THERMAL PERFORMANCE CALCULATION

Analysis undertaken and report prepared on

behalf of XXXXXXX for.

XXXXXXX
DOCUMENT REF :- XXX/TP/XXXX Rev 01
Document title :- 3D U value and interstitial condensation risk
analysis typical rainscreen backing wall.
Date of original issue :- XXXXX

Revised issue date :-

Document prepared by

Calvin Norton
calvin@feaservices.co.uk

Faade Engineering and Analysis Services Limited.

Suite 3, Tradmark House, Hyssop Close, Cannock, Staffordshire, WS11 7FA.
Tel. 01543 898150 : email. enquiries@feaservices.co.uk : web. www.feaservices.co.uk

Revisions
Rev 00

Original document issue

XX XXX XXXX

Contents
Summary
U value analysis
o Steel top hat
o Aluminium top hat
o Stainless steel top hat
Interstitial condensation risk analysis.
o 150 mm cavity insulation
o 170 mm cavity insulation (note 175 analysed as standard
products)
o 190 mm cavity insulation

Summary
This calculation document has been complied to demonstrate the thermal performance
of the rainscreen backing wall for XXXXX.
The calculation has been undertaken on behalf of XXXXX.
This document contains 3 dimensional analysis of the rainscreen backing with a view to
achieve a target U value of 0.17 W/mK.
The wall construction is an aluminum rainscreen supported on helping brackets and
horizontal rails fixed back to a SFS wall construction.
By convention, from BR443, the external rainscreen element is ignored in U value
calculations but an amendment to the external surface resistance of the insulating
material is made to allow for the sheltering effect of the rainscreen cladding and
penetrating brackets through the insulation must be allowed for. See analysis notes for
further details.
The examined construction consists of mineral wool insulation in the cavity behind the
rainscreen mounted onto a 12 mm thick calcium silicate sheathing board supported by
150 mm SFS construction assumed at 600 mm centres. The SFS zone is fully insulated
by mineral wool and 2 layers of 12.5 mm plasterboard have been included as internal
finishes.
It is assumed a VCL will be fitted behind these finishes.
Helping hand brackets have been examined at 600 x 600 mm centres and taken to be
aluminium with thermal break elements.
The bracket is a typical aluminium faade bracket and assessed as 75 mm long.
A 5mm thick isolating pad has been included between the channel bracket and top hat.
The horizontal top hats have been examined as fabricated from 2 mm thick steel
(galvanised), aluminium or stainless steel options to assess the depth of cavity
insulation required to achieve the target U value.
The U value of the construction analysed is 0.17 W/mK with brackets at 600 x
600 mm centres when the following thickness of cavity insulation is utilised.

With steel top hats 170 mm of mineral is required in the rainscreen cavity
With aluminium top hats 190 mm of mineral is required in the rainscreen cavity
With stainless steel top hats 150 mm of mineral is required in the rainscreen
cavity

The overall wall U value achieved will need to be verified by a weighted area U value
calculation as variations in bracket centre may affect the results.

Intestinal condensation risk analysis shows no issue with this construction.

Condensation may occur within the ventilated cavity on the rear of the aluminium, this
is normal and will dissipate.

3D analysis method.
The following thermal analysis was undertaken using TRISCO ver 13.w 3 dimensional
finite elemental analysis software.
This software has been developed by Physibel for 3 dimensional steady state thermal
simulation and this produces constant and reliable analysis of constructions measuring
heat transfer in rectangular objects.
TRISCO is a thermal analysis program for steady state heat transfer in three-dimensional
rectangular objects consisting of different materials and submitted to different boundary
conditions. The geometry is described with a list of rectangular blocks, which vertices lie
on grid points of a rectangular grid. Materials and surface boundary conditions with
different thermal properties are identified using separate colours. Each geometry block is
part of either a material or a surface boundary condition region, and has a reference to
one of these colours. Node boundary conditions with fixed temperature or power are
possible, and can be placed in grid point locations. Also border face boundary conditions in
the interface between two colour regions with fixed temperature or heat flux, or (material
boundary conditions with fixed temperature or heat power density are possible.
After input of geometry and thermal properties a system of linear equations is calculated
based on the energy balance technique, and solved using a fast iterative method. Possible
non-linear problems are solved using of different cycles of adjusted linear systems.
These simulations benefit from incorporation of Physibel's RADCON module for
additional accuracy in analysis by calculating infrared radiation and convection in a
more realistic manner than TRISCO alone.
RADCON is a program add-on module to calculate infrared radiation and convection in a
physically more realistic way. The radiation is based on view factors, surface emissivities
and surface temperatures. The convection is based on empirical laws.
Material properties such as thermal conductivity ( values) used in these calculations
have been taken from BS EN 12524:2000, BS EN ISO 10077-2:2003 or directly from the
Physibel material database.
In addition specific product thermal conductivity values may be taken from suppliers
own literature in the case of the material not being specifically included in the British
Standards.
Equivalent thermal conductivities of ventilated and unventilated air cavities are
calculated by the software.
The analyses assume steady state heat flow and therefore any thermal mass effect of
any adjacent construction or building component has not been considered.

Analysis output.
Information taken from the resulting software studies and included within the
individual analysis includes..
Diagrams indicating assigned thermal conductivity values according to
appropriate materials and software generated equivalent cavity values if
applicable.
Thermal gradient diagrams indicating temperature across the examined
construction.
Text files showing build-up of material blocks and coordinates used to construct
the analysis.
Text output showing resulting material temperature ranges, U value through the
inspected construction and temperature factor indicting internal RH level at
which surface condensation could occur.

From BR443
4.9.5 Rainscreen cladding
Make no allowance in U-value calculations for the effect of the rainscreen cladding itself,
because the space behind is fully ventilated. The effect of brackets or rails fixing the
cladding to the wall behind needs to be allowed for, if the brackets or rails penetrate an
insulation layer or part of an insulation layer.
As the effect of fixing brackets or rails on the U-value of the wall can be large, even when
a thermal break pad is included, their contribution to the overall U-value needs to be
assessed by a detailed calculation.
The calculation model should omit the cladding but include the fixing rails or brackets
to their full length. The external surface resistance should be taken as 0.13 mK/W
(rather than 0.04 mK/W) to allow for the sheltering effect of the cladding (see 4.8.6).
For further information see CAB/CWCT Guide

NOTE ONLY VERSION INCLUDED IN THIS EXAMPLE DOCUMENT

Detail
170mm mineral wool onto 150mm SFS wall with brackets at 600 mm
centres attached to steel top hat rails
U value analysis.

Material thermal conductivity diagram.

Temperature gradient diagrams.

FEA input data sheet.

FEA output data sheet.

Finite element analysis undertaken using TRISCO version 13.0w software.

Summary.
A sample area of 600 mm x 600 mm was examined and the effective U value of this area
was found to be 0.17 W/m2K.

Material Thermal Conductivity Diagram.

Wall section = 600mm x 600mm
U value = 0.171 W/mK

Figure 1 External material thermal conductivity diagram

Figure 2 Cut through material thermal conductivity diagram

Figure 3 Material thermal conductivity dia. insulation cut back to show brackets etc.

Temperature Gradient Diagrams

Figure 4 External temperature gradient diagram

Figure 5 Internal temperature gradient diagram

Figure 6 Cut through temperature gradient diagram

TRISCO - Input Data

TRISCO data file: typ nvelope bracket steel top hat.trc
GRID
No.
0-1
1-2
2-3
3-4
4-5
5-6
6-7
7-8
8-9
9-10
10-11
11-12
12-13
13-14
14-15
15-16
16-17
17-18
18-19
19-20
20-21
21-22
22-23
23-24
24-25
25-26
26-27
27-28
28-29
29-30
30-31
31-32
32-33
33-34
34-35
35-36
36-37
37-38
38-39
39-40
40-41
41-42
42-43
43-44
44-45
45-46
46-47
47-48
48-49
49-50
50-51
51-52
52-53
53-54
54-55
55-56
56-57
57-58
58-59
59-60
60-61

X
[mm]
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
2.000
3.000
5.000
10.000
10.000
5.000
5.000
10.000
5.000
3.000
2.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
3.000
2.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
3.750
2.500
1.000
1.000
1.500
1.500
1.000
1.000
2.500

Y
[mm]
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
3.000
2.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
4.000
1.000
2.500
2.500
2.000
3.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
2.000
3.000
5.000
3.000
5.000
5.000
2.000
3.000
5.000
5.000
3.000
2.000
5.000
3.000
2.000
5.000
5.000
3.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000

Z
[mm]
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
2.000
3.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
3.000
2.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
2.000
2.000
1.500
1.500
3.000

61-62
62-63
63-64
64-65
65-66
66-67
67-68
68-69
69-70
70-71
71-72
72-73
73-74
74-75
75-76
76-77
77-78
78-79
79-80
80-81
81-82
82-83
83-84
84-85
85-86
86-87
87-88
88-89
89-90
90-91
91-92
92-93
93-94
94-95
95-96
96-97
97-98
98-99
99-100
100-101
101-102
102-103
103-104
104-105
105-106
106-107
107-108
108-109
109-110
110-111
111-112
112-113
113-114
114-115
115-116
116-117
117-118
118-119
119-120
120-121
121-122
122-123
123-124
124-125
125-126
126-127
127-128
128-129

3.750
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
2.000
3.000
5.000
10.000
10.000
5.000
5.000
10.000
5.000
3.000
2.000

5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
3.000
2.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000

5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
2.500
2.500
2.500
2.500
5.000
5.000
6.000
2.000
2.000
2.500
2.500
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000

129-130
130-131
131-132
132-133
133-134
134-135
135-136
Sum

574.500

BLOCKS
No.
Col.
1
185
2
174
3
161
4
151
5
35
6
151
7
13
8
13
9
13
10
13
11
13
12
13
13
13
14
13
15
13
16
13
17
36
18
8
19
11
20
11
21
8
No.

Col.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

185
174
161
151
35
151
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
36
8
11
11
8

COLOURS
Col. Type
8
11
13
35
36
151
161
174

5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
631.000

MATERIAL
MATERIAL
MATERIAL
MATERIAL
MATERIAL
MATERIAL
MATERIAL
BC_SIMPL

Xmin
0
0
0
0
0
0
21
31
31
21
21
0
0
0
0
0
47
47
55
55
47

Xmax
91
91
91
91
91
91
22
32
32
32
32
91
91
91
91
91
66
66
59
59
48

5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000

Ymin
0
86
81
49
47
6
49
49
77
49
80
46
46
41
41
41
40
39
37
37
1

625.000

Xmin
[mm]
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
105.000
163.000
163.000
105.000
105.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
315.000
315.000
342.250
342.250
315.000

Xmax
[mm]
574.500
574.500
574.500
574.500
574.500
574.500
107.000
165.000
165.000
165.000
165.000
574.500
574.500
574.500
574.500
574.500
374.500
374.500
347.250
347.250
318.000

CEN-rule

Name

Ymax
25
136
86
81
49
47
81
53
81
50
81
47
47
42
47
47
41
40
44
44
39

Zmin
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
76
51
56
76
56
56
56
70
61
56

Ymin
[mm]
0.000
381.000
356.000
206.000
198.000
28.000
206.000
206.000
341.000
206.000
354.000
196.000
196.000
178.000
178.000
178.000
173.000
168.000
160.000
160.000
5.000

aluminium
stainless_steel
steel
sheathing_board
polyamid_nylon
insulation
gypsum_plasterb
HI_NORML

Zmax
134
134
134
134
134
134
134
134
134
134
134
83
56
77
77
57
77
77
72
62
77
Ymax
[mm]
120.000
631.000
381.000
356.000
206.000
198.000
356.000
221.000
356.000
208.000
356.000
198.000
198.000
180.000
198.000
198.000
178.000
173.000
188.000
188.000
168.000

lambda
[W/mK]
160.000
17.000
50.000
0.250
0.250
0.035
0.250

Zmin
[mm]
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
343.000
245.000
270.000
343.000
270.000
270.000
270.000
320.000
280.000
270.000

eps
[-]

Zmax
[mm]
625.000
625.000
625.000
625.000
625.000
625.000
625.000
625.000
625.000
625.000
625.000
370.000
270.000
345.000
345.000
272.000
345.000
345.000
325.000
285.000
345.000

t
h
[C] [W/mK]

20.0

7.70

q
[W/m]

185

BC_SIMPL

NIHIL

highly_ventilat

CALCULATION PARAMETERS
Maximum number of iterations =
Maximum temperature difference
Heat flow divergence for total
Heat flow divergence for worst

10000
= 0.0001C
object = 0.001 %
node = 1 %

0.0

7.70

TRISCO - Calculation Results

TRISCO data file: typ nvelope bracket steel top hat.trc
Number of nodes = 1006240
Heat flow divergence for total object = 0.000658509 %
Heat flow divergence for worst node = 0.780524 %
Col. Type

Name

8
11
13
35
36
151
161
174
185

aluminium
stainless_steel
steel
sheathing_board
polyamid_nylon
insulation
gypsum_plasterb

MATERIAL
MATERIAL
MATERIAL
MATERIAL
MATERIAL
MATERIAL
MATERIAL
BC_SIMPL
BC_SIMPL

highly_ventilat

Col. Type

Name

174
185

highly_ventilat

BC_SIMPL
BC_SIMPL

tmin
[C]
7.41
8.88
9.60
9.92
8.78
0.28
17.50
18.74
0.28
ta
[C]

47
55
59
68
47
91
21
25
91

1
39
41
47
40
6
81
86
6

56
71
71
57
73
28
66
66
28

Flow in
[W]
1.23
0.00

Flow out
[W]
0.00
1.23

Temperature factor (EN ISO 10211) = 0.937

hi = 7.70 W/(m.K)
Rsi = 0.13 m.K/W
Surface condensation if RH > 92 % (at 20.00C)
Equivalent thermal transmittance
Ueq = Q/((ti-te)*A1) = 0.171 W/(m.K)
Q = 1.227 W
ti = 20.00C
te = 0.00C
A1 = 0.359063 m
Xmin=0 Xmax=91 Ymin=28 Ymax=28 Zmin=0 Zmax=134
Uwall = (Q/(ti-te))/A1 = 0.171 W/(m.K)

Notes:
Text highlighted blue is U value of examined element.

tmax
[C]
8.93
9.72
17.94
16.38
10.34
19.57
19.76
19.76
7.49

66
55
32
21
47
46
48
48
48

40
42
81
49
41
81
86
86
6

Z
_
56
61
134
134
77
134
134
134
67

Intestinal condensation risk analysis

Documentation of the component

Calculation according BS EN ISO 13788
Source:
own catalogue
Component: Steel cold frame. Brick facing. 150 mm MW
OUTSIDE

22. October 2016

INSIDE

The list of material layers shown below may differ from those in the U-value
calculation printout. Only material layers which are used in the Condensation
Risk Analysis are listed.
This calculation of the Condensation risk analysis according to BS EN ISO
13788:2002 has been performed on a construction containing inhomogeneous
layers. This calculation is only valid through the selected section. It is
advisable that you should also select the alternative position and recalculate
the Condensation Risk Analysis for a more complete assessment of the
construction.

Assignment: External wall

Name
Aluminium alloys

Thickn.
[m]
0.0030

lambda
[W/(mK)]
160.000

Slightly vent. air layer: 50 mm, horiz. heat flow

Rainscreen Duo-Slab (100-150mm)
CP Board
Mineral wool batt - Variable thickness
Polyethylene 0.15 mm

0.0500
0.1500
0.0120
0.1500
0.0002

0.556
0.035
0.220
0.038
0.170

Gypsum plasterboard
Gypsum plasterboard

0.0125
0.0125

0.250
0.250

Q ..
..
..
..
..
..

[-]
999999.0
0
1.00
1.00
1778.00
1.00
300000.0
0
4.00
4.00

sd
[m]
3000.00

R
[mK/W]
0.0000

0.05
0.15
21.34
0.15
45.00

0.0899
4.2857
0.0545
3.9474
0.0009

0.05
0.05

0.0500
0.0500

The physical values of the building materials has been graded by their level of quality. These 5 levels are the following
A: Data is entered and validated by the manufacturer or supplier. Data is continuously tested by 3rd party.
B: Data is entered and validated by the manufacturer or supplier. Data is certified by 3rd party
C: Data is entered and validated by the manufacturer or supplier.
D: Information is entered by BuildDesk without special agreement with the manufacturer, supplier or others.
E: Information is entered by the user of the BuildDesk software without special agreement with the manufacturer, supplier or
others.

Calculated with BuildDesk 3.4.5

Documentation of the component

Calculation according BS EN ISO 13788
Source:
own catalogue
Component: Steel cold frame. Brick facing. 150 mm MW

22. October 2016

Condensation risk analysis - summary of main results

Calculation according BS EN ISO 13788
Surface temperature to avoid critical surface moisture:
No danger of mould growth is expected.

Interstitial condensation occurs, but all the condensate is predicted to

evaporate during the summer months.
The risk of degradation of building materials and deterioration of thermal
performance as a consequence of the calculated maximum amount of moisture
shall be considered according to regulatory requirements and other guidance in
product standards.

Interstitial condensation and

evaporation per month gc [g/m]

-2

Oct

Nov

Dec

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Component, condensation range

CRA calculations according to BS EN ISO 13788:2002 are used as a guide in predicting interstitial condensation.
This methodology uses some simplifications of the dynamic processes involved and subsequently does have some
limitations. Further information can be found in Information Paper IP 2/05 'Modelling and controlling interstitial
condensation in buildings'' Feb 2005.

Calculated with BuildDesk 3.4.5

Documentation of the component

Calculation according BS EN ISO 13788
Source:
own catalogue
Component: Steel cold frame. Brick facing. 150 mm MW

22. October 2016

Surface temperature to avoid critical surface humidity

Calculation according BS EN ISO 13788
Location: Northolt; Humidity class according BS EN ISO 13788 annex A: Offices, shops
Month

January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December

1
Te
[C]
5.0
4.7
7.0
8.9
12.4
15.6
17.8
17.5
14.6
11.1
7.5
5.9

2
phi_e
--0.830
0.800
0.750
0.700
0.690
0.690
0.690
0.700
0.750
0.810
0.840
0.850

3
Ti
[C]
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0

4
phi_i
--0.500
0.487
0.487
0.482
0.522
0.579
0.629
0.631
0.602
0.571
0.531
0.517

5
pe
[Pa]
724
683
751
798
993
1222
1406
1399
1246
1070
870
789

6
delta p
[Pa]
445
454
386
330
226
131
65
74
160
264
371
419

7
pi
[Pa]
1169
1137
1137
1127
1219
1353
1471
1473
1406
1334
1242
1208

8
ps(Tsi)
[Pa]
1461
1422
1421
1409
1523
1691
1839
1842
1758
1668
1552
1510

9
Tsi,min
[C]
12.6
12.2
12.2
12.1
13.3
14.9
16.2
16.2
15.5
14.7
13.6
13.1

10
fRsi
--0.509
0.491
0.401
0.287
0.114
-0.164
-0.735
-0.516
0.163
0.400
0.484
0.513

The critical month is December with fRsi,max = 0.513

fRsi = 0.971

fRsi > fRsi,max, the component complies.

Nr
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

Explanation
External temperature
External rel. humidity
Internal temperature
Internal relative humidity
External partial pressure p e = e * psat(Te); psat(Te) according formula E.7 and E.8 of BS EN ISO 13788
Partial pressure difference. The security factor of 1.10 according to BS EN ISO 13788, ch.4.2.4 is already included.
Internal partial pressure p i = i * psat(Ti); psat(Ti) according formula E.7 and E.8 of BS EN ISO 13788
Minimum saturation pressure on the surface obtained by psat(Tsi) = p i / si,
where si = 0.8 (critical surface humidity)
9 Minimum surface temperature as function of psat(Tsi), formula E.9 and E.10 of BS EN ISO 13788
10 Design temperature factor according 3.1.2 of BS EN ISO 13788
11 Internal surface temperature, obtained from Tsi = Ti - Rsi * U * (Ti - Te )
12 External surface temperature, obtained from Tse = Te + Rse * U * (Ti - Te )

Calculated with BuildDesk 3.4.5

11
Tsi
[C]
19.6
19.6
19.6
19.7
19.8
19.9
19.9
19.9
19.8
19.7
19.6
19.6

12
Tse
[C]
5.1
4.8
7.1
9.0
12.4
15.6
17.8
17.5
14.6
11.1
7.6
6.0

Documentation of the component

Calculation according BS EN ISO 13788
Source:
own catalogue
Component: Steel cold frame. Brick facing. 150 mm MW

22. October 2016

Interstitial condensation - main results

Calculation according BS EN ISO 13788

Interstitial condensation occurs but all the condensate is predicted to evaporate during
the summer months.
The risk of degradation of building materials and deterioration of thermal performance as a consequence of the calculated maximum
amount of moisture shall be considered according requirements and other guidance in product standards.

Climcatic conditions
Location: Northolt; Humidity class according BS EN ISO 13788 annex A: Offices, shops

Internal temperature [C]

Internal rel. humidity [%]
External temperature [C]
External rel. humidity [%]

Ti
phi_i
Te
phi_e

Jan
20.0
50.0
5.0
83.0

Feb
20.0
48.7
4.7
80.0

Mar
20.0
48.7
7.0
75.0

Apr
20.0
48.2
8.9
70.0

May
20.0
52.2
12.4
69.0

Jun
20.0
57.9
15.6
69.0

Jul
20.0
62.9
17.8
69.0

Aug
20.0
63.1
17.5
70.0

Sep
20.0
60.2
14.6
75.0

Oct
20.0
57.1
11.1
81.0

Nov
20.0
53.1
7.5
84.0

Dec
20.0
51.7
5.9
85.0

Nov
2
2

Dec
2
4

Jan
2
6

Feb
2
8

Mar
1
9

Apr
0
9

May
-2
7

Jun
-3
4

Jul
-4
---

Aug
-----

Sep
-----

Monthly moisture content per area gc [g/m]

Accumulated moisture content per area Ma [g/m]

Aluminium alloys / Slightly vent. gc

air layer: 50 mm, horiz. heat flow Ma

Oct
0
0

Calculated with BuildDesk 3.4.5