WILJAM FLIGHT TRAINING

Chapter 7.5
Mach/Airspeed Warning System
Introduction
The Mach/Airspeed Warning System provides a distinct aural warning if the maximum operating
speeds of VMO or MMO are exceeded. These airspeeds exist due to structural limitations at low
altitudes, and the handling characteristics of the aeroplane at higher altitudes.
System Architecture and Operation
The system consists of two independent Mach/Airspeed units, which are normally driven by
outputs from the Central Air Data Computer (CADC), via an internal mechanism comprising of
interconnected altitude, and airspeed capsules. A typical system layout is shown below.

If the limiting speed, as indicated by the bugs on the Mach/airspeed indicator is exceeded, an
audio warning (Clacker) will be activated, which can only be silenced if the airspeed is reduced
below VMO / MMO. The system can also be tested at any time by pushing a Test function switch,
which will in turn activate the clacker. Notably this system provides the only audible warning
of over-speed.

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Maximum Operating Airspeed Schedule
The diagram on the next page shows a typical airspeed envelope, where VMO at sea level is
selected to be 340 knots (IAS). This airspeed will remain constant until the aeroplane reaches
approximately 26,000 ft, when the MMO limit of 0.82 is reached.

VMO will then continue to decrease with increasing altitude, if the selected Mach number is
maintained.

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