TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title

Page

I. Introduction
Objectives

Importance of Estimates

II. Specifications

III. Summary of Bill of Materials

IV. Detailed Estimates

Direct Cost

Indirect Cost

Computations
Earthworks

Concrete Works

Masonry

10

Steel Works

11

Tile

13

Painting

14

Truss

15

Roofing

19

V. Price Quotation and Canvass Sheet

21

VI. Labour Costs

22

VII. Appendix

23s

INTRODUCTION

OBJECTIVES
To give a reasonably accurate idea of the cost
An estimate is necessary to give the owner a reasonably accurate idea of the
cost to help him decide whether the works can be undertaken as proposed or
needs to be curtailed or abandoned, depending upon the availability of funds
and prospective direct and indirect benefits. For government works proper
sanction has to be obtained for allocating the required amount. Works are often
let on a lump sum basis, in which case the Estimator must be in a position to
know exactly how much expenditure he is going to incur on them
1. Estimating Materials
From the estimate of a work it is possible to determine what materials and in
what quantities will be required for the works so that the arrangements to
procure them can be made.
2. Estimating Labor
The number and kind of workers of different categories who will have to be
employed to complete the work in the specified time can be found from the
estimate.
3. Estimating Plant
An estimate will help in determining amount and kind of equipment needed to
complete the work.
4. Estimating Time
The estimate of a work and the past experience enable one to estimate quite
closely the length of time required to complete an item of work or the work as a
whole.
Whereas the importance of knowing the probable cost needs no emphasis,
estimating materials, labor, plant and time is immensely useful in planning and
execution of any work.

IMPORTANCE OF ESTIMATES

Estimating is the most important of the practical aspects of construction

management, and the subject deserves the closest attention of one aspiring to a
career in the profession. It is a comparatively simple subject to understand;
however, as it brings one up against practical work, methods and procedure,
knowledge of it cannot be acquired without close application
.
Estimating the cost for the construction plays an important role to a
project for it helps the engineer and the client in setting the budget for the plan.
It also helps the engineer in managing the time for the construction and it also
helps the engineer to determine the equipment and costs (direct or indirect)
needed for the whole plan which is really a necessity.

SPECIFICATIONS

This set of specifications shall govern the methods of construction and

the kind materials to be used for the proposed building shown in the plans and
detail drawings.
The plans, detail drawings and these specifications shall be considered
as complementing each other, so that what is mentioned or shown in one,
although not mentioned or shown in the other, shall be considered as appearing
on both. In case of conflict between the two, the same should be referred to the
designing engineer for resolution.
The construction shall conform to all the requirements of the National
Building Code, as well as the local rules and regulations of the
Municipality/City of Davao, Philippines.

SUMMARY OF BILL OF MATERIALS

Description

Quantity

Unit

Concrete Works
Concrete
899
bags
Sand
40.5
cu.m.
Gravel
82
cu.m.
C.H.B.
3773
pcs.
White Cement
55.5
kg
Vinyl Floor Tiles
2692
pcs
Steel Works
10 mm diameter
240
pcs
12 mm diameter
238
pcs
Wood Works
2x2 Coco Lumber
318
Bdft
Roof Works
10 G.I. Cor. Roofing Sheets
48
sheets
Rivets
6
kg
G.I. Washer
17
kg
Lead Washers
28.5
kg
Doors & Windows
D-1 Panel Door
1
set
D-2 Panel Door
1
set
D-3 Panel Door
3
set
D-4 PVC Door
3
set
Door Lock
8
set
Door Hinges
18
pairs
W-1 (1.2mx1.8m)
10
set
W-2 (1.2mx1.2m)
2
set
W-3 (1.2mx.6m)
2
set
W-4 (.5mx1m)
2
set

Unit Cost

Total Cost

235.00
500.00
700.00
15.00
35.00
46.00

211,265.00
20,250.00
57,400.00
56,595.00
1,942.00
169,832.00

145.00
325.00

34,800.00
77,350.00

18.00

5,724.00

205.00
9.00
23.00
150.00

9,840.00
54.00
391.00
4275.00

6800.00
9500.00
4500.00
1200.00
560.00
95.00
2000.00
1500.00
950.00
900.00

6,800.00
9,500.00
13,500.00
3,600.00
4,480.00
1,710.00
20,000.00
3,000.00
1,900.00
1,800.00

Excavation
Fill Materials
Gravel Base
Backfill

Earthworks
94.14
cu.m.
96.46
cu.m.
9.41
cu.m.
77.17
cu.m.

150.00
1200.00
120.00

14,469.00
11,292.00
9,260.00

DETAILED ESTIMATES

Direct Costs
A. Estimated Costs of Materials

751,029.00

B. Estimated Cost of Labor

314,100.00

C. Estimated Expenses for Contingency

315,050.00

Estimated Total Direct Cost

1,380,173.00

Indirect Costs
D. Contractors Profit

233,533.00

E. Contractors Tax

165,620.76

Estimated Total Indirect Cost

399,153.76

Total Project Cost

1,779,326.76

EARTHWORKS
Area of Floor Slab
A. (5m4m)

= 20m

B. (3.5m5m)

= 17.5m

C. (8m4m)

= 32m

D. (6m3.5m)

= 21m

E. (4.5m4.5m)

= 20.25m
110.75m

Volume of Floor Slab

VFloor Slab= (110.75m0.85m) = 94.14m3
Volume of footing and walls below the natural ground
Column Footing
V = (1m1m0.35m13 columns) = 4.55m3
Column
V = (0.3m0.3m1.2m13 columns) = 1.4m2
Wall Footing
V = (0.4m0.25m50.1m) = 5.01m3
C.H.B. Wall
V = (0.2m0.6m50.1m) = 6.01m3
Total

16.79m3

Space to be filled
VFloor Slab VF&W = 94.14m3 16.97m3 = 77.17m3
Earthfill required
VEarthfill = (77.17m31.25) = 96.46m3
Thickness of Gravel Fill
VFloor Slab x 0.10 = (94.14m30.10) = 9.41m3
8

CONCRETE WORKS
Column Footing
V = (1m1m0.35m13 pcs) = 4.55m3
Column
V = (0.3m0.3m1.2m13 pcs) = 1.404m3
Wall Footing
V = (0.4m0.25m50.1m) = 5.01m3
C.H.B. Walls
V = (0.2m0.6m50.1m) = 6.01m3
Slabs
1st Floor: V = (110.75m20.2m) = 22.15m3
2nd Floor: V = (110.75m20.3m) = 33.23m3

Total: V = 4.55m3 + 1.40m3 + 5.01 m3 + 6.01m3 + 22.15m3 + 33.23m3

= 72.3m3

Use Class A for mixture

Concrete: (72.35m39) = 651.15 say 652 bags of 40 kg. Portland Cement
Sand: (72.35m30.5) = 36.18 say 36.5 cu.m.
Gravel: (72.35m31) = 72.35 say 72.5 cu.m.

MASONRY
Area of walls (Inner and Outer)
A = Area of walls Area of doors and windows
= [(1332)+(9.532)+(7.533)+(1132)+(332)+(2.632)+
(53)+(3.53)] [(3.22.14)+(182.2)+(0.92.13)+(0.72.13)+
(30.5)+(20.61.2)+(1.21.22)+(1.8101.2)]
= 327.6m2 48.3m2
A = 279.8m2

C.H.B to be used
279.8m212.51.05 = 3672.36 say 3773 pieces of C.H.B.
Mortar
NCement = 279.8m20.7921.05 = 232.68 say 233 bags of 40-kg cement
VSand = 279.8m20.04351.05 = 12.78 say 13 cu.m.of fine aggregates
Plaster
A = 279.8m22 (sides of wall)= 559.6m2
V= 279.8m20.20m = 11.19m3
NCement = 11.19m30.36 = 4.03 say 4.5 bags of 40-kg cement
VSand = 11.19m30.02 = 0.22m3 say 1 cu.m. of fine aggregates

10

STEEL REINFORCEMENT
Column Footing
Net length of one cut reinforcing bar
Net length = 1m (20.5m) = 0.9m
Total number of cut bars in all footing
n = 72 = 14 pcs. per footing (crosswise)
14 pcs. 13 footings =182 pieces of cut bars
Total pieces needed (6m commercial steel bars)
n = 6m 0.9m = 6.5 pieces
N = 182 pcs.6.5 pieces = 28 pcs. 12 mm diameter6m steel bars
Column
Spacing of lateral ties
a. 1612mm = 19.2m
b. 4810mm = 48cm
c. The least side of the column is 48cm
Number of lateral ties in the column
7.2 m
.192 m

= 37.5 say 38

38+1 = 39 pcs.
39 pcs13 columns = 507 ties
Total bars needed (6m commercial steel bars)
507
6m

= 84.5 say 85 pcs. 10 mm diameter6m steel bars

11

STEEL REINFORCEMENT
Beams
There are 30 stirrups at 0.9m long say 1m per beam
Total number of stirrups
N = 30 stirrups28 beams = 840 stirrups
Total bars needed (6m commercial steel bars)
840
6m

= 140 pcs. 12mm diameter6m steel bar

For reinforcement
N = 103.6m6m = 17.27
17.274 = 69.08 say 70 pcs 12mm diameter6m steel bars
Walls
Total area of walls = 279.8m2 (refer to masonry)
Vertical reinforcement: 80cm spacing
279.8m21.6 = 447.68m2
Horizontal reinforcement: every 4 layers
279.8m21.72 = 481.26m2
Total bars needed (6m commercial steel bars)
447.68m2+481.26m2 = 928.94m2
928.946 = 154.82 say 155 pcs 10mm diameter6m steel bars

12

TILEWORKS

For area of the floor, refer to Earthworks.

Area = 11=.75m2

Pieces of tiles needed

N = 110.75 0.03 = 3691.67 say 3692 pieces of floor tiles

Cement Mortar
Area = 11=.75m2
NCement = 110.75 0.086 = 9.52 say 10 bags of 40-kg cement
NWhite Cement = 110.75 0.50 = 55.38 say 55.5 kg
NTile Adhesive = 110.75 0.11 = 12.18 say 12.5 bags

13

PAINTING

Area for walls

A = 279.8

The walls have a fine surface. For fine surface, the total area coverage of a
gallon is 40m2

For surface primer

N = 279.8m2 40m2 = 6.995 say 7 gallons of surface primer

For final coat

N = 279.8m2 40m2 = 6.995 say 7 gallons of final coat

For neutralizer
N = 7 gallons 2.5 =2.8 say 3 gallons of neutralizer

14

TRUSS

Truss 1
2049
2950+ k

200
k

k = 319.09

E=

2002+ 319.092

Z1 =

20442 +(2950+ 31.09)2

X
950+319.09

= 376.59
- 376.59 = 3481.56

2049
3269.09

X
1000+ 950+319.09

2049
3269.09

X1 = 795.44

Y1 =

10002+795.44 2

Y1 = 1277.78

X2 =1422.22

Y2 =

1422.222 +10002

Y2 = 1738.59

T1=2950+2049+3481.56+795.44+1422.22+1277.78+1738.59
T1=13714.59+200
T1 =13194.50mm

15

Truss 2
2500
4700+k

200
k

k = 408.7

E=

2002+ 408.72

Z1 =

25002+ 5108.72

X
1133.7

= 455.01
- 455.01 = 3481.56

2500

= 5108.7

Y1 =

7252+554.79 2 =

912.92
X1 = 554.79

Y2 = 1445.77

X2 = 1044.15

Y3 =1830.75

X3 = 1533.51

Y4 = 2256.55

X4 = 2022.87

T2 = 2433.9mm 2 = 4867.8mm

16

Truss 3
1663
2325+ k

200
k

k = 317.84
E=

16632+317.84 2

Z1 =

25002+ 2702.842

X
1642.84

= 455.01
- 455.01 = 2747

1663
2642.84

Y1 =

10002+1033.75 2 = 1438.28

X1 = 1033.75
T3 = 9407.03mm 6 = 56442.18mm

Truss 4
2500
6667 +k

200
k

k = 579.74
E=

2002+ 579.742

Z1 =

7246.742 +25002

X
1667+ 579.74

= 613.27
- 613.27 = 7052.58

2500

= 2246.74

Y1 = 1265.2

X1 = 775.07

Y2 = 1501.52

X2 = 1120.07

Y3 =1773.8

X3 = 1465.05

Y4 = 2067.9

X4 = 1810.03

Y5 = 237.73
17

X5 = 2155.02
T4 = 32128.97mm 4 = 128,515.88mm

18

Truss 5
2049
4193+k

200
k

k = 453.54
E=

2002+ 453.54 2

Z1 =

20492+ 4646.542

= 495.68
- 495.68 = 3481.56

X1 = 719.55

Y1 = 1231.97

X2 = 1156.56

Y2 =1528.93

X3 = 1593.57

Y3 = 1881.35

T5 = 19593.67mm

Truss 6
2500
4750+k

200
k

k = 415.04
E=

2002+ 415.04 2

Z1 =

25002+ 5108.72

= 458.91
- 458.91 = 5277.55

X1 = 551.05

Y1 = 1141.78

X2 = 1035.26

Y2 =1439.36

X3 = 1519.47

Y3 = 1819

X4 = 2003.68

Y4 = 2239.36

T6 = 46507.66mm2 = 93015.32mm

TT = T1+T2+T3+T4+T5+T6 = 297995.35mm
19

298m0.050.05= 0.75m or 317.83say 318 Bdft of coco lumber

20

ROOFING

Using a 3mx1.2m sheet

ASheet = (3 0.2/2) (1.2 0.1) = 3.19m

A1 = 2 (5.37) (4.75) (2) = 25.48

N1 =

25.48
3.19

= 7.99 say 8 sheets

A2 = 44.15
N2 =

44.15
3.19

= 13.84 say 14 sheets

A3 = 51.05
N3 =

51.05
3.19

= 16 sheets

A4&5 = 3 (3.41) 2
6.9

N4 = 3.19

N5 =

10.23
3.19

(2) = 10.23

= 2.26 say 3 sheets

= 3.21 say 4 sheets

A6 = 15.25

21

N6 =

15.25
3.19

= 4.8 or 5 sheets

AT = 25.48 + 44.15 + 51.05 + 10.23 + 6.9 +15.25 = 152.06

NT =

153.06
3.19

= 47.98 say 48 sheets

G.I. Rivets
NRivets = NT Rivets
= 48 22 = 1056 pieces
Convert to kg
X = 1056 180 = 5.87 say 6 kg

G.I. & Lead Washers

NWashers = (NRivets 2)
= (1056 2) = 2112 pieces
XGI Washers = 2112 126 = 16.76 say 17 kg
XLead = 2112 75 = 28.16 say 28.5kg

Plain GI Anchor Strap

NAnchor Strap = NRivet
NAS = 1056
NSheet = 1056 342 = 3.09 say 4 pieces 36x8ft. Plain G.I. Sheet

10563 (nails per strap) = 3168

Convert to kg
X = 3168 695 = 4.56 say 5 kg. 4d c.w. nail
22

PRICE QUOTATION AND CANVASS SHEET

Materials

Unit

Unit Price

Supplier

Gravel

cu.m.

700.00

Seahorse Parts and Hardware

2x2 Coco Lumber

Holcim Portland Cement

Bdft
bags

18.00
235.00

JP Lumber
Seahorse Parts and Hardware

Sand

cu.m.

500.00

Seahorse Parts and Hardware

10x20x40 CHB

pcs.

15.00

Seahorse Parts and Hardware

20x20 vinyl tiles

pcs.

46.00

Citi Hardware

White Cement

kg

35.00

Seahorse Parts and Hardware

Boysen latex paint

gal

486.00

Seahorse Parts and Hardware

Boysen flat wall enamel

gal

546.00

Seahorse Parts and Hardware

Boysen quick dry enamel

gal

603.00

Seahorse Parts and Hardware

Thinner

gal

295.00

Seahorse Parts and Hardware

10mm diameter steel bar

145.00

Seahorse Parts and Hardware

12mm diameter steel bar

325.00

Seahorse Parts and Hardware

sheet

205.00

Rivets

kg

9.00

GI Washer

kg

23.00

Lead Washer

kg

150.00

Panel Door (for D-1)

Panel Door (for D-2)
Panel Door (for D-3)
Panel Door (for D-4)

set
set
set
set

6800.00
9500.00
4500.00
1200.00

Door Lock

set

560.00

Door Hinges

pair

95.00

Window (for W-1)

Window (for W-2)
Window (for W-3)
Window (for W-4)

set
set
set
set

2000.00
1500.00
950.00
900.00

10GI Cor. Roofing Sheets

JHP Construction Supply and

Hardware
JHP Construction Supply and
Hardware
JHP Construction Supply and
Hardware
JHP Construction Supply and
Hardware

Candidos Works
Candidos Works
Candidos Works
Candidos Works
JHP Construction Supply and
Hardware
JHP Construction Supply and
Hardware

Candidos Works
Candidos Works
Candidos Works
Candidos Works

23

LABOR COST

Cost of manpower per day

Manpower

Quantity

Labor Cost

Total

Foreman

500.00

1500.00

Carpenter

410.00

2050.00

Laborer

350.00

1750.00

Welder

390.00

780.00

Tinsmith

450.00

900.00

Total

6980.00/day

24