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Rotating Equipment
References has been taken from,
1. Design of structures and foundations for vibrating machines by S. Arya,
M. O'Neill and G. Pincus
2. Foundation analysis and design by J. E. Bowels
3. Dynamics of bases and foundations by D. Barkan
4. Design of Machine Foundations - Lecture Notes of Professor M.H. El
Naggar, Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Western
Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada, N6A 5B9
In this page I will talk about the rigid block foundation for Centrifugal (Pump)
and Reciprocating machines (Compressor). We are considering the concrete
block is infinitely rigid and thus a lump mass model can be considered in
computer 3D modelling. To start the design of a block foundation, we need to
follow the following steps to collect the design data:
Step-1 : Review of pump / compressor drawing (Vendor Equipment Drawing)
The machine data pertinent to the dynamic analysis and design of the block
foundation should be obtained from vendors.
Step-2 : Collection of Geotechnical / soil data (Pl discuss with soil consultant and
look into project design criteria)
The Geotechnical data are used for evaluating the soil / pile stiffness and
damping coefficients, and are required for both static and dynamic design and
analysis of of block foundations. Following soil parameters are required:
o
o
If you are not doing any dynamic analysis of concrete block foundation, then
follow Step-4 for foundation sizing and put it into 3D model for any interference
check.
If you are doing the dynamic analysis of concrete block, then follow the
following steps.
Eccentricity e
(mils)
Machine
Pump / compressor
f<3000
(1.8-107) / (f)2
Pump / compressor
f> 3000
(12000/f)1/2
Motor
f<1500
1.5
Motor
1500< f <3000
Motor
f>3000
0.5
Now you are having all the information to start the foundation analysis and
design. You can put all the above data in any computer software program (say Dyna5) or use any text books to calculated the natural frequencies of
foundation. You can also use the different tables that I have attached here (click
for the table).
Natural frequency analysis of foundation:
This rigid block has six degree of freedom. So, you will calculate all the
following uncouple natural frequencies:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
When the CG of foundation system is far above the foundation base, coupling
effect needs to be considered to calculate the foundation natural frequency. In
this case sliding mode and rocking mode frequencies overlap each other and as
a result foundation dynamic analysis may be more critical. You can calculate
the coupled natural frequency using the formula mentioned in the table.
Coupled condition: 1. Sliding along X & Rocking about-Y and 2. Sliding along Y
& Rocking about X
Once, analysis is completed, please check the foundation for the following
conditions:
Resonance Frequency Check:
Calculate resonanace frequency and check that the ratio of machine frequency
vsresonance frequency (f / fd) is either less than 0.8 or greater than 1.2 in all six
degrees of freedom.
Resonance frequency can be calculated as follows: fd = fn / (1-2 x D2)
Anchor Bolt:
Anchor bolt shall be checked for start-up and coast down contion.
For a typical pump foundation drawing click here
I hope this page will be very helpful to you to understand the basic design of a
Pump foundation.