Diseño Alcant. Marco

5.
- DISEO DE LOS ALEROS Y LOSA DE FONDO DE LOS CABEZALES

OBRA
SECTOR
TRAMO
FECHA
:
:
:
:
"CONSTRUCCIN CARRETERA NUEVO SAN JUAN - CHAMBIRA"

NUEVO SAN JUAN - CHAMBIRA
KM. 06+500 AL KM. 15+000
DICIEMBRE DEL 2006
1.- GENERALIDADES:
Se proyectar una alcantarilla marco de concreto armado, en el sentido transversal del eje del canal
principal obtenida segn las condiciones topogrficas del terreno.
Se disear con cargas muerta, viva y esfuerzos del terreno. El diseo se har a la rotura y se
verificar por servicio, siguiendo las especificaciones ACI.
2.- CARACTERSTICAS TCNICAS DE LA ALCANTARILLA:
Habindose obtenido el perfil transversal del lecho de las quebradas y del terrapln de la seccin,
se determin la longitud de la alcantarilla.
Luego del anlisis hidrulico se determin las caractersticas geomtricas de la seccin con el Programa de clculo
H Canales del Ing Mximo Villn Bejar, como se detalla a continuacin:
2.1.- GEOMETRAS:
Ancho del cabezal
Altura del cabezal
Espesor de muros y losas
Luz del puente
Tirante de agua
:
:
:
:
:
2.40
1.15
0.15
1.10
0.50
B ? m.
H ? m.
e ? m.
? m.
? m.
SECCIN ASUMIDA
2.3.- MATERIALES:
Concreto armado:
Resistencia a la compresin (f'c)
Esfuerzo permisible en compresin (F'c)
F'c = 0.45*f'c
Mdulo de elasticidad del concreto
Ec = 15,000*(f'c)1/2
Acero con Esfuerzo:
Resistencia a la fluencia (fy)
Esfuerzo admisible en traccin
Fs = 0.40*f'y
:
:
:
:
175 ? Kg/cm2
78.75 Kg/cm2
198,431.00 Kg/cm2
4200 ? Kg/cm2
1680 Kg/cm2
Mdulo de elasticidad del acero
2100000 ? Kg/cm2
Peso Especfico de Materiales:

Concreto armado
2.40 ? Tn/m3
2.4.- ESPECIFICACIONES TCNICAS:

Altura de relleno
Peso epecifico mat. Relleno
Angulo de friccin ()
:
:
:
1.100 ht ? m.
1.90 Pe ? T/m3.
30.00 ?
5.1.- PROCEDIMIENTO DE CALCULO:
5.1.1- METRADOS DE CARGAS

Losa inferior:
p.p. Estructura muros
p.p =(2 * 1.15 * 0.15 * 2.4)
=
=
0.83 Tn
p.p. Agua (tirante normal)

p.p =0.5 *1.00 * 1000 * 2.4
1.13 Tn
p.p. Estructura Losa fondo

p.p =(2.4 * 0.15 * 2.4)
=
=
0.86 Tn
2.82 Tn
1.18 Tn/ml
1.18 Tn/ml
0.334 kg/ml
0.70 Tn/ml
0 Tn/ml
Reaccin del Terreno:

Rt = 2.82 / 2.4
W2
Sobre los muros laterales:

Ka = tan^2 30
P1 = 0.334 * 1.9 * 1.1
P1
P2 = 0.334 * 1.9 * 0
P2
Diagrama de Cargas Finales:

Factor de carga:
Wu =
1.40 Wd (Carga muerta)
W1
W2
P1
P2
0.00
1.65
0.98
0.00
=
=
=
=
Tn/ml
Tn/ml
Tn/ml
Tn/ml
Diagrama de Esfuerzos:
Diagrama de Momento Flector:
Diagrama de Esfuerzo cortante:
5.1.2.- CLCULO DEL REA DE ACERO

Clculo del peralte efectivo:
Asumiendo un acero principal 1/2" = 1.27 cm.
ree.
d = H - dc
3.00 cm
4/8
asumido
dc = (ree. + asumido/2)
dc = 3+1.27 / 2 =
3.64 cm
Entonces el peralte efectivo ser:

d = 15 - 3.635
Verificacin del peralte con el mayor momento:

Mr =
Clculo de r:
11.37 cm
0.89
Ton-m
fs
fc
r = 1680 / 78.75
21.330
10.580
0.330
0.8900
Clculo de n:
2100000
15000 f ' c
n = 2100000 / 198431
Clculo de k:
n r
k = 10.58 / (10.58 + 21.33)

Clculo de j:
j 1
k
3
j = 1 - (0.33 / 3)
Clculo del peralte mnimo:
d min
2Mr *100000
fc * k * j * b
dmin = RAIZ(2*0.89 / 78.75 * 0.33 * 0.89 * 100 )
8.77
Espesor correcto dmin < d !
5.1.3- VERIFICACIN POR CORTANTE

a.- Cortante admisible:
Vud
Vud
Vud = 1.92 / 0.85
Vr =
1.92
Ton
Vud =
2.26
Ton.
cm
b.- Cortante mximo:
Vmx 2.10 * f ' c * b * d

Vmx = 2.10 * RAIZ(175) * 100 * 11.365
Vmx =
31.57
Ton.
7.968
tn.
c.- Esfuerzo admisible del concreto:
Vc 0.53 f ' c * b * d
Vc = 0.53 * RAIZ(175) * 100 * 11.365
Vc =
Vc>Vud
No necesita estribos
5.1.4.- CLCULO DEL REA DE ACERO LOSA INFERIOR Y MUROS

1.- Clculo del rea de acero en los nudos
M(-)
0.25
Ton-m
Se calcular por diseo de rotura:
As
Mnr
a
fy * (d )
2
a =
As * fy
0.85 * f ' c * b
0.150
b =
100 cm
As = 0.25 * 100000 / (4200 * 11.365 - 0.15 /2)
a = 0.53 * 4200 / (0.85*175 * 100)
0.53 cm2
0.150
Clculo del rea de acero mnimo en losas:

As min = 0.0015 * 100 * 11.365
As min
1.70 cm2
Tomamos el mayor
1.70 cm2
Cantidad de varillas en 1 m. de ancho:

3/8
acero
As/Ab
= 1.70475 / 0.71
N de varillas =
Espaciamiento del acero:
Ab * 100
As
S = 0.71 *100 / 0.53

Usaremos:
3/8"
=
@
133.96 cm
25.00 cm.
CHEQUEO POR AGRIETAMIENTO

Mdulo de elasticidad del concreto:
Ec
1 Ct
E C 15000 f ' c
Ct = Tiene en cuenta el flujo plstico
ECe
Ct
EC
ES
E
n s
ECe
EC
2
Ece =
n =
=
=
=
1.00
198431.35
2100000.00
kg/cm2
kg/cm2
99215.67
21.17
Cuanta de Acero con el nuevo espaciamiento:
As
b*d
AS
AS =
Ab
S
2.84 cm2

3/8
acero
As/Ab
= 2.84 / 0.71
N de varillas =
fc
Clculo de K:
0.0025
fsk
n(1 k )
K ( 2 n 2 2 n)1 / 2 n
K = (0.00000625 * 448.1689 + 2 (0.0025 * 21.17)^0.5) - 0.0025*21.17)

K =
Clculo de Jd:
Jd d (1
0.277
K
)
3
Jd = 11.365 (1 - 0.277 / 3 )
Jd =
10.32
Clculo de fs:
fs
Ms
AS * Jd
fs = 0.25*100000 / (2.84 * 10.32 )

fs =
Clculo de fc:
fc
852.99 Kg/cm2
Pero fs no ser > 1680 Kg/cm2
15.44 Kg/cm2
Pero fc no ser > 78.75 Kg/cm2
fs * K
n(1 K )
fc = 852.99 * 0.277 / (21.17 * ( 1 - 0.277 )

fc =
*Esfuerzos admisibles:
Compresin en el concreto
Traccin en el acero
:
:
0.45f'c =
0.40f'y =
78.75 Kg/cm2
1680 Kg/cm2
*Clculo del ancho de grieta:
w 1.1 f scara 3 dc * A 30,000

f scara
fs
H Kd d Kd
f Scara f s
H Kd
d Kd
fscara = 852.99 * (0.15 * 100 - 0.277 * 11.365) / (11.365 - 0.277 * 11.365)

fscara =
1230.34 Kg/cm2
2 * dc * b
N de var illas
dc centro de gravedad a la primera capa
A = 2 * 3.635 * 100 / 4
A =
181.75 cm2
w = 1.10 * 1230.34 * (3.635 * 181.75) ^ 1/3

w =
11761.72
El ancho de grieta no ser

mayor de 30,000
Pero : w < 30,000.00

Entonces =
Por lo tanto:
Usaremos:
11761.72 ok!
3/8"
CUMPLE!
2.- Clculo del rea de acero principal en losa
M(+)
0.25 m.
0.89
Ton-m
As
Mnr
a
fy * (d )
2
As * fy
0.85 * f ' c * b
a =
b =
0.539
100 cm
As = 0.89 * 100000 / (4200 * 11.365 - 0.539 /2)
a = 1.91 * 4200 / (0.85 * 175 * 100)

As min = 0.0018 * 100 * 11.365
As min
2.05 cm2
Tomamos el mayor
2.05 cm2
1.91 cm2
0.539

3/8
acero
As/Ab
= 2.0457 / 0.71
N de varillas =
Ab * 100
As
S = 0.71 *100 / 2.0457

Usaremos:
3/8"
34.71 cm
25.00 cm.

Ec
1 Ct
E C 15000 f ' c
ECe
EC
2
n
Ece =
n =
Ct
EC
ES
Es
ECe
=
=
=
1.00
198431.35
2100000.00
kg/cm2
kg/cm2
99215.67
21.17
As
b*d
AS
AS =
Ab
S
2.84 cm2

acero
As/Ab
= 2.84 / 0.71
N de varillas =
fc
Clculo de K:
4
0.0025
fsk
n(1 k )
K ( 2 n 2 2 n)1 / 2 n
K = (0.00000625 * 448.1689 + 2 (0.0025 * 21.17)^0.5) - 0.0025*21.17)

K =
Clculo de Jd:
Jd d (1
0.277
K
)
3
Jd = 11.365 (1 - 0.277 / 3 )
Jd =
Clculo de fs:
fs
Ms
AS * Jd
10.32
3/8
fs = 0.89*100000 / (2.84 * 10.32 )

fs =
Clculo de fc:
fc
3036.63 Kg/cm2
30.40 Kg/cm2
fs * K
n(1 K )
fc = 1680 * 0.277 / (21.17 * ( 1 - 0.277 )

fc =
Traccin en el acero
:
:
0.45f'c =
0.40f'y =
78.75 Kg/cm2
1680 Kg/cm2
w 1.1 f scara 3 dc * A 30,000

f scara
fs
H Kd d Kd
f Scara f s
H Kd
d Kd
fscara = 1680 * (0.15 * 100 - 0.277 * 11.365) / (11.365 - 0.277 * 11.365)

fscara =
2423.20 Kg/cm2
2 * dc * b
N de var illas
A = 2 * 3.635 * 100 / 4
A =
181.75 cm2
w = 1.10 * 2423.2 * (3.635 * 181.75) ^ 1/3

w =
23165.14

mayor de 30,000
Pero : w < 30,000.00

Entonces =
Por lo tanto:
Usaremos:
23165.14 ok!
3/8"
CUMPLE!
3.- Acero de Reparticin
Ar 0.55 *
AS
L
As = Acero principal
L = Luz de clculo
Ar = 0.55 * 2.84 / 1.049

Ar
1.49
cm2
0.25 m.

As min = 0.0018 * 100 * 11.365
As min
2.05 cm2
Tomamos el mayor
2.05 cm2

acero
As/Ab
3/8
= 2.0457 / 0.71
N de varillas =
Ab * 100
As
S = 0.71 *100 / 2.0457

Usaremos:
3/8"
34.71 cm
25.00 cm.
2.05 cm2
4.- Acero de Temperatura

As min = 0.0018 * 100 * 11.365
As min

acero
As/Ab
N de varillas =
Ab * 100
As
S = 0.71 *100 / 2.05

Usaremos:
3/8
= 2.05 / 0.71
3/8"
34.63 cm
25.00 cm.
2.84 cm2
5.- Acero de Reparticin en muros:

Clculo del rea de acero mnimo en muros:
As min = 0.0025 * 100 * 11.365
As min

acero
As/Ab
= 2.84 / 1.29
N de varillas =
Ab * 100
As
S = 1.29 *100 / 2.84
45.42 cm
4/8
Usaremos:
1/2"
20.00 cm.
DISEO FINAL DEL CABEZAL DE ALCANTARILLA
DISEO ESTRUCTURAL ALCANTARILLA MARCO CA 1.10 x 1.00 m.(bxh)
OBRA
SECTOR
TRAMO
FECHA
:
:
:
:
"MANTENIMIENTO PERIODICO VIA DE EVITAMIENTO TARAPOTO

JR. LOS GIRASOLES
CUADRA 1
Jul-10
1.- GENERALIDADES:
Se proyectar una alcantarilla marco de concreto armado, en el sentido transversal del eje de Jr.
Ramon Castilla obtenida segn las condiciones topogrficas del terreno.
2.1.- GEOMETRAS:
Ancho de la alcantarilla
Altura de la alcantarilla
Ancho interno
Altura interna
Longitud de alcantarilla
Tirante normal de agua
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
1.60
1.60
1.30
1.30
0.15
20.00
0.90
B ? m.
H ? m.
b ? m.
h ? m.
e ? m.
L ? m.
? m.
87.00
SECCIN ASUMIDA
2.3.- MATERIALES:
Concreto armado:
F'c = 0.45*f'c
:
:
210 ? Kg/cm2
94.50 Kg/cm2
217,371.00 Kg/cm2
Ec = 15,000*(f'c)1/2
Acero con Esfuerzo:
Fs = 0.40*f'y
:
:
Pgina 12 de 74
4200 ? Kg/cm2
1680 Kg/cm2
2100000 ? Kg/cm2

Concreto armado
2.40 ? Tn/m3

Altura de relleno
:
:
:
0.80 ht ? m.
1.80 Pe ? T/m3.
30.00 ?
3.- PROCEDIMIENTO DE CALCULO:
3.1.- METRADOS DE CARGAS

Losa superior:
p.p. Losa superior
p.p =2.4 * 0.15 * 1.00
=
=
0.36 Tn/ml
p.p. Terrapln
p.p. =1.8 * 0.8 * 1.00
=
=
1.44 Tn/ml
W1
1.80 Tn/ml
P1
8.00 Tn
p.p. Estructura
=
p.p =(2*1.6*0.15 + 2*1.3*0.15 )*2.4 =
2.09 Tn
p.p. Carga viva
8.00 Tn

p.p =0.9 *1.00 * 1000 * 1.45
1.31 Tn
11.39 Tn
16.12
Losa inferior:

Rt = 11.39 / (1.6 - 0.15)
W2

Ka = tan^2 30
7.86 Tn/ml
7.86 Tn/ml
0.334 kg/ml
0.48 Tn/ml
P1 = 0.334 * 1.8 * 0.8

P1
P2 = 0.334 * 1.8 * (0.8 + (1.3 + 0.15) )

P2
1.35 Tn/ml

Factor de carga:
Wu =
W1
W2
P1
P2
=
=
=
=

2.52
11.00
0.67
1.89
Tn/ml
Tn/ml
Tn/ml
Tn/ml
Pgina 13 de 74
18.3502
Pgina 14 de 74
3.2.- CLCULO DEL REA DE ACERO

ree.
d = H - dc
4.00 cm
4/8
asumido
dc = 4+1.27 / 2 =
4.64 cm

d = 15 - 4.635

Mr =
Clculo de r:
10.37 cm
3.92
Ton-m
fs
fc
r = 1680 / 94.5
17.780
9.660
0.350
0.8830
Clculo de n:
2100000
15000 f ' c
n = 2100000 / 217371
Clculo de k:
n r
k = 9.66 / (9.66 + 17.78)

Clculo de j:
j 1
k
3
j = 1 - (0.35 / 3)
d min
2Mr *100000
fc * k * j * b
dmin = RAIZ(2*3.923 / 94.5 * 0.35 * 0.883 * 100 )
Modificar espesor asumido !
3.3.- VERIFICACIN POR CORTANTE

Vud
Vud
Vr =
9.62
Ton
Vud =
11.32
Ton.
31.54
Ton.
7.96
tn.
Vud = 9.62 / 0.85
b.- Cortante mximo:
Vmx 2.10 * f ' c * b * d

Vmx = 2.10 * RAIZ(210) * 100 * 10.365
Vmx =
Vc 0.53 f ' c * b * d
Vc = 0.53 * RAIZ(210) * 100 * 10.365
Vc =
Vc>Vud
Necesita estribar la viga
Pgina 15 de 74
16.39
cm
3.4.- CLCULO DEL REA DE ACERO LOSA SUPERIOR

M(-)
2.51
Ton-m
As
Mnr
a
fy * (d )
2
As * fy
0.85 * f ' c * b
a
a =
b =
1.537
100 cm
As = 2.51 * 100000 / (4200 * 10.365 - 1.5365 /2)
a = 6.23 * 4200 / (0.85*210 * 100)
6.23 cm2
1.466

As min = 0.0015 * 100 * 10.365
As min
1.55 cm2
Tomamos el mayor
6.23 cm2

3/8
acero
As/Ab
= 6.23 / 0.71
N de varillas =
Ab *100
As
S = 0.71 *100 / 6.23

Usaremos:
3/8"
11.40 cm
25.00 cm.

Ec
1 Ct
ECe
Ct
EC
ES
E
n s
ECe
E
C
2
EC 15000 f ' c
Ece =
n =
108685.33
19.32
As
b*d
AS
Ab
S
Pgina 16 de 74
=
=
1.00
217370.65
kg/cm2
2100000.00
kg/cm2
AS =
2.84 cm2

3/8
acero
As/Ab
= 2.84 / 0.71
N de varillas =
fc
Clculo de K:
0.00274
fsk
n(1 k )
K ( 2 n 2 2 n)1 / 2 n
K = (0.0000075076 * 373.2624 + 2 (0.00274 * 19.32)^0.5) - 0.00274*19.32)

K =
Clculo de Jd:
Jd d (1
0.277
K
)
3
Jd = 10.365 (1 - 0.277 / 3 )
Jd =
9.41
Clculo de fs:
fs
Ms
AS * Jd
fs = 2.51*100000 / (2.84 * 9.41 )

fs =
Clculo de fc:
fc
9392.17 Kg/cm2
33.32 Kg/cm2
fs * K
n(1 K )
fc = 1680 * 0.277 / (19.32 * ( 1 - 0.277 )

fc =
Traccin en el acero
:
:
0.45f'c =
0.40f'y =
94.50 Kg/cm2
1680 Kg/cm2
w 1.1 f scara 3 dc * A 30,000

f scara
fs
H Kd d Kd
f Scara f s
H Kd
d Kd
fscara = 1680 * (0.15 * 100 - 0.277 * 10.365) / (10.365 - 0.277 * 10.365)

fscara =
2719.09 Kg/cm2
2 * dc * b
N de var illas
Pgina 17 de 74
A = 2 * 4.635 * 100 / 4
A =
231.75 cm2
w = 1.10 * 2719.09 * (4.635 * 231.75) ^ 1/3

w =
30560.64

mayor de 30,000
Pero : w < 30,000.00

Entonces = recalcular conok!
Por lo tanto:
Usaremos:
3/8"
CUMPLE!
2.- Clculo del rea de acero principal
0.25 m.
M(+)
5.06
Ton-m
As
Mnr
a
fy * (d )
2
a =
b =
As * fy
0.85 * f ' c * b
1.169
100 cm
As = 5.06 * 100000 / (4200 * 10.365 - 1.169 /2)
12.32 cm2
a = 12.32 * 4200 / (0.85 * 210 * 100)
2.899

As min = 0.0018 * 100 * 10.365
As min
1.87 cm2
Tomamos el mayor
12.32 cm2

4/8
acero
As/Ab
= 12.32 / 1.29
N de varillas =
10
Ab *100
As
S = 1.29 *100 / 12.32

Usaremos:
4/8"
10.47 cm
20.00 cm.

Ec
1 Ct
ECe
E
C
2
Ct
1.00
EC
=
=
217370.65
2100000.00
ES
E
n s
ECe
Ece =
n =
EC 15000 f ' c
108685.33
19.32
Pgina 18 de 74
kg/cm2
kg/cm2
As
b*d
Ab
S
AS
AS =
6.45 cm2

4/8
acero
As/Ab
= 6.45 / 1.29
N de varillas =
fc
Clculo de K:
0.00622
fsk
n(1 k )
K ( 2 n 2 2 n)1 / 2 n
K = (0.0000386884 * 373.2624 + 2 (0.00622 * 19.32)^0.5) - 0.00622*19.32)

K =
Clculo de Jd:
Jd d (1
0.385
K
)
3
Jd = 10.365 (1 - 0.385 / 3 )
Jd =
9.03
Clculo de fs:
fs
Ms
AS * Jd
fs = 5.06*100000 / (6.45 * 9.03 )

fs =
Clculo de fc:
fc
8687.66 Kg/cm2
54.44 Kg/cm2
fs * K
n(1 K )
fc = 1680 * 0.385 / (19.32 * ( 1 - 0.385 )

fc =
Traccin en el acero
:
:
0.45f'c =
0.40f'y =
94.50 Kg/cm2
1680 Kg/cm2
w 1.1 f scara 3 dc * A 30,000

f scara
fs
H Kd d Kd
f Scara f s
H Kd
d Kd
fscara = 1680 * (0.15 * 100 - 0.385 * 10.365) / (10.365 - 0.385 * 10.365)

fscara =
2901.56 Kg/cm2
2 * dc * b
N de var illas
Pgina 19 de 74
A = 2 * 4.635 * 100 / 5
A =
185.40 cm2
w = 1.10 * 2901.56 * (4.635 * 185.4) ^ 1/3

w =
30276.06

mayor de 30,000
Pero : w < 30,000.00

Por lo tanto:
Usaremos:
3/8"
CUMPLE!
0.20 m.
3.- Acero de Reparticin en losa
Ar 0.55 *
AS
L
L = Luz de clculo
Ar = 0.55 * 6.45 / 1.204

Ar
2.95
cm2

As min = 0.0018 * 100 * 10.365
As min
1.87 cm2
Tomamos el mayor
2.95 cm2

acero
As/Ab
3/8
= 2.95 / 0.71
N de varillas =
Ab *100
As
S = 0.71 *100 / 2.95

Usaremos:
3/8"
24.07 cm
20.00 cm.
1.87 cm2

As min = 0.0018 * 100 * 10.365
As min

acero
As/Ab
N de varillas =
= 1.87 / 0.71
Ab *100
As
Pgina 20 de 74
3/8
S = 0.71 *100 / 1.87

Usaremos:
3/8"
37.97 cm
20.00 cm.
3.5.- CLCULO DEL REA DE ACERO LOSA INFERIOR Y MUROS

1.- Clculo del rea de acero en los muros
M(-)
1.50
Ton-m
As
Mnr
a
fy * (d )
2
a
a =
b =
As * fy
0.85 * f ' c * b
0.508
100 cm
As = 1.5 * 100000 / (4200 * (10.365 - 0.508 /2))
a = 3.53 * / (0.85 * 210 * 100)
3.53 cm2
0.831

As min = 0.0018 * 100 * 10.365
As min
1.87 cm2
Tomamos el mayor
3.53 cm2

3/8
acero
As/Ab
= 3.53 / 0.71
N de varillas =
Ab *100
As
S = 0.71 *100 / 3.53

Usaremos:
3/8"
20.11 cm
40.00 cm.

Ec
1 Ct
ECe
Ece =
n =
Ct
1.00
EC
=
=
217370.65
2100000.00
ES
E
n s
ECe
E
C
2
EC 15000 f ' c
108685.33
19.32
As
b*d
AS
AS =
Ab
S
1.78 cm2
Pgina 21 de 74
kg/cm2
kg/cm2

3/8
acero
As/Ab
= 1.78 / 0.71
N de varillas =
fc
Clculo de K:
0.00172
K ( 2 n 2 2 n)1 / 2 n
fsk
n(1 k )
K = (0.0000029584 * 373.2624 + 2 (0.00172 * 19.32)^0.5) - 0.00172*19.32)

K =
Clculo de Jd:
Jd d (1
0.227
K
)
3
Jd = 10.365 (1 - 0.227 / 3 )
Jd =
9.58
Clculo de fs:
fs
Ms
AS * Jd
fs = 1.5*100000 / (1.78 * 9.58 )

fs =
Clculo de fc:
fc
8796.42 Kg/cm2
25.54 Kg/cm2
fs * K
n(1 K )
fc = 1680 * 0.227 / (19.32 * ( 1 - 0.227 )

fc =
Traccin en el acero
:
:
0.45f'c =
0.40f'y =
94.50 Kg/cm2
1680.00 Kg/cm2
w 1.1 f scara 3 dc * A 30,000

f scara
fs
H Kd d Kd
f Scara f s
H Kd
d Kd
fscara = 1680 * (0.15 * 100 - 0.227 * 10.365) / (10.365 - 0.227 * 10.365)

fscara =
2651.87 Kg/cm2
Pgina 22 de 74
2 * dc * b
N de var illas
A = 2 * 4.635 * 100 / 3
A =
309 cm2
w = 1.10 * 2651.87 * (4.635 * 309) ^ 1/3

w =
32801.65

mayor de 30,000
Pero : w < 30,000.00

Por lo tanto:
Usaremos:
3/8"
CUMPLE!
0.30 m.
Acero de Reparticin en muros:

As min = 0.0025 * 100 * 10.365
As min
2.59 cm2

4/8
acero
As/Ab
= 2.59 / 1.29
N de varillas =
Ab *100
As
S = 1.29 *100 / 2.59

Usaremos:
4/8"
49.81 cm
25.00 cm.
M(+)
2.27
Ton-m
As
Mnr
a
fy * (d )
2
As * fy
0.85 * f ' c * b
a =
b =
0.635
100 cm
As = 2.27 * 100000 / (4200 *( 10.365 - 0.635 /2))
a = 5.38 * 4200 / (0.85 * 210 * 100)

As min = 0.0018 * 100 * 10.365
As min
1.87 cm2
Tomamos el mayor
5.38 cm2
Pgina 23 de 74
5.38 cm2
1.266

3/8
acero
As/Ab
= 5.38 / 0.71
N de varillas =
Ab *100
As
S = 0.71 *100 / 5.38

Usaremos:
3/8"
13.20 cm
20.00 cm.
Ec
1 Ct
EC 15000 f ' c
ECe
Ct
E
n s
ECe
E
C
2
Ece =
n =
EC
=
=
1.00
217370.65
kg/cm2
ES
2100000.00
kg/cm2
108685.33
19.32
As
b*d
AS
AS =
Ab
S
3.55 cm2

acero
As/Ab
N de varillas =
fc
Clculo de K:
5
0.00342
fsk
n(1 k )
K ( 2 n 2 2 n)1 / 2 n
K = (0.0000116964 * 373.2624 + 2 (0.00342 * 19.32)^0.5) - 0.00342*19.32)

K =
Clculo de Jd:
Jd d (1
0.303
K
)
3
Jd = 10.365 (1 - 0.303 / 3 )
Jd =
9.32
Clculo de fs:
fs
3/8
= 3.55 / 0.71
Ms
AS * Jd
fs = 2.27*100000 / (3.55 * 9.32 )
Pgina 24 de 74
fs =
Clculo de fc:
fc
6860.91 Kg/cm2
37.80 Kg/cm2
fs * K
n(1 K )
fc = 1680 * 0.303 / (19.32 * ( 1 - 0.303 )

fc =
Traccin en el acero
:
:
0.45f'c =
0.40f'y =
94.50 Kg/cm2
1680 Kg/cm2
w 1.1 f scara 3 dc * A 30,000

f scara
fs
H Kd d Kd
f Scara f s
H Kd
d Kd
fscara = 1680 * (0.15 * 100 - 0.303 * 10.365) / (10.365 - 0.303 * 10.365)

fscara =
2757.85 Kg/cm2
2 * dc * b
N de var illas
A = 2 * 4.635 * 100 / 5
A =
185.40 cm2
w = 1.10 * 2757.85 * (4.635 * 185.4) ^ 1/3

w =
28776.53

mayor de 30,000
Pero : w < 30,000.00

Entonces =
Por lo tanto:
Usaremos:
28776.53 ok!
3/8"
CUMPLE!
3.- Acero de Reparticin losa fondo
Ar 0.55 *
AS
L = Luz de clculo
Ar = 0.55 * 3.55 / 1.204

Ar
1.62
cm2

As min = 0.0018 * 100 * 10.365
As min
1.87 cm2
Tomamos el mayor
1.87 cm2
Pgina 25 de 74
20.00 cm.

acero
As/Ab
3/8
= 1.8657 / 0.71
N de varillas =
Ab *100
As
S = 0.71 *100 / 1.8657

Usaremos:
3/8"
38.06 cm
20.00 cm.
4.- Acero de Temperatura ambos sentidos

As min = (2/3) * 0.0018 * 100 * 10.365
As min
1.24 cm2

acero
As/Ab
= 1.24 / 0.71
N de varillas =
Ab *100
As
S = 0.71 *100 / 1.24

Usaremos:
3/8"
57.26 cm
30.00 cm.
DISEO FINAL DE LA ALCANTARILLA
Pgina 26 de 74
3/8
4. DISEO DE LA VIGA SARDINEL

4.1. Metrados de carga
Ancho de la viga sardinel

Altura de la viga sardinel
Luz libre de viga sardinel
Peso de rueda
:
:
:
:
0.20
0.40
1.30
8.00
Peso de la viga
= 0.2 * 0.4 * 1.00 * 2.4

Wv =
4.2. Momento por peso propio:
MD
H ? m.
L ? m.
Tn.
0.19 tn/ml
WD * L2
8
MD =
4.3. Momento por sobrecarga:

a.- Segn:
m.
0.04 tn/ml
M S / C 0.10 PL
AASHTO :
Reemplazando:
MSC =
1.04
tn/ml
Clculo del Ancho Efectivo E:

El ancho de losa sobre el cual acta la carga de una rueda de camin es:
E 1.219 0.06L
Donde : L = Luz de la alcantarilla

Entonces:
E = 1.219 + 0.06 * 1.3
E =
El valor de E, no debe ser mayor que:
E mx.
1.297
m.
W
2N
Donde :
W = ancho de la alcantarilla entre sardineles

N = nmero de lneas de trnsito
W :
N :
19.60
2.00 ?
Emx = 19.6 / (2 * 2 )
Emx =
4.90
m.
E =
1.297
m.
Por lo tanto :
Pgina 27 de 74
b.- Por ancho efectivo:

Reemplazando en la frmula:
PS
P
E 0.30
E
2
PS
P E 2 0.30
E
Ps = 8 * (1.297 / 2 - 0.30 ) / ( 1.297 )

Ps =
2.15
tn.
Ms =
0.70
tn-m
Ms =
1.040
tn-m
Entonces el momento ser:
M S 7C
PS * L
4
Ms = 2.15 * 1.3 / 4
Entonces se tomar el mayor:
c.- Momento incluyendo el Impacto:
M S M S / C * 0.30
Reemplazando:
Mv+i = 1.04 * (0.30)
MV+I =
4.4.- Clculo del Peralte necesario por Servicio:

Reempazando en la frmula:
Ms = 0.192 + 1.04 + 0.312
Ms =
0.312
tn-m
M S M D M S / C M V I
1.544
tn-m

ree.
d = H - dc
asumido
4.00 cm
3/8
dc = (ree.+asumido+1/2/2)
dc = 4+0.98+1/2/2
d = 40 - 5.615

Mr =
Clculo de r:
34.39 cm
1.54
Ton-m
fs
fc
r = 1680 / 94.5
17.780
9.660
0.350
Clculo de n:
2100000
15000 f ' c
n = 2100000 / 217371
Clculo de k:
n r
k = 9.66 / (9.66 + 17.78)
Pgina 28 de 74
5.62 cm
Clculo de j:
j 1
k
3
j = 1 - (0.35 / 3)
0.8830
2Mr *100000
fc * k * j * b
d min
dmin = RAIZ(2*1.54*1e5 / 94.5*0.35*0.883*0.2 )
22.96
cm
4.5.- Diseo por rotura:

1. Momento ltimo:
M U 1.3 * ( M D 1.67( M S M V I ))
Ms = 1.30 { 0.192 + 1.67 (1.04 + 0.312 ) }
Ms =
2.- Clculo del rea de acero principal:
3.185
M nr
Mnr =
tn-m / m
MS
0.90
3.540
tn-m / m
As
Mnr
a
fy * (d )
2
As * fy
0.85 * f ' c * b
a =
3.012
b =
20 cm
As = 3.54 * 100000 / (4200 *( 34.385 - 3.012 /2))
a = 2.56 * 4200 / (0.85 * 210 * 20)
2.56 cm2
3.012
Clculo del rea de acero mnimo en vigas:

As min = 0.0033 * 20 * 34.385
As min
1.24 cm2
Tomamos el mayor
2.56 cm2

4/8
acero
As/Ab
= 2.56 / 1.29
N de varillas =
Usaremos:
varillas
1/2"

Ec
1 Ct
Pgina 29 de 74
EC 15000 f ' c
ECe
Ct
E
n s
ECe
E
C
2
Ece =
n =
EC
=
=
1.00
0.00
kg/cm2
ES
2100000.00
kg/cm2
108685.33
19.32
As
b*d
Ab
S
AS

4/8
acero
fc
Clculo de K:
0.0038
fsk
n(1 k )
K ( 2 n 2 2 n)1 / 2 n
K = (0.00001444 * 373.2624 + 2 (0.0038 * 19.32)^0.5) - 0.0038*19.32)

K =
Clculo de Jd:
Jd d (1
0.317
K
)
3
Jd = 34.385 (1 - 0.317 / 3 )
Jd =
30.75
Clculo de fs:
fs
Ms
AS * Jd
fs =
Clculo de fc:
fc
4462.09 Kg/cm2
40.36 Kg/cm2
fs * K
n(1 K )
fc = 1680 * 0.317 / (19.32 * ( 1 - 0.317 )

fc =
Traccin en el acero
:
:
0.45f'c =
0.40f'y =
94.50 Kg/cm2
1680 Kg/cm2
w 1.1 f scara 3 dc * A 30,000

f scara
fs
H Kd d Kd
f Scara f s
H Kd
d Kd
fscara = 1680 * (0.4 * 100 - 0.317 * 34.385) / (34.385 - 0.317 * 34.385)

fscara =
2081.67 Kg/cm2
Pgina 30 de 74
2 * dc * b
N de var illas
A = 2 * 5.615 * 0.2 * 100 / 2

A =
112.30 cm2
w = 1.10 * 2081.67 * (5.615 * 112.3) ^ 1/3

w =
19593.61

mayor de 30,000
Pero : w < 30,000.00

Entonces =
Por lo tanto:
Usaremos:
19593.61 ok!
CUMPLE!
varillas
1/2"
3.- Clculo del Acero Lateral Intermedio
AS int ermedio 0.10 * Asp

Asintermedio
0.258
cm2

3/8
acero
As/Ab
= 0.258 / 0.71
N de varillas =
Usaremos:
0
varillas
3/8"
4.- Clculo del Acero Superior
AS sup erior 0.75 * Asp

Assuperior
1.935
cm2

4/8
acero
As/Ab
N de varillas =
Usaremos:
= 1.935 / 1.29
2
varillas
1/2"
4.6.- Verificacin por cortante

a.- Cortante por peso propio:
VPP
Wd * L
2
Vpp = 0.192 * 1.3 * / 2
Vpp =
0.125
tn.
b.- Cortante por sobrecarga:

Pgina 31 de 74
E 1.219 0.06L

Entonces:
E = 1.219 + 0.06 * 1.3
E =
E mx.
W
2N
Emx =
E
b' 0.30
2
1.297
m.
4.90
m.
Reemplazando :
0.3485
Reemplazando :
2.15
Tn.
Reemplazando :
0.65
Tn.
6.241
tn.
5.282
tn.
El cortante por sobrecarga ser:
Vs / c
b'*8
E
c.- Cortante por impacto:
Vi 0.30 * VS / C
d.- Cortante total:
Vu 1.3 * V PP 1.67V S / C Vi
Vu = 1.3 *(0.1248 + 1.67(2.15 + 0.65))
Vu =
e.- Esfuerzo admisible del concreto:
Vc 0.53 f ' c * b * d
Vc = 0.53 * RAIZ(210) * 20 * 34.385
Vc =
Vc>Vu
4.7.- Diseo de los Estribos:
S max 1
d
2
17.1925 cm.
60.00 cm.
S(3/8) =
85.20 cm.
S mas 2 60cm.
AV * Fy
S max para 3 " S
8
3.5 * b
S(3/8) = 2 * 0.71 * 4200 / 3.5 * 20
Colocaremos entonces el menor de los tres valores calculados:

Por lo tanto:
Usaremos:
3/8"
0.20
DISEO FINAL DE LA VIGA SARDINEL
Pgina 32 de 74
OBRA
SECTOR
TRAMO
FECHA
:
:
:
:

JR. LOS GIRASOLES
CUADRA 1
Jul-10
1.- GENERALIDADES:
2.1.- GEOMETRAS:
Ancho interno
Altura interna
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
2.20
1.60
1.80
1.20
0.25
87.00
1.02
B ? m.
H ? m.
b ? m.
h ? m.
e ? m.
L ? m.
? m.
87
SECCIN ASUMIDA
2.3.- MATERIALES:
Concreto armado:
F'c = 0.45*f'c
:
:

Ec = 15,000*(f'c)1/2
Acero con Esfuerzo:

Fs = 0.40*f'y
:
:
Pgina 33 de 74
210 ? Kg/cm2
94.50 Kg/cm2
217,371.00 Kg/cm2
4200 ? Kg/cm2
1680 Kg/cm2
2100000 ? Kg/cm2

Concreto armado
2.40 ? Tn/m3

Altura de relleno
:
:
:
0.80 ht ? m.
1.80 Pe ? T/m3.
30.00 ?

Losa superior:
p.p. Losa superior
p.p =2.4 * 0.25 * 1.00
=
=
0.60 Tn/ml
p.p. Terrapln
p.p. =1.8 * 0.8 * 1.00
=
=
1.44 Tn/ml
W1
2.04 Tn/ml
P1
8.00 Tn
p.p. Estructura
=
p.p =(2*2.2*0.25 + 2*1.2*0.25 )*2.4 =
4.08 Tn
p.p. Carga viva
8.00 Tn

p.p =1.02 *1.00 * 1000 * 1.95
1.99 Tn
14.07 Tn
16.456
Losa inferior:

Rt = 14.07 / (2.2 - 0.25)
W2

Ka = tan^2 30
7.22 Tn/ml
7.22 Tn/ml
0.334 kg/ml
0.48 Tn/ml
P1 = 0.334 * 1.8 * 0.8

P1
P2 = 0.334 * 1.8 * (0.8 + (1.2 + 0.25) )

P2
1.29 Tn/ml

Factor de carga:
Wu =
W1
W2
P1
P2
=
=
=
=

2.86
10.10
0.67
1.81
Tn/ml
Tn/ml
Tn/ml
Tn/ml
Pgina 34 de 74
22.0966
Pgina 35 de 74

ree.
d = H - dc
4.00 cm
4/8
asumido
dc = 4+1.27 / 2 =
4.64 cm

d = 25 - 4.635
20.37 cm

Mr =
Clculo de r:
fs
fc
r = 1680 / 94.5
5.06
17.780
9.660
0.350
0.8830
Ton-m
Clculo de n:
2100000
15000 f ' c
n = 2100000 / 217371
Clculo de k:
n r
k = 9.66 / (9.66 + 17.78)

Clculo de j:
j 1
k
3
j = 1 - (0.35 / 3)
d min
2 Mr * 100000
fc * k * j * b
dmin = RAIZ(2*5.06 / 94.5 * 0.35 * 0.883 * 100 )

Vud
Vud
Vr =
9.62
Ton
Vud =
11.32
Ton.
61.97
Ton.
Vud = 9.62 / 0.85
b.- Cortante mximo:
Vmx 2.10 * f ' c * b * d

Vmx = 2.10 * RAIZ(210) * 100 * 20.365
Vmx =
Pgina 36 de 74
18.61
cm
Vc 0.53 f ' c * b * d
Vc = 0.53 * RAIZ(210) * 100 * 20.365
Vc =
15.64
tn.
Vc>Vud

M(-)
2.51
Ton-m
As
Mnr
a
fy * ( d )
2
a =
As * fy
0.85 * f ' c * b
0.704
b =
100 cm
As = 2.51 * 100000 / (4200 * 20.365 - 0.704 /2)
a = 2.99 * 4200 / (0.85*210 * 100)
2.99 cm2
0.704

As min = 0.0015 * 100 * 20.365
As min
3.05 cm2
Tomamos el mayor
3.05 cm2

3/8
acero
As/Ab
= 3.05475 / 0.71
N de varillas =
Ab * 100
As
S = 0.71 *100 / 2.99

Usaremos:
3/8"
23.24 cm
20.00 cm.

Ec
1 Ct
E Ce
E
n s
E Ce
E
C
2
Ece =
n =
108685.33
19.32
As
b*d
AS
Ab
S
Pgina 37 de 74
EC 15000 f ' c
Ct
EC
=
=
1.00
217370.65
kg/cm2
ES
2100000.00
kg/cm2
AS =
3.55 cm2

3/8
acero
As/Ab
= 3.55 / 0.71
N de varillas =
fc
Clculo de K:
0.00174
fsk
n(1 k )
K ( 2 n 2 2 n)1 / 2 n
K = (0.0000030276 * 373.2624 + 2 (0.00174 * 19.32)^0.5) - 0.00174*19.32)

K =
Clculo de Jd:
Jd d (1
0.228
K
)
3
Jd = 20.365 (1 - 0.228 / 3 )
Jd =
18.82
Clculo de fs:
fs
Ms
AS * Jd
fs = 2.51*100000 / (3.55 * 18.82 )

fs =
Clculo de fc:
fc
3756.87 Kg/cm2
25.68 Kg/cm2
fs * K
n(1 K )
fc = 1680 * 0.228 / (19.32 * ( 1 - 0.228 )

fc =
Traccin en el acero
:
:
0.45f'c =
0.40f'y =
94.50 Kg/cm2
1680 Kg/cm2
w 1.1 f scara 3 dc * A 30,000

f scara
fs
H Kd d Kd
f Scara f s
H Kd
d Kd
fscara = 1680 * (0.25 * 100 - 0.228 * 20.365) / (20.365 - 0.228 * 20.365)

fscara =
2175.29 Kg/cm2
2 * dc * b
N de var illas
Pgina 38 de 74
A = 2 * 4.635 * 100 / 5
A =
185.4 cm2
w = 1.10 * 2175.29 * (4.635 * 185.4) ^ 1/3

w =
22697.86

mayor de 30,000
Pero : w < 30,000.00

Entonces =
Por lo tanto:
Usaremos:
22697.86 ok!
3/8"
CUMPLE!
0.20 m.
M(+)
5.06
Ton-m
As
Mnr
a
fy * ( d )
2
a =
As * fy
0.85 * f ' c * b
1.169
b =
100 cm
As = 5.06 * 100000 / (4200 * 20.365 - 1.169 /2)
a = 6.09 * 4200 / (0.85 * 210 * 100)
6.09 cm2
1.433

As min = 0.0018 * 100 * 20.365
As min
3.67 cm2
Tomamos el mayor
6.09 cm2

4/8
acero
As/Ab
= 6.09 / 1.29
N de varillas =
Ab * 100
As
S = 1.29 *100 / 6.09

Usaremos:
1/2"
21.18 cm
20.00 cm.

Ec
1 Ct
E Ce
EC
2
E
n s
E Ce
Ece =
n =
108685.33
19.32
Pgina 39 de 74
EC 15000 f ' c
Ct
EC
ES
=
=
=
1.00
217370.65
2100000.00
kg/cm2
kg/cm2
As
b*d
Ab
S
AS
AS =
6.45 cm2

4/8
acero
As/Ab
= 6.45 / 1.29
N de varillas =
fc
Clculo de K:
0.00317
fsk
n(1 k )
K ( 2 n 2 2 n)1 / 2 n
K = (0.0000100489 * 373.2624 + 2 (0.00317 * 19.32)^0.5) - 0.00317*19.32)

K =
Clculo de Jd:
Jd d (1
0.294
K
)
3
Jd = 20.365 (1 - 0.294 / 3 )
Jd =
18.37
Clculo de fs:
fs
Ms
AS * Jd
fs = 5.06*100000 / (6.45 * 18.37 )

fs =
Clculo de fc:
fc
4270.53 Kg/cm2
36.21 Kg/cm2
fs * K
n(1 K )
fc = 1680 * 0.294 / (19.32 * ( 1 - 0.294 )

fc =
Traccin en el acero
:
:
0.45f'c =
0.40f'y =
94.50 Kg/cm2
1680 Kg/cm2
w 1.1 f scara 3 dc * A 30,000

f scara
fs
H Kd d Kd
f Scara f s
H Kd
d Kd
fscara = 1680 * (0.25 * 100 - 0.294 * 20.365) / (20.365 - 0.294 * 20.365)

fscara =
2221.59 Kg/cm2
2 * dc * b
N de var illas
Pgina 40 de 74
A = 2 * 4.635 * 100 / 5
A =
185.40 cm2
w = 1.10 * 2221.59 * (4.635 * 185.4) ^ 1/3

w =
23180.98

mayor de 30,000
Pero : w < 30,000.00

Entonces =
Por lo tanto:
Usaremos:
23180.98 ok!
1/2"
CUMPLE!
0.20 m.
Ar 0.55 *
AS
L = Luz de clculo
Ar = 0.55 * 6.45 / 1.432

Ar
2.48
cm2

As min = 0.0018 * 100 * 20.365
As min
3.67 cm2
Tomamos el mayor
3.67 cm2

acero
As/Ab
3/8
= 3.6657 / 0.71
N de varillas =
Ab * 100
As
S = 0.71 *100 / 3.6657

Usaremos:
3/8"
19.37 cm
20.00 cm.
3.67 cm2

As min = 0.0018 * 100 * 20.365
As min

acero
As/Ab
N de varillas =
= 3.67 / 0.71
Ab * 100
As
Pgina 41 de 74
3/8
S = 0.71 *100 / 3.67

Usaremos:
3/8"
19.35 cm
20.00 cm.

M(-)
2.51
Ton-m
As
Mnr
a
fy * ( d )
2
a =
As * fy
0.85 * f ' c * b
0.508
b =
100 cm
As = 2.51 * 100000 / (4200 * (20.365 - 0.508 /2))
a = 2.97 * / (0.85 * 210 * 100)
2.97 cm2
0.699

As min = 0.0018 * 100 * 20.365
As min
3.67 cm2
Tomamos el mayor
3.67 cm2

3/8
acero
As/Ab
= 3.6657 / 0.71
N de varillas =
Ab * 100
As
S = 0.71 *100 / 2.97

Usaremos:
3/8"
23.91 cm
20.00 cm.

Ec
1 Ct
E Ce
EC
2
Ct
n
Ece =
n =
EC
ES
Es
E Ce
108685.33
19.32
EC 15000 f ' c
As
b*d
AS
AS =
Ab
S
3.55 cm2
Pgina 42 de 74
=
=
=
1.00
217370.65
2100000.00
kg/cm2
kg/cm2

3/8
acero
As/Ab
= 3.55 / 0.71
N de varillas =
fc
Clculo de K:
0.00174
K ( 2 n 2 2 n)1 / 2 n
fsk
n(1 k )
K = (0.0000030276 * 373.2624 + 2 (0.00174 * 19.32)^0.5) - 0.00174*19.32)

K =
Clculo de Jd:
Jd d (1
0.228
K
)
3
Jd = 20.365 (1 - 0.228 / 3 )
Jd =
18.82
Clculo de fs:
fs
Ms
AS * Jd
fs = 2.51*100000 / (3.55 * 18.82 )

fs =
Clculo de fc:
fc
3756.87 Kg/cm2
25.68 Kg/cm2
fs * K
n(1 K )
fc = 1680 * 0.228 / (19.32 * ( 1 - 0.228 )

fc =
Traccin en el acero
:
:
0.45f'c =
0.40f'y =
94.50 Kg/cm2
1680.00 Kg/cm2
w 1.1 f scara 3 dc * A 30,000

f scara
fs
H Kd d Kd
f Scara f s
H Kd
d Kd
fscara = 1680 * (0.25 * 100 - 0.228 * 20.365) / (20.365 - 0.228 * 20.365)

fscara =
2175.29 Kg/cm2
Pgina 43 de 74
2 * dc * b
N de var illas
A = 2 * 4.635 * 100 / 5
A =
185.4 cm2
w = 1.10 * 2175.29 * (4.635 * 185.4) ^ 1/3

w =
22697.86

mayor de 30,000
Pero : w < 30,000.00

Entonces =
Por lo tanto:
Usaremos:
22697.86 ok!
3/8"
CUMPLE!
0.20 m.

As min = 0.0025 * 100 * 20.365
As min
5.09 cm2

4/8
acero
As/Ab
= 5.09 / 1.29
N de varillas =
Ab * 100
As
S = 1.29 *100 / 5.09

Usaremos:
3/8"
25.34 cm
25.00 cm.
M(+)
1.50
Ton-m
As
Mnr
a
fy * ( d )
2
a =
b =
As * fy
0.85 * f ' c * b
0.722
100 cm
As = 1.5 * 100000 / (4200 *( 20.365 - 0.722 /2))
a = 1.79 * 4200 / (0.85 * 210 * 100)

As min = 0.0018 * 100 * 20.365
As min
3.67 cm2
Tomamos el mayor
3.67 cm2
Pgina 44 de 74
1.79 cm2
0.421

3/8
acero
As/Ab
= 3.6657 / 0.71
N de varillas =
Ab * 100
As
S = 0.71 *100 / 3.6657

Usaremos:
3/8"
19.37 cm
20.00 cm.

Ec
1 Ct
EC 15000 f ' c
E Ce
Ct
EC
ES
E
n s
E Ce
EC
2
Ece =
n =
=
=
=
1.00
217370.65
2100000.00
108685.33
19.32
As
b*d
AS
AS =
Ab
S
3.55 cm2

acero
As/Ab
N de varillas =
fc
Clculo de K:
5
0.00174
fsk
n(1 k )
K ( 2 n 2 2 n)1 / 2 n
K = (0.0000030276 * 373.2624 + 2 (0.00174 * 19.32)^0.5) - 0.00174*19.32)

K =
Clculo de Jd:
Jd d (1
0.228
K
)
3
Jd = 20.365 (1 - 0.228 / 3 )
Jd =
18.82
Clculo de fs:
fs
3/8
= 3.55 / 0.71
Ms
AS * Jd
fs = 1.5*100000 / (3.55 * 18.82 )
Pgina 45 de 74
kg/cm2
kg/cm2
fs =
Clculo de fc:
fc
2245.14 Kg/cm2
25.68 Kg/cm2
fs * K
n(1 K )
fc = 1680 * 0.228 / (19.32 * ( 1 - 0.228 )

fc =
Traccin en el acero
:
:
0.45f'c =
0.40f'y =
94.50 Kg/cm2
1680 Kg/cm2
w 1.1 f scara 3 dc * A 30,000

f scara
fs
H Kd d Kd
f Scara f s
H Kd
d Kd
fscara = 1680 * (0.25 * 100 - 0.228 * 20.365) / (20.365 - 0.228 * 20.365)

fscara =
2175.29 Kg/cm2
2 * dc * b
N de var illas
A = 2 * 4.635 * 100 / 5
A =
185.40 cm2
w = 1.10 * 2175.29 * (4.635 * 185.4) ^ 1/3

w =
22697.86

mayor de 30,000
Pero : w < 30,000.00

Entonces =
Por lo tanto:
Usaremos:
22697.86 ok!
3/8"
CUMPLE!
Ar 0.55 *
AS
L
L = Luz de clculo
Ar = 0.55 * 3.55 / 1.432

Ar
1.36
cm2

As min = 0.0018 * 100 * 20.365
As min
3.67 cm2
Tomamos el mayor
3.67 cm2
Pgina 46 de 74
0.20 m.

acero
As/Ab
3/8
= 3.6657 / 0.71
N de varillas =
Ab * 100
As
S = 0.71 *100 / 3.6657

Usaremos:
3/8"
19.37 cm
20.00 cm.

As min = (2/3) * 0.0018 * 100 * 20.365
As min
2.44 cm2

acero
As/Ab
= 2.44 / 0.71
N de varillas =
Ab * 100
As
S = 0.71 *100 / 2.44

Usaremos:
3/8"
29.10 cm
30.00 cm.
Pgina 47 de 74
3/8


Peso de rueda
:
:
:
:
0.20
0.40
1.30
8.00
Peso de la viga
= 0.2 * 0.4 * 1.00 * 2.4

Wv =
MD
H ? m.
L ? m.
Tn.
0.19 tn/ml
WD * L2
8
MD =

a.- Segn:
m.
0.04 tn/ml
M S / C 0.10 PL
AASHTO :
Reemplazando:
MSC =
1.04
tn/ml

E 1.219 0.06 L

Entonces:
E = 1.219 + 0.06 * 1.3
E =
E mx.
1.297
m.
W
2N
Donde :

W :
N :
86.60
2.00 ?
Emx = 86.6 / (2 * 2 )
Emx =
21.65
m.
E =
1.297
m.
Por lo tanto :
Pgina 48 de 74

PS
P
E 0.30
E
2
PS
P E 2 0.30
E
Ps = 8 * (1.297 / 2 - 0.30 ) / ( 1.297 )

Ps =
2.15
tn.
Ms =
0.70
tn-m
Ms =
1.040
tn-m
M S 7C
PS * L
4
Ms = 2.15 * 1.3 / 4
M S M S / C * 0.30
Reemplazando:
Mv+i = 1.04 * (0.30)
MV+I =

Ms = 0.192 + 1.04 + 0.312
Ms =
0.312
tn-m
1.544
tn-m

ree.
d = H - dc
asumido
4.00 cm
3/8
dc = 4+0.98+1/2/2
d = 40 - 5.615

Mr =
Clculo de r:
34.39 cm
1.54
Ton-m
fs
fc
r = 1680 / 94.5
17.780
9.660
0.350
Clculo de n:
2100000
15000 f ' c
n = 2100000 / 217371
Clculo de k:
n r
k = 9.66 / (9.66 + 17.78)
Pgina 49 de 74
5.62 cm
Clculo de j:
j 1
k
3
j = 1 - (0.35 / 3)
0.8830
d min
2 Mr * 100000
fc * k * j * b
dmin = RAIZ(2*1.54*1e5 / 94.5*0.35*0.883*0.2 )
22.96
cm

1. Momento ltimo:
M U 1.3 * ( M D 1.67( M S M V I ))
Ms = 1.30 { 0.192 + 1.67 (1.04 + 0.312 ) }
Ms =
3.185
M nr
Mnr =
tn-m / m
MS
0.90
3.540
tn-m / m
As
Mnr
a
fy * ( d )
2
a =
b =
As * fy
0.85 * f ' c * b
3.012
20 cm
As = 3.54 * 100000 / (4200 *( 34.385 - 3.012 /2))
a = 2.56 * 4200 / (0.85 * 210 * 20)
2.56 cm2
3.012

As min = 0.0033 * 20 * 34.385
As min
1.24 cm2
Tomamos el mayor
2.56 cm2

4/8
acero
As/Ab
= 2.56 / 1.29
N de varillas =
Usaremos:
varillas
1/2"

Ec
1 Ct
Pgina 50 de 74
EC 15000 f ' c
E Ce
Ct
EC
ES
E
n s
E Ce
E
C
2
Ece =
n =
=
=
=
1.00
0.00
2100000.00
kg/cm2
kg/cm2
108685.33
19.32
As
b*d
Ab
S
AS

4/8
acero
fc
Clculo de K:
0.0038
fsk
n(1 k )
K ( 2 n 2 2 n)1 / 2 n
K = (0.00001444 * 373.2624 + 2 (0.0038 * 19.32)^0.5) - 0.0038*19.32)

K =
Clculo de Jd:
Jd d (1
0.317
K
)
3
Jd = 34.385 (1 - 0.317 / 3 )
Jd =
30.75
Clculo de fs:
fs
Ms
AS * Jd
fs =
Clculo de fc:
fc
4462.09 Kg/cm2
40.36 Kg/cm2
fs * K
n(1 K )
fc = 1680 * 0.317 / (19.32 * ( 1 - 0.317 )

fc =
Traccin en el acero
:
:
0.45f'c =
0.40f'y =
94.50 Kg/cm2
1680 Kg/cm2
w 1.1 f scara 3 dc * A 30,000

f scara
fs
H Kd d Kd
f Scara f s
H Kd
d Kd
fscara = 1680 * (0.4 * 100 - 0.317 * 34.385) / (34.385 - 0.317 * 34.385)

fscara =
2081.67 Kg/cm2
Pgina 51 de 74
2 * dc * b
N de var illas
A = 2 * 5.615 * 0.2 * 100 / 2

A =
112.30 cm2
w = 1.10 * 2081.67 * (5.615 * 112.3) ^ 1/3

w =
19593.61

mayor de 30,000
Pero : w < 30,000.00

Entonces =
Por lo tanto:
Usaremos:
19593.61 ok!
CUMPLE!
varillas
1/2"

Asintermedio
0.258
cm2

3/8
acero
As/Ab
= 0.258 / 0.71
N de varillas =
Usaremos:
0
varillas
3/8"

Assuperior
1.935
cm2

4/8
acero
As/Ab
N de varillas =
Usaremos:
= 1.935 / 1.29
2
varillas
1/2"

V PP
Wd * L
2
Vpp = 0.192 * 1.3 * / 2
Vpp =
0.125
tn.

Pgina 52 de 74
E 1.219 0.06 L

Entonces:
E = 1.219 + 0.06 * 1.3
E =
1.297
m.
Emx =
21.65
m.
Reemplazando :
0.3485
Reemplazando :
2.15
Tn.
Reemplazando :
0.65
Tn.
6.241
tn.
5.282
tn.
E mx.
b'
E
0.30
2
W
2N
Vs / c
b'*8
E
Vi 0.30 * VS / C
d.- Cortante total:
Vu 1.3 * V PP 1.67VS / C Vi
Vu = 1.3 *(0.1248 + 1.67(2.15 + 0.65))
Vu =
Vc 0.53 f ' c * b * d
Vc = 0.53 * RAIZ(210) * 20 * 34.385
Vc =
Vc>Vu
S max 1
d
2
17.1925 cm.
60.00 cm.
S(3/8) =
85.20 cm.
S mas 2 60cm.
AV * Fy
S max para 3 " S
8
3.5 * b
S(3/8) = 2 * 0.71 * 4200 / 3.5 * 20

Por lo tanto:
Usaremos:
3/8"
0.20
Pgina 53 de 74
OBRA
SECTOR
TRAMO
FECHA
:
:
:
:

JR. LOS GIRASOLES
CUADRA 1
Jul-10
1.- GENERALIDADES:
2.1.- GEOMETRAS:
Ancho interno
Altura interna
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
3.40
2.40
3.00
2.00
0.35
10.00
1.78
B ? m.
H ? m.
b ? m.
h ? m.
e ? m.
L ? m.
? m.
87
SECCIN ASUMIDA
2.3.- MATERIALES:
Concreto armado:
F'c = 0.45*f'c
:
:

Ec = 15,000*(f'c)1/2
Acero con Esfuerzo:

Fs = 0.40*f'y
:
:
Pgina 54 de 74
210 ? Kg/cm2
94.50 Kg/cm2
217,371.00 Kg/cm2
4200 ? Kg/cm2
1680 Kg/cm2
2100000 ? Kg/cm2

Concreto armado
2.40 ? Tn/m3

Altura de relleno
:
:
:
2.50 ht ? m.
1.80 Pe ? T/m3.
30.00 ?

Losa superior:
p.p. Losa superior
p.p =2.4 * 0.35 * 1.00
=
=
0.84 Tn/ml
p.p. Terrapln
p.p. =1.8 * 2.5 * 1.00
=
=
4.50 Tn/ml
W1
5.34 Tn/ml
P1
8.00 Tn
p.p. Estructura
p.p =(2*3.4*0.35 + 2*2*0.35 )*2.4
=
=
9.07 Tn
p.p. Carga viva
8.00 Tn

p.p =1.78 *1.00 * 1000 * 3.05
5.43 Tn
22.50 Tn
21.076
Losa inferior:

Rt = 22.5 / (3.4 - 0.35)
W2

Ka = tan^2 30
7.38 Tn/ml
7.38 Tn/ml
0.334 kg/ml
P1 = 0.334 * 1.8 * 2.5

P1
1.5 Tn/ml
2.74 Tn/ml
P2 = 0.334 * 1.8 * (2.5 + (2 + 0.35) )

P2
Factor de carga:
Wu =
W1
W2
P1
P2
=
=
=
=

7.48
10.33
2.10
3.84
Tn/ml
Tn/ml
Tn/ml
Tn/ml
Pgina 55 de 74
33.9014
Pgina 56 de 74

ree.
d = H - dc
4.00 cm
4/8
asumido
dc = 4+1.27 / 2 =
4.64 cm

d = 35 - 4.635
30.37 cm

Mr =
Clculo de r:
fs
fc
r = 1680 / 94.5
11.50
17.780
9.660
0.350
0.8830
Ton-m
Clculo de n:
2100000
15000 f ' c
n = 2100000 / 217371
Clculo de k:
n r
k = 9.66 / (9.66 + 17.78)

Clculo de j:
j 1
k
3
j = 1 - (0.35 / 3)
d min
2 Mr * 100000
fc * k * j * b
dmin = RAIZ(2*11.5 / 94.5 * 0.35 * 0.883 * 100 )

Vud
Vud
Vr =
17.66
Ton
Vud =
20.78
Ton.
92.41
Ton.
Vud = 17.66 / 0.85
b.- Cortante mximo:
Vmx 2.10 * f ' c * b * d

Vmx = 2.10 * RAIZ(210) * 100 * 30.365
Vmx =
Pgina 57 de 74
28.06
cm
Vc 0.53 f ' c * b * d
Vc = 0.53 * RAIZ(210) * 100 * 30.365
Vc =
23.32
tn.
Vc>Vud

M(-)
7.14
Ton-m
As
Mnr
a
fy * ( d )
2
a =
As * fy
0.85 * f ' c * b
1.348
b =
100 cm
As = 7.14 * 100000 / (4200 * 30.365 - 1.348 /2)
a = 5.73 * 4200 / (0.85*210 * 100)
5.73 cm2
1.348

As min = 0.0015 * 100 * 30.365
As min
4.55 cm2
Tomamos el mayor
5.73 cm2

4/8
acero
As/Ab
= 5.73 / 1.29
N de varillas =
Ab * 100
As
S = 1.29 *100 / 5.73

Usaremos:
4/8"
22.51 cm
22.50 cm.

Ec
1 Ct
E Ce
E
n s
E Ce
E
C
2
Ece =
n =
108685.33
19.32
As
b*d
AS
Ab
S
Pgina 58 de 74
EC 15000 f ' c
Ct
EC
=
=
1.00
217370.65
kg/cm2
ES
2100000.00
kg/cm2
AS =
5.73 cm2

4/8
acero
As/Ab
= 5.73 / 1.29
N de varillas =
fc
Clculo de K:
0.00189
fsk
n(1 k )
K ( 2 n 2 2 n)1 / 2 n
K = (0.0000035721 * 373.2624 + 2 (0.00189 * 19.32)^0.5) - 0.00189*19.32)

K =
Clculo de Jd:
Jd d (1
0.236
K
)
3
Jd = 30.365 (1 - 0.236 / 3 )
Jd =
27.98
Clculo de fs:
fs
Ms
AS * Jd
fs = 7.14*100000 / (5.73 * 27.98 )

fs =
Clculo de fc:
fc
4453.44 Kg/cm2
26.86 Kg/cm2
fs * K
n(1 K )
fc = 1680 * 0.236 / (19.32 * ( 1 - 0.236 )

fc =
Traccin en el acero
:
:
0.45f'c =
0.40f'y =
94.50 Kg/cm2
1680 Kg/cm2
w 1.1 f scara 3 dc * A 30,000

f scara
fs
H Kd d Kd
f Scara f s
H Kd
d Kd
fscara = 1680 * (0.35 * 100 - 0.236 * 30.365) / (30.365 - 0.236 * 30.365)

fscara =
2015.65 Kg/cm2
2 * dc * b
N de var illas
Pgina 59 de 74
A = 2 * 4.635 * 100 / 4
A =
231.75 cm2
w = 1.10 * 2015.65 * (4.635 * 231.75) ^ 1/3

w =
22654.47

mayor de 30,000
Pero : w < 30,000.00

Entonces =
Por lo tanto:
Usaremos:
22654.47 ok!
4/8"
CUMPLE!
0.23 m.
M(+)
11.50
Ton-m
As
Mnr
a
fy * ( d )
2
a =
As * fy
0.85 * f ' c * b
2.202
b =
100 cm
As = 11.5 * 100000 / (4200 * 30.365 - 2.202 /2)
a = 9.36 * 4200 / (0.85 * 210 * 100)
9.36 cm2
2.202

As min = 0.0018 * 100 * 30.365
As min
5.47 cm2
Tomamos el mayor
9.36 cm2

4/8
acero
As/Ab
= 9.36 / 1.29
N de varillas =
Ab * 100
As
S = 1.29 *100 / 9.36

Usaremos:
3/8"
13.78 cm
12.50 cm.

Ec
1 Ct
E Ce
EC
2
E
n s
E Ce
Ece =
n =
108685.33
19.32
Pgina 60 de 74
EC 15000 f ' c
Ct
EC
ES
=
=
=
1.00
217370.65
2100000.00
kg/cm2
kg/cm2
As
b*d
Ab
S
AS
AS =
10.32 cm2

4/8
acero
As/Ab
= 10.32 / 1.29
N de varillas =
fc
Clculo de K:
0.0034
fsk
n(1 k )
K ( 2 n 2 2 n)1 / 2 n
K = (0.00001156 * 373.2624 + 2 (0.0034 * 19.32)^0.5) - 0.0034*19.32)

K =
Clculo de Jd:
Jd d (1
0.303
K
)
3
Jd = 30.365 (1 - 0.303 / 3 )
Jd =
27.3
Clculo de fs:
fs
Ms
AS * Jd
fs = 11.5*100000 / (10.32 * 27.3 )

fs =
Clculo de fc:
fc
4081.84 Kg/cm2
37.80 Kg/cm2
fs * K
n(1 K )
fc = 1680 * 0.303 / (19.32 * ( 1 - 0.303 )

fc =
Traccin en el acero
:
:
0.45f'c =
0.40f'y =
94.50 Kg/cm2
1680 Kg/cm2
w 1.1 f scara 3 dc * A 30,000

f scara
fs
H Kd d Kd
f Scara f s
H Kd
d Kd
fscara = 1680 * (0.35 * 100 - 0.303 * 30.365) / (30.365 - 0.303 * 30.365)

fscara =
2047.92 Kg/cm2
2 * dc * b
N de var illas
Pgina 61 de 74
A = 2 * 4.635 * 100 / 8
A =
115.88 cm2
w = 1.10 * 2047.92 * (4.635 * 115.88) ^ 1/3

w =
18273.22

mayor de 30,000
Pero : w < 30,000.00

Entonces =
Por lo tanto:
Usaremos:
18273.22 ok!
4/8"
CUMPLE!
0.13 m.
Ar 0.55 *
AS
L = Luz de clculo
Ar = 0.55 * 10.32 / 1.83

Ar
3.10
cm2

As min = 0.0018 * 100 * 30.365
As min
5.47 cm2
Tomamos el mayor
5.47 cm2

acero
As/Ab
4/8
= 5.4657 / 1.29
N de varillas =
Ab * 100
As
S = 1.29 *100 / 5.4657

Usaremos:
4/8"
23.60 cm
25.00 cm.
5.47 cm2

As min = 0.0018 * 100 * 30.365
As min

acero
As/Ab
N de varillas =
= 5.47 / 0.71
Ab * 100
As
Pgina 62 de 74
3/8
S = 0.71 *100 / 5.47

Usaremos:
3/8"
12.98 cm
12.50 cm.

M(-)
7.14
Ton-m
As
Mnr
a
fy * ( d )
2
a =
As * fy
0.85 * f ' c * b
1.348
b =
100 cm
As = 7.14 * 100000 / (4200 * (30.365 - 1.348 /2))
a = 5.73 * / (0.85 * 210 * 100)
5.73 cm2
1.348

As min = 0.0018 * 100 * 30.365
As min
5.47 cm2
Tomamos el mayor
5.73 cm2

3/8
acero
As/Ab
= 5.73 / 0.71
N de varillas =
Ab * 100
As
S = 0.71 *100 / 5.73

Usaremos:
3/8"
12.39 cm
30.00 cm.

Ec
1 Ct
E Ce
EC
2
Ct
n
Ece =
n =
EC
ES
Es
E Ce
108685.33
19.32
EC 15000 f ' c
As
b*d
AS
AS =
Ab
S
2.37 cm2
Pgina 63 de 74
=
=
=
1.00
217370.65
2100000.00
kg/cm2
kg/cm2

3/8
acero
As/Ab
= 2.37 / 0.71
N de varillas =
fc
Clculo de K:
0.00078
K ( 2 n 2 2 n)1 / 2 n
fsk
n(1 k )
K = (0.0000006084 * 373.2624 + 2 (0.00078 * 19.32)^0.5) - 0.00078*19.32)

K =
Clculo de Jd:
Jd d (1
0.159
K
)
3
Jd = 30.365 (1 - 0.159 / 3 )
Jd =
28.76
Clculo de fs:
fs
Ms
AS * Jd
fs = 7.14*100000 / (2.37 * 28.76 )

fs =
Clculo de fc:
fc
10475.17 Kg/cm2
16.44 Kg/cm2
fs * K
n(1 K )
fc = 1680 * 0.159 / (19.32 * ( 1 - 0.159 )

fc =
Traccin en el acero
:
:
0.45f'c =
0.40f'y =
94.50 Kg/cm2
1680.00 Kg/cm2
w 1.1 f scara 3 dc * A 30,000

f scara
fs
H Kd d Kd
f Scara f s
H Kd
d Kd
fscara = 1680 * (0.35 * 100 - 0.159 * 30.365) / (30.365 - 0.159 * 30.365)

fscara =
1984.92 Kg/cm2
Pgina 64 de 74
2 * dc * b
N de var illas
A = 2 * 4.635 * 100 / 3
A =
309 cm2
w = 1.10 * 1984.92 * (4.635 * 309) ^ 1/3

w =
24551.97

mayor de 30,000
Pero : w < 30,000.00

Entonces =
Por lo tanto:
Usaremos:
24551.97 ok!
3/8"
CUMPLE!
0.30 m.

As min = 0.0025 * 100 * 30.365
As min
7.59 cm2

3/8
acero
As/Ab
= 7.59 / 0.71
N de varillas =
11
Ab * 100
As
S = 0.71 *100 / 7.59

Usaremos:
3/8"
9.35 cm
17.50 cm.
M(+)
1.42
Ton-m
As
Mnr
a
fy * ( d )
2
a =
b =
As * fy
0.85 * f ' c * b
0.722
100 cm
As = 1.42 * 100000 / (4200 *( 30.365 - 0.722 /2))
a = 1.13 * 4200 / (0.85 * 210 * 100)

As min = 0.0018 * 100 * 30.365
As min
5.47 cm2
Tomamos el mayor
5.47 cm2
Pgina 65 de 74
1.13 cm2
0.266

3/8
acero
As/Ab
= 5.4657 / 0.71
N de varillas =
Ab * 100
As
S = 0.71 *100 / 5.4657

Usaremos:
3/8"
12.99 cm
25.00 cm.

Ec
1 Ct
EC 15000 f ' c
E Ce
Ct
EC
ES
E
n s
E Ce
EC
2
Ece =
n =
=
=
=
1.00
217370.65
2100000.00
108685.33
19.32
As
b*d
AS
AS =
Ab
S
2.84 cm2

acero
As/Ab
N de varillas =
fc
Clculo de K:
4
0.00094
fsk
n(1 k )
K ( 2 n 2 2 n)1 / 2 n
K = (0.0000008836 * 373.2624 + 2 (0.00094 * 19.32)^0.5) - 0.00094*19.32)

K =
Clculo de Jd:
Jd d (1
0.173
K
)
3
Jd = 30.365 (1 - 0.173 / 3 )
Jd =
28.61
Clculo de fs:
fs
3/8
= 2.84 / 0.71
Ms
AS * Jd
fs = 1.42*100000 / (2.84 * 28.61 )
Pgina 66 de 74
kg/cm2
kg/cm2
fs =
Clculo de fc:
fc
1747.64 Kg/cm2
18.19 Kg/cm2
fs * K
n(1 K )
fc = 1680 * 0.173 / (19.32 * ( 1 - 0.173 )

fc =
Traccin en el acero
:
:
0.45f'c =
0.40f'y =
94.50 Kg/cm2
1680 Kg/cm2
w 1.1 f scara 3 dc * A 30,000

f scara
fs
H Kd d Kd
f Scara f s
H Kd
d Kd
fscara = 1680 * (0.35 * 100 - 0.173 * 30.365) / (30.365 - 0.173 * 30.365)

fscara =
1990.08 Kg/cm2
2 * dc * b
N de var illas
A = 2 * 4.635 * 100 / 4
A =
231.75 cm2
w = 1.10 * 1990.08 * (4.635 * 231.75) ^ 1/3

w =
22367.08

mayor de 30,000
Pero : w < 30,000.00

Entonces =
Por lo tanto:
Usaremos:
22367.08 ok!
3/8"
CUMPLE!
Ar 0.55 *
AS
L
L = Luz de clculo
Ar = 0.55 * 2.84 / 1.83

Ar
0.85
cm2

As min = 0.0018 * 100 * 30.365
As min
5.47 cm2
Tomamos el mayor
5.47 cm2
Pgina 67 de 74
0.25 m.

acero
As/Ab
3/8
= 5.4657 / 0.71
N de varillas =
Ab * 100
As
S = 0.71 *100 / 5.4657

Usaremos:
3/8"
12.99 cm
0.25 cm.

As min = (2/3) * 0.0018 * 100 * 30.365
As min
3.64 cm2

acero
As/Ab
= 3.64 / 0.71
N de varillas =
Ab * 100
As
S = 0.71 *100 / 3.64

Usaremos:
3/8"
19.51 cm
30.00 cm.
Pgina 68 de 74
3/8


Peso de rueda
:
:
:
:
0.20
0.40
1.30
8.00
Peso de la viga
= 0.2 * 0.4 * 1.00 * 2.4

Wv =
MD
H ? m.
L ? m.
Tn.
0.19 tn/ml
WD * L2
8
MD =

a.- Segn:
m.
0.04 tn/ml
M S / C 0.10 PL
AASHTO :
Reemplazando:
MSC =
1.04
tn/ml

E 1.219 0.06 L

Entonces:
E = 1.219 + 0.06 * 1.3
E =
E mx.
1.297
m.
W
2N
Donde :

W :
N :
9.60
2.00 ?
Emx = 9.6 / (2 * 2 )
Emx =
2.40
m.
E =
1.297
m.
Por lo tanto :
Pgina 69 de 74

PS
P
E 0.30
E
2
PS
P E 2 0.30
E
Ps = 8 * (1.297 / 2 - 0.30 ) / ( 1.297 )

Ps =
2.15
tn.
Ms =
0.70
tn-m
Ms =
1.040
tn-m
M S 7C
PS * L
4
Ms = 2.15 * 1.3 / 4
M S M S / C * 0.30
Reemplazando:
Mv+i = 1.04 * (0.30)
MV+I =

Ms = 0.192 + 1.04 + 0.312
Ms =
0.312
tn-m
1.544
tn-m

ree.
d = H - dc
asumido
4.00 cm
3/8
dc = 4+0.98+1/2/2
d = 40 - 5.615

Mr =
Clculo de r:
34.39 cm
1.54
Ton-m
fs
fc
r = 1680 / 94.5
17.780
9.660
0.350
Clculo de n:
2100000
15000 f ' c
n = 2100000 / 217371
Clculo de k:
n r
k = 9.66 / (9.66 + 17.78)
Pgina 70 de 74
5.62 cm
Clculo de j:
j 1
k
3
j = 1 - (0.35 / 3)
0.8830
d min
2 Mr * 100000
fc * k * j * b
dmin = RAIZ(2*1.54*1e5 / 94.5*0.35*0.883*0.2 )
22.96
cm

1. Momento ltimo:
M U 1.3 * ( M D 1.67( M S M V I ))
Ms = 1.30 { 0.192 + 1.67 (1.04 + 0.312 ) }
Ms =
3.185
M nr
Mnr =
tn-m / m
MS
0.90
3.540
tn-m / m
As
Mnr
a
fy * ( d )
2
a =
b =
As * fy
0.85 * f ' c * b
3.012
20 cm
As = 3.54 * 100000 / (4200 *( 34.385 - 3.012 /2))
a = 2.56 * 4200 / (0.85 * 210 * 20)
2.56 cm2
3.012

As min = 0.0033 * 20 * 34.385
As min
1.24 cm2
Tomamos el mayor
2.56 cm2

4/8
acero
As/Ab
= 2.56 / 1.29
N de varillas =
Usaremos:
varillas
1/2"

Ec
1 Ct
Pgina 71 de 74
EC 15000 f ' c
E Ce
Ct
EC
ES
E
n s
E Ce
E
C
2
Ece =
n =
=
=
=
1.00
0.00
2100000.00
kg/cm2
kg/cm2
108685.33
19.32
As
b*d
Ab
S
AS

4/8
acero
fc
Clculo de K:
0.0038
fsk
n(1 k )
K ( 2 n 2 2 n)1 / 2 n
K = (0.00001444 * 373.2624 + 2 (0.0038 * 19.32)^0.5) - 0.0038*19.32)

K =
Clculo de Jd:
Jd d (1
0.317
K
)
3
Jd = 34.385 (1 - 0.317 / 3 )
Jd =
30.75
Clculo de fs:
fs
Ms
AS * Jd
fs =
Clculo de fc:
fc
4462.09 Kg/cm2
40.36 Kg/cm2
fs * K
n(1 K )
fc = 1680 * 0.317 / (19.32 * ( 1 - 0.317 )

fc =
Traccin en el acero
:
:
0.45f'c =
0.40f'y =
94.50 Kg/cm2
1680 Kg/cm2
w 1.1 f scara 3 dc * A 30,000

f scara
fs
H Kd d Kd
f Scara f s
H Kd
d Kd
fscara = 1680 * (0.4 * 100 - 0.317 * 34.385) / (34.385 - 0.317 * 34.385)

fscara =
2081.67 Kg/cm2
Pgina 72 de 74
2 * dc * b
N de var illas
A = 2 * 5.615 * 0.2 * 100 / 2

A =
112.30 cm2
w = 1.10 * 2081.67 * (5.615 * 112.3) ^ 1/3

w =
19593.61

mayor de 30,000
Pero : w < 30,000.00

Entonces =
Por lo tanto:
Usaremos:
19593.61 ok!
CUMPLE!
varillas
1/2"

Asintermedio
0.258
cm2

3/8
acero
As/Ab
= 0.258 / 0.71
N de varillas =
Usaremos:
0
varillas
3/8"

Assuperior
1.935
cm2

4/8
acero
As/Ab
N de varillas =
Usaremos:
= 1.935 / 1.29
2
varillas
1/2"

V PP
Wd * L
2
Vpp = 0.192 * 1.3 * / 2
Vpp =
0.125
tn.

Pgina 73 de 74
E 1.219 0.06 L

Entonces:
E = 1.219 + 0.06 * 1.3
E =
E mx.
W
2N
Emx =
b'
E
0.30
2
1.297
m.
2.40
m.
Reemplazando :
0.3485
Reemplazando :
2.15
Tn.
Reemplazando :
0.65
Tn.
6.241
tn.
5.282
tn.
Vs / c
b'*8
E
Vi 0.30 * VS / C
d.- Cortante total:
Vu 1.3 * V PP 1.67VS / C Vi
Vu = 1.3 *(0.1248 + 1.67(2.15 + 0.65))
Vu =
Vc 0.53 f ' c * b * d
Vc = 0.53 * RAIZ(210) * 20 * 34.385
Vc =
Vc>Vu
S max 1
d
2
17.1925 cm.
60.00 cm.
S(3/8) =
85.20 cm.
S mas 2 60cm.
AV * Fy
S max para 3 " S
8
3.5 * b
S(3/8) = 2 * 0.71 * 4200 / 3.5 * 20

Por lo tanto:
Usaremos:
3/8"
0.20
Pgina 74 de 74

Diseño Alcant. Marco

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5.

- DISEO DE LOS ALEROS Y LOSA DE FONDO DE LOS CABEZALES

"CONSTRUCCIN CARRETERA NUEVO SAN JUAN - CHAMBIRA"

Mdulo de elasticidad del acero

Peso Especfico de Materiales:

2.4.- ESPECIFICACIONES TCNICAS:

5.1.- PROCEDIMIENTO DE CALCULO:

5.1.1- METRADOS DE CARGAS

p.p. Agua (tirante normal)

p.p. Estructura Losa fondo

Reaccin del Terreno:

Sobre los muros laterales:

Diagrama de Cargas Finales:

1.40 Wd (Carga muerta)

Diagrama de Momento Flector:

Diagrama de Esfuerzo cortante:

5.1.2.- CLCULO DEL REA DE ACERO

Entonces el peralte efectivo ser:

Verificacin del peralte con el mayor momento:

k = 10.58 / (10.58 + 21.33)

dmin = RAIZ(2*0.89 / 78.75 * 0.33 * 0.89 * 100 )

Espesor correcto dmin < d !

5.1.3- VERIFICACIN POR CORTANTE

b.- Cortante mximo:

Vmx 2.10 * f ' c * b * d

c.- Esfuerzo admisible del concreto:

5.1.4.- CLCULO DEL REA DE ACERO LOSA INFERIOR Y MUROS

Se calcular por diseo de rotura:

As = 0.25 * 100000 / (4200 * 11.365 - 0.15 /2)

a = 0.53 * 4200 / (0.85*175 * 100)

Clculo del rea de acero mnimo en losas:

Cantidad de varillas en 1 m. de ancho:

Espaciamiento del acero:

S = 0.71 *100 / 0.53

CHEQUEO POR AGRIETAMIENTO

Ct = Tiene en cuenta el flujo plstico

Cuanta de Acero con el nuevo espaciamiento:

Cantidad de varillas en 1 m. de ancho:

K = (0.00000625 * 448.1689 + 2 (0.0025 * 21.17)^0.5) - 0.0025*21.17)

fs = 0.25*100000 / (2.84 * 10.32 )

Pero fs no ser > 1680 Kg/cm2

Pero fc no ser > 78.75 Kg/cm2

fc = 852.99 * 0.277 / (21.17 * ( 1 - 0.277 )

*Clculo del ancho de grieta:

w 1.1 f scara 3 dc * A 30,000

fscara = 852.99 * (0.15 * 100 - 0.277 * 11.365) / (11.365 - 0.277 * 11.365)

dc centro de gravedad a la primera capa

w = 1.10 * 1230.34 * (3.635 * 181.75) ^ 1/3

El ancho de grieta no ser

Pero : w < 30,000.00

2.- Clculo del rea de acero principal en losa

Se calcular por diseo de rotura:

As = 0.89 * 100000 / (4200 * 11.365 - 0.539 /2)

a = 1.91 * 4200 / (0.85 * 175 * 100)

Clculo del rea de acero mnimo en losas:

Cantidad de varillas en 1 m. de ancho:

Espaciamiento del acero:

S = 0.71 *100 / 2.0457

CHEQUEO POR AGRIETAMIENTO

Ct = Tiene en cuenta el flujo plstico

Cuanta de Acero con el nuevo espaciamiento:

Cantidad de varillas en 1 m. de ancho:

K = (0.00000625 * 448.1689 + 2 (0.0025 * 21.17)^0.5) - 0.0025*21.17)

fs = 0.89*100000 / (2.84 * 10.32 )

dmin = RAIZ(20.89 / 78.75 0.33 * 0.89 * 100 )

a = 0.53 * 4200 / (0.85175 100)

fs = 0.25100000 / (2.84 10.32 )

fs = 0.89100000 / (2.84 10.32 )

dmin = RAIZ(23.923 / 94.5 0.35 * 0.883 * 100 )

a = 6.23 * 4200 / (0.85210 100)

fs = 2.51100000 / (2.84 9.41 )