PHYSICS

Class

II IIT-JEE Achiever 2016-17 (ITP)

Intensive Revision Program
Solution to Worksheet 15

Topics

Waves

Date:

21-12-2016

Multiple choice questions with one correct alternative

1. An open of sufficient length is dipping in water with a speed V vertically. If at any instant l is length of
tube above water then the rate at which fundamental frequency of pipe changes is
(C is the speed of sound in air)
CV
CV
(A) 2
(B) 2
2l
4l
CV
CV
(C)
(D)
2v 2 t 2
4v 2 t 2
Ans (B)
2. A bird is singing on a tree and a man is hearing at a distance r from the bird. Calculate the displacement
of the man towards the bird so that the loudness heart by man increases by 20 dB
[Assume that the motion of man is along the line joining the bird and the man]
9r
r
3r
4r
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
10
10
5
5
Ans (A)
3. Two loudspeakers are emitting sound waves of wavelength with an initial phase difference of

. At
2

what minimum distance from O on line AB will one hear a maxima?

(A) 25
100
()
15
25
(C)
3
(D) 50
Ans (C)
4. A man standing in front of a vertical wall at a certain distance beats a drum at regular intervals. The
drumming rate is gradually increased and he finds that the echo is not heard distinctly when the
drumming rate becomes 2 beats in 3 seconds. He then moves nearer to the wall by 90 m and finds the
echo is again not heart when the drumming rate becomes 1 per second. From this data, the velocity of
sound must be
(A) 330 m/s
(B) 340 m/s
(C) 360 m/s
(D) 180 m/s
Ans (C)

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5. A wave with a frequency of 30 Hz travels along a string at a speed of 36 meters per second and reflects
off a free end. How far is the first node from the end of the string?
(A) 0.2 metre
(B) 0.3 metre
(C) 0.4 metre
(D) 0.6 metre
Ans (B)
6. The mathematical forms for three sinusoidal traveling waves are given by,
Wave 1: y(x, t) = (2 cm) sin (3x 6t)
Wave 2: y (x, t) = (3 cm) sin (4x 12t)
Wave 3: y (x, t) = (4 cm) sin (5x 11t)
where x is in meters and t is in seconds. Of these waves:
(A) wave 1 has the greatest wave speed and the greatest maximum transverse string speed.
(B) wave 2 has the greatest wave speed and wave 1 has the greatest maximum transverse string speed.
(C) wave 3 has the greatest wave speed and the greatest maximum transverse string speed.
(D) wave 2 has the greatest wave speed and wave 3 has the greatest maximum transverse string speed.
Ans (D)
7. A sinusoidal wave travelling in the positive direction of x on a stretched sting has amplitude 2.0 cm,
wavelength 1 m and wave velocity 5.0 m/s. At x = 0 and t = 0, it is given that displacement y = 0 and
y
< 0 . Express the wave function correctly in the form y = f(x, t):
t
(A) y = (0.02 m) sin 2 (x 5t)
(B) y = (0.02 cm) cos 2 (x 5t)
1

(C) y = (0.02 m) sin 2 x 5t +

4

(D) y = (0.02 cm) cos 2 x 5t +

4

Ans (A)

8. The equation of a plane progressive wave is y = 0.02 sin8 t . When it is reflected at a rarer
20
medium (medium with higher velocity) at x = 0, its amplitude becomes 75% of its previous value. The
equation of the reflected wave is:
x
x

(A) y = 0.02sin 8 t
(B) y = 0.02sin 8 t +
20
20
x
x

(C) y = +0.015sin 8 t +
(D) y = 0.015sin 8 t +
20
20
Ans (C)
9. String 1 is connected with string 2. The mass per unit length in string 1 is 1 and the mass per unit length
in string 2 is 41. The tension in the strings is T. A travelling wave is coming from the left. What fraction
of the energy in the incident wave goes into string 2?

1
8
Ans (D)

(A)

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(B)

4
9

(C)

2
3

(D)

8
9

10. A string of length l is fixed at both ends. It is vibrating in its third overtone with maximum amplitude a.
l
The amplitude at a distance
from one end is:
16
a
a
3a
(A)
(B) 0
(C)
(D)
2
2
2

Ans (A)
11. A small pulse travelling with speed v in a sting is shown at t = 0, moving towards free end. Which of
these is not correctly matched:

(i)
(ii)
(iii)

L
v
2L
t=
v
3L
t=
v
t=

(A) (i)
Ans (B)

(p)
(q)
(r)
(B) (ii)

(C) (iii)

(D) None of these

12. Two strings, A and B, of lengths 4L and L respectively and same mass M each, are tied together to form
a knot O an stretched under the same tension. A transverse wave pulse is sent along the composite
string from the side A, as shown to the right. Which of the following diagrams correctly shows the
reflected and transmitted wave pulses near the knot O?

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

Ans (A)
13. Two slits separated by a distance of 1 mm are illuminated with red light of wavelength 6.5 ant 107 m.
The interference fringes are observed on a screen placed 1m from the slits. The distance between the
third dark fringe and the fifth bright fringe is equal to:
(A) 0.65 mm
(B) 1.625 mm
(C) 3.25 mm
(D) 0.975 mm
Ans (B)

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14. String I and II have identical lengths and linear mass densities, but string I is under greater tension than
string II. The accompanying figure shows four different situations, (a) to (d), in which standing wave
patterns exist on the two strings. In which situation it is possible that strings I and II are oscillating at the
same resonant frequency?
String I
String II
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

Ans (C)
Multiple choice questions with one or more than one correct alternative/s

15. A source is moving across a circle given by the equation x2+ y2 = R2, with constant speed

330
m/s, in
6 3

anti-clockwise sense. A detector is at rest at point (2R, 0) w.r.t. the centre of the circle. It the frequency
emitted by the source is f and the speed of sound, c = 330 m/s. Then

3
R
(A) the position of the source when the detector records the maximum frequency is +
R,
2
2
(B) the co-ordinate of the source when the detector records minimum frequency is (0, R)
6 3
(C) the minimum frequency recorded by the detector is
f
+6 3
(D) the maximum frequency recorded by the detector is

6 3
f
6 3

Ans (A), (B), (C) & (D)

16. A pipe of length 1 m is closed at one end. The velocity of sound in air is 300 ms1. The air column in the
pipe will resonate for sound of frequencies
(A) 75 Hz
(B) 225 Hz
(C) 275 Hz
(D) 375 Hz
Ans (A), (B), (D)
17. When an ultrasonic wave travels from air to water
(A) the wave bends away from the normal
(B) the wave bends towards the normal
(C) Speed of the ultrasonic wave is greater in water than the speed in air
(D) Speed of the ultrasonic wave is greater in air than the speed in water
Ans (A), (C)
18. In a longitudinal stationary wave
(A) there is no transfer of energy in the direction of propagation of wave but the phase of oscillation
travels in the forward direction
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(B) maximum increase of pressure occurs at displacement nodes

(C) maximum decrease of pressure occurs at displacement nodes
(D) the pressure at displacement antinodes is same as what it would be in absence of the wave
Ans (B), (C), (D)
19. A sonar works with a signal of frequency 4 104 Hz. The velocity of the wave in air and water of
320 m/s and 1400 m/s and the wavelength are a and w respectively. The echo of a signal is heard after
0.8 second, after reflection from the bed. Then
(A) a = w
(B) a = 0.23 w
(C) depth of bed = 560 m
(D) depth of bed = 1020 m
Ans (B), (C)
20. In a mixture of gases, the average number of degree of freedom is f. With rms speed of molecules being
c, the velocity of sound will be
f +2
f
(A) c
(B) c
3f
6
7
(C) cannot be related without temperature
(D) for a diatomic behaviour, v = c
15

Ans (A), (D)

21. A narrow steel rod of length L is rigidly clamped at its mid-point and transverse standing waves of
frequency f are set up in it. The speed of transverse waves in the rod is c. Then:
(A) The free ends of the rod must be antinodes
(B) The fundamental frequency f of the rod is c/(L)
(C) The second overtone frequency of the rod is 5c/(2L)
(D) f can be any integral multiple of the fundamental frequency
Ans (A) & (C)
22. A pulse is started at a time t = 0 along the +x direction on a long, taut string. The shape of the pulse at
t = 0 is given by function f (x) with:
x
4 + 1 for 4 < x 0

f ( x ) = x + 1 for 0 < x < 1

0
otherwise

here f and x are in centimeters. The linear mass density of the string is 50 g/m and it is under a tension of
5N
(A) The shape of the string is drawn at t = 0 then the area of the pulse enclosed by the string and the
x-axis is 2.5 cm2
(B) The shape of the string is drawn at t = 0 then the area of the pulse enclosed by the string and the
x-axis is 5 cm2
(C) The transverse velocity of the particle at x = 13 cm and t = 0.015 s will be 250 cm/s
(D) The transverse velocity of the particle at x = 13 cm and t = 0.015 s will be 250 cm/s
Ans (A) and (C)
23. String of length L whose one end is x = 0 vibrates according to the relations given by different equations.
Choose the correct statements:
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x
sint has 1 antinode, 2 nodes
L
x
sin t has 2 antinodes, 1 node
(B) y = A cos
L
2x
sin t has 3 nodes, 2 antinodes
(C) y = A sin
L
2x
s sin t has 3 antinodes, 2 nodes
(D) y = A cos
L
Ans (A), (B), (C) & (D)
(A) y = A sin

24. The equation of a transverse wave travelling on a string is y = 2cos (0.5x 150t)
Where x and y are in cm and t is in second. Which of the following are true?
(A) The velocity of the wave is 3 ms1
(B) The period of the wave is 0.1 is
(C) The wavelength of the wave is 4 cm
(D) The amplitude of the wave is 2 cm
Ans (A), (C) and (D)
25. Two particle P and Q have a phase difference of when a sine wave passes through the region
(A) P oscillates at half the frequency of Q
(B) P and Q move in opposite directions
(C) P and Q must be separated by half of the wavelength
(D) the displacement of P and Q have equal magnitudes
Ans (B), (C) and (D)
26. Two pulses travelling on same string are described by equation y1 =

5
and
(3x 4t) 2 + 2

5
. Mark out the correct statements.
(3x + 4t 6)2 + 2
4
(A) At t = s the two waves cancel each other every where
3
3
(B) At t = s the two waves cancel each other every where
4
(C) At x = 1 the two waves cancel each other at all times.
(D) At all point two waves cancel each other
Ans (B) and (C)
y2 =

27. y(x, t) =

0.8
represents a moving pulse, where x and y are in metre and t in second. Then
( 4x + 5t ) 2 + 5

(A) pulse is moving in + x direction

(C) its maximum displacement is 0.16 m
Ans (B), (C) and (D)

(B) in 2 it will travel a distance of 2.5 m

(D) it is a symmetric pulse

28. A mechanical wave propagates in a medium along the x-axis. The particles of the medium
(A) may move on the x-axis
(B) may move on the y-axis
(C) must move on the y-axis
(D) must move on the x-axis
Ans (A) and (B)
29. The plane wave represented by an equation of the form y = (x vt) implies the propagation along the
positive x-axis without change of shape with constant velocity v
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(A)

dy
dy
= v
dt
dx

(B)

d2y
dy
= v 2
dt
dx

(C)

2
d2y
2d y
=

v
2
dt 2
dx

(D)

d2y
d2y
=
v
2
dt 2
dx

Ans (A) and (C)

30. Which one of the following represent a travelling wave?
(A) y = A (x vt
(B) y = A cos (ax + bt) (C) y = A log (x vt)

(D) y = f (x2 vt2)

Ans (A), (B) and (C)

31. Y ( x, t ) =

0.8
m represents a moving pulse, where x, y are in metre and t in second
( 4x + 5t )2 + 5

(A) It is a non-periodic travelling pulse

(C) Maximum displacement is 0.16 m
Ans (A), (B), (C)

(B) t is travelling along ve x-axis

(D) Velocity of motion of pulse is 12.5 ms1

32. In a wave motion y = a sin (kx t), y can represent

(A) electric field
(B) magnetic field
(C) displacement
Ans (A), (B), (C), (D)

(D) pressure change

33. Two waves of equal frequency f and speed v travel in opposite directions along the same path. The
waves have amplitudes A and 3A. Then
(A) the amplitude of the resulting wave varies with position between maxima of amplitude 4A and
minima of zero amplitude

(B) the distance between a maxima and adjacent minima of amplitude is

2f
(C) at a point on the path the average displacement is zero Average displacement of medium particle
at any point is zero.
(D) the position of a maxima or minima of amplitude does not change with time
Ans (C), (D)

Read the passage given below and answer questions by choosing the correct
alternative
In an organ pipe (may be closed or open) of length 1m standing wave is setup, whose equation
2
for longitudinal displacement is given by = (0.1 mm) cos
( y ) cos ( 400 ) t where y is
0.8
measured from the top of the tube in meters and t in second.
34. The upper end and the lower ends of the tube are respectively
(A) open closed
(B) closed open
(C) open open
(D) closed closed
Ans (A)
35. The air column is vibrating in
(A) First overtone
(C) Third harmonic
Ans (B)

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(B) Second overtone

(D) Fundamental mode

36. Equation of the standing wave in terms of excess pressure is (Bulk modulus of air B = 5 105 N/m2)
2
2
(A) Pex = (125pN / m 2 )sin
(B) Pex = 125N / m 2 cos
( y ) cos ( 400t )
( y ) sin ( 400t )
0.8
0.8
2
2
(C) Pex = 225 N / m 2 sin
(D) Pex = 225N / m 2 cos
( y ) cos ( 200t )
( y ) sin ( 200t )
0.8
0.8
Ans (A)

Read the passage given below and answer questions by choosing the correct
alternative
A and B are two identical point sources of acoustic waves, each producing sound of 1 kHz. They are located
in two trains, one in each of the engines of the trains which runs on two close parallel tracks. An observer is
standing in between the tracks and listening to the sound received from each of the sources.
37. Firstly, the two trains are approaching the stationary observer from opposite sides with the same speed
which is 1% of the velocity of sound in air. The number of beats that he will hear between the
frequencies of A and B as heard by him will be (per second)
(A) 10
(B) 2
(C) 0
(D) greater than 10
Ans (C)
38. If one of the trains remain stationary while the other train recedes from the observer with a speed which
is 1% of the velocity of sound in air, the number of beats heard by the observer per second will be
(in Hz)
(A) 0
(B) greater than 10
(C) 3.5
(D) 9.9
Ans (D)
39. If both the trains remain stationary, but the observer runs towards one train parallel to the track with such
a speed that he hears exactly 10 beats per seconds, his speed (given the speed of sound is 350 m/s) is
(A) 6.3 km/h
(B) 4.5 km/h
(C) 12.6 km/h
(D) 3.6 km/h
Ans (A)
Read the passage given below and answer questions by choosing the correct
alternative
A piano creates sound by gently striking a taut wire with a soft hammer when a key on the piano is pressed.
All piano wires in a given piano are approximately of the same length. However, each wire is tied down at
two points, the bridge and the agraffe. The length of the wire between the bridge and the agraffe is called the
speaking length. The point of the wire struck by the hammer is displaced perpendicularly to the wires
length. A standing wave is generated by the hammer strike,
T
v=

[where v is the velocity, T is the tension in the wire, and is the mass per unit length of the wire].
Tuning a piano involves adjustment of the tension in the wires until just the right pitch is achieved. Correct
pitch is achieved by listening to the beat frequency between the piano and a precalibrated tuning fork.
40. A piano note is compared to a tuning fork vibrating at 440 Hz. Three beats per second are discerned by
the piano tuner. When the tension in the string is increased slightly, the beat frequency increases. What
was the initial frequency of the piano wire?
(A) 434 Hz
(B) 437 Hz
(C) 443 Hz
(D) 446 Hz
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Ans (C)
41. Sound waves move through air at approximately 30 m/s. A piano wire with a 90 cm speaking length
resonates at a frequency of 360 Hz. What is the wavelength of the resulting sound wave?
(A) 0.94 m
(B) 1.06 m
(C) 4 m
(D) 1.8 m
Read the passage given below and answer questions by choosing the correct
alternative
A metallic rod of length 1 m has one end free and other end rigidly clamped. Longitudinal stationary waves
are set-up in the rod in such a way that there are total six antinodes present along the rod. The amplitude of
an antinodes is 4 106 N/m2 and 4 103 kg/m3 respectively. Consider the free end to be at origin and at t =
0 particles at free and are at positive extreme.
42. The equation describing displacements of particles about their mean positions is
11
11
x cos ( 22 103 t )
x sin ( 22 103 t )
(A) s = 4 106 cos
(B) s = 4 106 cos
2
2

6
3
6
(C) s = 4 10 cos ( 5x ) cos ( 20 10 t )
(D) s = 4 10 cos ( 5x ) sin ( 20 103 t )

Ans (A)
43. The equation describing stress developed in the rod is
11

11

(A) 140.8 104 cos x + x cos ( 22 103 t )

(B) 140.8 104 sin x + cos ( 22 103 t )
2

4
3
4
(C) 128 10 cos (5x + ) cos (20 10 t)
(D) 128 10 sin (5x + ) cos (20 103t)
Ans (B)
44. The magnitude of strain at midpoint of the rod at t = 1 sec is
(A) 11 3 106
(B) 11 2 106
(C) 10 3 106

(D) 10 2 10 6

Ans (B)
Numerical problems
45. Sachin and his mother have a tin whistle each. The pipe length of Sachins tin whistle is 52 cm long
while the pipe length of mothers tin whistle is 50 cm long. They both play at the same time, sounding
the whistles at their fundamental resonant frequencies. The note that they played are not in tune with
each other. The velocity of sound in a air is 325 m/s. Assume the whistle is a pipe with one end open find
the beat frequency (in Hz) that is heard when both whistles are plying simultaneously. (Round off to
nearest integer)
Ans 6
46. If we run towards a resonance column apparatus vibrating in the fundamental mode with a speed of
5 m/s, we hear a frequency of 165 Hz. When we run away from the apparatus with a speed of 5 m/s, we
hear a frequency of 160 Hz. What is the length of the resonance column (in cm) that we see? Neglect end
correction.
Ans 50
47. Two tuning forks A and B each of the natural frequency 85 Hz move with velocity 10 m/s relative to
stationary observer O. Fork A moves away from the observer while the fork B moves towards him as

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shown in the figure. A wind with a speed 10 m/s is blowing in the direction of motion of fork A. Find the
beat frequency measured by the observer in Hz. [Take speed of sound in air as 340 m/s]

Ans 5

48. A source emits sounds waves of frequency 1000 Hz. The source moves to the right with a speed of
32 ms1 relative to ground. On the right a reflecting surface moves towards left with a speed of 64 ms1
relative to the ground. The speed of sound in air is 332 ms1. If the wavelength of sound in head of the
source is n, find 10 n?

Ans 3
49. A source emits sounds waves of frequency 1000 Hz. The source moves to the right with a speed of
32 ms1 relative to ground. On the right a reflecting surface moves towards left with a speed of 64 ms1
relative to the ground. The speed of sound in air is 332 ms1. If the number of waves arriving per second
which meets the reflecting surface is n, find n/20.

Ans 66
50. A source emits sounds waves of frequency 1000 Hz. The source moves to the right with a speed of
32 ms1 relative to ground. On the right a reflecting surface moves towards left with a speed of 64 ms1
relative to the ground. The speed of sound in air is 332 ms1. If the speed of reflected waves is n, find
n/4?

Ans 83
51. A source emits sounds waves of frequency 1000 Hz. The source moves to the right with a speed of
32 ms1 relative to ground. On the right a reflecting surface moves towards left with a speed of 64 ms1
relative to the ground. The speed of sound in air is 332 ms1. If the wavelength of reflected waves is n,
find 100n?

Ans 25
52. Two loudspeaker blow in phase at 170 Hz. An observer sits at 8 m from one speaker and 11 m from the
other. The intensity level from either speaker acting alone is 60 dB. The speed of sound is 340 ms1.
Find the observed intensity level when both speakers are ON together.

Ans 0
53. Two loudspeaker blow in phase at 170 Hz. An observer sits at 8 m from one speaker and 11 m from the
other. The intensity level from either speaker acting alone is 60 dB. The speed of sound is 340 ms1.
Find the observed intensity level when both speakers are ON together but one has some technical change
so that the speakers are 180 out of phase.

Ans 66 dB

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10

54. Two loudspeaker blow in phase at 170 Hz. An observer sits at 8 m from one speaker and 11 m from the
other. The intensity level from either speaker acting alone is 60 dB. The speed of sound is 340 ms1.
Find the observed intensity level when both speakers are ON and in phase but the frequency is 180 HZ.

Ans 63 dB
55. Two coherent monochromatic sources P and Q emit light of wavelength 563.3 nm. The distance between
P and Q is 5m. If the detector is moved along a line QR perpendicular to PQ and starting from Q, what
is the total number of maxima observed?(Dont count the maxima at infinity).

Ans 8
56. If the figure given below shows the displacement-time curve of common medium particle for two sound
waves A and B propagating in the same medium, the ratio of their intensities IA/IB = X. Find the value
of X.

Ans 1
57. A string will break apart if it is placed under too much tensile stress. One type of steel has density
steel = 104 kg / m3 and breaking stress = 9 108 N/m2. We make a guitar string from (4) gram of this
type of steel. It should be able to withstand (900) N without breaking. The highest possible fundamental
frequency (in Hz) of standing waves on the string if the entire length of the string vibrates is n then find
n/25.
Ans 15

Column Matching
58. In closed organ pipe
(i)
(ii)

Column I
third overtone frequency is x times fundamental frequency then x is
number of nodes in second overtime

Column II
(P) 3
(Q) 4

(iii)
(iv)

number of antinodes in second overtime

nth harmonic does not exists, where n is

(R)
(S)

Ans (i) (S), (ii) (P), (iii) (P), (iv) (Q)

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5
7

59. Three successive resonance frequencies in an organ pipe are 1310, 1834 and 2358 Hz. Velocity of sound
in air is 340 m/s.
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

Column I
Length of the pipe (in cm.)
Fundamental frequency (in Hz)
Frequency of 5th harmonic (in Hz)
Frequency of 1st overtone (in Hz)

Ans (i) R

(ii) P

Column II
(P)

262

(Q)
(R)

786
32.4

(S)

1310

(iii) S

(iv) Q

60. are propagating along a taut string that coincides with the x-axis. The wave function for the two waves
are
y1 = A cos [K (x vt)] and y2 = A cos [K (x + vt) + )

Column I

Column II

(i)

Beats

(P)

Redistribution of energy

(ii)

Standing waves

(Q)

Nearly equal frequencies

(iii) Interference

(R)

Varying amplitude

(iv)

(S)

Reflection from a rigid support

(T)

Multiple Reflection

Echo

Ans (i) (Q), (ii) (R), (iii) (P), (iv) (S)

***

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