Omicron PTL User Manual Enu

OMICRON PTL
User manual
OMICRON PTL
User manual
V1.000
OMICRON electronics GmbH
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OMICRON PTL
User manual
Contents
1 Definition ....................................................................................................................................................3
2 General .......................................................................................................................................................3
3 Quick Start Information ............................................................................................................................3
4 XRIO Converter Structure ........................................................................................................................3
4.1 General Structure .................................................................................................................................3
4.2 Relay Parameter Section .....................................................................................................................3
4.3 Additional Information ...........................................................................................................................4
4.3.1 General ...........................................................................................................................................4
4.3.2 Relay Information ...........................................................................................................................4
4.3.3 Circuit Breaker ................................................................................................................................4
4.3.4 Test Information ..............................................................................................................................4
4.4 RIOplus .................................................................................................................................................4
4.5 Template Controller ..............................................................................................................................4
4.6 RIO .......................................................................................................................................................5
4.7 Activation of RIO Functions ..................................................................................................................5
5 Relay Settings Import ...............................................................................................................................5
6 Template Structure ...................................................................................................................................6
6.1 Hardware Configuration .......................................................................................................................6
6.2 Common Testing Procedures ...............................................................................................................6
6.2.1 Wiring Check ..................................................................................................................................6
6.2.2 Initial Test .......................................................................................................................................6
6.2.3 Trip Test with Circuit Breaker .........................................................................................................7
6.3 Feeder Protection Templates ...............................................................................................................7
6.3.1 Main and Backup Protection...........................................................................................................7
6.3.2 Switch onto Fault Protection ...........................................................................................................9
6.4 Line Protection Templates ....................................................................................................................9
6.4.1 Main Protection ...............................................................................................................................9
6.4.2 Backup Protection ....................................................................................................................... 14
6.4.3 Switch onto Fault Protection ........................................................................................................ 15
6.5 Transformer Protection Templates .................................................................................................... 16
6.5.1 Internal Fault Protection .............................................................................................................. 16
6.5.2 External Fault Protection ............................................................................................................. 18
6.6 Generator Protection Templates ....................................................................................................... 20
6.6.1 Generator Differential Protection ................................................................................................. 20
6.6.2 Underexcitation (Loss-of-Field) Protection .................................................................................. 21
6.6.3 Pole Slipping (Out-of-Step) Protection ........................................................................................ 22
6.6.4 Accidental Energization Protection .............................................................................................. 22
6.6.5 Other Generator Protection ......................................................................................................... 22
6.6.6 Fault on Connected Network ....................................................................................................... 25
6.7 Motor Protection Templates .............................................................................................................. 27
6.7.1 Overload Protection ..................................................................................................................... 27
6.7.2 Short Circuit Protection................................................................................................................ 28
6.7.3 Network Fault Protection ............................................................................................................. 28
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1 Definition
Protection Test Template (PTT): A PTT is one part of a Protection Testing Library item. It consists
of an *.occ file, and a XRIO Converter.
2 General
The OMICRON PTL User Manual describes the common aspects of all Protection Test Templates and
their included XRIO Converters. The specific aspects are covered in a PTT specific manual.
Each PTT is user adaptable and can be extended by inserting additional tests or shortened by deleting
tests to fit the requirements of each user.
The Protection Test Templates are intended to support the advanced Test Universe user. Advanced
knowledge of the Test Universe software, the XRIO standard and the LinkToXRIO concept is advised to
benefit from the Protection Testing Templates.
See www.omicron.at for more information on the Protection Testing Library.
3 Quick Start Information

Follow these steps before testing:

Read the PTT specific manual first.

Open the Protection Test Template.
Enter the relay settings into the Relay Parameter Section of the XRIO Converter or import them
using one of the available import filters.
Check and adapt the Additional Information parameters in the XRIO Converter.
Check the Hardware Configuration and adapt it if necessary.
See the connection diagram and establish all connections between the test set and the relay.
Check the test points in each test module and adapt them if necessary.
Follow the specific instructions contained in the Pause modules.
4 XRIO Converter Structure

4.1 General Structure
The XRIO Converter is already included in the Protection Test Template. It can be accessed by opening
the Test Object. Relay settings can be entered into the XRIO Converter either manually or automatically,
using one of the available import filters.
The XRIO Converters are divided into two root blocks, the CUSTOM block and the RIO block. The RIO
block contains the standard RIO test module interface. The CUSTOM block is normally re-named to
match the protection relay type modeled in the XRIO Converter. It normally has four sub-blocks:

Relay Parameter Section

Additional Information
RIOplus
Template Controller
4.2 Relay Parameter Section

The Relay Parameter Section is a collection of setting parameters of the modeled relay. Each
XRIO Converter has its own individual Relay Parameter Section to match the parameter structure of the
corresponding relay setting software as close as possible. The Foreign ID in the XRIO Converter can be
used to identify the relay parameters. This helps to find the correct parameters when the settings are
entered into the Relay Parameter Section manually.
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In some XRIO Converters, the Relay Parameter Section has been renamed to better match the relay
setting software.
4.3 Additional Information

The Additional Information block stores parameters and information, which are required for testing and
not a part of the relay settings. It contains at least the following sub-blocks:

General
Relay Information
Circuit Breaker
Test Information
4.3.1 General
The General block contains detailed information for the test report, like manufacturer, device type,
substation name etc. These parameters are linked to the NamePlate block in RIOplus and from there to
the Device sub block of the RIO block. Parameters in this block have to be set by the user.
4.3.2 Relay Information

The block Relay Information contains relay specific parameters such as tolerances or angles of
directional elements, which should not be set by the user because they are constant values. The values
set in this block can be found in the relay documentation. Typically, this block does not have to be
changed.
4.3.3 Circuit Breaker

The Circuit Breaker block includes information which is required for the CB test. This section includes
parameters which have to be defined by the user.
4.3.4 Test Information

The Test Information block is used to store calculations required for the configuration of test modules.
Calculated test points may be stored in this block.
4.4 RIOplus
The RIOplus section is divided into different sub-blocks, which include either relay information or
modeling of a certain protection function. The sub-blocks of these protection functions include all the data
required for testing the respective function.
The RIOplus block is not visible in the Standard view of the Test Object.
The RIOplus block can be extended, but existing parameters must not be deleted or changed. This will
disable formulas.
4.5 Template Controller

The Template Controller block contains special test data, which cannot be mapped into the standardized
RIOplus section, like the flags for the automated activation of test modules. This block can be extended
by the user with new customized blocks and parameters.
The Template Controller block is not visible in the Standard view of the Test Object.
The Template Controller block can be extended, but existing parameters must not be deleted.
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4.6 RIO
The RIO section of the XRIO Converter contains all functions required to use the specialized test
modules (like Advanced Distance or Overcurrent) provided by the OMICRON Test Universe software.
The RIO section can be extended, but existing parameters must not be deleted or changed. This will
disable formulas.
4.7 Activation of RIO Functions

If multiple RIO-Functions of one type exist in a converter, the desired one has to be selected for each test
module. Open therefore the local Test Object of the module and activate the RIO function you intend to
as shown below.
Test modules in standard OMICRON PTTs are configured with the corresponding RIO block as default
and thus they normally don't have to be changed.
Figure 1: Activating a RIO function
5 Relay Settings Import

Some relay manufacturers offer an export of the relay settings. Multiple relay settings import filters are
available to import these settings into the XRIO Converter of the corresponding
Protection Test Template.The following import filters are currently available:

Filter for AREVA S&R 103 .txt Settings

Filter for SEL 5010-5030 .txt Settings: A filter for SEL AcSELerator Quickset setting export files.
Filter for Siemens Digsi V3 .asc Settings
Filter for Toshiba RSM100 .csv Settings
Filter for GE Enervista .csv Settings
Standard Filter for XRIO files: A filter for relay settings in XRIO format.
Currently Siemens Digsi V4.81 and higher (Digsi V4 relays) and ABB PCM600 2.2 settings can
be exported in the XRIO format.
The handling of the import filters listed above is similar. Click the File menu in the menu bar of the
Test Object and click Import relay settings....
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Select the matching import filter in the Import Relay Settings dialog box.
After the relay settings have been imported successfully, a message box shows the number of imported
parameters.
Figure 2: Report after parameter import

Additionally, the imported parameters are shown as Information in the Error View of the Test Object.
When the import of a parameter fails, it gets shown as an Error or Warning.
Figure 3: Error View with information about imported parameters
6 Template Structure
6.1 Hardware Configuration
Each Protection Test Template contains an individual Hardware Configuration, which is specially
adapted to the specific relay and tests.
All binary inputs are preset to Potential Free and can be set as potential sensing inputs if necessary.
6.2 Common Testing Procedures

Some tests are standard tests and appear in all Protection Test Templates.

Wiring check
Initial test
Trip test with circuit breaker
6.2.1 Wiring Check

The wiring test is used to check the Analog Output connections between the CMC test set and the relay.
The QuickCMC test module is used to inject asymmetrical voltage and current values. For transformer
protection or some feeder protection PTTs, only asymmetrical currents are injected. If the injected values
match the values, measured by the relay, the test can be manually assessed as Passed.
6.2.2 Initial Test

The Initial test is used to check whether the relay reacts correctly in case of a protected object fault.
Additionally, the wiring of the trip signal between the test set and the relay is checked.
The Initial test simulates a fault event that is clearly different from normal load conditions. Usually, a high
fault current is injected into all three phases with the State Sequencer test module. The relay should trip
on this event, regardless of the active protection functions. The trip command and the reset of the trip
command are measured and assessed during the Initial test.
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6.2.3 Trip Test with Circuit Breaker

For testing the opening time of the circuit breaker, the State Sequencer test module is used. This test is
divided into three states: pre-fault, fault and post-fault. Usually a three-phase short circuit is simulated in
the fault stage. The time between the trip command and the opening of the circuit breaker main- and
auxiliary contacts is measured and assessed.
6.3 Feeder Protection Templates

Feeder protection templates mostly cover directional or non-directional overcurrent protection functions. If
a distance protection function is covered by a feeder protection test template, see chapter 6.4 for details
on distance protection specific tests.
6.3.1 Main and Backup Protection

Pickup Test
The overcurrent pickup is tested using the Overcurrent test module. The smallest pickup of all active
phase, residual and negative sequence overcurrent elements is tested. The pickup and the drop off value
are assessed. See the online help for further information on the Pick-up/Drop-off Test tab of the
Overcurrent test module.
Figure 4: Phase overcurrent pickup test

Directional Test
The overcurrent directional characteristic is tested with the Overcurrent test module. Two test shots are
placed inside the directional (forward or reverse) sector. Two more shots are placed just outside the
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directional sector. It is sufficient to attest the difference between the forward and non-directional,
alternatively between the reverse and non-directional or the forward and reverse characteristics.
Figure 5: Phase overcurrent directional test

Trip Time Test
The trip times are tested with the Overcurrent test module. Each overcurrent stage, is tested with two test
points. To minimize influences from overcurrent stages covering different fault types (e.g. phase
overcurrent in phase to ground tests) the following three fault types are tested:
A-B-C for testing the phase overcurrent elements
3I0 for testing ground or residual overcurrent elements
I2 for testing negative sequence overcurrent elements
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Figure 6: Phase overcurrent trip time test
6.3.2 Switch onto Fault Protection

There are several different versions of switch onto fault tests, due to the different algorithms used by the
relays. These tests are individually designed for each PTT. See the specific PTT manual for a detailed
description of the switch onto fault tests.
6.4 Line Protection Templates

6.4.1 Main Protection
Directional Test
If a directional overcurrent function is covered by the line protection PTT, the directional test is similar to
the feeder protection directional test. Most line protection PTTs cover distance protection functions, where
the Advanced Distance test module is used for testing the directional characteristic. It is sufficient to attest
the difference between the forward and non-directional, alternatively between the reverse and nondirectional characteristics.
Set the test points for the directional test similar to the test points shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8.
The distance direction is tested separately for fault loop A-N and fault loop A-B-C.
The directional test is not necessary for mho distance characteristics.
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Figure 7: Directional test point placement example 1 (quadrilateral zone characteristic)
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Figure 8: Directional test point placement example 2 (circle zone characteristic)

Trip Characteristic Test
If a directional overcurrent function is covered by the line protection template, the trip characteristic test is
similar to the feeder protection trip characteristic test. For distance protection relays, the trip characteristic
test is divided into two parts, a trip time test and a distance reach test.
Trip Time Test
The zone trip time is tested by a test shot placed at 90% of each active zone and 110% of all zones.
These shots are set on the line angle.
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Figure 9: Distance protection trip times

Possibly there are more test shots than necessary in the trip time test modules, because the preset test
points are set relative to all possibly active distance zones in forward and reverse direction. If a distance
zone is exclusively not active or directional, the test points set relative to this distance zone collapse into
the origin of the R-X test plane. In this case, delete all unnecessary test points. The unnecessary test
points can be identified by a very small impedance value - nearly zero (e.g. 8.333e-10 ) or by their
zone reference, which is set to Line length.
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Figure 10: Unnecessary test points

The pink test shots shown below are out of range. In this case, remove the link of the test current and set
the test current manually. The test current can be found in the Settings tab. Keep in mind that the test
current has to be higher than the distance protection release current.
Figure 11: Test current too high
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Reach Test
The distance reaches are tested by Check Tests with check lines at 0, 90, 180 and 270. Each check
line is set relative to a length of 120% of all active distance zones. In some Protection Test Templates,
the check lines might be placed at the line angle instead of 90 and 270. The check lines at 0 and 180
are not necessary for mho distance characteristics.
Figure 12: Distance reach test
6.4.2 Backup Protection

The backup protection in line protection templates is usually the non-directional overcurrent protection.
The pickup and trip time are tested similar to the feeder protection templates. The backup protection is
activated by a loss of potential, which means that zero voltage and a small load current are injected into
the relay. A preset time duration for this loss of potential state is defined. If this time is too short to block
the main protection function, increase the time manually.
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Figure 13: Backup overcurrent pickup test
Figure 14: Backup overcurrent trip time test
6.4.3 Switch onto Fault Protection

There are several different versions of switch onto fault tests, due to the different algorithms used by the
relays. These tests are individually designed for each PTT. See the specific PTT manual for a detailed
description of the switch onto fault tests.
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6.5 Transformer Protection Templates

The transformer protection templates contain tests for up to three protected transformer windings. The
tests are performed with simulated currents flowing through winding 1 and winding 2. If there is a third
transformer winding, currents are additionally simulated flowing through winding 1 and winding 3.
6.5.1 Internal Fault Protection

The internal fault protection is ensured by differential protection. The tripping and the blocking
characteristics of the differential protection are tested.
Blocking Test
The blocking test is intended to check the differential protection blocking in case of an external fault.
Three phase and single phase currents through the transformer are tested with the Diff Configuration test
module. The single phase test additionally checks the correct zero sequence current elimination. The test
has to be assessed by clicking the Passed or Failed button after a sufficient time. Although Figure 15
shows a supply and an external fault, this test is not intended to check the behavior of the protection relay
during external fault conditions. It is intended to check whether the internal fault protection, normally a
differential protection function, blocks during external fault conditions or a load current.
Figure 15: Internal fault protection blocking test

The external fault protection may trip during this test, especially if higher fault currents are injected into the
relay.
Characteristic Test
The characteristic test is intended to check the differential protection trip in case of an internal fault.
Internal single phase and multi phase faults are tested with the Diff Operating Characteristic test module.
A search test is performed to verify the trip characteristic. Change the predefined test lines to fit the
characteristic set in the protection relay.
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Figure 16: Differential operating characteristic test

The external fault protection may trip during this test, especially if higher fault currents are injected into the
relay.
Trip Time Test
The differential trip time test is intended to check the differential protection trip time. The
Diff Trip Time Characteristic test module is used. One three phase fault is preset in this test, but any
required test point can be added.
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Figure 17: Differential trip time test
6.5.2 External Fault Protection

The external fault protection is usually a combination of timed and instantaneous overcurrent protection
functions, which can be set individually for each transformer winding. Therefore, external fault protection
tests are prepared for every transformer winding. The tests are identical for each transformer winding.
Pickup Test
The pickup of the smallest active overcurrent stage is tested with the Ramping test module. The fault
current (single phase and multi phase faults) is ramped until the relay picks up.
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Figure 18: Overcurrent pickup test

Trip Time Test
The overcurrent trip times are tested for single phase and multi phase faults. The Overcurrent test module
is used for this test.
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Figure 19: Overcurrent trip time test
6.6 Generator Protection Templates

The generator protection templates contain tests for the protection of low or high voltage generators.
Since the characteristic of the different protection functions may overlap, it may be necessary to block
some functions during a test. Therefore, follow the test instructions given in the template Pause modules.
6.6.1 Generator Differential Protection

Blocking Test
The blocking test is intended to check the differential protection blocking in case of an external fault that
occurs on the connected power system.
Three phase and single phase external faults are tested with the Diff Configuration test module. The
single phase test additionally checks the correct zero sequence current elimination in case a step up
transformer is also inside the protected zone. The test has to be assessed by clicking the Passed or
Failed button after a sufficient time.
Characteristic Test
The characteristic test is intended to check the differential protection trip in case of an internal fault. Single
phase and multi phase faults are tested with the Diff Operating Characteristic test module. A search test is
performed to verify the trip characteristic. Change the predefined test lines to fit the characteristic set in
the protection relay.
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Figure 20: Differential operating characteristic test

Other protection functions used to protect the generator may trip during this test, especially if higher fault
currents are injected into the relay.
Trip Time
Diff Trip Time Characteristic test module is used. Single phase and multi phase faults are tested. One test
point is preset for each fault type, but any required test point can be added.
6.6.2 Underexcitation (Loss-of-Field) Protection

The underexcitation protection function is tested using the Advanced Distance test module. The
underexcitation zones are modeled in the impedance plane. This enables testing of the operating
characteristic as well as the trip times of the different zones. No test points are preset for this test. The
user has to set the test shots manually. An example of how the user can place the test shots, is shown in
the figure below.
Figure 21: Test shots example for underexcitation test
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6.6.3 Pole Slipping (Out-of-Step) Protection

The relay response is tested during a power swing condition centered in the generator protection zone.
The State Sequencer test module is used. For each power swing at least four test states are used to
simulate this phenomenon. The Impedance View of the State Sequencer test module can be used to
visualize and control the test points.
Figure 22: Pole slipping states 1 to 4 (power swing in the generator) Impedance View
Depending on the specific relay, more test points (inserted between the points shown above) may be
required for the simulation.
6.6.4 Accidental Energization Protection

The accidental (inadvertent) energization test is intended to check the behavior of the generator protection
relay when a not-synchronized or offline generator is accidentally connected to the network. This function
is usually predefined in relays as a combination of timed undervoltage and instantaneous overcurrent
elements. The pickup values (voltage and current), the trip times and the blocking logic of this function are
tested. The accidental energizing tripping conditions are simulated using the State Sequencer test
module. See the template specific documentation for a detailed description of this test.
6.6.5 Other Generator Protection

The following protection functions are also covered in the generator protection templates:
Frequency (over/under);
Phase and residual Voltage (over/under);
Overexcitation (V/Hz);
Unbalanced load (negative sequence overcurrent);
Overcurrent; (phase and residual);
Power protection (reverse and forward).
The pickup value and the trip time are tested for these functions.
Pickup Test
The pickup is tested with the Ramping test module. It is tested with a first ramp, increasing (decreasing)
the related quantity (frequency, voltage, current or power) until the pickup value is reached. If applicable,
a second ramp decreases (increases) the quantity until the pickup signal is reset. The pickup and drop off
values are measured and assessed.
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Figure 23: Overfrequency pickup test
Figure 24: Phase overcurrent pickup test
Trip Time Test

The trip time is tested by simulating a suitable fault and checking the relay response. Different test
modules are used depending on the tested protection function.
The State Sequencer test module is used for the frequency, voltage, overexcitation and power trip time
tests. This test is divided into three states: pre-fault, fault and post-fault.
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Figure 25: Overvoltage trip time test

The Overcurrent test module is used for the unbalanced load and overcurrent trip time tests. Test points
are preset in this test, but they can be adjusted if necessary.
Figure 26: Unbalanced load trip time test
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6.6.6 Fault on Connected Network

The generator protection template also covers tests for protection functions that usually protect the
generator from faults on the connected power system or on the connected transformer/bus. These
protection functions may also be used as a backup protection for generator faults.
Under Impedance Protection
The under impedance protection test is divided into two parts, a trip time test and a reach test. The
Advanced Distance test module is used. Test shots are placed usually at 0 and/or 90 of each active
zone. The test points can be adapted if necessary.
Figure 27: Under Impedance trip time test

Voltage-Dependent Overcurrent Protection
The pickup value and the trip time are tested. The Ramping test module is used for the pickup test. If
applicable, the VI Starting test module may be used to check the voltage-dependent pickup characteristic.
In this case, the overcurrent pickup value is checked for different voltage levels.
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Figure 28: Voltage-dependent overcurrent pickup test

The Overcurrent test module is used for the trip time test. A voltage value is preset in the test module to
be provided during the test, but can be changed if necessary.
Figure 29: Voltage-dependent overcurrent trip time test with a preset voltage
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Overload Protection
The trip time is tested by simulating a three-phase overload condition. The Overcurrent test module is
used. A test shot is preset, but can be changed if necessary.
6.7 Motor Protection Templates

Motor protection templates contain tests of protection functions supervising the magnitude of current or
voltage to protect the motor.
6.7.1 Overload Protection

The overload protection comprises tests for multiple current (or voltage and current) magnitude dependent
elements, protecting the motor from overload caused by problems in the powered process.
These functions are often depending on a thermal image with additional restart inhabitation. Therefore it
may be necessary to reset the thermal image after each test shot for a correct display of the tripping
characteristic. The thermal reset unlatches the trip command and enables the next test sequences. In
some configurations the trip command will not unlatch without an additional confirmation to the relay. In
this case it is necessary to assure the unlatching manually after every test shot.
Motor Starting Protection (Acceleration Time) Trip Time Test
The Overcurrent test module is used for trip time tests of startup supervision functions. The pre-fault time
is set to 0 s to assure activation of this function. If an additional logic is configured for this function,
corresponding conditions need to be set manually to arm the function. One test shot relative to the
minimum trip value of this function is preset in this test, but it can be adjusted if necessary.
Figure 30: Motor Starting Protection Trip Time Test

Thermal Overload Trip Time Test
The Overcurrent test module is used for trip time tests of the Thermal Overload function. One test relative
to the minimum trip value of this function is preset in this test, but it can be adjusted if necessary.
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Stall after Startup (Mechanical Jam) Trip Time Test

The Overcurrent test module is used for trip time tests of the mechanical jam function. A pre-fault time is
set to a time longer than the minimum running time duration of the motor. One test shot relative to the
minimum trip value of the function is preset, but it can be adjusted if necessary.
6.7.2 Short Circuit Protection

Current Differential Protection
Blocking Test
The blocking test is intended to check the differential protection blocking in case of an external fault that
occurs on the connected power system (the protected motor supplies the fault) and under a normal load
condition (three phase, symmetrical conditions). Both cases are simulated using the Diff Configuration test
module. The test has to be assessed by clicking the Passed or Failed button after a sufficient time.
Characteristic Test
The characteristic test is intended to check the differential protection trip in case of an internal fault. Single
phase and multi phase faults are tested with the Diff Operating Characteristic test module. A search test is
performed to verify the trip characteristic. Change the predefined test lines to fit the characteristic set in
the protection relay.
Other protection functions used to protect the motor may trip during this test, especially if higher fault
currents are injected into the relay.
Trip Time Tests
Diff Trip Time Characteristic test module is used for this test. Single phase and multi phase faults are
tested. One test point is preset for each fault type, but any required test point can be added.
Overcurrent Protection
Pickup Test
The overcurrent pickup is tested using the Ramping test module. It is tested with a first ramp, increasing
the current until the overcurrent pickup is reached. Afterwards, a second ramp decreases the current until
the pickup signal is reset. The pickup and dropoff currents are measured and assessed. Usually
phase-phase, phase-ground, negative sequence and zero sequence pickups are tested.
Trip Time Test
The trip times are tested with the Overcurrent test module. Each overcurrent stage, except the one with
the smallest pickup value, is tested with two test points.
6.7.3 Network Fault Protection

Current Amplitude Unbalance Protection
Pickup Test
The current unbalance protection pickup is tested using the Ramping test module. This test is similar to
test described in the Current Differential Protection Blocking Test chapter. The negative sequence
component of the current is ramped. Depending on the type of the unbalance element used in the relay
the value of the positive sequence current is at motor nominal level (elements comparing ratio of negative
and positive sequence currents magnitude) or at zero (elements supervising only negative sequence
current magnitude).
Trip Time Test
The trip times of the current unbalance protection are tested with the Overcurrent test module. This test is
similar to test described in Overcurrent Protection Trip Time Tests chapter. Additionally the load current is
at motor nominal level (elements comparing ratio of negative and positive sequence currents magnitude)
or at zero (elements supervising only negative sequence current magnitude).
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Overvoltage / Undervoltage Protection

Pickup Test
The pickup is tested with the Ramping test module. It is tested with a first ramp, increasing (decreasing)
the related quantity (phase voltage magnitude or negative sequence voltage magnitude,) until the pickup
value is reached. If applicable, a second ramp decreases (increases) the quantity until the pickup signal is
reset. The pickup and drop-off values are measured and assessed.
Trip Time Test
The trip time of the function is tested by simulating a suitable fault and checking the relay response.
The State Sequencer test module is used. This test is divided into three states: pre-fault, fault and postfault.
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3 Quick Start Information

Read the PTT specific manual first.

4 XRIO Converter Structure

Relay Parameter Section

4.2 Relay Parameter Section

OMICRON electronics GmbH

4.3 Additional Information

4.3.2 Relay Information

4.3.3 Circuit Breaker

4.3.4 Test Information

4.5 Template Controller

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4.7 Activation of RIO Functions

Figure 1: Activating a RIO function

5 Relay Settings Import

Filter for AREVA S&R 103 .txt Settings

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Figure 2: Report after parameter import

Figure 3: Error View with information about imported parameters

6.2 Common Testing Procedures

6.2.1 Wiring Check

6.2.2 Initial Test

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6.2.3 Trip Test with Circuit Breaker

6.3 Feeder Protection Templates

6.3.1 Main and Backup Protection

Figure 4: Phase overcurrent pickup test

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Figure 5: Phase overcurrent directional test

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Figure 6: Phase overcurrent trip time test

6.3.2 Switch onto Fault Protection

6.4 Line Protection Templates

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Figure 7: Directional test point placement example 1 (quadrilateral zone characteristic)

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Figure 8: Directional test point placement example 2 (circle zone characteristic)

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Figure 9: Distance protection trip times

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Figure 10: Unnecessary test points

Figure 11: Test current too high

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Figure 12: Distance reach test

6.4.2 Backup Protection

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Figure 13: Backup overcurrent pickup test

Figure 14: Backup overcurrent trip time test

6.4.3 Switch onto Fault Protection

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6.5 Transformer Protection Templates

6.5.1 Internal Fault Protection

Figure 15: Internal fault protection blocking test

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Figure 16: Differential operating characteristic test

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Figure 17: Differential trip time test

6.5.2 External Fault Protection

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Figure 18: Overcurrent pickup test