[B3.1.1 DISSOLVED SUBSTANCES, B3.1.

2
GASEOUS EXCHANGE, B3.1.3 EXCHANGE
SYSTEMS IN PLANTS]

Unit 3: Biology 3
B3.1.1 Dissolved Substances

1: Define the following term: Diffusion

2: Define the following term: Active Transport

3: Define the following term: Osmosis

4: Define the following term: Partially permeable membrane

5: Explain the importance of Active Transport in Plants

6: State the relationship between the rate of respiration and the rate of
active transport

7: State where the energy used in active transport comes from.

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GASEOUS EXCHANGE, B3.1.3 EXCHANGE
SYSTEMS IN PLANTS]
8: In Active Transport, what does the substrate bind to, in order to get
across the membrane?

9: Osmosis in Animal Cells: Complete the following flow diagrams using

the words: Shrink, Burst and Shrivel.

If a cell has a more

dilute solution inside
it than outside it,
then the overall
movement of water
is out of the cell.

cell has a more

concentrated solution
inside it than outside
it, then the overall
movement of water is
into the cell

10: Osmosis in Plant Cells: Complete the following flow diagrams using
the words: cytoplasm and membrane push against the cell wall,
membrane and cytoplasm to shrink away from the cell wall, cell beings
to swell, flaccid (limp), Turgid.

[B3.1.1 DISSOLVED SUBSTANCES, B3.1.2

GASEOUS EXCHANGE, B3.1.3 EXCHANGE
SYSTEMS IN PLANTS]

If a cell has a more

dilute solution inside
it than outside it,
then the overall
movement of water
is out of the cell.

cell has a more

concentrated solution
inside it than outside
it, then the overall
movement of water is
into the cell

11: Draw a diagram in each box to illustrate what a cell would look like
under each condition:

[B3.1.1 DISSOLVED SUBSTANCES, B3.1.2

GASEOUS EXCHANGE, B3.1.3 EXCHANGE
SYSTEMS IN PLANTS]

12: State how Villi are adapted for the maximum absorption of digested
food molecules

13: State the importance of the villi having villi has a rich blood supply

14: Complete the sentence:

[B3.1.1 DISSOLVED SUBSTANCES, B3.1.2

GASEOUS EXCHANGE, B3.1.3 EXCHANGE
SYSTEMS IN PLANTS]

Each villus is covered in many microscopic __________. This ___________ the

_____________ available for ____________ even more.

15: State 4 contents of a sports drink:

1:
2:
3:
4:

16: When you exercise what happens to the glucose, water and mineral
ions?

17: What happens to your body if glucose, water and mineral ions are
not replaced following exercise?

[B3.1.1 DISSOLVED SUBSTANCES, B3.1.2

GASEOUS EXCHANGE, B3.1.3 EXCHANGE
SYSTEMS IN PLANTS]

Unit 3: Biology 3
B3.1.2 Gaseous Exchange
18: State 4 ways in which the effectiveness of an exchange surface can
be increased

19: Complete the table below: use the words in the box below; they will
need to be used more than once.

Contracts, increase, relaxes,

decreases

Intercos
tal
Muscle
Inhale
Exhale

diaphra
gm

Volume
of Chest

Pressure

[B3.1.1 DISSOLVED SUBSTANCES, B3.1.2

GASEOUS EXCHANGE, B3.1.3 EXCHANGE
SYSTEMS IN PLANTS]

20: Complete the following sentences:

Lungs are located in the ___________ and protected by the ___________.

The abdomen is separated by the ______________.
The digestive organs are located beneath your ____________ in the
abdomen.

21: Explain how the lungs are adapted to make gas exchange more
efficient.

21: Label the diagram below:

h
g

k
f
a

e
d

c
b

22: State 3 ways when a person might struggle to breath

1:
2:

[B3.1.1 DISSOLVED SUBSTANCES, B3.1.2

GASEOUS EXCHANGE, B3.1.3 EXCHANGE
SYSTEMS IN PLANTS]
3:

23: Explain how Negative Pressure is used for supporting or taking over
breathing, to save lives.

24: Explain how Positive Pressure is used for supporting or taking over
breathing, to save lives.

25: Complete the table below:

Advantages
Negative Pressure
(Developed and
used from the
1920s to treat
polio sufferers)
Positive Pressure
(Used extensively
since the 1950s)

Disadvantage

[B3.1.1 DISSOLVED SUBSTANCES, B3.1.2

GASEOUS EXCHANGE, B3.1.3 EXCHANGE
SYSTEMS IN PLANTS]

Unit 3: Biology 3
B3.1.3 Exchange Systems in Plants

26: Define the following term: Transpiration

27: Define the following term: Transpiration Stream

28: Explain how transpiration occurs within a plant

29: Do the stomata need to be open or closed to increase the rate of

transpiration?

30: State 5 factors which affect the rate of transpiration.

1:
2:

[B3.1.1 DISSOLVED SUBSTANCES, B3.1.2

GASEOUS EXCHANGE, B3.1.3 EXCHANGE
SYSTEMS IN PLANTS]
3:
4:
5:

31: State 3 adaptations plants have to prevent water loss.

1:
2:
3:

32: Explain how root hair cells maximise adsorption of water and
mineral ions from the soil.

33: State 3 root hair cells several adaptations

1:
2:
3:

34: Complete the sentence:

Roots absorb water from the soil by __________ and dissolve mineral ions
from the soil by _________________

35: Complete the following sentences:

1. Carbon dioxide enters the leaf cells by _____________ through
_____________.
2. Water and mineral ions are absorbed by ______________ cells
3. Carbon dioxide and ___________ is used during _____________

[B3.1.1 DISSOLVED SUBSTANCES, B3.1.2

GASEOUS EXCHANGE, B3.1.3 EXCHANGE
SYSTEMS IN PLANTS]
4. Root hair cells ________________ the surface area of the roots and the
____________ shape and _______________ air spaces _____________ the
surface of the leaves.
5. The flattened shape of the leaves increase the surface area for
____________ as the _____________________ is kept short. The internal
air spaces allow _____________________ to come into contact with lots
of cells giving it a large surface area.
6. Osmosis is used to take _______________ from the soil
7. Active transport is used to obtain ____________ from the soil.
8. Leaves are adapted to allow __________________ in only when it is
needed. They are covered with a waxy ______________. Which is a
_________________ and gas proof layer.
9. Plants have _________________ to obtain carbon dioxide from the
atmosphere and to remove oxygen produced in
_________________________.
10.
Plants mainly lose ___________________ from their leaves. Most
of the loss of water vapour takes place through the stomata.
11.
The size of stomata is controlled by ______________________,
which surround them.
12.
Water is lost from the leaves by __________________ when the
stomas are ________________.

36: Explain how the sizes of stomata are controlled.

37: Label the diagram below:

[B3.1.1 DISSOLVED SUBSTANCES, B3.1.2

GASEOUS EXCHANGE, B3.1.3 EXCHANGE
SYSTEMS IN PLANTS]
i

b
g
d
c

f
e