2016 Sep SEMESTER

CDB 1012
Health, Safety & Environment

Chap 13:
Promoting Safety & Wellness

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RECAPS

1. Describe types of environment

& environmental pollutions
2. Discuss about the environment
management system

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LESSON OUTCOMES
Students should be able to describe
1. Company HSE Policy

2. Employee participation in promoting HSE

3. Safety training and committees
4. Harassment at work
5. Psychological stress
6. General wellness
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SAFETY PROGRAM CONCEPT

Purpose To reduce work-related injury & illness
Content the program should include any policy,
procedure, training that protects workers from workrelated injury and illness while on the job
Concerns promote & reward safe practices at
work, reducing injuries & illnesses at work and
eliminating fatalities at work.

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SAFETY PROGRAM CONCEPT

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Physical and engineering

based programs (controls)
come first.

Procedure to keep hazards

and people apart and
training (administrative)

Personal protective
equipment

HIERARCHY OF CONTROLS
Elimination

Physically remove
the hazard

Substitution

Replace the hazard

Engineering
Controls
Administrative
Controls

PPE
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Isolate people
from the hazard
Change the way people work
Protect the worker with
Personal Protective Equipment

TYPES OF SAFETY PROGRAMS

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Administrative program modify a

workers work process and/or work exposure

Behavioral programs changing employee

attitudes, knowledge or behavior towards
occupational health and safety

Engineering programs

PROMOTING SAFETY
Safety training
Safety committee
Visual awareness
Personal commitment to workplace safety
Incentives

Competition
Company-sponsored wellness program
Teamwork approach

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ADMINISTRATIVE PROGRAMS
Company Safety Policy

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The company and its up top managers are

committed to safety and health

Employees area expected to perform their duties in

a safe and healthy manner

The companys committee extends beyond the

walls of its premises to include customers and the
community

ADMINISTRATIVE PROGRAMS
Safety Committees
Training for committee to successfully carry out their responsibilities
Encourage employee involvement actively create atmosphere of
trust, teamwork, respect and partnership
Be patient. Be reasonable in allowing enough time for the committee
to work
Have goals and objectives and measure them to track progress

X Dont just bring problems, bring also solutions

X DONT discuss topics unrelated to health & safety
X DONT Punish. It creates fear, which inhibits
communication & partnership

X DONT allow Safety Cops

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ADMINISTRATIVE PROGRAMS
Company Sponsored
Wellness Programs
Diet
Exercise

Stress management
activities
Special activities (e.g.
smoking, over-reacting
behaviors)
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ADMINISTRATIVE PROGRAMS
Visual Awareness
Maintaining awareness
(continual process):

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Large billboard

Posters/ signs

Advertisement

ADMINISTRATIVE PROGRAMS
Incentives
Can help promote safety but often misunderstood. A proper
structure will enhance the effectiveness of the programs:
Define objectives
Develop specific criteria
Make rewards meaningful
Recognise that only employees who will participate in an
incentive program know that incentives will motivate them
Keep communications clear
Use non-monetary rewards
Rewarding teams is more effective than rewarding individual
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BEHAVIOURAL
Teamwork

Is a fundamental component of the

Safety Management

Characteristics of effective team:

Supportive environment
Constructive
Team player skill
Clear direction
Team-oriented rewards
Accountability
Positive
Honesty
Tolerance
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The 10 Skills Employers Most Want In 2015 Graduates

1.

Ability to work in a team structure

2.

Ability to make decisions and solve problems

3.

Ability to communicate verbally with people inside and outside an

organization

4.

Ability to plan, organize and prioritize work

5.

Ability to obtain and process information

6.

Ability to analyze quantitative data

7.

Technical knowledge related to the job

8.

Proficiency with computer software programs

9.

Ability to create and/or edit written reports

10. Ability to sell and influence others

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BEHAVIOURAL
Persuasion

Communication that is influential,

motivating and convincing

Projective Communication that is intended to

change peoples minds, gain their commitment, move
them to action, or improve their attitude
Receptive Communication that is passive
approach in which you use listening more than talking
to remove barriers, elicit information, show interest in
the opinions of others, and identify problems

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BEHAVIOURAL
Competition
Employee
Participation
in promoting
safety
Employee/
management
participation
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Emphasise competition between

teams and not individuals

Survey or questionnaires

Interview

Always a good promoter of safety.

Safety is the issue that most
commonly brings management and
unions together

SUMMARY

Safety promotion is to keep employees

focused on doing their work in the safe
way, everyday

A companys safety policy should

convey:

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A company wide commitment

Expectation that employees will
perform their duties in a safe manner
The company commitment includes
customers and the community

Safety training, well-run suggestion

programs, safety committees, employee
management agreement, incentives,
competition can help promote safety if
they are properly applied

PROMOTING SAFETY

Open

22

HARASSMENT AT WORK

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What does bullying mean for you and your workplace?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u7e2c6v1oDs

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HARASSMENT AT WORK
Harassment is
unwelcome conduct
that is based on:
o Race
o Color
o Religion
o Sex (including
pregnancy)
o National origin
o Age (40 or older)
o Disability or
o Genetic information.
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It is unlawful where
1) has to endure the
offensive conduct to
stay on the job, or
2) conduct is severe or
pervasive enough to
create a work
environment that a
reasonable person
would consider
intimidating, hostile,
or abusive

HARASSMENT AT WORK

Unwelcome or unacceptable behavior by one or

more individuals that can take many different
forms

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Harassment occurs when

someone is repeatedly
and deliberately abused,
threatened and/or
humiliated in
circumstances related to
work

HARASSMENT AT WORK
Workplace harassment
can be committed by:
An employer
Worker

Co-worker
Group of coworkers

Client or customer,
or a member of
the public

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HARASSMENT AT WORK

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HARASSMENT AT WORK
Indirect signs of workplace harassment
Negative results
The breakdown of
relationship between
workers, customers or
management
Workers becoming
withdrawn and isolated

Poor worker morale and

erosion of loyalty and
commitment
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HARASSMENT AT WORK
How to respond
to harassment?

Strategies to deal with workplace harassment:

Develop a
harassment
policy
Be informed
Open

Open
communication

Be prompt
Be assertive

SUMMARY
No single control measure
will effectively prevent or
control workplace
harassment

It is important that these

control measures are used
together as part of a
broader strategy for the
prevention of workplace
harassment

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PSYCHOLOGY STRESS
Is simply a reaction to a stimulus
that disturbs our physical or
mental equilibrium
It causes hormones (adrenaline
& cortisol) to surge through the
body
A hit of stress keep us active &
alert
Long-term stress can have
detrimental effects on health
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PSYCHOLOGY STRESS
Stages of Stress
Alarm

Resistance

Exhaustion
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PSYCHOLOGY STRESS
PHYSICAL
(REST/HEALTH)

LIFE EVENTS
(LOSS/DRAMA)

Causes
of
STRESS

INTERNAL
(EMOTIONAL)

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ENVIRONMENTAL
(HOME/FRIENDS)

SCHEDULE
(WORK/ACTIVITIES)

JOB STRESS
Harmful physical & emotional responses that occur when
the requirements of the job do not match the capabilities,
resource, or needs of the worker

Stress

Peoples natural reaction to

excessive pressure

Health Concern

Overly
Stressed
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Worker may be more prone to

unintentionally forget safety precautions
Safety Concern

JOB STRESS
Stress contribute to ~ 50% of loss working days in
Europe

Should be viewed as organizational issue rather

than individual fault
Can be managed as any other workplace safety &
health risk
Poor work design, organization & management
and poor social context of work can lead to work
related stress, burnout or depression.

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JOB STRESS
e.g. of causes of job stress
Excessive workloads
Conflicting demands and lack of role clarity
Lack of involvement in decision making the
affect the worker

Poorly managed organizational change, job

insecurity
Ineffective communication

Psychological & sexual harassment

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JOB STRESS
Job demand
a
Stress
or
Challenge
Job demand cannot
be met

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Supportive
environment

Exhaustion

Motivated

Feeling of stress

Relax and satisfied

May lead to illness,

injury, job failure

Healthy &
productive work

JOB STRESS

- Signs & symptoms

Physical

Emotional
Short temper

Headache

Depressed

Sleep disturbance

Low morale

Low energy

Feeling overwhelmed

Aches, pain, tense muscle

Avoid others

Upset stomach
Frequent colds &
infections
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Stress Risk Management

1. Identify the
risk factors
5. Monitor &
review

4. Record your
findings

http://www.hse.gov.uk/STRESS/standards/
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2. Who can be
harmed & how

3. Evaluate the
risks

What to do about Job Stress?

Manage time & job duties think about what triggers
stress for you at work, focus on 1 or 2 thing you can do
that will help to reduce most stress, e.g.
Talk to your manager expectation, performance, to
clear up issues
Your job get organized, do not put things off, learn to
say NO, focus, concentrate, delegate
Take care of yourself unplug, be realistic, reward
yourself, schedule time for fun, practice breathing &
relaxation techniques

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GENERAL WELLNESS

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GENERAL WELLNESS
Worker Wellness
Higher profits = Job security

Healthy employees = higher

productivity, less absenteeism
Provide exercise options =
physical health and stress relief
Provide healthy foods and
healthy lifestyle education

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GENERAL WELLNESS
Student
Wellness

Career

Physical

Social
Emotional

Environmental Intellectual
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Financial

CONCLUSION

Increased
performance
Build up worker/
student health profile
Reduces risk of
injury and illness
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