Etica-In-Afaceri Pagina 65

CUPRINS
INTRODUCERE.............................................................................................................
Unitatea de nvare 1
NOIUNI GENERALE DE ETIC
1.1. Introducere.................................................................................................................
1.2. Obiectivele i competenele unitii de nvare........................................................
1.3. Coninutul unitii de nvare...................................................................................
1.3.1. Conceptul de etic n afaceri............................................................................
1.3.2. Introducere n etica afacerilor..........................................................................
1.3.3 Conceptul de etic i alte concepte conexe...
1.3.4. Rolul i funciile eticii n societate...................................................................
1.4. ndrumtor pentru autoverificare...............................................................................
Unitatea de nvare 2
NORMELE MORALE
2.1. Introducere.................................................................................................................
2.2. Obiectivele i competenele unitii de nvare timp alocat..................................
2.3.1. Conceptele de moral i moralitate.................................................................
2.3.2. Legea moral i normele sociale......................................................................
2.3.3. Norme i libertate. Structura normelor............................................................
32.4Specifumlnora .
32.5pPrinlecmoa .
Unitatea de nvare 3
VALORILE MORALE FUNDAMENTALE
3.1. Introducere.................................................................................................................
3.3.1. Valori morale, noiune.......................................................................................
3.3.2. Subiectivismul.Materialismul...................................................................................
3.3.3. Specificul valorilor morale........................................................................................
3.3.4.Teorii etice standard...................................................................................................
3.3.5.Etica virtuilor...................................................................................................
Unitatea de nvare 4
ETNICAFR
4.1. Introducere.................................................................................................................
4.3.1. Concepte teoretice ...................................................................................................
4.3.2. Interesul raional- Niveluri de aplicare ale Eticii n afaceri.............................
4.3.3. Afaceri n perspectiv microeconomic............................................................
4.3.4. Valori i principii ale Eticii n afaceri.......................................................................
4.3.5. Responsabilitatea social Concept.................................................................
5
Unaitdevr5
RESPONATBILC
15o.Indutrce
25.Obiectvlompnudarct
35.Coniutldevar
65
65
6
35.1Afacerinptvsoml
35.2RolunmagetiEvcr
35.CoduleticnDrfapsoducilret
6
70
70
45.ndrumtopevaifc
79
Unaitdevr6
RESPONATBILCONEXT
83
EUROPAN
16o.Indutrce
26.Obiectvlompnudarct
36.Coniutldevar
83
83
48
84
36.1Gndireaptvcoxu
36R.2nelvagobizrptucf
36S.bustenilavdozrcmg
36m.4pIlicauebstnfro
68
89
91
93
46.ndrumtopevaifc
Unaitdevr7
97
AFCERION
17oIn.dutrce
27Ob.iectvlompnudarct
37Con.uiltdvear
97
89
9
9
37.1Acionargme
37.2Afacerionsumt
37.Afaceringj
37.4Resurmanipctlfdv
013
104
105
107
47.Indrumtopevaifc
Unaitdevr8
AFCENRITOL
18o.Indutrce
28Ob.iectvlompnudarct
38Con.uiltdvear
38.1mProbaleticfund
38.2pPrincdebazltfo
38.Cultrasiecnf
38oP.4mbreltic,gadfun
1
1
12
12
13
14
15
38oP.5mbrelticnpvdagusor,blemin
16
optecriamudl
48.ndrumtopevaifc
..
17
6
INTRODUCE
DiscplnaEterfumdiscanot,rluSe.CdispnfcxatmulArisoe,dcanvm"tior.elEcsdfa"nouptlircmae,govdzltisrcuneaolvisc;tnrmedoualspztigencuo"
nEstecriplaudvm nseorctip-lav.Cdnemt,sioapulrdgemnstio.Edacrezm,untilsopcerambjftinldur.
Caurmpetficlno, aEferiupconmltas,dverzilgsfupndceraoil,tmdeprgsunaolixmcternupailteo,nfcsugiraetmn,pzlcofervimapbluctn.
Pebuazdstoirncl, emurasctpolin zmraefdt,sicvoblnegurfatisc,enmovau trbis-ezpnm,uldrsectoimnal.

Impnletarcosifdnetmarcibo,ndusleravicptoflesrunzatcmi
Obiectvlurs
Obiectvlprnamus:
bSilrtaeongmcuv";
nDirefaEtc;
PrecizauobltdsE;
RealizrunsctoE;
CunoaterlicfEs;
bSilrtaempocn .
Conmpetcfri
Duparcgesti,ndlvfmur:
-snidtfecrm,laop uneicxadrlspofe;
-sutilzecornmdpa ulfie;s
- sdefinac/omlzpt fi;s
- sargumentzolicfprdean,gjloi;
- safiepbcldnztvosrauciml.
- sdecrit,pofnm ralei;
- sptranucioeldbaurs;
- srealizndcompt uiv;l
- sdenitfcobulEatin;
- srecunoalifmtscea.
uRrseoimajlcd
Cursldipnemac,tvulsdenoripmatbcIueosrfdinpz,watlecrgunoiptcedmlsua.niovr,peztusclnfihmado-vze,trcipadnuestlorcaizveptnoulrda.
7
vAitcuoralespdfmntic,orpgaulfe:
1.
Prezntagiumlcsdoenrtiuamlzforpvieg1t!(a)
2. Explicanesmjortvuil,fxaebprodnmg,ieua!t(1or)
3. Roluipzangjrecmd.(1o)
uSactrsil
Cursoletmpcdin8va:
Unitaedvr1. 2Unitaedvr3. 4Unitaedvr5.
Unitaedvr6.
Unitaedvr7. 8
mTedcontrl(C)
NOUIGERALDCT(2ore)MOE
VALORIEMFUNDT2o(re)
ETNICAFR2o(re)
RESPONATBILC
RESPONATBILCREONTXUPA
(2ore)
(1ore)
AFCERION2o(re)TAILE1
1. Eticaunvldezorm-s.(3)
2. Enticafer,os?(2).
2. pRbonesliatcxEur.(2e)
Desfuraotmldcnvfeuarisplctvomeubi:
oBibaglfert:
3.
Baumn,Z.oGblreizfctsadmMuCone,BrctiEA204.
.2Carol,ABKuchtzsinedSy:EakolrMmgnth,4dieCcaSu-Wsr20.
3.Cuto,IiNTedrscampnluti,orcEdanmBueti,197
4. oFrianl,M.sfegBuctEdraGmonIil,195.
5. Grifths,M.RLucaJEolnmd,Mi196
oMdaetvlur:
mExenualficstdp r,ubmfonetiglspcdrabument,psil(frag)cdebisumforpla(vznet),diou-scparlvetizuamodnclresti.
8
aUnteidvr1
NOIUGERALTC
Cuprins
1.
21.
31.
oIndutrce
Obiectvlompnudar
Coniutldevar
Councepltdiafr
oIndutrceiafl
Councepltdiax
Roluinfcetsa
ndrumapeotvifc
1.3
21.3
31.
41.3
41.
1.oIndutrce
Dinpuctdevrmogl,"a ntiec:
THEOSom(er)=pidal,tunco bier,act;
KETHAIristo(el)=nuac.
EDinT"HOSvadtercuIC,slin"pmorautzdegcnisprolmtauen.
uPenptrc,omdasifnhuetlmo(ri),ab/ScPtnCeofri,a
virtuii ( Aristotel), a p lcerii (Arist ip), a idealului social.
Etica
aprutc
ramur d stinct acunoteri,
datoriul
Socrate.Cdnisplfx
timpul
Aristoel,
careitlunvm"dor.e
Eticaesdfn"r
ueopc
c
studil
prinlocmaue,gt
de
vozltare
ist oric, cu
coninut ul orldecasiu
n
asocil;
totalitatea
normelo r deconuit
moral corespunztoare ideologiei u nei clase
uosaciet.
1.2Obiectvlompnudar
Obiectvlunda:
-
bSilrtaeongmcuv";
nDirefaEtc;
PrecizauobltdsE;
RealizrunsctoE;
9
- bSilrtaeongmcuv";
- Pecizaruobltds;
- RealizrunsctoEafei;
- CuonaterlicfEs;
- bSilrtaempocn .
Competnluidvar:
- studenivorpafc imorl;
- studenivorpclaez
Etica;
studenirbocaluniEtc.;
studenirbmacpuotlrnizmaefd,sticvoblngurfeatisc,nmovauetrbis-zpnm,c;
msepuinlgracot ifuEnscea,rmpdtoblnaemri;
estncaropfudmi gerasoutlbifc;
arfioteulpncdsmailtenpuobgrfsatliucemr,sfazonpteldbEic;
- inerauodsclzgtmfSai;
-studenivorpalczgtednb/riu,o alsc.
Timpoulcatn:2re
1.3nCouiltdvear
1.3Councepltdiafr
Aspectlonmiurdjvaspbltoecirvundzapecrotlmidnugesbcoral:itmnsu.
Activae,orndsfucitlema,produsbniltcaers,fngupomilatcrevsoimcaldfrtveuin.Coarspectlinvaomrdectgi,pulzarnoesbticpdreavstf
10
ncerilutogpsa fecvdtirpolsmecau(gnidtkhorlfes):cumiad,ngjt.
Epticanrezmfoudlgacntipremudolavr,ncteifpom.
Deuindt,rcoplamgisubtnedfr:coa mnli,tperzobcudsialt.Denmrgoactipemrlnuvaos-i(mr),deunptlmoraisdenu.
Aadr,putemconsi rauelti,movnbsdpcretauoiml.AcsenparofWudgb,csetirpznm"aulgodcitpremuna,glicsdtfepnarbium,ceolpdnsairmuevl-noat.
31n.2trodIuceiafl
Lmapdvrie,stuonlcafiedumrtsclafopbednurmsicotevagnr.lObsmcuietafxoprsmcu,leinatfgbmsurceiolnavzteciafr.
Lanoi,termulcpsfdiert.nmul,ca-iteovurmbcadnlspeifortu
Eticanferspodunmcresztlapioren.tCmpaulicsfdrtznevlacisfurodtmelciapngjt.Rsreloicbupnatrelsocim nxutae.
Eticapromveznul,sdtacnrjeim,lust.crndfaepmogul:Sni!,rfAtjo-apelRcsinC!,raumevRspcto-indrul.
31.pContuceldia x
Diconxarupletvmb[EX1]dfiacosplnuredtizcmoa,ngvleiutr.oCmfdcnaxplvbietsonmucral.
nDicoarulexptvdmkg,scoinreauldtpvgcsehoruami,tnpclore.Sdsmaintr-oepc,umsia;efolrtdcnspiealurmbnt.
1
mTenurldticspaofentcrdilmaopun,terdlimsapco.Eetinbluar.
nselarg,ticvdzoemnartiv.
Aloiaurtnsdcem vplaitnesfcrou tmldeic.Tnr sftuazldcein,rsobpfueciltragmn.

Suntoiarcedspvuntmacodeibzprlgacenmtzouid.Ecarebltsngirupomeadfcbn.
Societlmruansdpgetovarinusdpce:fgmarlbonisdeczt,fgmarploneiscdratl.PenoisucatgrhkdelipcsnRomadtrie;hklfumna.
Deintrmukldshoapvbgez(fcntrmuldaki)szembp,xrnluitadscSpomuelrnabitcs .
nTermulgzsctakhodepurilafctdsnveirmloca;utd,esgrpilajocnmd,uritespocanldritv(cefguan),rimplovctefarimbpls.Shodecnfria
nacestox,pilunatrgesoimpczvurtanloesicmra:gj,lnoditeufrzpcmanestivocmraldfite
Dacetihskdourlnmcaei,dsmtunrcoeaibfzdpurme,ntcvoilabsfr.
Eticeorflasmncupzideobtrsa.
Eticmnoavrseflud itnorme,vacgl.
Considerm,avfltocnermudispalo.Atfe,cidnbalprsofzceitngbuopmsreadfcn.i
Eticaferlonusp,cifndamtuelro.E siapdetuflcvonmsbia.luerctsmobifrextacnm,uldisferc.
nopiastrdefcnavorduitmlzcpenasoridubl,ceangjportiu
12
partenidfc,loumspeatrindclbsuoept.
Enticaferpobdsvmcniroe.
nDpivectrsoma ,fzngulsitecom;pra dsitn,ucolarefs.
Sistemulpogba,cdrjfinolemactdrsuniezolacmb,trspdinuoe:
pdturelaosibnfc vptr;
libertadgnumpcvzebris;
liberuacnsmfotpvdbri
servic.
ntreagliucompzfnredastboimpldefacr.Dtisnpugacred,timsponluafcer.dsptmioaurlcn.ed,bzpxiaulorcndv,etsmiugpr.aojedltins,rcuvafm.
ncredaibulotsmceran
dver:
4. ncredaliuofz:stprendacifmo,tezlscimra,dopntuel.cisavorbdmpetnlug,caoirstfempn.Acagirsetobldcfapirnmzueslodcf.antrmiecp,ashmbuliredcztpnsvolaucidfertzplacumrvesfit.
.2
3.
ncredalioumst:vzrcgnedaulisto,cmnperiavlutcn.Cieapdlvztorus/ceaipm,onrfleti.
ncredaliugj:bteacordmnil,subor.Ucatde lmibunocar,eft gjilodnc,areuft
Enticaferspombzuaicte.nvorsu:
muncsaofliterdgp c.
pRectsfadmnolrjuigv ea,cntrlob.
pRectsardonfilmutrea:dcslifomer,dcutnfaizlregodxti.
nSsibeltafdco r.Aupnestailbr
13
nptruevzoalcsfi.
oCntipfesralv,dxcuonitprdev,calomnifstredczlauompnfsir.
Loialtebuncrd,v-soligaemnud,-cvlteafibh.
mSiulresponabt,dcoseinlrpatdz,cumeoprisbnlta.
pRectsardouilb,pnertacomblidpvtarescmnoifl.
pRectsarfinum,bd ceprjnitoalu,msecrpnit.a
Exuempl
pOlicareftvnudsaeormlijcnvg a,utroiblpesnczmraoeilntpudrcaelgisomntdprcauli,eomntrascvepilmbojrdteang.il
naldoierpcstu nearimbludctovneiarglmtzopckehsdaringtvomcl.arendpsuotilcaremdjsbnvtioalmcerubdtvoialzrenm.
mTe
Datfindpulcseor zaticvlnume,ratiocbuesxndrtoicmfealdrunitbseapfocu-rtdig.
nGdicazurptelfvoncirteuma.
Exuempl
Prileuncotaspfdmeilcsrtngoa.Ducdlrtivmeasfonucitmeral,pnvzoitducrmagel,jionstcaefrmdzultosaiecnr,uflamiexst.
oSdnecrsitbpflauicomervlsaxtoiedrcp:
npluos,edcri atgnvzcioemrlaf,dupnoictservumaxnicodrestfapulnvizmorcedtavpi.
14
oscietamrlpvzoaeisghdunrmtcpoevafibudlcnrgstpoi.f
Oaborde,cglmnviuz doleafcr,stinuoemavr,listchpneboudarmicntspoedfguram:
aTeocnriutls
Teoriacnutlspvmbeoriuctanvlm.PeoihpraAstfldnmucegrpiabvs:ltone,curfizpmdltneao.
Celd-aoinv,umtcrselabzonimtrup.Ulvoensictraum-,blegiorantdmulce.Ubriantgo,ezcraldpitngojecr,fuldmsipteobgalfc,nuimrdptejzla.
pHernoim(Uavls)
5. bLertaipsonl;
6. uSritecafzbnl;
7. Particpeol;
8. pDtureldnafimo;
9. pDtureldoia;
10.
mDnegitalprufcso.
CountralcM-Si(Gb)
Spaiumorlbe;
Consimbtuerlpa;
Cobmpilatuechnr.
CountralcMi-SGb()
Snumilaegocr;
Sonrezitacl;
Sacorziptenlgj;
Sofericuldmnsg;
S-ipltegobafsc;
Soptejrziumdlnac.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
41.3uRolinfcetas
Scopmuldersitzna.Mecistumxdpnaolrei,cdstunghpraelmiovrascet.
Rolueticsajmndecistmabnf,prielgcaunsvtmoreil.Ucsdta,nureildocastnrmivzdoutae,lnp-fimodrauctenl.
CunotsclfipzemhSar,dcnuoviemalprstoei,ducmnpfarsoteicu,pnrsaoezl.Ptcdnrmiavuep octr,lns:Veudi(avo).
15
Nomicredtanu-lfpb,oejsigcrafdulpeoatcrsin.g,umetavsidlrbozme,axpunftrlizseconamrl,tuid sepnbr,tc.
Eticanesurpolzifadet,cuvnbolgrfecautism,novacuetrbis-mpn.
Aceptarudilomsnezvtroal,picsenmutarpzicosgenlt.Marxidmpu,ecnstvlaiproguc.Imdbelzitvp(uranc,oedhlti)prazucegodvnsli,pruceotvdzlairpucebotvha(lidxrpgntemoai).
bOiecanfrvtmpodul aetrinsfplucaezgmoisdrpnbltfae.Cucvi,sponrdalmuvbteisnc.DroafldueptsiEgrodncamvulsibetrpdncomulasbitefrdpcalonsetimpdrualson.bLeticgmr:alpeson.
oPmbrelacntuis:
Cbearutisfcm(n,dpoe)?Cuartbis-jcmplneo?
Cubmtreis-apldfmtrieca?
Cescopurintdmafv?Cesclibunmoda
Cefldpnrsoabuti?
Casounczilm,retjasdci mbnef,prtsalgicumovernpalidt.
41.ndrumapetovifc
nStezaiudvr1
mTenurldoapvitsfcrelauitmndc.Erepzfoautilgmncpreudolmiatvr,ncefpomi.
Deuindt,rcoplamgisubtnedfr:coa mnli,tperzobcudsalitn.Dmer gocptiemralnuv os-mi(ra),deunptlmorais denuAar,mpotsice
16
eticapdornmu,lvaisbdeprconutiaml.
Societlmruansdpgetovarinusdpce:fgmarlbonisdeczt,fgmarploneiscdratl.
Eticapoefdnblrszeaitgnupromsdeafcbin.
Normeluancpdt:emalivunpr.
mNoelraptfidvnz:cgesural,omtipnecsal.Adoirtzealcvnum.
Enticaferpzodumlvicneastorldubi,ceangjportuidefc,lnmatosrpe.
nDpivectrsoma,fzngulsitecom;pra dsitn,ucolarefs.
Dinpersctvmo,aiuncred.
pContecirmdu
Etic,
idoealc,snb/ru
coret/gui,v
cadrunombtive,l.
ntrebidoclmza
1. nDiefEtcaprzgolm.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
CarestobiculdE?
PrecizauolEnts.
Caresunotpmblc i?
Eticarelgu snmxpiatfbeur?
Eticagesldrno?
Eticapresunlg?
Epticanrezmodl tascie?
Consideratcm-fsvideacrnRom?GpusigtaenlrbEcpgi?
nGdirpusgmaetlbEcnziodmprtaesc?
Analizpcretfuosimercaldtnp svomecarni!
Testvduar/lo
1.Epticanrez:
a) dniscplofz;
b) conduitamrlvz;
c) oundceitma.
17
20.
Eticaes:)or;bpnmv.
3.Eticagesldrno?)ueaicsrlg;
b)estvalidounrp g;
c)etiadsrznglmuocier.
.4 Eticapresunlg?
a) d;a
b) eapotindcusmbrlea;
c) nu,legatjodr-imc.
5. Eticaferlos:
1)etipcalfro;
2) unsifdamtelcro;
3)estoicnm.
.6 Eticapoefbrdnsv:
a) moacrils;
b) moicrne;
c) moacrnei.
Exemplifcagourtndmeoalsrictz!
oBibaglfert
1.BURCEANL,nticaferbOdopsvE.UitaBucre,201:
21.
COVEYSTPHNdticauerlfnsobzpci,EdAlBekurst208
3. DANCURI-Eticanfer.Osuod,ASBtic
205
22.
23.
6.PRAUTNISEFManuldecomirgfvICuncaesiolNgrEd.Pm,But20
7. GTUIABRELticaferlounsm-d.,B204
ADCOINESUMRL ticanferEdo.Bbl,us207
NASRCEDIUMT,OX N-ticagsnoerf,Ed.
TSECIH,Bucresti201
18
Unaitdevr2
NORMEAL
Cunpsri
12.
2.
32.
12.3
2.3
32.
42.3
52.3
62.3
41.
oIndutrce
Obiectvlompnudar
Coniutldevar
Conceptldmrai.
gLeamorlincs
Normeilbta.
Spueciflnorma.t e
nPciprleoma
mSiluetcosanr
ndrumapeotvifc
12n.trodIuce
mTenurloadszci,numblgderaofvtiuscmnezrpaoit.Edsnezracobit
destuinacofmrl,
urai.l
se mnificativ
T ermenul deo ntologie des emneaza
gobatilencudrpfs,oaietgblrmncpfs,aexidutormlpca.
dnecitas
bielus
mnoelrd conduita si
Onormestguld
omportament, avnd o v alabilitate
supraindividual, explicit enunat
vlaneuicot
standorecuib,lptadnreivz.
Viaocslnet sistem
odempcnrta
indvuale
munifoe,r
standardi zate, fr
decaron
continuitatea societii nuarfiposble.
Modelmnativr
onrpceazudgltxiv,cnpoaefrsmdizlt,cnuapre.Asfiloanrmetzcvdil
2.Obiectvlomnpudar
Obiectvlunda:
n-suireaodmlt;
-Precizatsuplofmn;-Aicaretoudj
-Stabilrendfozc,mralite;
-Stabilreunsmodvcplafier;-Enuovmdtal
19
- nDirefactzlgmo;
- nDriefacotml;
- nDirefpabosltm,c eri
Competnluidvar:
-studenivorpafc mrlinoate;
tudsenivorcalpfmudjie,gcrntazslp;
studenivorpafcmdjui,atnovrgel;
msepuinoractlepzmndajuric;
- studenivorca mj;
- rafioteulpncdsmailtenpuobgrfsatliucemr,foatlie;
- inerauomdlcs-vtibuanreodcs,figmuaprnteolxicmrandbtevuzi.
- studeni,prlaocmbtuelivsoca,rbdnzueplistrmcva;
Timpoulcatn:4re
2.3Conuiltdvear
12.3Conceptldmrai
mEotigc,luvnrapdejtiMOS-R,IncarsmvoudgeilMORALIS,achEos.tmbnrpeuivloa(m)dnbt,iurzml-aposfdetc(in),bgra.Molsdecuit
aMolrpezintvcg,udorlpeisntmfca,oregulidtmnsca ezompunrtliavde,pcmntriaos(fle,gupnitac)dorle:b,uptanicoresmazpntioeublc.
20
Maorlmiptenfdcsubormivenal-t(dsogc),bzepniatru.
Maorlepzintsm"ubdcvr,oepanmilufdecotvairnluscotgde,ipabl.Mrsnctifaeoupmlrdctniesa".
npolitc,admsreubf-ica,dmne.trulpfsicUnoartdemulsgatvipr.Recmonlativpubc(ol,ifesnrat.)
Moralestpdncbiv.Doarstueimvndlueprobscifma.
nsemailrg,otcupdfneiamorl,ctdefujisntmlorae,v c.
Oricemoalnstzp iv.Cualenct,sbrfmoeaniptucsdreafiotvmp(cndsr).xDelu,ciptv:noefarmsuic.Untovepdul:icrbsfaomne.Mixplct,dvrsfe(moai)pltcnurbsf imoae.

ncredapubli,zostmfnreaiuc tnslor,bhaiemuptcd.
Maortelipznmfscvaorleitudn,fsepcirmoal.Dtsnfvompceial,t mudehrcoxpalivten.
Oasemnuticpoblrendvuagiscl,frdtopmbaenictprdenmasucfoil.naets,FdrSvcpboiealtfnm,vegoradipcPs:mutenraipb,clvotenruifadcponvbeil.
aMolitresdunmv ail.Mortxepcbuisfamenrtcdamfiol,bevrpntia.
uPenotrmaiblgdf c,oraimltepzu:
aEticreunogvxpla;MrectoigmaMlrectpi.
32L.aegmolrinsc
xNuistepondr,fvlcauizeprsf,vaocilnuemrgtp-sdci,nogerultsc.Dpmdoainre
21
fizcserlanomu,tdgicvaenrum,todilgseanmobrutpclaen.i
oKanltfsecupdgrinteac.Spodsbrlginu,etacs"blri.mnpgeuatsocrfnmplg,ea"(Ktivon)slcrmfeabupto.
aLegmorlnuctds,eaijxmplurntosci,deaurptg.Lmolinedafcb,trzsviuloeam,tc.Prnsguepoidat,rclzunbeimdstaglrcunie.Lmobtl,arcupsefi.
gLeamorlpcsbzdtiaoure,lvn:mibtaeprso,nlcuimdberta.
Rspunrileoabm ftducn,obiersalmtc.iDoraunesfltvAcidopm,naeslu ifrntbmdecasuiprofm.
Legartbuisxfpc elorma,intzuspceorlgab.Tifmnteulcrdpsoabinfelucrtm.a
oPanersulictdb fevnia.umlcro sdanetucmrfpiv odat.
nTermuldo"stficagbreup sondcviae,ul"ormdicnfe,gul.Normatpsfcerinom,lastgpeciranospectv.Amli,nraufoepvctgaisurl.Remnoptfcasrgieumblo.
Normel,adnuvit xseroalinpvdbcug,tesoiaprclntgesfmbidopaucrtensdapilocetusgr.
Normna,c"shlviegp(tdornsuiez)gtcorpdnusalie.D,"Crmtfo:aluceiDnrom,feditualrcnszhdeo.j
Normelvuazdtcsionreapldtvuignmsecaot:pl,girs.
Normelsuciantp,v rmaiuleodt:
suntierzacolmp dutingoervlascp;
2
unstrecomda,pbl suconitearjgdvlmbusociet;
sungtobalircemp donsvreaiclt.
Nerspctanomlideupcortamnv,idleornscia.Cfmuelnordcsbitmaupezol-(rs)ncitvaepozmrl(itvsaugne)fcdporlitunaes,cmfoirluapevtcsoi.Ogndrmfahlezvuic"o ;gndraepvuloicst,mhbaredpgc(oinf),vua"st.
mNoelrbatuispncvrl,ateuispfbcornd,e.Elatuisbcroev:nudpic,stmoberaulnidvcftpozeurmnaiv.
Unaivlsmerupcxtgnaileobv,cstfxrunadei jplotvcraheni,fltopudaexis.Ccroznvltuxiseargcpnmltoefriagu.vUnslt,cexiogrpnualsdteiomvcralst.
aRtivelsmuncxdobr,ivesal.Efnucmtori.
aRtivelsmund,prcxiubsoatlegdcprn,bsaui;oetcnrubilsatdenmvuizlorpcaest.nUvdiuopcrelastnfiucterzsmodnvaljicetur,mxfdplnsbai,cvutedrnsig,lpumdnecrfivumal.
aRtivelsmucrdfn"pgaeit,csbunrpdeltcafix.Dmu,nrdoezcsivaltfpurmogei,ancvtlspduermonact.Ddsziuervoaltgnpcdmr,uiaetlvopndcrmx.Nuistepvnalcdzuirespot,nadmceristuvagn.
32.mNoerilbtauScn
Onormapfistldecuonrambpil,sdegDozaruMsipef,dcmnuartseli.Tod,nrmabfsuldcoit
23
ounmpcertas,il-dopnutamcrf,xeNspiauCtferc,mdv inapturs,feldi.c
Oricenomsadzugbtl,pefcnmairu votslef.Pnmar,iesdtngulbromfczeiatdun,rcsmoeliatdzbnuermapostdcnivz.Ar,lbaeumstfdnogicavr.
Viasoclnetumdprivalonfe,stzrdcaionutesrbfpl.Mdmnoivaeczugtxproliv,cenafmsdzorpit,cnuae.Asfl iocmnertalzdv.
Caregulidcnm,ostauifredpcblotmnaviue,dr-pomstganuvez,cidbopranucmitesdol,aprb-ungeiotscbaplgrnzeistaolc.Phgudvitexprmnalfcosputerinladomfc pretanlmjoi.Udetvrscnmauliporfe,sdmcnti.Coxpale mrnvfiscdealzmopntrsiqu.
32.4Specifumlnora
ncoluzie,rmasdtgpncolei,rudjncstipevard:flctnoseibr,uapl/sorientp;amfc suexrilnoatvgcsbziermfulantogdesvrpifanuotzlescami.Nor bzepautnmvi,fdscreotnaubilmor,tsedanuciplfsomrvaeunixdbctl.
nceamisutrz,pvomnalestdriu cfoantliberumsvaopntcegdifsaomunlvxbptirse.Rcfalmno iu,per-latcndom,spizrenuacst,mxideobl.Ounvtr-a,esodpfKarumntipesobl-fn.tragceoi,mvsuparet,ofilnumcaj;oestpi
uSactrnomel.Pvbsdirgu
24
socialevfturn dbxiseal,pcrnumgtvoi-sea,pndrmcolieas,nuptrmlcoe.
Autoriaemnvpzcsutiaremon,vpdcsiuzlretafpnsi,curlo.Ataepfindm,czulrseotianpf,lvdBrse(cPamtuGnf,MrleSjomaAtic.)sun,drmepctofnvizbl,darsepcfvobriuneadz,lcgjovtiumnseplcazoribu,fevmdacntriulspe,mnoadtuicprmevalofdginturecs.
Subiectmlnorsadvzieourtamnv,cd-lsfiureznamtodcp.lzuri,sbemnotxpcaz,uidortemnvsazuicgdeV(torbvlnasigpehorutlaL,iczvepnsuhdaMltribepcgumnsdM.ANet)o,alribcumnspzdoraectin,fxpe(Fumaltrzs!Aoci,grjdeptc-iaumsnv!,Reproltc.)
Dounmliedapcrztsuiodxnecpratmivuebcsldopantm er.
Dmexup:lncazdriog,tsem;Mcauodrinstepudf,oricanltsemjpdbi;Erzconsuleatmpvirocnduaehtl.
nsfrit,ocmevunritdmaesc:ovlbfunraiepstcmo,udnrgfitavecslpdurominatvelc/grudnie.Salpmcoszrnei,dlputvscar.
Unelcsauitfzmronpeibsau,ctrdmozgipv,enadsubrtlipnaeomudrc.;stpihaulde,mrcstavpoib,ldregmzsautci.
32.5pPrinlceoma
Aceastrgulpmnio.Pce
Canelmtodugifr, besmpcatuvlhirz.Aeoncstupaglmr,eonutdacBli.
25
mouralenstcdxig eopunrstzcd-iemorntflgua,dcrienvslzmoautj-cirevdsbpol.
Metaforicnvbd,pulm(-steicnxpoaduglr)jbeisaStPo,cnvrdlNupesaomtcifn aresugxlmoit.
Celmaiudsntcoprle,dniRguaorscmefpvuai,hlnorcde.IbzgaRulistopcrefm avligndozurbspectm.l
Potrivuacespn,ldzmotrecgunabispdtelarcuio-nvdptefrzcaulsidetfmcnoazspdrelium.
Prezntoulcfsmagiven-pulc,tfRadroeigs,ctmuvanogerli.
nmfoelrsapu,Rgdztinovcemr,ajdultiscomaeurvit,fndoglersabv:izutdfncaeprvoil,dseatfncpludiorectpnualsdeitor.U-mhcasnuieft,drolcmuinasfetrcdoiapsnuz.
Unomcaredputsfi,bgnlaeorcumsdit,gpeaonzfcrdtml,uixesvacprnoti.
Cunelamdtsg,Rrpoficalnu mrezstoafldbic.
mSiualetcosnr
Contiamrlesgudfcnoatreilm;sjudvoraptelfns,dcurbitvmpoeal.Cnsurztiocalevsnridum-afot.
vAoeanctimrls,pudacnoteirxsudmal.Aotfe,ncisrulvzb,gaecoimnts-u.r
Opartendmoilcug .strUnelidpcbu sfaemvindlp,ro
Deundvitoacsr,p?l
Fiecardntvomuspebazcrtimn.Sdloseprbiucanjtsomvdeualciz.Dnstrobepcivalr,xstnuepcoamid.r
26
sauprietnm.Ocflzdauesprnbic.Mtfduorale?Cmpibcnsuretavopizmndl?Ttesuax cizprdlotm,aenifucvdsptoae.
Admineacporfvustmi,bneprfalctosde-ungvi.Emarbftol,dupciR.Lnszeomrtaulcbdj,esonpatrimc,edfnsovtaimcdpunergt.Aa,cmioulsebnd.Ajavrtuminsepobldcaume,islgpcoarundtesl.
Eticamesdnroutie.lc,afrongudizstarepmconiluz.Atdaesgprnivmuo,lfeazcnitgprumbleaznistjro.Omucbeait,rsnmueda.
Modelnibtfcarmesgintvdul,pofrczesint,darpofmeituszlc:ra,fm.Lepntlidar,cumetlgnd-iproav.Dmuecstfgnr,diap.
Modelarfcutibsnolareumtipnsblcearvotumd.Dpfne,icutarbzophne,mdlitcvporu.Aeasbicntumprogdaeti.
Dar"eticnosmvudlaitr.Sneocjdifarz.Cultcegpdnifumo(resta).Ali,mucnertPoafisugc.le
Constrgeaupcmlindeartuocp,ilsndmaefrtpucoildva,smntr-ufelcpogajdniuslcet.
Copiluestnvarcbd,oilenazvtrpsumcineatjlo:rd,pcigunatelro.Obvcismtedpnuagri,sfelmboctagnuri.
aTdirlesuntcvozmp,arelxuniov.tFcpramfesunolig,tcvraesunmxpldti. rcaebusfmlniptorde.
Certscu,mndfalpioect,xsnarmolecditgfan.Amorlsetidgxnloevrautdmipjc,oretlgbvi.z
Contiamlrpefdcs:
27
nusticdv,
judecatprifls,n oate
putersihcnabodmfler.
mSiuletcrpznfa sodbielruapctnom.
nPtrueafimolbscdumnitalespcr o.Daniteulcmxspditerca,moblneiutsfadcrzineoptabl.Nvucdrmo,anptescudrlgoifnpaesrcutdnflo.Nmpesc,urtlinmaeorpuctxdmlsavi,rnepbztlxu,sgiarno(ecpzmlauionrepsgtcalior,ezncpt.ofsilderanz),c
Relativsmuncxdroileupatcm,nbsoiverl.Nuandctbsoileradcxt,fnp.
Foramticevdzlpsnuotraicdebls,pairendvulsctb,pofariedl.Esnmtacviuo,lresmniaocute.
oCntradicesmpu,ltsraenmi.Dculestfandi,cmploraestdvunizcpofrlasteni,cvdulaotemshbi,rnc.Cvdluoztpesair,dnc teaorixn,cufltmedsoainb,cru-legvsaiopn.
nmoueltpcarid,sftenoaxiuvr,ldpescminutoblzarf,ecdpvognitlabrue-mpctidor.nazulesgpctniarelmd,s.ctazneldruism.catenupofizrsldm,acenftivormpsuadent,lrifmac.
nes,clmaiport u,dncesvrgatlmounize:ltgc,maunivsetl.
Fiecaromunspt aei-odlscunt.UmfaArildcneg stopafiurml,cenvadsptfi,celmaodt.Lupvlmnradcejoitgsprualne.
28
42.ndrumapetovifc
nStezaiudvr2
Onormestudlaci,bpnmterju.Ficaofpnmtelbsrc,idaupgnfelsodartcnimevfolutxscia,nrdmeptbufivsae
nmpurild,chaeovmnlugtdcarfepi,molvnbtusfeadcrimont.Daesv,flxurotipcedbnusarotfdievpnsmcutrbadoilenv.
naldoier,mstucpnaedivl,rsomfcbtaeupdinvl.Ssmcatruehodnibcavru,eopgtfnicad-vsulr.
uAltpnriedcoavmzri,eupstomnd-clarie.Utuobdncjsreiptm,uanorf.Fiecdvplsaguomenrt,dicasgulponetrm,dcuazoelismpnrtd,aceumnrdoai.
nsfrit,vduleopacmntireuadcsnxplitmoueradvcn.Splimfotaesrc,lizpontamedsurjcoinametvr.
uRmeznd:orstglcpav,biesurndlxpctavoinelcstdarub,ipectdnrvz.
Conceptirmdu
Moral,
moralite,
moiral,
ovrialme,
standeprogl,m
mnorcisalv,uet
contimral,e
ntrebiodclmaz
24. nDiefmoralt.
25. Precizadfnlt,mo.
26. Caresunotvilmdf?
27. Caresuntpcilomd vaepusnrolci?
28. Cumpotficlaser?
29
Testvduar/lo
29.
oNrmelticsafn:)pur,ecil;
bv)unersali;cg.
.2 oNrmaest:
a) goureldcmpnta;
b) ostarepd;f
c) unmodelaci.
30.
4. Cesuntpcirlmoa?
a)btruielpsond,f uraclioenstmp,vd ruie;
b)mnoerdaxigltcpusnerzodt-imcnfegurloa;
c)regulidompntavbsriul,expnctavoiestndrcu.
oNrmelacsniftdugpreoncazislut:)merp;
bm)noetircgualsv; pei.
31.
Censamfiorl?
a) stimcerbufa;
b) svremacionftudlpecmsnrbiu;
c) smputeaconirfdleacmpsbinru.
.6 Caresunotvilpcmdbenafri?
a) onstiae;
b) spirtdea;
c) posei
uCmaprecitflonx maesti?
ncebmodutrisfa vnelorm.tiCusdfagcnvi?
oBibaglfert
32. uB,elN.nSsticvamorEdPBue,19
33. Cozma,.nEletdicgvUAxouanIrCz.i,197
34. Crciun,D.EtafedASB205
35. Hubermas,JContilcv.EdAu,Breti20
36. Myacinre,tATdmolE.HusBcreti,198
30
Unaitdevr3
Cuprins
13.
23.
3.
3.1
3.2
3.
43.
oIndutrce
Obiectvlompnudar
Coniutldevar
oVrialme;nu
SubictvsmlMaer
Spueciflovarm
oTrietcsand
3E.5ticavruol
43.ndrumapetovifc
13.Introduce
nmpristao,vledbuprsanio,telfucransimpote,vd rupscaenomidtruealvnfpicmd.
mpoIrtanuecid?Lsbo-antur,elgvmicpsdft,arnelvoipucteslab.
Pescurt,valo imndcerspt.Cuovla?inbcestpruod,vima-fcenutdlsrizavocbentN.(lrauCsoci?etpdn,harcvumiofltedsngrcui.)
VALORIEMFUNDT
23.Obiectvlomnpudar
Obiectvlundar:
n-suireaodvlm,tncs;ar-Peizoplgdbnru;
b-Staoilrecnusmd oivralcuneptmf;
-Respctarvloimundgxsea;
n-trpIeacoCduli;
-Cunoaterlicsvdz;
Conmpetluidvar:
- studenivorpafcle
etic;
- studenivorlgcame
fundamtle,roicspvugeta;-simnorceptldmai
31
moralitepngcusoblirafe;
stencaropfudmi gerasoutlbifc;
studenivorcamplfdteic;
arfioteulpncdsmailtrevofund,spgamrloict;
dobnireacptuslnambdeorivucptmnlafero;
studeni,prlaocmbtuelivsoca,rbdnzueplistrmcva,njdetiulsroa.
mTpuilaoctn:4re
3.Coniutldevar
3.1ValorimeNun
oVrilaemunpcdtgxs,firedbazlvnostuipre.Ufmdnatl(c),iuserdva;nliopuc(metrfa),ldijvounmste;pcrli(,bnuat)evoscrpli;anumtev fc,unargobtli.Aesdmpnrjiatoe,vdsmrncluigamore,djclist.
nSdtaelricsufzvatemlordi(uncgzsaehomprilvcngdzuaeor).
Astfel,dirgnmoactepbzi,urlgoascfeniztmdvalorpucensfitd.Toaes,rcznibultpegvaro-ciszdtnuare,obicl nmuprveactlgdbiu,evrnmcdhitas,lbercongt.
Fiecarunpofstideracnpofuiret,mlacsduioretfa.bEplscnvuiedormatpsl,cgnieorusadczle-i"unotr,bazd-sepilcovruazedtinsoc.
32
Ceacsoitdnruvmpcafi"oet,nsdrzgit";ceaumonsdrfgit"-ecupandr,ms et"co.Unidampvlreuitsnaocpdermtshiba,folceprmnu.
Observailfcutnm zpdeisatnfc(morl),guesintpodzvlar uceim,pnatrsfluziemodvrac.Astpnfidemoucal,zvtrbh-pgsedlaiorcntvedualsgir.
Valoriemundfts:
Existandrepolcmfdaurpinvesxltom.
nspleicaumodrtv.Cf,caiunslpertodzciusmaonevdl,tricpmuzsa.
nBeli:utprsco/f,abnuecri(domajl,);
Adevulrmoa:psinc,zedult.;
hSimbcndu-eprast"ogi,nevlum.Urpatsdicenmrvalopesuntcrifoelatbusdr.Unmipoealucvgrmdpt.eiInoas"cgrdefipno,atcmsu v.r
Adultn,pexriascmboulteivsca,ndbozuprltemciva,nsjdretulioa.Expnrmdescl-uvaotibnf srelodcita,nfgumpreolxinucatregvidzcu.
Pestnolumxicr,faeuidomplxrstc.Daueoi,ndlstbzprcveau(imfonst,rpcleabi)smpunti.Darcdebsozputia,lderc vfiterapozlcnsdviueam,lftrc.
uabIirepol:sct,nbdeomupail,rctsn;De:hiauo,rctdnmvs
tce;
Omaen:iu,sotcrde;
Datorigblm:unc,jpeidrafogtsvculnpei,
3
justia,mrbnvel.
Spueciflartxmovnlecrifdtaumspoblfdecir.
nafceriosdvlmu(,tragosefpdilntc.)uarbe,mfotcnsilradev-ofgnizl.
oFsilfacertbumpzinalecsf.StgmuoNMvhliapsczjetfoarin,lmsucdeptiomlnavrusec.t,ibnpusorme/glcdfj.Rtaruoi,lncdestaimvunfcpreadsobiltncafer.
3.2SubmiectvslMar
Subiectvsml
Celmaifc,d vrntpuslebacgovri?tlpe-dauncsbivo:rmpefndual,ictbzpresa.Aov,lunmticepasdnmotcreuf.lLi,spdeorcva;xlt,puism.
Valorempscinudtbarevoicsudl.ntzejcaovrXsbunhlizdjecatgmpX.Dru,findvaoelsprcunamtivol.DPpdescrjzu,Gtinml;aoIescrtdi,Gajuzlnop6r;dmCtaeufljocig,GBnmareptouljcidbf;nsemartghu,lvizonsfaec;ruplinsae.
Subdevizamltcrspn,ueimdcavrt u,njezsipdlgrbctvoa,edfirnvucplsae.Nmotrinpeflvduaotr-cs pliemadtvrnou:cms,pfeitlbvrdn.auoesptdbnri,vcuajegstprfinlocuxemdta.io,vrlnuscfpedatilvu,rcfensaitmloupdvr,ncietm.
nprimulxdst,efvacbnilputedro,claunipvdefrsoctal.Cumpindervfxlusandipoe,rfluhdemsi,an
34
guacipltsenoxr?Dmdgaicleupntsofrdbaiueptn?Slcrodabesmu,ngriodacebut?Pnmriadjecsoulntbpamedsil,crubnzvetmoaxlgic:urnpsdv,etfialcnordpeivualcnotrds,beiplcavnursifeltoa.
Distncadrepfvlo deuriacfbmstl.noedrxizacusflto,nedracpmsfien,dlcrtapum;enictsadjmrenpl.
Valouriemnsptdvc aiuentrsl,cpoaeurindvl.Pfsto-becdia,pnvrlut-ocmiaesp.Irnfzmispeuovrlant,dcpioasretu,jnlgfcpasoe tgnrliduabcm.Dpensbizuratcd,fl-neoupairbsctv,fmleaunoriptsm,chadnuel?
Materilsmu
pRostaicemhr ubsiectvmnldpoariste,cprvadlou:ienmc-fbsl,turieopcmlfzhi-e.Obctsaunpro mivlet,ascumorvl,asdenuitocr.Plvbet,aoprinscluvzematrpfin
uiobecatls.
Dmevrocalpinbut,szdercoavilunte,rpfansutoli.Umeprcgvaouli,end-rctpsuiaderlobntsjcevalor,ndpg.
ntimpcesubvlrodhanitefprldovz,acniesprultmodv,aeinu:carosipevdltcarnfsoi.Cedmptgucalsxeri,dunamlpcerfbsiztuonmdarlecpi,ojuatnrcesfz,oindtar.
oPptrulivan,cemsdoilvanrtebucmi.Cdvoaresfutl,mpnib
35
rivnal.dt-e,oupsciarvlpnoetsci,armbnoutflie.Uasmbnuoptrcielhsa,porticmnbeugfxpr,astlncouebidrmanlcsto.ei,urpflnatosgdmier.
Meritulpnacomszdreaicovlnutbrpsaeoumdtcblirs,pdcteazonlhifub.Trsxvaoectinlr,vastfubiecnpdorlcheuinast,pfoxreuidjcatnl.oDsevramtilunc-osedabrit,umpncldeargjsubitvm.
3.Specifuolvarm
oVrilaemsfndtucoeilarnstup oiearns.Eldfctuiearolv,msfpractinuedsfrpoilnategv,cdmu-soprefintlvdazjm,riestuladnoricestflanoducmieplfrantdoeismntr.
nBeliovarcdmutsniepolrf,ambdtz-noieual.rc,btdneguxmiaplorcne,txisafurdvctnel,msaufindectlzoasr.
pOuslbin,ermoagtpfnsecrmdi,at nopeclisrazmndut,povceifrsdgan.
Abnstracie,lpofzumrnieatocfuvlrsbdn,pemtciajulrngeozd,saitc.Numpbfrl,asnteigubrcdvmneaisurcltvmnoea,pruitscledoar.
mExtrehdvi,calopsnemctioralpxusfdnectizloasr.pnehc,vimuoatnsfdbgleri,tdfvoacenglis.Mud-r,caozligefutvrmaosenifcl,pturdmaecbiunrstolaec,
36
strnuildefcopnuma,elidrptvosfnuceamitl.
Totda,umbnlpicrv oeafstnclmurpdiensfcalorti,depuvnmails,frcde.Abnotulcarmepsgn,tifdu-coaelrmitpusceoarlgdinputsbeac(mrdoivltgeucas),nomirptubleacsidrpntmvoleusabiprnfctoudamerilcvn.
Abniadcestmopuvrl in-zse,duaotcrmenpiluztoafrsdeicnm,tuosgalernmipdtcusaeorlgif.
Obunpartedivloms,f-guiclznaterodfg,cleanuptimobgdjr,neciatmluprdoecnvigalrt.
nlumoeacptr,fvdsinacemugltrpiosdebaz,tfnlurimceoadtnl,prumievoacfs,rlndtiexcmaulordnthiezsfuaovlr.Actendisulfrav,ompcetiulndoasmhegic.
Dupceatimrlgxfosdneupctialg,modrnusehiclaz:poftn,rmduceailbogtr,nsaicuepdort,fvinulahcmje tdronicepgsfautl,rzdempsgianluvrt,desipmlofanvrtge.
Experinaultmoscdvgribfnupotecmdalnsiuzotremdpcvanih,rsubetomcpdilung.Peatr,s-vzcoidmuearpglt,nbsoiceaptdu,rvmicolexbnfptru,dvaecsomrinlub.
Iatdecifnmgprloueadstzicvnombruesazpiltmorcudefaiznlomc,ptdjursainfm.Aleocunrtamizedoxvg,unratspleicv,nmboadrsplitevxnuma.
37
3.4Teoritacnds
Spmuneaoclitrdsfeazcunitmdorgblpaecist.Mudnrglasexvcmio,rabutdnlepocigsmrudj.
Dinacestvmob,urdasitorcendfiumatgrlopceSnfui!,mczet.sonraliumdpevg.Aconrsiatmledgpufcsntibrmaoevuldctrajnifevu,ctsardipnlozevbc.t
Normeluanstibdcvraesuntoli.Pcrpezvamotndiru,lesmcnoatv.Niprl-uescgtonivrad,esfcultniroaefdmspct,uroainezdvctosriafdunebl.
uRltezcmorai, nlteuspraod,imncbls.Dareitdumpolacnei?Dfmbdgroalctuispe-?namfiorlAet,puscadim.Cfnorltecuspdion:rml,scetibufa pvmndiscerultabofgneidrual;,tbsvmipeconafrudliecmspnbru.
Puingdtors-aefplcbvdinrautspeflcrinabupsemtcnaidluorvept,jcsianmrltue.oCacs,gndir-mptbeousacdnrpltebicum:snr?apdtecusjlronia?fdecsultvprina,m gse?Totcnrlbuimdpaetcolsnrficgusnrtmledap fcruinlmjaestognprulid.est
nacpestiolmurz,xdcntpialeorfsuciedtnarlocpuentsabrmijclodefapbmruscontfaeil.Dvm,-duortcesan.Aivu,lrmetcado.
38
3E.5ticavruol
Unaditreolcs pzagunmtelciordsbha-numitvoeryc,lauitzdeorxpscmlnutoAeriEcamh.
Aristoeldngva-cp,umtrenlsoiv-ac,jpumrtendgioalsc.Numnvbrei,Atoldcsupmeivar-onxcl,stfumioenavrdtlsfcimnuredobasfcijlupntrev,maso.
Acestudaimonrlpfvetaum,drcpinfsegoctmairunp.,letfcarodsiAnueprdacsilmneou.p,Artscnevadfi.
Nuestcarplivfnumsdertaihop,cflsnireauoctplsinba,duorcesmtiplvanrobe.Fcusmialrdev,ngopfmsut.
Aristoelnupdcaz;mv, stupenarficomblvdsntaeipcrlfv,busegidnramtlz,pecunidatbrlspoeinvudc-matrpge.
Aristouelncfapsdetrnomiulg,caresobtinumfdacv,ntreiupoa-lsc(,fmviupter)acnodmijlverf.
CestfricanuvzlAo?pmd,erciaufltnsoema,ciptrduleonabist,dcrevnpmlugasfitzeorn;cpuAlamordnisefcpv,lagurzntsimpfceoablur.(Vdvticnfeasorlditcunmeaopfrl,dhzuicteabnpmolr,dateifuncspmgl,doreizanhubctdlproma.)
naMfizetcu,lArsodmnatepic.Tourlmasdeptv,inrausocetvldnpraizsucetovrl.Embinsupea,tolcridu,mafenovrtl
39
senualvcti.Uobdmre,nfalutoidpefcanlr,opituse;cflda,npiuosrtecl,pmniduarts.Fec,vziolpnrtmaxuczeidfnrvlo,uacmsxiezrntdfa.
nacest,friuol.Nptemsncifrulaestbnopd,crlivusat.Fercondiblamuetpifcnvalor-m,juedtAis.nTlarocetd,umsbinpvraetifc,psrdu.Aenamilx,cdmautzrenspicflauvet.
nacestv,iruofcelast,nrziudm.;pcealti,srvondbcpulteafsrimug.
Virtueancdpzosvlruaitpecmfdsn,tliguarjofec.stnalui
Virtueanmdcsopluieangdstcromuenlaifct.,drosnumaie
saufncoilrmed.
nocestaumd,ilrpecfnaovtimulde?CrsntiofpumaeDArl,sdfintpmucazoeklirndacozplitknms.
Altfespum,riabncodetlaviursno;dt,efamluicsrztpenumcsilo,a.
nPordielacstfum,Arioeldsngtpvmi.Celdanocprtumi;elsnvaxc,pruogmetisaznlceastimduropfnl.
Celmainpotrducvsilent.gr,hoamdpesubic.Prn,oavtlepsungxrcia,odeltpxunrcisae.Amputnvsclariemzountliapmsrfxecu,tolndvimrajpe,stcnuimoadscltngper uvindcmptearsvob,iucmatrjl,depusin.
Particulempgnosictufalenpdgrismo.Atelnufazcdormle,gnu:Sfi!pvadl,rRecsto-mun.
40
mnoeracplisvtdufer.Aolnmcavitsu,pe
ovrileamncd:u,jptsimroadnce,pugltxsaorvimefzuldcta,npriobculzeaptnisdm,robnuietsacpzmvorli.OudecatnvospFa!Nufcelt,dorbnpiasmuezdlcvirt,ngapsemritfc.
uaCl,jrdepismnftcueprainotmsbucdperit.
aDreptoxgfinmulasd,exprivcto.nasulmirebpctasov,inemfxrltscadijone.
Maiconret,lpfusdmiegarbl,utsompnefdaviultcrj.
Oricevtunoadmfsx,eglurvponticdmas.
oitu,Arsmelfaznpcgdturseoinzlactumderxpinavo.lVt,usArecdmijontv,ulpraexcsdinf.Cuotaremcslingudoemc,jasntpirv uexocstafm.
mDvpoitr,celafsiumrcbnet,gadsfircmtepahubnizfldosmcrtae.
Dupmcseoatvdn,fihrluAstepcoadznbil,ectruoa.ix,sedlmutnacroies,ptrcndazi-umoseltrbdpac.DuneimvrtlhscdpaetrAiol?Luvpecanmdristzeculmang,dovriptescamun,lripbotesca.
mDaritlnpcevuoariglnpe,dftuAsocimlaredtpusingaz.oAlretmdcniu,valreosctni.LumareAsotlcivmgen,bfxaptrdiolcufntemajr,gdopivs.LbnatehucrpoiCsjl?,vehgcnuaoidfst,epuarlnimodx,puethsarcvnmlfiopesajtc,ndhmruAgeosail,fpntrdgecilou,mEpnaSs.
Cmensuapgtrcifd?Sozme
41
Puriamsecl.Cnt?SfudrsecaUly.(ntpi,ovmuezrnalicUypsdtovuemjr.)nEliadcoAtersnuli,pcamtoderxl,pintfamodure,csfinvto.Spulermcjiadfueol
Dinaltpucdevr,mfoinbtdecpraufjos,tinmraefluposig,cntmraelugnpotfizdmcrae:
nDpicateurdlosm,niatzr-ueocldfx,mivsnaetrodxlmpfaie,chntbdprsvieuma.Mntoxcfrpgsulmitceaonurspd,mzicventlafusmodi,petrbulcnaimoptelrvsucnfiamoebgpsticoaedub.
mCinralsehoufbcdmltaireonuPNblsamedicprofn,tvaesciblumonrptaibefcsultoia.Idec,pnrsumltoiadfcnerplovuitmdafcpe,rsbnlvuiotd.
uPenatrspdlbicmCvunesa?,pfitrcCumodelvapitr?n zcoafertlvnidsu,cgmeoralfipuncdsmaiboetl.
ndpoacfiestrlm,vudoentmasrxclpuiotmberscfdna.xDpvluit,escfnomdar(b)ugepnscomt,arixbfl puedczat.,rmisoeunbagrtcle,npivsazuoftcrmipn.eautrbisfdonmge;uprsialtcdeom.
Iatunmoiv(cpedrgsl) iauoft,ncedgmrbislnoceatuvdinomafcer;g,tsbuilveandrtcus-ideomrtanfc.
Auamcferidvtslznoaie,tfprudlscmenativuodfcrs,pebnitagrmlu.
42
earlizunopdsvcta,ebli
satifcermndplou,
stimulareocvdntifaerm,lsbcunizoraedt,
preuiasmtconlzafirp,etuscmolgnvari
pmlatoizercs,ud.
Idneatrcloismu zaenldcimorstfuea.Vilpdrns,mfotezvaxicur,londteafzispruochbteliarnsv.Ufdeomuipraltgsc,nuibeotdaclpr.
nmschbi,davoeprnmdafciloutesbnmiarzvledb,nftcusaripeldj,voguecizbnlrastdpuicne.o,tafrpdsieolcuntmfarvidezosulptcarngeimu,lvdstorcapenbilmtu.s
ndomeiulcxstjagemrndistavulb,emr.Dcstgilneadzuomrfcisphle,tadobnruficmastle,prnocijdfse,atvorgniumdleacst,fro.
deaIstn,igrovlbcmsuanetibrlzpc.O,dsunevtiarlopdbnumeazioltdcn,shbreaoitmdculnera,odtxc-psimenaluotrcpsieglbaz.
Numpteidclnrvouastepclnixguo.mDedcat,lnprsuvadetoBbyn,lcxis dauprehovlinxstmuarcedinofalcrsuemiotaprbl.
Ceicarsuntpvboleadircstfungealrspitbfundmeac,pirtnlzmaoe.
43
43.ndrumapetovifc
nStezaiudvr3
aEticreunogvxpla;MrectoigmaMlrectpi.
oVrilaemunpcdtgxs,firebazlvnostupire.Ufmdnatl(c),userdiva;nlopc(umterf),adijlvonsumet;pcril(,bn)aevsocrtpli);anumev rfct,unaeoblig.
Omulestnofipcx,ra evoluzintfc.mar,exsndiultporae,fmndcsutpieral.Edc,mpuitseronalm,ctibue"fransdielp.cAtf,vaorndibuelps,tofanrulicesmpt,advnriuescoamdrtnielvfpucmad.Morste,ibluc
oMralepzintvcg,uodrlepimsntfca,ogerulidntmscaezopnrtmulidve,pcmntraisoe(flu,gpctna)ideorl:b,uptaneicrosmzpntioeublc.
Moralmiptenfdcubsorimevnal-t(dsogc),bzepinatru.Molm"bsnredcviu,optamlrnfdeiovcta nrleusoiatdg,cpnbl.Mresiatfcuopnrmeldtaisoc.Prumbnelgadiftc,morlepizuta:
Astfel,dirgmnaoc pebztui,lraogscpfenirazstmodvlpceunfaimtdr.Tos,eaczintublprogvea-scitzdornuae,bicltmonaurvpeclgdbi
iru,deavmnchtisrbe,alongc.Vmrfudetals:
nBel:iutprsco/f,abnuecri(domajl,);
Adevulrmoa:psinc,zedult.;
Iubpireaol:cst,nbdempaiul,rsoctn;
pDtareh:ic,unodvsm;Oeia:,ontcrmdse;
oDriatgblm:unc,jpeidrafgotsvculnpei,jamrbtul.
Spueciflartxmovnlecrifdtasumpoblifdecrn.aosvilmeu(,atrgdosfpeilntc.)duarb,fmeoncsilravdt-ofngizl.
Normeluanstibdcvraesuntoli.Pcrpezvamotndiru,lesmcnoatv.Ni
4
npersoail-utcgvnersadi,foculteansirfdmpect,ausroinzdveactosrifdunaebl.
nacestopmlidzbu,r ceafsuilrdtnaceopulntsabremijclodafrepbmucsontaferil.Dvm,-dnuotcesar.Aivuo,ltmecadr.Nin-su tlmapoerinu,Ecvt.Uadeorlscptzagumenlsiordbthcea-numivroytl,acuizdxeoprsmltnuceArioaEtmh.
pContecirmdu
ovrialme;
eticanomh;subv
uvte;ir
teoric;mals
ntrebidoclmza
Caresunotvilmdc?eatnoiplsmfD!car
CaresuntpcildbzEf?
Testvduar/lo
37.
2.
Caresunotvilpcmdbenafri?o)slu
nbter)isulaocp
Caresotvldcinum?
a) nbeli
b) rul
c) liberat
n3.Sdtaelricfbusdelinvaprt?
a) da
b) nu
c)xnuistegolrd4.Camnsfiorl?
a) stimcerbufa;
b) svremacionftudlpecmsnrbiu;
c) smputeaconirfdleacmpsbinru.
uStdaizec
Pepasi-ColdurctFnI.
epPsiColanFIc.tfrmbuez ilrcotpaPsCnFe.miArcCPpnosIde19%aiulctfrmnpde isaolbutrcae,pPsinCoIl.Frztcead-12pimrbulotcae,nszPpiColrdmxatv2%nziesl atro.
PepsiColadntc um20%,si-eopclIardtnuieCocla, tdpse78n%.cra optdivzleCca,frmbutiPpsnFleafr192ocmpnialtubFreNmon.iplacstrePComuin,acelgtorunzi
45
mas-di.ePrlouctnpadelumrctigoe.Cnapfsucmltopnziare,d usTVoclmngaAtzipvdemlor.
Valorepmidctn10olepsrx(avim4t.USD)Cnpoalstfvuderc,inzlPpsautocdei40m%.btasuclpnoier,maducsgletipnr5smi,atfelcdunrgpsfie12tmn.Purcaspiedl,utrm51.0ecgioMarjt peminvlod10s,7treaucgipmld1ons.Marcgtiufpeznmlaroi fe.
ntrebi:
oAustnfclaepirm?Dd,xc.
Dacnpirleomutfsca,neirl-t?
ictoVraAng,elsm5puictnrefalso-bcindtrhmalzeM,SousnJitcg4dlarpezomnit-cur.Caempniol,ctausbpePifrmguta.ncdiesr pacnumletigor.Fdpazecunvoirljmtzpuedavcgrinolfste.
Pe25mai19,nulro34stfcgp-unTV,ioraAmeltcp as,nurelitgodaxmc:Suneilr.ApoasfctmeC:ivorpuanlc mteguoi.Svapmcrunje.NoitpacsdvrVmngi?ulotader.
Dinpcateumlr349fs 05.8decapPsi-tm egralfcunidmoesltaprui.Fndbvoemlar,cpifuztsen.AcdalirmoeptusPfacn,iderstu.Cokal-MvibmertznousfaclibrepPn.t-udacs,ogreftnupaicmPesrtd.Conxulap,ife5sorautmne,ipclrsoaft.DeiuPpmnroascte.
AcestovlniaupmfePsiucardonpme50s(8US,D)ficurgto.Mamlde480pnrsuctaofe.Bgilcmnpadrvetol2maniUSD.Precodtupmsa10nileUSDo,drtuc-faps18mileUSDdcronpsafitecumrnpaoil.
nViolevautcrzdsgp30oeamni.Arxtv6dpsueaocilnrtpgube.Afosdclat50prenufad.Totcsrezl fiapPsunmt-oerdcl.
oBibaglfert
38.
205
39.
40.
TSECIH,Bucresti201
46
aUnteidvrC4ETNAIFR
Cuprins
14.
24.
34.
34.1
34.2
34.
34.
34.5
oIndutrce
Obiectvlompnudar
Coniutldevar
Conceptri
Intersulaoiv-NpdcEnfer
Afacerinpsvtom
oVrialpnceEtf
pRonesabiltc.C
4.ndrumapetovifc
n4.1trodIuce
Eticaferlosdpnu
odsebitfrlnpu
dizertac.
de zbateri publice, orumfi,

Launelcoid
mastero,finducplest,frumacnoertidl,namgbvertzpsudilcaoenrzdfi.
mpiuncaertv
lor.nbumscdie
ginteraz
funcioale
obiectvlraf.
upreci
busine,
nteur
articole,
nopgrameld
Eticaoerfldnusmp,viaoredcnutbziflsarme,c
morale nduic
valorie
morale
icrbedlnuma
tice
ca catre,
nmsura
obligatverspc
odempcrtan
dei,acstvn
nucarestoi
24.Obiectvlomnpudar
Obiectvlundar:
- unsireaodtcf;
- Pecizarunmldgo;
-Stab ilirea corect
comuneptrdlafi;
-Repctars
n-suireaploctv;
-Cunoater
loiate,pd
opfsinral,edt
aunismbldeorv
onsabiltceuvfrm;
raportului dintrespbola,
oparte,
iobnerasucl
ncred,
financiar i
ompetnluidvar;
u-ndsteivorpaclmtnsudierEafc;
47
- studenivorcapl tfei;
u-ndsteivorpabclf
msepuionctzarldsbine,coat
u-ndsteirbacpfl ostndiegarpclf,snuemotabilgrcejudvalo;
rafioteulpncdsmailtenpuobgrfsatliucemr,foaEnt;
studenivorpafcstlieEnafr;
opfesinral;
mTpuilaoctn:4re
34.Coniutldevar
34.1
Conceptri
mDuenisatcfrpovzdielmangjrs,pctuielnomavrf:
Eticaerlofpnsdumtialcve,prdnmiloaecurdntgmzelairdnucgoveazilnmrdfcsuoag.e
Enticafervz,pludoncitaresfmdgaji,clenoutrzvi,sacne.
caliteopudrgsn;m
practioedunsl;rctkemiag
practioedvnz;
monducalrestizf ;
implcanreobut zfirma;
uatindefm;
uatindefomcslgrpubineofact,.
Ruanieorcfdsblpti,unerofcsaltgu
48
compenltariu, cszonrtdauilevp,c orndlmtepzaisu.
Intersulpcomaferishtv.cCamn,dpiorestc anumivtocseraludnim,Se.GrcAtafsdopivnuercmtvaloinrepchmbsuoi.
Aristoelfcnadm(gprievatu,scofl)mh(bireconapstful)Pmicveanort,d-usigmen:caproft.lEuiegshSmbcoral,tvescumrapint:osledumra,ctipong.IeasriduntpolcXVI-ea.Cvrbutpidoscnaz,muerlfcio.
Negustoriclnamzpidersctbla,uno.ifJrectaunsldpierNouTnstamplgriedu,cmlaestinrogc.Sum,aevrnicoldsumpearctin.Nxsomlavepub,drinctolgsv.Cxaemprctil-ueznabsdghmivlcreupo a.
namipergotfclsundmaropeictgnlraoemi.Astf,lucXVIapreEzbhnPoLgw,sitlacemvruftpnszoareclvi,tbndxupesrcamltifnoers.Mazu,AdmhSlnitcoep ums,itndaroblepfintacu,rA.CgeThpGolsfWatmrvzidecunoblstaigdnfcer.
nvpliat,csmuoferdpiantulmobercsadntpiuoevrmcatslinbuzeo.DrfmaLgShnAtiu1s87(6),prlcodemavbtiuzrglnsceopafi,mWbyCdhEstc192(u4)aonerBilgfRpmvdJ.FKy1962,rincaegumldvotniafcerums.
AdamhS(17it23-90n)vuorl6"caizend(vrsupola):"cmiebn.Atrsfdolince,p-fagtmreisloca.ApdnubrizehToga,lpvtndusrezoilacnmu,dsetr-oicapnveglmtriafco.suel,dmntoia"rhscudenmot,afuredcnsimgpo.a
49
Pnfoartecu(mipd20),stbecafourmindvgtespcaurlizdmesoarpcil, nbteaufosrldimenxctgbazrsoiplmnde.uLcabstorilgdemfc uatr"niolmfce:bu.atr mnhdisec:auotrnmxpesi"lcabu?
nmare,toicdblunstapeic lovru,saetnicbgvdurseoli(tngadbmorle,pcsiatng odmbrel).Rcutis -maehlbrujnsvoictdealrmnf,uctvispedarolgjfcnsum.t
narostmulpiedfcvntagismlufporeb,caniudterlspbcva.
pDet,fadriunmclsget(aiunrzc)meldfptanoucr,bediflnompadictvesfurnomgizadjcre,voltpisubcnedfaortg.i
34n.2uterIalsio-NvdpcEnerf
Intersuliao
AcestaunmpilrobzEeaStngdfirspulobaemnridfxclusvpetagomniurls.Ttedoimpanzr,gtc.Ouldeafimnrstgcaul,pemn;dstoricaebunm.
ElaineSgbtrdfpusoaliemrndfcxvuspietgamolnuri.
Dacrnfiutels ,mgifrs-pednvaltc,uofir.Dpecndvsilateumrogpdvni,acterslo.Iguniacteldfrogskhaputi,neorfblmscptuneg-ardovizs.
nDaceistmovudneafcrbihzt,uovesrbin,fctpulvosiacnterldpafui.Acstengomlaurisn,pecStbgomzafl:Dirspundetkholmia,fcrnu-petsgo rilncuadeptsfczvalorepntmugi.Afcoaenumdril
50
oprietal,cds ienlor,fuzacdt.
uGrilestnpfo,vc maeurinfldoc maitfr,depunbvstimaroelpnug .Estimorafceudn,ztiacorsfneluaic.

Corectiudnabsfp igajn,treoduc ms-irodeb.tIacsnfmu,grediabztcnf:goehisdu,pcbatnesi.ArSgpouvzd-aeltcinsr omaelnrdifc:tbuseaminrloduceastimnrodestnaurclxmizeopft.
nrealit,pousdcSnbergtipadcreumlpiv.nodsz,tacempirlnotaze,ubricfmtaneuopridmlftecavunrs;i,oftlbacepdnuiovrlemabiupnctoe-rfsmvnaidc,ersptlovaincmre,ztualo.
Enticaferusdoplgmnaeruspicflo.Rngdarmteivuslcxog,Srnbafmetivlorae.mptnsficoelrauptdsniclefro,ptvxmaznuglripoet.Dadfscmlinr,petafcsu omzrvildebafctusnrmibpol.
Emstepoirand,uSgbflceianomtruspc-heindoarlmvzpetungoiarl,cs tfjeu:amorlcspinetfdlao-rcinpetfda.Prlocinputevhard,-osilctnjevaufrsdimloepta.Acrunsifmoltehacdrnusxmiazevlorptnug hiacdrfle
Estemoafirxdplcnt,iaegordculSb.Dtimeafrsxzpoul;dmcarnseAit,vuopncelmaidtgrsuboefc.Dartns,pgmureacniltv,smpduocaieln,stupovarilnme
51
moralevunsi,cbtpfaodeuslimvctprna.
Oridectnoulsmafictovrenmla,sduioprtecha lfi,mntderuacs.I,mvdeStrnbugli:ohcs neam,truposcfilmaentbudcilrv.

Dimpotrvn,ucseblmra,dguptconseixzrlfmug,iadcntesprloavdtcnesiulpraf,niecmoutdpra!
NivelurdapcEtnf
oCnceptlura zifosnt:dreula.Acmistperuanovbl,mdfir"spucetlgao.Vsi,cumrfvatedpoinrcuamlef.
Aceastnumxiodpneratcflsiguvdormnea,ctpdoxlvneruimta s.
nafceripotsdvulcaeti:
1.
vNeluiom-crstabnvdizprucoletshmbi.Avnparoedtcliun:gbao,pmrstecduinval.Totesfbprcmhuinl,tgasreoc.UnuifldvpaeArstomduciv,aptnregl.Ofmcvida,tbus-nprecmoidaluftsernoimcavdtpelrbusincaetopdrglmihn.Cubecsatrol,miunfcspoatreviuldnctza.
2.
vNeluioma-crsfgnt ialeomcru, f.Cneptlacursozevtnli:adrpgm.oPbeusnxctlivmardeufoscp,ntideumlro:Cascpib?Etervaunpdoi?Estemlrgnapi?CeotbuslnafcrSethibpolmdzarectfi?
41.
vNeluiomcarnpbstgrolemnicazf.pErmlesdcunoaitfrcneuomislabvdzt,eruaconti
vNeluipcoar.Dstfndeularojcsit,pb lnaeroci.
52
cive.Consmtulbrafidecsnmo(rlaupe),dtnmirso(cglzaedOutnipsfrhoaleE),utznrpciodm(glbfsaertxconilumap),deroc(tlizsaenduomrpcvibln,AeaLt)suoxmplcrdnezsita mgrlpnetiaoAsz,gludmetrbinocasplurindceaopt:,mrlsbniaechtod,srleimpntzucoag.
34.Afanceripvtsom
RspunlatrebCdimousaenfcri?dp,mosvenulafitcpder.Danusfoltmecsanfril?Uputd-evmzicnaspt;lueobdis,argvnelcptoudbsiancerfomtpudinlcaesrtpmolenadifcr.
Cenustaocr?f
Deistmapungrovl,etfa
dMiuelafcrmntbi.
Trebupisdlanctmoerf,dngsicaztouemlprfiaxtvnueglzscb,raoiptdnmfleb,castipounremdl-afsti,bguconvraeplizt,usnoracl.met,uvfoprgaeitdcvlsnrpub,feoadcijnrtesux,fmdiac.nptevor,fcsambidgtrnzeol.
nacest,poumfrenatcidupmsvlnreatjoicupzfstalcrim.
mTenurlgoa-icdbstmnoerpidtcmalrv;nes,fumaitrnzceol,uiamftnproev(idualsct,pebzionr)aducmtspeznairvcoflbe.Aaripsunvofcelmaz,sintrufcelagmo-dbusine.
Aotnlcfruamied,tnamulsipcrb-nmt,edalugpiosrcetudbins.RorCSmlpeztacudinforsevatculbznorpgdsmeatclinordf.
53
mainrepotfudzcmearjnglipudt.acesvizon, mpdrsetafncv,iolm.Gduresnt,ilameuonctdzif.
Corpailenusdmtfcoralienctu,svpiraemfncoluitspencofrdliaepstumnvr,claibpzdtefnmr,suclaizpdtenmrsfcg.udlieantzmfspriuaedtlcnm.
Nscutamopreil,nbfwtuvizeamcslfodntbizc.Easuprventilopadursmefc.LbjtiansRuercompintare.Slmgisu nedortcampisgunordteabl,isfcnumtoperadicfznwt.
Angajuistper-om,clnduiestbamcrlnoigte,amnlsucobirfeatmpsuncifrleoat dpbunrifeatmsocgvl.Crpiendmafcutb,glseir.oPduvzatpfbcnl,seroumijncptaldefb;rmisun(a)delcot,rbisfpa.
Ceicarvdfnlstm icuobedantrlmpsuie.DaoxcldntrgzemifopbC.nlutrsaezdci, hrlbaoeinumdcp.
Countrlesdaizcv.Eofndearmutclpniveasfcltrbu .ConesiazmtOnupogdeiactlvnupe.roI smcabinprte.Dmlcdauzstenipr?Nlacmfoeidrnuzaclt,mefriosuzdcatvmneiorldca.
aAceriflnptsvmo-
UnmodelxpuraicvstmdenolafcripstvenoElaSrbgm,utceiadsrl
JustBine.hEcAo194()SrbgmuetsvdzlpncramiedtoMnlF,aurmPiNbepoEtnc.
54
nsfrit,elmucaodsritnlefacopudSgbtrsmxieaznluvoprtE.seiacbulfxmzrovpieta,nudsmgraiect.
Potrivuaces,nmgpbldfeaconir,sgu mlfdearizunpoxt(clg,fe).Daionrdschltupeofirncasulte,bor.
Unmagerusdpltofinaerugpsclbion;teardfucsgionzepaductflroisezpmax.
Maximrezpntlugov
Obiectvmapunsrgdxzecnifarldtv.Dcuxisenadmzrvlopt,iceausrpovlietanzcrbusofiedatp.Amnrg(lhbyis)caevdproulnceitaf,mrnvudloice.Daft,sz
oDarmxizefunctsdlobieravtfc.Tludiposreznvach lorepit;dacsufnmelptroidasv ,lnuexticraodglentvfu.Acidm,porsletaxzvgicr:polt,eusadnirmtcleopsdun,imarbefc.
Firetcoasmlvpund irtes,bazdcloumnpritefcd.Asanuhimbrle,dvctaonizrlesmxupoft.
Toatecsprmi,ElnSgbuctarie,dpozlnscumtxriedanouglm,iexdthcrasolfexpunracitslo,mdpnercabigtlzo
34.ValorinpceEtf
Caresunot,cvlipmdnsabefcr?piul,mxzvaonetgprilcsotvdeungra.Dcsliofe,nducsitr.plovae unscitp,aorelscudtip.
nPmuriae,fclpsotuxdnemcia,lortf nveiazcorlgtm,dshbineaprt
5
derpta.
Luoatel,csngripzvaole-utndmcar.Mieput,nmbolcfrsnigatpudeocrjzbntileoas,ucdreptibvsamnl.
npracti,elmuogzbsracinmltueov.zasr,pichtlmnfeuvgripotsneacldfr.oimanuzcletbigdropmus-lvzaijrfedpscmaonulitr-gzecdpnbuirflsajog-ec.
nDoicrdemaxgpzfconueltidar,Sgbsmceldoipzantrufvgeclm,urtaenplids-oturcz.fEageviltuncdazerpbistvodmaezncirpltuden,saohJRwl.cmigrfuae,pndtsbivrmceonpldatugirzebsfopnalcutirmbeogzla ictvrse.
pDtaredisbuvconf:petribudlaszocve.Dmna,spifubtrloce:pinavrolbcutmespina.
Dmexupl,obictvnrhsfmeauzicln;pr,todmesabhilrctvnepafuid.Orstpeocmanduirfeoptnsal;icfrempudoscantibelmgroscv.
oSpuclaferindxmzv,gspacelminrbfoaductienbslporfm.
pDtaredisbuvcnealorbfi,tpucdselomvra.Eincutomerisfabncphdtulgi.sreabvzmultdcrenai.Esfgjtucoedia;lrmnsdco,plirtaeunxsod,itlepurcasfnt.
nfiecarz,tulvdonibrtaemvulcinodbtrae.Nzfpulcnoritaesufngjlirm,dectafzp livordusecat,pvionjeml.Dradstbunveizl;poasrunvtefcim
56
nmurasceftzvipolarmuengti.pPcldsrbvuefanmitlgeroa.
Exuemp:ldacinvA(gr,m)petunsalidcvB(muntor),aescAtolienprsamuiB,cnapolrtsufemi.
nprimuld,etasbvfxcuolinraepstfcinurmde-avloipnrscte.
naldoier,cstujpvaidrebstoznualpcdiefrmgtonzuladsbrc,exip.Dtuvnaogecibslupmrat,ejnvidc.plusrtabeifnmvorlbcutainpeos.Udbazrmcnelvigoat,cdruleinzopatu,fcedsinmorgza.
naltreid,pbsvucnoirtelgaz,u dif.Nestprnmacobifturmadelocsifmnabepltdcio.sfrpt,aedibuvncmglpotreaiucnfsm.Dptrv:ildebuafmcronti emauldci.Drostbnheudalzicrntgomvs.
mOenaiculfrob,dgztaeinvmcourspnitegalhmdroucbfeipnPt.algrumcxpeidtabvsnumcgleitpbazorundvlemx iptungaroel.
onucziel,atgdprsvneiuatfclorpnediEaStbugjsrcomnepiatxdlpuecrsfonmati;lsure,atcimolr;negapitfudoznlrecaitsuodb;mplcrefnvaioutlrcesda;ionbtperc,salgithueorbfscaldt;peimu,nlsaopcrtehibnlmaoecuprtindlvzaucteronmi.
Cualtencv,iorbsdfatecnlopiubmdatveonrilfc,dasubrielmtngcdaps.
Teoriasnt,uchvmdeaoti.nprul,cseztfaunoicmrpdebslatoni
57
deafcrinults,pbefadorlnciuts:bemodrlifcatgeskhnuprimtodceas,pnrutmlizoafxe.Crcsn,dtpulvoie.Dasrmbdgntupciolfera.
Utilarspunecozmv,trnsielubfcpma;Strngeobic,uvzaflnmde-criuoasltn.K ecfrdbimontvsaulezcrnit,pumaeflbsordpe-atulim.
nreplic,Sgbtaouvzknreistamcodplnueitsomacjpblnri,dteuacpsonr;,xelitcvamorunesdtapifrlnce.Dusamizopblr
pDuistaemncdrogl.Iveistn,amrlojufegtdirclmao,p(et)Srnbgsmifdauce,pornztlgiaesucornftp.Idealisorzcnumaipetsflobrumainoecldstprf.
ncalitedosumr,bianepltdcmuoinarectslomdn,efi(acstg)mdxopelinuarfc,edois-vmapurcnflt,imaedorcgkhstl,fi-aprbu.
nSgbteruscapdoi brlesmuadic.Izprjnomeatls,cdubigormalendfc,st ugl.Pnermoia,t cundevpfjos;amitrglcenviabrsudl,o-epcf.Pbmailudsont,ecgrfmulnavtde?
DupcmnseairoFd,tlgumvfrieja.L,ntglcoduJeaApi;r,tnsvzolumegchiardpt.Lsevugnrabldoi,mcfesunvtprailm econbga.
Exempldncirvusa:
nOestiaxpdrmvulcontaem,sir;udxpvlantoec.
Grijvnoletmsuap
58
nptruemi,aclfs.
pRectsiufarnovlctebuiar.
Courectindgaljsoezptrumiacnsdet.
pRaonesbtilucrf,mdetiabus;conrzgjmel.
Solictudnersajpmdnvoiler.
Excelnfatop,mib;zesunratldp.i
Curajfcetbhi,dsguonmc.
gInritaemxpovcl.
aLhdeiprsuntfmcoiaunxbepl.
Exempldnciratf:
pRectsardonfilm:stadefir;cuonzldtregiafxoc.;
nSsibeltafdco rp;R egulidt
Contipfesral,m;Libundcre
mSiulresponabt;
pRectsardoub,il;efnmatc.
Eusternocdagmiltr,ce10uPonbsagitverlfcb.nDasptiv-uolzrcnagemfioclpretbusaifgportencsl,da ufotevnimszadcrutelgsionazpmd,rtulecovinm.a
nrealitxusogdcbeari,lznmu-spdftega,rcipsjnlearctiz.
Sistemlbcuoapvrzndimoecat:b,rlh.
34.5Responabiltc
Liternapsoblgdrune,asmvciftoudneablgcis.tn,odefrmapbilscveognmuaridlpceontbuasridvlcenutogarizpecndu.
mEotigc,lasprvnedu ifctorsae.NFgunlo,pricsaetvzcnsamblu
59
articuldes:onm,ptucrale.;snoigdclevanrizupo,mceladtsni.
espoRnabiltcdrfgaemuni,olcdbgesampuirtclon,deabivptrmlugcsnofe.Fiadrpbnslumfeoita(cr),dlnufzgajiosmevrtl,cduniaopeb.
Nuestficnamgrpolestundricalopegtzinr.Busafcevdtoplmrni.guac zepvrjsndoaciltbuempsznracilte.
uRltezcabordmpisncletbuadromisluctadper ,iognzsctve.Damrbuipfonslteacrvid npsoelmcatdiuornlsb.
n189Ag.CariepublcThGosWftnarmdveicbgfr,tusevinocpable.Astvdozriapnblcefztdouaspnil:rcuadmstoilerc.pPn,amdotiresblcpvazoriunlftcespaijurloentmbscaipuor.
nPcipurladmstoe,nblicarptdmoefun rsboil,actendugrjivapo,cbetsndrivapectbusognzfil.
oPblemracipntuosdcera,ifntpl zauersibcponltaferi.
Intersulpbicdfaomnvezistucrdaef.Publicprsnatoeifcdl,baznu-speotvgirmdlafcne,oriucteas.
pRbonesilatfvrze.Loialtpjnuscrdefatniorcle,uadgnizorctxles.Daobigmrpsucle,aniorfuzltacevndiorelg.
nCudcrliemgpostaf,rjenmilovgtpcbsuora.jDneivdtuzpasrofelnimcvaduoperijns.tfl
60
ucavrizemoblgfdunita,ercvmslpoit,aufncevsroiltnue.acs,hdioprtvnfcemalbgi,utodpecrmlasnbiotre.
Apvareintblchsumof.Ceanitrszpoumlafinse,ctropulafbnimtecrsolniua.S-pftmdsore,zclinautmfp?vAiesornualtfjcb?
icNvoatenmrsbzpialtuoefdcrmngv.Aloiupatefscn.
Oricepndtaoumsblnecia.Atsupdvercnzoti"aumlfer.Dsnctpoabilemrdun,coialsetprmdf.ncivetlauro,sbnpcdeuaori:
baordesicl-fmxtupnbroiealsdtucnz.oMilFremaspcundgerilotasfcnxmizebuolprta,scvni;elduro,asgpc:eztnlfir.vuao,ce"bslptidfrmunazecb:"orilsvfptedacn(muizrol),fsedcain(prteou).lacsdimz,nvrptefiadcul
abordecis-nmx"zpuftleadorim;gsu
uvpsieract".gAnm:
a.
societlmruanpdjgiste-omarbunfcezlgidarop;cenustbilmafdor;
.b
c.
ounrizldtempxasf g,cibtruemaszlonicpterugasvinlobce(paur,dsmit.)oclena;
practifmelnusoicpr,mlntos(riz),pjualenosct.
KounkeMshati(crlmP)ta,pnucesoliX-:"Madtrulies
61
nvigsrca,beloztndmirs-uacbte.Aflprodiusambgnzelircfsptv,nagoe".Elrcfimstbonpuarlctedsionprmlazteix.cs,daormulefintc,sobupfrenzil.a
Dar"iunefclost,gdpbiunrecaltzobidvrpenlucmsoat.Adverpnzituamoceprvsnbiltfm.
Concepiamdrtflv aimponughretbldsicafro,eunltgizacrsemdntauirpolf,vecnaisrtfedcvanilorsu,tdcaeionzst.
Eticaferlobusgpnmaretlbi:
42. Undecprsobiltaf gnzrudest?

2.
3.
Cergulidcontabsvzfreipcondutl?
Enstebcaifrlpumdvoescitlanr?,.
4. n4ud.marpteovifc
nStezaiudvr4
Cepoatficr?Lmvd,sunelticafrdomuetsclaifprbudnmoesicrtavnglo.Obsemcuritafoexpscmu,lnriatfbgmuscreiovlnzat ueicafr.Lno,tmulecpisfadrnt.mul,eca-iorvutmebcdnalpsifrou.t
Eticaerlofpznudmsvicate,rfoldnmpasiucrodetgnlmzaiucdortlsngveazimrdfculnoage
Eticaferlosnup mgvalcit.Aesdropbnctivmae,dronic.Lavelm,tfznrgusiecom;ptaldisrn,ucoaeftsrl.
Dinpersctvamo,dicunera.Ets,dficupenargtoz,lcimungajr.telcomipazfunredstobimpaledfcr.
62
ncredasmfptioula.ncred,bzpxioulamen,frgpitc.vsuojaderln,cisuvfma.edrbnlisfa;
ncredaliuofz-stprendacimo,ftedzlnrgiacompust.Mledavrbimpnug,cetdoarsfimpn.Eectgraoblidfecptnmrzasuilodcef.trmnai,pschub.lIredmiaztnpsvolucdfieratnzplumcrvesfita.
ncredalioumst-vzrcgnedaulitsco,mnperitavlcup.Cienatdlvzorus/iceatpm,rnfoielt.
ncredaliugj-btdecoarfil,sun.Umtdecrlaoibun,eftm
UnstudirealzGoMfcnritelaud cgj:
)a
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
mnaregjilo,dcfu termnsaocflidgupet.
perciaunomhdst,inpjecarh;
tranmouelcpfigd;
mprieaobctvlnuispeghrato;
oauntmi,cseldrgj;
fedkbnacpirtgmuvloefispbntarl;
dnercastliuhmoderngatiu:cspobnl,magetricvunlpob,edcait.
Enticaferspdlhubatignsreopmflciaer.
uPentrlgacoifesbdtmpranuiocsefmdaripctenulroamgictdpbenrf,izluatdscemnpoilrat,ducesnilorpa,t.
Conceptirmdu
Eticaferlo,
impveratol,udn
conduit,arel
Tnratmo,ec
ucrlt
goanrizld,ec
respboniltac,
dilemtc,
npcirfudamtle;
ntrebiodclmaz
63
nDiefEtcarpzuvldestia.Dcropjd"nelaifcr.
nDiefrspobltacum.
Cesunmtdlicarpoest?uCarnmdlio etcafr?
Censamvoupcrtif?Pezavmxpldrnictuse.
Testvduar/lo
1.Cuarentsvloipcmdbafer?
a) opfesinralmu
b) intersulao
c) posei
43.
a) pvecrsatimon;
b) pvecrsatiomn;
nDceiprstvafzgulmonic?
c) pvecrsatioml.
.3 nSdtaelricfbusdnviaprt?
a) da
b) nu
c) xnuistegcolrd
.4 Caresuntpcil ?
a) respctoadnfiml;
b) ncredalioums;t
c) pdturelaosibnfc v.
Poptcrailesbn ?Cotpucliseraf
oBibaglfert
1.BURCEANL,ticanferObodpsv.UBucti,201:
44.
45.
205
46.
5.NASRCEDIUMT,OX -ticagsnoerf,Ed.TSCIHBu201
6.PRAUTNISEFManuldecomirgfvICunasolNcierEd.Pm,Bt20
7. GTUIABRELticaferlounsm-d.,20
COVEYSTPHNdticauerlfnsobzpi,EdAlBeckurst208
DANCURI-Eticanfer.Osuod,ASB
ADCOINESUMRL ticanferdo.Bbl,us207
64
Unaitdevr5
Cunpsri
15.
25.
35.
15.3
25.3
35.
45.
oIndutrce
Obiectvlompnudar
Coniutldevar
Anfacripestvmol
Rolugmaneti.Evcr
Coduletic
ndrumapeotvifc
15o.Indutrce
pRbonesilatfvrz ea.Loiltnspujcrdeafltoinrcael,tudgonizrcxelast.obigmrepaucl,nsiorafuzltcevndoiraelg.
RESPONTAILC
i cnd apar dificulti, majoritatea

pect
bposil
uvorajt.D
avertiza upasr
unorastfeld
nCudcrliemgpost
moenailrvfgt
onestiacrd
nevimtcraduopijns.tfelczr
maveigobl
firmecastulpo,
servacnoiltu.
moral fa
uoastfpncel
n acest sens,
alte obligaii, precum celgatdproimu,
respbonilta.
Apnarebvihltuscmofniltrdecasouv;tlieanrmdcouspzaretilogunc.
25.Obiectvlomnpudar
Obiectvlundar:
-
bSilrtaeongmcuv";
nDirefatcgml;
Precizalomptnsudbre
65
demoralngtus;
-
RealizrunsctoE;
bSilrtaepnocfm;
nMifesatrulocnimfestarupc,gl;
uDtaiscreoln,dfptaremnisol,udcaregniz;
Analizcoserumpt;
Conmpetluidvar:
tudsenivorpafc sblteoi,anrpvcm;
studenivorpacltmierunogspca.l
studenirbocaluniEtc;
studenirbmacpuotlrnizmaefd,sticvoblngurfeatisc,nmovausetrbi-zpnm,c;
msepuinlgracot ifuEnscea,prmdtoblnaemri;
arfioteulpncdsmailtenpuobgrfsatliucemr,sfazonpteldbrsica;
elaborunpisgtdmelxcnirauspt,gmeoznrivacufl;
studenirboaclsnebrimptaoudc;
mTpuilaoctn:4re
odemucnita,rv
s
nisedchoptvrfm
35.Coniutldevar
35.1Afanceripvtsoml
deaIbzpcisltornuhaedzfcilt-povrsgeacimb
6
societudafrvnml,pbiesatfcmulon,privdecst,irbupaec.Pnmovidhrxsteaguclnim;ptroauenvdbcmxisutrael;pnomvidcuxestnrao.Afciluepztsngrmodbaficutesnvmrl.
leEms-aupi,odtcn laf,epuinmodtslacefiunortmcapdise(nultrzdpoamifce),snalitvreopdusc,lativobuprec.
Esenialptufcoxrmenidafcsoptu,rvaceilfxstpn o.
vPuindrclepstagorimcel,sptuzaxoincldspbu,mefzoritdncausgpivotenfurmalsipe;todrzcaumbi.Ontfospcaeuxi:mnfodrtvaeilcp,nrotdameiglnrdtohceiabgslrnut;mepcsdiofruevmabnctprio,uesmfncri.
Prinumae,cslotf irzumnc,altegodisru,elaptonfvriCsudemat.
vPindrelaocm s,uvdtelacinpmf,roedusalixn-tfcre.Comsaulgnbipt,rfcedmaounjistlcre.
Duarfpltcexisnmgova,lcestnidzpuorafcietsmdrl:opunfet,v-armcsSgboatunpfirme ;scoula,pibnf-eomcarlsitdpnuemaofrtliz,csenmaobudivrlcs t,pneaumrvioldnc,saeuminorjlcdtv,ea-umnirlpotsevacubi,rmdsntaejuc.hOvbflpasreinuczbmltaordn-peisul,frtcnvd-apbuilm.
Deiartbusvfcnmgldprie,uoafcn(t)gdesoimprcaunvtdeilrspuhoakdezintcvfar,plemindcugft,-lepanoricdmu,tevnig.
Artebuisflcnzmapoduti,
67
nabsectoprigudm,alonfrzsiputceadslfirmo,ctenuvabdis-rplfecantiuzborvd.
Adepirsctvlgnuamoeridfcltabgmepcrlsuniomatel.Tdispuoramtvecnizprslgmeatdoiunrl.Pemagdcstiornuleapsmcitb.
Deipoatsrcunlb, iaestrcpodmn,itfearcglopimsenfcatvlurpobie:dfmncratsloeipuvgbamr;dcotesfliga,un?
IatcumdefinsorpCMat:Ocies,ndfrmutagleidopsbnr.Ductevgal,opinrsdjucfeatponidvzcareluni,odvestcaurpmin odsevc.
Cestpocari?
Edstevnipruocgazlmenstidcuvo;r,aenmtidcsflrezonagidvul,trenoma.idu,rltsmpnevcaigobrulstcedbiamorp,uesvdctaoflbig.
Firmoanpctes,df niagtorzlecmdpn.Chiarutoefclsdpi(mrefabulosnt)ichrdmpeauon-gfit(rzbclev,usapoti)frcedmnapisutldencro mvhtpidensalorucpi.
Darpovtebligmnzsaudcprivextlomnzdivrcaefpt-onumgz?Csrepd,tbuilmacnsreupioa.
Trsuitodefnalpc
nDaceistmovp,rbudnet;calv,isouperdaicnvsto,lumrdiacnsgelvtior,auncms.pIleitrdfauosbmncvelgrapudio :
ncalitedprsouj,miteoblgancs,fiteu.Nnomalrpcsfiet,xdanpfecti.Corasdbunl,
68
aconirustpzdelarovcpiu(ndselmta).
nMageridctouspfeartjinvlco.Asmeatpdinrgulsezvtiaconrgusezpltifacmnbr.
Toatecsmpirzdunlgoaestvipbmrnl,dausecvrnmitoblgae.Oprsminuactlersimdnuaeptlfsbr,cnupoaedsitrfcl,unemospai.Itdcnrvmpoeatuscifrnblpao.
Poptcarilesbn?
n1970d,imateuprfovgscielnStaU,rumPiNlobepnct,MdFrauiolmtezbs,ncrdaituexlonsrciapl.uSbtovrRnesaiclftpdeorsui,Fmangctedrspobilan,uvtermoliga:
Numaifnelstorpbdaucnile.Cstfm,puriaenosdcvtpueramlncf.tgoizuesalndvm,ctisufearponblcidruapo.
Unicarespobltmg daciontersul.Ampcoaieusdnrlg t-ipueafcnr,gsboltmiupecrasdlznofit,earcspu tgoanrizmcelpufstjniager.Acodvultspnambordeivunatfbrlzcoi.
oPblemrciasuntdprivescmangopl.uiFredn,magtbcposdeinumarvtlbsoeci.AatrguvnlMpeicotsrgfxzimueaclso,prdbitncusalemodri
uopcedav.
Toatecsngr-umliFdeta.Snzmidlucopeantfmrsbilucea,dmvrzpinuo.
69
35.2RolumangetiEvcrl.
Fiecardznfompticuerdzasblmpnocuitresf anmoviuldegt,rpcsmnoaeudlgitrc.osn,felmagtrucidnvoblfemprta,cidoelpr-astuc,inmveofrdatlxisncvuom.
nesa,ticmgrlpofduesincarzlftpeoigucas,ndmrlefpitao,cumgreltbispnoacred.
Afirmaepcnsolvztedcinaomfps eurgadvobict.Fnpmreulist,ad neclumoisg,dtravlepuxim.Cratholnseciuvrdaospnzemcutl.Edfi,oaxbecvtnumli,prseactbnilu,dzreab.gMnitcmurslpazoiedmgntcrszapoiuedjt.
Fremuansictpvglrauesonbipcfdmltugreainbolu.cdeamifntspgor,laeibunsmdptrleuocagimdprt-n.vecouisabrpnltefdcisaor,mgnedzltbuisachnertioslucaergpdtnisuvearpmlogcni,dbetaxzrupolfimvnsgrp.Dteua,mdvconisblgreptudoaincl,zestr-umoi,acebsptridloaceznmgrftuodbsailnrep.tm-fcvaidozl,Fnresumpatcivzrnuflecapoistdunlarco,efitgdkhsrlpobaenfuizctdlompe.aEirunmodlasicbgutrenvpos,acdifglmretz upaoidnrc.UstfelmpaidzvonEurectAm,aloriptcvfme.
35.CodulEticDaefnrpsdociluret
CaocerinmlptudsfviocelrmuaptCd,oicerjza
70
oslictangj.Afe,durbpticolgansjermci.Roludtsearncmpluvdiegro.Unctbdupvilarecsotm.
Exempl
Exuempl
Exuempl
Intremgaoicsljetxaigurpsonl.Tvdzcemtiaorluezmpnbficstorale.Rndiuscmlahbdernfituv,csamplne.Atsoivurcadmnle itgjoraunsmldc,ipexbas.
nUcodetialusmrndtiexlbuspcrogadmentljirpcuos,adengjivrtcoadeulnimp.
Uncodetialusmr nicaedog3jutrbsaliepdngjorutfcame,dni3gjustpofardmen.
Chartsuodl,cifepmngtordbuci,saelmntuodvreiclpaunsotmercibauslz.Codeticbganjlprouciedatlngjrspecivoma.
Coduleticsnfamruieovla,ntprduciesoamlrtdvpiceanoxtrv.fdpaiecsourltvndiamec,xopusntrialdebcom apgdril,ezntoumri.Scleantspv,gri-odmutaecn.
Societamrlspv n.Dacetrib,updsoefcnarmiz,pt suvncfoa.Drielm t,sunorgevai.Apclmdgraionselcpvua,ioermfntdcvszl.
oOciestamrlnupfgji.
Angajioculprte,fd nvaiocsmerl.Sptunagjicosefvtmral.Eiuno,pbcetfdrvsaumincerptvosmcial.Angjeztorfadcilpnmeozulcistraefd.
Exuempl
Angajiuesoctmrlpd vfiectasuloimcera.
71
Dacestoimrlvngeactpiodrzmul,aetincgjvormfldeunci,sar.
Numpntegoiracsd hetkonrilacsmzepboniltcas.Trvdefuocitsamrlpbnvextuamodilsfrcveatodunmsrigplecat,misfndegjrpcvotmial.Jufsecrntvpluiabdeoscrtpnilersobtacn,viedfurostamcl,pngjireosmcal.
Exuempl
Exuempl
Exuempl
ncazulregjtshxioculdmn,evajgsrtifpnlumodcaeztvisnf.Dracebomiultdspranec,ltgisanrceomut.
Daixltempcrvondufsbieaptrcnloiesabtc,vdfuroeitsamcl,pngjroeitsmcal.
nDipecrstvudj,laomci(ngr)jtasuefl-ncotidvamurglenpCodciLa2r.530/tulznme1
Contraculsigmehdburptciogalev.nzrudimcelajstbnrdouiecptaml(ngjor)i.Ceaptudoblgicrvnsmaet:
p-dturelangjoiscv,ruaepndgoblijt zacvei
-udreplangtjis,corepundgbalijtscru.
Codulmncieftravucfindoltemarpsfizcdnutl,egobsprzmncauitegjor,psfzcuaidhnmbler,tusa.iFncoprfedtasiuopcferdmnltiocahespdnrt,gjilocemarnz.
Funcoiaprtfedvlmuncostieprafdlumnci.
mNopelrandiutcsge,arioblnj.mdspeariultncgde,ariobtsmclngajez.Avdrcstounliagmbedtrscnifpojalu tr.
Codulmnvcipergtaz oblieprhcntaudvm.re
72
angjtiorelsmcauxplitnerodcusgbaliptndreco,siualtmpdrenc.
Exuempl
Dacnuestprvzxmod a,cntrulseihpdnmat(csiuergjo).
regulinpvodtca,smurlocieta;
Opartedincsugoblmpit/adcuhnerolivamugntserdlipmc.Oatrensudigobltpaexnrcuidlvm,abtrepunzclo.
nutreclzaobispxnctrauvldempshniat.c
dConersimcuatp bnlisecodurtmpgalnirstudjcRegamlonrisctmea.
nucaolzietsrmdn,claiuteorpdgnl,ifrezutacosp.Agmnlderitoasbgj.
CodulmnciRatrebvgoimunltrdecgajosiplrzntveuaio.
gRauemnlitrbscpd,evgal[LEG2A530/]cpun,irmoetdsz:
reg-unlipvdcsta mrniluocefdamnit;
p-dtureilobganjsr;
opceduraslin movdruaesli;
reguolinctpvdsame;
-abterilndscpu ;
-reguolifatdpcns;
-modalitepcrszguontaleifc.
gRmuenlaitrbdsco neurtil.Rmgapodcefslrinmuatocesr.Bnil,dutp73xcevganridRulmtoe.Da,cnvlizurmeodtcpalinzuremtoblgajincsre.
aEbolremipntduc
Pelistarpobncmustaobligvnecpz.
Exuempl
Constiueblgavmrptice:Snuoal!
Snufiorpc!
Snumistfcaprezod!l
73
Gsialtemxpdobgvn.
Exuempl
Constiueblgapzvmr tice:
Sn-igajpecmbudtr lonc!
Sacordnitebsugplzvjaonric,etfgs.!
Svimplcanudet!Smbnoidcleu
Gsialtexmpdobgzv.
eoDarcpmvubinldtseomcraiulfndtzpomvreila,nbumcteodif.
Codifcarne,stxmuporneltic-sgudm.Upnaeolcifrmusteaniclormea,dnpitcorumlagj.
Coduleticgsarnzocietmal.
nDcelimapotrdfsulci
goanrizle
fac
parte
i
Acestea pot fi scrise sau nescrise.
Normelscipunabgtdoeriauclsptveoimra.Dnufcpdegltoiascmr,neliodazptmugjlrfednicas.Nptmoelrnciaztpbuoreglnsci.
nactivezlosmr,ncielstprud.
nprezt,dicmaoulsendritc,aumfvlzengoitcasrpb eml.Dacstoduripnfevacltgroizsemcaptrinlosbe.
oSpuclenatrismbelorzunCdticsmpx.
Motivnelpruabcdsmotle:
ndirefacomptlusbe;
opmvraeunstdlcipveomra;
nfuizaremodlcvtbiesmrcal,dunvto-;
stabilreundcomp fairsbnlte;
nustrimdeaopfl;cmturinesa.
Lundcamexplotisrecn,xmplifavotdus.Eencaliomrustegncajiovrmpte,daflcnuigrtozalcepvrionmsautfeldpcri.
normel
comportamentale.
74
Carcteislbumnzodreticsal:
Damiexpdlurcnbts-oei.
Coansidercmuljpgntdeoriafcngjestiorvmpa,cunletirso-d?
Coduriletbcsgfna.Iouril
nuestopir,daclb nmoredtilusacnobg.
oCduriletcnbfsp.Coduriletnasvmpofeiudrntlga.
coduriletbspjzngailceoruvtdspfanblieoducrt.
Coduriletbcspfn.Uodarecifptulmbsoeranitu,fslcerdambiutlfrenpsoa.
Exuempl
Dacoundestri,clvapundset rilacpofes,tridblmnausvpefdrgjilo.
oCnreiaudcptfs oemrcialfsvut.
Coduleticrbsfpnaz ,dcestrgulionavfmtcipudeosral.Dxmnciuebtrs-od.
oUndcetibruspvlcfoietmraspv,lndoctireapmvuls.Codietcnmavr-biusdeglnpctarovi.
nelaborcduit,gnsealb.Ariodtmpuen:
tabsilreungcoatpries c;
supgravhedzifonmctl;
conutrlpiameobsrvt,palnugcimer
comiteuldnarfp;
consileraugjtmce.Coildtrbusfnvcaepioltd,nruacmiezlbtp,roscimaeupntlfriCodcaumvten,sprfilzoadcvetgburilmnocpesdat.
oSpuclrmit,neazd ouclties-Idnpzgajrtmulisopb.
Unoelcitsmrapdznufcie
75
necsitlarvzuod.Sm iestrpvzundoc.Elafiemvhstcornalpei.
Sv-aobtserufplcimbnedoul,tcamsfpir.Aectsunopdmrai.Cgleunxprsoactiemlnapuctr.Pbefiodlncupxtaesordm.
xFibletauprsdnoc efiatmrlnp,ucevdaitsfr,pelgiavndoumrchstkel.
Exempl
Damiexpolducrts en.
Difcultderaopnmlsitu:dcre pns.
xFibletacodurpmsnvetbolxciamudntr.
bFlexitaprmdosch itlemranpusctilohmbarep,csilkhotder.
Unaltbueficosrdpa,imnletsrozimpuneadcrltog.pus,avedrilncotspadeucnrjlmoitseapdrncuilovegsa,tfnumichlebpdroatimnleucvr.aIdspetil croakhd,esptlvnirubcagtesolmr.i
Unaltreibfcuosp tericvolsmanutkdehrilo,c vapestocimrldfa.
nplus,codrietabfmupnsorcietlamudcieno,ltasprcednivtlsomra.
Uncodestfir-amlxstocenriamfldstepcario.
Coduleticnpvsar oimcel.Epvatdnusrgimo entlcardu,mexplrndtuiabosvze, icndratusm-evzolncfitdrseaml.
Darcoduiletpvsnzj.
Codurilepnagzts,culevdiaonrs ebctvupmiaxrnosecl.
Punctelsabodifreactpdlir.
codurilesnxtpamgv,flicre
76
practi,
codurileantxpbhiv,rulenogtfa.
Urmtoaelsiucnvpdretuoficna:
odcurilenspatcomeril,dasunbtp goeicmral,
codurilenstm avc,upentrsilfdzoa
codurilenstampcile
oCnmtaeifrcdulsonreiaptclmfn.
Elaboreunicdztspearublicodn,tearuliscomnra.
Difcultdeapro nmsitua:
comernialft,
dacosenirpztfvmsiulaecrnod,
dacosenirtpulvensiadcoru,
dacelotismpbn.r
Odatreoculi,smzfdatrocegilsmaudorpeni.lItcsaondimreuplct aso.
nmarejoitscl,daerunmstcidzaf,rueoclidpnatmuresolficj.Dbadnmutezclaiorph.
nuactlproesdgbiz,mcualfnestriomcalen,duptfirsbcae.Tltzngroiuacesdmt,nlgrofipauemst nlca,imesuptrndola:fipes,rbcotnhve.
uDzarifoedcstlnmp urtiezafcpsorltivae,dnufcsprgmaibeolsu.
Dei,noamucsblgrpteu,moivncadzrfblesoituncraj,zdbeopscrantiuldem.Acntasrjgi,deobpmzluncfi,dasextorlumnc.
Rvestric,dobpa eimlcstrjoadn.mfiecurgzotsal,nurmezfictdsvolbnea,icurftvdeslrijcaun epoblsdmatircgn.Moemalpduisn
7
odntegl,umaic .
Unpaltecsrobimnvlgacstueorizdmcalunoprtedicmsaureto(ic)palnsumrdetgjicomale.Asticruvdozgmhnaebrlicuopmatsnerilgdkmtnaseopbilcrndatmespobilc.
Exuempl
kNepiractnsuolzb irtecomnp.[1aMUREAN207]sfuditremplaoc eitmxlsndou:prveictbandomulrspicetfnd198,ComulseRpbitaScnfmsre201,piuloatdnbscfpuliomtre201.

Nikeafomstprclubistaoprnfzglcdie205.Aastuprn7bdicfzoae.Ultrmvun sociemralkNndupboitsce-axrngtivodclmufaenrziogvptl()dmuar190.TonetlpafbricdBgeshunjpocadikNelrust78pmniealutcd20$,poraesnmicultrepafmcstodi,rluhMaeJnctskboi.
Atiudneas,rfolc hkdiasteo:cmrlbuipfasvecntigrzpoblsacnteirogzamsuvpen,tidcorzlaxupeinorgl,dupceafnimk.Nostblreaczpidmh uxlntcoariesmlndcioueatvsldmncie.
oNiknecutsazpvgrldomenibtsac,udneifmartojscldeuniprzkt.Nvasifcoelrudnta,pzcosimunaretjhkdolsigercantpv.Nkdisfel,munxpcotarelupndtgimasleorfzcnhtkdi,voren-asumzclpbitoe.
Uncodetilabrsmpniocaltrebusdvpimelunatr.
nlegturcvpdima,osetcrlgbimnhuoecdalirtsfocvea.Unulditrmbposvcaeimrunoglsc.Atfe,iamrbuseoatplni:
respcta,ndfuvilhbr
78
ecolgibuanstrdm;
nmifesatrdgjul,caoeprinstgdmurecni;
utilzaredhnogc supramelintcogzsae;
reducmaoitlnfvb-eadioctmrlsn,ubeaport;
impraebuljsncti,omredaflvtnbricesoaud;
mfoareslinpctudom-aebil.
45.ndrumapetovifc
nStezaiudvr5
uMloiretcnsdmzafilorptcunesgba,rmnptuelzidoscn-uma,repiltscnfaoremi.Algxpbvndtcorasimluebntpraixelfm,nutd-siacreo,nsti.Gzacreomdpinstucxelrmainstupodevlr,icatmp.
Eticagmnerlbusdf namtecoprisgaudnlezortpcgia
1.Societa,rpzngmlfadecrtignbus-facomprtel.
2.Grupniletsa,oc uprinztmbalecg,dinfortemsulapvzobreciulgntsa,pmodcrefizlgan.
o3.Pblemrnti,gazud ecrbisfnautlodremgji,nsvca.
4.Problempsnau,tgcdierofaltnpsgdiz.
ndverazolimtuc,pvdersobniamflger,ptciCoduEansrmelgtipcoabsmerl.Cdutipcaosemrltjuginapbosclertviasomle.
Dinpersctvdju,laomeri(ngjt)asuflecr-ontvidameglprnCouci.atdvlemsonurctiapefzdnumtslri,gobpezncauisrtgjo,peafizcsudrnhmbleai,dutsr.AnmpceoabuilsdrtcmpeognaliustrdjcgRmenaoicstmeral.gRnuibdsoctalrenui.
79
Coduriletcpanmudesfractivolm.Cdueptjarzoilcsngb,epdturioalscngjerm.
vApisorcetlmangd seolcraipvnu,mftdoeicarszvl.
Coduriletcsnmfvzageutisolpcnrbmae.
Unelsocitmradpzunfciestlarvzod.Smipecutabnl,osimfpceura.
Angajisutcelmporfdv,aisncteurpomcial.Cdetgurnoa.Aspectmidulgaronzeisctmal.
Uncodetirbuspvlcfoietmraspv,lcndotiremvaulcs.
Coduriletcpanmudesfractivolm.Cdueptjarzoilcsngb,epdturioalscngjerm.Coduiltcsnefvzagmutisolcrepnbma.Sliescrutobnd,aimfplceur.
pContecirmdu
Eticnmagerl,bo ui
dniscrmaeu,ltz
Compnrtaeic,bl
codeti.
ntrebidoclmza
GsialtemxpodcrniatespoblcDxmeduritpagnl
Cumartebiscnodp meralctivznodusre10gaji
Coemdtaiulz,ncgresotimal,upnvcrbeodiltamnp?
Cumpotfiaecngjsrluzceoitmarlz?
Testvduar/lo
47.
ncredaibulotsmercnadv:)pfiu;
nbcred)aluiosmt;efdnclir
.2 nDceiprstvafzgulmeconi?
a) pvecrsatimon;
b) pvecrsatiomn;
c) pvecrsatioml.
80
3.Cesmnifcturla?
a) ogamvritdeclsnpub;
b) otranzcieml;
c) ounitaecm,flprv
48.
.5 nPcipralmsuegt:
a) daconeufirmt;
b) deaminstrpocluae;
c) dea-miurponlts.
.E6ticaferlos:
)a etipcalfro;
)b unsifdamtelcro;
c) estoicnm.
7.Eticapoebfrdnsv:
a) moacrils;
b) moicrne;
Cnaredtiumolfpcave?n)milst;
bm)noativr;cdesp.
c) moacrnei.
Exemplifcagourtndmeoalsrictz!
oBibaglfert
49.
205
50.
51.
TSECIH,Bucresti201
81
82
Unaitdevr6
NCOTEXURPA
Cunpsri
16.
26.
36.
36.1
oIndutrce
Obiectvlompnudar
Coniutldevar
Gdireaptcvnxou
64.ndrumapteovifc
26.3vRanelogbizruptcf36.Ssenladzvoricmg436.Iplauebstnicfro
RESPONLABITC E
16o.Indutrce
pRbonesilatfvrz ea.Loiltnspujcrdeafltoinrcael,tudgonizrcxelast.obigmrepaucl,nsiorafuzltcevndoiraelg.
nCudcrliemgpost
i cnd apar dificulti, majoritatea

pect
bposil
uvorajt.D
avertiza upasr
unorastfeld
moenailrvfgt
onestiacrd
nevimtcraduopijns.tfelczr
maveigobl
firmecastulpo,
servacnoiltu.
moral fa
uoastfpncel
n acest sens,
alte obligaii, precum celgatdproimu,
respbonilta.
Apnarebvihltuscmofniltrdecasouv;tlieanrmdcouspzaretilogunc.
26.vObiecltomnpudare
Obiectvlundar:
-
bSilrtaeongmcuvd"irpatglobze,sn;
nDiefoagblzrsut;
Precizalomptnsudbre
83
demoralnpctuskh.
-
Realizrunsctdompaive;
bSilrtaepnocfvglbaizrnce;
nMifesatrulocpndseria;
uDtaiscreoln,dfptaremnisol,uvcpe;at
Conmpetluidvar:
tudsenivorpafc sblteori;
studenivorpacblm djetorianzclm;
studenirbocalgpfdeuntorisakhl.
msepuinlgracot ifuEnscea,prmdtoblnaemri;
arfioteulpncdsmailtenpuobgrfsatliucemr,sfazonpteldbrsica;
elaborunpisgtdmelxcnirauspt;
studenirbocalgpfdeuntorisakhl;
mTpuilaoctn:2re
odemucnita,rv
s
nisedchoptvrfm
36.Coniutldevar
36.1Gndireaptcvxou
oncsei,udrpltag n
nplus,datfiehrcou,lajncrsideboup,lntarimjezou vatpdrnic.
Dupmcairt,ozdn lmueagtfirnoscdEupaetnriog-mlc.Daestvn,xuprm-igdevtaonlsrcipeatunmlgdkhsor.
84
relaoinctufmsbpzeiartgnlmsocidaebzvlt,upmrFnGiIsacledEt,unmriocafpetdsnuiocva-ertflndsioc,aprenfsticom.
ntr-umais,epocdngaltripvescnoEua,rilgestfpcdmuvrn.CaiMeofxmplcstn:vizueaFr dmocptivesunah lgrmdiustae,noc rlmisetpacunodbr(lmhijutaednvo)przsli.Dmu,extogacrdfnspuletiorcagdpn,esvtiofrm.l
Chiardcsepotbnzvaigurcteodkhsln,maixeputrzvnoagelmirpcndoEuafgleti.CrMnomsezufaplctinmgr,esfuctzianpmlrobeudtfcing,aormpevultdfisncazorpevli,acntrspuedzolfiGmant-brduclUE,efigamtpsnorceuvaimdfltnogesr,aicldnputevromi.
nLaceputilor190,Odsmncveilograpdtmu.Uinsezpacgltvdurmi,neloazfxtubcvrispeoadt,lncbiserzoadnmugtl-erifoscapv.Cmnleutfrdcgapinuftorsdemagil.Frstfpbonzuaemlidgtprocsenuvailrgos,tfcaepnuilmrbovdezat.
nultimasecvordbgpailfunectordskh.Aimpaublnecxstidfrmoapnleticv,mauleorfdtic.ThmasDonlLePrtdigfapcve:
oTriaeptcvmnusgtezoivnlprcabusemdintrlofcagp;
oTriaeptcvdsnbla
icumporalensftvdicor;
oTriaeptcvnsuml rdatebcsnfipoureamdtslgpikhor.
Dupcelsnai,rmdougent
85
aleuiFrdmnpotvcgzealrbuiptsmonelucapitdgr-menlsac,opimneu astdrcolpbi,unatedsmvfborcli-eanutsprdvizealFm.
Artebuisdangpflc,tuiaesdnoEprflzcuitames()ngdro,lpucimaetfzndirxcaemoptvdnilsur,eaocptmsunridacel,mrinvdcateuomi-slnfrvteuSUA,coEpa.
dIareicnvolftupgsaiecrnoztspaimrlcn,usetpAiargjldestbunpoicfavl,grjdu-secintaopml.esubridcnatgfplo,riucenmtsalopriefcdntsulbga.
npofidaursejcl,nxitgumarecsoptvnilrudecatfnUEilmercupoatsnigvldecm tasuoprilncfmbeEadtSUi.
Celmaisnvfctrpudiaeotcnrvmfpsbiloadgenmtprcv iloafstdecmrn,uopvil-satfcde( )onpsatuflceAmrizsdultonecErpafsizouenctplrmis avcoEupetrbinmdcaoepiltsdmcrab,nehuistgodrmaxleunipsgrtdoaeunimplcst.
RmnecuasptlrgiFd,necu-amrftobpldsi.
36R.2elvangobizrptucf
nDitefmpulrdcaozvitenm,blgarsdovtneicafrl,pusbtdneociral,gtpundsecorailz tnoae.
pAectsural
Pemsurcafilntopx-umer,cailspndemvtliardpecont,fubsariecnovd,uhaitr.Vlemo
86
consartepildfucenatporiudelsn.Dmxp,atidEurofevsliacdouxntref liuOoMcj.Deasmn,vrpidmucaonrlfti,eascprvthiunmlodera.Dstfinpumclaodtreivzpfun.Iacextrmdsivoanu,zeltCriM.Lcpao190dmteu2,firaoclmdebintMarBuhFecCongistramluecbpiadstrnoAgl.DupmcafinStevMs,odrCEOulfimnach-tesompiaublctrgvesn, -aiuotcmrlk3fC.nedgsouarpibctnmlzs-audovitexfrncpblteiadoscn,rlvpfime-auotdnrAvsgShiyMaeBrtnufcdsoplztinaubmgecrf.201h,FnCoeti-axmsgdpurnolcetiabr;hcutelnivdmr,petnaol.UdirpecfmstadinSlU.rocsezuabndgl,FhrCticseandmpiubltrc-senMaBi,drucoftmlepb.Chainro,cvmlbetupwNkYnSrFaoiscLAgel,mpukfastrnivdge.mDxp,lofitanNwuYrkzespmainlcurtogfezanidlcofreubtzpSgandlis-cepmlatruibneg.oSUA,cvstafmplideuzoranciItefslmukocvntidear so-lucnmeajdi,pvtrflocemaibsntr.Dglzecinufaptdslreif,xtoudnsmvcaerilhFContuseam.Pdpr,icnotfuealmvrdino,utabsceipdnl,vumoetarinchpl,ubjoret.PdapsbiMBrtne,udxosgaicnlmtezvordcipubltae,nSUAofrdisubapectlno,jxrmdpitaglenucrzmiaodenvtsg.Dpc-ufraetgi,ncldurmFhCoeatbsnliupcreamt,nsdu-ilkfcmapeotMTVr,nxvluisctepbr,maodilsbcent.Afprmoauec,nvglbizrdatoeunpcsivom,ultearzpsniucalt
87
locan,dreifptvmoauriegfcx.Dpl,mtjuaonrdiezbscpl,murainodecptbl.FsaroemjitplndEua,cemsripotfndauc,Pkisrpobdlate.Iuncigobzr:pedat,lfcingores-dpamtu,jcirnseltgobaumif.Pdpre,nstlogacuirevlz,gobatscnidefrlm,poucatnedrif-lsouct.
pAectslga
oPblemrduinjcaptf,emsrnzacoilpdegturnmaoisl,cdemuontrixacgvelsp.tLiunaoelcdrptsniauz.Decomprstiulaednogmctv,spuer-adinLTcgletvazusodnifr.c,mgeapotbzuxsivl ncdtreauzoil.nctr,dpumseaifolcgundsret,ioalzpnvdcretafoi,mvlcneusaifobtrgvnlx.Demup,iafcrgobnstlirugvenao,ptcsmrlivaunobepcgfjltrnIamoeudicplarnoegmtdijucplasroze
Rspuandoercil
uOrtscvpieman lorgbtucdesnimoarlptcednsgb.Muliaoeprncdmiat,enrsumodlteifavnr;uzopdselgbatcriunmsedagjtolpcir(une)maxdltipozcremguvnsf.i,-arputencmlosirdetungvlm.Dpi,PIB-uearcstoxvmglnipaeGroMs.tNumcn,gvlDearitbuspndfzloiresugmdatxnielcor, GMustndipcevmrfoal,ztnuidevmcroanuilepc.GrmtaonsdieSUA,BrzlumGacndpoietzlvsacmnpie.GroM,utxcnfleasprim,
8
odsebirungval,mpcerinust zoafdecugpri.Pnm,vtleoucsaidrz,tmpnofclaedrguvstnicampuseotrlidcafz.Itoelisrunpdmca ilortnvedcgmazosunilt,dfcpregaobz.CniMtfrulasecogbizprmuatldeskho.
36.Sustenabilvdozrcmg
nparluemcifovgbalzrsentuicdflaenruoistgdbmaplcferuoist.nmalcz,epsurondfibtalg.Imcevusrnit:
dMiuelstncmagrvpo,uslticnmrpodea,utbgilfzrec.Emsadoxtnf-vgrasemu,nctofirulectdsbapngruieozdstf;
Surselndgiab,pcmhourlestifncuarexplotv;si
Dominauecltrspdohwu-altycrengzpbmiodclatrevpzicadeurlo,fnmgvtxcsideabljor;
ntregulcoipamsfuntoelidca,uvnzorilmtdhecasunormlitdepc;
Turismldeacobnturdimlepa,sconhuiblrejdta.
Aparivgeunombldcstragenopifvcstdargebzuolnivcsatrdefi.DupoREhSmtn192,aiceps-uomltra(dineucvspt)lainomduer ftlacvispedr,zotnuialcsegr.Ebvodpntulaie
Substenilavdrpmoucnetiafrl,dopvecaingurfmdlts,peaucrim.nPtIspogurdeclaintompualecrsnizoptdubae.
ndpoaficestulzr ,nv
89
subtenilaofrpmdtie.bPalcusnotrmeigadlzvusnb,pcreWoCmifEvntdaDpleos:z-vurtnabiledocsfvpurznltioamecgrvtda-isfepolnc.
nPmuriae,dlpctsoxrimenudablcgernivuadplmtoscrinuez,pgalodbstricfme,nlagorvtdispuelncagritdesula.
Aceastpiunlxrmdofgeasn,uictlroxpesmnagutfcl,ridesnptzvfacriluensogairvt.
Iatdnec,r-opuivmzltares,conupdbitzsreadpnilmtougbeafcnirlpmtbuaf,dexnlcsitgrmpauvloecnisrmutabfnpericolvtmug.
gLndevoltazurbsip vaed-stifc,lrnou mavepzt,snbiludcroemahtngil, esoardbuntiflg.
Avndu-irlcemaogstn,ubiflvremocgjadnsulitr.mec,onpdsuabtil mrepnd,gobtivasceml.Auoinrabvt,decsmpiahrobldespctgifruanodespctlmianvueot.
Dmexupl,nvrcogits-ameunrodzi,tafclgvesupdrmi,atenscovbfilpmgraxdtne ousziprcmlaevt,ndogsirfcuzeltavodnicurmpeltzvs.iGrauncomp behlitrasocg,nmeilutdaor.

Cupintmr,celdoavinMreBt,shwAayVigcl(mpteundr-iasolmpcetu)zailnsopgrmdeutcafilordm-pn,utFelyibadzr,scopuetimlarspdezotnimulrbacv.Aestpoui-nmracle,upogtdziamrcetuvoldnripeaxtmos;cuprilFedy-agtsbvz
90
sugetivdFromSlpbacidnezrmolt.
ilanos-uremctfdpv,mexunlcazpotrifdRMna,ucstiorzBvOdemafchutlsproineCadMtuirNmlPconBet.Uargumpxdieoblvzatncusiel,dactxnmriehsupgalovt,eicnmdrpolgeaztcmirsnfdaeocljrnmi-saptdezvocuniarldefvzt.
atIdecfinmporvzltusabiencomp vtrsledniauz f:sbtleramnipugctfoalesimnr ctpoea,vndrsitlgceoma.
Dacestdfinpou raemncitlsoupdbae,vnitcfomuslabevriz,ndoctpsueirfanmc.Sbtlvoierspnacmlgteouiasrdmn petlubi.
36m.4apIlicuestnbrof
Totui,angersblfcdtomniu,aledtrmocaunvispb.Tertmcnufisgdexaorpuntiseblpdmanuri.
nDatdficesprulgxmafceior,pnldtubsaei,pondcrlmuetafi.Pobdnrcu,pmehaofbitldkngrusepaito,lcdrunemvaispt.
uTotni,cexlprmvasoutidenblcrsgvmat,oiepONG-urdlcma,stboipnvuemracldtfinpesvaoulrdctibesna.
DupmcreizanElkog,tbsfmpuaiehncdotblzrsmaivpefnorlztcdimsuaenvrolumdicpeagnsozfri,dmaentslpugorciavdestkhl,pozuniabrsemdlco,inaturps.Elkgodemctriapn,douemarilbstn:cg,oia.
91
pPecrstivaogl
Spmuneavidrcsbtlpngeraouictdvsgl.S-arpuenc,zts di(manleufcr)Ipsgitenablucopgxsivdertamnljuo.
Launivelmprofd,bstcgeunarobplmitc,undsrazpbiovet,ulncarsgbehiod(u,nmr)pcabsteolu(midgnzrafctes).
pPrinlcedbazsut,ivcolgerfanmustizclaeofvntsrpu.iSdcaoebmlrsuipctnfdvae,liumnsbtredfoalvcisnumetoar.
Lacelmoipfundrv,g bsteilaunodpmrceiat,nlzdu-spobcgervaitnmbfcdelvitrap-uonscelvmatdiprz,snuocimedault.
Perspctivaonmubl-rtianmodesclpvirtoenmc,dafuslitpenorcdfamulRstMw,pbni1974gdeaCulRom.ctrpfieonual,ctvidsrexpoaulitndcesrlaouitmpbdsregaloncitvubs.EomprechKnAtw,HaDlyvidPercxutonfmbailsupregocnbtila.
Implicaeuntrfosdgieptrucalfvn.Uomiesdubtlacnrzpefomiactr:sepobnilmaguvdzt,soprcieal dusgrceonmiptla.
pPecrstivaonm
Aceastupnr,ildo ategcrusbilovanrpce,ftuisoldacpvneu-trgioxzl,dascnmpetru.Uoailgdbsntecmuoaipfderclnmazitvorsleupc.
uMiretasmfodc,lxpnteubsiaorcvmnezufiaptrgl.Soesundcraiptvzefsl,ungdarictobepsaguinl:dcetompsragnfiudltco-a(p,iseuj)lrodznbastieucolr
92
econmi.
pPecrsotival
Aborduaestnilpvc edatrlincmsodetaruilzcpnedatoriufsclgezdinprvoausbltcerio.
ndpoacrfietsulv ndirecmaozlt.
vRezlrpotanucsifj,dreopblma-h tcusenidalmprctvesuijo.
pRoanrteluONUcsdientrvlubsadciem,rnsdaljtibogecr.Apsanitzufceodravislbznmute,codasifrpmultnevoad.
Datfindurolemczvni,afrlesutdcmvzipalesordcj.uPmipantrezslgdbuoaimchtenrsbgdvilucoanreszt,poulbianrce,mtvoiansubref.
46.ndrumapetovifc
nStezaiudvr6
nplus,datfiehrcou,lajncrsideboup,lntarimjezou vatpdrnic.
PoziandmtcrleugafimnostcdEurpeantiglo-mrc.Daesv,xnutp-imdergavounplsctiaremlgdskho
ncoseip,dturlag neoictrualfmsbpznirteglmsanocidebzvlt,upmrFaGniIscledEt,umarniocfpetdsanuiocv-ertflndsioca,prenfsticom.
Conmpuileastfrdcgv inuaftorpsdemgila.Frstfpbonuzemalidgtprocsenuvailrgos,tfcaepnuilmrbovdezat.
ThomasDnldiLePrtgfopavc:i
93
oTriaeptcvmnusgtezoivnlprcabusemdtilfrocagpn;
oTriaeptcvdsnblauiomcrpensftvdlaicor;
oTriaeptcvnsuml rdatebcsnfiuporeamdtslgikhor.
Globaizrestdvncfilor,epusbta;dnclegiatrspudoclezinatr.
nceaprivutsbl,necdfaurtil nosegdabrmupilctfoes.nmaultczri,pesondfbalug.Itmicevsrn:
dMiuelstncmagrvpo,uslticnmrpodea,utbgilfzrec.
Surselndgiab,pcmhourlestifncuarexplotv;si
Dominauecltrspdohwu-altycrengzpbmiodclatrevpzicadeurlo,fnmgvtxcsideabljor;
ntregulcoipamsfuntoelidca,uvnzorilmtdhecasunormlitdepc;
Turismldeacobnturdimlepa,sconhuiblrejdta.
nLegdzvoltarsubipeda-stfc,lrnuoviem pzt,sbnlaeudicomrhtganel,icsordbutaeflngi.
pContecirmdu
nGdirepatcv,xCou
ogbalizre,
subtenila,hkodrpc
teoriacv,
ntrebidoclmza
Gsialtemxpodcrniatespoblrc.
Damiexpldcston viauem.
Cumartebiscnodp meralctivznodusre10gaji.
Caresuntclmifo pv?
Caresuntclidombce?
Testvduar/lo
b)
1.Cmeurtoiapcvn?
a)srgunmtezvolipcarbusnemditlofcagrpn;
stabilecduomrpnftveislacor;
94
c)srpundlateb ficorpsneamdtlguirhkos.
b)
2.Ceurmtoiapcvnsl?
a)srgunmtezvolipcarbusnemditlofcagrpn;
stabilecduomrpnftveislacor;
c)srpundlabet ficporasnemdtlugikrhos.
52.
Cnaredtiumolfpcave?
a) xmiast;
b) mnoativr;
c) logic.
.4 Cestnuabil?
a) satfcinermbuodvlasncrit;
b)meniraptlugcfosiemnrtal
omncpteravd,silogcenma;
c)regulidompntavbsriul.
ociest
5.Caredintumolfpcave?
a) nmialst;
b) mnoativr;
c) dvescript.
oBibaglfert
53.
205
54.
55.
TSECIH,Bucresti201
95
96
Unaitdevr7
AFCERIN
Cuprins
17.
27.
37.
37.1
27.3
37.
oIndutrce
Obiectvlompnudar
Coniutldevar
Aocniargme
Afacerionsumt
Afaceringj;
47.3
uRrsenmapicltfdv47.ruenoaic
n7.1trodIuce
hSimbcaresnlpo
omiactul
de pia
douacefpitlsmnroae
upasr
capitlu.Conserd
ocratiuns
demupltrasoicn
dreptfunaml
omuliacetn.
mai simpl re prezentare c u putin,
avem n vedere drept ul individului de a dispun e dup cum d orete de
bunurile care i aparin n proprieta te exclusiv.
nCdvisebopar
oprietasucl
aflate, ca societi pe aciuni, n pr oprietatea c pitalului public, apar
vctaendifrxmpo,alitudnefcrpionsabltecr.
Relatidrpnzoscumtlaipneod,bzurltiecsofa.Ppb,durtncezipals-rguom,t
oferindu-lbsvctma,preuionbvl.
Liberta
d e aleg
odurseli
serviclp
carel
cumpara oncfera
ouncmsratlipze
mult
mai
puternica,
unctr
elnustgobai
cumpere ce ea ce
producatis
comeri
ntii gibapet,ncodmus
de
ei;dvmpoa,tr
consumatlpre dcnu
iconv,
astnfelproducim
lesntra-uim
nclitesau
nfalimt.e
Pedalt
parte,oisfc
oferapdusivcmxtl,noruaevidmctfrbnlepuacogtmirdnuplsaev;btcomfripuasledctir,onumasfepdctrnomulaivesbdt.
Conmpuileastrdnposeiaurtmfvdnlpecagjz.i
97
reguimolncst,fajvdrompletiusacgjrdtielasvcupon.
7.2Obiectvlompnudar
Obiectvlundar:
-
bSilrtaeongmcuv"ri,anost;
nDiefatcgmrl;
Precizalomptnuiraceofmtpdusl;
Realizrunsctodm;
bSilrtaepnocfvglbaizrnce;
nMifesatrulcopnsabite rl;
uDtaiscreoln,dfptaremnisol,udfc;
Conmpetluidvar:
tudsenivorpafcmgl;
studenivorpaclgmneri;
studenirboca venmidpto,urcals ;
msepuinlgracotdmelngjri;
arfioteulpncdsmailtenpuobgrfsatliucemr,sfazonpteldbcri;
studenirbocaplfdevitr;
mTpuilaoctn:4re
98
37.Coniutldevar
37.1Acionarmge
dMiuelafcroszvtneiadprovt,lbcnmipe.Chardflsuntb-ximzepro,fguslcndieaomtu,rgpldniecomsatpurdle.nPicosmuatrpedcbisnotr-umepcv.
Oricemplant,oseudclartpfizndbularco,inmgpebutrcoansiezpltubA.fcradsoxmizevlnutcar,p-ofsidelgnzamt,verciplsuaznteg.
Aceastopimlnguvrdetiplmafcrog.AnuedFim,patrcnguveblsimofrexnzdblgaifocset,un arilpbvscoetnadulrim,pctensdvalori ,pedat;lrfimxsceunalogvri.

Evnidt,cemajorpludfceimanob,rsplgetdfi.naovcrp,tesblumidafngrtepcovsi-afun,prlcmtoei:
Enticafersmbdgol tinaer;
Enticafersodplbu i,macenogt;
Angajioutrcmpe,dnvoitafcr;
gOanrizostuepmblc,di;Etangerpulvci.
nactiveupor ladesfunicrtoa.Exsegrimldptcanfeir(o)sudabcl.Pntpioefdacvumnpi.Aslt:gajo,ucmrinfztaegpo,lcs.Tiranuptegmlidr.
nMagericuosvxtmlnaiepcrtdz.Dbloafiecrnvmsutd,iferacztlondiremuc,asgj nitorlpdue,ascmtilzreaox.
nCd
nveisbopadrtu
9
pcorailfte,sunporacilb,tevdfnxrmipoacultedfrpi,csobnltae r:
Localizrenut.Spsmaifloncutrde ,maipolczendurs.
aFngmrteopi.Ocademulonir,t sapecoidrtlnm,sucaeitorldpsumecniatrolf;
Divzuneafclorts.Aminpauercodtvinabl
Datfindcesrloum tanidrecpolm,usniceatoupdrl.Evnm,gijcaestd-pruloiance,txfrumdpisale:
pDturelda-nivsoc;
pDtureldavongci;
pDtureladnimfoscpe;
pDturelda-iconjsgmpreu(o)ndcit;
bOligadeocnufmp.Astgbalieondfpvcrtmaei nu,scdpretiva-nmluogc.
Obligadecomptnsrz.S iaemgloctsndufrpeialmc;
Obligaden.Acstoripaedgnl,csfujmtpainogrelfdscvtmnpi.a
ncuterisload.
Anumpitedrzalchon.Esteimprcadtueringsmplo ctdinrfsaumogve.Apctasdin,rmefoulpcnagrid,tmshcazulnorepitfbdczaelorniug.Maedtoricnumpsla.Acetgobinrumpsalecif:
Sepoatbsrvcndilgmueftrdsnali.o,pcmuegrstadniopeclrtsua.Apnedmltcugrafientoblducrxv.
ntreacoimgsblpzntracue,dimf olrpeznta:cidu,mnesazpgricltdonezsur.Apctdilaemuorcatislpdneoruxtvci.
10
Onasemopcur,ditganlozrdist,cpaegmnlritcofearlnuspbmc-ieoganr;mdcsi,eoapfcrbitlveunomapsrcxldeio.
ntreaciogmxsuflndteri.Pocpueavlrin d,costmuariefnpgl,sctmaiue.znMrobslctmaipfnerdustgi,molvracn.
uTlaitrdposencm ta,uilescoprng azmetiorfnlp,udasxicermtnoa.
Counflictdersam olintecrmagzosdeiltcnprufa goi,letdrancboepzidstnalurefcgpiltaordskehu.Ncimfnedoluitacrp.
gManeriulsc,ft iernmga.lFtc,ozrenufspbagitovdernc.
Rspuandoercixtvf
nElemtucaiporg ldnteciarfoxuvplcnstieaurvpzicontleamgu,prsidefaltcvnrsioa.Degul,ctsndiro.Apluctaseriondmlc,seajugtrdconpail.
Pedopart,icxuvnsblderafctionulmpe.Pdatr,iconxuvmsedarfctionpsvemdt,ficorubaspgelmntcoir.
gManeriupotcfv slranidectxupoblarnfiteds,cpuoglridentca:
Directon-xvubspamiretdnfco;
Ebinutresacfpolderai,ntscol.Aeuprnamicosevtrlnufibzadmetplhucir;
Eitrebusfnmpocdaetiu,rnvpodcaeiurxtv;
Eitrebusaompcn vizeratopc.ns,mlEuare
10
ngduiemrscolvpz,fietrbadocxuvsenilt,rpbadocsuenmi;
Eitrebusafcndomiuetarcndlpoi;
Eitrebusfnmodp,ctre
adunreglcio,ftsupervz.
ndpouatfircesl,ndoitrxvecumhsla.
Pielfnacrutvojmpgei
Multvremns-adicpfouelnraic,sd-xuteapcoblmri.S-ndseactvpiolrfnbdseauzpintcorldeagsubmfnivtprceaolu dn,imjcetgfzaroliucndempasvtoriu.
56. Courectinda.gIlvsbpectuorilanmfvdutjpearcil.DMo,dsteargunmlcbi fvetoa;

.2
3.
Ataimpcregulbsnvficajutoprles,ndaicufelmor.Fzn,ahvituledcx.nmaspitruebcdz;laprmiegntobdculsmiaferon.
Dacionrulsde txagrumiscnozfpedratu,lsibxmperdzacouvglntieracdovlmipetungajsdoc.
Acestraionmbzpu erfcti,ndbospzamflecubinprvdoatlsuefcdpraino.Dtgmv,cbreiausnodt,cpearunbvil.z,psetfconrmailbute.
JenifrMoalzpgtumcersdonzituamlrfoipvegt:
uFrtoldepai.Ccvsgnerdtiulzabfcpsonmvterai,dulonmtcesa.Arglbozmijpcesntarulmfoipveg;
Dauneldsovtirp.Cczanmfvilegrtducosfapietlrn,cmduzavioestr;l
Sunbmareildofc.Rtirexvusbazpn-
102
credalonitvp rmdueaconit -lsr.dIeaingtovcmsparegnil,c-ozdtsuprieml,n acor.AstedupMg,mnlcairtevpouznmfailreg-t,cdnsiovlazfumtercnxvi.
Cutoaecgsmrn,ild oratuenspdchtie.
37.2Afaceriounmst
Afaceriluvnodsmt.Cbrifaceunopdsvlmeru?Spatniscd rfeat?Ailouncmsxtr-eaiboc:upldnfrteivcsaul,frmedtoinazcup;lro,teindcarupbisevonmatlupcrfvsiedoltz.
ntreafciosumxld.Peparto,ucnigzvlmsr.Stbnoiaufeml,tcuarviznebposmtfraviclexnsdbzo,utricaenI.vmou-rfipaesblncmtdroaes.
Pedaltpr,nvoiucms zdeltanifocr,pmetazunbisrv,cedopuis.Prtncmaoudegrisptcmona;lz-uipdectvonm,faruscelitponmravfeslud(contih,gmaerpowkcnsult.),ieavpr
ncazuriletspdxvmoeicral-funtp,edmoivraluntfcspevaodrit-fc.
ntrucselaidpzornfeuilt,svcomajdprnuieblmatcdsonrueif,cvmdtasprelinfoucmadprseivntf.
Costumricealpn
xPotisaeuncrmlpeatsifndoruc,evmotircalduzfs?nAveptclmoiraunespcl,tfdazuries.
SoreliyHndutscazg,erndiomultvsceria,pntu
103
caproduitsbnlercoumath,idlens fraitcdezbl.
Lanivelucosmtrd,ebipaclnrsudzmfo,ecalnritpumofaldenipsrmc,u-tlae.Lnivsoc,uprlategdimsoculranidemktg,pculroasnvemtiulrfconse.
37.Afaceringj
Compuartivcnelz,sgctr-opiemulvansjd.EteufpicablomrjnedticumazvolrpsnRiteagurclmbnodisfevrlcatodunmsi.
nCdvieorbsapltgjin,oueaprclsmtdin-oufer.Dc?mpilnd,atgjoriesmulacxpdtrnofiemusvcdpanori.t
Ofertanicosumlgp-hbdenri,vcaolmpsdetuicvga,mshbloreticL.gadnfoumtsrelaivpc.Angjustaleipron.Eczmubefilr,hadcstnmpoeglirdtua-fcnmshibrelut,vcnibamplfeu.Dstov,dnilcaeugrstmdnic,oaplexb.
Roluipzangjrecmd
gDeurlntpdivamserbonltifdagjm.Nucrpszo,vendfatlgjrobipseuncdm,tarilnpoesc.Curazlinpte-cgrjumandvilsec, oudmntsiprvaefl.
Vomanliztexcdpsfgajvuntedrpocialfnv.
Indifertpcoz-amsuhein,blgfroadjivescuntoapdlrisecgontv.CurapblmdeigojstcanvrRmidez,oacpstrnuliecdmna,tupvcireszandtolmgic.euPfralndoti,zeacmntrloidpufcnalsemtovib.
104
Dimpotrv,ul-daebsj ictmouav,lndpesrituacnofervdsi.Llmhb,ce-rpotnias ,dmectainulrvoedmcfitrlpuansge,i(cxo)ptrl.Dnaesvmiuopfdrzgecnmia,toslderviancut.
37.4Resurmanipctlfdv
Limbajulestdorpc,nigduaseprcvtlnmduisz,eoacltgr ofse.Amvuzcdpblrngajio,emutc-nildparesum.
Expresiatcodg:nmurelazofistpdnclure,aitdpmhongle,kw-tvc.Pirajunspgmetricaol,undszeimaxfcnurs.
Cutoaecsn,mglrpicmautdeslrnoicm.Felundaroipcst,femjlauiznpxrctof.Duindevrtc,mapofinutemjlac,rsinpectvafor.l
pDtureaimolngj
ncelurmazvotisdneprlmagjo,citdexrmpantic,esdrpngajtoilvsumerbcfadi.
pDturelamnc
nscriDelaupotOm,vircnCaoEupeDtlrOmi,dncoseatfulridpnm eou.aElstvdrincpfmaeloui:rnd,ptvacmuoferndbit,azls e;dornpitulacs,fbedraunipmcztosrajeulnidfcv.
pDturelansichb
npriuc,estxmdgfaopurliecngjtdbo,fievalrmuncpst.Eodiergulcasfz,npoimrbdtuecnslifpduoratec,fnumaoiterdcvslabneptidh,rcfoulmnpeaitrxclonusfaediprt.
pDtureolandcimv
pDtureolandcim ,stegnriaphomcslufen,ritadmplobevcnsutgajir,-mp encdlutrvoisa.
105
mUarelupntidscofvaeprtunmidcl,szaotervudnilsgaemtpuconivrgbaldseouncimbpltargjo.Dincesvm,aultprhondciemastprbonilmetz,cnaiudrspeotlg.
pDtureladiscfv
Conmpuileastrdpoeiaunrtmfvdslpecangjz.irumost,fecanvdrompltiusacegjrdtilasvcupeon.
Angajtuvlecsproid,aumnetfl,privdunmaotecfsluirb,cedtasopl-gi:creuvdaptosfinl;chegarutfins;vecgrlot.
hMelicmSsdtngparu viencdulpoatrsjezic:
oInlabvitefzc:gprsdtilanuevprsoial.
oInlabvitecs:rdunaioecrmdtvaspi.
oInlabvitemfrp:du aci,nemsurdtlpoafizr.
oInlabvitepshgc:udr -iontlaepumridnfslt-vezugrimnlpat.
oPblemranpdutisf:
-
nrilecaptsdzvo,gnuflcairmespobtfdangjilr,ceutodamlfengjtri.Guspoabzvfncedrtmgujli.Lopab,crtnsuligjpeozacniltgbefrda-cupntsli.
nmschbi,dpartegjlo nmdrezbiluaocgftedomnpialcruz,setofigranucldm,setpnaocuirjelgnmtdfc.
aLolitemr
Ctdeparbuismgclotfder?
Eosterbnzilapumcdreoflitanpgjsuxmitel,odncarspitevdonrbzla?
Cnestmpl,aricu odentlcmuviodraenglcptsoiuandrelv?
106
-
Dmexup,alcvsotnideruagjsvonlztmpi,d
npriucx,steagmvld incstarefbuidclnevaptr,sfoigmcrtaenfuolvisdcerptanfu.
rapotndmiclesu rniagjtmoscudevrlitnjspueafrm.
Dacompniesugj rtalocpnuviermladocntx,sefprbilamuotncedprsivaf.lt,muoeniscpra tumicodenvarlztu,mipsncvadefr.
nDaceistmov,gjrlucnioematspgdrniufcle.Sm,paznrociegltspvmdxc.Abaerlnovigfstucdapmnerzlit-osdcaper,vitunofcegzarmxp.l
Odatescoprimubnxldteaois,mpcnuredasit,cpnoreucsthgil,afnzrepodct-uail.nsrm,eotcilgsanrmopedu,cltrjiemnagop,ducrste.
Chiardcemsutbnoxpafiercsltungjoiacrlpdenu,zscatoprideuxnsmc,aflotpiuesrnmtlgcveuiradosx.
Unuldtreigajcovsmprtaendibl,ucxptevdrsiolhacnubegrpioadtcs,felnmuirdazps.nt-ofeligmubcdzntSaelUimwhos-bg.
47.ndrumapetovifc
nStezaiudvr7
mSchbinareslpoutdiacefplsmndroituac.lCsedritmocaune
107
mupltdreasoicnmftluaeni.cmsplrzutv,neadpli uscmdoretbnilapxcusv.Cndieorbaptsucilfe,opanrtcuilb,evadfnxtrmipoculedfratpi,csobnlear:
Localizrenut.Spsmaifloncutrde ,maipolczendurs.Filocentdur,silameuntxvc.Aorimade,lbunzctorimpesalutor;
aFngmrteopi.Ocademulonir,t sapecoidrtlmn,sucaeitorldpsumecniatrolf;
Divzuneafclorts.Amipuanercodtviablunerscod.Aiapmturnlof,ecdagiptmbrnsedzvolaictmp.Df,unoraeicsvpbltrfadeimcops,rtaeunibcdhofrtlepiasundclfrm.
oferindu-lbsvctmaie,
bLertaidlgopusvcemar
maiputernc,lsobg aeprductimngbo,pusedi;mtrvacnlospedurcaniv,tflposmercaudnt-ilsfme.Pdaprt,oic feduvsrmaoxpitl,cn vedmarfoitcbnlepuagrmitodnuplscev;abrtmfoiucpsledatro,unmicsfeapdtrnomulivsabedct.
nCesituvracomdp: lsunrat?
nPmuriae,ocdpstlveran,ci podutmeranicduflt,oaresnizcdtlpeomn.Cuavi,depozmtrauncslfi,demtorhnpuabilesdrcontaubildemprcgoutinea,lrpsdcibeonfuvatj.
nItrepdilvasumonbtifdegajr.lCuczsipena-tgrulcmjdinvase,rulocmnivtpaderful.
Resurmanipctlfdv
Roluipzangjrecmd
Relatindrpzosumc ltaienodp,bzrtulecisofa.Ppb,rdtuncezipalsg-roumt,
lapretuicm
onvcbeil.a
confera consumatorului o pozitie mult
nOfertaioucmsglph-bdenvri,caolmpsdnretiucvga,shmbloreict.Euazpnbeflirm,chdaustnpoeglirdtua-fcnmhibsrelut,vcbanmiplfeu.
Demproblangjiusc,dtea-nmilprdsue.Exatcpogrim:neluazfstprdicluoe,arpitmhnolgewk-c.Asf,ajiutpnmgercoal,disnzutexmaficrsn.Dputdev,oamifrnctejla,isrnpectvaiflor.
108
pDtureaimolngj
ncelurmazvotisdneprlmagjo,citdexrmpantic,esdrpnagojiltvumserbcfadi.
-uDreplatmnc
nscriDelaupotOm,vircnCaoEupeDtlrOmi,dncoseatfulridpnmoeu.aElstvdricnpfmaeluoi:rnd,ptvacmuoferdbint,zlsa;oerdnpitulcs,fabedrunipmcztosrajeulnidfcv.
-uDrepaltnschib
npriuc,estxmdgfaopurliecnjtdbo,fevalrmuncipst.Eodeglarfiz,nupmosdtbreclnuifapotdrec ,fanumitoervdcslbpeta,chirdufolmntepxrciaoulnsfdte.
-uDrepaltcondimv
pDtureolandcim ,stegnriaphomcslufen,ritadmplobevcnsutgajir,-mp encdlurvtoisa.mUepndcluorfitvaepnmducrli,stzaoev dnilsgaemtpuconivrgbaldseouncimbpltargjo.Dincesvm,aultprhondciemastprbonilmezt,cuarndspeotgil.
-uDrepaltdiscfv
Conmpuileastrdpoeiaunrtmfvdslpecangjz.miruost,fecanvdrmpltiusacegjrmditlausevcpon.Agj lariusdon,cemtflauv,pindr ectofsaluib,credtspol-gi:avrudetfosnplic;hegarutfnsi;vecorlgt.

Conceptirmdu
Afaceriton;
Aocniarsumt;Llze gObaidn;
ntrepzio;
Preuidnmpg;Loalt
Moralite;
Invbioltae.
ntrebiodclmaz
57. Carestoblignm?
2.
3.
.4
5.
Descritoblgpafmn!
Explicatrendosmg.
Descritldouapnrictsmage.
Avrenoiucmsatgldp?
109
nPcipraleobmt dnrisageczuolmpt!
Prezngtaiumlcsdoenrtiuamlzforpviegt!
Prezntaifcoudslmpreaocigblznfr!
Pecsbazrlindtpocsumaeid?Explncmajoritesvpul,fxbareio
preuidnmg,aot?
Testvduar/lo
58.
AfirmaSocetxsupn dfriotemas,npucdvrloebita:
da)evrt;bfls
c)afirmnuelgtposbcia.
.2 Carestcopulnifm?
a) scoatunprfime ;
b) satifcnmbueodvlsacrit;
c) nicoafrmeust.
.C3enlgipobradcufmne?
a)potenfidvcrsmaiepntu,cdrsvaipentmluogc
b)seatpndirgmlocsufiapreonlmc;)saugnjptdelimrofsactviempn.
.C4efldraxistncoum?)elidat;
b)reloaidcnt;su
n5.Sdtaelricfbusdelinvaprt?
a) da;
b) nu;
c) xnuistegcolrd.
oBibaglfert
59.
60.
DANCURI-Eticanfer.Osuod,ASBtic
61.
62.
TSECIH,Bucresti201
205
10
Unaitdevr8
CETAIFLRON
Cuprins
18.
28.
38.
oIndutrce
Obiectvlompnudar
Coniutldevar
oPblemraticufnd oale
38.1
28.3Pricpdebazltnfoi3,8.Culrasetcnfio
38.4Problemtic,gadfun
58.3oPmbrelticnpvdagusor,blemvpindtcau
48.ndrumapetovifc
18o.Indutrce
Enticaferlovzudncitmralepsoubidcznalextv,fprihcelunmadsfortvinucme,altri.
Aceastdivrulmnfpeoatrivc.nbsuoalregimt,cnpudaseflrvci-bnudemoalrvcinptfda?Ebe,runslig:tcoamnbuerldistfcpaovrlminet.
8.2Obiectvlompnudar
Obiectvlundar:
-Stabilrenogmxps,tcaferilon;
-DefinraEtclo;
-Precizaobutdlsfneria;-RlzusctnAfaeriol;
-Definraploct e;-Prizaovluct
-Realizrunsct aferi;-Cunotldcpaie;
Conmpetluidvar:
-
1
-
tudsenivorpaclm;
studenirbocamltndreifpacvomlrte,unpaci-br;
msepuinlgracotemulnri,patfcoeurni;
arfioteulpncdsmailtenpuobgrfsatliucemr,sfazonpteldbcri;
tudenivorasfc ltnoiae;
studenirbocavl unmrepictsaoldf;
mTpuilaoctn:4re
38.Coniutldevar
38.1Problematicfund oale
gAnumrtelpzacio d,mlesupnrabictvsemupraicnf dzetm,cinausbolertidgcanzelmr.
Dnar,pudectosgmirlaeu-tsfdvbiplcxaeundomsti,frpeauchlovntsfriae.
Unmporitvuecablsfnitroaespvcuznldtrmgaibespcuv.Pno-dt,iepurlvnatociprglenmaozpidlunsrtcemao.
Chiardcupesonltj,igeoanrzmpsl,cuieotarbdg,nspuerimoal-z.
nafrdegumtlpzoci7ar,sxneupbltiocar,edu
12
obiecnlmastdprze.
Enticaferlovzudncitmralepbsouidcznalextv,fprhicealunmdsfortvinaucme,ltri.
Datfindmrevsoulafcinrte,pmblucaosnfrtdeimpula,crozeigbstlaundrmoepitclva:f,dresticoulafmdnrgeioplu;f,datrepoimclstudeafrni opz.
Fiecardntsouglvpeziatjdnucversiom,anduprfitleoam.
Pstraeicodulp,brteazviomldnerg,avutjcmnipfeaustrobic,zv mehntdparosuilbcea,ondstiprgulfmeano.
Dnezavtjuolmrcsipbfxntualemipostrundefacoipblnusetgramipcbdulest,anhirp-ulgedotfnmraizucpoesnmarfvizucolemtdpvia.
xFibletacodurp ilenmcoartpuilesnzdomatprcubeisnl,coprfte.a
Dezavntjldimsugrcopebldingerastcoplidufaer.nDzvtjmpibl,daserotungcifploremtansilcufrdeponamtilurjcezodspianlr,cemduzosabniptlrevdchbaslfm,nptierocusxanipterdmcnaivupetrosdng.
38.2pPrincdebazltfo
nmodseifcatv,lrbuencdiosaprvblteguidznafcrtol.Dpe,mudinacsroteuimdlsgv,artopniecmruosfaplt encduaprivmtnlefcordativeuzcfmlropaigb.
Muoltepbmriancsdgluetorivfcanp.Imtesul
13
opblemrcnaisutdfjepomncitarls,eupni.c
Odatnpumsicre,olvafntrioecudal,ntr-imecuzsp,otvnrmaiulecgodnprtaivemgbl.
mLubailj
stenurimalodc,sezunitmplrdcvose.Cunia-rbl,ztpgesodnyua
sauexprifclot,ndmjesifca.Cuvorblmtesgcaviunpr,tedfcalomijsunpetdcaro-vbln.Ngectmsajrouxlpectmroiansluegcf.
Concepagrlis
Carestlbzoicujdnmealrpotch,inazulvrdestpcifaunmoe,drctplsinamoeufprct,i-ansmeuolrtfci.
unmlbearx,dpovcsitnmaeuxprhIsl-covDmnez.Abadufiptrsce,naodlicmsptnrebuioadflstp,uec-rzmastxpei,fclnmuapdorienltmucasdforgei.
nDpicate,rduxsbofanmret,dcilosfaetnuiorl,cgzpasvteimnrflo.
38.aCultrsiecnfo
Aceastvdriulnmfpetoarivc.nbsuloiregmat,cnpdsefluarvci-bnudemoalrvcniptfdar?
nPtrueapdsilcnvouet,dasimbrpeuoc,dnviabestroinapvl,cuesr.
Eibne,rpuslg:tocamiubnlerdstfcpaivlornmet.
ntr-odeficvamlu,pznbsdoevairl,cgmpntueo,iavrlgbcmunesoit,arzdlcmbesign,toazpdueflmivnsrauecli.Ctnsomradgein,t-ouagserlmpcib,
14
grelia,obcudj.
uVnizeasoctdprimalsenftrdvzompcaei,gnutrdcoasiezultvnparidfce.
Unelmtuacrixofdnebslpmacurtif,neoalgrctsunepoabdvrlitensuca.
mLubilesajtnrodc,usezmlanitprdcvose.Cnialgrtbzocueijadnsmlrpotech,ianzulvrd stpcaifeunmo,drctpelsinamoufeprct,i-ansmuoelrtfci.
dEvent,ialourcmpsdnliareo ftpumlgsaceri.
38.4Problemtic,gadfun
63. aSrizlengjo,cupmtialnervcdoztsbimaunpreclgdo,stmuiac.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Celmaisnboprdcuftailenmos:
aMmngueltfiordpcamnleu,rdstpobic.nge,marlfsoducitznmagerl,pdoucfinmagerld.
Dniscrmaeflotpbd,crimneovsatufp-z,rcnmgaoeisultpd,rnceilogas.Cmputrilnaoedcpubrilnogestmcahr-plitvg,esacdmnrifelodLumaTrinpztocgedmbu.
Anagrejomilucst,dpanerimtgcosbleavpritmdonscaluie.tnzsvocargml,fupteiorangjmlcsfpitedoaubnz,rcspetivdalmufosceri,bvagnd.
Msurileodptcan blemrcadtipfoneralcvigtmorpubnledimarsbvoznltecp,di
15
muncitordeasl ft.Ecu:nmeroasid,lvutrgeamnciold.Spveratofimnslgxecaprivtmulsdon.
Acestanurpgidfv,eamnultodcgrbilmpetva.Dchruibpensgtalor,ucidebafrmolunctpze,isadcruileadmtcpnrouilesvdzta:criun,sl.Totceapmuribndstcoelugxniamcor.
38.5Problemticvpndasguor,elpbmvindtcau
Datfindpuermcsoladinurezvt,gsalxdpociunmrt(esalgodcuiznmptrefoalubic),mtnerpdasoiuvceltnfra,bpiscemvt.
Nicnastfeldurgmopteivnldrsacfoeitnhzardmcelosptiv,unafrodcilesptv,bnamrdcue.ltzisvobanmrkgdeutfica.
nuelcazgri,somtpnl,ericdasofbuztmgrniesax,cjutfdlemaiorgunt:dcipermsahzobunvcdmialtoe,rbuznpcmsiatdrleunocgaiptrmfunoe,slaviptrudmcefsvobatil,crnempuit.Eabnesuolvrz-gdctain,efupormlcs.
oPblemraisdcnuervapoticlsneumroadic.lzestbvarpodu,mniclefstradpvin,ourefctdasbinvcoturepldLmaTi.
16
48.ndrumapetovifc
nStezaiudvr8
oLcalizrenut.Spsmaifloncutrde ,maipolczendurs.Filocentdur,silameuntxvc.Aorimade,lbunzctorimpesalutor;
aFngmrteopi.Ocademulonir,t sapecoidrtlmn,sucaeitorldpsumecniatrolf;
mSchbinareslpoutdiacefplsmndroituac.lCsedritmocaunelpsritcaundfmleoitau.ncmpslrez ti,avnduplesmcdortbunilapexvcs.Cndiboparetuscilf,opeanrtcuilb,evadfnxtrmpoicluedfratpi,consblear:
Divzuneafclorts.Amipuanercodtviablunerscod.Aiapmturnlof,ecdagiptmbrnsedzvolaictmp.Df,unoraeicsvpbltrfadeimcops,rtaeunibcdhofrtlepiasundclfrm.
nPmuriae,ocdpstlveran,ci podutmeranicduflt,oaresnizcdtlpeomn.Cuavi,depozmtrauncslfi,demtorhnpuabilesdrcontaubildemprcgoutinea,lrpsdcibeonfuvatj.
nCesituvracomdp:lsnuatr?
Relaindtrpozucmslaiteondp,bzuralteicof.Ppb,rduitsecnaz plr-geconsumati,dfbrvcunalite,pomvb.
Libertadlgpousvc emarnfosutlipzmcern,ustobligapecdrmnitabgpo,cused;imtrvanlpocserduaniv,tflcpormeaudsnt-ilcfme.Pdaprt,oiscefduvrmacoxpitle,nsvdmarcfoeitbnlpuacgrmitodnuplsev;abcrtmfoiupsledactro,unmisfeapdctrnomulivsabedct.
nOfertaioucmsglph-bdenvri,caolmpsdinretucvga,shmbloreict.Euazmpnbeflir,chadustnmpoeglirdtnua
17
de-afcnumishbrltnu,evicbamplf.
nItrepdilvasumonbtifdegajr.lCuczsipena-tgrulcmjdinvase,rulocmnivtpaderful.
Resurmanipctlfdv
ncelurmazvotisdneprlmagjo,citdexrmpantic,esdrpnagojiltvumserbcfadi.
Roluipzangjrecmd
Demproblangjiusc,dtea-nmilprdsue.Exatcpogrim:neluazfstprdicluoe,arpitmhnolgewk-c.Asf,ajiutpnmgercoal,disnzutexmaficrsn.Dputdev,oamifrnctejla,isrnpectvaiflor.
pDtureaimolngj
-uDreplatmnc
nscriDelaupotOm,vircnCaoEupeDtlrOmi,dncoseatfulridpnmoeu.aElstvdricnpfmaeluoi:rnd,ptvacmuoferdbint,zlsa;oerdnpitulcs,fabedrunipmcztosrajeulnidfcv.
-uDrepaltnschib
npriuc,estxmdgfaopurliecnjtdbo,fevalrmuncipst.Eodeglarfiz,nupmosdtbreclnuifapotdrec ,fanumitoervdcslbpeta,chirdufolmntepxrciaoulnsfdte.
-uDrepaltcondimv
pDtureolandcim ,stegnriaphomcslufen,ritadmplobevcnsutgajir,-mp encdlurvtoisa.mUepndcluorfitvaepnmducrli,stzaoev dnilsgaemtpuconivrgbaldseuocnimbpltargjo.Dincesvm,aultprhondciemastprbonilmezt,cuarndspeotgil.
-uDrepaltdiscfv
Conmpuileastrdpoeiaunrtmfvdslpecangjz.miruost,fecanvdrmpltiusacegjrmditlausevcpon.Agj lariusdon,cemtflauv,pindr ectofsaluib,credtspol-gi:avrudetfosnplic;hegarutfnsi;vecorlgt.

Enticaferlovzudncitmralepbsouidcznalextv,fprhicealunmdsfortvianucme,lri.
uCraltoneicsmdg nteir-ouasglmpcib,reoulgdjc.nEmtebazsu:
Limbajulestnrdco,usemzlanitprdcvose.
18
Concepagrlistbzujoacdenmrlipth,acnzuordivestpnfaumoice,drtplsniamoeutfprc,i-asmenutolrfci.
dEvent,ialourc mpsadnlireoftpumlgsaceri
pContecirmdu
Afaceriton;
Aocniarsumt;Llze gObaidn;
ntrepzio;
Preuidnmpg;Loalt
Moralite;
Invbioltae.
64.
65.
.T3rsuiletcnafomp?4Puvltersancomi!5Cu.etafr
6.Caresuntpcidbzlfernoai?u7.Ctsmglnera!
ntrebidoclmza
Centlgiprcsaomv enltiafcr?
Caresuntgmlicop?
xEplicatemdornu!
Caresuntcldopi bzmnecautrlid?Ds nepri
Descritlmodnazpbreicmgt!
Testvduar/lo
66.
Caresunotvilpcmdbenafri?o)slu
nbter)isulaocp
.2 Carestcopulnifm?
a) scoatunprfime ;
b) satifcnmbueodvlsacrit;
c) nicoafrmeust.
67.
Cenlgioprbadcfumnie?
a)potenfidvcrsamiepntu,cdrsvaipentmluogc
b) seatpndirgmlocsufapreinlmc;
)c serflanugjmptdioerslacvtmpni.
19
68.
Cefldraxistncoum?)relidat;
b)relaicodnt;us
5.nSdtaelricfbusdelinvaprt?);
b)nu;
c)xnuistegolrd.
uStdaizec
Ofirmudestncaplo ireAutNanlpoPcCsmAuri()entgpcabsjGreinfotdla,cuzbseiormntdpa.
PotrivunmcalANCp,esitrozfucdgpleanstorfi.C38dmeupalctnBribsjgaPlKten,GrcuiofmSyHldarehnitcousv .LapldefrntiuGg,mvzarendiu-potcalr,defu inatodcmelsr,uvnfci.Dpesta10ormv,uifdlaBcentoupsr.Dilact,18oneupCialrfztsecuon,dbvarpeztlfimdus.C18oarnpeliScP,udstfaonjr.Eimclptea,fndgobsriuzacldgebjort.
oDarecndugiztfoasleurc,iztANPCamslfuociehpndr.tIascuolvenptgrz,sialcendfrvupbzst,oaencilrvzduteafc.nrmsovip,tuaedcSnHoyli20mupetrsacdif30omnleuptrscaz .Todp,inetsurmac3zlnpd18mobier,atgsuzvlcoriepdgbasutncl2zierd.
ntrebi:
pCumreaciondtgsfli?
oAustnfclaepirdgmtu?sDac,expli.
oBibaglfert
69.
205
4. ADCOINESUMRL ticanferEdo.Bbl,us207
5. NASRCEDIUMT,OX N-ticagsnoerf,Ed.
TSECIH,Bucresti201
120

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CUPRINS

Pebuazdstoirncl, emurasctpolin zmraefdt,sicvoblnegurfatisc,enmovau trbis-ezpnm,uldrsectoimnal.

Unitaedvr1. 2Unitaedvr3. 4Unitaedvr5.

Aloiaurtnsdcem vplaitnesfcrou tmldeic.Tnr sftuazldcein,rsobpfueciltragmn.

nDpivectrsoma ,fzngulsitecom;pra dsitn,ucolarefs.

Oricemoalnstzp iv.Cualenct,sbrfmoeaniptucsdreafiotvmp(cndsr).xDelu,ciptv:noefarmsuic.Untovepdul:icrbsfaomne.Mixplct,dvrsfe(moai)pltcnurbsf imoae.

Opartendmoilcug .strUnelidpcbu sfaemvindlp,ro

Observailfcutnm zpdeisatnfc(morl),guesintpodzvlar uceim,pnatrsfluziemodvrac.Astpnfidemoucal,zvtrbh-pgsedlaiorcntvedualsgir.

pRostaicemhr ubsiectvmnldpoariste,cprvadlou:ienmc-fbsl,turieopcmlfzhi-e.Obctsaunpro mivlet,ascumorvl,asdenuitocr.Plvbet,aoprinscluvzematrpfin

nacestopmlidzbu,r ceafsuilrdtnaceopulntsabremijclodafrepbmucsontaferil.Dvm,-dnuotcesar.Aivuo,ltmecadr.Nin-su tlmapoerinu,Ecvt.Uadeorlscptzagumenlsiordbthcea-numivroytl,acuizdxeoprsmltnuceArioaEtmh.

de zbateri publice, orumfi,

uGrilestnpfo,vc maeurinfldoc maitfr,depunbvstimaroelpnug .Estimorafceudn,ztiacorsfneluaic.

Oridectnoulsmafictovrenmla,sduioprtecha lfi,mntderuacs.I,mvdeStrnbugli:ohcs neam,truposcfilmaentbudcilrv.

vNeluioma-crsfgnt ialeomcru, f.Cneptlacursozevtnli:adrpgm.oPbeusnxctlivmardeufoscp,ntideumlro:Cascpib?Etervaunpdoi?Estemlrgnapi?CeotbuslnafcrSethibpolmdzarectfi?

42. Undecprsobiltaf gnzrudest?

i cnd apar dificulti, majoritatea

kNepiractnsuolzb irtecomnp.[1aMUREAN207]sfuditremplaoc eitmxlsndou:prveictbandomulrspicetfnd198,ComulseRpbitaScnfmsre201,piuloatdnbscfpuliomtre201.

i cnd apar dificulti, majoritatea

gLndevoltazurbsip vaed-stifc,lrnou mavepzt,snbiludcroemahtngil, esoardbuntiflg.

Dmexupl,nvrcogits-ameunrodzi,tafclgvesupdrmi,atenscovbfilpmgraxdtne ousziprcmlaevt,ndogsirfcuzeltavodnicurmpeltzvs.iGrauncomp behlitrasocg,nmeilutdaor.

Aceastopimlnguvrdetiplmafcrog.AnuedFim,patrcnguveblsimofrexnzdblgaifocset,un arilpbvscoetnadulrim,pctensdvalori ,pedat;lrfimxsceunalogvri.

56. Courectinda.gIlvsbpectuorilanmfvdutjpearcil.DMo,dsteargunmlcbi fvetoa;

pDtureolandcim ,stegnriaphomcslufen,ritadmplobevcnsutgajir,-mp encdlurvtoisa.mUepndcluorfitvaepnmducrli,stzaoev dnilsgaemtpuconivrgbaldseouncimbpltargjo.Dincesvm,aultprhondciemastprbonilmezt,cuarndspeotgil.

Conmpuileastrdpoeiaunrtmfvdslpecangjz.miruost,fecanvdrmpltiusacegjrmditlausevcpon.Agj lariusdon,cemtflauv,pindr ectofsaluib,credtspol-gi:avrudetfosnplic;hegarutfnsi;vecorlgt.

pDtureolandcim ,stegnriaphomcslufen,ritadmplobevcnsutgajir,-mp encdlurvtoisa.mUepndcluorfitvaepnmducrli,stzaoev dnilsgaemtpuconivrgbaldseuocnimbpltargjo.Dincesvm,aultprhondciemastprbonilmezt,cuarndspeotgil.

Conmpuileastrdpoeiaunrtmfvdslpecangjz.miruost,fecanvdrmpltiusacegjrmditlausevcpon.Agj lariusdon,cemtflauv,pindr ectofsaluib,credtspol-gi:avrudetfosnplic;hegarutfnsi;vecorlgt.

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