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HomeJavaScriptNode.jsAGentleIntroductiontoNode.js

ABOUT JINAL PATEL

JinalPatelisaSoftwareConsultantatKeyholeSoftware.Shehasworkedwith.NET,Java,andJavaScript/SPAtechnologiesandloves
achallenge.Beforeshewasacoder,shewasinbiomedicalengineering.

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A Gentle Introduction to Node.js

Postedby:JinalPatel inNode.js March1st,2016

Recentlyatwork,IsoughttofamiliarizemyselfwithNode.js.Naturally,Istarted
searchingthepoolofapplicationsinKeyholesGitHubrepository.Thiswasthefirst
timeIwasusingNode.jsandtheinstructionsintheapplicationreadmefiletorunthe
applicationlocallywasthoroughlydetailed.
However,Iranintosomeverybasicquestionstryingtoruntheapplicationlocally.
Basedonmyexperience,Idraftedthesefundamentalinstructionspresentedinthis
post.IhopetheseinstructionsassisttogetyoustartedwithNode.js.

WhatisNode.js?
Node.jsisanopensource,crossplatformJavaScriptruntimebuiltonGoogleChromes
V8JavaScriptengine.
Basically,itprovidesanotherwaytorunJavaScriptonyourcomputer.Node.jsislightweightandusesaneventdriven,nonblockingI/Omodel.
Node.jsisusedbythousandsofdeveloperstodevelopI/Ointensivewebapplications,singlepageapplications,andotherwebapplications.

InstallingNode.jsonWindows10
Node.jsisveryeasytoinstallintwosteps:
1.DownloadtheWindowsexecutablefilefromhttps://nodejs.org/en/download/.
2.Runtheinstallerandfollowtheinstructionsonthescreen.
Onceinstalled,youwillbeabletolaunchNode.jscommandpromptfromWindowsMenu>Allapps>Node.js>Node.jscommand
prompt.Alternatively,youcanopenacommandprompt,typenode,andpressentertogetaninteractiveshellthatwillenableyoutoexecute
JavaScriptcode.

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Ifyougetanerror,Irecommendthefollowingtroubleshootingsteps:
1.OpentheSettingfromtheWindowsMenu.Searchforeditsystemenvironmentvariablesandopen.SelectEnvironmentVariables.Under
SystemvariablecheckthevalueforthePathvariable.MakesureitcontainsapathtotheNodeApplication.(C:\ProgramFiles\nodejs\).
2.Ifyouarestillgettingerror,makesureyourestartthecommandwindowafterNode.jsisinstalled.
3.IfthePathvariablewascreatedduringtheinstallationofNode.js,youwillneedtorestartthecomputer.

NowWhat?
Youcanexecutecommandsonthenodecommandprompt.Seebelowforanexample.

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Iusedtheconsole.log(HelloWorld)command.Youcanseethemessagedisplayedonconsole.Node.jsprintsareturnvalueofeach
command.Sinceconsole.logdoesnotreturnanything,undefinedisprintedatthebottom.Toexittheinteractiveshell,presskeyctrl+c.
YoucanalsoruncommandsfromaJavaScriptfile.CreateafilehelloWorld.jswithconsole.log(HelloWorld)asthecontentusingNotepad.
TosaveaNotepadfileasaJavaScriptfile,selectFile>SaveAs>selectAllfiles(*.)forSaveastype.Enterthefilenamewith.jsextension.
InNode.jscommandprompt,navigatetothelocationofthefileandenterhelloWorld.js.Node,jswillruntheJavaScriptinthefile.Resultswill
bedisplayedonyourconsole.Pleasenote,thatyoucanomitthe.jsextensionasNode.jsautomaticallyassumesthefiletobein.jsformat.

Printingoutputontheconsoleisnotallthatfun.Letsseehowwecanrunaverybasicwebapplication.First,createafilehelloWorldHttp.js
usingthefollowingcontent:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

varhttp=require('http');

varserver=http.createServer(function(req,res){
res.writeHead(200);
res.end('HelloWorld');
});
server.listen(8080);

Torunthefile,typenodehelloWorldHttp.jsandpressenter.

Youwillnoticewhenyouruntheserver,theprogramdoesnotexit.Node.jswillonlyexitwhenitiscertaintherewillbenomorepossible
event(s).
Inthistutorial,aHTTPserverisopenthatwillbeservingtotherequestsfromtheclients,generatingevents.
Totesttheserver,openawebbrowserandtypehttp://localhost:8080/intheaddressbarandhitenter.ThewebbrowserwilldisplayHello
World.

Node.jsisverybasicanddoesnotperformvariousfunctionsoutoftheboxbuthasawidesetofbuiltinmodulesthatprovidesdifferent
functions.TheHTTPmodulemakesiteasytocreateabasicHTTPserver.

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LetslookattheJavaScriptsyntaxintheexamplefiletocreatetheserver.
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ThefirstlineisusingcoremoduleHTTPbyrequire(http)andassigningittothevariablehttptousethefunctionsinmodule.Thesecondline
isusingmodulesfunctioncreateServertocreatetheserver.Thesyntaxispassingafunction,hereananonymousfunction,asaparameterin
thecreateServerfunction.Theanonymousfunctionsimplytakestwoparameters,req(request)andres(response).Onanyrequest,the
functionisservingbacktheresponsewithheader200(ok)andthetextHelloWorldinthebody.Thethirdlinedictatestheporttheserver
listensto,theexampleusedport8080.Thusnomatterwhatyouenterontheaddressbarafterlocalhost:8080/xyz,itwillalwaysdisplaythe
helloworldtext.

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Conclusion
AgentleintroductiontoNode.jsprovidesastartingpointtoNode.js.Hopefullyfromthispoint,youwillbeabletobuildontheseinstructions
andreviewtutorialsavailableoutontheweb.
Reference:

AGentleIntroductiontoNode.jsfromourWCGpartnerKeyholeSoftwareattheKeyholeSoftwareblog.

DoyouwanttoknowhowtodevelopyourskillsettobecomeaWeb

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