Mechatronics Interview Questions

1. What is Mechatronics?
Explanation:
Mechatronics is a blend of mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, computer
control and information technology. Mechatronics is a design process to create more
functional and adaptable products.
Or
Integration of electronics, control engineering and Mechanical engineering
Or
concept of working smarter not harder and to inexpensively get the most work
done
2. Why study mechatronics engineering?
Explanation:
- Mechatronics engineers design or select sensors and actuators, develop control
algorithms and use or develop advanced functional materials for the design of
mechanical systems such as chassis stabilising systems, anti-lock brakes, engine
control units, disk drives, cameras, service and surgical robots and artificial
hearts.
- Very often mechatronics engineers are generalists rather than specialists.
- Mechatronics systems are used nearly everywhere in society. They range from
CD and DVD players to computer hard disks, anti-lock braking systems, and "flyby-wire" control systems for commercial jets. Each of these products is
essentially mechanical in nature, but could not function without electrical and
computer
control
systems.

3. What is a closed loop control system?

Explanation:
-Closed loop control systems is a control system which has feed back to correct the
input to get the preferred output.
4. What is used to make considerable simplification in the devices such as watches
and cameras etc. as compared to pure mechanical designs?
Explanation:
-Actuators & Amplifiers with electrical auxiliary energy.
-As the systems in the devices such as watches and cameras are very small and
complicated, there is a need of an amplification.
- It cannot be done by pure mechanical designs.
- Therefore, both the amplifiers and actuators with electrical auxiliary energy are
used for considerable amplification in the devices like watches, cameras, electrical
typewriters, etc.
- The microcomputers which are in connection with decentralized electrical drives
are introduced for the result of a considerable amplification in the mechanics such as
watches, automatic gears, etc.

5. In which system does the output not affect the process in any way?
ANSWER: Open loop system
Explanation:
-In open loop system, the output does not affect the process in any way, as it works
on open loop.
- The open loop control system always proceeds in the same predefined manner
until it is switched off.
- This can be represented by block diagram as shown below;
6. Where the PLCs are used?
Explanation:
a. machine tools
b. automated assembly equipment
c. moulding and extrusion machines
etc.
7. What is the formula for thermal capacitance?
ANSWER: (Change in heat stored) / (Change in temperature)
8. What is the characteristic that provides an output with respect to the relation with
the input?
ANSWER: response of a system
Explanation:
-The characteristic that provides an output with respect to the relation with the
input is called as response of a system.
- When an input is given to a particular system or instrument, it results an output in
some form.
- The output of a system or an instrument changes with the change in its input.
- This concludes that the output and the input of the system or instrument have
some definite relationship.
- This relationship is studied under some characteristics of the system or instrument.
- When it is related to the system, then it is called as response of the system.
9. What is static characteristics of instruments?
Ans: the relationship between the input and output, when the input is invariant with
respect to time.
Explanation:
The relationship between input and output of a system or an instrument is studied
under some characteristics.
- When this characteristic is related to the system, then it is called as response of a
system.

- And when this characteristic is related to the instrument, then it is called

as characteristic of an instrument.
- The characteristic of an instrument is referred as the relationship between input
and output of an instrument.
- When the input signal is static or does not vary with respect to time, then the
relationship between input and output of that instrument is called as static
characteristic of instrument.
- Even if the variation of input with respect to time is slow, it is considered as static.
10. Which one is less complex? Digital to Analog conversion or Analog to Digital
Conversion?
Answer: Digital to analog conversion is less complex than Analog to digital
conversion.
Explanation: Since the DAC conversion is easier and required lesser circuit
components.
11. Which is portable and cheaper Micro controller or PLC?
Answer: Micro controllers
Explanation: Since the setup is so smaller and can be reprogrammed for the
requirement and is easily portable and cheaper than PLC circuit having many
components.
12. Which type of memory which is fast and temporarily stores the data which are
immediately required for use?
Answer: Random Access Memory (RAM).
Explanation: Because RAM only performs this operation as it is a temporary storage.
13. What is the work of accumulator in 8085?
Explanation and answer:
It is used to store data and perform arithmetic and logical operations.
Result of an operation is stored in accumulator.
It is a register and a part of ALU.

14. If you are a mechatronic supervisor or engineer in field,& as a graduate student of

mechatronic, what you have to know? Mean topics, matters & other things?
Explanation:
Mechatronics engineer is like a joker, he can play many roles according to his wide
knowledge of fields he knows.
I should have basics of
1. Back ground of how some systems work
2. system components (Sensors, Actuators, Controllers)
3. Electronics
4. CNC Machines
5. Micro controllers and PLC. Etc...

15. Explain encoder definition?

Explanation:
An encoder is a device, circuit, transducer, software program, algorithm or person
that converts information from one format or code to another, for the purposes of
standardization, speed, secrecy, security, or saving space by shrinking size.
16. Would you say me, selecting Mechatronics Engineering will be useful to my career
in this present society?
Explanation:
Mechatronics engg will be usefull to company because you may select mechanical
engg for mechanical maintenance and u may select electronics engg for electronics
maintenance .but mechatronics engg can handle both. so you may help your
company in this cost cutting timing.
17. Why resistance has colour code?
Explanation:
It has colour code because there r so many resistance in circuit and if any one will be
burn then after dis-soldering we can see the resistance value easily by color code.
now a day in resistance it has writen its own value on it.....
18. What are the design stages in Mechatronics?
Explanation:
1. The need
2. Analysis of the problem
3. Preparation of a specification
4. Generation of possible solutions
5. Selections of a suitable solution
6. Production of a detailed design
7. Production of working drawings
19. why stepper motor is required
Explanation: Stepper motors are used where precise angular movements are
required in a system. Also it has the following.
1. It can rotate in both directions.
2. It can move in precise angular increments.
3. It can sustain a holding torque at zero speed.
4. It can be controlled with digital circuits.
20. Tell some advantages and limitations of Mechatronics.
Explanation:
Advantages
1. Products produced are cost effective and of very good quality.
2. The performance characteristics of mechatronics products are such which are
otherwise very difficult to achieve without the synergistic combination.
3. High degree of flexibility.
4. A mechatronics product can be better than just sum of its parts.
5. Greater extent of machine utilisation.
6. Due to the integration of sensors and control systems in a complex system, capital
expenses are reduced

Owing to the incorporation of intelligent, self correcting sensory and feedback

systems, the mechatronic approach results in - greater productivity - higher quantity
and producing reliability.
Disadvantages :
1. High initial cost of the system.
2. Imperative to have knowledge of different engineering fields for design and
implementation.
3. Specific problems for various systems will have to be addressed separately and
properly.
4. It is expensive to incorporate mechatronics approach to an existing/old system.
7.