-

lele.
SWITCH, vt., pioka; ind., pid.
SWIVEL, ., swiwele (Eng.) 3.
SWOLLEN abdomen of emaciated
person, n., ngbngb.
SWOON, ., boncinga; vph., wa
boncinga.
SWOOP down upon, vt. , busa, cuka; vph., sunda lle; ind.,
biisi, kwaki.
SWORD, ., botale.
SYLLABLE, nph., eyeti e zambi.
SYMBOL, ., elembo.
SYMMETRY, n., bompb.
.SYMPATHIZE with, vc., tabinya.
SYMPATHETIC, vph., ybka maninga.
SYMPATHY, n.pl., maninga ; intj.,

ngb!
SYMPTOM, ., elembo.
SYNAGOGUE, nph., ndako e lingomba.
(congregation), n., lingbmba.
SYRINGE, nph., mongenzu mbtambwisa (mai) nyalala.
SYSTEM, ., moango (moyango).

TABERNACLE, ., mongumbe.
TABLE, n., epbmba, mesa.
eating, nph., epomba eboli.
wash, nph., epomba 6 bososi.
writing, nph., epbmba e bosoni.

SWIM-TAKE

TABLE (continued).
lay the, vph., tandbla epbmba.
clear the, vph., longbla bi epo
mba.
napkin, serviette, nph., litwaya
ll epbmba.
-cloth, .v/v/., elamba e epbmba.
-land, n., llsembe.
TABLET, nph., mwa epbmba,
mwa mobonda.
TABOO, vc., kilisa.
TABOOED thing, ., ekila, mokil&.
TACITURN, vs., mlmwa.
TACK (in sewing), vph., tonga
poloko-poloko.
(small nail), n., lingenge, ncete
zata-zata.
TACKLE, n.pl., biloko.
(try), vt., meka.
TACT, //.. likani, llkbkii.
TADPOLE, ., lintaka.
TAIL, ., moncasi.
feather, ., mbtbtb; pl., miototo.
TAILOR, nph., motongi d bilamba.
TAINT, ., ncolo; vc., sumbisa.
TAKE, ;-/., kamba, tbmba.
(receive), vt., kwa, yamba, (im
perative only) ma.
across a river, ,' '/. , basbla.
aim, ,-/., sisa.
advantage of. Construct on the
following model / they took ad
vantage of his absence^ to steal
the goats, bayibi ntaba nowe'la asili nolongwa.
a lump, vt., muka (buka).
a seat, vph., zala bwa.
a step, v///.. bwaka lltambe.
a w/dk, 7'/v',., tambolabotambola.
away, vt., longbla.
away box, etc., with contents
included, vt., ketolo.
away (snatch), vt., yosolo, katbla.
away stealthily, vph. , kwa wali,
away use of legs, vt., tukbla.
back, vph., kwabisa.

TAKE-TAME

( 470 )

TAKE (continued).
between finger and thumb, vt.,
nekolo.
breath, '<'/''.. batisa mpoma,
benda mpoma.
by handfuls, vt., cokbla; vph.,
kata libutaka.
care, :'.'., kengele, keka.
care of, r /. , batela, kakela.
(catch) a contagious disease, vt.,
yambetela.
courage, vph., yilcn mpiko.
down, vt., bakbla, pakbla, sokia.
exception, vph., bekolo mbekb.
fire, vin., lika.
for nothing, vph.colq., kwa monyango.
greedily, vt., busa, kwakbla;
iii/l, busi, kwaki, kwako.
heed, vt., kengele, keka.
hold, vt., kata.
in, vc., welisa.
in (deceivs), vt., kutinya.
in hand, vt., kata.
leave, vs., kakana.
leaves off, vt. , walbla.
much, plenty, too much, vph.,
kwa butti.
notice of, vt., kengele (kenge),
keka.
oath, -.///.. simba ndai, suba
ndai.
off (a button), vt., tungbla.
(a scab), vt., tobbla, toba.
off (clothes), vt., tungbla.
off (gloss or polish), vt., kolbla.
off (the fire), vt., labbla.
off (generally), vt., longbla.
(mimic), vt., sokolo.
off (lid, cover), vt., bumbbla,
libbla.
off, if nailed, vt., pandbla.
out, vt., bila [vs., bilwa], labb
la, longbla.
out entrails, vph., yolbla mincobo.
out of socket, vt. , ybngbla.
out of water, vt. , yinbla.
part, vs., putana; . '/., sange'la.
(pillage, spoil), vt., punza.

TAKE (continued).
pity, -'/'"'/.. ybka molika.
place, vp., kelibwa; vin. , ya.
poison in the test ordeal, vph.,
nua mbondb.
(receive), vt., yamba.
revenge, /.,_yita, bakinya.
root, vph., to nkanga.
the lead, vph., kwa mobosb._
the place of another, vph., kitana b nongo.
to heart, vph. , ybkela molika.
to pieces, vt., pandbla.
turn, vs. , kitana, tambana.
up all (of anything), vph., bbso
twi.
up and carry, vt., nyanya.
up from the ground, vt., lungbla.
up handfuls to inspect or as in
winnowing, i'/"., nyabbla,
nyabula.
up in alternate order, vc. , betinya.
up in curved palm of hand, vt. ,
tbkbla.
upon oneself to do, vph., walangana nokela.
very little at a time, vpl/., kwa
wali, kwa we-we.
up with a cloth, vt., boso.
TAKER, . , mokwi.
TALE, ., ece.
(news), n.pl., ncango, mikblb ;
n. , munya.
tell, vph., ta ece,
TALENT (faculty), ., bwanya.
TALETELLING, . , lileki.
TALK, see also SPEAK.
idle, .//., bilobaloba.
long about many things, vph.,
labasana na bilobai
loudly, vs., yokbtana.
while asleep, n.pl. , bilalai.
without pause, .-'..., babangana.
TALL, adj. , -sanda; ind., sololblb.
and broad, vs., kokbsana.
become, vin., sanda.
[bb.
TALLER in comparison, ind., sbbbTALON, ., lonzali.
TAME, '.'.-., yekasana, mesene.
animal, n., ebwa.

TAMPER-TELL

(471 )
TAMPER, vph., kata sanu, pusunganu or pusu-pusu.
TANG of knife, . , molungola,
TANGLE, vc.. lingitinya ; vs. , llngatana.

TANK, ., tanka^Eng.) 3.
TANTALIZE, vc., tungisa, sisbla.
TANTAMOUNT, nph., lokbla loko
na, lolimo cte.

TAP, vap., betele; ind., ko-ko.

(of vessel), . , enono.
(palm for wine), vt., tuba; vs.,
tubya.

TAPE, ///'h., moliki mo elamba.

TAPER, vt. , selia [seleme, sele].
TAR, n.pl., milaka.
TARDINESS, //., lokilo.
TARDY, vs., mbnyibana, ngbnyibana, yungwa ; ind. , monyi-

monyi, ngonyi-ngonyi.
TARGET, n., ebengi.
TARRY, vin., bika;_zrf., ki.
TART, ndj., nkangi.
TARTAR (of teeth), accumulate,
7.-/., buba.
on teeth, n.pl., bimbo ; n., keke 3, mbbmba.
TARTNESS, n., nkangi.
TASK, ., lotbmo, mwengi.
daily, //., ebekela.
to another, go from one, vs.,
yengayenga.
TASTE, vph. , meka o munya,
ybka b munya ; nph. , boybki
b munya ; . , enoni.
for a thing, lose the, ///., ngai
(minkokb) b munya na zu
te.

TASTELESS, vs., sabwa.

TASTELESSNESS, ., bosabwi.
TASTY, something to eat with dry
food, //., mompiekete; nph.,
ebwele e ncai, ncu e ncai.
TATTLE, vph., pbsbla mambi pb.
TAUNT, vph., bwakela etaya ;

;-'/., sisola.
TAUT, ind., ndai, ndi.
render, vt. , nena.
TAVERN, n., enuela.
TAX, n., monyango; vph., le
monyango.

TAX (continued).
gather, vt., nyanga.
on article taken on conserved
ground, n., lokolo lb ese.
TEA, ., sa 3.
cloth, nph., elamba 6 ybmisa
malongb.
-pot, nph. , mpotb e lengole sa.
TEACH, vt., teya; vc., yekwisa,
lakisa.
TEACHER, ., moteyi, moyekwisi.
TEACHING, ., liteyo.
TEAM, n., ebonda.
TEAR, vt., kala; vs., kalwa, kalwangana, kayangana, kaiwangana.

asunder, vt. , kaka, kala.

off small piece, vt., konybla.
off slice lengthwise, vt., yatbla,
yata.

out, vt., bila; vs., bilwa.

up by roots, vt. , bokbla.
(from the eye), n., mobsbli.
shed, vph. , tanga mibsbli.
TEASE, vc., tungisa.
out (fringe), vt., yolbla (wolbla).
TEAT, ., libele.
TEDIOUS, dph., na bonymgwi.
TEEM, vs. , puswangana; ind.,
puso-puso, pusu-pusu.
TEETH, see TOOTH.

clench the, vph. , yimba mind,

yika mind.
cut, n.fil. , ncanya, mianya.
cut (of child), vph. , tula mind.
cut or file, vph., wala, kala or
yatbla mind.
grind the, vph., kelete mind,
kola makeleti.
on edge, set, vph., bandisa
mind.

TEETOTUM, ., losoko.
TELESCOPE, ., talatala e keka
mosika.
TELL, vt. , sakbla, yobolo, tatbla,
bandbla, (words) londo, (peo
ple) londele.
a lie, vt., kutinya; vph., loba
lokuta.

TELL-THANKFUL

(472 )

TELL (continued).
a secret, vp//., bola zambi ll
nkuku.
a tale, story, vph. , ta ece.
each other, vrec. , sakwasana.
out to person's face, vph., bolela
in oto mambi.
the news, ,''///., bete ncango.
TELLING private matters, ., lileki.
TEMERITY, ., bonzanga.
TEMPER, ., nkanda (llall).
TEMPERAMENT, t/. , mombbto.
TEMPERANCE, ., bonueti, boyiketeli, boyikakali.
TEMPERATE, vt., kengele, yiketela ; vs. , yikakala.
TEMPEST, ., ele'le [//., bielele].
TEMPLE, nph., ndako e bonyambe.
of head, ., lopakatbi.
TEMPORARY dwelling, ., mongumbe.
dwelling (booth), ., mokondoki.
TEMPORIZE, vph., suka na mikand, suka na miango.
TEMPT, vt., lengbla.
TEMPTATION, ., bolengbli.
(being tempted), ., bolengwibwi.
(anything which appeals to a
person as temptation), ., molengo.
TEMPTING, ., bolengbli, elombele.
TEMPTER, ., molengoli.
TEN, ., zbmu.
TEND, vt., kengele.
TENDENCY, . , mpbsa.
TENDER (oSer),vc., kimisa.
(soft), vin., ko; adj., -kou.
TENDERNESS, ., molika.
TENDING palm trees, ., llseba.
TENDON, ., montulu.
TENDRIL, ., litaki, etaki, ekoki.
TENON, ., tenone (Eng.) 3.
TENSE, vs., lendana; ind., ndai,
ndi.
make, vt., nena, se'na; i'/'//..
nena ndi.

TENT, nph., mongumbe mo elamba.

TENTH, see ORDINAL numbers.
TEN THOUSAND, ., kiasl 3.
TEN THOUSANDTH, see ORDINAL

numbers.
TENT-PEG, ., litengu.
TEPID, vs., lekwa.
TERM (time), ., elembe (esembe).
(name), ., llna, elobela.
TERMINATE, vin., sila, suka; w.,
silisa, sukisa.
TERMINATION, _., losilo, masukela, bosuku.
TERMINUS, ., bosuku.
TERMITE, ., loselele, (male) londulenge.
TERMS of peace, nph., mambi ma
nyile.
TERRACE, ., lobbko.
make a, vt., boka.
TERRIBLE Jmatter), nph., zambi
ll mwanga.
TERRIFY, vc., mwangisa, pakisa;
vin., mwanga, pakima; ind.,
paki-paki.
TERRITORY, n. , mokbndo.
TERROR, ., emwa, emwanga,
lipaki, bongo; n.pl., mangei.
in, 7's., mwanga, pakima.
TEST, vt., meka ; ., molobbto,
momeko.
TESTAMENT, nph., monkana mo
libula.
New, ///., Mbe'ngu etemu.
Old, nph., Mbe'ngu ekali.
(will), ., libula.
TESTICLE, ., lobanga (momanga).
TESTIFY, vt., tatbla.
TESTIMONIAL, .,_motato.
TEXT, ., liyebisa.
THAN. This is included in the verb
pita, leka or lekbla which are
used in the mahing of compari
sons.
THANK, vt., tondo.
THANKFUL, nph., mpbsa e tondo.

(473 )

THANKLESS, vph., senga matondi,

senga ma tondo.
THANKS, n.colq., ebbto.
a giving of, ., litondi, botondi,
motondele.
give, vt., tondo.
THANKFULNESS, see THANKS.
THANKSGIVING, see THANKS.
THAT, adv., ete.
dem. adj., see THIS.
is to say, .-///., linga bolobl
ete.
THATCH, vph., yumbbla mwaTHAW, vs., senzwa, nyangana.
THE, art. If emphatic definiteiiess
is required the dem. adj. is
used. In other cases where it
may require to be expressed the
noun is made into a definitive
clause and the adj. part. then
represents the article ; forfur
ther illustration of this usage,
see adjectival clause in Gram
mar.

THEE, pron. , yo.

THEFT, ., loyiba.
THEM, pron., is the same inform
as they, which see.

THEMSELVES, ref. pron., I, 2, 3,

bangbme, 4, bingbme, 5, 6,
lingbme, 7, 8, 9, 10, mangome, n, mingbme.
THEN, adv., angani; aph., sik'a-

ngani.
Also expressed by the use of the par
ticiple of coincident action,
when I went in he went out, 6
well ngai yeye mpe mipimela.

THENCE, adv., bngo, angani.

to, ph., yeka or ki b.
THEORY, n., ntina.
THERE, adv., angani, bngo, ani.
THEREFORE, adv., angani; ph.,
na ewela enya, na ewela e
boye.
THESE, see THIS.
THEY, pron., \, 2, 3, bangb; 4,
bingo; 5, 6, lingo; 7, 8, 9,
10, mango; n, mingb.

THANKLESS-THIRSTY

THICK, adj., -ne ; vs., bikitana;

ind., blkiti.
bush, //., ekaka.
in comparison, ind. , pipo.
(not watery), ind., boto.
(of crowd), vs., nyelengene.
THICKEN (by boiling down), vc.,
botisa.
THICKNESS (of a book, etc.), .,
mobombo.
(of forest), nph. , mpika kio-kio.
(not thin), n., mbinga.
THIEF, ., moyibi.
THIEVE, vt., yiba.
THIEVING, nph., loboko bosali,
molbko mpb.
THIGH, ., ebelo.
THIMBLE, nph., eloko e mosei e
tonga.
THIN, ind. , bondu ; adj. , -ke.
and long, ;'.-. , wangangala ;
in,l., wangala, wanganga.
(not stout), vin., tunga.
and emaciated, n,/i., likalanyanga.
and light through illness, vs.,
yaibana ; ind. , yai-yai.
become, vin., soto.
extremely, vs., lelibana ; ind.,
leli-leli.
(of flesh on nut), ind., kenenge.
(of food with water), vs., solwa ;
ind., sololo.
(of person), ndj., mombenzele.
person become, n. , ekalakasa.
THINE is expressed by construing

yo in an adj. cl.
THING, ., eloko, zambi.
given to taste or try, ., momeko.
the name of which you forget,
or do not care to mention, n.,
ndeki, ndekani.
THINK, vc., kanisa, simwinya.
THINKING, ., bokanisi, bosimwinyi.
THINNESS, ind., eli-eli.
THIRD, see ORDINAL numbers.
THIRST, nph., mposa e mal or e
nua.
THIRSTY,Z<///. , ybka mpbsa 6 nua.

THIRTEEN-THROW

( 474 )

THIRTEEN, ///., zbmuna (mi)tano.

THIRTEENTH, see ORDINAL num
bers.
THIRTY, n., bweli.
. T/ns, without reference to any par
ticular thing or idea, dan. adj.,
boye.
1st position denotes nearness to
speaker ; the 2nd denotes what
is distant from the speaker, but
is visible ; the 3rd denotes that
which is remote, or what
has been mentioned and is not
seen. The stems are 1st posi
tion -y& (which is for nouns in
the 2nd class -yo) ; 2nd posi
tion, -na ; 3rd position, -nya.
These are all enclitic, and are
attached to the adjectival par
ticle ; for further information
see Grammar.
THONG, ., ekokila.
THORN, n. , lilo, losende.
THOROUGH, ind., be, toe-be; vin.,
kbmo.
THOROUGHLY, ind., nye, wa.
THOSE, see THIS.
who, //., ekambe, ekambi.
THOU, pron., yo.
THOUGHT, ., bokanisi.
THOUGHTFULNESS, ., likani,
likbka.
THOUGHTLESS, dph., na mutu te ;
vph. , senga bokanisi.
THOUSAND, ., nkbto.
THOUSANDTH, see ORDINAL num
bers.
THRASH, vt., kuta.
THREAD, n., londlmba.
beads, / '/. , songila ; ///-/. , sbngisongi.
for beads, //., mosbngilaka,
moncbngilaka.
of screw, . , lingoti.
THREAT, ., mokand.
THREATEN, vt., kana, ybsbla
munya, kwakbla munya.
but not perform, vap. ,sisela.
(of rain), vs. , yelangana.
THREE, adi., -sato; ., misato.

THRESHING floor, ., epupwela.

THRESHOLD, nph., ebeka e nce ;
., ebekako.
THRIFT, ., likekete.
THRILL, vin., mwanga; ., ngengeti.
as an electric shock, vt., banda.
THRIVE, vin., kata, nene, yongo ;
vs., nyengwa.
(of trees), vs., nyangatana.
THROAT, ., zelu (zoli).
THROB, vs., bendana ; n., mwebo.
THRONE, nph., ngwendc c bokonzi.
THRONG, vs., yikana.
THROTTLE, vap., zatela.
THROUGH, prep., b, ombe ;////.,
b nte'i or ntante'l e.
(by means of),////., na (nguya
6).
get, vs., pbmbana, popana, j)okana ; ind. , po.
go, vph., leka b ntantci.
go right, vin., pbmba.
pierce, vc. , pbmbinya, pbpinya,
pbkinya, pbmbisa.
THROUGHOUT, use the adj., -ncb on
the following model / through
out Lukolela there is not a
smithy to be found, b Lokolele
loncb enga nde d kundwa
ncoki lltuli lioko lea.
also by the use of mobimba ; the
cloth was sewn throughout by
hand, elamba mobimba etongibwi so na maboko.
THROW, vt., bwaka, yusa.
backwards and forwards, vrec.,
bwakasana.
at, but miss, vph., ta su or masu.
down (from height), vph., bwaka
ku.
down, vt. , somba, yunza.
mbesi a second time, vph.,
pula mbesi.
of all nkei in lobesi, n. , nceki.
off, :'/., bimbbla, pasbla.
oneself on (some one's care), vph.,
bwaka nzbto bmbe.
out, vph., bwaka b ndanda.

(475)
THROW (continued).
spear, vph., ta likongo.
spear obliquely, vph., sella mosiki.
sticky substance, vt., laba.
up in despair, vph., tika ngbu.
up water, vt. , yanzbla.
THRUST, vt. , cinza, cinzola.
(a spear) into, vt., kinza.
open, . '/., ngangbla.
THUD, ind., be, bo.
fall with a, vph., kita ku.
THUMB, /////., mosei mo bongo.
THUNDER, n., elunza.
(said of likolo), v/., lunza.
clap, /<l'h., lobanda lb elunza.
crash, ., nkake.
roll, n., elunza.
rolling, ., ngombe.
storm. There is generally electric
disturbance with a heavy storm,
so that there is no special word
for a storm with lightning and
thunder.
THURSDAY, nph., masalamamanui.
THUS, ind., be, bbngo (bengb) ;
adv., ete.
THWART, vc. , simbisa.
THYSELF, ref. pron., yome.
TICK, ind., kia-kia ; /-/>h., cikana
kia-kia.
(on sheep and other animals), .,
ekwa.
TICKET, nph., lingongo li elembo.
TICKLE, vt., nyomita; ind., nyomi.
TIDINESS, n., likongi.
TIDINGS, good, ///., ncango
ndamu.
TIDY, vt., konga.
TIE, ,'/., kanga, koto, koma; .,
mokango.
in long bundles, vph., kanga
wongolo.
a knot, vph. , koma liswe.
bow knot, vph., koma boyunola.
fast, vph., kanga ko-ko.
knot tight, vph., koma cwcke.

THROW-TIME

loosely, vt., lendia [lendeme,

lende].
on at suitable intervals (as laths),
vc., kengitinya, kangitinya ;
,'>. , kengetene, kangatana ;
. '/'. , kengitibwa, kangitibwa.
tightly (of belt), vs., cwekene ;
ind. , cweke.
< ns-v., tingia [tingama, tinge].
up (parcel), '/., coma.
TIED with many strings, ind., kotingi-kbtingi.
TIER, n., loyalo, eyalo.
TIFF, n., zomano.
TIGHT, ind. , ndai, ncli.
fitting, vin., kama.
hold, keep, r.-., sukatana, snkana.
draw, vph., benda ndu or ndi.
feel, vin., kiba ; ind., kibe.
together, ind., ngongb.
TIGHTEN, vt., yimba,
TIGHTNESS, .,mpika; ind., kiokio.
TILE, ., twile (l-'r.) 3.
[tu.
TILL (cultivate), vph., sala maso(to time of), see UNTIL.
TILT, .-.'.. kengia [kengama, kenga].
(cant a table), vph., netola sole.
over, vt., bengbla.
TIME, //-, olembc (esembe).
at that, i//;//., sik'angani.
at this, dph., sik'awa.
beat, vph., bete or koma ekeko or llsiko.
beating of, //. , likindo.
fitting, proper or convenient, //.,
nkomo.
from this, ph. , bobandaka sik'a
wa, nobanda sik'awa.
from time to, use the derivative of
counted action / he comes from
time to time, akoya loya na
loya.
(in music), ., lisiko.
in old, ind., kala-kala.
in the daytime, aph., b mwese.
in the night time, aph., p moko-

TIME-TO

( 476 )

TIME (continued).
of day, see DAY.
of new moon, /1., motako.
of performing the action of a verb
is expressed by the derivative
of time / time of life, mazalela.
once upon a, nph., busa boko.
-piece, ., lolonzi (K.).
point of, n. , ndembe.
(season), ., moca.
take time to consider, vph. , lendela nokanisa.
this time next (month), b elembe
etc nde eye b (eyeli e) mbya.
TIMELY, dph., na nkomo.
TIMES in multiplication. Thesecannot be denoted by words mean;
ing time or a period of time,
but the idea is ex-pressed by
using the numeral as a noun,
and qualifying it by the nume
ral adjectives or nounal adjec
tives. 3 and 6 times are here
given as examples .Mioko misato minga misato.
Mibale misato minga motbba
Misato misato minga libwa.
Minei misato minga zbmu na
mibale.
Mitano misato minga zbmu
na mitano.
Mitbba misato minga zbmu
na mwambi.
Ncambo lisato linga makwabale na moko.
Miambi misato minga makwabale na minei.
Mabwa masato manga makwabale na ncambo.
Mbmu masato manga bweli.
Mioko motbba minga motbba.
Mibale motbba minga zbmu
na mibale.
Misato motbba minga zbmu
na mwambi.
Minei motbba minga makwabale na minei.
Mitand motbba minga bweli.

TIMES continued).
Mitbba motbba minga bweli
na motbba.
Ncambo motbba linga nyuminei na mibale.
Miambi motbba minga nyuminei na mwambi.
Mabwa motbba manga nyumitano na minei.
Mbmu motbba manga nyumotbba.
TIMID person, ., mobblu 2.
TIMIDITY, ., bobbiu.
TIN, ., linzanza.
opener, nph., etubi e linzanza.
plate or box, ., ngbbngblb.
TINDER box, ., eseno.
TINGLING, . , ngengeti.
TINKLE, vin., ninga.
TINY, nph., mwa boke-boke.
piece cut off, . , ececi.
portion, n. , lopumbu.
thing (appearing so on account of
distance), n., lingo.
TIP, n. , mpasa; colq., mutu.
of palm nut, n., bokbtb, monoke.
over, vt. , sbkia [sbkisa / ; vs. ,
sbkomo ; ind. , sbke.
TIPSY, vs., yembeyembe.
TIRED, vin., ko, langa; adj.,
-kbu.
out completely, vin. , tbngo.
TITHE, nph., libbndo ll zbmu.
TITLE, n. , liyebisa.
TITTER, vp//., zeke kie-kie.
To, prep., b, bmbe.
In sentences in which the prep.
denotes or introduces thepurpose
for which an object is required
the simple infinitive of the verb
is used in an adj. cl. ; as, water
to drink, mai ma nua.
is represented, when introducing
the purpose of a preceding verb,
by the purportive form of the
verb / he wanted to go, alingi
noke.
When the prep. follows the ob
ject of the preceding verb, it is
represented ly the subjunctive

TO-TOOTHLESS

(477)

To (continued).
mood of the verb which it
governs / he wished him to go,
almgi yeye ake.
and fro, aph., ani na ani.
to go there is to die, ndlki bke
bngo bwa, yo noke bngo
okbwa.
(as far as, until), see UNTIL.
the fish is for you to eat, nou
linga bmbc yo ll le.
brother to the king is rendered
as brother of the king.
To arms, intj., bid ! bid !
TOAD, ., ekbkbkb; various kinds
of, ., mbbtb-nce, kbkoko 3.
TOADY, vs., pelengene.
TOAST, vt. , lilbla.
TOBACCO, ., likaya.
ashes of, //., nciki.
leaf, //.. ekango, euya (eyuya),
likaya.
leaf, dried and rolled, ., mongolo, molangi.
leaves, bundle of, ., ekdta.
pipe, t!., nkonango.
pipe, moisture in, ., bopika.
TO-DAY, ., leio, le (leno) ; nph.,

lelo boye, busa bb lelo.

TODDLE, 'vl'//. , takbla makolo.
TOE, ., mosei.
great, /////. , mosei mo bongo.
sixth, . , montbbya.
TOGETHER, aph. , b nongo yoko.
get, vc., ybnginya; r.-., ybngana.
without orderly arrangement, vs.,

cakakala.
TOIL, vs., nyingwa; ., eningi.
TOKEN, ., elembo.
of sought for place, etc., ., nda-

kisa.
tied on bespoken article or on
finger as a reminder, ., mosunga.
on an article tie, vph., kanga-

mosunga.
TOLERABLE, vp., yisibwa.
TOLERANCE, n., boyisi.
TOLERATE, vt. , yisa.
TOLL, ., mbando.

TOMATO, ., elolb.
TOMB, n., liyita, liita (lilita, mombb ; pl. , miombb).
TO-MORROW, n., lbbi; nph., busa
bb lbbi, lbbi bbnya.
TONE, n.. ekbmbwa.
to vowel or syllable, give lowered
tone, m/. , sunda ; this is
marhed by the sign ~ for a, e, i,
o, u, andfor the modified e and
d by the sign ".
to vowel or syllable, give raised,
vin., bata. This is usually
left unmarhed for a, e, i, o, u ;
but when it is found necessary
to marh the tone the sign " is
used, andfor the raised tones of
e and 6 the sign " is used.
TONGS, ., nkbya.
TONGUE, ., lolemu.
TO-NIGHT, nph., lelo na mokolo.
TONSILS, n.pl., bileleku.
Too (also), adv., mpe.
many, much, ind. , bate.
(surpassing) is rendered by a verb /
he is too good, akolekola bolamu.
(very), ind., be.
few, little, ind., ngbe-ngbe.
TOOL, ///'//. , elokb e salela.
chest, /'//., nkobe e bilokb bi

salela.
TOOTH, ., lino.
absence of lower or upper incisor
teeth, //., bobungulunkutu.
ache, have, nph., mind mako-

banda.
-ache in two front teeth which
are generally filed, n., lombombb (lobombb).
-brush, ., longbli.
filed, ., mwanya, ncanya.
incisor, nph., lino ll mobali or

ndondb.
molar, nph., lino ll ekeku or
caka (eyaka).
knock out a, vph., bukbla lino.
pick, //.. pakbla.
unfiled, n. , epalo.
TOOTHLESS place in set of teeth,
n., bomuku.

TOP-TRAP

( 478)

TOP, ii., enongele, mpasa, ntolo.

TOPIC, ., liyebisa.
TOPSYTURVY, vs. , bulungana.
TORCH, ., mwundi (monbni).
fish with, vt., kwetekele.
TORMENT, vt., kosa, tuka, nyokolo / //., ekosa, lituka, monyoko, bwalu.
TORN (of clothes), ind., kia-kia.
TORNADO, n., elele ; .//., biele1c'.
TORRENT, ., ebbnga, mokeli.
TORTOISE, ., nkumba.
TORTURE, vt., kosa, tuka, nyokolo ; n., ekosa, lituka, monyoko, bwale.
Toss, v/., bimbbla, yusa, bwaka.
and catch again, vph., bwaka
pelele.
TOTAL, nph. , motuya monco.
TOTTER, ;/'//., tambbla tonono /
vs., zangazanga.
(of tall trees), vs., yembeyembe.
TOUCH, z)/.,-mama.
hole (of gun), nph., lilusu li
esau.
together, vs., ngondwa, kumana, bongwa.
TOUGHNESS, ., bonyito.
TOUR, i/., mobembo (mokingi).
Tow, vt., benda, kola.
TOWARDS, pph., b lokeng/i lb.
TOWEL, n. , litwaya.
[ba.
made from creeper, n., motutuTOWER, nph., eyako e mokongo.
TOWN, n., etuka.
of chief, . , ekanga.
massed together not in a long
line, ., iibuudu.
nearly empty, ., llsombo.
TOY, ., llsand.
TRACE, vt., bila, songo.
TRACK, n., mbondo, mobokd.
TRADE, ., ebekela, ekbngb,
mwengi, lotomo.
(endeavour to make money),
vph., luka mombongo, lukisa mombongo.
TRADEMARK, ., elembo.
TRADER, nph., moluki d mombo
ngo.

TRADING, ., mombbngo.
TRADITION, ., moke'to.
TRADUCE, vt., sele.
TRADUCTION, ., lisele.
TRAFFIC, n. , botamboli.
TRAIL, ., mobembi; vt., kolo,
bembe, ko.
TRAIN, vc., yekwisa.
(locomotive and cars), nph.,
bwengo bo nce.
TRAIT, ., elembo.
TRAITOR towards, vt. , lengele.
TRAITORSHIP, ., bolenge.
TRAMP, n., molala 11; vii/., tambbla.
character of, ., molalo.
TRAMPLE, vap., nyatela, zate'la.
TRANCE, ., nca.
in a, vph., wanoa.
TRANQUIL, ind., biu, oabe ; vs.,
tilima.
TRANQUILITY, ., nyile, molengeli.
TRANSACT, vt. , kela.
TRANSACTION, ., zambi, lokela.
TRANSCEND, vph., pita wi.
TRANSCRIBE, vph., sokolo bosoni.
TRANSFER, vt., sembbla.
TRANSFIGURE, vph., yenza lolenge.
TRANSFIX, vt., sikbla, tumbbla.
TRANSFORM, vph., yenza lolenge.
TRANSGRESS, vt., minga, soko.
TRANSPIRE, vp., kelibwa; vii/.,
ya.
TRANSPORT, vt., kamba, tomba.
TRANSIENT, vph., wa lobangu.
TRANSLATE, vc., yambinya, zengbla.
TRANSLATION, ., bozengbli, bozengwi.
TRANSMIT, vc., yambisa.
a disease, vc., yambetisela.
TRANSPARENT, ind., polele, pole.
TRANSPOSE, vph. , yenza nongo.
TRAP (an animal), vt., kanga.
lay or set, vt., bekia; vs., bekama ; ind., bcka.
stick, ., ndengo.
for big game, //., clengo.

( 479 )

TRAP-TRIANG

TRAP (continued).
TREE (continued).
various kinds of, . , lilbnga,
(bearing peppers), bonkelete,
motambo.
bonkwankombi, bonzenze,
TRASH, npl., bikatakata.
bopili, bosau, bosoko, boulu,
TRAVAIL, vin., twisa.
buma, okele, ekbkoko, elblo,
elongo-mbila, engondo, epoTRAVEL, vin., bemba.
about, vs., kbkana.
pbko, esese, eseu, etatamba,
in thought, vph., bono na bosaetendo, eyele, eyongo, Kongo
3, libblaki, libonzi, libwa,
nda bo liso.
likelekese, lilanga, limbaTRAVELLER, ., mobembi ; np//.,
moleka or mondeka nzela.
nge, llmpbmbo, lingbtb, llnzombblo, loko 3, lokumu,
TRAVELLING season, ., bomibelonzenze, mbaka, mbondo,
mbo.
mbonzo, mbonzo, mobotb,
TRAVERSE, vt., leka.
mokakb, mokombo, moktiTRAY, ., enyanyela.
ngu, molanga, molembe,
TREACHEROUS, vs., lengubana,
monconcongo, mondengu,
lenguma ; in, /. , lengu-lengu.
monkese, monkuka, monzeTREACLE, /////., boi bo minkokb.
mbe, mcongongo, mosenge
TREAD, vin., zata; vph., nyata
or zata makolo.
(ncenge), mosongo, motoko,
motoko, moulu (moyulu),
upon, vap., zatela.
noange, ndongo, nkasa, nkoon pressed grass in swamp, vs. ,
nyangubana; ind., nyangule (bonkole, monkole), nkonyangu.
ngblolo, zambamba.
TREADLE, n. , enyatela.
hard, n., moselengu.
TREASON, ., boyunzbli.
fruitful, ., mobbti.
TREASURE, ., embolambola.
from which operations of the
TREASURER, ///., mobateli d bienemy are watched, ., eyako.
loko.
top, ., enongele, mpasa, ntoTREAT, ., ebibkiscla.
lo.
(give a person a pleasure), vc., TREMBLE, vs., bilima, cikana,
biokisa.
nongubana, nenguma ; vin.,
a disease, vt. , bwa.
lenge, wata; ind., oiki, billbili, nengu-nengu.
deceptively, vc. , pellsa.
1 TREMBLING, ., lowatisa; tnd.,
disrespectfully, vt., menola.
insolently, vt., kamola.
tembe-tembe.
ironically, vt., yb.
TREMENDOUS, ph., -ne nguya.
unkindly, vt., tuka, kosa, nyo- TREMULOUS, vs., oikana; ind.,
kolo.
ciki.
with silent contempt, vt., bingo- TRENCH, ., mobabali.
la.
TRENCHANT, ind., ce, co; his
TREATY, ., mbengu.
words were trenchant, aketi
make, vt., bengbla.
mambi co-ce.
TREE, . , mwete.
TRESPASS against, vt., soko.
various kinds of, ., bobala, TREPIDATION, ., monzenze.
bobelu, bobblu, bokamu, TRESTLE, ., esukela, etaka.
bokelete, bokobole, boko- TRIAL, ., momeko.
loko, bolekwa, bolinda, bo(court), //. . libanza, mbanzd.
loba, bombo [/'/. , mombo], bo- TRIANGLE (geometry), nph., elokb
munga, boncombele, bondee nkenge noato.
' nge, bondongo, bondbngb
(instrument), //.pl., manza.

TRIBAL-TURN

( 480)

TRIBAL division, of Bobangi tribe,

., ekweya, ndbngo.
TRIBE, ., libbko.
TRIBULATION, nph., mambi ma
lokeketi ; i/., lokeketi.
TRIBUTARY, ., likau, libetc;
'vs., sbkeme.

TRIBUTE, n., monyaago.

TRICK (conjuring), ., ndemo.
TRICKLE down, vs. , kelele ; ind.,
kelele-kelele.
TRIFLE, nph., mwa eloko; vin.,
sana.
TRIFLING, ind., ninge-ninge.
below last decimal number named,
ii., nceke.
TRIGGER, . , moncbndi.
guard, ., likombo, likomboko.
hard to pull, n., molando.
TRILL, vph., yotolo lolemu.
TRIM, 'v!., lengele (longele).
(make tine), vc., kembisa.
a wick, 7'/., cecula, petolo.
fronds from tree, vt., bala, yukola.
ofC, vt. , catbla, cetolo.
TRIP, vph., tula libaku.
TRIPE, n.pL, ncaka.
TRITURATE, vc., mulinginya; vs.,
mulungana; ind., mulangu.
TRIUMPH, vt., lobolo.
TRIVIAL matter, nph., mwa zambi like.
TROT, vph., tambola monyeki,
tambola monyeke.
TROUBLE, ., bwale ; vc., tungisa ; vs. , yotwa ; vph. , yotwisa
nzbto.
fall into, vin., kulela.
upon, bring, vt., sukbla, knya.
TROUBLED (of water), vin., kanza.
TROUBLESOME matter, ., engulumisa, engumisa.
TROUGH, ., ebdka.
TROUSERS, ., mombati, monkbto mb makolo.
TROWEL, n., tulele (Fr.) 3.
TRUANT, n., mokotoli.
play the, vt., kotbla.
TRUCKLE, vs., biangubana ; ind.,
biangu-biangu.

TRUE, ind. , nyomeni, solo.

indeed, intj., ebuleke !
TRUMPET, ., ncanya, tumbete.
TRUNK of body or tree, n., mompiko, mobimbela, mbimba, mbimbi.
of elephant, n. , bwembo.
TRUST, vph., sundlsa molbko
sutu.
TRUSTWORTHY person, n., mobaki.
TRUTH, nph., zambi li nyomeni.
TRUTHFULNESS, ., bosolo.
TRY, vt., meka.
edge of knife, vt., benge, bengolo.
TUB, n., enzenze (ezenze).
large, nph., enzenze e ngomo.
TUBE, ., monginzu.
of spear head into which shaft is
inserted, n., eyble.
TUCK, nph., motongo mb boynmbela.
in hem, vt., bumela.
up, vt. , bumela.
TUESDAY, npl/., masala ma mabale.
TUFT, n., libntaka.
plaited, ., eyuta (euta).
TUG, vt., le'nda.
TUMBLE, vin. , kita; vs., kitabana.
TUMBLER, glass, nph., nkcni e
talatala.

TUMOUR, see ABSCESS.

TUMULT, ., ekokele.
TUNE, ., molenga.
in, vs., bembana; vc., bembisa.
TUNEFUL voice, n., lilenga.
TUNNEL, nph., molombb b nce e
longa.
TURBID, vs., kubwa.
TUREEN, ., lilongo.
TURN aside, vt., pengolo, yengolo, pengia; vs., pengwa,
yengwa, pengeme ; vin. ,
penge; ind., penge.
awayfrom, vph., zubbla molbko.
back, vs., zubwa.
down, vt., yunbla.

( 48 1
TURN (continued).
foot out of usual position, vt.,

cebolo.
handle or tap, vt., yotolo.
headland sharp, vph., bunola
nkblo bu.

in, i'///., wele; iv., welisa.

inside out, vt., yunbla.
log in another direction, v!,//.,
bete mwete.
of a coil, //., lingoti.
off, ve., simbisa.
on, vc., lekisa.
(on hinges), vs., zblongana (b
bikokila).
one's back, ////., pe mbisa.
of polygamist's wife with hus
band, n., mbanda.
out, mii., pima; iv. , pimisa.
out of the way, ',-t., pengolo,
yengolo, pengia ; r -'. , pengeme; ind., penge; vin.,
penge.
over, /-/., kiitia [kutama, kute,
kuta], sokia (sbkisa) [sbkomo, sbke] ; vph., sokia m/inya.
over face downwards, iit. , bbbia
[bbbama, boba].
over on back, vt., cebolo.
over to cook other side, vt.,
butbla.
right side uppermost or face up,
vt., kutbla.
round, vt., bbngbla, zengbla ;
vs., bbngwa, zengwa.
round and round, vc., zonginya.
round or over, vt. , kalola.
straight, vt., sekola.
the back, ;///., pe mbisa.
to, vt., zengbla; ;".,.. zengwa.
do by, vs., yambana.
take a, vs. , kitana, tambana ;
//. . mokitano.
upside down, vt., sokia [sbkomo, sbke].
up (of eyes in death), vs.,
kalwa.
upon, vap., zubwela.
TURTLE, //. , ndendeki, ndendeki.

TURN-TYING
TUSK, n., monzo [l-l, mionzo].
of ivoiy, large, n. , mbongo.
of ivory, short, . , ncembo, mopolanzei.
TUSTLE, vap. , wela, belela.
TWADDLE, vs., bobangana.
TWELFTH, see ORDINAL numbers.
TWELVE, nph. , zbmu na (mi)bale.
TWENTIETH, see ORDINAL num
bers.
TWENTY, ., makwabale.
TWIG, n., likalanganya ; /////.,
mwa litaki, mwa mwete.
TWILIGHT, nph., liso-moto-llsomoto.
TWIN, npl/.. mwana d bonketa.
elder, n., nkumu 5.
younger, ., mpeya 5.
TWINE, //., mokulh, mosinga.
TWINGE, /'t.. banda, binzbla; //.,
mobando.
TWINGES connected with yaws,
n.l'l, nceka.
TWINGING, ind., nga-nga.
TWINKLE, vs., balibana, ballma,
oikana; ind., bali-bali, cjki.
TWINKLING of an eye, nph. , lobalibana lb lisa.
TWINS, giving birth to, ., bonke
ta (bolima); vph., bota bo
nketa.
TWIRL, vs., zelengene; vc., zelinginya; ind., zelele.
about in something, vc., lingibinya; vs., lingibana.
(knife, etc.), vc., kalinginya.
TWIRLING, ind., ze.
TWIST, vt. , yotolo.
conical, of leaf, ., etotbkb.
of a coil, ., lingoti.
of hair, ., lopanda.
(string), vt., yoso.
TWISTED, vs., bonzongono, ybtotolo, yotwangana.
TWITCH, vt., lenda.
Two, adj., -bale; ., mibale.
TYING at end of sewing, n., libomela.
up of things, //.. mokango.
I I

TYPE-UNCOOK
TYPE, n., tipo 3.
,writer, nph. , makina ma bosoni.
TYRANNISE over, vt.,_ k&sa, tuka.
TYRANNY, ., ekosa, lituka, lokosb.
TYRANT, ., enganzi, mokosi,
motuki.

UDDER, ., libeie.
UGLY, vs., yeyua, yuyua.
ULCER, see ABSCESS.
ULCERATE, vph., yanga mpbta.
ULTIMATE matter, nph. , zambi li
bosuku.
UMBILICAL cord, ., monkoko.
UMBRELLA, ., lingembwa (longembwa.
stand, ph., likanza ll mangembwa.
UMPIRE, ., elombe.
UNABLE, vph., senga boyisi.
UNACCOUNTABLE, vs., kakatana,
yungatana, yungutana.
UNADULTERATED. Use the words
se nzotd on the following
model /

it

is unadulterated

wine, enga se nzoto li masanga.

UNANIMOUS, dph., na likulu
lioko.
UNALTERABLE,
vin., kelele;
///,/., kelelu.
make, vc., kellsa.
UNANSWERABLE, vph., senga
mbeko.
UNAPPROACHABLE, vph., senga
bobelemeli.
UNAVAILABLE, vph. , senga bokulibwl.
UNAVOIDABLE, vs., lendandala,
temamala, bendendala, ke
lele.
UNBECOMING, vph., senga bokomi.
UNBELIEF, nph., bosenga boyambi.
UNBENDABLE, vs., ngenzenzftIa;
/n,/., ngenzenze.

UNBOLT, vt., libola.

UNBOUNDED, ind. ,ll-ll, tambilitambill.
UNBROKEN, vs., kolongono; ind. ,
kolongo.
UNCERTAIN, vs., bombana.
UNCHANGEABLE, vph., senga boyenzi.
UNCHASTE person, nph., mome
bosumband.
UNCHASTITY, ., bosumbano.
UNCHEWED, swallow food, vph.,
mina bimpenga.
UNCIRCUMCISED person, nph., dmosutu, mome mosutu, but
the better expression would be /

mosengi d ngenga.
UNCIRCUMCISION, nph., bosenga
ngenga.
UNCIVIL, vs. , nganyabana, ngengenyene ; ind. , nganyanganya.
UNCIVILIZED person, ., moluako
ii.
UNCLE, paternal, nph., sangei e
bongoi.
maternal, nph., nyangb e
bwele.
UNCLEAN, dph., na bompunda.
UNCLOTHE, vph., tungbla bilamba.
UNCLOSED, vs., pulwangana.
UNCLOUDED, render, vt., tendolo.
UNCOCK (a gun), vt., sekolo,
wolo.
UNCOIL, vt., lingbla; vs., lingwa.
UNCOMFORTABl.ENESS,K.,ekoseli.

UNCOMMON, vp., sengibwa ; vph.,

senga boboni.
UNCONCERNED, vs., yungwa.
UNCONDITIONAL, ind., sembd.
UNCONQUERED, vin., kbta.
UNCONSCIOUS, vs., yimbwa.
UNCONSCIOUSLY transmit, vap.,
yambetisela.
UNCONTROLLABLE, vin., ngala.
UNCONTROLLABILITY, . , bongala.
UNCOOKED, adj., -be'su.
although hot, vin., yuba.

(483)
UNCOUTH, vph., senga eyango.
UNCOVER, vt., bumbbla, pbtolo.
road by beating grass away, vt. ,
yemolo.
UNCOVERED and likely to spoil, vs.,
cakakala.
UNCTION, ., bosobeli, bosingi.
UNCURL, vt., pusbla.
UNDAUNTED, vp//., yika moloko.
UNDEFILED, vph., senga bosumband.
UNDER, pph., b nce e, aoke na ;
prep., b, bmbe.
UNDERCOOK, vc., yubisa.
UNDERDONE, adj., -beau.
UNDERGO suffering or punishment,
,-/.. kamba.
UNDERGROUND, ///., nce e ldnga; //., longa.
UNDERHAND, aph. , o nce e molo
ko.
UNDERNEATH, ph., sbke na, b
ncee.

UNDESIGNED, ind., pusuku-pu.

UNDERSIZED, very much, vt., lababala.
UNDERSTAND, vt., bono (yene),
bo, yeba, ybka, sekisa (BOkia), sosolo.
UNDERSTOOD, ind., pole, polele.
UNDERTAKE, vt., baka.
UNDERTAKER (of funerals), ///.,
nganga e eswaka.
1st order, /////., nganga e bosangb.
2nd order, np//., nganga e bokbngb.
UNDERTONE, speak in, vph., loba
b nce c moi.
[tuya.
UNDERVALUE, vph., kutwisamoUNDISSOLVED, OT., kolongono ;
ind., kolongo.
UNDISTURBED, aph., ae nyile.
UNDIVIDED, vs., putana.
UNDO work which had been accom
plished, vt., yunzbla.
sewing, vt., tongbla.
UNDOUBTED, vph., aenga mwele.
UNDRESS, vph., tungbla bilamba.
UNDRESSED (of hair), vs., kasasala.

UNCOUTH-UNHEALTH

UNDUE, render with lekbla ; he

felt undue anxiety, alekbli
nkasa boybki.
UNDULATE, vin., keba.
UNEARTH, vt., kundbla ; i'..., kundwa.
UNEASY, vs., yeleyele.
UNEQUAL, ph., soko na ka, sokiliki na ka.
to task, vs., ngbnyibana, mbnyibana; ///,/., ngonyi-ngonyi, monyi-monyi.
UNEVEN, vs., bengetana; ind.,
bb'ngete; ph., soke na ka,
sokiliki na ka.
UNEXPOSED, vin., pbto.
UNFAIR, ;'///.. senga boyengebeni.
UNFAITHFUL towards, vt., memola.
UNFASTEN, vt., kangbla.
UNFATHOMABLE, vph., senga bokbto.
UNFERTILITY of eggs, ., mpembo.
UNFINISHED, vph., wa nkula;
vin. , yuba ; ind. , yube-yube.
through lack of needful articles or
funds, vs. , kutwa.
UNFINISHEDNESS, n. , nkula.
UNFOLD, vt., lingbla; vs. , lingwa.
UNFORESEEN, ind., pusuku-pu.
UNFORGIVING, vin., kunela, yunela, kibila.
UNFORGOTTEN, vs., yindwa.
UNFORTUNATE matter, nph., zambi libe, used in the same way
as shown under FORTUNATE.
UNFRUITFULNESS, ., bokomba.
UNGAINLY, vs., zengetana, zengebana, zengazenga ; ind. ,
zengenge.
UNGODLY, i///., kinbla Nyambe.
UNGRAMMATICAL, vc., zobisa;
ind., zobo-zobo.
UNGRUDGINGLY,^//., namonyanga.
UNHAPPY, vph., senga esengb.
UNHEALTHY place, nph. , nongo e
makbno.

UNHES-UNRIGHT

( 484 )

UNHESITATING, vs., salibana.

UNHIDE, vt., bbmbbla.
UNHOLY, ind., lobbngb-lobbngb.
UNIFORM, nph., bilamba bi bilembo.
UNIFORMITY, nph., mambi ma
lokbla loko.

UNIMPORTANT, dph.,-aa. ntina te.

UNINHABITABLE, vph., yisibwa
mputu.
UNINHABITED, n., mputu.
land on river bank, stretch of,
n.. elekembele.
UNINITIATED person, ., mokutu,
moseko.
UNINJURED, vs., kbswa ; ind.',
kbso.
UNINTELLIGIBLE, vs., kakatana,
yungatana, yungutana.
UNINTENDED result, n., mpwese.
UNINTENTIONAL, iiid., wasa.
UNINTERESTING, dp//., na boietu,
na bolito.
UNION, ., boputand.
UNIQUE matter, nph., zambi se
lingo mpenza.
UNISON, ., boputand.
sing in, vph., putinya makingb.
UNIT, ., moko.
UNITE, vt., puta ; vs., putana.
UNITEDNESS, ., likulu, ndando.
UNITY, see UNITEDNESS.
with, in, dph., na ndando e
zambi lioko.
UNIVERSAL matter, nph., zambi li
molongo monco.
UNIVERSE, n., molongo.
UNJUST, vph., senga boyengebeni.
UNKIND, vph., senga bobbto.
UNKNOWN, i'///., senga boyebani.
number, ind. , mimilimi.
UNLAWFUL, vph., senga bolongbbani.
UNLESS, see EXCEPT.
UNLIKE, nph., lb-moto-lo-moto ;
vs., yesene (wesene), kakwana.
UNLIMITED, ,-,"'/.. senga ndelo.
UNLOAD, vt., labbla.

UNLOCK, vt., libbla.

UNLOOSE, vt., pusbla, kangbla,
tingbla.
UNLUCKY omen, nph., ebuna ebe.
UNMANAGEABLE, ndj., bongala.
UNMARRIED person, ., ndenga.
female, n., ebunani.
UNMEANING. Use the derivative of
incongruity from approprinte
verb.
UNMERCIFUL, vph., senga molika.

treatment of workmen by em
ployer, ., lituka.
UNMINDFUL, vin., kila, kina, ybtbla; ///</.. kili.
UNMOVABLE, ind., sika.
UNMOVED, vs., kilwa, yungwa.
UNNAIL, vt., pandbla.
UNNERVE, vc., sulwisa.
UNOBJECTIONABLE, vph., senga
mbeko.
UNOCCUPIED, ndj., mputu.
UNPACKED, vs., kalema, puswa ;
ind., kale.
UNPICK, vt., pusbla.
UNPLEA_SANT, vph., senga bompala.
to mouth, feel (of medicine, etc.),
vph. , ybka bllb-bilb ; vs. ,
bilwa.
UNPLUG, vt., libbla.
UNPREJUDICED, vs., se'mbwa.
UNPREPARED, ind., lobbngb-lobbngb.
timber, ind., milingi.
UNPRINCIPLED, vs. , yesene
UNPRODUCTIVE land, ., lokbndb.
UNPROFJTABLE, vph., yima litbmba.
UNPROTECTED, vt., kalia [kalema, kale].
UNQUENCHABLE_, vph., bika ngengu-ngengu; vs., ngenguUNRAVEL, vt. , lingbla.
UNREAL, dph., na bombala.
UNRELIABLE, vs., yesene.
UNREST, at, vs., yotwangana.
UNRIGHTEOUS, vph., senga boyengebeni.

UNRIPE-UPWARDS
UNRIPE (of fruits generally), ndj.,
mongiya.
(of maize), ndj., monyeke.
(of nsafu), ndj. , bipbpe.
(of plantain), ndj., monyangu,
monyengu.
UNROLL, vt., lingbla. [li-ngali.
UNRULY, vin., ngala; ind., ngaUNRULINESS, ., bongala.
UNSAVOURY, vs., sabwa.
UNSCREW, vt., bila; vs., bilwa.
UNSEEMLY, vs. , yesene (wesene);
ind. , yisenu.
[likabo.
UNSELFISH, vin., kaba ; <////., na
UNSETTLE, vph., yotwisa nzbto
ll ; vs. , yotwa.
UNSHAMED, nph., miso kombkomb ; vpl/., ybtbla nconi.
UNSHAVEN, vs., sukukala; ind.,
sukuku.
UNSHEATH, vt. , bila ; vs., bilwa.
UNSIGHTLY, vs., yeyua, yuyua.
UNSKEWER, vt., yolbla (wolbla).
UNSOLD, remain, vin., tula.
UNSOLDER, vt., bandbla. [linga.
UNSPOTTED, vph., senga manto(of moral purity), vph. , senga
eyu.
UNSTEADY, vph., wata kbu-kbu.
UNSTINTEDNESS, ., bompoli.
UNSTOP, vt., libbla.
UNSUSPECTED, vs., bbmbana.
UNSWERVING, vs., sembwa.
UNTAMED, vin., ngala; ind.,
ngali-ngali.
UNTAMABLENESS, ., bongala.
UNTANGLE, vt., tungbla, kangola, pusbla.
UNTIDY, vs., sukukala; ind., sukuku ; <////., na bompunda.
UNTIE, vt., tingbla, kangbla,
pusbla.
UNTIED, vs., nganyabana, puswangana; ind., nganyanganya, puso-puso, pusupusu.
UNTIL, pph., ki b, yeka b.
Often expressed by usingthe infini
tives in adj. cl. / until he
comes, n'e kbya yeye, or yek'e
kbya yeye.

UNTO is expressed in the same way

as until ; but when the idea is
added of continuingfrom a time
or place quite up to another time
or place, or the action of the
verb is continued during the in
terval, between times which are
stated or implied, the ind. we
precedes ki or yeka.
UNTRAINED, vs., zengazenga, zengebana, zongetana ; ind.,
ze'nge'nge.
UNTRUTH, ., lokuta.
UNUSUAL matter, nph., zambi ll
mpapo / adj., -tcmu.
UNWELL, vin., kono, ko.
UNWHOLESOME, adj., -be.
UNWILLING, dph., na lokiki, na
monzinda.
in receiving, vs. , mongomongo,
mingaminga.
UNWILLINGNESS, ., monzinda,
lokiki (llsota).
UNWIND, vt., lingbla.
UNWISELY acting, ind., kblbngbkblbngb.
UNWORKED (of timber), ind., milingi.
UNWORTHY, vph., senga bokomi.
UP-CURRENT, ., etula.
UP-RIVER, ., mokolb.
people, all, ., mokbkblb.
UP to, prep., b, bmbii ;///., yeka
b.
UPHOLD, vt., suke'la.
UPLIFT, vt., netbla, tbmba.
UPON, prep. , b, bmbe ; pph., o llkolb ll.
UPPER, ind., ka.
[sika.
UPRIGHT, vs., kbmbbmbala; ind.,
thing, cause the fall of an, vt.,
nbngbla.
UPRIGHTNESS, .,botemi.
UPROAR, ., ekbkele.
UPSET, vc., kitisa; vt., yupbla.
UPSHOT (of a matter), ., bosuku.
UPSIDE down, vs. , sbkomo; vt.,
sbkia; ind., sbke.
UPSTART, vt., ngunzwa.
UPWARDS, ph., ka b likolb, llkolb-likolb.

URGE-VELVET

( 486 )

URGE, vc., bendinya, tbkinya,

kaminya, bakikia.
URINATE, vph., neke minya.
URINE, .//., minya.
Us, pron., bisb.
USAGE, //., moketo.
USE, vt., kata.
be of, vph. , kula lotomo.
a thing (give it its work), vph.,
katisa elokb lotomo.
(work), . , lotomo.
for the first time, vt., yangbla..
USED to, vs. , yekasana, mesene
followed byprep. na.
USEFUL, vin., koka.
USELESS, ind., pib.
become, vph. , wa pib.
person or thing, . , esesu.
USUAL, ind., kia-kia; also on the
following models / he paid his
usual visit, ayi loya lo koya
yeye; it is his usual time of
coming, enga mayenela ma
koya yeye.
USURY, ., nzakia, litbmba.
UTENSIL, n. , eloko.
UTILITY, ., lotbmo,
UTILIZE, vph., katisa . . . lotomo,
UTMOST, adj., -nco.
UTTER, see SPEAK.
UTTERLY, ind., wa, nyo.
UTTERMOST, vph., yeka b bosuku kuku.

VACANCY, .-'/. , nongo, epose (eposa, eposi).

VACANT, vph., tikana pole'le.
VACATE, vt. , tika ; vfh. , long wa b.
VACILLATE, vs., nyengana, caba
na, nyabana, bibngana.
VAGABOND, ., ekokolo-kokolo,
molala 1 1.
VAGINA, ., esoli.
VAGRANT, as VAGABOND.
VAGRANCY, n., molalo.
VAIN, aph., sc mpamba.
(not carried out), dph., na bosuku te.

VAIN (continued).
thing, ., lopupu.
(proud), dph., na losai.
VALE, ., loboku.
VALIANT, dph., na bonzanga.
VALID, vs., longbbana.
VALIDITY, ., bolongobani.
VALLEY, ., loboku.
VALOUR, n., bonzanga.
VALUE, ., ntalo, motuya.
thing of, ., eyenda, embolambola.
VALVE, ., elibo.
safety, ///., elibo e bonyuetinya.
VANISH, vs., lemwa; vin., linda.
VANITY, n.pl., mpupu.
VAPOUR, //., mouli (moyuli).
VANQUISH, vt., ngendolo ; vph.,
leka bokoti.
VARIABLE, vs., bblongana.
VARIANCE, vs., yomana; ., zoniano.
VARIATION, . , mobblongano.
VARIEGATED, ind., ngiangiangia.
VARIETY, ., lokbla, lolenge, lolimo.
a variety of things, nph., biloko
bi ndenge nzike.
VARIOUS, nph., ndenge na nde
nge.
VARY, vph., kakwana b ndenge.
VAST, ///,/.. ll-ll, tambili-tambili.
VASTNESS, ., boli-ll.
in numbers, vs., nyelubana
///./.. nyelu-nyelu.
(multitude), //., llmpinga.
VAUNT, vt., lobolo.
VEER, vs., zengwa; .-'/., zengbla.
VEGETABLE, nph. , bi le bi bosikaka, see also FOOD stuffs.
VEHEMENCE, ., nguya.
VEHEMENTLY command, vt., Idlbla.
VEHICLE, nph., ekblela e ebwele.
VEIL, .' ' . elamba e lembele.
VEIN, . . , moncisa.
VELOCITY, . , lobangu, bwalo.
VELVET, nph., elamba e loi-loi.
nkamba e ntaba.

( 487 )

VENERABLE, ,-///., komo bosoni.

VENERATE, vt., sona.
VENEROUS lust, n. , bongbndb.
VENGEANCE, ., moyitako.
VENOM, //.. ngenge, eyanza.
VENT, ;-/'//., pima; ., mpbsbso.
VENTURE, vt. , meka ; //. , momeko.
VENTURESOMENESS, ., llkasanga, bikasanga.
VERANDAH, ., mosasa.
VERDICT, ., mobekb, mbekb,
bosekisi.
VERDIGRIS, ., lobobe.
VERIFY, vt., limbbla; vph., kendisa solo or nyomeni.
VERILY, ind., solo.
verily, ph., solo se solo.
VERSE, ., ndelo.
VERTICAL precipice, n., esbngb.
VERTICALNESS, ., botemi.
VERY, ind., be.
much, ph., be nguya.
Often expressed by the reduplica
tion of the adj.
own ; with my very own eyes,
na miso ma ngai momene.
VESSEL (for cooking operation), n.,
mpotb.
(double and used for drinking),
//.. lilbkb.
drinking, and used to take liquid
from a larger vessel, n. , ekongeie.
for fetching water or storing it,
i/.. ndungu.
of tin or white metal, ., linzanza.
sailing, n/'h.. bwengo bb bila-

VENER-VIRGIN

VICE, n., mopengo.

for holding work, nph., ekatela

'
<
j
,

mba.
steam, n/'//.. bwengo bbnkuka.
VEST, iifl/. , monkbto mo moi.
VETERAN, ., ekbkotb.
VEX, vc., bellsa, yakwisa; vt., i
'
tumola.
(of evil spirits or thoughts), vt. , |
tebbla.
VEXED, vin., bele; vs., yakwa.
VIBRATE, vs., cikana; ind., ciki;
,v"., lenge, ninga.
VIBRATION, feel (of seat), r///., yoka mongimisa,

e boyotolo.
Vicious act, ., ekuna.
VICTORIOUS, vt., ngendolo.
VICTORY, ., bongendoli.
VICTIM, ., moboma.
VICTUALS, ., boli.
VIEW, vt., keka, tala; n., Ul6.
bring into, ve./ boninya.
in , vs., bonono.
VIGILANCE, . , libateli.
VIGILANT, vt., batela, kengele.
(watch against evil coming), vc.,
bwakinya.
VIGOROUS attempts, make, vs., kasakasa (kakasa).
VIGOUR, ., nguya, bokbti.
physical, //., lingolo.
VILLAGE, . , etuka.
built to end in a narrow passage,
., bobbkblb.
outlying, npl/., nganda e ese.
VILE, vs., sumbana ; vc., sumbiVILENESS, n., bompunda.
[sa.
VILIFY, vph., katela lokwako.
VILLAIN, nph. , moto mobe.
VINDICATE, vt.^ limbbla.
VINE, n., moseseli.
VINEGAR, n., winika ; ///., mai
ma nkangi.
VIOLATE (a law), vt., minga.
(a person), vc., sumbisa.
VIOLATED, vs., sumbana.
VIOLATION, ., bosumbano.
(of a law), ., bomingi.
VIOLENCE, //., lingolo.
take by, vt., ybsolo, kwakbla.
VIOLENTLY abuse, vph., nyaka
botwi.
dragging, ind. , kukulu-kukulu.
VIOLIN, ., longbmbi.
VIPER, ., mobwanga.
VIRGIN. There is no true wordfor
this yet found, but the nearest
which denotes an unmarried
female is suggested as the best
which has presented itself for
use, n. , ebunani.
obscene term of derision to a
virgin, ., mokube n,

VIRTUE-WALKING

( 488 )

VIRTUE, ., bosembwi.
VIRTUOUS, vs. , sembwa.
VISCID, ndj., ndambiti.
substance, ., malolu.
VISIBLE, vs., bonono.
clearly visible, although distant,
vs., tambambala.
VISION, behold a, vph., kalwa
miso.
(mystical), /////., lokalwa lb
miso.
(powerful), n.colq.j liso.
(sight), ii., lobonb.
VISIT, vap., yenela, yela.
VISITOR, ., moyeneli.
VITAL part, nph., nongo e liwa.
(life giving), vph., kela bomoi.
VITIATE, vc., sumbisa.
VITUPERATE, vph., kata lokwako.
VOCABULARY, nph. , monkana
mo bosekisi lokbta.
VOICE, ., likingb.
tone of, n., ekbmbwa.
tuneful, i/., lilenga.
VOLLEY, n. , monkbma.
fire, vph. , bola or pula monkoma.
VOLUME (a book), ., monkana.
(greatness), ., bone.
VOMIT, vt., lua; vc., luisa.
VORACIOUSLY, eat, vt., soka.
VOUCH, vt. , limbola ; vph. , kendisa ndimbb.
Vow, see OATH, PROMISE.
VOYAGE, vin., bemba; n., mobembo (mokingi).
for trading, ., moluka, molukela.
VULTURE, i/., mpongonyoli.
W
WAD, ., linyuka.
for cartridges, n. , elinda, elindb,
elindwa, esinya.
WADDLE, vs., ketwana, yekwana, nganzwangana ; ///</.,
nganzb-nganzb.
(of tortoise), vph., tambbla konbngo-konongb.

WADE, vt., suba.

WAG, vt., songia [sbngema, songa].
WAGE, n., mbemba, mokulu.
war, vph. , mana etumba.
WAGER, ., mbengu with verb
sika.
WAGES, advance, vph., bilwisa
mosolo.
WAGON, nph., ekblela e bibwele.
WAIL, funeral, n.colq., mwasaso.
WAILING, n.pl., bileld.
WAIST, ., lileke.
-band, .. lobamba.
-band, with cowries, nph., loba
mba lb mibele.
-coat, .. monkbtd.
small, n., lopepa.
WAIT at an appointed place, vs., lenzenzala ; ind. , lenzenze.
expectantly, vap., kekela.
for, -'/. , bbnda, lembisa, lendela, liia.
on at table, vph., sala epbmba.
WAKE, vt., yumbla.
of boat, etc., n., lokenye, enengu.
WALK, vin., tambbla.
correctly, vs., zebengene.
in manly fashion, vph., bila
makbld tu-tu.
in peculiar manner, vs. , leswa.
lame, vs., tenguma.
quickly, /"/'//., tambbla saii.
sharply, vph., bila makolo.
slowly, vph., tambbla mbnyimonyi; vs., yungwa.
take a, vph., tambbla se [botambbla.
(toddle), vph., takbla makolo.
with heels up and on toes, vph.,
tambbla sbngongo.
with legs straddling, vph., ta
mbbla tangangalu ; vt. , kandandala.
WALKING in water above thighs,
ind. , lile-lile.
in shallow water, ind., cobbcobb.
on heels, ind.. nangananga.

WALKING-WATER
WALKING (continued).
stick, ., mompbnga, montongo, motbngo, likando.
stick with bark cut off in strips,
it., mbongo.
stick of chief, n., nioiituma,
montumu, esino.
style of, ind., yeso-yeso.
with legs straddling, iud., kandandala.
with undulatory motion, ind.,
kombele.
without creeping first (of child),
n., lingoi.
WALL of defence, n., engumba,
ngbib.
of house, n., etutu.
gable end, ., nkbmbe (likbno).
plate, nph., mbbnga e nkako,
mbbnga e nce.
(fence), ., lobalaka.
WALLOW, vs., milingana.
WAN, vs., kabwa.
WANDER, vs., nyengana.
about, vs., labasana.
(be delirious), nph., loba bilobaloba.
WANDERER, n., ekokolo-kokolo.
WANE (of moon), vin., tunga.
WANT (ask for), vt., bbndela.
do not want, vt., boya.
(lack), . , bosenga, boyende.
(requirement), n., lotemi ; vt.,
tema.
WANTON, vs., pengwa, yengwa,
pengeme ; vin. , penge ; vt. ,
pengolo, yengolo, pengia.
WAR, n., etumba, bobita, bomano.
lose in, r/'-/}., wa libomi.
make, vin., mana.
drum, n., ndungu.
WARD off, vt., boka.
WAREHOUSE, n., ebombela.
WARLIKENESS, n., bonzanga.
WARM, vt., tukbla.
(lukewarm), vs., lelwa, lekwa.
(over fire), vt., lilbla.
oneself, vph., yoto nicya.
plantain, before removing skin,
; V'-//., yubisa like.

WARN, vc., nuetinya.

WARNING, n., enueti.
WARPED, vs., benzengana; ind.,
benzenge, kbtbtb.
WARY, vs., lbmbmala, lbmamala; ind., lbmbmb.
WARILY, act, vc., bwakinya.
WARRANT, n., monkandi, liese.
WART, ., eneuncu.
WASH, vt., ponga.
(rub and pound in washing), rt. ,
yinda, toko.
table or stand, nph., epbmba e
bosbsi.
WASP, ., mcbmbe.
another kind, nph., limbbmbbli
ll mcbmbe.
nest of, nph., enkbto e miombe.
nest of, membranous covering of,
n., lbto.
WASTE away, vc., sinisa ; vs., ainana.
(goods), vc., wolinginya; vs.,
wolbngana ; init. , wo-wo.
(time), vc., sumbisa.
WASTED, vin., tunga.
WATCH, vt., kengele (kenge).
(as sentry), vt., senzele.
by the sick, vc., konisa.
for, vt., lamba.
(chronometer), ., ncbsb, likanga, monta (Fr. ).
WATCHFUL, vc., bwakinya.
WATCHMAN, night, n. , senzeli 3.
perform duties of, vin., senze
le.
WATCH-TOWER, n., eyako.
WATER, n., mai 8.
can, nph., linzanza ll tbka
mai.
falling from paddles, n.pl.,
miasi.
from corner of eye (common to
old people), n.pl., mbebo.
WATERBRASH (said of heart), vin.,
labbla.
WATERFALL, nph., bweta bb mai
tubu-tubu.
WATERLILY, n., etoki.
WATERPOT, n., ndungu.

WATER-WEEK

( 490 )

WATERPROOF, ind., kwi-kwi,

/igbi ; vph., kolongono b
mai.
coat, A-///., elamba e kwi-kwi.
WATERWAY (generally narrow), n. ,
mpbkola.
into the land at high water, .,
mpembe.
WATERY (of eyes), ind., bie-bie.
WATTLES of fowl, ., Idle; p/.,
nzole.
WAVE, ., mbbnge.
(move to and fro), vc., lembisa.
crested, curved, n. , libubu.
the hand or cloth, vt. , pupa.
WAX, ., esangi.
of ear, /////., mpese e litoi, nyei
e litoi.
(of moon), vin. , kata.
WAY, ., nzela.
(indicated), n., mpe.
give, vt., tika.
go one's, vph. , ke nzbto.
in the, vph., yika nzela.
in such a, ind. , be, bbngo, tu.
He spoke in such a way, na
yeye munya tu.
in what, adv. inter., bbni-bbni ?
make, vph., pe nzela.
(to do), //., litanda; use also
the derivative of manner /rom
suitable verb.
WAYFARER, ., mobembi.
WAYLAY, vt., yunzbla; vc., lombisa (kombisa).
WAYWARD, vin., te.
WAYWARDNESS, ., lite, botei.
W.C., i/., bonkondi, bonkombo.
WE, pron. , bisb.
WEAK, vin., ko ; adj., -kou.
fellow, //., mokbu.
fellow (in anger), n., engonzi.
(of infant), vs., nyetwa.
very, vin., kobo.
with fever, ind., tuku-tuku.
WEAKEN, vc., lbtisa, kblsa.
WEAKNESS, ., bokou.
WEAL from lash, //., mobibili,
mobibiliki.
WEALTH, n.pl., bienda (biyenda).

WEALTHY, vs., kokabana.

person, ., mokuli.
WEAN a child, vph., killsa mwana mabele.
WEANED, ;-///., kila mabele.
WEAPON, n., oyeli, eyipi, elpi,
mpindi.
WEAR, vin., swa.
out, vl., boma; i'-., sinlsa ;
vs., sinana.
WEARINESS, ., eningi, eseli.
from severe heat, ///., lokutu
lb likanga.
WEARY, vin., ko; vs., nyingwa;
i"/"''. , yoka lokutu.
of, ';'/. , langa.
make, 'vt., ningbla, nyingbla;
vph., ybkisa lokutu.
WEATHER. No name for this has
been found, it is usual to speah
of it by the term day, busa.
WEAVE, vph., bete nto, etc. ; vt.,
tbnga.
WEAVING shed, nph., ebetele e
(nto).
WEBBED foot, ., ebblo.
WED, vt., bala.
WEDDING, n., libala.
WEDGE, n., empamo.
up, vt., sukuta.
WEDNESDAY, /////., masala ma
masato.
WEED, //., eyembu, eyunga, lonzembu; /'/., yubela.
WEEDY, vin., yuka.
WEEK, ., ncono.
The days of the Bobangi week
are four, and are named /
1st, masala ma bosb.
2nd, masala ma nte'i.
3rd, nkota.
4th (rest day), eyenga.
On the same model they name
the days of the European week ,
calling the week ncono e mindele.
Monday, masala ma bosb.
Tuesday, masala ma mabale.
Wednesday, masala ma
masato,

WEEK-WHILE
WEEK (continued).
WHAT (continued).
is his name ? lina li yeye na ?
Thursday, masala ma manei.
(not nde).
Friday, masala ma mata- WHATEVER, whatsoever, use wani
no.
in adj. cl.
Saturday, ncono eke (in WHAT'S his or her name, n. , sOngblo ; if more than one, sosome places sabala).
Sunday, eyenga.
ngblo na pakala.
WHAT'S its name, ., ndeki, ndeWEEP, vph., tanga miosoli.
kani.
for, vt., lela.
WEIGH, vph., meka bolito.
WHAT'S that, intj. , a ! a !
down, vt., nyinya, yinya; vs., WHATSOEVER, use wani in adj. cl.
nyinyama, yinyama ; ind., WHEAT, n., lisangu.
WHEEL, ., eika (eyika); vt.,
nyinya, yinya.
WEIGHT, n., boletu, bolito.
tambwisa.
-barrow, nph. , mobbngoloko
(for scales), ., elito, eletu.
WEIGHTED, vin., leme.
mo eika.
cog, nph., eika e mind.
WEIR, /!., mobbka.
WELCOME, ., monyanga; imp.,
WHEEZE, vin., yesela.
WHEEZING, ., boyeseli, loyeso
nyangela.
(loyeo).
stranger with gift of food, vap.,
WHELP, nph., lltumbu ll (mbwa).
bondela, bonzela.
WHEN,
inter., ndembe e wani?
WELCOMING gift, n., libonda, llwhen I went I saw him, 6 ki
bonza.
ngai namoboni.
WELD, vt., tula.
is also expressed by means of the
WELFARE, ., lolenge, ezalela.
participle of coincident action .He asked about your welfare = he
when the wind blows the leaves
asked about you, akdluki.
scatter, mompe mitenyela,
WELL, dph. , na nkinki.
angani mangu makobalabecome, vs., koswa.
make, vt., kosbla.
ngana.
WHENCE, nph., nongo e wani.
done, ph., bbngo bolamu !
dressed hair, vs., watatala; WHERE, inter., wani? nkb ?
WHEREFORE, aph. , na ewela eye.
ind., watata.
WHEREIN, bring the box wherein
(in good manner), dph., na bo
I put my clothes, beke nkobe
lamu.
e kotele ngai bilamba bi
(of water), ., liliba.
spoken, dph. ,na likekete ll loba.
ngai.
WHERESOEVER, ., nongo 6 wani.
(spring), n., moncwele.
WHEREWITH ; bring that knife
then, intj., bbngo !
wherewith I eat, beke mbiell
now, intj., e-e ! ye-e !
e kole na ngai. _
WELL-KNOWN, mn. , kuma.
WHET, vt., benge, bengolo.
WEST, see CARDINAL points.
WET, vc., bbllsa; mn., bblo, WHETHER, ph., soko . . . soko.
WHETSTONE, nph. , nkoko e libwa.
nina; ind., bo-bo.
with rain, '.-'/'//., tombela mbula. WHICH, inter., use wani in adj. cl.
WHAT, intj., is expressed thus/ WHICHSOEVER, use wani or nkb
what ! you sell thus, yo notein adj. cl.
WHILE, use the particle & with
ke bbngo.
the infinitive continuative tense
adv.inter., nde? but nd@ if
of verb / while I do this, e
shouted to a distance.

WHILE-WILDER

( 492 )

WHILE (continued).
WHOLESOME, vph., kbtisa nzbto.
kokelaka ngai boye or nani WHORE, n., mopeki.
e kokelaka ngai boye.
WHOREDOM, ., bopeka.
a little, /////., mwa elembe
WHOREMONGER, see FORNICATOR
ek'eke.
and ADULTERER.
WHIM, ., mongano.
WHOSE ; whose is it ? yengb enga
WHIMPER, vs., ngenguma; ind.,
embe na ? (in such a case -mbe
ngengu-ngengu.
is always iised).
WHINE, vt., lela.
WHOSE-SOEVER, ///., ba wani, ba
WHIP, i/., mbembb; v/., pioka ;
nkb.
iiid., pio.
WHY, inter. adv., bbni?
WHIRL, OT., zblbngana; /'rf., zb- WICKED, adj., -be.
ldld.
WICKEDNESS, ., bobe.
rapidly, vt. , pepolo.
j WICKERWORK round bottle, .,
WHIRLPOOL, ., lltimba.
bokambo.
large and violent, nph., litimba WIDE, ///,/., nyengele, sei-sei.
land or water scape, . , lll6.
ll bwe'ta.
WHIRLWIND, nph., mompe mo
(of dress), ind. , yunzele.
open (of things which ought to
bweta.
be shut), vs., bbngbngala ;
WHISK, vt., pupbla.
ind., bbngbngb.
WHISKERS (of cat), .//., nzembe.
open, /,/., ngbangulu, nyalb ;
of person, //. , lokenge.
WHISPER, :-///., loba b nkako c
i'-'., ngangwa.
litbi, loba na mpwempwe ;
open (of eyes), ind., ngelb ; vs.,
vt., tbbo ; n., mawewe,
ngelwa.
mpwempwe.
WIDEN, vt., oakbla, nyengisa.
behind a person's back, ., llto- WIDOW, ///., etuka e mwene.
WIDOWER, nph., etuka e bwele.
ngi.
WHISTLE, ., motbtbli; vph., WIDOWHOOD, . , botuka.
yula mototbli.
WIDTH, ., iltaki, ntuta, ncuta.
WHITE ant, ., loselele, (male) WIELD, vt., kata.
londulenge.
WIFE, . , mwasi.
colour, nph., bokobo bo eyemarried according to various
ngo ; n. , bceyengo.
methods, ., bolonga, bosaof egg, n.pl. , malolu.
mba, bopika.
man, //., mondele n.
of woman's husband's brother,
WHITENESS, ., mpumpu.
., ro.oka.na.
WHITEWASH, nph., masotu ma
restricted to her own one hus
band, i/., mongill n.
brother of, nph., mwasi d bwe
WHITE-SKINNED (albino) person or
animal, ., elumbu.
le.
WHITHER, adv., wani; nph., nobrother-in-law of, n., monyale.
ngo e wanl.
sister of, nph., mwasi 6 bongoi.
send wife away publicly, vph.,
WHITLOW, n., mobeletwe.
WHIZZ, vt., lela.
tambwisa mwasi.
WHO, inter.pron. , na ? pl. , bana ? WILD, vin., ngala; ind., ngaliis there, ph., n'ani? pl., bangali.
n'ani?
beast, ///.. ebwele e bongala.
dissolute person, ., ewblb.
WHOLE, ., mobimba.
(healthy), ., nkinki.
in growth, ., etoto.
WHOLESALE lot, n., ebonda.
WILDERNESS, n., moleki.

(493 )
WILDNESS, ., bongala, nkanda
(llall).
WILFUL, dph., na loma.
WILFULNESS, n., loma.
WILL, vt., kana; //., mokano.
not, vt., bbya.
(testament), npl/., lingongo ll
libnla.
WILLING, dph., na mpbsa.
WIN, vph., leka bpkbti.
at lobesi ; ,-/., kola.
WIND, ., mompe.
break, vph. , ta monkinza.
from anus, //., monkinza.
from stomach, ., mobio.
(roll), i'/., linga [lingama, linga].
WINDOW, ., eknki, etako; nph.,
munya mo talatala.
blind, ////-., elamba e munya
mo talatala.
frame, nph., munya mo ncengi,
munya mo mompe.
sash, ///., moango mo batalatala.
WINDPIPE, n., mongbngb.
WINE, n.pl., masanga, maleku.
from bamboo palm, nph., masa
nga ma milenge.
from fan palm, nph., masanga
ma milebb.
from oil palm, nph., masanga
ma ncamba.
from oil palm, fresh and sweet,
nph., masanga ma mienge.
from felled palm, nph., masanga
ma monganga.
European, ., ngwala.
WING, ., lipapu.
WINK, vp//., nuite llso.
WINNOW, vc., cekinya; vt., nyabula, nyabbla.
WINNOWING place, ., epupwela.
WINTER, ///., moca mo mpio.
WIPE, vt., sungbla.
out mouth, vph., yonyolo mu
nya.
WIRE, ., linda (mokbkb).
brass, nph., linda litelu.
iron, n/'h., linda liyindo.

WlLDNESS-WOMAN

WiRE-ROPE, ., mpangala.
WISDOM, ., likani, likoka.
WISE, vin., kbka.
make, vc., kbkisa.
WISH, n.. mposa; vt., linga, nono.
ill to, vt., sela (sila).
well, vt., yeya, kakisa (sekinya) ; vph. , yeya bolamu.
WISTFUL, vs., ngbndondolo.
WIT, n., lileki.
WITCH, ., molbki.
doctor, ., nganga.
doctor, dancing, ., esombi.
WITCHCRAFT, ., boloki.
expose person guilty of, vph.,
yama ndbko.
WITH, prep., na.
WITHDRAW, vph., longwa wali;
vs., walibana; ind., wall.
from partnership, vph. , bila nzbto.
WITHER, vin., nyita.
up, vs., yolwa.
WITHERED, vs., katatala.
leaf, ., lopasam.
WITHHOLD, vin. , yima.
WITHIN, prep., b, bmbe' ;//,., b
moi mo ; ///,/. , we.
WITHOUT, prep., b, bmbe ; pph.,
b ndanda 6.
(lack), i/.. senga, yende.
I was three days without eating,
iaHicT mikolb misato n'd le
boll km.
WITHSTAND, vt. , ngendolo ; z'ph.,
teme ngendo.
WITNESS, ., ntete.
(words uttered), ., motatb.
bear, vt., tatbla.
bear false, vph., tatbla lokuta.
WITTICISM, //., lileki.
WITTY matter, nph., zambi ll ll
leki.
WOE, n., libiu.
WOMAN, ., mwene [//., bene].
childless, barren, //.. ekomba.
debarred from sexual intercourse,
//., etemele.
goodly looking, //., ngbndb.

WOMAN-WOUND

( 494 )

WOMAN (continued).

WORK (continued).

incapable of sexual intercourse,

n., monzaso n.
not yet a mother, . , montbngele n.
old, nl'I!., ekbkotb e mwene.
one who bas born children, .,
mobbti.
with two husbands, nph. , mome
mibako mibale.
word of address to, //., ma I.
young, ., ngbndo I.
WOMANISHNESS, ., bobene.
WOMANKIND, ., bobene.
WOMB, n., moi.
WONDER, vt., kanisa; vs., asmwa.
expression of, intj., a-a-a!
utter cry of, vs. , kamwa.
whether, vph. , kanisa soko.
WONDERFUL (matter), zambi ll
kamwa.
Woo, vt., lombo, bongo.
WOOD, n., mwete.
for fire, n.pl. , nkanzu 6.
(small forest), //.. esoko.
long piece used as a bench, .,
motenaka.
squared log of, //., mobonda.
which splits upon being ham
mered, n., bonkangu.
WOOL, //. , londlmba lb nzoso ;
n. , nzoso, nkunza, nkungia.
WORD, n.. zambi, liloba.
bring, vph., ya na munya, ya
na ncango.
WORDY strife, . , mozoko.
WORK, ., ebckcla, ekongb, lotbmo ; vt., sala; ;'///., kata
lotbmo.
day, n.pl., masala (noala); /.-. .
bosala.
done or what results from, . ,
mosalb.
for, vap., sale'la.
hard, i/., bwale.
lazily, vs., monyibana, ngongibana ; ind. , monyi-monyi,
ngonyi-ngbnyi.
only while being watched, vph.,
sala pele-pele.

out (a plan), vt., baka, bila.

(to be done), ., lisala.
WORKING, ., bosali.
WORKMAN, ., mosali.
WORKMANSHIP, ., bokeli.
WORLD, ., molongo.
whole, nfl/., molongo nzoku.
WORLDLY, vph., paka ma ncc.
matter, /////., zambi ll nee.
WORM, kinds of, ., libinzb, linyo,
lopambo, moncongbti, neongbti, mosobi.
intestinal, ., ekoloto, elembi,
koko 3.
WORN out article, //., ekalakasa.
out cloth, n. , monyengu.
WORRY, vc., tungisa.
(mangle with teeth), rt. , kaya
(kanya).
(trouble), vt., nyingbla.
WORSE, ,'l'h., leka bobe, lekbla
bobe.
than represented, ndj., elebese.
WORSHIP, vt., sangbla; ., bosangbli.
act of, //. , mosangb.
WORSTED, nph. , londlmba lb nzo
so.
WORTH, .. ntalo, motuya.
while, vin., komo.
WORTHLESS, adj., -be.
article or person, . , epupu, esesu, ebebe.

become, vs., sumbana, beba.

WORTHLESSNESS, ., bosesu, molalb.

WORTHY, vin., komo.

WOULD. When this denotes in the
past the idea that the action re
ferred to did not occur, the adv.
tiki is used. Other usages of
would arc represented by the
indie. future and the subj. past.
have to, vs. , lendandala.
to God, e! etc mokand mo
Nyambe mbliki. . . .
WOUND, vt., ma, sanga, sangbla ;
n.. mpbta.
on scalp, n., lobonza.
small, .. mwengi.

( 495 )

WOUND (continued).
wide and gaping, . , nkole.
with bullet, vc., talisa.
WOUNDED, vin., tala.
WOVEN openly, ind. , nyalb-nyalb.
WRANGLE, vt. , we'la, belela.
WRAP, vt., linga [lingama, linga],kanga.
WRAPPER, ., molingako.
WRATH, ii., nkanda, nkelele
(llali).
WREATH, /////., nkata 6 makele.
WREATHE, vt., linga [lingama,
linga].
WRECK, vs., pandwangana; //..
bopandwangani.
WRENCH, vt., yosolo, kaya (kanya), kwakbla ; ind. , kib,
kiu.
WRESTLE, vs., sombotono.
WRETCH, //., epako, mokbngwa,
mokwata.
WRETCHEDNESS, ., bopako.
WRIGGLE, vs., kalwangana, milingana.
about to get free, vs. , pasangana.
WRING, vt., yotolo.
out, vt., yama.
WRINGER for oil or sugar cane
press, //.. loybnza (lonzal.
WRINKLE, ., monyuta, monyunya ; ;-/. , yunya, nyunya.
WRINKLED, vs., yutangana, nyunyungana.
WRIST, nph., litongo ll likanza,
llouca li likanza.
WRISTLET, ., cwoku.
WRITE, vt., sono.
WRITHE, vs., lebasana, milingana, yotwangana.
WRITING, ., llsono (mosono<.
from dictation, nph., bosoni bosakoli.
table, /////. , epomba e bosoni.
paper, //l'h., lingongo ll sono.
WRONG, ., liyese; /iph., zambi
libe.
going after having started right,
//./>/., mabaku; vph., baka
zambi na mabaku.

XVouND-YoLk

WRONG (continued).
declare to be in the wrong, vc.,
kitisa.
doer, a., moyeseni.
doing (purposed), . , loma [pl.,
nzoma] (bondunu).
doing (most deliberate), n. , montaka.
go, vs., yesene (wesene<.
(grievance), . , liyese.
WRY face, pull a, vph., nuya olongi.

YACHT, sailing, nph., bwe'ngo bo

bilamba.
steam, /////., bwe'ngo bb nkuka.
YAM, ., ngoma (moma).
various kinds of, ., llika (llyika), llsule.
wild and poisonous, ., lilela.
YAW, ., loketenge.
YAWN, ., mwasaso ; vph., nganybla munya.
YE, pron., binb.
YEA, intj., e!
YEAR, n., mobu, ebbngo.
YEARN, vin., lenga; vs., poibana;
ind., l1d1.
YEAST, ., elulubisa.
YELL, vs., lblwa.
YELLOW colour, n., bokbbo bb
ndobo ; ., bondbbb.
YELP, vt., lela.
YES, intj., e!
YESTERDAY, nph. , busa bbliki
lbbi ; ii., lbbi; nph., busa
bbliki bo lbbi.
YET, as, adv., nani.
never, ph., nani nyo.
(but), conj., nde.
YIELD (bear), vt., bbta, pe.
(give in), vt., tika, tosa.
YIELDING, ind., mblu.
YOKE, ., mokango.
of animals, nph., ebonda e bibale.
YOLK, ///., ebuki 6 likei, molbko mb likei.

YOU-ZlNC

( 496 )

You, pron., bino.

YOUNG, ///., nani elenge, nani d
bika ka.
sprightly man, n., ncalanga.
YOURSELVES, ref. pron., binbme.
YOUTH, ., elenge.
YOUTHFULNESS, ., bolelenge.
YOUTHHOOD, ., bolenge.

ZEAL, n. , bolengi, eybya, ntungu,

mpimba, mpweme.
ZEPHYR, n., embembe.
ZERO, n., mpamba.
ZIG-ZAG, vs., benzengana; /</.,
benzenge; ., libunu.
ZINC, i/., zinka.

( 497 )

LIST OF CORRECTIONS
THE WORDS TO BE CORRECTED FOLLOW THE CORRECTIONS
IN BRACKETS
PP- 3S/ 36Letter the paragraphs
as follows /

p. 1 19 Epepele, n. = ebubu (ebubu).

(a) The Prepositional Idea, etc.

(b) The Applied of Intransitive,
etc.
(c) The applied form regularly,
etc.
(d) In C 4, C 5, C 6, C 10, C 16,
etc.
(e) In C 3 there is a contraction,
etc.
p. 58 Under Complementary Sub
jectbakpsabwibwa
(bakosawibwa).
p. 58 Under Complementary Object
akotangisa (/ikotangi-

p. 1 1 9Epopbko ( Epopoko ).
p. 120Epukblbkoto (Epukbkb-

s1).

p. 84dph.= definitive (definite)

phrase.
p. 88add reply to bckbla.
p. 89add_ tow to bc'nda.
p. 90Bie-bii (Biebie).
p. 95bbla (bbla) nzoto.
p. 96add staring to bbli-bbli.
,p. 97 bomo'i (bomoi').
p. 98Bbndemela, vap. = bbndelela (bbnda).
p. 99Bonkeleti (Bonkelete).
p. 101 Boseli (Boseli).
p. 102Botale is in wrong place
alphabetically.
p. 1 10ebblo 6 likele (likele).
p. 113Ekiba (Ekiba).
p. n3Ekobo (Ekbbb).
p. n5 Elangi (Elangi).
p. 118Engengenge (Engenge-

koto).
p. 121Esingi, n., salt from mabuka imabuka).
p. 122Etebu (Etebu).
p. 125Ezbnga (Ezbnga).
p. 127kala biceci (biced).
p. 133-Kindela (Kinela).
p. 136Komo-komo (Kombkomb).
p. 137Kbsb-kbsb (Kosb-kbsb).
p. 138add warped to Kbtbtala.
p. 140add lie to kutela.
p. 144add subdued to lemamala.
p. 144Lembatana (Lembatana).
p. 145 Lengangala, vs. =lengengala (lengengala).
p. 147Libonzi (Libonzi!.
p. 149Likelekise (Likelekise).
p. 149Likiako (Likako).
p. ISOadd which is at first likbko
ll libata to likbko ll
nkamba.
p. 150Likosi (Likosi).
p. 150Likotb (Likoto).
p. 151 Likunzi (Likunzii.
p. 152Lilonga (Lilbnga).
p. 153Linda (Linda), //., wire.
p. 153add surround to linga.
p. 154 Lingundu (Lingundu).
p. 155 Lisasaku (Lisasaku).
p. 156Liseba (Liseba).
p. 156Lisiko (Lisiko).
K K

( 498 )
p. 158Litongi (Litoiigi), .,
node of grass.
p. 158 litbpe ll ncamba (ncambo).
p. 159Liyei (Liyel).
p. I (inLobbko (Lobbkb).
p. 163lolemu-lb-ngongbli (ngongbli).
p. 172 add obligation to mbengu.
p. 1 72Mbila-bayanzi (Mbilabayanzi).
p. 173Mbbnge (mbonge).
p. 173Mbbtaka-bana (Mbbtakabana).
p. i;6 MOBA (MORA).

p. 194Moybnzb in wrong place

alphabetically.
p. 198 Mwengi [p/., miengi]
(Mwengi [//., miengi]),
n. = lotbmo.
p. 202ndako (ndako) 6 keketenu.
p. 203Ndbmi iNdbmi i.
p. 204Ngatemu is in wrong place
alphabetically.
p. 205Ngbondb (Ngbondo).
p. 205 Ngbbngblb, t/. , tin plate
or box (kind of spear),
p. 205 Ngbi, /'//., steadfast (stedfast).
p. 205 add resist to ngendolo,

p. 176add reply to mobekb.

and also to teme ngendo.
p. 1 76add sake to mobelo.
p. \Tj-add ingot /o Mobombo
p. 206 Ngila (Ngila), ., ab
(Mobbmbo).
scess.
p. 2n ^</attack to Nkubb.
p. 178Mokakb (Mokako).
p. 179 Mokele, ., completion of p. 216 add bristle to Nzoso.
p. 223Pwe (pwe), ., lead,
payment ~ molangb
(molangb),
p. 224add be restless on account
of approaching death to
p. 179Mokito (Mokito).
sebene.
p. 180Mokwata IMokwata).
p. 225 add slope to selia.
p. 1 80add territory to Mokbndo,
p. 228add tip over to sbkia [socountry,
komo].
p. 181 Mole-no/i, . - ngonde
p. 230add sheath to subia.
(ngonde).
p. 231 Sungela (Sungela).
p. 182add cassava flour boiled in
p. 235add stand still to teme
a mass to molingako.
sika.
p. 183Mombb, n. -liyita (liyi| p. 237Tbmo (Tomb).
ta).
p. 237tonginya (tonginya).
p. 184 Mompipingi (Mompipi{ p. 237tbtwa ncwele incwele).
ngi).
p. 240add gradually to we.
p. 184Momwetengeno
(mop. 240Wela (Wela).
mwetengeno).
p. 240Woka (Wbka).
p. 1 86add vibration to Mbngip. 240add dismember to wokbmisa (Mongimisa).
la.
p. 186Mongono nopekcle (nop. 244yengia mbblongo, . ' ''/,,
pekele.)
p. 186 Monguya (Monguya).
to intimate (imitate).
p. 246add selfish to yima.
p. 188 Monkosi (Monkosi).
p. 246Yimasana (Yimasana).
p. 190 add report, statement to
p. 252Zebola (Zcbola <.
Mosakb.
p. 252Zelo (Zelb).
p. 191 Mosei (Mosei).
p. 252Zombb <Zombd<.
p. 192 Mosoni (Mosoni).
.'' 193 Mowaindo (Mowaindo).

( 499 )

LIST OF ADDITIONS
Alakali (Fr.), 3, ., alkall.
Bckc ndako eye eye ka, eye eye
ka, vph., to go from house to
house, living in first one and
then in another.
Bikolb, ind., darkness (of hue).
Boteti, n. , kind of tree which bears
seeds called nteti.
Botb, ind., merely, nothing else.
Cobongono [cobu-cobu], vs., to
be muddy.
Elikisa, ., burnt place, burnt
crust.
Engambambali, i/., anything large
in appearance.
Enkbkbto, n. -- enkoto.
Libeke, ., fireplace of old pots.
Libunda, . , heaving of water.
Licini (Med.), ., castor-oil plant.
mall ma llcini, nph. , castor oil.
Lilwa, n., kind of palm with very
broad leaves, which are much
appreciated for roofing.
Litobe, ., kind of small bottle.
Loketenge, n. , yaw, frambesia.
Lopapusa, //. = lipapusa.
Ijopasani, n., withered leaf.
Loyalo, ., layer, row, tier.
Mokuswa, n., box-stool.
mokuswa mo londlmba, ////:-.,
bobbin, spool.

Moncweli, n. , hissing sound made

by mouth when playing esanzi.
Montbbe, n. = mompopa.
Moulu, //., kind of tree.
Mpako, //., kind of honey made by
mimpipingi, also a large
canoe.
Mpolbla, /,, lokala.
Ngombe, ., rolling thunder.
Nyelele, sue tambbla.
Nzomo, ..-.', ncu ll nzbmo.
Pekele, ind., flapping, see sunda.
Poldko-poloko, ind., long (of
stitches).
Senza, vin., to be abortive (of
growth), be dwarfed, be stunted,
grow short.
Teleme, vs., to be at half-cock (of
gun).
Tonono, ind., flowing down (an
incline).
Twile, (Fr.), 3, ., tile.
Zinga, vin., to doze, be drowsy,
suffer with sleep sickness.
Zblo, ind., in neg. clauses, immedi
ately.
d sila zolo ka, to be not finished
by a long way.

Bu/ier & Tanner. The Sclwood Prin/ing Works, Frome, and bondon.

This book is not to be

taken from the Library