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ppm is an abbreviation of parts per million. ppm is a value that represents the part of a whole
number in units of 1/1000000.
ppm is dimensionless quantity, a ratio of 2 quantities of the same unit. For example: mg/kg.
One ppm is equal to 1/1000000 of the whole:
1ppm = 1/1000000 = 0.000001 = 110-6
Parts-per notations
Other part-per notations are written here:
Name
Notation
Coefficient
Percent
10-2
Per-mille
10-3
ppm
10-6
ppb
10-9
ppt
10-12
Chemical concentration
ppm is used to measure chemical concentration, usually in a solution of water.
Solute concentration of 1 ppm is solute concentration of 1/1000000 of the solution.
The concentration C in ppm is calculated from the solute mass msolute in milligrams and the
solution mass msolution in milligrams .
Usually the solute mass msolute is much smaller than the solution mass msolution.
msolute msolution
Then the concentration C in ppm is equal to 1000000 times the solute mass msolute in
milligrams (mg) divided by the solution mass msolution in milligrams (mg):
C(ppm) = 1000000 msolute (mg) / msolution (mg)
The concentration C in ppm is also equal to the solute mass msolute in milligrams (mg) divided
by the solution mass msolution in kilograms (kg):
C(ppm) = msolute (mg) / msolution (kg)
When the solution is water, the volume of mass of one kilogram is approximately one liter.
The concentration C in ppm is also equal to the solute mass msolute in milligrams (mg) divided
by the water solution volume Vsolution in liters (l):
C(ppm) = msolute (mg) / Vsolution (l)
Concentration of CO2
The concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere is about 388ppm.
Frequency stability
The frequency stability of an electronic oscillator component can be measured in ppm.
The maximal frequency variation f, divided by the frequency f is equal to the frequency
stability
f(Hz) / f(Hz) = FS(ppm) / 1000000
Example
Oscillator with frequency of 32MHz and accuracy of 200ppm, has frequency accuracy of
f(Hz) = 200ppm 32MHz / 1000000 = 6.4kHz
So the oscillator produces clock signal within the range of 32MHz6.4kHz.
The supplied frequency variation is caused from temperature change, aging, supply voltage
and load changes.
Enter decimal:
Enter percent:
Enter permille:
Enter ppm:
ppm
Enter ppb:
ppb
Enter ppt:
ppt
Moles per liter (mol/L) to milligarms per liter (mg/L) to ppm conversion
calculator
Water solution, molar concentration (molarity) to milligrams per liter to parts per million
(ppm) converter.
c(mol/L)
mol/L
M(g/mol)
g/mol
C(mg/L)
mg/L
T(C)
C(mg/kg)
20
PPM conversions
How to convert ppm to decimal fraction
The part P in decimal is equal to the part P in ppm divided by 1000000:
P(decimal) = P(ppm) / 1000000
Example
C
ppm
The concentration C in parts-per million (ppm) is equal to 1000 times the concentration C in
grams per kilogram (g/kg) and equal to 1000000 times the concentration C in grams per liter
(g/L), divided by the solution density in kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m3):
C(ppm) = 1000 C(g/kg) = 106 C(g/L) / (kg/m3)
In water solution, the concentration C in parts-per million (ppm) is equal to 1000 times the
concentration C in grams per kilogram (g/kg) and equal to 1000000 times the concentration C
in grams per liter (g/L), divided by the water solution density at temperature of 20C
998.2071 in kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m3) and approximately equal to 1000 times the
concentration C in milligrams per liter (mg/L):
C(ppm) = 1000 C(g/kg) = 106 C(g/L) / 998.2071(kg/m3) 1000 C(g/L)
Oscillator with frequency of 32MHz and accuracy of 200ppm, has frequency accu0racy of
f(Hz) = 200ppm 32MHz / 1000000 = 6.4kHz
So the oscillator produces clock signal within the range of 32MHz6.4kHz.
Coefficient /
Percent (%)
Parts per
Parts per
million (ppm)
Ratio
billion (ppb)
trillion (ppt)
1 ppm
110-6
0.0001%
1000 ppb
1106 ppt
2 ppm
210-6
0.0002%
2000 ppb
2106 ppt
3 ppm
310-6
0.0003%
3000 ppb
3106 ppt
4 ppm
410-6
0.0005%
4000 ppb
4106 ppt
5 ppm
510-6
0.0005%
5000 ppb
5106 ppt
6 ppm
610-6
0.0006%
6000 ppb
6106 ppt
7 ppm
710-6
0.0007%
7000 ppb
7106 ppt
8 ppm
810-6
0.0008%
8000 ppb
8106 ppt
9 ppm
910-6
0.0009%
9000 ppb
9106 ppt
10 ppm
110-5
0.0010%
10000 ppb
1107 ppt
20 ppm
210-5
0.0020%
20000 ppb
2107 ppt
30 ppm
310-5
0.0030%
30000 ppb
3107 ppt
40 ppm
410-5
0.0040%
40000 ppb
4107 ppt
50 ppm
510-5
0.0050%
50000 ppb
5107 ppt
60 ppm
610-5
0.0060%
60000 ppb
6107 ppt
70 ppm
710-5
0.0070%
70000 ppb
7107 ppt
80 ppm
810-5
0.0080%
80000 ppb
8107 ppt
90 ppm
910-5
0.0090%
90000 ppb
9107 ppt
100 ppm
110-4
0.0100%
100000 ppb
01108 ppt
200 ppm
210-4
0.0200%
200000 ppb
2108 ppt
300 ppm
310-4
0.0300%
300000 ppb
3108 ppt
400 ppm
410-4
0.0400%
400000 ppb
4108 ppt
500 ppm
510-4
0.0500%
500000 ppb
5108 ppt
1000 ppm
0.001
0.1000%
1106 ppb
1109 ppt
10000 ppm
0.010
1.0000%
1107 ppb
11010 ppt
100000 ppm
0.100
10.0000%
1108 ppb
11011 ppt
11012 ppt
See also
Percentage (%)
Per-mille ()
Electrical units
Math symbols
Numbers