Answer Exercise 8 ZCA 101/4 2016

1. The force applied is the force of gravity, therefore we can write:

2. a)

:
b)

:
c)

3. Apply Pascals principle to the new system (in other words, apply it after F1 is doubled and A2 is
reduced by a factor of 3). Using primes to indicate the new quantities, you have

You know that

where the unprimed quantities are the original quantities.

Use these equations in the previous equation and solve for

4. First, convert the atmospheric pressure to Pascals.

7.60102 torr = 101, 325 Pa
Then,
P = gh
h = P/(g)

=
= 10.3 m
Thus Blaise's barometer must be taller than 10.3 meters. A comparable mercury barometer would be
0.76 m tall.
5. In air, Wc,air = 144.2 N mc,air = W/g = 14.7 kg
In water, Wc,wat = 131.5 N mc,wat = W/g = 13.4 kg
Apparent weight loss = Buoyant force, B = Wc,air Wc,wat = 144.2 131.5 = 12.7 N
So,
B = watgVwat = 12.7 N
The volume of crown Vc,wat = volume of water being displaced Vwat
So,
Vc,wat = Vwat = B/watg = 12.7/(1000)(9.81) = 1.29 x 10-3 m3
Then,
c = mc,air/Vc = 14.7/1.29 x 10-3 = 11,395 kg/m3
As we know, density of gold = 19,300 kg/m3
So, the crown is not a pure gold
6. a) Since the wood's density is 740 kg/m3 and water's density is 1000 kg/m3, 74% of the wood is
under water while 26% is out of water.
26% of 32 cm = 8.32 cm of wood out of water
It really is this simple!!
Other method: using the floating equation

Find Vfluid displaced 0.0242 m3

Vobj floating = 0.323 0.0242 = 0.0086 m3

Then,
Area wood = 0.322 = 0.1024 m2
So,
Length of wood floating, x

0.0086/0.1024 = 0.084 m

b) To be just level the density of the object must equal the density of water.
Wood Volume = 0.32m * 0.32m * 0.32m = 0.033 m3
Wood mass = 740 kg/m3 * 0.033 = 24.4 kg
Density of wood needs to be equal to density of water = 1000 kg/m3
We need 1000 kg/m3 * 0.033 m^3 = 33 kg total mass
check
33 kg / 0.033 m3 = 1000kg/m3 ok
So,
33 24.4 = 0.86 kg of sand needs to be a placed-on top of the wood cube.
If you need that as weight, multiply (0.86 kg x 9.8) = 83.2 N.

However, the wood block with sand will be neutrally buoyant. In other words, if you carefully push
the wood block with sand under water it will stay were you put it.
FUN TIMES
7. Since the top of the jug and the spigot are both open to atmosphere, the pressures P1 and P2 must be
equal. Since the jug is much larger than the spigot, you can assume the velocity of the water at the
top of the jug is nearly zero. This allows you to simplify Bernoullis Equation considerably.

Since the density of the fluid is the same throughout, you can do some algebraic simplification to
solve for v2.

Since the difference in height is 0.2m, you can now easily solve for the velocity of the water at the
spigot.

Notice that this is the same result you would obtain if you had solved for the velocity of an object
dropped from a height of 0.2 meters using the kinematic equations... this should make sense, as
Bernoullis Equation is really just a restatement of conservation of energy, applied to fluids!