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DutchDefenceWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

DutchDefence
FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

TheDutchDefenceisachessopeningcharacterisedby
themoves:

DutchDefence

1.d4f5

Contents
1 History
2 Theory
3 Whitecontinuations
3.1 Othersecondmoves
4 ECO
5 Seealso
6 References
7 Furtherreading
8 Externallinks

1
a

Moves 1.d4f5
ECO

History
EliasStein(17481812),anAlsatianwhosettledinThe
Hague,recommendedthedefenceasthebestreplyto
1.d4inhis1789bookNouvelessaisurlejeudeschecs,
avecdesrflexionsmilitairesrelativescejeu.

A80A99

Named EliasStein,Nouvelessaisurlejeudes
after checs,avecdesrflexionsmilitaires
relativescejeu,1789
Parent Queen'sPawnGame

SiegbertTarraschrejectedtheopeningasunsoundinhis1931workTheGameofChess,arguingthatWhite
shouldreplywiththeStauntonGambit,withWhitebeingbetterafter2.e4fxe43.Nc3Nf64.Bg5c65.f3!
exf3.[1]

Theory
Black's1...f5stakesaseriousclaimtothee4squareandlookstowardsanattackonWhite'skingsideinthe
middlegame.However,itweakensBlack'sownkingsidesomewhat,anddoesnothingtocontributeto
Black'sdevelopment.TheDutchisrareintoplevelplay.Ithasneverbeenoneofthemainlinesagainst
1.d4,thoughinthepastanumberoftopplayers,includingAlexanderAlekhine,BentLarsen,PaulMorphy
andMiguelNajdorf,haveuseditwithsuccess.Perhapsitshighwatermarkoccurredin1951,whenboth
worldchampionMikhailBotvinnikandhischallenger,DavidBronstein,playeditintheirWorld
Championshipmatchin1951.Amongtheworld'scurrenttop10players,itsonlyconsistentpractitioneris
HikaruNakamura.
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Whitemostoftenfianchettoeshisking'sbishopwithg3andBg2.Blackalsosometimesfianchettoeshis
king'sbishopwith...g6and...Bg7(theLeningradDutch),butmayinsteaddevelophisbishoptoBe7,d6
(after...d5),orb4(thelatterismostoftenseenifWhiteplaysc4beforecastling).Playoftenruns2.g3Nf6
3.Bg2e64.Nf3(4.Nh3!?isalsopossible,intendingNf4d3tocontrolthee5squareifBlackplaysthe
StonewallVariation)Be75.00006.c4andnowBlackchoosesbetween6...d5(thecharacteristicmoveof
theStonewall),6...d6,theIlyinZhenevskySystem(lesspopulartoday),orAlekhine'smove6...Ne4!?
retainingtheoptionofmovingthedpawneitheroneortwosquares.
TheStonewallDutchenjoyedaresurgenceofinterestinthe1980sand1990s,whenleadinggrandmasters
ArturYusupov,SergeyDolmatov,NigelShortandSimenAgdesteinhelpeddevelopthesystemwhere
Blackplaysanearlier...d5andplaceshisdarksquaredbishopond6.[2]TermedtheModernStonewall,
thissetuphasremainedmorepopularthanthetraditionalearly...Be7.
Theopening'sattackingpotentialisshowninthePolishImmortal,inwhichMiguelNajdorf,usingthe
StonewallVariation,sacrificedallofhisminorpiecestowinbycheckmate.

Whitecontinuations
ThetraditionalmoveorderinvolvesWhiteplaying2.c4.More
commonly,Whitewillstartwith2.g3.Somecommon
continuationsare:c4isplayedafterg3andBg2c4isplayed
afterNf3andc4isplayedafter00.

Examples:

traditional:2.c4Nf63.g3g64.Bg2Bg75.Nf3006.00
d6
common:2.g3Nf63.Bg2g64.Nf3Bg75.00006.c4d6
(diagram)

Othersecondmoves
Whitehasvariousmoreaggressivealternativestothestandard
moves,including

2.g3Nf63.Bg2g64.Nf3Bg75.0000
6.c4d6

2.Nc3Nf6(ord5)3.Bg5
2.Bg5(hopingforthenaive2...h63.Bh4g54.Bg3(4.e4!?isalsoplayable)f4?5.e3fxg3??6.Qh5#)
2.e4!?,theStauntonGambit,namedafterHowardStaunton,whointroduceditinhismatchagainst
BernhardHorwitz.[3][4]TheStauntonGambitwasonceafearedattackingline,[5]butithasbeenout
offavorforover80years.[6]GrandmasterLarryChristiansenandInternationalMasterJeremySilman
haveopinedthatit"offersWhiteequalityatbest."[7]
CarlMayetintroducedacompletelydifferentgambitapproachtotheDutchin1839againstvonder
Lasa,playing2.h3followedby3.g4.[8]VonderLasalaterpublishedanalysisofthislineinthefirst
editionoftheHandbuchdesSchachspiels.[9][10]ViktorKorchnoi,oneoftheworld'sleadingplayers,
reintroducedthelineintotournamentpracticeinKorchnoiKnel,Biel1979.[11]GMChristiansen
laterconcluded,asvonderLasaandStauntonhaddoneover140yearsearlier,thatBlackcouldgeta
goodgamebydecliningthegambitwith2...Nf63.g4d5![12]
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Blacksometimesstartswiththemoveorder1...e6toavoidtheselinesalthoughthenBlackmustbereadyto
playtheFrenchDefenseifWhiteplays2.e4andBlackcannolongerplaytheLeningradDutch.

ECO
TheEncyclopaediaofChessOpenings(ECO)hastwentycodesfortheDutchDefence,A80throughA99.
A80:1.d4f5
A81:1.d4f52.g3
A82:1.d4f52.e4(StauntonGambit)
A83:1.d4f52.e4fxe43.Nc3Nf64.Bg5(StauntonGambit)
A84:1.d4f52.c4
A85:1.d4f52.c4Nf63.Nc3(RubinsteinVariation)
A86:1.d4f52.c4Nf63.g3
A87:1.d4f52.c4Nf63.g3g64.Bg2Bg75.Nf3(LeningradDutch)
A88:1.d4f52.c4Nf63.g3g64.Bg2Bg75.Nf3006.00d67.Nc3c6(LeningradDutch)
A89:1.d4f52.c4Nf63.g3g64.Bg2Bg75.Nf3006.00d67.Nc3Nc6(LeningradDutch)
A90:1.d4f52.c4Nf63.g3e64.Bg2
A91:1.d4f52.c4Nf63.g3e64.Bg2Be7
A92:1.d4f52.c4Nf63.g3e64.Bg2Be75.Nf300
A93:1.d4f52.c4Nf63.g3e64.Bg2Be75.Nf3006.00d57.b3(BotvinnikVariation)
A94:1.d4f52.c4Nf63.g3e64.Bg2Be75.Nf3006.00d57.b3c68.Ba3(Stonewall)
A95:1.d4f52.c4Nf63.g3e64.Bg2Be75.Nf3006.00d57.Nc3c6(Stonewall)
A96:1.d4f52.c4Nf63.g3e64.Bg2Be75.Nf3006.00d6
A97:1.d4f52.c4Nf63.g3e64.Bg2Be75.Nf3006.00d67.Nc3Qe8(IlyinGenevskyVariation)
A98:1.d4f52.c4Nf63.g3e64.Bg2Be75.Nf3006.00d67.Nc3Qe88.Qc2(IlyinGenevsky
Variation)
A99:1.d4f52.c4Nf63.g3e64.Bg2Be75.Nf3006.00d67.Nc3Qe88.b3(IlyinGenevsky
Variation)

Seealso
Listofchessopenings
Listofchessopeningsnamedafterplaces
StonewallAttack

References
1.Tarrasch,Siegbert(1987)[1934].TheGameofChess.CourierDoverPublications.p.348.ISBN9780486
254470.
2.Johnsen,SverreandBern,Ivar(2010).WinwiththeStonewallDutch.Gambit.p.6.ISBN1906454078.
3."HowardStauntonvsBernardHorwitz,3rdmatchgame,London1846".Retrieved20080701.
4.Hooper,D.Whyld,K.(1992).TheOxfordCompaniontoChess,2ndedition.OxfordUniversityPress.p.393.
ISBN0198661649.

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5.In1939,Finewrotethat,"TheStauntonGambit...offersWhiteconsiderableattackingchances."Fine,R.
Griffith,R.C.White,J.H.(1939).ModernChessOpenings,6thedition.DavidMcKay.p.176.In1964,
HorowitzwrotethattheStauntonGambitgivesWhite"sharpattackingchancesforhisPawn"andplacesthe
opponentatapsychologicaldisadvantagebyrequiringBlacktorenouncehisaggressiveintentionsand"resign
himselftoanaccurateandstubborndefense".Horowitz,I.A.(1964).ChessOpenings:TheoryandPractice.
SimonandSchuster.p.611.MorerecentwritershaveobservedthatfearoftheStauntonGambithasdiscouraged
manyplayersfromusingtheDutch.YetmanyhaveuseditanywayChristiansen,L.Silman,J.(1989).The
DutchDefense.ChessDigest.p.192.ISBN0875681786.Schiller,E.BillColias(1993).HowtoPlayBlack
AgainsttheStauntonGambit.ChessDigest.p.4.ISBN0875682367.
6.In1925,theeditorsoftheFourthEditionofModernChessOpenings(MCO4)wrotethattheStauntonGambit
"hasfallenoutoffavourfornoclearreason".Griffith,R.C.White,J.H.andM.E.Goldstein(1925).Modern
ChessOpenings,4thedition.Whitehead&Miller.p.120.In1939,FinewroteinMCO6,"TheStauntonGambit
felloutoffavoursometimeagoandstillremainsso...."Fine,R.Griffith,R.C.White,J.H.(1939).Modern
ChessOpenings,6thedition.DavidMcKay.p.176.GrandmasterNickdeFirmianwritesinMCO15(2008)that
theStauntonGambit"isnotinmuchfavortoday".deFirmian,N.(2008).ModernChessOpenings,15thedition.
RandomHouse.p.494.ISBN9780812936827.
7.Christiansen,L.Silman,J.(1989).TheDutchDefense.ChessDigest.p.192.ISBN0875681786.
8.vonderLasa,T.(1859).BerlinerSchachErinnerungen.VerlagvonVeit&Co,Leipzig.pp.7980.
9.Bilguer,P.(1843).HandbuchdesSchachspiels.VerlagvonVeit&Co,Berlin.pp.234235,section3,rows46.
10.AlanL.Watson(1995).TheAntiDutchSpike:g4!intheKrejcik,Korchnoi,andAlapinVariations.Blackmar
Press.p.36.ISBN0961960620.
11.KorchnoiKnel,Biel1979(http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1082507)
12.Christiansen,L.Silman,J.(1989).TheDutchDefense.ChessDigest.p.144.ISBN0875681786.

Furtherreading
Hooper,DavidandKennethWhyld(1996).TheOxfordCompanionToChess.OxfordUniversity.
ISBN0192800493.
Aagaard,Jacob(2001).DutchStonewall.EverymanChess.ISBN9781857442526.
Pinski,Jan(2002).ClassicalDutch.EverymanChess.ISBN1857443071.
Williams,Simon(2003).PlayTheClassicalDutch.GambitPublications.ISBN9781901983883.
McDonald,Neil(2004).Startingout:TheDutchDefence.EverymanChess.ISBN1857443772.
Johnsen,SverreBern,IvarAgdestein,Simen(2009).WinWiththeStonewallDutch.Gambit.
ISBN1906454078.
Williams,SimonPalliser,RichardVigus,James(2010).DangerousWeapons:TheDutch.Everyman
Chess.ISBN9781857446241.

Externallinks
LearningtheDutchDefense
(http://www.fpawn.com/chess/IntroDutch.htm)
Nouvelessaisurlejeudeschecs1789(GoogleBooks)
(http://books.google.nl/books?id=S8QCAAAAYAAJ)

TheWikibookChess
OpeningTheoryhasapage
onthetopicof:Dutch
Defence

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