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Application
Contraphase P10 is a transmission
line unit protection scheme which
compares the phase angle of the
fault current at both ends of a high
voltage power line by modulating a
high frequency signal transmitted
over the line.
The scheme provides non-phase
segregated protection for 50Hz or
60Hz feeder circuits where the
nominal CT secondary current is 1A
or 5A.
Description
Contraphase P10 equipment has
better performance, more
comprehensive built-in testing
facilities and is smaller in size than
previous phase comparison
schemes.
Improved design of the sequence
current networks gives each
equipment high sensitivity for
unbalanced faults, even in the
presence of high load currents.
Sequence filters and impulse starters
for both positive and negative
sequence components of the
primary fault current enable low
fault settings to be achieved in the
presence of considerable load
unbalance.
Three phase fault settings are
adjustable between 30% and 60%
of rated current and phase to earth
fault settings between 15% and
60% of rated current.
The modulator has automatic
capacitive current compensation to
ensure stability by providing
variable modulation of the high
frequency signal dependent on the
current level.
The operating time of the protection
is typically 20ms at five times the
setting current. Stability is ensured
for all system through fault levels
and dc time constants without the
need for specially designed current
transformers.
Operation
starters
CT
secondary
current
Modulator
Low set
Sequence
network and Marginal
starting unit guard
Programmable
phase locked
loop oscillator
Transmission
control logic
Excessive
transmission
alarm contacts
(Hand reset)
Transmitter
High
set
Excessive
transmission
alarm
C
B
Line matching,
dummy loads and
test attenuator
I/P relay
H.F. line
(75 ohms)
D
Receiver
Detector
dB
Discriminator
Output
stage
F
DC supply
Programmable
phase locked
loop oscillator
DC/DC
converter and
protection
Trip contacts
(Self reset)
H
Transmitter
3 phase
input from line CTs
Capacitive current
compensation setting
control and
band-pass filter
Modulator
Squarer
with offset
K(MI2 + NI1)
= KIM
Phase sequence
networks
High set
Balanced fault
setting control
low-pass filter
and rectifier
KI1
Impulse starters
KI2
Low set
Delayed
drop off
timer
Impulse starters
Key
I1 Positive sequence current
I2 Negative sequence current
IM Modulating current
Unbalanced fault
setting control
low-pass filter
and rectifier
Marginal
guard
Non-impulse
starters
IY
T1
A phase
IX
T4
T2
Input
from
CTs
VA B
Z1
Z3
IZ
IIN
Z2
VO
VB C
B phase
Common
T3
C phase
VA
VAB
IY
IZ
VA
VAB
60
60
IX
IY
IX
VBC
VBC
VC
IX + IY = IZ = 0
VB
VB
V0 = IZ Z3
IX + IY = IZ = 3IY
VC
Test transmission
Carrier received
Test correct
Timer
AC mains
transmission (modulated in
accordance with the primary
current) from both equipments
simultaneously, suitable for viewing
on an oscilloscope. The test lasts
somewhat less than the operating
time of the excessive transmission
alarm.
Test fail
ExtendedClock
transmission
Out of service
I/P relay
Extended transmission
Continuous
Modulated
B
F
Test transmission
Test strip
AC current
injection
Test stability
AC current
injection
Comprehensive test
B
H
Test voltage
D
Test voltmeter
Comprehensive test
Voltmeter
Supply supervision
180
160
140
Width of gap in
carrier signal
transmitted from local
end = 180 c
c
2
Threshold = I X
= 1.3I C1 setting
Where c
= 2 sin1
180 c
120
Squarer offset
Angle (degrees)
c
2
100
Threshold
MI 2 + NI 1
80
60
40
MI 2 + NI 1 = I M
20
0
4 5 7
Current
10
20
MI2 + NI1
Threshold
30 40 50 70 100
Rated dc
supply
To protection
unstabilizing
relay
ZA3
ZA5
ZA4
ZA7
ZA9
ZA6
To protection
in-out relay
Carrier
protection
alarm
ZA8
ZA10
125V
800
OSA
4
54V
800
OSB
4
ZD2
ZD7
POD3
ET4
POD4
OSA2
POA1
OSA3
POB1
OSA4
ZD1
0YA
POC3
POC4
ET3
ZD6
ZD1
YA2
YA3
HF
*
*
0V
240V
SF2
Sequence
network
SF3
B Phase
C Phase
YD6
YD7
YD9
YD8
YD10
YH1
YH3
YH2
To K10 or P10
equipment in parallel
when fitted
HF line power
filter mounted on
rear of subrack
assembly
YH4
TFP
TWL
WA5
WA6
WA7
S1
S2
S1
WA8
WA9
WA10
S2
S1
S2
WA1
WA3
WA2
WA4
415V
Low set
Fault recorder contacts
High set
Key to symbols
UN
OSA
OSB
ET
TF
SF
POA
POB
POC
POD
TFP
TWL
ZA3
Low set
High set
Coaxial
cable
to line
coupler
Note 1
Select phase to neutral phase to phase connection
as required to achieve protection stability during
comprehensive reflex testtest stability.
An interposing transformer may be necessary,
particularly when 415V tap is not supplied.
Note 2
* Denotes relay normally energised
contacts shown de-energised.
Cubicle or rack
earth bar or stud
SF4
Carrier
protection
alarm
YH8
TF4
YA9
YA8
YD5
YD4
Case
A Phase
YA6
YA7
YD2
YD3
YH10
TF3
YA5
YA4
YD1
YH9
TF2
ZH4
POD2
ET2
ZD8
To 50/60Hz
ac supply
(See Note 1)
UN
4
1.2k
+Common
ZA2
ZD3
YA10
800
50V
ZA1
ZH2
27V
+Common
ZD9
Carrier
protection
alarm
820
50V
ZD5
ZD4
Carrier
protection
alarm
1k
125V
Technical Data
Ratings
Current
In
Frequency
Power supply
Nominal
Range
1A or 5A
50Hz or
4751Hz
60Hz
5761Hz
In continuous
34 In for 3s
PPBB206
50V dc
4358V dc
PPBB206
125V dc
88150V dc
PPBB101
50V dc
4358V dc
Auxiliary supplies:
Comprehensive test and
clock supply
Control supply
(for the out-of-service and
unstabilising relay)
220/240V ac or 197255V ac or
380/415V ac
341440V ac
at 50 or 60Hz
4761Hz
50V dc or
125V dc
3760V dc or
66150V dc
Settings
Impulse starters
Non-impulse starter
Negative sequence current
(XI2) starter
Modulator squarer
Line capacitive current (IC1)
Stability angle
Operating time
Minimum: 10ms
Maximum: 40ms
Dwell time
Contacts
Trip
0.5s
0.6ms
Alarm
Breaking duty
Burdens
AC current circuit
HF characteristics
Carrier frequency
Frequency stability
20Hz
HF output impedance
75 ohms
Receiver sensitivity
Reflex test
Functional
Channel attenuation
Gross range
25dB
Note: 2.5dB is allocated for each hf
line power filter and the
received level exceeds the
reflex test sensitivity by a
margin of normally 6dB
10
Receiver selectivity
Passband response
Rejection
HF line power filter
Rated frequency (fm)
Pass band
Rejection/combination band
10C to +55C
40kg
Current transformer
Requirements
If (RCT + 2RW)
where
X/
If
89/336/EEC
EN 50081-2:1994
EN 50082-2:1995
Product safety
73/23/EEC
Compliance is demonstrated by
reference to generic safety
standards
11
Dielectric withstand
IEC 600255-5: 1977
12
Key to Modules
See Figure 8 below
Ref.
Description
AC auxiliary supplies
12
13
Starters
Transmitter oscillator
14
HF power amplifier
15
16
Modulator squarer
Control
17
Detector
18
Receiver filter
19
Demodulator
20
10
Demodulator filter
21
11
Demodulator oscillator
22
22
38mm
22
43mm
133mm
21
44mm
Removable
glass cover
(optional)
533mm
4
190mm
444mm
3mm
10mm
6
1
0
1
1
19
20
1
2
133mm
165mm
7mm
13
1
4
1
5
1
6
1
7
46mm
1
8
26mm
108mm
2mm
38mm
483mm
Maximum
depth
34mm
13
363mm
Case
The case is suitable for 483mm rack
mounting, and comprises four
permanently bolted 133mm high
sub-racks. A glazed front cover is
available as an optional feature.
Auxiliary attracted armature relays
are mounted on an inset hinged
assembly 267mm high, accessible
from the rear of the modular
housing.
The 10-way terminal blocks on the
rear of the case have metric M5
threads.
Subrack Z
1
3
5
7
9
D
2
4
6
8
10
1
3
5
7
9
2
4
6
8
10
1
3
5
7
9
Subrack Y
1
3
5
7
9
H
2
4
6
8
10
1
3
5
7
9
2
4
6
8
10
1
3
5
7
9
Subrack X
Subrack W
1
3
5
7
9
2
4
6
8
10
2
4
6
8
10
TWL
TFP
20
19
Line earth
2
4
6
8
10
Information Required
with Order
A schedule of the information
required is available on request. The
principle items on this schedule are:
1
System voltage
12 Carrier frequency
13 Coupling band
14 Particulars of any other
frequencies to be used in
parallel on the line. If other
frequencies to be used, please
state:
Equipment manufacturer
Type
3 phase faults
Frequencies
Phase-phase faults
Power to line
Phase-earth faults
5
Line CT ratio
15
ALSTOM T&D Protection & Control Ltd St Leonards Works, Stafford, ST17 4LX England
Tel: 44 (0) 1785 223251 Fax: 44 (0) 1785 212232 Email: pcs.enquiries@tde.alstom.com Internet: www.alstom.com
2000 ALSTOM T&D Protection & Control Ltd
Our policy is one of continuous development. Accordingly the design of our products may change at any time. Whilst every effort is made to produce up to date literature, this brochure should
only be regarded as a guide and is intended for information purposes only. Its contents do not constitute an offer for sale or advice on the application of any product referred to in it.
ALSTOM T&D Protection & Control Ltd cannot be held responsible for any reliance on any decisions taken on its contents without specific advice.
Publication R5247E