TORCH

Toxoplasmosis :
Toxoplasma gondi , cat exposure , increase risk of transmission with
increase of gestational age
Clinical :
1st trimester death
2nd trimester triad : hydrocephalus , choriretinitis , intracranial
calcification
3rd trimester asymptomatic
Diagnosis : isolation of organism
PCR , IgM and IgG in mothers
Treatment : spiromycen ,, TMP/SMX and supportive

Syphilis :
Trepenoma pallidum , transplacental /sexual
Clinical :
Early asymptomatic
Late maculopapular rash , hepatomegaly , Hutchinson teeth , saddle
nose , saber shine
Diagnosis : dark filed microscopy , FTA-Abs , RPR,VDRL
Treatment : penicillin

Rubella :
Togavirus , transplacental , respiratory secreation
Clinical :

Blueberry muffin , cataract , chorioretnitis , salt and pepper retinopathy

Diagnosis : culture from blod , urni , csf, oral/ nasal secreation
Treatment : supportive

Cytomegalovirus :
Human herpesvirus 5 , trancplacenta , perinatal , body fluids , and
reactive latent virus
Clinic :
At birth and postnatal asympromatic
Preterm septic apnea , bradycardia , intestinal distention
periventricular calcification , MCC of sensory neuronal hearing loss
Diagnosis : Culture and PCR
Treatment : supportive

Herpes simplex virus :

Human herpes 1&2 , vaginal contact * premature rupture of membrane
*
Clinical :
Vesicular lesions on an erythematous base , keratoconjunctivitis ,
cataract , choriretinitis , ulcerative lesions
Multipule strokes , seizures PLEDS pattern temporal seizures , poor
feeding
Diagnosis : PCR of CSF hemorrhagic ,IgM titers , HSV culture of
lesion
Treatment : acyclovir