An analytic network process

approach to measuring desing

change impacts in modular
products
2012. 5. 3.
Minchul Shin
Information and Industrial Engineering

Contents

Purpose of this paper

Preview
Analytic network process
4 steps of analytic network process
ANP result and its application
Conclusion

Purpose of this paper

The car needs design changes in some parts

Each part has a different impact in design change, that is,

- Design changes of some parts will cause numerous design changes in other parts
- Design changes of some parts will cause minor design changes in other parts

We call this impact as RCI(Relative Change Impact)

The author want to rank the RCI of some parts in the car

Preview
Four modules of the automobile system

(a) Cockpit module, (b) Front-end module, (c) Door module, (d) Chassi module

Preview
Design dependency network(part level)

Preview
Design dependency network(module level)

Preview
With what process, we can decide the RCI?
We can use ANP
Next slide will explain you about what is ANP

Analytic network process

What is ANP?
AHP decomposes a problem into several levels making a hierarchy,
in which each decision element is considered to be independent
ANP extends AHP to problems with dependence and feedback
ANP allows for more complex interrelationships among decision
elements by replacing the hierarchy in AHP with a network

ANP

AHP

4 Steps of analytic network process

(Step 1) Model construction
(Step 2) Pairwise comparisons & local priority vector
(Step 3) Super matrix formation and transformation

(Step 4) Final priorities

4 Steps of analytic network process

(Step 1) Model construction
The problem is decomposed into a network in which nodes
correspond to clusters. The elements in a cluster can influence
some or all of the elements of any other cluster

4 Steps of analytic network process

(Step 2) Pairwise comparisons & local priority vector
The elements of each cluster are compared pairwisely with
respect to their impacts on other elements in the cluster
In addition, pairwise comparisons are made for interdependency
among elements outside cluster
Clusters are also compared pairwisely with respect to their
impacts on other clusters
The way of conducting pairwise comparisons and obtaining
priority vectors is the same as in the AHP

4 Steps of analytic network process

Pairwise comparisons & local priority vector

4 Steps of analytic network process

Pairwise comparisons & local priority vector

4 Steps of analytic network process

Pairwise comparisons & local priority vector

4 Steps of analytic network process

Pairwise comparisons & local priority vector

4 Steps of analytic network process

(Step 3) Super matrix formation and transformation
The local priority vectors are entered into the appropriate columns
of a supermatrix, which is a partitioned matrix where each segment
represents a relationship between two clusters

4 Steps of analytic network process

Supermatrix

4 Steps of analytic network process

Supermatrix is changed to Weighted Supermatrix

4 Steps of analytic network process

Weighted supermatrix

4 Steps of analytic network process

(Step 4) Final priorities
When the supermatrix covers the whole network, the final priorities
of elements are found in the corresponding columns in the limit
supermatrix

4 Steps of analytic network process

Limit supermatrix

ANP result and its application

Final result: RCI(Relative Change Impact)

ANP result and its application

What can we do with the derived RCI values?
If changes are required for a product, the solution should be
devised in such a way that the high RCI parts and modules are
changed as little as possible
In an existing product, the fact that one of the modules has a
too-high RCI value means that the whole product depends so
highly on one module that the product architecture should be
redesigned
Change in cost can be estimated based on the RCI values. It
makes sense that the change in cost is proportional to the RCI
values of modules or parts, since a high RCI implies a high
extent of required change

Conclusion
This paper proposed the ANP approach for the analysis of
design change impacts in modular products
The design dependency network was constructed to represent
change relationships among parts and modules

Then, the RCI values of the modules or parts were measured

through the ANP procedure

Any Questions?